WO2017140187A1 - 一种环保建筑结构套件 - Google Patents

一种环保建筑结构套件 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017140187A1
WO2017140187A1 PCT/CN2017/000151 CN2017000151W WO2017140187A1 WO 2017140187 A1 WO2017140187 A1 WO 2017140187A1 CN 2017000151 W CN2017000151 W CN 2017000151W WO 2017140187 A1 WO2017140187 A1 WO 2017140187A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
structural member
structural
building structure
kit according
center
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2017/000151
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩文正
Original Assignee
深圳市新天能科技开发有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市新天能科技开发有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市新天能科技开发有限公司
Priority to KR1020187025894A priority Critical patent/KR20180123669A/ko
Priority to MYPI2018702800A priority patent/MY192684A/en
Priority to SG11201806327VA priority patent/SG11201806327VA/en
Priority to AU2017220928A priority patent/AU2017220928B2/en
Priority to JP2018530593A priority patent/JP6886977B2/ja
Publication of WO2017140187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017140187A1/zh
Priority to US15/964,053 priority patent/US10526783B2/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/18—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/08—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E04B2/06—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/10—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E04B2/16—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position
    • E04B2/20—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element using elements having specially-designed means for stabilising the position by filling material with or without reinforcements in small channels in, or in grooves between, the elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/39—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra
    • E04C1/397—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings characterised by special adaptations, e.g. serving for locating conduits, for forming soffits, cornices, or shelves, for fixing wall-plates or door-frames, for claustra serving for locating conduits
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0243—Separate connectors or inserts, e.g. pegs, pins or keys
    • E04B2002/0247—Strips or bars
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0263—Building elements for making angled walls

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to an environmentally-friendly building structure kit.
  • the solid wastes involved in the present invention are mainly (1) industrial solid waste, including but not limited to waste slag, slag, and corner scrap of industrial products; (2) domestic waste, including but not limited to waste paper produced by daily life. , waste furniture, waste plastics, packaging materials, foods that have deteriorated; (3) construction waste, including but not limited to pieces of cement, bricks, and decoration materials produced when the old building is demolished; (4) urban sludge, including However, it is not limited to sludge produced by sewage treatment, sludge excavated from urban underground works, sludge deposited in urban sewers all year round; (5) crop straw waste, including but not limited to rice straw, wheat straw, corn stover, sorghum straw, cotton Straw, peanut straw, sesame straw, rape straw.
  • industrial solid waste including but not limited to waste slag, slag, and corner scrap of industrial products
  • domestic waste including but not limited to waste paper produced by daily life. , waste furniture, waste plastics, packaging materials, foods that
  • the invention discloses an environmentally-friendly building structure kit, which mainly comprises a standard structural component (1), a left corner structural component (2), a right corner structural component (3), an adjustment structural component (4), and a reinforcement positioning plunger (5).
  • a positioning hole (6) located in the middle of the structural member and penetrating the structural member up and down, located in the middle of the structural member, the wire tube hole (7) penetrating the structural member up and down, and the transverse line tube groove formed by stacking the upper and lower structural members (8) a left convex structure (9) located on the left side of the standard structural member, a right concave structure (10) located on the right side of the structural member, and an uninterrupted integral inclined surface convex structure which is inwardly retracted in the upper portion of the structural member and is higher than the side of the structural member.
  • a recessed structure (12) located in the middle of the lower part of the structural member, a decorative surface (13) on both sides of the structural member, and a sealing mat (14) placed between the upper and lower
  • the component (4), the reinforcing positioning plunger (5) and the connecting joint (15) connecting the reinforcing positioning plunger are stacked and constructed according to the method of the invention, and each component is strengthened by positioning the plunger (5) and the upper and lower concave and convex structures. Closely fastened together into one body, without any adhesive, without any cutting of the structural parts, the closed wall with the decorative surface and the line-lined slotted structure can be built and can be repeatedly disassembled and repeatedly recycle. (See Figure 5 and Figure 6 for details).
  • Standard structural member (1), left corner structural member (2), right corner structural member (3), two sides or one side of the adjusting structural member (4) with decorative surface (13), built wall The body no longer modifies the decoration.
  • the standard structural member (1), the adjustment structural member (4) can be used together with the left corner structural member (2) and the right corner structural member (3) to construct a closed house wall, or can be used alone to build a single Wall.
  • the outer diameter of the reinforcing positioning rod (5) is only smaller than the minimum inner diameter of each structural member positioning hole (6) of 1-2 mm. It is ensured that the positioning plunger (5) can tightly lock the structural members.
  • the left corner piece (2), the positioning hole (6) and the line tube hole (7) on the right corner structural member (3) are completely symmetrically set, regardless of whether they are 90°, 180° or 270 between the two.
  • the staggered construction of °, the positioning hole (6), the line tube hole (7) can achieve perfect up and down.
