WO2017135180A1 - 燃料電池集合システム、および、その運転方法 - Google Patents
燃料電池集合システム、および、その運転方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017135180A1 WO2017135180A1 PCT/JP2017/003093 JP2017003093W WO2017135180A1 WO 2017135180 A1 WO2017135180 A1 WO 2017135180A1 JP 2017003093 W JP2017003093 W JP 2017003093W WO 2017135180 A1 WO2017135180 A1 WO 2017135180A1
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- fuel cell
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- cell system
- power generation
- assembly system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/02—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen
- C01B3/32—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air
- C01B3/34—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents
- C01B3/38—Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents using catalysts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/249—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells comprising two or more groupings of fuel cells, e.g. modular assemblies
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a fuel cell assembly system in which a plurality of fuel cell systems are connected, and an operation method thereof.
- a fuel cell is a device that generates electricity and generates heat simultaneously by an electrochemical reaction between a fuel gas containing hydrogen and an oxidant gas containing oxygen.
- Fuel cells are attracting attention because of their high power generation efficiency because they can directly extract electrical energy without converting the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy.
- the load to which the fuel cell can be applied ranges from 1 kW equivalent for home use to several hundred kW for industrial use. For this reason, for example, a fuel cell assembly system in which three 1 kW fuel cells are connected in parallel is considered as a 3 kW class fuel cell system.
- a fuel cell that includes a plurality of fuel cells and a power storage device, activates a part of the plurality of fuel cells, and activates another fuel cell by using the power of the fuel cell that has been activated first.
- Aggregation systems are known.
- a fuel cell assembly system in which a part of the plurality of fuel cells is activated using the power of the power storage device and the other fuel cells are activated using the power of the previously activated fuel cell.
- the power generation outputs of the plurality of fuel cell systems are all the same. For this reason, when starting another fuel cell system with the generated power of the previously activated fuel cell system, the generated power of the previously activated fuel cell system becomes unnecessarily large, and is proportional to the generated output. The start-up power cannot be reduced.
- startup processing is possible even when there is no power supply from the system power supply, but a large-capacity power storage device for the startup power of the fuel cell with the same power generation output is secured. There is a need to.
- the present disclosure provides a fuel cell assembly system and a method for operating the fuel cell assembly system that minimizes startup power and startup time of the fuel cell assembly system, and enables cost reduction and miniaturization.
- the present disclosure is a fuel cell assembly system that includes a plurality of fuel cell systems connected in parallel and that generates power using fuel, and a controller that controls the plurality of fuel cell systems, and is connected to a system power supply.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems include a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output.
- the controller is configured to start only one fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems.
- the controller uses at least the remaining fuel cell system other than the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems, using the power generated by the fuel cell system that has been activated first and has a relatively small power generation output.
- One fuel cell system is configured to be activated.
- the present disclosure is a method of operating a fuel cell assembly system that includes a plurality of fuel cell systems connected in parallel and that generates power using fuel and is linked to a system power supply.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems include a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output.
- it has the 1st step which starts only the fuel cell system with relatively small electric power generation output among several fuel cell systems first.
- a second step of starting the battery system is provided.
- This configuration and method can minimize the start-up power and start-up time of the fuel cell assembly system, and reduce the cost and size of the fuel cell assembly system.
- the fuel cell assembly system and the operation method thereof of the present disclosure in a fuel cell assembly system in which a plurality of fuel cell systems are connected, first, only one fuel cell system having a small power generation output is activated. This makes it possible to minimize the starting power of the fuel cell system. Further, by providing a fuel cell system with a small power generation output, the fuel cell assembly system can be started in a short time, and the power supply time from the system power supply can be shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell assembly system according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell assembly system according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of a fuel cell assembly system according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- a first aspect of the present disclosure includes a plurality of fuel cell systems connected in parallel that generate power using fuel, and a controller that controls the plurality of fuel cell systems, and a fuel interconnected to a system power source It is a battery assembly system.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems include a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output.
- the controller is configured to start only a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems when starting the plurality of fuel cell systems. Further, the controller uses at least the power of the fuel cell system that has been activated first and has a relatively small power generation output, and at least a fuel cell system other than the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems.
- One fuel cell system is configured to be activated.
