WO2017124867A1 - 汽车电气系统和用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统 - Google Patents

汽车电气系统和用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统 Download PDF

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WO2017124867A1
WO2017124867A1 PCT/CN2016/110656 CN2016110656W WO2017124867A1 WO 2017124867 A1 WO2017124867 A1 WO 2017124867A1 CN 2016110656 W CN2016110656 W CN 2016110656W WO 2017124867 A1 WO2017124867 A1 WO 2017124867A1
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bus
module
isolation
buses
electrical system
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PCT/CN2016/110656
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English (en)
French (fr)
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胡明寅
邓乐轩
何彬
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蔚来汽车有限公司
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Application filed by 蔚来汽车有限公司 filed Critical 蔚来汽车有限公司
Priority to JP2018557171A priority Critical patent/JP2019505152A/ja
Priority to EP16886127.6A priority patent/EP3407566A4/en
Priority to KR1020187023941A priority patent/KR102576607B1/ko
Priority to US16/071,792 priority patent/US20190023198A1/en
Publication of WO2017124867A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017124867A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40169—Flexible bus arrangements
    • H04L12/40176—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy
    • H04L12/40189—Flexible bus arrangements involving redundancy by using a plurality of bus systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F13/00—Interconnection of, or transfer of information or other signals between, memories, input/output devices or central processing units
    • G06F13/38—Information transfer, e.g. on bus
    • G06F13/40—Bus structure
    • G06F13/4004—Coupling between buses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
    • H04L12/40013—Details regarding a bus controller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L12/40006—Architecture of a communication node
    • H04L12/40032—Details regarding a bus interface enhancer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/66—Arrangements for connecting between networks having differing types of switching systems, e.g. gateways
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
    • B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
    • B60R16/023—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for transmission of signals between vehicle parts or subsystems
    • B60R16/0231—Circuits relating to the driving or the functioning of the vehicle
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0421—Multiprocessor system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40208—Bus networks characterized by the use of a particular bus standard
    • H04L2012/40215—Controller Area Network CAN
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L12/00—Data switching networks
    • H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
    • H04L12/40—Bus networks
    • H04L2012/40267—Bus for use in transportation systems
    • H04L2012/40273—Bus for use in transportation systems the transportation system being a vehicle

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to automotive circuits, and in particular to an automotive electrical system and an isolation system for an automotive electrical system.
  • the car bus system essentially connects the various ECU nodes inside the car through a communication protocol (such as the CAN protocol) to form a local area network of the car.
  • the node completes predetermined control functions and actions according to its own sensor information and information on the bus, such as lighting on and off, motor start and stop, etc., and communication between nodes is realized through a bus.
  • Each node is generally composed of an MCU (or DSP, etc.), an interface circuit, a bus controller, a bus driver, and the like.
  • bus standards have appeared in the car, from the functional point of the bus, can be divided into two categories, one is the control strategy-driven bus, such as SAE J1850, German Volkswagen ABUS, Bosch CAN, ISO11898 and ISO11519, IBM's AutoCAN, ISO's VAN, Hyundai's PALMNET, and LIN for low-speed applications.
  • the other type is a multimedia bus for the purpose of mass data transmission, such as IDB-C, IDB-1394, MOST, AMIC-C, and the like.
  • CN101350756A discloses a CAN bus communication system.
  • the CAN bus communication system is composed of a CAN bus and a LIN bus, and has five network channels, and each network channel is connected through a gateway to realize information sharing.
  • this prior art has some problems. Specifically, when a module on one bus needs to communicate with a module on another bus, it needs to be transmitted to the gateway through its own bus and transmitted to the bus where the target module is located via the gateway. In this way, on the one hand, it takes up too many communication lines, and on the other hand, there are also security risks. More specifically, when any bus or gateway fails or is maliciously hacked, communication between different modules on the two buses may not be possible or stolen or tampered with.
  • the present invention is directed to solving the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problem of inefficiency and poor security in communication between modules of existing automobile bus systems on different buses.
