WO2017133554A1 - 应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封 - Google Patents

应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017133554A1
WO2017133554A1 PCT/CN2017/072281 CN2017072281W WO2017133554A1 WO 2017133554 A1 WO2017133554 A1 WO 2017133554A1 CN 2017072281 W CN2017072281 W CN 2017072281W WO 2017133554 A1 WO2017133554 A1 WO 2017133554A1
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Prior art keywords
ring
seal
mechanical seal
rotary machine
machine according
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PCT/CN2017/072281
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English (en)
French (fr)
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白明
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沈阳耐蚀合金泵股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017133554A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017133554A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
    • F16J15/181—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings for plastic packings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of mechanical seals, and in particular to a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine.
  • rotating machinery with rotating parts usually employ an end mechanical seal.
  • the end face mechanical seal is a shaft seal device applied to a rotary machine such as a centrifugal pump, a centrifuge, and a compressor.
  • a rotary machine such as a centrifugal pump, a centrifuge, and a compressor.
  • the drive shaft since the drive shaft usually runs inside and outside the equipment, there is a circumferential gap between the drive shaft and the equipment. The medium in the equipment may leak outward through the gap. If the pressure inside the equipment is lower than atmospheric pressure, the air is very It may penetrate into the equipment, so there must be a shaft seal that prevents leakage or infiltration.
  • the mechanical seal of the end face is complicated in structure and inconvenient to disassemble. For example, for a centrifugal pump, the pump head must be removed before the end mechanical seal can be removed. Moreover, the assembly precision of the end face mechanical seal is high, the velocity gradient between the friction faces is variable, and the frictional force changes as the velocity gradient value changes. In addition, the mechanical seal of the end face has an axial force imbalance during use, and it is difficult to handle in the event of an accident. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the above-mentioned defects existing in the prior art.
  • the present application provides a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine.
  • the present invention provides a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine, the shaft mechanical seal comprising a static ring, an elastic seal body and a housing; wherein the static ring is sleeved at the rotation
  • the inner surface of the radial end of the housing and the inner surface of the two side walls enclose a sealed pressure-receiving chamber for communicating a pressure applying device through the conveying pipe, the static ring being located in the radial direction
  • a portion is placed within the housing.
  • a moving ring is disposed between the stationary ring and the main shaft, and the moving ring is sleeved on an outer circumferential surface of the main shaft of the rotating machine and rotates with the main shaft.
  • At least one closed sealing line is disposed on the inner circumferential surface of the stationary ring, and the static ring is used to contract the moving ring when subjected to radial pressure of the elastic sealing body, so that the closing sealing
  • the wire is fitted to the outer circumferential surface of the moving ring to form a seal.
  • the static ring includes a seal ring, and the plurality of the seal rings are stacked to form an annular structure.
  • the seal ring includes blades, and the plurality of the blades are spaced apart on the same circumference.
  • the seal ring further includes a positioning pin on which the mounting portion for mounting the positioning pin is disposed.
  • a circumferential spacing between two adjacent ones of the blades is greater than a diameter of the locating pins.
  • the static ring includes at least two layers of the sealing ring, in the direction of the central axis of the stationary ring, two adjacent layers of the sealing ring are staggered, and the two layers of the sealing ring are The blade alignment settings.
  • the static ring includes at least three layers of the sealing ring, and in the direction of the central axis of the static ring, two adjacent layers of the sealing ring are staggered, and the two layers of the sealing ring are The blade alignment settings.
  • the housing includes two arcuate portions that cooperate with each other.
  • a fixing member with a through hole is disposed on the two curved portions.
  • an outer surface of at least one side wall of the housing is provided with a sealing groove or a sealing surface.
  • the shaft seal of the rotating machine is realized by a relatively simple and easy-to-handle structure, and the speed gradient value between the friction surfaces is a fixed value, and the friction force is small.