- the fuel cell assembly system having a plurality of fuel cell systems connected in this way, first, by starting up only one fuel cell system having a small power generation output, the starting power of the fuel cell assembly system is reduced. It can be made smaller. In addition, by providing a fuel cell system with a small power generation output, the fuel cell assembly system can be started in a short time. Thereby, it becomes possible to shorten the time for receiving power from the system power supply.
- the second aspect is the first aspect, wherein the plurality of fuel cell systems includes at least three fuel cell systems.
- the controller may be configured to first activate the fuel cell system having the smallest power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems when the plurality of fuel cell systems are activated.
- the controller prioritizes the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output when starting the plurality of fuel cell systems, and controls the power generation output. You may be comprised so that it may start one by one in order.
- controller may be configured to activate the fuel cell system that is activated second or later by using the electric power of the fuel cell system that has been activated first.
- the fuel cell system can be started in the order of the power generation output and the startup time is short, and the startup time as the fuel cell assembly system can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to provide a fuel cell assembly system with a shorter startup time.
- the fourth aspect may further include a power storage device in any one of the first aspect to the third aspect. Then, the controller uses the power of the power storage device to start the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output, which is first started when the plurality of fuel cell systems are started in the event of a power failure of the system power supply. It may be configured as follows.
- the fuel cell system can be further started using the power of the power storage device, so that the fuel cell assembly system can be started even during a power failure. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system to be activated first has a relatively small power generation output, the amount of electric power required to complete the activation is reduced. For this reason, it is possible to minimize the amount of power required for the power storage device. Therefore, the cost and size of the fuel cell assembly system can be reduced.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems includes a reformer that reforms the raw material to generate fuel, and the raw material and the fuel. And a combustor that heats the reformer by burning at least one of the above.
- the hydrogen generator of a fuel cell system with a relatively small power generation output of the fuel cell has a shorter start-up time than the hydrogen generator of the fuel cell system with a relatively large power generation output of the fuel cell. Therefore, if the fuel cell system is started in order from a short start time and a small power generation output, the start time as the fuel cell assembly system can be further shortened. Therefore, even in a fuel cell assembly system equipped with a hydrogen generator, it is possible to provide a fuel cell assembly system with a smaller startup power and a shorter startup time.
- the sixth aspect is a method of operating a fuel cell assembly system that includes a plurality of fuel cell systems connected in parallel and that generates power using fuel and is linked to a system power source.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems include a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output. And when starting a several fuel cell system, it has the 1st step which starts only the fuel cell system with relatively small electric power generation output among several fuel cell systems first. Then, at least one fuel other than the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output among the plurality of fuel cell systems using the power generated by the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output that has been started first. A second step of starting the battery system is provided.
- a method in a fuel cell assembly system in which a plurality of fuel cell systems are connected, first, only one fuel cell system having a small power generation output is started. This makes it possible to reduce the starting power of the fuel cell assembly system. In addition, by providing a fuel cell system with a small power generation output, the fuel cell assembly system can be started in a short time. Thereby, it becomes possible to shorten the time for receiving power from the system power supply.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems includes at least three fuel cell systems, and when the plurality of fuel cell systems are activated in the first step, the plurality of fuel cell systems are included.
- the fuel cell system having the smallest power generation output in the system may be activated first.
- the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output when starting the plurality of fuel cell systems, priority is given to the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output.
- One device may be activated in the order of output.
- a fuel cell system with a smaller power generation output tends to have a shorter start-up time of the fuel cell system. Therefore, when starting up a plurality of fuel cell systems, priority is given to the fuel cell system having a small power generation output, and the units are started one by one in the order of the power generation output. It becomes possible, and it becomes possible to shorten the starting time as a fuel cell assembly system.
- the fuel cell assembly system may include a power storage device. Further, in the first step, when a plurality of fuel cell systems are activated at the time of a power failure of the system power supply, a fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output to be activated first is It may be activated.
- the fuel cell assembly system can be activated even during a power failure. Furthermore, since the fuel cell system to be activated first has a relatively small power generation output, the amount of electric power required to complete the activation is reduced, so that the electric energy of the power storage device necessary for activation may be minimized. It becomes possible. Therefore, the cost and size of the fuel cell assembly system can be reduced.
- the plurality of fuel cell systems includes a reformer that reforms the raw material to generate fuel, and the raw material and the fuel. And a combustor that heats the reformer by burning at least one of the hydrogen generator.