  • each structural member has length L and width W
  • its left corner structural member (2) has an outer length of L+W, an inner length of L, and an outer width of 1/ 2L+W, the inner width is 1/2L
  • the right corner structural member (3) has an outer length of L+W, an inner length of L, an outer width of 1/2L+W, and an inner width of 1/2L.
  • the length of the piece (4) is 1/2L and the width is W.
  • the embossed structures between the upper and lower sides or between the left and right or between the upper and lower sides can be connected to each other, and the positioning holes (6) and the conduit holes on each structural member (7) It is a symmetrical arrangement.
  • the positioning hole (6) and the line tube hole (7) are vertically penetrated, and the structural members are tightly connected in series by the reinforcing positioning rod (5) through the positioning hole (6).
  • the joints (15) of the connecting rods are arranged according to the shape-shaped structure, and the structural members are locked to form a firm structural relationship, which can resist strong object impact and good earthquake resistance.
  • the reinforcing positioning rod (5) inserted into the positioning hole (6) may be a hollow metal, plastic or composite material, which can be used as a water pipe, a gas pipe, a gas pipe, a strong electric or a weak electric pipe, or Casting at the site of the construction site with steel, cement, structural glue, hot melt plastic, epoxy glue or mixed materials.
  • the decorative surface (13) can display various colors or colored, flat or three-dimensional wood, stone, brick, and leather lines by inkjet, mold, film, engraving, pasting or hand-painting. Camouflage pattern or Characters, photos, geometry, logo patterns.
  • the decorative color and pattern of the decorative surface (13) can be made into one piece with the structural parts or can be bonded and integrated into one body, and can also be used as a single-sided decoration.
  • sludge including but not limited to municipal sludge, industrial solid waste, urban living waste, construction waste, crop straw waste
  • vitrified beads ceramsite, fiber cloth, plant fiber, rock wool , ceramic, plastic raw materials or glass fiber mixed curing agent, waterproofing agent, modifier, flame retardant, adhesive, and by adding steel, metal fittings to improve strength.
  • the raw material is sent to a high-temperature steaming kiln (C) for high-temperature steaming, and the distilled water (H) produced by high-temperature steaming is sent to a stirring center for mixing and stirring.
  • C high-temperature steaming kiln
  • H distilled water
  • the structural parts After being steamed at high temperature, the structural parts will be sent to the veneer processing center (F) for processing according to the user's desired finish effect. If necessary, the structural parts will be completely enclosed and packaged with synthetic materials to ensure the overall physical structure of the structural parts. The chemical properties are stable for a long time.
  • the defective product produced at the palletizing packaging center (G) will be sent to the forming center (E) for repair, and the waste product will be sent to the crushing center (A) for pulverization and reuse. There is no waste water, waste gas or waste residue discharged during the whole process.
  • Waterproof glue, fastening glue, structural glue, cement or other bonding materials can be applied between the structural members, and the structural members are closely bonded into one body.
  • the invention has positive effects: (1) transforming various kinds of solid wastes into a new type of building materials, turning waste into treasure, and repeatedly demolition and construction, multiple use, and greatly reducing the construction caused by the secondary decoration. Waste waste, very environmentally friendly; (2) High-temperature dewatering and killing center in operation, a large amount of high-temperature steam obtained from high-moisture domestic garbage and municipal sludge is sent to the high-temperature steaming kiln, and will be used. The distilled water obtained by the high-temperature steam cooling is sent to the mixing center for mixing the raw materials to realize the repeated reuse of energy and water resources; (3) the structural parts are processed by the veneer, no need for decoration after the wall is built, and the cement is greatly reduced.
  • Figure 1 is a flow chart showing the fabrication process of the structural kit of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of a standard structural member of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational cross-sectional view of the standard structural member of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of a standard member, a corner member, and an adjustment block member of the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the use of the wall surface and the plunger of the structural member of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the layered use of the structural building of the present invention in combination with the building;
  • FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 show a specific embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 is a flow chart showing the manufacturing process of the structural kit of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a plan view of the standard structural member of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a plan view of a standard member, a corner member, and an adjusting block member of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the wall surface of the structural member constructed by the present invention and a plunger; FIG. 6 is a combination of the structural kit of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the stratification of the room.
  • the recovered scrap (J) enters the pulverizing center (A) and is pulverized into particles of about 5 mm.
  • the relatively dry waste (L) such as industrial slag, construction waste, agricultural straw
  • the relatively large water (K) urban sludge, mud) , domestic garbage ...)
  • the material is subjected to high temperature hot air stirring at 600-900 degrees Celsius, all bacteria and organisms will be killed, the odor will be eliminated, and the water content of the waste will be reduced to below 8%.
  • a large amount of evaporated high temperature water vapor (I) will be sent to the high temperature steaming kiln (C).