  • the present invention provides an automotive electrical system.
  • the automotive electrical system includes a gateway and a plurality of buses connected in parallel to the gateway, each of the buses having at least one module connected in parallel, wherein the automotive electrical system further includes an isolation system, and the isolation system is disposed at Between at least two buses in the bus for connecting modules on one bus to modules on another bus.
  • the bus is a CAN bus and/or the isolation system is an ICAN isolated bus.
  • the ICAN isolation bus interconnects modules on at least two of the power bus, the body bus, and the ADAS bus.
  • the module on the power bus that is connected by the ICAN isolation bus includes at least one of a VCU module, an MCU module, and a BMS module.
  • the module on the body bus that is connected by the ICAN isolation bus includes an ESP module.
  • the modules on the ADAS bus that are connected by the ICAN isolation bus include an ADAS module.
  • a CAN transceiver is provided on the controller of each of said modules.
  • an isolation system for an automotive electrical system comprising a gateway and a plurality of buses connected in parallel to the gateway, each of the buses having at least one module connected in parallel
  • the isolation system is disposed between at least two buses in the bus for connecting modules on one bus to modules on another bus.
  • the bus is a CAN bus
  • the isolation system is an ICAN isolation bus interconnecting modules on at least two of the power bus, the body bus, and the ADAS bus stand up.
  • a method for isolating an automotive electrical system comprising a gateway and a plurality of CAN buses connected in parallel to the gateway, each of the CAN buses being connected in parallel There are at least one module whose characteristics are The method includes connecting a module on one of the CAN buses to a module on another of the CAN buses via an ICAN isolation bus.
  • ICAN isolation buses are provided between different CAN buses, modules on different buses can communicate directly via the ICAN isolation bus, and it is not necessary to pass through the bus and gateway where they are located, which not only saves a lot of money.
  • the communication line also avoids the communication leakage caused by the failure of part of the CAN bus or the gateway or the communication cannot be performed, and the safety of the internal communication of the automobile is remarkably improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a topological view of a prior art automotive bus system.
  • FIG. 2 is a topological view of a car bus system of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a module in an automobile bus system of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a partial enlarged view of the automobile bus system of the present invention.
  • the automobile bus system includes three buses, namely, a power bus, a body bus, and an ADAS bus (ie, an Advanced Driver Assistant System, ADAS for short). Information sharing is achieved between the three buses through a gateway connection.
  • ADAS Advanced Driver Assistant System
  • Information sharing is achieved between the three buses through a gateway connection.
  • the VCU module vehicle control unit
  • ESP electronic stability program
  • the automotive electrical system of the present invention also includes a gateway and a power bus, a body bus, and an ADAS bus connected in parallel to the gateway, each of which has at least one module connected in parallel.
  • a VCU module, an MCU module (micro control unit), a BMS module (battery management system), a DCDC module (direct current converter), and a charger are connected to the power bus.
  • a DC charging station is also connected to the VCU module.
  • An ESP module and an EPB module (electronic parking) are connected to the body bus.
  • An ADAS module is connected to the ADAS bus. It should be noted that the specific content and number of modules shown in FIG. 2 are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art may provide different, more or fewer modules as needed.
  • the automotive electrical system of the present invention is characterized by further including an ICAN isolation bus (Isolation CAN Bus).
  • ICAN isolation bus Isolation CAN Bus
  • the ICAN isolation bus of Figure 2 is placed between the power bus, the body bus and the ADAS bus for connecting modules on one bus to modules on another bus.
  • the module connected to the ICAN isolation bus on the power bus includes a VCU module, an MCU module, and a BMS module, and the module connected to the ICAN isolation bus on the body bus is ESP.
  • a module, the module connected to the ICAN isolated bus on the ADAS bus is an ADAS module.
  • ICAN isolated bus is named "isolated bus", which means that the bus directly connects the modules on other buses, and isolates these modules with respect to the gateway.
