WO2017114105A1 - 一种自行车变速装置 - Google Patents

一种自行车变速装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017114105A1
WO2017114105A1 PCT/CN2016/108695 CN2016108695W WO2017114105A1 WO 2017114105 A1 WO2017114105 A1 WO 2017114105A1 CN 2016108695 W CN2016108695 W CN 2016108695W WO 2017114105 A1 WO2017114105 A1 WO 2017114105A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
positioning
driving
teeth
ratchet
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/108695
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
秦瑞赞
Original Assignee
速瑞达自行车零件（佛山）有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 速瑞达自行车零件（佛山）有限公司 filed Critical 速瑞达自行车零件（佛山）有限公司
Priority to US16/065,729 priority Critical patent/US10435114B2/en
Priority to EP16880895.4A priority patent/EP3398845B1/en
Publication of WO2017114105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017114105A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M25/00—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
    • B62M25/02—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers
    • B62M25/04—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers hand actuated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K23/00—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips
    • B62K23/02—Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips hand actuated
    • B62K23/06—Levers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bicycle component technology, and more particularly to a bicycle shifting device.
  • the current bicycle shifting device is a finger shifting shifting device that mainly drives a pull rod of a finger shifting device by a rider's finger to drive the rope reel to rotate, and the reel is positioned differently by a fixed positioning device.
  • the rope In order to achieve the tightening and release of the rope, the rope directly drives the chain extractor of the bicycle to achieve the purpose of bicycle shifting.
  • the internal bicycle shifting device needs to separately set a driving component (positioning tooth and driving positioning component, etc.) and a releasing component (release tooth and release positioning component, etc.) to realize the function of driving the shifting and releasing the reverse gear, so that
  • the structure of the shifting device is complicated and bulky, which is not convenient for its installation on the bicycle handlebar.
  • the drive positioning component and the release positioning component of the existing bicycle shifting device are meshed with the teeth during the shifting process, so the motion trajectory of the two depends on the distribution of the teeth, so that not only the inside of the shifting device needs to provide sufficient space for the gear shifting device.
  • the movement of the positioning member and the release positioning portion is driven, and the movement trajectory of the drive positioning member and the release positioning member is made complicated and long, resulting in greatly reducing the response speed of the shifting gear shifting, thereby affecting the rider's shifting experience.
  • the operating direction has only one direction: the index finger pulling operation or the thumb pushing operation, so that the fixed operating direction cannot make the rider flexibly operate according to actual needs, thereby greatly limiting the operation.
  • the practicality of the shifting device Although the shifting device on the existing professional bicycle can realize the double-direction reverse operation, the professional-grade shifting device cannot be widely popularized and popularized due to the complicated structure of the shifting device and the high production cost thereof.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a bicycle shifting device which is simple and compact in structure, and the bicycle shifting device greatly reduces the stroke of corresponding components during the shifting process, thereby improving the response speed of the shifting gear, thereby The rider can achieve a fast shifting experience during the ride.
  • a still further object is to provide a bicycle shifting device that is low in cost and high in performance, thereby improving the rider's convenience of the reverse operation.
  • a bicycle shifting device for driving and releasing a rope connected to a bicycle derailleur to achieve tightening and releasing of the rope; characterized in that it comprises: a shift positioning ratchet provided with a plurality of positioning teeth, release teeth and drive teeth, a drive member for driving the shifting of the shifting ratchet, a mounting member for mounting on the bicycle handle, a resettable positioning member, for driving a release member that moves the positioning member, a fixed member that is coupled to the mounting member, and a drive shifting The ratchet rotates in the opposite direction and the actuating member for mounting the rope;
  • the shift positioning ratchet and the actuating member are mounted on the fixed component by rotating the main shaft;
  • the positioning component is sleeved on the rotating main shaft, and is provided with positioning claws for engaging with the positioning teeth;
  • the driving component is sleeved on the rotating a drive member for engaging with the drive teeth is disposed on the main shaft;
  • the driving member drives the shifting positioning ratchet to rotate, so as to drive the resettable positioning component to move, and realize the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning component, and realize the positioning of the reciprocating linear moving pawl and the positioning gear of the rotating shifting positioning ratchet.
