WO2017134742A1 - 冷媒圧縮装置および冷凍装置 - Google Patents
冷媒圧縮装置および冷凍装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017134742A1 WO2017134742A1 PCT/JP2016/053061 JP2016053061W WO2017134742A1 WO 2017134742 A1 WO2017134742 A1 WO 2017134742A1 JP 2016053061 W JP2016053061 W JP 2016053061W WO 2017134742 A1 WO2017134742 A1 WO 2017134742A1
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- Prior art keywords
- refrigerant
- oil
- compressor
- electrode
- oil concentration
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
- F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
- F04B39/0261—Hermetic compressors with an auxiliary oil pump
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/28—Safety arrangements; Monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0207—Lubrication with lubrication control systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
- F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C23/008—Hermetic pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/02—Lubrication; Lubricant separation
- F04C29/026—Lubricant separation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/02—Lubrication
- F04B39/0223—Lubrication characterised by the compressor type
- F04B39/023—Hermetic compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2240/00—Components
- F04C2240/80—Other components
- F04C2240/81—Sensor, e.g. electronic sensor for control or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/24—Level of liquid, e.g. lubricant or cooling liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C2270/00—Control; Monitoring or safety arrangements
- F04C2270/86—Detection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a refrigerant compression apparatus and a refrigeration apparatus, and more particularly to a refrigerant compression apparatus including a compressor that compresses a refrigerant and a refrigeration apparatus including the refrigerant compression apparatus.
- this scroll compressor when the refrigerant gas is sucked into the shell from the suction pipe, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the compression mechanism portion constituted by the fixed scroll and the swing scroll disposed at the upper part in the shell.
- torque is generated in the stator and the rotor that constitute the electric mechanism portion disposed below the compression mechanism portion, and is coupled to the swing scroll.
- the main spindle rotates.
- the orbiting scroll coupled to the main shaft rotates, and the refrigerant gas sucked into the compression mechanism portion is compressed in cooperation with the fixed scroll.
- the compressed refrigerant gas is discharged out of the shell through the discharge pipe.
- the refrigerating machine oil staying at the bottom of the shell is sucked by the positive displacement pump by the rotation of the main shaft, and is lubricated and lubricated to each bearing through the oil supply passage in the main shaft.
- the supplied refrigerating machine oil descends in the shell and stays at the bottom of the shell again.
- a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the mixed liquid and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure in the shell are provided in the compressor, and the oil concentration is estimated based on the temperature of the mixed liquid. A method has been proposed. Then, when the estimated oil concentration exceeds the reference value, the operation of the compressor is controlled.
- the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil is detected by visual observation, so that there is a great individual difference among workers. Therefore, it is difficult to accurately detect the liquid level. Furthermore, since the range of the visible height is determined by the size of the sight glass, it is necessary to provide a large sight glass according to the amount of fluctuation when the fluctuation of the liquid level of the refrigerating machine oil is large.
- Patent Document 2 describes a detection device applicable to a compressor, in which a capacitive oil sensor formed of a pair of parallel plate electrodes is disposed in the vicinity of an oil surface of an oil reservoir upper layer portion. .
- the oil level height of the oil sump and the oil concentration in the mixed liquid are calculated based on the capacitance detected by the capacitance type oil sensor to control the operation of the compressor. It is possible to protect against depletion of the bearing and insufficient lubrication of sliding parts such as bearings.
- Patent Document 3 discloses an oil detection applicable to a compressor in which a capacitive oil sensor in which a double cylindrical electrode is formed in a flat shape is disposed in the vicinity of an oil suction port of an oil pump. An apparatus is described. With this oil detection device, it is possible to detect the oil concentration in consideration of the presence or absence of the oil surface and the penetration of the liquid refrigerant into the oil. In particular, the oil concentration can be detected even in a state where the refrigerant is actually pumped up from the oil pump by the two-layer separation of the oil generated when the alternative refrigerant is used.
- this detection device has a structure in which an electrode is added to the power supply terminal, and the electrode portion is supported in a cantilevered manner on the pin of the power supply terminal.
- an electrode is added to the power supply terminal, and the electrode portion is supported in a cantilevered manner on the pin of the power supply terminal.
- it is necessary to reduce the area of the electrode portion that receives fluid force. is there.
- the detectable capacitance is reduced, so that the detection accuracy is further lowered.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a refrigerant compression device and a refrigeration device capable of improving the detection accuracy of the oil concentration in the mixed liquid. To do.
- a refrigerant compression device is provided in a compression mechanism portion that compresses refrigerant, an electric mechanism portion that drives the compression mechanism portion, a shell that houses the compression mechanism portion and the electric mechanism portion, and the shell.
- a compressor having a retention part for retaining a liquid mixture containing at least a refrigerating machine oil and an electrode disposed in the retention part and facing an inner surface of the shell, and facing the electrode and the electrode
- a relative dielectric constant detection unit that detects a relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid existing between the shells, and detects an oil concentration indicating a ratio of the refrigerating machine oil in the mixed liquid.
- An oil concentration detection unit and a control unit that controls at least one of the operation of the compressor and the refrigerant flow rate of the refrigerant circuit to which the compressor is connected based on the detected oil concentration.
- the present invention by detecting the relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid based on the capacitance between the cylindrical electrode provided in the staying portion and the shell of the compressor, The oil concentration detection accuracy can be improved.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section when an example of the compressor 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is viewed from the front.
- the example of FIG. 1 shows a case where a scroll compressor is used as the compressor 1.
- the compressor 1 includes a shell 2 that is a sealed container, a suction pipe 3 that sucks refrigerant gas, a discharge pipe 4 that discharges compressed refrigerant gas, a sealing terminal 5, a retention portion 6, and a fixed scroll. 11 and an orbiting scroll 12, a compression mechanism portion 13 constituted by a rocking scroll 12, an electric mechanism portion 16 constituted by a stator 14 and a rotor 15, a main shaft 17 having an oil supply passage 20 formed therein, a main bearing portion 18 a and a sub bearing.
- the part 18b, the oil pump 19, and the cylindrical electrode 30 are included.
- the shell 2 is formed in a cylindrical shape by a conductive member such as metal.
- the shape of the shell 2 may be, for example, a cylindrical shape with a circular cross section when viewed from the upper surface, or a rectangular tube shape with a rectangular cross section.
- the sealing terminal 5 is fixed to the shell 2 by a method capable of ensuring sealing performance with respect to the outside such as welding.
- the sealed terminal 5 is provided with a power source power line for supplying power to the stator 14 and a plurality of terminals for taking out the connection line of the thermal protector to the outside of the shell 2.
- the electrode connection line connected to the cylindrical electrode 30 mentioned later is connected to this terminal.
- the retention part 6 is provided at the bottom of the shell 2 and retains a mixed liquid of at least the refrigerating machine oil and the liquid refrigerant mixed with the refrigerant gas flowing into the suction pipe 3 including the refrigerating machine oil. is there.
- the compression mechanism unit 13 is disposed in the upper part of the shell 2 and compresses the refrigerant sucked from the suction pipe 3.
- the compression mechanism unit 13 includes a fixed scroll 11 and a swing scroll 12.
- the fixed scroll 11 is fixed to a guide frame fixed to the shell 2, and plate-like spiral teeth are formed on the lower surface side.
- the orbiting scroll 12 is joined to a main shaft 17 to be described later, and plate-like spiral teeth having the same shape as the plate-like spiral teeth of the fixed scroll 11 are formed on the upper surface.
- the plate-like spiral teeth of the fixed scroll 11 and the plate-like spiral teeth of the orbiting scroll 12 are combined so as to mesh with each other, and the compression chamber whose volume changes relatively between the two plate-like spiral teeth. Is formed.
- the electric mechanism unit 16 is disposed below the compression mechanism unit 13 and drives the compression mechanism unit 13.
- the electric mechanism unit 16 includes a stator 14 and a rotor 15.
- the stator 14 is disposed outside the rotor 15 and has a coil wound around it.
- the rotor 15 is disposed inside the stator 14.
- a main shaft 17 is joined to the inside of the rotor 15.
- the main shaft 17 is joined at one end, which is the upper side, to the orbiting scroll 12, and the other end, which is the lower side, is joined to the rotor 15, and is driven by the electric mechanism unit 16 to rotationally drive the orbiting scroll 12.
- One end of the main shaft 17 is supported by the main bearing portion 18a, and the other end is supported by the auxiliary bearing portion 18b.
- the oil pump 19 is a positive displacement pump and is disposed in the staying portion 6.
- the oil pump 19 sucks up the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 from the suction port 19a provided on the bottom surface side of the shell 2, and has a compression mechanism portion having a sliding portion via an oil supply passage 20 formed in the main shaft 17. 13 is supplied.