  • the use of the socket method reduces the assembly accuracy requirements, and the matching structure of the elastic sealing body and the static ring is also advantageous for eliminating the axial force imbalance during use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a static ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a moving ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of an elastic sealing body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a housing according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine, the shaft mechanical seal comprising a static ring 20, an elastic sealing body 30 and a housing 40; wherein the static ring is sleeved at On the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft of the rotating machine, the elastic sealing body 30 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the stationary ring 20, the elastic sealing body 30 is placed in the casing 40, the outer circumferential surface of the elastic sealing body 30, and the outer casing of the casing 40
  • the inner surface of the radial end portion and the inner surface of the two side walls enclose a sealed pressure-preserving chamber for communicating the pressure applying device through the conveying pipe, and a portion of the stationary ring 20 located in the radial direction is placed in the casing 40 Inside.
  • the shaft seal of the rotary machine is realized by a relatively simple and easy-to-handle structure, and the velocity gradient between the friction surfaces is constant, and the friction is small.
  • the use of the socket method reduces the assembly accuracy requirements, and the matching structure of the elastic sealing body and the static ring is also advantageous for eliminating the axial force imbalance during use.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 1 omits the side wall of the housing to facilitate display of the end surface structure of the stationary ring.
  • 7 is a cross-sectional view of a shaft mechanical seal applied to a rotary machine in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rotating machine refers to a mechanical device with a rotating component, such as a centrifugal pump, a centrifuge, and a compressor.
  • the shaft mechanical seal includes a moving ring 10, a stationary ring 20, an elastic sealing body 30, and a housing 40.
  • a moving ring 10 is disposed between the stationary ring 20 and the main shaft, and the moving ring 10 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft of the rotating machine, and the moving ring 10 rotates along with the main shaft.
  • the stationary ring 20 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the movable ring 10.
  • the elastic sealing body 30 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the stationary ring 20.
  • the elastic sealing body 30 can be made of, for example, an elastic material such as rubber.
  • the housing 40 is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the elastic sealing body 30, and the elastic sealing body 30 is placed in the housing 40, the outer circumferential surface of the elastic sealing body 30, and the radial direction of the housing 40.
  • the inner surface of the end portion and the inner surface of the two side walls enclose a sealed pressure-preserving chamber for communicating the pressure applying device through the conveying pipe, and a portion of the stationary ring 20 located in the radial direction is placed in the housing 40 Inside. Therefore, when the shaft surface mechanical seal is used for the water pump, the pressure applying device may be a water pump, and the pressure backup chamber communicates with the pump chamber of the water pump through the conveying pipe. Of course, the pressure applying device may also select other equipment.
  • the pressing device feeds the medium to the pressure-preserving chamber, and the medium uniformly presses the outer circumferential surface of the static ring through the elastic sealing body to achieve a seal between the static ring and the moving ring.
  • the movable ring 10 is tightly coupled to the outer circumferential surface of the main shaft of the rotary machine, and the movable ring 10 is rotated together with the main shaft; correspondingly, the stationary ring 20, the elastic sealing body 30 and the shell
  • the bodies 40 are sleeved in sequence, and they are in a stationary state with respect to the movable ring 10 as a whole, thereby forming a dynamic seal between the inner circumferential surface of the stationary ring 20 and the outer circumferential surface of the moving ring 10.
  • the elastic sealing body 30 that is sleeved on the outer circumferential surface of the stationary ring 20 can provide a radially inward force to the stationary ring 20, thereby causing the inside of the stationary ring 20
  • the circumferential surface and the outer circumferential surface of the moving ring 10 are closely fitted.
  • the shaft mechanical seal provided by the embodiment of the invention realizes the shaft seal of the rotary machine through a relatively simple and easy-to-handle structure, and the velocity gradient between the friction surfaces is a fixed value, and the friction force is small.
  • the use of the socket method reduces the assembly accuracy requirements, and the matching structure of the elastic sealing body and the static ring is also advantageous for eliminating the axial force imbalance during use.
  • At least one closed seal line is provided on the inner circumferential surface of the stationary ring 20.
  • the stationary ring 20 is contracted by the radial pressure of the elastic sealing body 30, the outer circumferential surface of the closing sealing wire and the moving ring 10 can be made to contract. Fit to form a seal.