- the hydrogen generator of a fuel cell system with a relatively small power generation output of the fuel cell has a shorter start-up time than the hydrogen generator of the fuel cell system with a relatively large power generation output of the fuel cell. Therefore, if the fuel cell system is started in order from a short start time and a small power generation output, the start time as the fuel cell assembly system can be further shortened.
- FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 includes a fuel cell system 1a, a fuel cell system 1b, and a controller 101.
- a polymer electrolyte fuel cell is used for each fuel cell (not shown) of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b. Further, since the configurations of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b are the same as those of a general fuel cell system, detailed description thereof is omitted. Fuel (hydrogen in the present embodiment) is supplied to the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b via the fuel supply unit 6.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 is connected to the system power supply 11, and a fuel cell system 1 a and a fuel cell system 1 b that generate power with fuel and oxygen-containing gas are connected in parallel in the fuel cell assembly system 100.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 receives power from the system power supply 11 by a power regulator (not shown) when the fuel cell assembly system 100 is started, and supplies power to the system power supply 11 during power generation.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell assembly system 100 is 3 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is 0.5 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1b is 2.
- Each is set to 5 kW.
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1a is 0.1 kW
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b is 0.5 kW.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to be equal to or higher than the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b. By setting the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b, the power of the fuel cell system 1a can be used when starting the fuel cell system 1b. It becomes.
- the controller 101 includes an arithmetic processing unit exemplified by a microprocessor or a CPU, and a storage unit including a memory for storing a program for executing each control operation.
- the arithmetic processing unit reads a predetermined control program stored in the storage unit and executes it. Thereby, the controller 101 processes these pieces of information and performs various controls relating to the fuel cell assembly system 100 including these controls.
- the controller 101 activates the fuel cell system 1a having a relatively small power generation output among the fuel cell systems 1a and 1b by the power of the system power supply 11. Let The maximum power required for starting up the fuel cell system 1a is 0.1 kW.
- the controller 101 When the rated power generation of the fuel cell system 1a is started, the controller 101 causes the fuel cell system 1b to start the startup operation.
- the maximum power required for starting up the fuel cell system 1b is 0.5 kW.
- the fuel cell system 1b is activated using the rated power of 0.5 kW of the fuel cell system 1a that has started power generation substantially first.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 in the fuel cell assembly system 100 to which a plurality of fuel cell systems 1a and 1b are connected, first, Only the fuel cell system 1 a is activated by the power of the system power supply 11. Thereafter, the remaining fuel cell system 1b is activated by the power of the previously activated fuel cell system 1a. As a result, the power required for starting up the fuel cell assembly system 100 can be limited to the starting power of the fuel cell system 1a, and the starting power can be reduced.
- the fuel cell system 1a having a smaller power generation output than the fuel cell system 1b, the fuel cell system 1a can be started up in a short time. As a result, the time for receiving power from the system power supply 11 can be shortened.
- the remaining fuel cell system 1b is activated using the power of the fuel cell system 1a activated earlier, the amount of power received from the system power supply 11 can be suppressed. For this reason, it becomes possible to provide the fuel cell assembly system 100 with a small start-up power and a short start-up time.
- the rated power generation outputs of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b are exemplified in modes of 0.5 kW and 2.5 kW, respectively.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this example. If the rated power generation output of the fuel cell system 1a is configured to be a minimum rated power output that can start the fuel cell system 1b, the rated power generation is possible. It is not limited to output, and any mode may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 includes a fuel cell system 1a, a fuel cell system 1b, a fuel cell system 1c, and a controller 101. .
- the fuel cells (not shown) of the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c polymer electrolyte fuel cells are used.
- the configurations of the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c are the same as those of a general fuel cell system, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
- Fuel (hydrogen in the present embodiment) is supplied to each of the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c via the fuel supply unit 6.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 is connected to the system power supply 11 and generates power using fuel and oxygen-containing gas.
- the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c are parallel in the fuel cell assembly system 100. It is connected to the.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 receives power from the system power supply 11 by a power regulator (not shown) when the fuel cell assembly system 100 is started, and supplies power to the system power supply 11 during power generation.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell assembly system 100 is 16 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is 1 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1b is 5 kW
- the rated power generation output of the battery system 1c is set to 10 kW, respectively.