  • ICAN isolated bus can also be referred to as a "short bus” because the bus directly connects modules on different buses without going through a gateway.
  • short bus the specific content and number of modules connected by the ICAN isolated bus shown in FIG. 2 are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can connect different, more or fewer modules depending on the specific application. This does not depart from the basic principles of the invention and therefore will fall within the scope of the invention.
  • the present invention also provides an isolation system for an automobile bus system, which includes a gateway and a power bus, a body bus, and an ADAS bus connected in parallel to the gateway, each of which is connected in parallel. At least one module.
  • the isolation system is characterized in that it is disposed between at least two of the buses for connecting modules on one bus to modules on another bus.
  • the bus is a CAN bus
  • the isolation system is an ICAN isolation bus interconnecting modules on at least two of the power bus, the body bus, and the ADAS bus.
  • the invention also provides a method for isolating an automobile bus system, the vehicle bus system comprising a gateway and a power bus, a body bus and an ADAS bus connected in parallel to the gateway, each of the buses having at least one module connected in parallel .
  • the method is characterized by the steps of connecting modules on one of the three buses to modules on another bus via an ICAN isolation bus.
  • the isolation system of the present invention adds double protection to the automobile bus system. If the gateway is maliciously invaded, the information of the bus (power bus, body bus or ADAS bus) may be modified, resulting in errors and Unintentional operation. When an individual module detects an error message, it takes a set security action. If it occurs in the front and rear motor control system, the controller may stop the motor output to prevent accidents. This unintentional operation can lead to a driver's safety hazard, in which case the isolation system protects important information from being affected. Connecting important modules to the ICAN isolation bus, important information is not affected and non-user (hacker) control modules are prevented, control and operation of individual modules must have the positioning of the CAN communication protocol in order to properly command and control each module.
  • the information transmission priority is set in the CAN communication, and the set priority value cannot be changed.
  • the smaller the value, the higher the priority order, and the important module is connected to the ICAN isolation bus, which can share the power bus.
  • Load rate of the body bus or ADAS bus while reducing the delay rate of information to be forwarded to the specified module via the gateway.
  • the ICAN isolation bus can also improve the stability of the system, and can specify individual modules to work, while other modules can enter the power saving mode, which makes the whole system more energy efficient. For example, a DC charging station can only wake up the VCU module and other modules remain asleep.
  • FIG. 3 there is shown a block diagram of the modules of the automotive bus system of the present invention.
  • the controller of each module of the present invention is provided with a CAN transceiver.
  • the arrangement of the present invention enables modules on different buses to communicate through the ICAN isolation bus, and also saves output input port resources and simplifies the circuit structure.
  • the upstream and downstream signals are respectively calibrated in the CAN communication protocol
  • the upstream information holds the ID2
  • the downstream information holds the ID1
  • both information have the highest priority value on the CAN bus. It will not be able to communicate because the CAN bus is occupied by higher priority signals, and both sides can send important information at the same time, reducing the bus. Load and reduce the delay rate. Furthermore, the delay rate may be caused by an error frame in CAN communication.
  • the system When the information is sent incorrectly, the system will enter the error counting process, and the sending error counter will be superimposed until the module is turned off (Bus Off) until the Bus Off is specified.
  • the bus will always be occupied and other modules will be unusable.
  • the vehicle control unit VCU can transmit an emergency failure command via the ICAN isolation bus to ensure driver safety.