- the oil pump 19 and the oil supply passage 20 constitute an oil supply means.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and is disposed on the upper side of the auxiliary bearing portion 18 b in the staying portion 6, and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical electrode 30 faces the inner surface of the shell 2. Has been placed. Further, an electrode connection line is connected to the cylindrical electrode 30, and this electrode connection line is connected to the sealing terminal 5.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 may be, for example, a cylindrical shape having a circular cross section when viewed from the upper surface. Although details will be described later, since the cylindrical electrode 30 is fixed to the lower portion of the stator 14, the cylindrical electrode 30 has a cross-sectional shape that can be easily fixed to the stator 14. It is good also as the rectangular tube shape made into the polygon of the same number as the pole number of 14.
- cylindrical electrode 30 is used as an electrode
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- a flat electrode or the like may be used.
- the sealing terminal 5 is provided on the lower side of the shell 2, in order to secure an insulation distance from the sealing terminal 5, such a cross-section is C-shaped, a semicircular cross-sectional shape is annular, and the like. It is preferable to use an electrode that does not.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is for measuring the dielectric properties of the liquid mixture existing between the electrode and the inner wall of the shell 2 facing the electrode.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is attached in the shell 2 so as not to be in electrical contact with other conductive parts constituting the compressor 1 in order to measure the dielectric properties of the mixed liquid. A detailed mounting structure of the cylindrical electrode 30 will be described later.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 uses the shell 2 as an outer electrode of the conventional double cylindrical electrode in Patent Document 3 described in the section of the background art, for example. Thereby, the diameter of the cylindrical electrode 30 can be made larger than before. The height of the cylindrical electrode 30 is also made higher than before.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the refrigerant compression apparatus including the compressor 1 of FIG.
- the refrigerant compression device 100 includes a compressor 1 and a control device 45.
- the control device 45 controls the operation of the compressor 1 and the entire refrigerant circuit to which the compressor 1 is connected, and detects the oil concentration of the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 of the compressor 1.
- the control device 45 includes a relative dielectric constant detection unit 40, an oil concentration detection unit 41, and a control unit 42.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 is configured by, for example, an LCR meter that measures parameters of an electronic component, and a terminal to which an electrode connection line from the cylindrical electrode 30 is connected among the plurality of terminals in the shell 2 and the sealed terminal 5. And are connected.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 is based on the capacitance determined in advance by the distance between the shell 2 and the cylindrical electrode 30 and the surface area of the cylindrical electrode 30, and the relative dielectric constant of the liquid mixture retained in the retention unit 6. Is detected.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 is connected to the oil concentration detection unit 41 and supplies information indicating the detected relative dielectric constant to the oil concentration detection unit 41.
- the specific example of the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 is not limited to the LCR meter.
- the capacitance based on the voltage value and the current value, and the calculation of the relative dielectric constant of the liquid mixture based on the capacitance are performed. You may comprise by hardwares, such as a circuit device to implement
- the oil concentration detection unit 41 is connected to the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 and detects the oil concentration indicating the ratio of the refrigerating machine oil in the mixed liquid based on the relative dielectric constant detected by the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40.
- the oil concentration detection unit 41 is connected to the control unit 42 and supplies information indicating the detected oil concentration to the control unit 42.
- the oil concentration detection unit 41 includes a storage unit 41a that stores oil concentration information indicating the relationship between the relative dielectric constant and the oil concentration in the mixed liquid.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of oil concentration information indicating the relationship between the relative permittivity and the oil concentration.
- the oil concentration information is a table in which the relative dielectric constant and the oil concentration are associated with each other, or the graph shown in FIG. For example, when the oil concentration information is a graph shown in FIG. 3, the oil concentration corresponding to the relative dielectric constant detected by the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 can be detected from this graph.
- the relationship between the relative permittivity and the oil concentration indicated by the oil concentration information varies depending on the type of refrigerant and refrigerating machine oil used. For this reason, it is necessary to measure these relationships in advance through experiments and store them in the storage unit 41a.
- the oil concentration detection accuracy can be improved by detecting the oil concentration of the liquid mixture using the information indicating the noise.
- the control unit 42 includes, for example, software executed on a computing device such as a microcomputer or a CPU (Central Processing Unit), hardware such as a circuit device that realizes oil concentration detection processing described later, and the like. Based on the information indicating the oil concentration received from the oil concentration detection unit 41, the control unit 42 controls the compressor 1 according to the oil concentration in the mixed liquid.
- a computing device such as a microcomputer or a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- hardware such as a circuit device that realizes oil concentration detection processing described later, and the like.
- control unit 42 includes a storage unit 42a that stores a first concentration and a second concentration as threshold values set in advance with respect to the oil concentration in the mixed liquid.
- the first concentration is a concentration at which the oil concentration in the mixed liquid is extremely low, and it is difficult for the control unit 42 to lubricate the sliding portion and the compressor 1 may be damaged.
- the first density is set to 20%, for example.
- the second concentration is a concentration at which the oil concentration in the mixed liquid is low and the control unit 42 determines that it is difficult to sufficiently lubricate the sliding portion, and is a value larger than the first concentration. Is set.
- the second density is set to 50%, for example.
- the set values of the first and second concentrations are not limited to this example, and can be appropriately set according to, for example, the specifications of the compressor 1 actually used, the physical properties of the refrigerating machine oil and the refrigerant, and the like.
- the control unit 42 compares the oil concentration indicated by the information received from the oil concentration detection unit 41 with the first and second concentrations, and the circuit to which the refrigerant compression device 100 or the refrigerant compression device 100 is applied according to the comparison result. Controls various devices in Specifically, for example, when the oil concentration in the mixed liquid is equal to or lower than the first concentration, the control unit 42 performs control to stop the operation of the compressor 1. When the oil concentration is equal to or lower than the second concentration, the control unit 42 performs control for reducing the amount of liquid refrigerant that returns to the compressor 1, that is, the amount of liquid back.
- control unit 42 detects the liquid level of the liquid mixture based on the oil concentration indicated by the information received from the oil concentration detection unit 41.
- a part of the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction pipe 3 flows into the bottom side in the shell 2.
- the liquid level of the liquid mixture staying in the staying part 6 does not reach the cylindrical electrode 30, that is, when the liquid surface height of the liquid mixture is less than the lower end of the cylindrical electrode 30, the liquid flows.
- the refrigerant gas exists between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 detects the relative dielectric constant of the refrigerant gas, not the mixed liquid.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 detects the relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid.
- the relative dielectric constants of the liquid mixture and the refrigerant gas are greatly different. Therefore, the value of the oil concentration in the mixed liquid detected based on the relative dielectric constant is greatly different.
- the control part 42 can detect the liquid level height of a liquid mixture.
- the control unit 42 determines that there is no mixed liquid between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2 based on the oil concentration, the liquid level of the mixed liquid in the staying unit 6 is increased. Is determined to be at least less than the lower end of the cylindrical electrode 30. Further, when the control unit 42 determines that the mixed liquid exists between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2, the control unit 42 determines that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is at least equal to or higher than the lower end of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- FIG. 1 shows a first example of attachment of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- a similar non-conductive member is provided on a stator insulating member 14 a formed at a lower portion of the stator 14 and formed of a non-conductive member such as a resin material.
- One or a plurality of electrode support members 31 formed are provided.
- the upper end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30 is sandwiched by the electrode support member 31 and fixed so as to support the cylindrical electrode 30. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- stator insulation member 14a was previously formed in the shape which can support the cylindrical electrode 30, and the stator insulation member 14a was integrated with the electrode support member 31. You may form in a shape.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating a second attachment example of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG.
- the second attachment example one or a plurality of pedestals 32 for attaching the cylindrical electrode 30 to the shell 2 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2. Then, the cylindrical electrode 30 is attached to the pedestal 32 via a non-conductive member 33 such as a resin material. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a third attachment example of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the cylindrical electrode 30 so as to sandwich the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- One or more pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2.
- the electrode support member 31 which supported the cylindrical electrode 30 with respect to this base 32 is fixed. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a fourth example of attachment of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the cylindrical electrode 30 so as to sandwich the lower end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- one or a plurality of pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the auxiliary bearing portion 18 b, and the electrode support members 31 are fixed on the pedestals 32. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 can be prevented from coming into contact with conductive parts in the shell 2. .
- the electrode support member 31 and the pedestal 32 may have, for example, a shape that extends entirely along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- a shape having a length along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical electrode 30 may be provided, and the plurality of electrode support members 31 and the pedestals 32 may be provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the attachment method of the cylindrical electrode 30 is not limited to the methods shown in the first to fourth attachment examples, and for example, a plurality of these attachment methods may be combined. However, in such a case, it is necessary to consider workability and cost when assembling the compressor 1.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a refrigeration apparatus to which the refrigerant compression apparatus 100 of FIG. 2 can be applied.
- the refrigeration apparatus 50 includes a compressor 1 provided in a refrigerant compression apparatus 100 that compresses refrigerant, a heat source side heat exchanger 51 that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant and an external fluid, and refrigerant.