  • the crushed and dehydrated waste (K/L) will be used in different proportions and different proportions of curing agent, water repellent, modifier, flame retardant and adhesive according to the customer's requirements.
  • Mix well and mix Send to the product forming center (E).
  • the mixed waste will be made into the component body of various shapes and specifications according to the user's requirements.
  • the structural parts are made of special precision molds in the forming center according to the different material proportions and the purpose of use, and are made by a vibration machine, a static press or a mold machine.
  • the central portion of the entire strip of the structural member is inwardly retracted and protrudes upward from the uninterrupted integral bevel structure on the side of the structural member, and the left side also protrudes correspondingly.
  • the central raised structure and the concave structure at the bottom of the other structural member are fastened when stacked, and the right side of the structural member is provided with a concave structure for snap-fit connection with the convex structure on the left side of the other structural member.
  • the protruding structure is evenly distributed with positioning holes which are vertically penetrated, and when the plurality of structural members are stacked, the position of the structural member and other structural members are used for positioning and fixing.
  • the embryo body After the embryo body is formed, it will be sent to the high temperature steaming kiln (C). In the high temperature steaming kiln, the embryo body will gradually be heated by high temperature steam and steamed for 8-18 hours.
  • the distilled water (H) condensed by the high-temperature steam during the steaming of the embryo body will be collected and sent to a mixing and mixing center for mixing and stirring of the waste.
  • the high temperature steamed embryo body will enter the veneer processing center (G), where the embryo body will be packaged and surfaced and packaged according to the user's requirements. Unqualified products will be returned to the crushing center for re-grinding, re-processing, or sent to the forming center for repair.
  • the upper part of the structural member has an uninterrupted integral beveled convex structure which is inwardly retracted and raised above the side of the structural member, and the left side also has a convex structure (9).
  • a through hole (6) and a tube hole (7) are evenly distributed between the upper raised structure portion and the lower concave structure for positioning and fixing the position of the structural member and other structural members.
  • the right side of the structural member is provided with a concave structure (10) for snap-fit connection with the protruding structure on the left side of the other structural member.
  • the positioning hole (6) between the upper convex structure and the concave structure is located at the middle position of the structural member, with the center point as the center point, the left and right portions of the structural member are completely symmetrical, and the inner diameter of the positioning hole (6) It is larger than the outer diameter of the plunger (5) by 1-2 mm, thus ensuring that after the structural members are stacked, the plunger (5) can tightly and tightly lock the blocks.
  • the concave structure (12) of the upper structural member is fastened with the upper convex structure (11) of the lower structural member to form a transversely penetrating conduit groove (8), which can be used for installation. Water pipes, gas pipes, weak electricity, strong electric wires.
  • a sealing pad (14) is placed between the upper structural member and the lower structural member, and the upper structural member presses the sealing pad with its own weight to form a tight airtight closing strip, thereby ensuring that the completed wall is waterproof and windproof. Sound insulation and insulation function.
  • a decorative surface (13) is arranged on both sides of the structural member, and the decorative surface can display various colors or colored, flat or three-dimensional wood grain and stone by inkjet, mold, film, engraving, pasting or hand-painting.
  • Pattern, brick, leather, camouflage or characters, photos, geometry, logo patterns, users can use immediately after building a wall, beautiful, no need to carry out wall decoration, save time, reduce cement mortar Scattered in the city's transportation, causing the city's sewer pipe to be blocked, benefiting the country and the people.
  • Figure 4 details the relevant positions of the structural members. The most important thing is to simply and clearly explain the dimensional relationship of the length and width of each structural member. If the length L of the standard structural member is 500 mm and the width W is 150 mm, according to the illustration, we can quickly calculate that the length of the adjustment structure is 250 mm. (1/2L), the width is 150mm, the outer length of the left corner is 650mm (L+W), the outer width is 400mm (1/2L+W), the inner length is 500mm, and the inner width is 250mm. According to our actual repeated verification, this scientific calculation method ensures that the structural members can be perfectly combined into one room without any cutting of the structural members.
  • FIG. 5 shows the effect of the invention after the wall is built.
  • each structural member is constructed with a top-down structure, and the upper and lower embossed structures are fastened to each other, and the positioning holes in the middle of the structural member are mutually penetrated, and the fixed positioning rod connects the upper and lower structural members in series, and
  • the structural parts of the glyphs are matched (and the joints of the connecting rods (15) are also matched according to the shape of the characters), forming a very strong structural relationship, which can resist the impact of strong objects, and the seismic effect is very good.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the stitching effect of building a house using the present invention.
  • the number 1 on the way indicates the splicing of the first layer of wall structural members
  • 2 indicates the splicing of the second layer of wall structural members, and so on.
  • the specific method of building the wall is as follows: firstly construct a firm flat foundation or floor board, and then align the structural parts one by one according to the left and right embossed structure. (If bonding is required, the surface of the butt joint structure should be painted and bonded. Paint), corner parts are built with corner pieces.