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1a is 0.2 kW
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b is 1 kW
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1c is 2 kW. is there.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b.
- the sum of the rated power output of each of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b is set to a power larger than the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1c.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b.
- the sum of the rated power generation outputs of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b is set to be larger than the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1c. Accordingly, the power of the fuel cell system 1a can be used for starting the fuel cell system 1b, and the power of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b can be used for starting the fuel cell system 1c. It is.
- the controller 101 starts the fuel cell system 1a having the smallest power generation output among the fuel cell systems 1a, 1b, and 1c by the power of the system power supply 11. Let The maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1a is 0.2 kW.
- the controller 101 starts the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 1b having the second smallest generated power among the fuel cell systems 1a, 1b, and 1c.
- the maximum power required for starting up the fuel cell system 1b is 1 kW, and the fuel cell system 1b is started up using the 1 kW rated power of the fuel cell system 1a that has substantially started power generation first.
- the controller 101 starts the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 1c having the third smallest generated power among the fuel cell systems 1a, 1b, and 1c.
- the maximum power required for starting up the fuel cell system 1c is 2 kW, and the fuel cell system 1c is started up using the rated power of 6 kW in total, which is the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b that have started power generation substantially first. Is done.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 in the fuel cell assembly system 100 to which a plurality of fuel cell systems 1a, 1b, and 1c are connected, first, one fuel having the smallest power generation output is provided. Only the battery system 1 a is activated by the power of the system power supply 11. Thereafter, the fuel cell system 1b having the second smallest generated power is activated by the power of the fuel cell system 1a activated first. Then, the fuel cell system 1c having the third smallest generated power is activated by the power of the fuel cell system 1a activated first and the fuel cell system 1b activated second.
- the power required for starting the fuel cell collective system 100 from the system power supply 11 is only the starting power of the fuel cell system 1a, and the starting power can be minimized.
- the fuel cell systems 1a, 1b, and 1c can be activated in the order of decreasing power generation output and activation time, and the activation time as the fuel cell assembly system 100 can be shortened. Therefore, it is possible to realize the fuel cell assembly system 100 that has a smaller startup power and a shorter startup time.
- the rated power generation output of each of the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c is exemplified using the 1 kW, 5 kW, and 10 kW modes. It is not limited. As long as the total rated power output of the fuel cell systems that are started up in sequence is configured to be the minimum rated power output that can start the next fuel cell system, it is not limited to this rated power output. Any mode may be used.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure has the same basic configuration as the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the first embodiment, but the power storage device 9 is included in the fuel cell system 1a. Different locations are provided.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 is connected to the system power supply 11 and generates power with fuel and oxygen-containing gas.
- a fuel cell system 1a and a fuel cell system 1b are connected in parallel in the fuel cell assembly system 100. .
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 receives power from the power storage device 9 and the system power supply 11 by a power regulator (not shown) when the fuel cell assembly system 100 is started, and to the power storage device 9 and the system power supply 11 during power generation. Supply power.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell assembly system 100 is 3 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is 0.5 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1b is 2.5 kW
- the power storage device 9 Is set to be 0.1 kWh.
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1a is 0.1 kW
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b is 0.5 kW until the start of the fuel cell systems 1a and 1b is completed.
- the maximum amount of power required for each is 0.05 kWh and 0.25 kWh at maximum.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to be equal to or higher than the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b. By setting the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b, the power of the fuel cell system 1a can be used when starting the fuel cell system 1b. It has become.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 includes a fuel cell system 1a, a fuel cell system 1b, a fuel supply unit 6, a power storage device 9, and a controller 101. It has.
- the power storage device 9 is provided with the amount of power required to start the fuel cell system 1a, and the power storage device 9 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure is configured by a secondary battery.
- the controller 101 uses the electric power from the power storage device 9 to select the fuel cell system 1a having a relatively small power generation output among the fuel cell systems 1a and 1b. Start. Since the amount of electric power required to complete the start-up of the fuel cell system 1a is 0.05 kWh, the start-up process of the fuel cell system 1a can be completed using the stored power amount 0.1 kWh of the power storage device 9.
- the controller 101 When rated power generation by the fuel cell system 1a is started, the controller 101 causes the fuel cell system 1b to start a startup operation.