- An expansion valve 52 for depressurizing and expanding a use side heat exchanger 53 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and an external fluid, a throttle device 54 for controlling the flow rate of the refrigerant, a flow meter 55 for measuring the flow rate of the refrigerant, and the compressor 1 And a control device 45 for controlling the opening degree of the expansion device 54. Then, the compressor 1, the heat source side heat exchanger 51, the expansion valve 52, and the use side heat exchanger 53 are sequentially connected by the refrigerant pipe 56, and a refrigerant circuit in which the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant pipe 56 is configured.
- bypass pipe 57 is connected between the refrigerant pipe 56 between the heat source side heat exchanger 51 and the expansion valve 52 and the refrigerant pipe 56 between the use side heat exchanger 53 and the compressor 1, and bypass A throttle device 54 and a flow meter 55 are connected to the pipe 57 to form a bypass circuit.
- the bypass circuit is provided to adjust the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1, and is used, for example, when the control unit 42 described above performs control to reduce the liquid back amount with respect to the compressor 1.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 1 and is discharged from the compressor 1 as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
- the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 51 functioning as a condenser, and heat is exchanged with an external fluid such as air or water to condense it while dissipating heat. It becomes a high-pressure liquid refrigerant in a state and flows out from the heat source side heat exchanger 51.
- the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 51 is expanded and depressurized by the expansion valve 52 to become a low-temperature low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and flows into the use-side heat exchanger 53 that functions as an evaporator.
- the low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the use-side heat exchanger 53 cools the room air by exchanging heat with the indoor air and absorbs and evaporates, thereby becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant.
- Out of the vessel 53 The low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flowing out from the use-side heat exchanger 53 is sucked into the compressor 1.
- the control unit 42 when the oil concentration in the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 of the compressor 1 is lower than a preset concentration, the control unit 42 performs control to reduce the liquid back amount with respect to the compressor 1 described above. .
- the control unit 42 controls the amount of refrigerant flowing through the bypass circuit by adjusting the opening degree of the expansion device 54 based on the refrigerant flow rate measured by the flow meter 55. For example, increasing the opening degree of the expansion device 54 increases the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1, and decreasing the opening amount of the expansion device 54 decreases the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1.
- control unit 42 controls the amount of refrigerant flowing into the use side heat exchanger 53 by adjusting the opening degree of the expansion valve 52 as control for reducing the liquid back amount with respect to the compressor 1, and uses the use side heat.
- the refrigerant is sufficiently gasified by the exchanger 53. In this way, the control unit 42 may suppress the inflow of the liquid refrigerant to the compressor 1.
- the absolute amount of liquid refrigerant contained in the refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1 can be reduced by adjusting the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1 and reducing it from the normal time. Therefore, it can adjust so that the amount of liquid refrigerant in a liquid mixture may be reduced and oil concentration may be made high.
- the example of the refrigeration apparatus 50 mentioned above shows the circuit at the time of performing a cooling operation
- the heating operation is performed by switching the connection positions of the heat source side heat exchanger 51 and the use side heat exchanger 53. You can also. And similarly in the circuit at the time of heating operation, control which reduces the liquid back
- compressor operation Next, the operation of the compressor 1 according to the first embodiment will be described.
- the compressor 1 first, when the refrigerant gas is sucked into the shell 2 from the suction pipe 3, the refrigerant gas sucked into the shell 2 is compressed by the compression mechanism unit 13 constituted by the fixed scroll 11 and the swing scroll 12. Inhaled.
- the mixed liquid staying at the bottom of the shell 2 is sucked by the oil pump 19 as the main shaft 17 rotates, and is lubricated and lubricated through the oil supply passage 20 to the sliding portions such as the main bearing portion 18a and the sub-bearing portion 18b. Is done.
- the supplied liquid mixture descends in the shell and stays in the staying portion 6 again.
- FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of oil concentration detection processing in the refrigerant compressor 100 of FIG.
- step S ⁇ b> 1 the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 detects the relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid staying in the staying part 6 based on the electrostatic capacity of the shell 2 and the cylindrical electrode 30. Then, the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 supplies information indicating the detected relative dielectric constant to the oil concentration detection unit 41.
- step S2 when the oil concentration detection unit 41 receives the information indicating the relative dielectric constant from the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40, the oil concentration detection unit 41 stores the oil stored in the storage unit 41a based on the relative dielectric constant indicated by the received information. The oil concentration in the mixed liquid is detected with reference to the concentration information. Then, the oil concentration detection unit 41 supplies information indicating the detected oil concentration to the control unit 42.
- step S3 when the control unit 42 receives the information indicating the oil concentration from the oil concentration detection unit 41, the control unit 42 compares the oil concentration indicated by the received information with the first concentration stored in the storage unit 42a. To do.
- step S3 when it is determined that the oil concentration is equal to or lower than the first concentration (step S3; YES), the control unit 42 performs control to stop the operation of the compressor 1 in step S4.
- the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped by cutting the connection between the power source power line connected to the sealing terminal 5 and the electric mechanism unit 16 and stopping the power supply to the electric mechanism unit 16. .
- step S3 when it is determined that the oil concentration is higher than the first concentration (step S3; NO), the process proceeds to step S5, and the control unit 42 stores the oil concentration and the second stored in the storage unit 42a. Compare the concentration of
- step S5 when it is determined that the oil concentration is equal to or lower than the second concentration (step S5; YES), the control unit 42 performs a process of reducing the liquid back amount with respect to the compressor 1 in step S6.
- the liquid back amount reduction process is performed, for example, by controlling the opening degree of the expansion device 54 shown in FIG. 7 and adjusting the amount of refrigerant flowing into the compressor 1.
- step S5 If it is determined that the oil concentration is higher than the second concentration (step S5; NO), the process returns to step S1, and a series of processes from step S1 to step S6 are performed at predetermined time intervals. Repeat.
- the oil concentration in the mixed liquid staying in the compressor 1 is detected by the relative dielectric constant based on the capacitance between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2,
- the oil concentration in the liquid mixture can be detected with a simple configuration.
- it in addition to the oil concentration in the mixed liquid, it can be detected whether or not the mixed liquid exists between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2. Can be detected.
- the oil concentration is periodically detected at a predetermined time interval, and the operation of the compressor 1 or the refrigerant compressor 100 is controlled according to the detected oil concentration. It is possible to quickly follow the change in concentration, and to prevent damage to the compressor 1 due to poor lubrication.
- Embodiment 2 a compressor according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is disposed at a height position surrounding the oil pump 19 in order to further improve the accuracy of detecting the oil concentration of the mixed liquid staying at the position sucked up by the oil pump 19. I have to.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram schematically showing a cross section when an example of the compressor 1 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is viewed from the front.
- the example of FIG. 9 shows a case where a scroll compressor is used as the compressor 1 as in the first embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the compressor 1 according to the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment described above only in the position where the cylindrical electrode 30 is disposed. As shown in FIG. 9, the cylindrical electrode 30 is disposed at a height that surrounds the periphery of the oil pump 19 in the staying portion 6. As a result, the oil concentration detection unit 41 can detect the oil concentration of the liquid mixture having the same concentration as the liquid mixture actually sucked up by the oil pump 19.
- FIG. 9 shows a fifth attachment example of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- one or a plurality of pedestals 32 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is attached to the pedestal 32 via the nonconductive member 33. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a sixth attachment example of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the cylindrical electrode 30 so as to sandwich the upper end portion and the lower end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- One or more pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2.
- the electrode support member 31 which supported the cylindrical electrode 30 with respect to this base 32 is fixed. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a seventh example of attachment of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG. 9.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the cylindrical electrode 30 so as to sandwich the lower end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- One or more pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the bottom surface of the shell 2, and the electrode support members 31 are fixed on the pedestals 32. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing an eighth example of attachment of the cylindrical electrode 30 in the compressor 1 of FIG.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the cylindrical electrode 30 so as to sandwich the upper end portion of the cylindrical electrode 30.
- one or a plurality of pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the lower portion of the sub-bearing portion 18 b, and the electrode support members 31 are fixed to the pedestals 32. In this way, the cylindrical electrode 30 can be mounted in the shell 2.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is connected to the conductive component in the shell 2 as in the first embodiment. It is possible to reliably prevent contact.
- the electrode support member 31 and the pedestal 32 may have a shape that extends entirely along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical electrode 30, for example, as in the first embodiment.
- a shape having a length along the circumferential direction of the cylindrical electrode 30 may be provided, and the plurality of electrode support members 31 and the pedestals 32 may be provided at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.
- the attachment method of the cylindrical electrode 30 is not limited to the methods shown in the fifth to eighth attachment examples. For example, a plurality of methods among these attachment methods may be combined. However, in such a case, it is necessary to consider workability and cost when assembling the compressor 1.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is disposed at a height that surrounds the oil pump 19.
- the liquid mixture existing between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2 becomes a liquid equivalent to the oil concentration of the liquid mixture actually sucked up by the oil pump 19. Therefore, the oil concentration detection unit 41 detects the oil concentration of the mixed liquid that is actually sucked up by the oil pump 19, so that the accuracy of detecting the oil concentration of the mixed liquid can be further improved.