  • the sealing performance between the moving ring 10 and the stationary ring 20 is further improved by a simple structural arrangement.
  • the number of closed seal lines can be determined based on conditions such as sealing performance and actual working environment.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a stationary ring according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a blade according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stationary ring 20 may include a plurality of sealing rings stacked together to form an annular structure; each sealing ring may include a plurality of blades 21, the plurality of blades Arranged on the same circumference, that is, the plurality of blades are spaced apart from each other in the circumferential direction.
  • each layer of the sealing ring can also be formed as a complete annular structure without having to be composed of a plurality of blades 21.
  • the number of layers of the seal ring can be two or more than two layers.
  • each of the seal rings may further include a positioning pin 22 on which a mounting portion for mounting the positioning pin may be provided.
  • the mounting portion may be a mounting through hole on the blade, or may be a positioning groove provided on an edge of the blade close to the elastic sealing body.
  • the blades 21 on the different layers can be joined together by the positioning pins 22, which is advantageous for improving the overall structural strength of the stationary ring 20.
  • the multilayer sealing rings can also be stacked together by direct crimping.
  • the circumferential spacing between two adjacent said vanes is greater than the diameter of said locating pin, when the resilient sealing body 30 provides a radially inward force to the stationary ring 20 To achieve the inward contraction of the static ring such that the closed seal line abuts the outer circumferential surface of the moving ring 10 to form a seal.
  • the stationary ring 20 may include at least two layers of sealing rings, and in the direction of the central axis of the stationary ring 20, the blades 21 of the adjacent two sealing rings are staggered. That is, along the central axis direction of the stationary ring 20, on the adjacent two-layer sealing rings, the ends of the corresponding two blades 21 are offset from each other.
  • the static ring 20 may include a three-layer sealing ring, and in the direction of the central axis of the stationary ring 20, the blades 21 of the adjacent two-layer sealing rings are staggered.
  • the blades 21 of the two layers of sealing rings of the compartment are aligned. That is, along the central axis direction of the stationary ring 20, on the adjacent two-layer sealing rings, the ends of the corresponding two blades 21 are arranged offset from each other, in the compartment (not adjacent and spaced apart) On the two-layer sealing ring, the ends of the corresponding two blades 21 are aligned.
  • the static ring 20 when the elastic sealing body 30 provides a radially inward force to the stationary ring 20, the static ring is contracted inwardly, so that the closed sealing line and the outer circumferential surface of the moving ring 10 are fitted together to form a seal, and is convenient.
  • the stationary ring 20 having the above described connection and/or arrangement may also include more than three layers of sealing rings.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a moving ring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the moving ring 10 is an annular body having a certain axial length, and its axial length can be determined according to the structure of the main shaft to which it is fitted.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an elastic sealing body according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elastic sealing body 30 is also an annular body having a certain axial length, and the axial length thereof may be smaller than the axial length of the static ring 20 with which it is fitted, or may be larger than the static ring 20 matched thereto. Axial length.
  • the elastic sealing body 30 can be made of, for example, an elastic material such as rubber.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a casing in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the housing 40 includes two arcuate portions that cooperate with each other.
  • the two arcuate portions may be coupled to each other by bolts or splicing to form an integral structure of the housing 40.
  • a fixing member 41 with a through hole may be provided in both of the curved portions, and the housing 40 is fixed by the fixing member 41, for example, to the pump body.
  • the outer surface of at least one side wall of the housing 40 is provided with a sealing groove or sealing surface for sealing between the outer surface of the side wall of the housing and the component of the stationary housing.