- the maximum power required to start the fuel cell system 1b is 0.5 kW, and the fuel cell system 1b is started up using the rated power of 0.5 kW of the fuel cell system 1a that has substantially started power generation first.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 in the fuel cell assembly system 100 to which a plurality of fuel cell systems 1a and 1b are connected, first, Only the fuel cell system 1 a is activated by the electric power from the power storage device 9. Thereafter, the remaining fuel cell system 1b is activated by the power of the previously activated fuel cell system 1a, so that the fuel cell assembly system 100 can be activated even during a power failure.
- the fuel cell system 1a having a relatively small power generation output requires a small amount of electric power to complete the start-up. For this reason, it becomes possible to make small the electrical storage capacity of the electrical storage apparatus 9 required for starting. Therefore, it is possible to provide the fuel cell assembly system 100 with a small starting power, and to reduce the cost and size of the fuel cell assembly system 100.
- the configuration including the power storage device 9 enables the fuel cell system 1a to be started with a minimum power storage capacity, and thus the cost and size of the fuel cell assembly system 100 can be reduced.
- the rated power generation outputs of the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b are 0.5 kW and 2.5 kW, respectively, and the stored power amount of the power storage device 9 is 0.1 kWh.
- the present disclosure is not limited to this embodiment. If the fuel cell system 1a can be started by the stored power of the power storage device 9, and the power generation output of the fuel cell system 1a is configured to be a minimum power generation output capable of starting the fuel cell system 1b.
- the present invention is not limited to the power generation output described above, and any mode may be used.
- the power storage device 9 has been exemplified as being connected to the outside of the fuel cell system 1a, the present disclosure is not limited to this example.
- the configuration of the power storage device 9 is not limited to this as long as it can be used as the starting power of the fuel cell system 1a, and may be provided inside the fuel cell system 1a.
- FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing a schematic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the basic configuration of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as that of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the fuel cell systems 1 a and 1 b are different from each other in that hydrogen generators 3 a and 3 b are provided, and the fuel cell assembly system 100 includes the power supply source switching device 10.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 is connected to the system power supply 11 and generates power using fuel and oxygen-containing gas.
- the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b are connected to the power supply source switching device in the fuel cell assembly system 100. 10 are connected in parallel.
- the fuel cell assembly system 100 receives power from the system power supply 11 by a power regulator (not shown) when the fuel cell assembly system 100 is started, and supplies power to the system power supply 11 during power generation.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell assembly system 100 is set to 5 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to 2 kW
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1b is set to 3 kW.
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1a is 1.4 kW
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b is 2 kW.
- the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a is set to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b. By setting the rated power output of the fuel cell system 1a to the same power as the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b, the power of the fuel cell system 1a can be used when starting the fuel cell system 1b. It has become.
- a fuel cell assembly system 100 includes a fuel cell system 1a, a fuel cell system 1b, a fuel cell 2a, a fuel cell 2b, a hydrogen generator 3a, hydrogen A generator 3b, a power supply source switching device 10, and a controller 101 are provided.
- the fuel cell system 1a and the fuel cell system 1b include a hydrogen generator 3a and a hydrogen generator 3b, respectively, as shown in FIG.
- the hydrogen generator 3a and the hydrogen generator 3b are each provided with a fuel supply capability necessary for the fuel cell 2a and the fuel cell 2b to generate electric power.
- a raw material (city gas in the present embodiment) is supplied to the hydrogen generator 3 a and the hydrogen generator 3 b via the raw material supply unit 7.
- the hydrogen generators 3a and 3b have reformers 4a and 4b and combustors 5a and 5b for heating the reformers 4a and 4b, respectively.
- the reformers 4a and 4b are configured to generate a hydrogen-containing gas that is a fuel containing hydrogen by causing a reforming reaction between the raw material gas and water.
- the hydrogen-containing gas produced by the reformers 4a and 4b is supplied to the anodes of the fuel cells 2a and 2b, respectively.
- a raw material supply unit 7 and a water supply unit 8 are connected to the reformers 4a and 4b of the hydrogen generators 3a and 3b.
- the raw material supply unit 7 is configured to supply a raw material gas which is a raw material in a gaseous state to the reformers 4a and 4b while adjusting the flow rate thereof.