  • the left-turning structural member When constructing a plurality of rooms, the left-turning structural member can be constructed layer by layer according to the actual needs and the right-turning structural member in an interlaced manner of 90°, 180° or 270°, so that a quick dry wall can be realized.
  • the structural parts are well insulated, waterproof and decorative, the whole process of building the wall, waterproofing, heat preservation and decoration of the inner and outer walls can be completed at one time, and the wall can be arbitrarily disassembled and rebuilt according to the needs.
  • structural parts to be used as load-bearing walls, use cement, sand, and stone powder materials to make structural parts. If you want structural parts to be lightweight, use only partition walls. Structural parts use vitrified beads, ceramsite, fiber cloth, and straw. Made of foam, rock wool or other lightweight materials. If the wall is required to have a decorative surface, the surface of the structural member can be displayed in various colors or colored, flat or three-dimensional wood, stone, brick, and leather by inkjet, mold, film, engraving, pasting or hand-painting. , camouflage or characters, photos, geometry, logo patterns.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)

Abstract

一种环保建筑结构套件，包括标准结构件（1）、左拐角结构件（2）、右拐角结构件（3）、调整结构件（4）和加固定位插杆（5），结构件中部上下贯通有定位孔（6）和线管孔（7），两结构件堆叠后形成横向线管槽（8），标准结构件（1）有左凸结构（9）、右凹结构（10）、上凸结构（11）、下凹结构（12）和两侧的装饰面（13），各结构件与加固定位插杆（5）以及连接加固定位插杆（5）的连接接头（15）搭建后紧密扣接成为一体，无需粘合剂和装修装饰处理。该结构套件可反复拆建。

Description

一种环保建筑结构套件 【技术领域】
本发明属于建筑材料技术领域，具体涉及一种环保建筑结构套件。
【背景技术】
本发明所涉及的固体废料主要是(1)工业固体废料，包括但不限于废矿渣、炉渣、以及工业产品的边角废料；(2)生活废料，包括但不限于日常生活所产生的废纸、废旧家具、废旧塑料、包装材料、剩余变质的食物；(3)建筑废料，包括但不限于拆除旧建筑时所产生的水泥块、砖块、装修材料碎块；(4)城市淤泥，包括但不限于污水处理产生的淤泥，城市地下工程挖掘出来的淤泥，城市下水道常年沉淀下来的淤泥；(5)农作物秸秆废料，包括但不局限于水稻秸秆，麦秸秆、玉米秸秆、高粱秸秆、棉花秸秆，花生秸秆、芝麻秸秆、油菜秸秆。目前处理以上各种废料的方法很多，但伴随社会的不断发展，以上各种废料始终没有得到很好的处理，成为日趋严重的社会问题，并不断对人类居住环境造成危害。同时，目前的各种建墙方法是使用水泥砂浆将砖块砌成墙体，或通过搭建框架结构后，将墙板固定到框架结构上。这些方法都必须由专业的人员使用专业的工具、设备才能实现。而且建好的墙体都是没有带任何装饰的基础毛坯墙。墙体建成后，需要进行装修装饰，不能反复拆建使用，从而造成大量建筑材料浪费，而拆卸下来的建筑废料不能腐化分解，成为新的固体废料，造成环境污染。
【发明内容】
本发明公开了一种环保建筑结构套件，主要包括标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构件(4)，加固定位插杆(5)，位于结构件中部、上下贯通结构件的定位孔(6)，位于结构件中部、上下贯通结构件的线管孔(7)，上下两个结构件堆叠后所形成的横向线管槽(8)，位于标准结构件左边的左凸结构(9)，位于结构件右边的右凹结构(10)，位于结构件上部的向内缩进并高出结构件侧面的无间断整体斜面上凸结构(11)，位于结构件下部中间的下凹结构(12)，位于结构件两侧的装饰面(13)，以及放置在上下两个结构件之间的密闭垫(14)，连接加固定位插杆的连接接头(15)。