  • the release member drives the resettable positioning member to move and restricts the moving stroke of the positioning member by releasing the tooth to realize the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning member; and the actuating member drives the shift positioning ratchet to rotate in the opposite direction to realize the reciprocating straight line.
  • the moving positioning pawl is engaged with a plurality of positioning teeth of the shift positioning ratchet that rotates in the opposite direction.
  • the driving forward and the releasing the reverse gear are realized by the positioning claws of the reciprocating linear movement and the positioning teeth and/or releasing teeth of the rotating shift positioning ratchet, without separately setting corresponding structures to realize, so that
  • the structure of the shifting device is simplified, so that the structure of the shifting device is simple and compact, thereby greatly reducing the volume of the shifting device and facilitating use.
  • the positioning claw cooperates with the rotating shift positioning ratchet during the positioning and releasing process, and realizes the short-distance motion trajectory by the reciprocating linear movement motion, thereby realizing the function of the shifting device driving the shifting and releasing the reverse gear.
  • the present invention not only further makes the structure more compact, but also improves the response speed of the shifting device due to the linear motion of the positioning paw during the positioning and releasing process, which is reflected in The response to the release of the reverse gear allows the rider to achieve a fast shifting experience during the ride.
  • the positioning component includes a positioning component body and an elastic component for positioning the component body to reset linear movement; the bottom of the positioning component body is provided with a mounting groove for fixing the elastic component, and the elastic component is disposed at one end. On the mounting groove, the other end is offset from the rotating spindle.
  • the elastic element of the present invention is a compression spring, the linear displacement of the positioning member body can be realized.
  • the positioning component further includes a boss for fixing the positioning claw; the boss is disposed on the positioning portion body and located above the mounting groove; the fixing member is provided with a guiding groove matched with the boss, and the positioning member reciprocates straight line When moving, the boss moves linearly in the guide groove.
  • the matching arrangement of the guiding groove and the boss can improve the stability during the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning member.
  • An auxiliary claw is further disposed at an end of the positioning member body away from the rotating main shaft, and a spacing is provided between the auxiliary claw and the positioning claw.
  • the positioning member body is provided with at least one force receiving portion for driving the release member; the releasing member applies a force to the force receiving portion to drive the movement of the resettable positioning member.
  • the force receiving portion of the present invention can be disposed at any position of the positioning member body, and can realize multi-point operation to realize reciprocating linear motion of the positioning member when releasing the reverse gear, thereby improving the convenience of operation.
  • the force receiving portion refers to one of the following ways:
  • the force receiving portions are respectively disposed at two sides of one end of the positioning portion body
  • the force receiving portion is an end surface of the body of the positioning portion
  • the force receiving portion is connected to one end surface of the positioning portion body, and the angle between the force receiving portion and the positioning portion body is ⁇ , wherein 0° ⁇ 90°;
  • the force receiving portion means that the first force receiving portion and the second force receiving portion are respectively disposed at two sides of one end of the positioning portion body;
  • the release member includes a release lever and is for releasing
  • the elastic member of the lever is reset, the release lever is located on one side of the positioning component body, and the middle portion of the release lever side is hinged with the fixing component; when working, the first end of the release lever side pushes the first force receiving portion Or release the lever side
  • the second end pushes the second force receiving portion to drive the movement of the resettable positioning member;
  • the elastic member 2 is coupled to the release lever.
  • the elastic element 2 of the invention is a torsion spring, which can realize the release lever resetting and returning to the initial position.
  • the release member includes a release lever and an elastic member 2 for releasing the reset of the lever, the release lever is located on one side of the positioning member body, and the middle portion of the release lever side is hinged to the fixed member , the angle between the release lever and the fixed component is ⁇ , wherein 0° ⁇ 90°; during operation, the first end of the release lever side pushes the force receiving portion, or the second side of the release lever side The end pushes the force receiving portion to effect movement of the resettable positioning member; the elastic member 2 is coupled to the release lever.