- the raw material supply part 7 can be comprised with a flow regulating valve and a pump, for example (not shown).
- the off-hydrogen containing gas path which connects the fuel cells 2a, 2b and the combustors 5a, 5b is connected to the combustors 5a, 5b.
- the combustors 5a and 5b burn off-hydrogen containing gas, which is fuel gas discharged from the fuel cells 2a and 2b, via the off-hydrogen containing gas path to generate off-burning gas.
- the combustors 5a and 5b may be configured to heat the reformers 4a and 4b by burning at least one of the raw material gas and the fuel gas.
- the off-combustion gas generated by the combustors 5a and 5b of the hydrogen generators 3a and 3b is heated to the reformers 4a and 4b, and then discharged to the off-combustion gas path to be out of the fuel cell assembly system 100. (Not shown).
- the water supplier 8 supplies water necessary for the steam reforming reaction to the reformers 4a and 4b.
- the water supplier 8 is configured to supply water to the reformers 4a and 4b while adjusting the flow rate thereof.
- the controller 101 controls the power supply source switching unit 10 so that power is supplied from the system power supply 11 to the fuel cell system 1a, and the fuel cell system 1a. , 1b, the fuel cell system 1a having a relatively small power generation output is activated by the power of the system power supply 11.
- the maximum power required for starting up the fuel cell system 1a is 1.4 kW.
- the power from the system power supply 11 is disconnected by the signal from the controller 101, and the power is supplied from the fuel cell system 1a to the fuel cell system 1b.
- the supply source switch 10 is controlled. Then, the start-up operation of the fuel cell system 1b is started by the 2 kW rated power of the fuel cell system 1a.
- the maximum power required for starting the fuel cell system 1b is 2 kW, and the fuel cell system 1b is started up using the 2 kW rated power of the fuel cell system 1a that has substantially started power generation first.
- the power supply source switch 10 is set so that the 3kW rated power generation by the fuel cell system 1b is started and power is supplied from the fuel cell collective system 100 to the system power supply 11. Be controlled. Then, the controller 101 controls the operation of the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the load.
- the same operational effects as the fuel cell assembly system 100 according to the first embodiment are exhibited. Furthermore, in the fuel cell system including the hydrogen generators 3a and 3b whose start-up time varies greatly depending on the power generation output of the fuel cell, it is possible to start the fuel cell system 1a with a short start-up time and a small power generation output in order. Thus, the startup time of the fuel cell assembly system 100 can be shortened.
- the fuel cells of the fuel cell system 1a, the fuel cell system 1b, and the fuel cell system 1c are exemplified as polymer electrolyte fuel cells, but the present disclosure is limited to this. Not. Various fuel cells such as a direct internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell and an indirect internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell can be used.
- the aspect of the fuel cell assembly system 100 in which a plurality of fuel cell systems are connected is illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited to this.
- an aspect of the fuel cell assembly system 100 configured by connecting a plurality of fuel cells may be used.
- the power may be supplied to the system power supply 11 when at least one of the plurality of fuel cell systems is started.
- the controller 101 may be in any form as long as it is a device that controls each device constituting the fuel cell assembly system 100.
- the controller 101 is not limited to an aspect configured by a single controller, but may be an aspect configured by a controller group in which a plurality of controllers cooperate to execute control of the fuel cell assembly system 100. Absent.
- the controller 101 may be configured by a microcomputer, and may be configured by an MPU, a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), a logic circuit, or the like.
- the power storage device 9 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure has been illustrated as a secondary battery, the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
- the aspect comprised from at least 1 among the battery for vehicles, a dry cell, etc. may be sufficient.
- the fuel cell assembly system of the present disclosure in the fuel cell assembly system in which a plurality of fuel cell systems are connected, first, by starting only the fuel cell system having a relatively small power generation output, It is possible to minimize the startup power and startup time of the fuel cell assembly system.