本发明的基本功能及特点是：
1、将标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构 件(4)，加固定位插杆(5)以及连接加固定位插杆的连接接头(15)按本发明所述的方法堆叠搭建，各构件通过加固定位插杆(5)以及上下左右的凹凸结构互相紧密扣接成为一体，不用任何粘合剂、也无需对结构件做任何切割就可以搭建闭合的带装饰面以及线管线槽的品字形扣接结构房屋墙体，并可以反复拆卸、多次循环使用。(详见附图5以及附图6)。
2、在各结构件的上下堆叠连接部位置有密闭垫(14)，保证墙体搭建后能实现防水、隔音、保温的功能。
3、标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构件(4)的两侧面或其中一侧面带有装饰面(13)，建好的墙体不再修改装饰。
4、标准结构件(1)，调整结构件(4)可以与左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，配合使用，搭建闭合的房屋墙体，也可以单独使用，搭建单一的墙体。
5、其加固定位插杆(5)的外径仅小于各结构件定位孔(6)的最小内径1-2毫米。保证定位插杆(5)能紧紧的将各结构件锁定。
6、其左拐角件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)上的定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)是完全对称设立的，无论两者之间做90°、180°或270°的交错搭建，其定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)都能实现完好上下贯通。
7、其各结构件的尺寸关系为：标准结构件(1)长度为L，宽度为W，其左拐角结构件(2)外长度为L+W，内长度为L，外宽度为1/2L+W，内宽度为1/2L，其右拐角结构件(3)外长度为L+W，内长度为L，外宽度为1/2L+W，内宽度为1/2L，其调整结构件(4)的长度为1/2L，宽度为W，可根据以上计算公式计算得到不同宽度、不同长度的标准结构件的对应其他结构件的主要尺寸，实现各结构件能完美的组合成为一个房间而不需要对结构件做任何切割。
8、将多块结构套件堆叠建墙时，其上下之间或左右之间或上下左右之间的凹凸榫卯结构可互相扣合连接，各结构件上的定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)是对称设置，多层搭建后，定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)上下贯通，并通过加固定位插杆(5)穿过定位孔(6)将各结构件紧密串联成为一体。
9、连接杆的接头(15)是按品字形结构搭配设置，将各结构件锁紧形成牢固的结构关系，可抗击强烈的物体冲击、抗震效果好。
10、插入定位孔(6)的加固定位插杆(5)可以是空心的金属、塑料或复合材料制作的管材，可同时作为水管、气管、燃气管、强电或弱电线管使用，也可以在建墙工地现场用钢筋、水泥、结构胶、热熔塑料、环氧胶或混合材料浇铸。
11、其装饰面(13)可通过喷绘、倒模、贴膜、雕刻、粘贴或手绘的方式展示多种颜色的或彩色的、平面的或立体的木纹、石纹、砖纹、皮纹、迷彩纹或 人物、照片、几何、商标图案。
12、其装饰面(13)的装饰颜色、图案可以与其结构件制作为一体或分体制作后粘接为一体，也可以只做单面装饰。
13、其可以用污泥、废料(包括但不限于城市污泥、工业固体废料、城市生活废料、建筑废料、农作物秸秆废料)以及玻化微珠、陶粒、纤维布、植物纤维、岩棉、陶瓷、塑胶原料或玻璃纤维混合固化剂、防水剂、改性剂、阻燃剂、粘合剂制作，并通过添加钢筋、金属配件来提高强度。
14、变废为宝，将各种破坏人类居住环境的固体废料通过粉碎、干燥、综合除害、除臭、混合搅拌、成形、养护、封闭固化、美饰后成为一种可重复循环使用的带装饰面以及线管线槽的并且可以反复拆卸多次循环使用的建筑结构件。由于其本身带有装饰面，墙体用结构套件搭建后，不再需要对墙体进行装修装饰。其制作方法、工艺流程是将各种固体废料通过粉碎、干燥、综合除害、除臭、混合搅拌、成形、养护、封闭固化、美饰后制作而成，具体工艺流程如下：
(1)将固体废料(J)送入粉碎中心(A)进行粉碎(淤泥(K)除外)。
(2)将水分大的废料(生活垃圾、城市淤泥)送入高温脱水消杀中心(B)中进行高温脱水、杀菌、除臭，消杀中心获得的大量高温水蒸气(I)将被输送到高温蒸养窑(C)。
(3)粉碎后的固体废料(L)以及脱水后的淤泥将按一定比例与固化剂、防水剂、改性剂、阻燃剂、粘合剂一并送入搅拌中心(D)里充分搅拌混合。
(4)混合、搅拌后的原料送入产品成形中心(E)中制作成结构件胚料。
(5)胚料送入高温蒸养窑(C)中进行高温蒸养，高温蒸养所产生的蒸馏水(H)将会送入搅拌中心用于混合搅拌。
(6)结构件经过高温蒸养后将送到饰面加工中心(F)按用户所需要的饰面效果加工，必要时用合成材料将结构件整体封闭包装，以保证结构件的整体物理、化学特性长期稳定不变。