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Abstract

一种汽车电气系统，旨在解决现有汽车总线系统在不同总线模块进行通信方面效率低下、安全性差的问题。为此目的，该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条CAN总线，每条所述CAN总线上都并联有至少一个模块，所述汽车电气系统还包括ICAN隔离总线，该ICAN隔离总线设置在所述CAN总线中的至少两条总线之间，用于将一条CAN总线上的模块连接到另一条CAN总线上的模块。还公开了一种用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统以及一种用于对汽车电气系统进行隔离的方法。本领域技术人员容易理解的是，由于不同的CAN总线之间设置有ICAN隔离总线，不同总线上的模块可以经由ICAN隔离总线直接通信，无需通过自身所在总线和网关，不但大幅度节省了通信线路，而且还避免了因CAN总线或网关故障等造成的通信泄漏或通信无法进行。

Description

汽车电气系统和用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车电路，具体提供一种汽车电气系统和用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统。
背景技术
汽车总线系统实质上是通过某种通讯协议(如CAN协议)，将汽车内部的各个ECU节点联结起来，从而形成一个汽车内部的局域网络。节点根据自身的传感器信息以及总线上的信息，完成预定的控制功能和动作，如灯光开闭、电机启停等，节点之间的通讯通过总线来实现。每个节点一般由MCU(或DSP等)、接口电路、总线控制器、总线驱动器等构成。迄今为止，在汽车上已经出现了多种总线标准，从总线所实现的功能角度分，可分为两类，一类是控制策略驱动的总线，如SAE的J1850、德国大众的ABUS、博世的CAN、ISO11898和ISO11519、美国IBM的AutoCAN、ISO的VAN、马自达的PALMNET、以及用于低速场合的LIN等。另一类是以大量数据传输为目的的多媒体总线，如IDB-C、IDB-1394、MOST、AMIC-C等。
作为现有技术，CN101350756A公开了一种CAN总线通讯系统。该CAN总线通讯系统由CAN总线和LIN总线构成，共有五条网络通道，各个网络通道之间通过网关连接，实现信息共享。然而，该现有技术存在一些问题。具体而言，当一条总线上的模块需要与另一条总线上的模块通信时，都需要先经过自身所在总线传输到网关，并经由网关传输给目标模块所在的总线。这样一来，一方面占用了过多的通信线路，另一方面也存在安全隐患。更具体地，当任何一条总线或网关出现故障或被恶意侵入时，两条总线上的不同模块之间的通信就有可能无法进行或者被窃取或篡改。
因此，本领域需要一种新的汽车电气系统来解决这些问题。
发明内容
本发明旨在解决现有技术中的上述问题，即，旨在解决现有汽车总线系统在不同总线上的模块进行通信方面效率低下、安全性差的问题。为此目的，本发明提供一种汽车电气系统。该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块，其特征在于，所述汽车电气系统还包括隔离系统，该隔离系统设置在所述总线中的至少两条总线之间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，所述总线是CAN总线，并且/或者所述隔离系统是ICAN隔离总线。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，所述ICAN隔离总线将动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线中的至少两个上的模块互连起来。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，所述动力总线上的被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括VCU模块、MCU模块和BMS模块中的至少一个。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，所述车身总线上的被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括ESP模块。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，所述ADAS总线上的被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括ADAS模块。
在上述汽车电气系统的优选实施方式中，每个所述模块的控制器上都设置有CAN收发器。
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统，该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块，其特征在于，所述隔离系统设置在所述总线中的至少两条总线之间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。
在上述隔离系统的优选实施方式中，所述总线是CAN总线，所述隔离系统是ICAN隔离总线，所述ICAN隔离总线将动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线中的至少两个上的模块互连起来。