  • the shaft mechanical seal of the present invention has a simple structure, convenient installation and disassembly, and the speed gradient between the friction surfaces is constant, and the friction is small, so that the rotary machine can be better satisfied. Shaft seal requirements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，轴面机械密封包括静环（20）、弹性密封体（30）和壳体（40）；其中，静环套接在旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，弹性密封体套接在静环的外圆周面上，弹性密封体置于壳体内，弹性密封体的外圆周面、壳体的径向端部的内表面及两个侧壁的内表面围成密封的备压腔，备压腔用于通过输送管连通施压装置，静环的位于径向上的一部分置于壳体内。该轴面机械密封通过较为简单、易装卸的结构实现了旋转机械的轴密封，并且摩擦面之间的速度梯度值为定值，摩擦力小。

Description

应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封 技术领域
本发明涉及机械密封领域，特别涉及一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封。
背景技术
目前，带有旋转部件的旋转机械通常采用端面机械密封。端面机械密封是一种应用于旋转机械的轴封装置，所述旋转机械例如是离心泵、离心机和压缩机等设备。在旋转机械中，由于传动轴通常贯穿在设备内外，传动轴与设备之间存在一个圆周间隙，设备中的介质可能会通过该间隙向外泄漏，如果设备内压力低于大气压时，则空气很可能向设备内渗入，因此必须有一个阻止泄漏或渗入的轴封装置。
遗憾的是，端面机械密封的结构复杂，拆卸不便。例如对离心泵而言，必须将泵头拆卸后，才能拆卸端面机械密封。并且，端面机械密封的装配精度要求高，摩擦面之间的速度梯度为变值，摩擦力随着速度梯度值的变化而变化。另外，端面机械密封在使用过程中存在轴向力不平衡的现象，发生偶然事故时处理较困难。因此，有必要针对现有技术中存在的上述缺陷进行改进。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术中的端面机械密封存在的结构复杂、拆卸和装配不方便等缺陷，本申请提供了一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，所述轴面机械密封包括静环、弹性密封体和壳体；其中，所述静环套接在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，所述弹性密封体套接在所述静环的外圆周面上，所述弹性密封体置于所述壳体内，所述弹性密封体的外圆周面、所述壳体的径向端部的内表面及两个侧壁的内表面围成密封的备压腔，所述备压腔用于通过输送管连通施压装置，所述静环的位于径向上的一部分置于所述壳体内。
进一步地，所述静环和主轴之间设置有动环，所述动环用于套接在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上并随所述主轴旋转。
进一步地，所述静环的内圆周面上设有至少一条闭合密封线，所述静环用于在受到所述弹性密封体的径向压力时向所述动环收缩，使得所述闭合密封线与所述动环的外圆周面贴合形成密封。
进一步地，所述静环包括密封环，多层所述密封环叠置在一起形成环状结构。
进一步地，所述密封环包括叶片，多个所述叶片在同一个圆周上间隔布置。
进一步地，所述密封环还包括定位销，所述叶片上设置有用于安装所述定位销的安装部。
进一步地，相邻的两个所述叶片之间的周向间隔大于所述定位销的直径。
进一步地，所述静环包括至少两层所述密封环，在所述静环的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层所述密封环的叶片错开设置，隔层的两层所述密封环的叶片对齐设置。
进一步地，所述静环包括至少三层所述密封环，在所述静环的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层所述密封环的叶片错开设置，隔层的两层所述密封环的叶片对齐设置。
进一步地，所述壳体包括相互配合的两个弧形部分。
进一步地，所述两个弧形部分上均设置有带通孔的固定件。
进一步地，所述壳体的至少一个侧壁的外表面设置有密封槽或密封面。
应用本发明的技术方案，通过较为简单、易装卸的结构实现了旋转机械的轴密封，并且摩擦面之间的速度梯度值为定值，摩擦力小。此外，采用了套接的方式降低了装配精度的要求，弹性密封体和静环等的配合结构也有利于消除使用时的轴向力不平衡现象。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是根据本发明实施例的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封的结构示意图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的静环的结构示意图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的叶片的结构示意图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的动环的结构示意图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的弹性密封体的结构示意图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的壳体的结构示意图；以及