(7)最后将成品结构件送到码垛包装中心(G)包装码垛后装车送给用户。
(8)在码垛包装中心(G)产生的次品将送入成形中心(E)修复，废品将送入粉碎中心(A)粉碎后再次利用。整个加工制作过程没有任何废水、废气、废渣排放。
15、各结构件之间可涂刷防水胶、紧固胶、结构胶、水泥或其他粘接材料，将各结构件紧密的粘结成为一体。
本发明具有积极的效果：(1)将令人头疼的各种固体废料转变为新型建筑材料，变废为宝，并可重复拆建、多次使用，大幅度减少由于二次装修所造成的建筑垃圾废料，非常环保；(2)高温脱水消杀中心在运行过程中，将从高水分含量的生活垃圾、城市污泥中所获得的大量高温水蒸气送入高温蒸养窑使用，并将使用高温蒸汽后冷却得到的蒸留水送入搅拌中心用于搅拌原材料，实现能源、水资源多次再利用；(3)结构件经过饰面加工，建墙后不再需要装饰装修，大幅度减少水泥、沙在城市运输过程中散落所造成的城市下水道淤塞(减少城市下水道淤泥)，有利于城市建设；(4)由于结构件是凹凸榫卯结构，并带装饰面，建墙不再需要专业人员，可大幅度缓解建筑工人人手短缺的社会矛盾。
【附图说明】
为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚的理解，下面根据具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
图1是制作本发明结构套件的制作工艺流程图；
图2是本发明标准结构件的俯视图；
图3是本发明标准结构件的侧面堆叠剖视图；
图4是本发明标准构件、拐角构件以及调整块构件俯视图；
图5是本发明结构件搭建的墙面以及插杆使用示意图；
图6是本发明结构套件组合使用建房的分层使用示意图；
【具体实施方式】
(实施例1)图1至图6显示了本发明的具体实施方式，其中图1是本发明结构套件的制作工艺流程图；图2是本发明标准结构件的俯视图；图3是本发明标准结构件的侧面堆叠剖视图；图4是本发明标准构件、拐角构件以及调整块构件俯视图；图5是本发明结构件搭建的墙面以及插杆使用示意图；图6是本发明结构套件组合使用建房的分层使用示意图。
见图1，回收的废料(J)进入粉碎中心(A)粉碎成为5mm左右的颗粒。废料粉碎后，相对干爽的废料(L)(例如工业矿渣、建筑垃圾、农业秸秆……)将直接输送到混合搅拌中心(D)；含水分比较大的废料(K)(城市污泥、泥浆、生活垃圾……)送入干燥脱水、消杀、除臭中心(B)。在这里，物料经过600-900摄氏度的高温热风搅拌处理，全部菌体、生物将被杀灭，臭味被消除，废料的含水量将被降到8％以下。大量蒸发的高温水蒸气(I)将被送到高温蒸养窑(C)。经过粉碎以及脱水处理的废料(K/L)将根据客户的使用要求，在混合搅拌中心(D)按不同比例与不同比例的固化剂、防水剂、改性剂、阻燃剂、粘合剂充分搅拌混合后输 送到产品成形中心(E)。在产品成形中心，混合后的废料将根据用户的要求被制作成各种形状、规格的构件胚体。结构件由专用精密模具在成形中心根据不同材料比例配方以及使用目的不同，用震压机、静压机或倒模机制作而成。结构件的整个条形的中部向内缩进并高出结构件侧面的无间断整体斜面结构向上凸起，左边也相应凸出。中部凸起结构与另一结构件底部的凹结构在堆叠时扣合，结构件的右边留有凹结构，用于与另一结构件左边的凸出结构分扣合连接。在结构件的中部凸起结构分均匀分布有上下贯通的定位孔，当多块结构件堆叠起来后，用于定位、固定结构件与其它结构件的位置。胚体成形后将送往高温蒸养窑(C)。在高温蒸养窑里，胚体将逐步被高温蒸汽提高温度，蒸养8-18小时。高温蒸汽在蒸养胚体的过程中冷凝下来的蒸馏水(H)将被收集后输送到混合搅拌中心用于废料的混合搅拌。经过高温蒸养的胚体将进入饰面加工中心(G)，这里将根据用户的要求，对胚体进行整体封装以及表面装饰并包装。不合格的产品将被送还粉碎中心重新粉碎，再次加工，或送往成形中心修补。
见图2，结构件的上部有向内缩进并高出结构件侧面的无间断整体斜面凸起结构，左边也相应有凸出结构(9)。在上部凸起结构部分至下部凹结构之间均匀分布有贯通的定位孔(6)以及线管孔(7)，用于定位、固定该结构件与其他结构件的位置。结构件的右边留有凹形结构(10)，用于与另一结构件左边的凸出结构扣合连接。在结构件的两侧有装饰面(13)。
见图3，贯通上凸结构与下凹结构之间的定位孔(6)位于结构件的中间位置，以其为中心点，结构件的左右部分结构完全对称，定位孔(6)的内直径大于插杆(5)的外直径1-2毫米，从而保证了各结构件堆叠起来后，插杆(5)能将各砌块整齐紧密锁紧。当两块结构件堆叠起来后，上面的结构件的下凹结构(12)与下面的结构件的上凸结构(11)扣接后，形成横向贯通的线管槽(8)，可用于安装水管、气管、弱电、强电线管。在上结构件与下结构件之间放置有密闭垫(14)，上面的结构件用自身的重量将密闭垫压紧，形成密不透风的封闭条，保证建成的墙体具备防水、防风、隔音、保温的功能。在结构件的两侧安置有装饰面(13)，装饰面可以通过喷绘、倒模、贴膜、雕刻、粘贴或手绘的方式展示多种颜色的或彩色的、平面的或立体的木纹、石纹、砖纹、皮纹、迷彩纹或人物、照片、几何、商标图案，用户建好墙后，立即可以使用，美轮美奂，不再需要进行墙面装饰装修，节约时间，减少水泥砂浆在城市运输途中散落造成城市下水管道淤塞的情况，利国利民。