根据本发明的又一个方面，提供一种用于对汽车电气系统进行隔离的方法，该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条CAN总线，每条所述CAN总线上都并联有至少一个模块，其特征在 于，所述方法包括通过ICAN隔离总线将所述CAN总线中的一条总线上的模块连接到所述CAN总线中的另一条总线上的模块。
本领域技术人员容易理解的是，由于不同的CAN总线之间设置有ICAN隔离总线，不同总线上的模块可以经由ICAN隔离总线直接通信，并非必须通过自身所在的总线和网关，不但大幅度节省了通信线路，而且还避免了因部分CAN总线或者网关出现故障等造成的通信泄漏或通信无法进行的情形，显著提高了汽车内部通信的安全性。
附图说明
图1是现有技术的汽车总线系统的拓扑图。
图2是本发明的汽车总线系统的拓扑图。
图3是本发明的汽车总线系统中的模块的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的汽车总线系统的局部放大图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来描述本发明的优选实施方式。本领域技术人员应当理解的是，这些实施方式仅用于解释本发明的技术原理，并非旨在限制本发明的保护范围。举例来说，尽管本申请是结合汽车总线系统来描述的，但是本领域技术人员容易理解的是，在不偏离本发明的基本原理的情况下，本发明显然可以应用于其他任何类型的车辆电气系统。
首先参照图1，该图示出了现有技术的汽车总线系统的拓扑图。如图1所示，该汽车总线系统包括三条总线，即动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线(即高级驾驶辅助系统，Advanced Driver Assistant System，简称ADAS)。三条总线之间通过网关连接来实现信息共享。如背景技术部分所述，该系统存在一些问题。举例来说，当动力总线上的VCU模块(车辆控制单元)需要与车身总线上的ESP模块(电子稳定程序)通信时，必须先经过自身所在的动力总线将信息传输到网关，再经由网关传输给ESP模块所在的车身总线，这样一来，不仅占用了过多的通信线路，而且当动力总线和车身总线中任何一条总线或网关出现故障或被恶意侵入时，VCU模块与ESP模块之间的通信就有可能无法进行或者被窃取或篡改。
下面参阅图2，该图示出了本发明的汽车总线系统的拓扑图。如图2所示，本发明的汽车电气系统也包括网关和并联到网关上的动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块。在图2所示的实施方式中，动力总线上连接有VCU模块、MCU模块(微控制单元)、BMS模块(电池管理系统)、DCDC模块(直流变流器)以及充电器。VCU模块上还连接有DC充电站。车身总线上连接有ESP模块和EPB模块(电子驻车)。ADAS总线上连接有ADAS模块。应该指出的是，图2中示出的模块的具体内容和数量仅仅是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以根据需要提供不同的、更多的或更少的模块。
继续参阅图2，本发明的汽车电气系统的特征在于还包括ICAN隔离总线(Isolation CAN Bus)。作为示例，图2中的ICAN隔离总线设置在动力总线、车身总线与ADAS总线之间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。在图2的示例性实施方式中，所述动力总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括VCU模块、MCU模块和BMS模块，所述车身总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块是ESP模块，所述ADAS总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块是ADAS模块。关于ICAN隔离总线，需要指出的是，之所以将该总线命名为“隔离总线”，意思是该总线将其他总线上的模块直接相连，相对于网关把这些模块隔离起来了。当然，也可以将所述ICAN隔离总线称为“短接总线”，因为该总线不经过网关而将不同总线上的模块直接相连。此外，图2中示出的被ICAN隔离总线连接的模块的具体内容和数量仅仅是示例性的，本领域技术人员可以根据具体应用场合来连接不同的、更多的或更少的模块。这并不偏离本发明的基本原理，因此也将落入本发明的保护范围之内。
在图2的基础上，本发明还提供一种用于汽车总线系统的隔离系统，该汽车总线系统包括网关和并联到网关上的动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线，每条总线上都并联有至少一个模块。该隔离系统的特征在于其设置在所述总线中的至少两条总线之间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。优选的是，所述总线是CAN总线，所述隔离系统是ICAN隔离总线，所述ICAN隔离总线将动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线中的至少两个上的模块互连起来。此外， 本发明还提供一种用于对汽车总线系统进行隔离的方法，该汽车总线系统包括网关和并联到网关上的动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块。该方法的特征在于包括下列步骤：通过ICAN隔离总线将所述三条总线中的一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。