- the control unit 42 can determine whether the mixed liquid existing around the oil pump is the separated refrigerating machine oil or liquid refrigerant based on the oil concentration obtained from the relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid. it can.
- the control unit 42 can determine that the liquid mixture present around the oil pump 19 is separated refrigeration oil. Therefore, since the refrigeration oil can be sucked in by the oil pump 19 without any problem, the operation of the compressor 1 can be started.
- the control unit 42 determines that the liquid mixture present around the oil pump 19 is a separated liquid refrigerant. Therefore, if the liquid refrigerant is sucked by the oil pump 19, the sliding portion cannot be lubricated, so that the operation of the compressor 1 is not started.
- the control unit 42 determines that the liquid mixture present around the oil pump 19 is a separated liquid refrigerant. Therefore, if the liquid refrigerant is sucked by the oil pump 19, the sliding portion cannot be lubricated, so that the operation of the compressor 1 is not started.
- the compressor 1 cannot be operated by sucking the liquid refrigerant by the oil pump 19, for example, the liquid refrigerant is heated by a belt heater, restraining energization, etc., and the refrigerant is gasified before the operation of the compressor 1 is performed. It is good to start.
- the height of the suction port 19 a provided at the lower end of the cylindrical electrode 30 and the tip of the oil pump 19. are preferably the same.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is disposed at the same height as the oil pump 19, the liquid level with respect to the oil pump 19 can be detected. Therefore, even when the liquid mixture does not reach the suction port 19a of the oil pump 19, or even when the liquid mixture is exhausted, quick and efficient control can be performed, and the compressor 1 is damaged due to poor lubrication. Can be prevented.
- Embodiment 3 a compressor according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.
- the oil concentration detected by the oil concentration detection unit 41 is the average oil concentration of the mixed liquid existing between the cylindrical electrode 30 and the shell 2, and therefore the mixed liquid actually sucked up by the oil pump 19 It may be different from the oil concentration. Therefore, even though the detected oil concentration is a concentration at which it is determined that the sliding portion can be sufficiently lubricated, the oil concentration of the liquid mixture actually sucked up by the oil pump 19 is the detected oil concentration. The lower case is considered. In such a case, since the oil concentration of the liquid mixture actually sucked up is low, the sliding portion of the compressor 1 may be damaged.
- the oil concentration of the liquid mixture actually sucked up by the oil pump 19 is higher than the detected oil concentration.
- the sliding portion can be sufficiently lubricated.
- the compressor 1 can be operated normally, if the control such as stopping the operation of the compressor 1 is performed based on the detected oil concentration, the compressor 1 is made efficient. Cannot be operated automatically.
- the oil concentration detection accuracy of the mixed liquid staying at the position sucked up by the oil pump 19 is further improved, and the liquid surface height of the mixed liquid and the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 17 are used as a reference.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is divided into a plurality of electrodes in the axial direction.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram schematically illustrating a cross-section of the main part when an example of the compressor 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is viewed from the front.
- the example in FIG. 13 shows a case where a scroll compressor is used as the compressor 1 as in the first and second embodiments.
- the same parts as those of the compressor 1 according to Embodiments 1 and 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the third embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the cylindrical electrode 30 is divided into a plurality of electrodes in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 13, the cylindrical electrode 30 is divided into a first cylindrical electrode 30 a and a second cylindrical electrode 30 b in the axial direction with respect to the main shaft 17, and is arranged so as to be insulated from each other. Yes.
- the first cylindrical electrode 30a is disposed at a height where the suction port 19a of the oil pump 19 is provided.
- An electrode connection line is connected to the first cylindrical electrode 30 a, and the electrode connection line is connected to the sealing terminal 5.
- the second cylindrical electrode 30b is disposed on the upper side of the first cylindrical electrode 30a.
- An electrode connection line is connected to the second cylindrical electrode 30 b, and the electrode connection line is connected to the sealing terminal 5.
- the control unit 42 stays in the staying unit 6 based on the oil concentration of the mixed liquid detected by the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the oil concentration of the mixed liquid detected by the second cylindrical electrode 30b. The liquid level of the mixed liquid and the oil concentration distribution are detected.
- FIG. 13 shows a ninth attachment example of the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the second cylindrical electrode 30b.
- one or more pedestals 32 are fixed to the inner wall of the shell 2.
- the first cylindrical electrode 30 a and the second cylindrical electrode 30 b are attached to the pedestal 32 via the nonconductive member 33.
- the 1st cylindrical electrode 30a and the 2nd cylindrical electrode 30b can be attached in the shell 2.
- FIG. 13 shows a ninth attachment example of the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the second cylindrical electrode 30b.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tenth mounting example of the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the second cylindrical electrode 30b in the compressor 1 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are mounted on the first cylindrical electrode 30a so as to sandwich the lower end portion of the first cylindrical electrode 30a.
- One or more pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the bottom surface of the shell 2, and the electrode support members 31 are fixed on the pedestals 32.
- one or more electrode support members 31 are attached to the second cylindrical electrode 30b so as to sandwich the upper end portion of the second cylindrical electrode 30b.
- one or a plurality of pedestals 32 corresponding to the number of electrode support members 31 are fixed to the lower portion of the sub-bearing portion 18 b, and the electrode support members 31 are fixed to the pedestals 32.
- the 1st cylindrical electrode 30a and the 2nd cylindrical electrode 30b can be attached in the shell 2.
- the detection of the liquid level height and the oil concentration distribution of the mixed liquid in the refrigerant compressor 100 according to the third embodiment will be described.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected at the position where each of the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the second cylindrical electrode 30b is provided. And based on each detected oil concentration, the liquid level height and oil concentration distribution of a liquid mixture are detected.
- the state of the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 includes the installation position of the first cylindrical electrode 30a (hereinafter referred to as “position A” as appropriate) and the installation position of the second cylindrical electrode 30b (hereinafter referred to as “position A”). , which are referred to as “position B” as appropriate), can be classified into first to seventh states. And according to the classified state, the control part 42 detects the liquid level height and oil concentration distribution of a liquid mixture. Moreover, the control part 42 controls the driving
- “the oil concentration is high” means a concentration that can sufficiently lubricate the sliding portion, for example, that the concentration is higher than the second concentration. .
- the first state is a state where both the oil concentrations at position A and position B are high.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected at both position A and position B, it is detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is equal to or higher than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Can do.
- the oil concentrations at both the position A and the position B are high, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil is present at a high rate in the mixed liquid and that the refrigerating machine oil is distributed almost uniformly.
- the second state is a state in which the oil concentration at the position A is high and the oil concentration at the position B shows a value due to the refrigerant gas.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected only at the position A, it can be detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is less than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Further, since the oil concentration at the position A is high, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil is present at a high rate in the mixed liquid and that the refrigerating machine oil is distributed substantially uniformly.
- the third state is a state where the oil concentration at position A is high and the oil concentration at position B is low.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected at both position A and position B, it is detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is equal to or higher than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Can do.
- the oil concentration at position A is higher than the oil concentration at position B, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil in the mixed solution is unevenly distributed on the lower side.
- the fourth state is a state where the oil concentration at the position A is low and the oil concentration at the position B shows a value due to the refrigerant gas.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected only at the position A, it can be detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is less than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Further, since the oil concentration at the position A is low, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil is present at a low rate in the mixed liquid and that the refrigerating machine oil is distributed substantially uniformly.
- the fifth state is a state where the oil concentration at position A is low and the oil concentration at position B is high.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected at both position A and position B, it is detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is equal to or higher than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Can do.
- the oil concentration at position A is lower than the oil concentration at position B, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil in the mixed solution is unevenly distributed on the upper side.
- the sixth state is a state where both the oil concentrations at position A and position B are low.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is detected at both position A and position B, it is detected that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is equal to or higher than the lower end of the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Can do.
- the oil concentrations at both the positions A and B are low, it is possible to detect that the refrigerating machine oil is present at a low rate in the mixed liquid and that the refrigerating machine oil is distributed substantially uniformly.
- the seventh state is a state in which the oil concentration at the position A and the position B shows a value due to the refrigerant gas.
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is not detected at any of the positions A and B, it can be detected that the mixed liquid is depleted. Moreover, since the mixed liquid is depleted, the distribution of the refrigerating machine oil cannot be detected.
- the liquid refrigerant is mixed in the refrigeration oil due to a transient liquid back or the like.
- the oil pump 19 can mix the mixed oil without any problem. Can inhale. Therefore, in this case, it is not necessary to perform control to stop the operation of the compressor 1, but it is necessary to perform control to reduce the liquid back amount.
- the liquid refrigerant is mixed in the refrigerating machine oil due to a transient liquid back and the refrigerating machine oil is low.
- the sliding part cannot be lubricated. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to perform control to reduce the liquid back amount and increase the oil return amount to the compressor 1. If the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is not improved by performing this control, it is necessary to perform control to stop the operation of the compressor 1.