图4详细对各结构件的相关位置做了标示。最为关键的是简单明确的说明了各结构件的长度、宽度的尺寸关系。假如标准结构件的长度L是500mm，宽度W是150mm，根据该图示，我们可以很快计算出调整结构件的长度是250mm (1/2L)，宽度是150mm，左拐角的外围长度是650mm(L+W)，外围宽度是400mm(1/2L+W)，内侧长度是500mm，内侧宽度是250mm。根据我们的实际反复验证，这个科学的计算方法保证了各结构件能完美的组合成为一个房间而不需要对结构件做任何切割。
图5展示了本发明搭建墙体后的效果。从图示可以看到，各结构件上下以品字性结构搭建，上下左右的凹凸榫卯结构互相扣合，结构件中间的定位孔互相贯通，固定定位杆将上下结构件串联成为一体，与品字形搭建的结构件配合(而且连接杆的接头(15)也是按品字形结构搭配)，形成非常牢固的结构关系，可抗击强烈的物体冲击，抗震效果非常好。
图6展示了使用本发明搭建房屋的拼接效果。途中数字1表示第一层墙体结构件的拼接，2表示第二层墙体结构件的拼接，以此类推。通过本图的展示，可以看到，用本发明可以无需对结构件做任何切割就可以搭建闭合的房屋墙体，而且上下统一形成品字形扣接结构，非常牢固。具体建墙的方法是：首先建设一个牢固的平整地基或楼层板，然后将结构件按左右凹凸榫卯结构逐一平整对齐扣接(如需要粘接，应在对接的凹凸结构表面涂刷粘接涂料)，拐角部位使用拐角件搭建。完成第一层后，按同样方法将砌块按品字型搭建第二层(如需要粘接，应在对接的上下凹凸结构表面涂刷粘接涂料)，并将插杆插入对应的定位孔中，两端用1/2长度的调整结构件补齐。特别留意在搭建每层拐角部位时，左拐结构件与右拐结构件是按90°交错搭建的，并通过插杆将交错搭建的左拐结构件与右拐结构件牢固锁紧。在搭建多个房间时，左拐结构件可以根据实际需要与右拐结构件按90°、180°或270°的交错方式逐层搭建，即可实现快速干式建墙。在结构件做好保温、防水、装饰面的情况下，一次就可以完成建墙、内外墙体防水、保温、装饰的全部工序，而且墙体可以根据需要任意拆卸，重新搭建。
如希望结构件作为承重墙的使用，选用水泥、沙、石粉材料制作结构件，如希望结构件轻质，仅做隔断墙使用，结构件选用玻化微珠、陶粒、纤维布、秸秆碎沫、岩棉或其他轻质材料制作。如需要墙体带装饰面，结构件表面通过喷绘、倒模、贴膜、雕刻、粘贴或手绘方式展示多种颜色的或彩色的、平面的或立体的木纹、石纹、砖纹、皮纹、迷彩纹或人物、照片、几何、商标图案。如不计划拆卸墙体，可在砌块对接凹凸面涂刷水泥或粘接胶，也可以在建墙工地现场用水泥、结构胶、热熔塑料、环氧胶或混合材料浇铸插杆。也可以将插入定位孔的插杆用空心的金属、塑料或复合材料管材替代，将插杆同时作为水管、气管、燃气管、强电或弱电线管使用。
显然，本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例，而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说，在上述 说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而这些属于本发明的实质精神所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种环保建筑结构套件，主要包括标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构件(4)，加固定位插杆(5)，位于结构件中部、上下贯通结构件的定位孔(6)，位于结构件中部、上下贯通结构件的线管孔(7)，上下两个结构件堆叠后所形成的横向线管槽(8)，位于标准结构件左边的左凸结构(9)，位于结构件右边的右凹结构(10)，位于结构件上部的向内缩进并高出结构件侧面的无间断整体斜面上凸结构(11)，位于结构件下部中间的下凹结构(12)，位于结构件两侧的装饰面(13)，以及放置在上下两个结构件之间的密闭垫(14)，连接加固定位插杆的连接接头(15)，其主要特征在于：将标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构件(4)，加固定位插杆(5)以及连接加固定位插杆的连接接头(15)按本发明所述的方法堆叠搭建，各构件通过加固定位插杆(5)以及上下左右的凹凸结构互相紧密扣接成为一体，不用任何粘合剂、也无需对结构件做任何切割就可以搭建闭合的带装饰面以及线管线槽的品字形扣接结构房屋墙体，并可以反复拆卸、多次循环使用。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：在各结构件的上下堆叠连接部位置有密闭垫(14)。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：标准结构件(1)，左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，调整结构件(4)的两侧面或其中一侧面带有装饰面(13)。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：标准结构件(1)，调整结构件(4)可以与左拐角结构件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)，配合使用，搭建闭合的房屋墙体，也可以单独使用，搭建单一的墙体。