  • the middle portion of one side of the release member of the present invention is hinged with the fixed member, and when the reverse gear operation is released, the movement of the resettable positioning member can be realized regardless of the rider's index finger pulling operation or the thumb pushing operation; or the rider dials through different directions.
  • the movement of the positioning member can be realized, thereby realizing the release and reverse function of the shifting device.
  • This selectable operation direction allows the rider to operate flexibly according to actual needs, realizing high performance operation of the shifting device of the present invention, thereby improving the convenience of the rider's reverse operation.
  • the fixing member includes a bottom plate and a top plate connected to the bottom plate, the shift positioning ratchet and the actuating member are mounted between the bottom plate and the top plate by a rotating main shaft; the mounting member is connected to the bottom plate;
  • the actuating member rotates coaxially with the shift positioning ratchet;
  • the actuating member includes a reel for mounting the rope and an elastic member 3 for rewinding the reel, the reel is sleeved on the rotating main shaft, and the elastic member is three
  • the sleeve is mounted on the rotating main shaft, one end of which is mounted on the reel, and the other end is opposite to the top plate, and the reel is rotated to rotate to drive the shift positioning ratchet rotating coaxially with the reel to rotate in the opposite direction.
  • the shift positioning ratchet contacts the bottom plate, and the actuating member is in contact with the top plate.
  • the elastic element 3 of the present invention is a torsion spring, which can make the shift positioning ratchet reset to achieve reverse rotation.
  • the drive member includes a drive lever coupled to the drive member, an elastic member 4 for driving the reset of the lever, and a resilient member 5 for resetting the drive member; the elastic member 5 is disposed between the drive member and the drive lever The five ends of the elastic member are opposite to the driving member, and the other end is opposite to the driving lever; the elastic member is disposed on the rotating main shaft, one end is opposite to the driving lever, and the other end is opposite to the fixing member.
  • the elastic member 4 and the elastic member 5 of the present invention are both torsion springs, and the driving lever and the driving member are returned to the initial position.
  • the shift positioning ratchet includes a ratchet body, and the plurality of driving teeth are disposed along an edge of the ratchet body;
  • the ratchet body is provided with a positioning groove, and a plurality of positioning teeth and release teeth are respectively disposed along the inner side edges of the positioning groove, and the positioning teeth and the release teeth are relatively staggered; or the ratchet body is provided with a positioning groove and a plurality of positioning teeth Along the inner side edge of the positioning groove, a plurality of releasing teeth are disposed along the edge of the ratchet body close to the positioning groove, and the positioning teeth and the releasing teeth are relatively staggered.
  • the positioning tooth and the release tooth are respectively disposed along the inner side edges of the positioning groove, the positioning tooth of the shift positioning ratchet and the release tooth are disposed in the same positioning groove of the ratchet wheel, and the driving rod is driven by the operation. And releasing the pulling rod, so that during positioning and releasing, the positioning claw forms a simple and short-distance reciprocating linear motion in the positioning groove, so that the positioning and releasing action of the ratchet can be realized, thereby realizing the driving of the shifting device.
  • the present invention has the following advantages and benefits:
  • the bicycle shifting device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, and the bicycle shifting device greatly reduces the stroke of the corresponding components during the shifting process, thereby improving the response speed of the shifting gear, so that the rider can realize a rapid shifting experience during the riding process. .
  • the bicycle shifting device of the present invention has low cost and a selective operating direction, so that the rider can flexibly operate according to actual needs, thereby realizing high-performance operation of the shifting device, thereby improving the convenience of the rider's retracting operation.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of the bicycle shifting device of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the core components of the shifting device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a shift positioning ratchet
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the positioning member
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the positioning member and the releasing member
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the positioning member and the fixing member
  • Figure 7 is a motion diagram of the positioning member and the release lever
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of an actuating member
  • 9(1)-9(8) are schematic diagrams of the process of driving the shifting gear by the shifting device.
  • Figure 10 (1) - 10 (8) are schematic diagrams of the process of releasing the reverse gear of the shifting device
  • 11(1)-11(3) are schematic views of several modes of the force receiving portion of the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic structural view of a shift positioning ratchet in the third embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the assembly of the shift positioning ratchet and the positioning member in the third embodiment
  • Figure 14 is an exploded perspective view showing the fixing member, the releasing member and the positioning member in the fourth embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the connection of the fixing member, the releasing member and the positioning member in the fourth embodiment.