- the liquid refrigerant is mixed in the refrigerating machine oil due to a transient liquid back and the liquid refrigerant is unevenly distributed on the lower side. If sucked, the sliding part cannot be lubricated. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to perform the liquid back amount decrease control, the liquid refrigerant discharge control, or the compressor 1 operation stop control.
- the discharge control of the liquid refrigerant will be described in a fourth embodiment described later.
- the method for improving the oil concentration of the mixed solution is not limited to this method.
- the liquid back amount reduction control, the liquid refrigerant discharge control, and the operation stop control of the compressor 1 may be sequentially performed.
- a reduction control of the liquid back amount is performed, and the oil concentration of the mixed liquid at the position A is detected. If the oil concentration of the mixed liquid is not improved as a result of the detection, the liquid refrigerant discharge control is performed to detect the oil concentration of the mixed liquid at the positions A and B. As a result of the detection, when the oil concentration at position B shows a value due to the refrigerant gas and the oil concentration of the mixed liquid at position A is not improved, the operation stop control of the compressor 1 is performed. Then, the liquid refrigerant is heated by a belt heater, restraint energization or the like to gasify the refrigerant, and the oil concentration of the mixed liquid at the position A is detected. As a result of the detection, when the oil concentration of the mixed liquid becomes high, the operation of the compressor 1 is resumed.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is divided into the first cylindrical electrode 30a and the second cylindrical electrode 30b, and the first cylindrical electrode 30a is used as the suction port of the oil pump 19. It arrange
- the liquid mixture existing between the first cylindrical electrode 30 a and the shell 2 becomes a liquid equivalent to the oil concentration of the liquid mixture actually sucked from the suction port 19 a of the oil pump 19. Therefore, the oil concentration detection unit 41 detects the oil concentration of the mixed liquid that is actually sucked up by the oil pump 19, so that the accuracy of detecting the oil concentration of the mixed liquid can be further improved.
- the cylindrical electrode 30 is divided into a first cylindrical electrode 30a and a second cylindrical electrode 30b, and the presence or absence of a mixed liquid with the shell 2 is detected at each electrode. .
- the liquid level height of the liquid mixture which retains in the retention part 6, and the detection precision of oil concentration distribution can be improved more.
- Embodiment 4 FIG. Next, a compressor according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described.
- the specific gravity of the liquid refrigerant is larger than the specific gravity of the refrigerating machine oil
- the mixed liquid staying on the bottom side has a lower oil concentration than the mixed liquid staying on the upper side. . Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the liquid mixture staying on the bottom side of the staying portion 6 is directly taken out to increase the oil concentration of the liquid mixture.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-section of the main part when an example of the compressor 1 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention is viewed from the front.
- the example of FIG. 15 shows a case where a scroll compressor is used as the compressor 1 as in the first to third embodiments.
- the same parts as those of the compressor 1 according to Embodiments 1 to 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
- the fourth embodiment is different from the third embodiment in that an oil takeout device 21 for taking out the mixed liquid is provided at the bottom of the staying portion 6.
- the compressor 1 according to the fourth embodiment includes an oil take-out device 21 at the bottom of the staying portion 6.
- the oil take-out device 21 has an opening / closing device 21a and an oil take-out tube 21b.
- the opening / closing device 21 a controls the discharge of the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 to the outside by opening and closing thereof.
- the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing device 21 a is controlled by the control unit 42.
- the oil take-out pipe 21b is a pipe through which the mixed liquid discharged to the outside passes, and is connected to an oil separator (not shown).
- the control unit 42 controls the oil take-out device 21 and performs a process of adjusting the oil concentration of the mixed liquid retained in the retention unit 6.
- the control unit 42 stores the third concentration as a preset threshold for the oil concentration in the mixed liquid in the storage unit 42a.
- the third concentration is a threshold value for increasing the oil concentration in the mixed liquid, and is a concentration in a state where more liquid refrigerant is contained than in the refrigeration oil in the mixed liquid. Specifically, the third density is set to 30%, for example.
- the control unit 42 compares the oil concentration indicated by the information received from the oil concentration detection unit 41 with the third concentration. For example, when the oil concentration in the mixed liquid is equal to or less than the third concentration, Control is performed so that the opening / closing device 21 a in the take-out device 21 is in the “open” state.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing an example of the flow of oil concentration adjustment processing in the refrigerant compressor 100 provided with the compressor 1 of FIG.
- step S11 the relative permittivity detection unit 40 is based on the electrostatic capacity of the shell 2, the first cylindrical electrode 30a, and the second cylindrical electrode 30b, as in step S1 of FIG.
- the relative dielectric constant of the mixed liquid staying at 6 is detected.
- the relative dielectric constant detection unit 40 supplies information indicating the detected relative dielectric constant to the oil concentration detection unit 41.
- step S12 the oil concentration detector 41 detects the oil concentration in the mixed liquid based on the relative dielectric constant indicated by the information received from the relative dielectric constant detector 40, as in step S2 of FIG. . Then, the oil concentration detection unit 41 supplies information indicating the detected oil concentration to the control unit 42.
- step S13 the control unit 42 compares the oil concentration indicated by the information received from the oil concentration detection unit 41 with the third concentration stored in the storage unit 42a.
- step S13 when it is determined that the oil concentration is less than the third concentration (step S13; YES), the control unit 42 performs control so that the opening / closing device 21a is in the “open” state in step S14.
- step S13; NO when it is determined that the oil concentration is equal to or higher than the third concentration (step S13; NO), a series of processing ends.
- step S15 the control unit 42 determines whether or not the liquid level height of the mixed liquid is equal to or lower than the first height.
- the “first height” is, for example, a height at which the liquid level of the liquid mixture is slightly above the suction port 19 a of the oil pump 19.
- the control unit 42 detects the liquid level height based on the relative dielectric constant detected by the first cylindrical electrode 30a and detects the relative dielectric constant detected by the second cylindrical electrode 30b. Since the liquid level is not detected based on the rate, it is determined that the liquid level of the mixed liquid is the first height.
- step S15 when the control part 42 judges that the liquid level height of a liquid mixture is below 1st height (step S15; YES), it is set so that the switchgear 21a may be in a "closed" state in step S16. Take control. On the other hand, when it is determined that the liquid level height of the mixed liquid is higher than the first height (step S15; NO), the process returns to step S15, and the control unit 42 determines that the liquid level height is the first high level. The process of step S15 is repeated until the value is less than or equal to.
- emitted from the retention part 6 is connected to the oil separator which is not shown in figure, for example, after being isolate
- the oil concentration of the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 is lower than the third concentration, by discharging the mixed liquid, particularly the mixed liquid of the portion where the oil concentration is considered to be low, to the outside, It can adjust so that the oil concentration of a liquid mixture may be made high. Further, since the refrigeration oil is separated from the mixed liquid discharged to the outside and returned to the compressor 1, the oil concentration of the mixed liquid can be further increased.
- the oil take-out device 21 is provided at the bottom of the staying portion 6, and the staying mixing is performed when the oil concentration of the mixed liquid staying in the staying portion 6 is lower than the third concentration.
- Part of the liquid, especially the part with low oil concentration, is discharged to the outside. Thereby, it can adjust so that the oil concentration of a liquid mixture may be made high. Further, by returning the refrigeration oil contained in the mixed liquid discharged to the outside to the compressor 1, the oil concentration of the mixed liquid can be further increased.
- the present invention has been described above.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.
- Various modifications and applications are possible.
- the oil concentration detection unit 41 and the control unit 42 have been described as separate components.
- the unit 42 may have a function of detecting the oil concentration of the mixed liquid.
- the compressor 1 is a scroll compressor.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the compressor 1 may be a reciprocating compressor or a rotary compressor.
- the electrode connection line connected to the cylindrical electrode 30 is taken out to the outside through the sealing terminal 5, but this is not limited to this example.
- a sealed terminal different from the sealed terminal 5 may be provided on the shell 2 in the vicinity of the cylindrical electrode 30, and the electrode connection line may be taken out through the sealed terminal.