图7是根据本发明实施例的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封的剖视图。
具体实施方式
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。
为了解决现有技术存在的缺陷，本发明提供了一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，轴面机械密封包括静环20、弹性密封体30和壳体40；其中，静环套接在旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，弹性密封体30套接在静环20的外圆周面上，弹性密封体30置于壳体40内，弹性密封体30的外圆周面、壳体40的径向端部的内表面及两个侧壁的内表面围成密封的备压腔，备压腔用于通过输送管连通施压装置，静环20的位于径向上的一部分置于壳体40内。
根据本发明提供的技术方案，通过较为简单、易装卸的结构实现了旋转机械的轴密封，并且摩擦面之间的速度梯度值为定值，摩擦力小。此外，采用了套接的方式降低了装配精度的要求，弹性密封体和静环等的配合结构也有利于消除使用时的轴向力不平衡现象。
图1是根据本发明实施例的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封的结构示意图，其中，图1省略了壳体的侧壁，以方便静环的端面结构的显示。图7是根据本发明实施例的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封的剖视图。所述旋转机械是指带有旋转部件的机械设备，例如离心泵、离心机和压缩机等设备。如图1和图7所示，所述轴面机械密封包括动环10、静环20、弹性密封体30和壳体40。
其中，静环20和主轴之间设置有动环10，动环10用于套接在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，并且动环10会随着主轴旋转。静环20套接在动环10的外圆周面上。弹性密封体30套接在静环20的外圆周面上。弹性密封体30例如可以采用橡胶等具有弹性的材料制成。
如图7所示，壳体40套接在弹性密封体30的外圆周面上，并且，弹性密封体30置于壳体40内，弹性密封体30的外圆周面、壳体40的径向端部的内表面及两个侧壁的内表面围成密封的备压腔，所述备压腔用于通过输送管连通施压装置，静环20的位于径向上的一部分置于壳体40内。由此，当所述轴面机械密封用于水泵时，所述施压装置可以是水泵，所述备压腔通过输送管连通水泵的泵腔，当然，施压装置也可以选用其他设备。所述施压设备向备压腔输送介质，介质通过弹性密封体对静环的外圆周面均匀施压，实现静环和动环之间的密封。
在上述结构中，动环10紧密结合在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，并且动环10连通所述主轴一起旋转；与之对应的是，静环20、弹性密封体30和壳体40依次套接，并且它们作为一个整体相对于动环10处于静止状态，从而在静环20的内圆周面和动环10的外圆周面之间形成动密封。
并且，当动环10随着所述主轴旋转时，套接在静环20的外圆周面上的弹性密封体30能够为静环20提供径向向内的力，从而使得静环20的内圆周面和动环10的外圆周面紧密贴合。
由此，本发明实施例提供的轴面机械密封通过较为简单、易装卸的结构实现了旋转机械的轴密封，并且摩擦面之间的速度梯度值为定值，摩擦力小。此外，采用了套接的方式降低了装配精度的要求，弹性密封体和静环等的配合结构也有利于消除使用时的轴向力不平衡现象。
优选地，在静环20的内圆周面上，设有至少一条闭合密封线。由此，当静环20受到弹性密封体30的径向压力时向动环10收缩，就可以使得所述闭合密封线与动环10的外圆周面 贴合形成密封。从而，通过简单的结构设置，进一步提高了动环10和静环20之间的密封性能。当然，闭合密封线的数量可以根据对密封性能的要求和实际工作环境等条件来确定。
图2是根据本发明实施例的静环的结构示意图，图3是根据本发明实施例的叶片的结构示意图。
如图2和图3所示，静环20可以包括多层密封环，所述多层密封环叠置在一起形成环状结构；每个密封环可以包括多个叶片21，所述多个叶片在同一个圆周上间隔布置，即，所述多个叶片在周向上彼此隔开。当然，每层密封环也可以形成为完整的环状结构，而不必由多片叶片21组合而成。密封环的层数可以是两层或多于两层。
并且，每层密封环还可以包括定位销22，叶片21上可以设置用于安装所述定位销的安装部。所述安装部可以是所述叶片上的安装通孔，也可以是所述叶片靠近所述弹性密封体的边缘上设置的定位槽。由此，可以通过定位销22将位于不同层上的叶片21连接在一起，有利于提高静环20的整体结构强度。当然，也可以通过直接压接的方式将多层密封环叠置在一起。
优选地，在采用定位销22的时候，相邻的两个所述叶片之间的周向间隔大于所述定位销的直径，当弹性密封体30为静环20提供径向向内的力时，以实现静环向内收缩，使得所述闭合密封线与动环10的外圆周面贴合形成密封。