  • the bicycle shifting device of the present invention is for driving (pulling) and releasing the rope 23 connected to the bicycle derailleur to realize the tightening and releasing of the rope 23, thereby realizing
  • the rope 23 directly drives the derailleur of the bicycle to achieve the purpose of bicycle shifting.
  • the shifting device of the present invention includes upper casings (1, 2 and 4) connected by fasteners (3 and 5), lower casings (10 and 13) connected by fasteners (14 and 12), and upper The housing-connected wire members 22 and the main components that are both disposed within the upper and lower housings.
  • the main components include a shift positioning ratchet 19 provided with a plurality of positioning teeth 19a, release teeth 19c and drive teeth 19d, a drive member 17 for driving the rotation of the shift positioning ratchet 19, and a mounting member for mounting on the bicycle handlebar 9.
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 and the actuating member 20 are mounted on the fixed portion 18 by the rotating main shaft 21, the positioning member 8 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 21, and is provided with positioning claws 8e for engaging with the positioning teeth 19b;
  • the member 17 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 21 by the rotating bushing 17g of the rotating main shaft 21, and is provided with a driving member 17e for engaging with the driving teeth 19d;
  • the pressing block 16 is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 21 and passed through the nut 15 and
  • the rotation main shaft 21 is connected to realize the shift positioning ratchet 19, the actuating member 20, the positioning member 8 and the driving member 17 to be stably mounted with the fixing member 18.
  • the shifting device of the present invention drives the forward gear
  • the driving member 17e drives the shifting positioning ratchet 19 to rotate counterclockwise to drive the resettable positioning member 8 to move to realize the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning member 8, and realize the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning claw 8e and Counterclockwise rotation
  • a plurality of positioning teeth 19b of the gear positioning ratchet 19 are engaged and positioned.
  • the releasing member 7 drives the resettable positioning member 8 to move and restricts the moving stroke of the releasing member 7 to drive the positioning member 8 by the releasing tooth 19c, thereby realizing the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning member 8, while the actuating member 20 is driven.
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 is rotated clockwise to realize the reciprocating linear movement of the positioning pawl 8e and the positioning of the plurality of positioning teeth 19b and the meshing position of the shifting positioning ratchet 19 in the clockwise direction.
  • the positioning pawl 8e is alternately engaged with the positioning tooth 19b and the release tooth 19c.
  • the positioning member 8 of the shifting device of the present invention comprises a positioning member body 8a, an elastic member 8b for resetting the linear movement of the member body 8a, and a retaining cover 8c for preventing the elastic member 8b from coming off, wherein the bottom of the positioning member body 8a A mounting groove 8f for fixing the elastic member 8b is provided, and one end of the elastic member 8b is disposed on the mounting groove 8f, and the other end is opposed to the rotating bush 17g of the rotating main shaft 21.
  • the retaining cover 8c is provided with a through hole for arranging the rotating main shaft 21 and is covered with the bottom of the positioning member body 8a.
  • the positioning member 8 of the present invention further includes a boss 8d for fixing the positioning claw 8e, and the boss 8d is provided on the positioning portion body 8a and above the mounting groove 8f.
  • the positioning member body 8a is provided with at least one force receiving portion for driving the release member 7, and the force receiving portion includes a first force receiving portion 8g and a second force receiving portion 8h, the first force receiving portion 8g and the second receiving portion
  • the force portions 8h are respectively disposed on both sides of one end of the positioning portion body 8a.
  • the elastic member 8b of the present invention may be a compression spring.
  • the release member 7 of the present invention is disposed on the side of the positioning member 8, and the release member 7 drives the movement of the resettable positioning member 8 by pushing the first force receiving portion 8g or the second force receiving portion 8h.
  • the release member 7 includes a release lever 7a and an elastic member 2c for resetting the release lever 7a.
  • the release lever 7a is located on one side of the positioning member body 8a, and the middle portion of the release lever 7a side is fixed by the rotation shaft 7b.