Abstract
Description
これにより、主軸と結合した揺動スクロールが回転し、固定スクロールと協動して圧縮機構部に吸入された冷媒ガスを圧縮する。そして、圧縮された冷媒ガスは、吐出管を介してシェル外へ吐出される。
また、この方法では、シェル内に存在する混合液中の油濃度の平均値しか推定できない。そのため、油濃度が偏在化した場合等に対応する制御を行うことができない。
しかしながら、密閉されたケーシングにサイトグラスを取り付ける場合には、高圧での液密性が要求されるとともに、取り付け工数が増加するため、サイトグラスの取り付けが困難である。
さらに、サイトグラスの大きさで目視可能な高さの範囲が定まるので、冷凍機油の液面レベルの変動が大きい場合には、変動量に応じて大きなサイトグラスを設ける必要がある。
例えば、特許文献2には、油溜上層部の油面付近に一対の平行平板電極で形成された静電容量式油センサを配設した、圧縮機に適用可能な検出装置が記載されている。この検出装置では、静電容量式油センサによって検出された静電容量に基づき、油溜の油面高さおよび混合液中の油濃度を算出して圧縮機の動作を制御することにより、油の枯渇、軸受等の摺動部の潤滑不足等から保護することができる。
特に、代替フロン冷媒化に伴い、油に対して非相容な冷媒が用いられる場合には、二層分離が頻繁に発生し、誤検出がさらに増加してしまう。
このような構造の場合には、圧縮機内の油の撹拌、冷媒の流れによる流体力に対して強度を確保する必要があり、そのためには、流体力を受ける電極部の面積を小さくする必要がある。
しかしながら、電極部の面積を小さくした場合には、検出できる静電容量が小さくなるため、検出精度がさらに低下してしまうという問題点もあった。
これを解決するためには、筒状電極の円筒径を大きくすることが考えられる。しかしながら、筒状電極の内径には油ポンプが配設されるとともに、外径にはシェルが存在するといった、限られた空間内に筒状電極を配設する必要があるため、円筒形を大きくするにも限界があり、精度向上が求められる。
[圧縮機の構成]
以下、本発明の実施の形態1に係る圧縮機について説明する。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係る圧縮機1の一例を正面から見た際の断面を模式的に示す図である。なお、図1の例は、圧縮機1としてスクロール圧縮機を用いた場合を示す。
密封端子5には、固定子14に対して電源を供給する電源動力線、および熱動保護器の接続線をシェル2の外側に取り出すための複数の端子が設けられている。
また、この端子には、後述する筒状電極30に接続された電極接続線が接続されている。
固定スクロール11は、シェル2に固定されたガイドフレームに固定され、下面側に板状渦巻歯が形成されている。
揺動スクロール12は、後述する主軸17に接合され、上面に固定スクロール11の板状渦巻歯と同一形状の板状渦巻歯が形成されている。
固定子14は、回転子15の外側に配置され、コイルが巻回されている。
回転子15は、固定子14の内側に配置される。また、回転子15の内側には、主軸17が接合されている。
主軸17は、一端が主軸受部18aによって支持され、他端が副軸受部18bによって支持されている。
油ポンプ19は、シェル2の底面側に設けられた吸入口19aから滞留部6に滞留した混合液を吸い上げ、主軸17内に形成された給油通路20を介して摺動部を有する圧縮機構部13に供給する。
この油ポンプ19および給油通路20により、給油手段が構成される。
筒状電極30は、混合液の誘電特性を測定するため、圧縮機1を構成する他の導電性部品と電気的に接触しないように、シェル2内に取り付けられる。なお、筒状電極30の詳細な取付構造については、後述する。
次に、圧縮機1を備えた冷媒圧縮装置について説明する。
図2は、図1の圧縮機1を備えた冷媒圧縮装置の構成の一例を示すブロック図である。
制御装置45は、圧縮機1の動作および圧縮機1が接続される冷媒回路全体の制御を行うとともに、圧縮機1の滞留部6に滞留する混合液の油濃度を検出するものである。
制御装置45は、比誘電率検出部40、油濃度検出部41および制御部42を含んで構成される。
比誘電率検出部40は、シェル2および筒状電極30の間の距離、および筒状電極30の表面積により予め決定された静電容量に基づき、滞留部6に滞留した混合液の比誘電率を検出する。
比誘電率検出部40は、油濃度検出部41に接続され、検出した比誘電率を示す情報を油濃度検出部41に供給する。
油濃度検出部41は、制御部42に接続され、検出した油濃度を示す情報を制御部42に供給する。
図3は、比誘電率と油濃度との関係を示す油濃度情報の一例を示す概略図である。
油濃度情報は、比誘電率と油濃度とが互いに関連付けられたテーブルまたは図3に示すグラフ等である。例えば、油濃度情報が図3に示すグラフである場合には、このグラフから比誘電率検出部40で検出した比誘電率に対応する油濃度を検出することができる。
なお、この油濃度情報が示す比誘電率と油濃度との関係は、使用する冷媒および冷凍機油の種類によって変化する。そのため、これらの関係を予め実験により測定し、記憶部41aに記憶させておく必要がある。
制御部42は、油濃度検出部41から受け取った油濃度を示す情報に基づき、圧縮機1に対して混合液中の油濃度に応じた制御を行う。
第1の濃度は、混合液中の油濃度が著しく低く、制御部42において、摺動部を潤滑することが困難であり、圧縮機1が損傷する虞があると判断される濃度である。具体的には、第1の濃度は、例えば20%に設定される。
第2の濃度は、混合液中の油濃度が低く、制御部42において、摺動部を十分に潤滑することが困難であると判断される濃度であり、第1の濃度よりも大きい値に設定される。具体的には、第2の濃度は、例えば50%に設定される。
なお、第1および第2の濃度の設定値は、この例に限られず、例えば、実際に使用する圧縮機1の仕様、冷凍機油および冷媒の物性等に応じて適宜設定することができる。
具体的には、例えば、混合液中の油濃度が第1の濃度以下である場合、制御部42は、圧縮機1の動作を停止する制御を行う。また、油濃度が第2の濃度以下である場合、制御部42は、圧縮機1に戻る液冷媒の量、すなわち液バック量を低下させるための制御を行う。
ここで、吸入管3から吸入された冷媒ガスの一部は、シェル2内の底部側に流れ込む。このとき、滞留部6に滞留する混合液の液面が筒状電極30に達していない場合、すなわち、混合液の液面高さが筒状電極30の下端未満である場合には、流れ込んだ冷媒ガスが筒状電極30とシェル2との間に存在することになる。そのため、比誘電率検出部40では、混合液ではなく冷媒ガスの比誘電率を検出することになる。
一方、混合液の液面が筒状電極30に達している場合、すなわち、混合液の液面高さが筒状電極30の下端以上である場合には、混合液が筒状電極30とシェル2との間に存在することになる。そのため、比誘電率検出部40では、混合液の比誘電率を検出することになる。
(第1の取付例)
次に、筒状電極30のシェル2内への取付構造について説明する。
図1には、筒状電極30の第1の取付例が示されている。図1に示すように、第1の取付例では、固定子14の下部に設けられるとともに、樹脂材料等の非導電性部材で形成された固定子絶縁部材14aに、同様の非導電性部材で形成された1または複数の電極支持部材31を設ける。そして、この電極支持部材31によって筒状電極30の上端部を挟み込んで筒状電極30を支持するように固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図4は、図1の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第2の取付例を示す概略図である。
図4に示すように、第2の取付例では、筒状電極30をシェル2に取り付けるための1または複数の台座32をシェル2の内壁に固定する。そして、樹脂材料等の非導電性部材33を介して筒状電極30を台座32に取り付ける。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図5は、図1の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第3の取付例を示す概略図である。
図5に示すように、第3の取付例では、筒状電極30の上端部および下端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を筒状電極30に取り付ける。また、シェル2の内壁に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定する。そして、この台座32に対して筒状電極30を支持した電極支持部材31を固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図6は、図1の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第4の取付例を示す概略図である。
図6に示すように、第4の取付例では、筒状電極30の下端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を筒状電極30に取り付ける。また、副軸受部18bに電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定し、この台座32上に電極支持部材31を固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
次に、圧縮機1を備えた冷媒圧縮装置100を適用可能な回路について説明する。
図7は、図2の冷媒圧縮装置100を適用可能な冷凍装置の一例を示す概略図である。
図7に示すように、この冷凍装置50は、冷媒を圧縮する冷媒圧縮装置100に備えられた圧縮機1、冷媒と外部流体との間で熱交換を行う熱源側熱交換器51、冷媒を減圧および膨張させる膨張弁52、冷媒と外部流体との間で熱交換を行う利用側熱交換器53、冷媒の流量を制御する絞り装置54、冷媒の流量を計測する流量計55、圧縮機1の動作および絞り装置54の開度を制御する制御装置45を備える。
そして、圧縮機1、熱源側熱交換器51、膨張弁52および利用側熱交換器53が冷媒配管56によって順次接続され、冷媒配管56内を冷媒が循環する冷媒回路が構成される。
バイパス回路は、圧縮機1に流入する冷媒量を調整するために設けられ、例えば、上述した制御部42において、圧縮機1に対する液バック量を低下させる制御を行う際に用いられる。
圧縮機1から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は、凝縮器として機能する熱源側熱交換器51に流入し、空気または水等の外部の流体と熱交換して放熱しながら凝縮し、過冷却状態の高圧の液冷媒となって熱源側熱交換器51から流出する。
利用側熱交換器53に流入した低温低圧の気液二相冷媒は、室内空気と熱交換して吸熱および蒸発することにより室内空気を冷却し、低温低圧のガス冷媒となって利用側熱交換器53から流出する。
利用側熱交換器53から流出した低温低圧のガス冷媒は、圧縮機1へ吸入される。
この場合、制御部42は、流量計55で計測された冷媒流量に基づき、絞り装置54の開度を調整してバイパス回路を流れる冷媒量を制御する。例えば、絞り装置54の開度を大きくすることによって圧縮機1に流入する冷媒量が増加し、絞り装置54の開度を小さくすることによって圧縮機1に流入する冷媒量が減少する。
次に、本実施の形態1に係る圧縮機1の動作について説明する。
圧縮機1では、まず、吸入管3からシェル2内に冷媒ガスが吸入されると、シェル2内に吸入された冷媒ガスは、固定スクロール11および揺動スクロール12により構成された圧縮機構部13に吸入される。
これにより、主軸17に結合された揺動スクロール12が回転し、固定スクロール11と協動して圧縮機構部13に吸入された冷媒ガスを圧縮する。そして、圧縮された冷媒ガスは、吐出管4を介してシェル2外へ吐出される。
なお、給油された混合液は、シェル内を降下して、再度滞留部6に滞留する。
次に、冷媒圧縮装置100における油濃度検出処理の流れについて説明する。
図8は、図2の冷媒圧縮装置100における油濃度検出処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
また、本実施の形態1では、混合液中の油濃度に加えて、筒状電極30とシェル2との間に混合液が存在するか否かについても検出できるため、混合液の液面高さを検出することができる。