本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明的隔离系统为汽车总线系统加上了双重保护，如果网关被恶意入侵，总线(动力总线、车身总线或ADAS总线)的信息可能被修改，导致错误及非故意操作。当个别模块检测到错误信息时，会采取设定的安全行动。如果发生在前后电机控制系统，控制器可能会停止电机输出，防止意外发生。这种非故意操作会导致驾驶员的安全危险，此时隔离系统可保护重要信息传递时不被影响。将重要的模块连接到所述ICAN隔离总线，重要信息不被影响并且防止非用户(黑客)控制模块，控制和操作个别模块必须有该CAN通信协议的定位才能对各模块进行正确指令和控制。
此外，在CAN通信里设有信息发送优先级，已设的优先数值将不能改动，数值越小就享有越高的优先顺位，将重要的模块连接到所述ICAN隔离总线，能够分担动力总线、车身总线或ADAS总线的负载率，同时降低信息需经由网关转发到指定模块的延迟率。再者，所述ICAN隔离总线还能提高系统的稳定性，可以指定个别模块工作，而其他模块则可进入省电模式，令整个系统更节省能源。例如，DC充电站可以只唤醒VCU模块，其他模块保持睡眠状态。
接下来参阅图3，该图是本发明的汽车总线系统中的模块的结构示意图。如图3所示，为了使不同总线上的模块能够独立通信，本发明的每个模块的控制器都设置有CAN收发器。与设置独立的CAN控制器的模块相比，本发明的这种设置可以使不同总线上的模块通过所述ICAN隔离总线进行通信，还可以节省输出输入口资源，简化电路结构。
最后参阅图4，该图是本发明的汽车总线系统的局部放大图。如图4所示，根据本发明的技术方案，上下游信号都分别标定在CAN通信协议里，上游信息持有ID2而下游信息持有ID1，两条信息都在CAN总线上拥有最高优先值，不会因为CAN总线被更高优先值的信号占用而导致无法通信，两面可以同时发送重要信息，降低总线 负载和减低延迟率。再者，延迟率可能因CAN通信里的错误帧导致，当信息发送错误时，系统会进入错误计数过程，发送错误计数器会迭加，一直到该模块关闭(Bus Off)，直到Bus Off前特定总线会一直被占用而导致其他模块无法使用。但是，根据本发明的技术方案，如果动力总线因错误计数而被占用，汽车控制单元(VCU)可经由所述ICAN隔离总线传递紧急故障指令，保障驾驶者安全。
至此，已经结合附图所示的优选实施方式描述了本发明的技术方案，但是，本领域技术人员容易理解的是，本发明的保护范围显然不局限于这些具体实施方式。在不偏离本发明的原理的前提下，本领域技术人员可以对相关技术特征作出等同的修改或替换，这些修改或替换之后的技术方案都将落入本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种汽车电气系统，包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块，
    其特征在于，所述汽车电气系统还包括隔离系统，该隔离系统设置在所述总线中的至少两条总线之间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，所述总线是CAN总线，并且/或者所述隔离系统是ICAN隔离总线。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，所述ICAN隔离总线将动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线中的至少两个上的模块互连起来。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，所述动力总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括VCU模块、MCU模块和BMS模块中的至少一个。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，所述车身总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括ESP模块。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，所述ADAS总线上被所述ICAN隔离总线连接的模块包括ADAS模块。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的汽车电气系统，其特征在于，每个所述模块的控制器上都设置有CAN收发器。
  8. 一种用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统，该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条总线，每条所述总线上都并联有至少一个模块，
    其特征在于，所述隔离系统设置在所述总线中的至少两条总线之 间，用于将一条总线上的模块连接到另一条总线上的模块。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于汽车电气系统的隔离系统，其特征在于，所述总线是CAN总线，所述隔离系统是ICAN隔离总线，所述ICAN隔离总线将动力总线、车身总线和ADAS总线中的至少两个上的模块互连起来。
  10. 一种用于对汽车电气系统进行隔离的方法，该汽车电气系统包括网关和并联到所述网关上的多条CAN总线，每条所述CAN总线上都并联有至少一个模块，
    其特征在于，所述方法包括通过ICAN隔离总线将所述CAN总线中的一条总线上的模块连接到所述CAN总线中的另一条总线上的模块。
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