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其加固定位插杆(5)的外径仅小于定位孔(6)的最小内径1-2毫米。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其左拐角件(2)，右拐角结构件(3)上的定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)是完全对称设立的，无论两者之间做90°、180°或270°的交错搭建，其定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)都能实现完好上下贯通。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其各结构件的尺寸关系为：标准结构件(1)长度为L，宽度为W，其左拐角结构件(2)外长度为L+W，内长度为L，外宽度为1/2L+W，内宽度为1/2L，其右拐角结构件(3)外长度为L+W，内长度为L，外宽度为1/2L+W，内宽度为1/2L，其调整结构件(4)的长度为1/2L，宽度为W，可根据以上计算公式计算得到不同宽度、不同长度的 标准结构件的对应其他结构件的主要尺寸，实现各结构件能完美的组合成为一个房间而不需要对结构件做任何切割。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：将多块结构套件堆叠建墙时，其上下之间或左右之间或上下左右之间的凹凸榫卯结构可互相扣合连接，各结构件上的定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)是对称设置，多层搭建后，定位孔(6)、线管孔(7)上下贯通，并通过加固定位插杆(5)穿过定位孔(6)将各结构件紧密串联成为一体。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：连接杆的接头(15)是按品字形结构搭配设置，将各结构件锁紧形成牢固的结构关系，可抗击强烈的物体冲击、抗震效果好。
  10. 根据权利要求1、4或7所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：插入定位孔(6)的加固定位插杆(5)可以是空心的金属、塑料或复合材料制作的管材，可同时作为水管、气管、燃气管、强电或弱电线管使用，也可以在建墙工地现场用钢筋、水泥、结构胶、热熔塑料、环氧胶或混合材料浇铸。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其装饰面(13)可通过喷绘、倒模、贴膜、雕刻、粘贴或手绘的方式展示多种颜色的或彩色的、平面的或立体的木纹、石纹、砖纹、皮纹、迷彩纹或人物、照片、几何、商标图案。
  12. 根据权利要求1、或10所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其装饰面(13)的装饰颜色、图案可以与其结构件制作为一体或分体制作后粘接为一体，也可以只做单面装饰。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其可以用污泥、废料(包括但不限于城市污泥、工业固体废料、城市生活废料、建筑废料、农作物秸秆废料)以及玻化微珠、陶粒、纤维布、植物纤维、岩棉、陶瓷、塑胶原料或玻璃纤维混合固化剂、防水剂、改性剂、阻燃剂、粘合剂制作，并通过添加钢筋、金属配件来提高强度。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：其制作方法、工艺流程是将各种固体废料通过粉碎、干燥、综合除害、除臭、混合搅拌、成形、养护、封闭固化、美饰后制作而成，具体工艺流程如下：
    (1)将固体废料(J)送入粉碎中心(A)进行粉碎(淤泥(K)除外)。
    (2)将水分大的废料(生活垃圾、城市淤泥)送入高温脱水消杀中心(B)中进行高温脱水、杀菌、除臭，消杀中心获得的大量高温水蒸气(I) 将被输送到高温蒸养窑(C)。
    (3)粉碎后的固体废料(L)以及脱水后的淤泥将按一定比例与固化剂、防水剂、改性剂、阻燃剂、粘合剂一并送入搅拌中心(D)里充分搅拌混合。
    (4)混合、搅拌后的原料送入产品成形中心(E)中制作成结构件胚料。
    (5)胚料送入高温蒸养窑(C)中进行高温蒸养，高温蒸养所产生的蒸馏水(H)将会送入搅拌中心用于混合搅拌。
    (6)结构件经过高温蒸养后将送到饰面加工中心(F)按用户所需要的饰面效果加工，必要时用合成材料将结构件整体封闭包装，以保证结构件的整体物理、化学特性长期稳定不变。
    (7)最后将成品结构件送到码垛包装中心(G)包装码垛后装车送给用户。
    (8)在码垛包装中心(G)产生的次品将送入成形中心(E)修复，废品将送入粉碎中心(A)粉碎后再次利用。
  15. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11、12、13或14所述的一种环保建筑结构套件，其特征在于：各结构件之间可涂刷防水胶、紧固胶、结构胶、水泥或其他粘接材料，将各结构件紧密的粘结成为一体。
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