次に、本発明の実施の形態2に係る圧縮機について説明する。
本実施の形態2では、油ポンプ19によって吸い上げられる位置に滞留する混合液の油濃度の検出精度をより向上させるために、油ポンプ19を囲む高さの位置に筒状電極30を配置するようにしている。
図9は、本発明の実施の形態2に係る圧縮機1の一例を正面から見た際の断面を模式的に示す図である。なお、図9の例は、実施の形態1と同様に、圧縮機1としてスクロール圧縮機を用いた場合を示す。また、実施の形態1に係る圧縮機1と同様の部分には、同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
これにより、油濃度検出部41では、油ポンプ19によって実際に吸い上げられる混合液と同等の濃度を有する混合液の油濃度を検出することができる。
(第5の取付例)
次に、筒状電極30のシェル2内への取付構造について説明する。
図9には、筒状電極30の第5の取付例が示されている。図9に示すように、第5の取付例では、1または複数の台座32をシェル2の内壁に固定する。そして、非導電性部材33を介して筒状電極30を台座32に取り付ける。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図10は、図9の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第6の取付例を示す概略図である。
図10に示すように、第6の取付例では、筒状電極30の上端部および下端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を筒状電極30に取り付ける。また、シェル2の内壁に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定する。そして、この台座32に対して筒状電極30を支持した電極支持部材31を固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図11は、図9の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第7の取付例を示す概略図である。
図11に示すように、第7の取付例では、筒状電極30の下端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を筒状電極30に取り付ける。また、シェル2の底面部に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定し、この台座32上に電極支持部材31を固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図12は、図9の圧縮機1における筒状電極30の第8の取付例を示す概略図である。
図12に示すように、第8の取付例では、筒状電極30の上端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を筒状電極30に取り付ける。また、副軸受部18bの下部に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定し、この台座32に電極支持部材31を固定する。このようにして、筒状電極30をシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
液冷媒と冷凍機油との比誘電率は、一般的に大きく異なる。そのため、制御部42は、混合液の比誘電率から得られる油濃度に基づき、油ポンプの周囲に存在する混合液が、分離した冷凍機油および液冷媒のいずれかであるかを判断することができる。
このように混合液が分離した状態で、比誘電率検出部40によって検出された混合液の比誘電率が冷凍機油を主成分とした値を示す場合、油濃度検出部41によって検出される油濃度は、100%またはそれに近い値となる。そのため、制御部42は、油ポンプ19の周囲に存在する混合液が、分離した冷凍機油であると判断することができる。したがって、油ポンプ19によって問題なく冷凍機油を吸い込むことができるので、圧縮機1の運転を開始することができる。
このように混合液が分離した状態で、比誘電率検出部40によって検出された混合液の比誘電率が液冷媒を主成分とした値を示す場合、油濃度検出部41によって検出される油濃度は、0%またはそれに近い値となる。そのため、制御部42は、油ポンプ19の周囲に存在する混合液が、分離した液冷媒であると判断する。したがって、油ポンプ19によって液冷媒を吸い込むと、摺動部を潤滑させることができないので、圧縮機1の運転を開始しないようにする。
次に、本発明の実施の形態3に係る圧縮機について説明する。
一般に、シェル2内に設けられた滞留部6に滞留する混合液の油濃度は、一様に分布しているものではなく、偏在する場合がある。また、油濃度検出部41によって検出される油濃度は、筒状電極30とシェル2との間に存在する混合液の平均の油濃度であるため、実際に油ポンプ19によって吸い上げられる混合液の油濃度とは異なる可能性がある。
そのため、検出された油濃度が摺動部を十分に潤滑させることができると判断した濃度であるにもかかわらず、油ポンプ19によって実際に吸い上げられる混合液の油濃度は、検出された油濃度よりも低い場合が考えられる。
このような場合には、実際に吸い上げられる混合液の油濃度が低いため、圧縮機1の摺動部を損傷してしまう虞がある。
このような場合には、圧縮機1を正常に動作させておくことができるため、検出された油濃度に基づいて圧縮機1の動作を停止する等の制御を行うと、圧縮機1を効率的に動作させることができない。
図13は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る圧縮機1の一例を正面から見た際の要部断面を模式的に示す図である。なお、図13の例は、実施の形態1および2と同様に、圧縮機1としてスクロール圧縮機を用いた場合を示す。また、実施の形態1および2に係る圧縮機1と同様の部分には、同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
図13に示すように、筒状電極30は、主軸17を基準とした軸方向に、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bに分割され、互いに絶縁するように配置されている。
第2の筒状電極30bは、第1の筒状電極30aの上部側に配置されている。第2の筒状電極30bには、電極接続線が接続され、電極接続線が密封端子5に接続されている。
これにより、第1の筒状電極30aとシェル2との間に存在する混合液の油濃度、および第2の筒状電極30bとシェル2との間に存在する混合液の油濃度を、油濃度検出部41で個別に検出することができる。
なお、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bは、同一形状であってもよいし、異なる形状であってもよい。
(第9の取付例)
次に、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bのシェル2内への取付構造について説明する。
図13には、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bの第9の取付例が示されている。図13に示すように、第9の取付例では、1または複数の台座32をシェル2の内壁に固定する。そして、非導電性部材33を介して第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bを台座32に取り付ける。このようにして、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bをシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
図14は、本発明の実施の形態3に係る圧縮機1における第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bの第10の取付例を示す概略図である。
図14に示すように、第10の取付例では、第1の筒状電極30aの下端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を第1の筒状電極30aに取り付ける。また、シェル2の底面部に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定し、この台座32上に電極支持部材31を固定する。
次に、第2の筒状電極30bの上端部を挟み込むようにして、1または複数の電極支持部材31を第2の筒状電極30bに取り付ける。また、副軸受部18bの下部に電極支持部材31の数に対応する1または複数の台座32を固定し、この台座32に電極支持部材31を固定する。
このようにして、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bをシェル2内に取り付けることができる。
次に、本実施の形態3に係る冷媒圧縮装置100における混合液の液面高さおよび油濃度分布の検出について説明する。
本実施の形態3に係る冷媒圧縮装置100では、第1の筒状電極30aおよび第2の筒状電極30bのそれぞれが設けられた位置における混合液の油濃度を検出する。そして、検出されたそれぞれの油濃度に基づき、混合液の液面高さおよび油濃度分布を検出する。
なお、以下の説明において、「油濃度が高い」とは、摺動部を十分に潤滑することができる程度の濃度であり、例えば、第2の濃度よりも濃度が高いことをいうものとする。
この場合には、位置Aおよび位置Bにおいて、ともに混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端以上であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aおよび位置Bにおける油濃度がともに高いため、混合液中に高い割合で冷凍機油が存在するとともに、この冷凍機油がほぼ一様に分布していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aにおいてのみ、混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端未満であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aにおける油濃度が高いため、混合液中に高い割合で冷凍機油が存在するとともに、この冷凍機油がほぼ一様に分布していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aおよび位置Bにおいて、ともに混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端以上であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aの油濃度が位置Bの油濃度よりも高いため、混合液中の冷凍機油が下部側に偏在していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aにおいてのみ、混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端未満であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aにおける油濃度が低いため、混合液中に低い割合で冷凍機油が存在するとともに、この冷凍機油がほぼ一様に分布していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aおよび位置Bにおいて、ともに混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端以上であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aの油濃度が位置Bの油濃度よりも低いため、混合液中の冷凍機油が上部側に偏在していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aおよび位置Bにおいて、ともに混合液の油濃度を検出しているため、混合液の液面高さが第2の筒状電極30bの下端以上であることを検出することができる。また、位置Aおよび位置Bにおける油濃度がともに低いため、混合液中に低い割合で冷凍機油が存在するとともに、この冷凍機油がほぼ一様に分布していることを検出することができる。