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Abstract
Description
[燃料電池集合システムの構成]
図1は、本開示の第1の実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システムの概略構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の起動動作について、図1を参照しながら説明する。なお、燃料電池集合システム100における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池集合システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略される。
[燃料電池集合システムの構成]
図2は、本開示の第2の実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の概略構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の起動動作について、図2を参照しながら説明する。なお、燃料電池集合システム100における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池集合システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略される。
[燃料電池集合システムの構成]
図3は、本開示の第3の実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の概略構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の起動動作について、図3を参照しながら説明する。なお、燃料電池集合システム100における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池集合システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略される。
[燃料電池集合システムの構成]
図4は、本開示の第4の実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の概略構成を模式的に示すブロック図である。
次に、本実施の形態に係る燃料電池集合システム100の起動動作について、図4を参照しながら説明する。なお、燃料電池集合システム100における発電動作は、一般的な燃料電池集合システムの発電動作と同様に行われるので、その詳細な説明は省略される。
1b 燃料電池システム
1c 燃料電池システム
2a 燃料電池
2b 燃料電池
3a 水素生成器
3b 水素生成器
4a 改質器
4b 改質器
5a 燃焼器
5b 燃焼器
6 燃料供給部
7 原料供給部
8 水供給器
9 蓄電装置
10 電力供給源切替器
11 系統電源
100 燃料電池集合システム
101 制御器
Claims (10)
- 燃料を用いて発電を行う、並列に接続された複数の燃料電池システムと、前記複数の燃料電池システムを制御する制御器とを備え、系統電源に連系する燃料電池集合システムであって、
前記複数の燃料電池システムには、相対的に発電出力の小さい燃料電池システムが含まれており、
前記制御器は、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、まず、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムのみを起動させるように構成されているとともに、
先に起動させた、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムによる電力を用いて、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システム以外の、少なくとも1台の前記燃料電池システムを起動させるように構成された、
燃料電池集合システム。 - 前記複数の燃料電池システムは、少なくとも3台の前記燃料電池システムを含み、
前記制御器は、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内で、最も発電出力の小さい燃料電池システムを最初に起動させるように構成された、
請求項1に記載の燃料電池集合システム。 - 前記制御器は、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムを優先して、発電出力の順に、1台ずつ起動させるように構成されるとともに、
前記制御器は、2番目以降に起動させる前記燃料電池システムを、先に起動させた前記燃料電池システムによる電力を用いて、起動させるように構成された、
請求項2に記載の燃料電池集合システム。 - 蓄電装置を、さらに備え、
前記制御器は、前記系統電源の停電時に、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、最初に起動させる、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムを、前記蓄電装置の電力を用いて起動させるように構成された、
請求項1から請求項3までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池集合システム。 - 前記複数の燃料電池システムは、それぞれ、原料を改質して前記燃料を生成する改質器と、前記原料および前記燃料の少なくともいずれかを燃焼させて、前記改質器を加熱する燃焼器と、を有する水素生成器を備えた、
請求項1から請求項4までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池集合システム。 - 燃料を用いて発電を行う、並列に接続された複数の燃料電池システムを備え、系統電源に連系する燃料電池集合システムの運転方法であって、
前記複数の燃料電池システムには、相対的に発電出力の小さい燃料電池システムが含まれており、
複数の前記燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、まず、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムのみを起動させる第1のステップと、
先に起動させた、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムによる電力を用いて、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システム以外の、少なくとも1台の前記燃料電池システムを起動させる第2のステップとを備えた、
燃料電池集合システムの運転方法。 - 前記複数の燃料電池システムは、少なくとも3台の前記燃料電池システムを含み、前記第1のステップにおいて、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、前記複数の燃料電池システムの内で、最も発電出力の小さい燃料電池システムを最初に起動させる、
請求項6に記載の燃料電池集合システムの運転方法。 - 前記第1のステップにおいて、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムを優先して、発電出力の順に1台ずつ起動させる、
請求項7に記載の燃料電池集合システムの運転方法。 - 前記燃料電池集合システムは、蓄電装置を備え、
前記第1のステップにおいて、前記系統電源の停電時に、前記複数の燃料電池システムを起動させるときに、最初に起動させる、前記相対的に発電出力の小さい前記燃料電池システムを、前記蓄電装置の電力を用いて起動させる、
請求項6から請求項8までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池集合システムの運転方法。 - 前記複数の燃料電池システムは、それぞれ、原料を改質して前記燃料を生成する改質器と、前記原料および前記燃料の少なくともいずれかを燃焼させて、前記改質器を加熱する燃焼器と、を有する水素生成器を備えた、
請求項6から請求項9までのいずれか1項に記載の燃料電池集合システムの運転方法。
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