优选地，静环20可以包括至少两层密封环，并且在静环20的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层密封环的叶片21错开设置。也即，沿着静环20的中心轴线方向，在相邻的两层密封环上，对应的两个叶片21的端部是相互错开设置的。
优选地，如图2所示，在采用定位销22的时候，静环20可以包括三层密封环，在静环20的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层密封环的叶片21错开设置，隔层的两层密封环的叶片21对齐设置。也即，沿着静环20的中心轴线方向，在相邻的两层密封环上，对应的两个叶片21的端部是相互错开设置的，在隔层(不相邻且间隔一层)的两层密封环上，对应的两个叶片21的端部是对齐设置的。
由此，当弹性密封体30为静环20提供径向向内的力时，实现了静环向内收缩，使得所述闭合密封线与动环10的外圆周面贴合形成密封，并且方便了利用定位销22连接不同层的叶片21，也通过特别设定的错开设置和对齐设置方式，保证了静环20在周向上的结构强度均匀和质量分布均匀。当然，视应用场合而定，具有上述连接和/或设置方式的静环20也可以包括多于三层的密封环。
图4是根据本发明实施例的动环的结构示意图。如图4所示，动环10是具有一定轴向长度的环状体，其轴向长度可以根据与之配合的所述主轴的结构来确定。
图5是根据本发明实施例的弹性密封体的结构示意图。如图5所示，弹性密封体30也是具有一定轴向长度的环状体，其轴向长度既可以小于与之配合的静环20的轴向长度，也可以大于与之配合的静环20的轴向长度。弹性密封体30例如可以采用橡胶等具有弹性的材料制成。
图6是根据本发明实施例的壳体的结构示意图。结合图1和图6，壳体40包括相互配合的两个弧形部分，例如，两个弧形部分可以通过插销或榫接的方式相互配合，共同构成壳体40的整体结构。两个弧形部分上均可以设置带通孔的固定件41，壳体40通过固定件41固定，例如固定在泵体上。此外，壳体40的至少一个侧壁的外表面设置有密封槽或密封面，用于所述壳体的侧壁的外表面与固定壳体的部件之间的密封。
与现有技术相比，本发明所述的轴面机械密封的结构简单，安装拆卸方便，并且摩擦面之间的速度梯度值为定值，摩擦力小，因此能够更好地满足旋转机械的轴密封要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述轴面机械密封包括静环、弹性密封体和壳体；
    其中，所述静环套接在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上，所述弹性密封体套接在所述静环的外圆周面上，所述弹性密封体置于所述壳体内，所述弹性密封体的外圆周面、所述壳体的径向端部的内表面及两个侧壁的内表面围成密封的备压腔，所述备压腔用于通过输送管连通施压装置，所述静环的位于径向上的一部分置于所述壳体内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述静环和主轴之间设置有动环，所述动环用于套接在所述旋转机械的主轴的外圆周面上并随所述主轴旋转。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述静环的内圆周面上设有至少一条闭合密封线，所述静环用于在受到所述弹性密封体的径向压力时向所述动环收缩，使得所述闭合密封线与所述动环的外圆周面贴合形成密封。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述静环包括密封环，多层所述密封环叠置在一起形成环状结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述密封环包括叶片，多个所述叶片在同一个圆周上间隔布置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述密封环还包括定位销，所述叶片上设置有用于安装所述定位销的安装部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，相邻的两个所述叶片之间的周向间隔大于所述定位销的直径。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述静环包括至少两层所述密封环，在所述静环的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层所述密封环的叶片错开设置。
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述静环包括至少三层所述密封环，在所述静环的中心轴线方向上，相邻的两层所述密封环的叶片错开设置，隔层的两层所述密封环的叶片对齐设置。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述壳体包括相互配合的两个弧形部分。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述两个弧形部分上均设置有带通孔的固定件。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的应用于旋转机械的轴面机械密封，其特征在于，所述壳体的至少一个侧壁的外表面设置有密封槽或密封面。
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