この場合には、位置Aおよび位置Bのいずれの位置においても、混合液の油濃度を検出していないため、混合液が枯渇していることを検出することができる。また、混合液が枯渇しているため、冷凍機油の分布を検出することができない。
なお、液冷媒の排出制御については、後述する実施の形態4で説明する。
そして、ベルトヒータ、拘束通電等によって液冷媒を加熱して冷媒をガス化し、位置Aにおける混合液の油濃度を検出する。検出の結果、混合液の油濃度が高くなった場合に、圧縮機1の運転を再開する。
これにより、第1の筒状電極30aとシェル2との間に存在する混合液は、油ポンプ19の吸入口19aから実際に吸い上げられる混合液の油濃度と同等の液となる。そのため、油濃度検出部41は、油ポンプ19によって実際に吸い上げられる混合液の油濃度を検出することになるので、混合液の油濃度の検出精度をより向上させることができる。
次に、本発明の実施の形態4に係る圧縮機について説明する。
一般に、液冷媒の比重は冷凍機油の比重よりも大きいため、滞留部6に滞留する混合液では、底部側に滞留する混合液の方が上部側に滞留する混合液よりも油濃度が低くなる。
そこで、本実施の形態4では、滞留部6の底部側に滞留した混合液を直接取り出し、混合液の油濃度を高くするようにしている。
図15は、本発明の実施の形態4に係る圧縮機1の一例を正面から見た際の要部断面を模式的に示す図である。なお、図15の例は、実施の形態1~3と同様に、圧縮機1としてスクロール圧縮機を用いた場合を示す。また、実施の形態1~3に係る圧縮機1と同様の部分には、同一の符号を付し、詳細な説明を省略する。
図15に示すように、本実施の形態4に係る圧縮機1は、滞留部6の底部に油取り出し装置21を備える。
開閉装置21aは、その開閉により、滞留部6に滞留した混合液の外部への排出を制御する。開閉装置21aの開閉動作は、制御部42によって制御される。
油取り出し管21bは、外部に排出される混合液が通過する管であり、図示しない油分離器に接続されている。
第3の濃度は、混合液中の油濃度を高くするための閾値であり、混合液中の冷凍機油よりも液冷媒が多く含まれている状態の濃度である。具体的には、第3の濃度は、例えば30%に設定される。
そして、制御部42は、油濃度検出部41から受け取った情報が示す油濃度と第3の濃度とを比較し、例えば、混合液中の油濃度が第3の濃度以下である場合に、油取り出し装置21における開閉装置21aが「開」状態となるように制御する。
次に、本実施の形態4に係る圧縮機1を備えた冷媒圧縮装置100における油濃度調整処理の流れについて説明する。
図16は、図15の圧縮機1を備えた冷媒圧縮装置100における油濃度調整処理の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
一方、油濃度が第3の濃度以上である判断した場合(ステップS13;NO)には、一連の処理が終了する。
ここで、「第1の高さ」とは、例えば、混合液の液面高さが油ポンプ19の吸入口19aよりも少し上側となる高さである。
この場合、制御部42は、例えば、第1の筒状電極30aによって検出された比誘電率に基づいて液面高さが検出され、かつ、第2の筒状電極30bによって検出された比誘電率に基づいて液面高さが検出されないことにより、混合液の液面高さが第1の高さであると判断する。
一方、混合液の液面高さが第1の高さより高いと判断した場合(ステップS15;NO)には、処理がステップS15に戻り、制御部42は、液面高さが第1の高さ以下となるまでステップS15の処理を繰り返す。
また、外部に排出した混合液から冷凍機油を分離して圧縮機1に戻すため、混合液の油濃度をさらに高くすることができる。
また、外部に排出した混合液に含まれる冷凍機油を圧縮機1に戻すことにより、混合液の油濃度をさらに高くすることができる。
例えば、実施の形態1~4では、油濃度検出部41および制御部42を別体構成として説明したが、これに限られず、例えば、油濃度検出部41および制御部42を一体構成として、制御部42に混合液の油濃度を検出する機能を持たせてもよい。
Claims (14)
- 冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機構部と、
前記圧縮機構部を駆動する電動機構部と、
前記圧縮機構部および前記電動機構部を収容するシェルと、
前記シェル内に設けられ、少なくとも冷凍機油を含む液冷媒との混合液を滞留させる滞留部と、
前記滞留部内に配設され、前記シェルの内面と対向する電極と
を有する圧縮機と、
前記電極および該電極に対向する前記シェルの間に存在する前記混合液の比誘電率を検出する比誘電率検出部と、
検出された前記比誘電率に基づき、前記混合液における前記冷凍機油の割合を示す油濃度を検出する油濃度検出部と、
検出された前記油濃度に基づき、前記圧縮機の動作および前記圧縮機が接続される冷媒回路の冷媒流量の少なくとも一方を制御する制御部と
を備える冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記圧縮機は、
前記電動機構部によって駆動する主軸と、
前記主軸の上端部を支持する主軸受部と、
前記滞留部内に設けられ、前記主軸の下端部を支持する副軸受部と
をさらに有し、
前記電極は、
前記副軸受部よりも上部側に配置される
請求項1に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記圧縮機は、
前記滞留部内に設けられ、前記混合液を吸い上げる油ポンプをさらに有し、
前記電極は、
前記油ポンプを囲むように配置される
請求項1に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記電極は、
前記油ポンプの吸入口の高さの位置に配置される第1の電極と、
該第1の電極の上部側に該第1の電極と絶縁されるように配置される第2の電極とで構成される
請求項3に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記圧縮機は、
前記滞留部の底部に、前記混合液を外部に排出するために開閉動作を行う開閉装置が設けられた油取り出し装置を有し、
前記制御部は、
前記油取り出し装置における前記開閉装置の開閉を制御して、前記混合液の油濃度を調整する
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記比誘電率検出部は、
前記電極および該電極に対向する前記シェルによる静電容量に基づき、前記比誘電率を検出し、
前記油濃度検出部は、
比誘電率と前記油濃度との関係を示す油濃度情報と、検出された前記比誘電率とに基づき、前記油濃度を検出し、
前記制御部は、
検出された前記油濃度が予め設定された第1の濃度以下である場合に、前記圧縮機の動作を停止するように制御し、
検出された前記油濃度が予め設定された、前記第1の濃度よりも大きい第2の濃度以下である場合に、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒流量を制御する
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記制御部は、
検出された前記油濃度に基づき、前記混合液の液面高さを検出する
請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記第1の電極によって検出された前記混合液の油濃度と、前記第2の電極によって検出された前記混合液の油濃度とに基づき、前記滞留部に滞留する前記混合液の液面高さを検出する
請求項4~7のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記制御部は、
前記第1の電極によって検出された前記混合液の油濃度と、前記第2の電極によって検出された前記混合液の油濃度とに基づき、前記滞留部に滞留する前記混合液の油濃度分布を検出する
請求項4~8のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記制御部は、
検出された前記油濃度が予め設定された第3の濃度未満である場合に、前記開閉装置を開状態とし、
前記滞留部に滞留した前記混合液の液面高さが予め設定された第1の高さ以下となった場合に、前記開閉装置を閉状態とするように制御する
請求項5~9のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記圧縮機は、
前記滞留部内に設けられ、前記電動機構部によって駆動する主軸の下端部を支持する副軸受部
をさらに有し、
前記電極は、
上端および下端の少なくとも一方が非導電性部材で形成された電極支持部材によって支持され、前記電極支持部材が前記電動機構部の下端、前記シェルの内壁、前記シェルの底面部、および前記副軸受部の少なくとも1つに固定されることにより、前記滞留部内に配設される
請求項1に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 前記電極は、
非導電性部材を介して前記シェルの内壁に固定されることにより、前記滞留部内に配設される
請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置。 - 請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の冷媒圧縮装置、熱源側熱交換器、膨張弁および利用側熱交換器を冷媒配管で順次接続して冷媒を循環させる冷媒回路を備える冷凍装置。
- 前記熱源側熱交換器および前記膨張弁の間と、前記利用側熱交換器および前記圧縮機の間とを接続するバイパス回路と、
前記バイパス回路に設けられ、前記制御部からの信号を受けて冷媒の流量を調整する絞り装置と
をさらに備える請求項13に記載の冷凍装置。
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JPH03225090A (ja) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-10-04 | Toshiba Corp | 圧縮機 |
JPH0798168A (ja) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-04-11 | Toshiba Corp | 潤滑油の希釈度及び冷媒の成分比検出装置 |
JP3511775B2 (ja) * | 1995-12-27 | 2004-03-29 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 流体機械の油検出装置 |
JP2002317785A (ja) * | 2001-04-25 | 2002-10-31 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 冷凍装置、及び冷媒圧縮機 |
US20110239672A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2011-10-06 | Inho Won | Oil level detecting device for a compressor and an air conditioning system having the same |
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JPWO2017134742A1 (ja) | 2018-09-06 |
US20180347556A1 (en) | 2018-12-06 |
JP6628815B2 (ja) | 2020-01-15 |
GB2562390A (en) | 2018-11-14 |
GB201810385D0 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
GB2562390B (en) | 2021-07-21 |
US11773838B2 (en) | 2023-10-03 |
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