  • the component 18 is hinged. In operation, the first end on the side of the release lever 7a pushes the first force receiving portion 8g, or the second end on the side of the release lever 7a pushes the second force receiving portion 8h to drive the resettable positioning member 8 moves.
  • the elastic member 2c is connected to the release lever 7a, and the elastic member 2c of the present invention may be a torsion spring.
  • This design enables the drive-resettable positioning member 8 to be moved regardless of the rider's index finger pulling operation or the thumb pushing operation when the shifting device releases the reverse gearing operation, thereby realizing the release and unlocking function of the shifting device.
  • This selectable operation direction allows the rider to operate flexibly according to actual needs, realizing high performance operation of the shifting device of the present invention, thereby improving the convenience of the rider's reverse operation.
  • the fixing member 18 of the shifting device of the present invention includes a bottom plate 18a and a top plate 18b connected to the bottom plate 18a.
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 and the actuating member 20 are mounted between the bottom plate 18a and the top plate 18b by the rotating main shaft 21, and the mounting member 9 is mounted.
  • the seat 9a is attached to the bottom plate 18a by screws 9b so that the shifting device can be mounted on the handlebar of the bicycle through the mounting member 9.
  • the bottom plate 18a of the fixing member 18 is further provided with a guiding groove 18c matching with the boss 18d. When the positioning member 8 reciprocates linearly, the boss 18d reciprocates linearly in the guiding groove 18c to improve the reciprocating linear movement process of the positioning member 8. Stability in the middle.
  • the actuating member 20 of the present invention rotates coaxially with the shift positioning ratchet 19, wherein the actuating member 20 includes a spool 20a that is sleeved on the rotating spindle 21 by the rotating sleeve 20b and an elastic member 30c for the rotation of the spool 20a.
  • One end of the rope 23 is mounted on the reel 20a, and the other end is connected to the bicycle derailleur through the wire member 22.
  • the elastic member three 20c is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 21, one end of which is mounted on the reel 20a, and the other end is abutted against the top plate 18b, and the reel 20a is rotated to rotate to drive the shift positioning ratchet 19 coaxially rotating with the reel 20a to rotate clockwise.
  • the elastic member three 20c may be a torsion spring.
  • the driving member 17 of the present invention comprises a driving lever 17a connected to the driving member 17e, an elastic member 417b for driving the resetting of the lever 17a, and an elastic member 517f for resetting the driving member 17e, wherein the driving member 17e is fixed by
  • the member 17d is connected to the driving lever 17a, and the elastic member 517f is disposed between the driving member 17e and the driving lever 17a, the elastic member 517f is opposite to the driving member 17e, and the other end is opposite to the driving lever 17a; 17b is sleeved on the rotating main shaft 21, one end is opposite to the driving lever 17a, and the other end is fixed to the fixing member 18 offset.
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 of the present invention comprises a ratchet body 19a, a plurality of driving teeth 19d are arranged along the edge of the ratchet body 19a, the ratchet body 19a is provided with a positioning groove, and a plurality of positioning teeth 19b and release teeth 19c are respectively located along the inside of the positioning groove The side edges are disposed, and the positioning teeth 19b are arranged in a staggered manner with the release teeth 19c.
  • the structure is such that the positioning teeth 19b of the shift positioning ratchet 19 and the release teeth 19c are placed in the same position of the ratchet wheel and are all disposed in the same positioning groove.
  • the positioning claw 8e is positioned and positioned.
  • a simple and short reciprocating linear motion is formed in the positioning groove, so that the positioning and releasing action of the shift positioning ratchet 19 can be realized, thereby realizing the function of driving the shifting and releasing the shifting of the shifting device. .
  • the bicycle shifting device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, which works in this way:
  • FIG. 9(1)-9(8) A schematic diagram of the process of driving the shifting device of the present invention as shown in Figs. 9(1)-9(8), such as 9(1), is the original state of the shifting positioning ratchet 19 when one of the positioning teeth 19b is positioned.
  • the rider applies a counterclockwise force F to the steering lever 17a, while the driving member 17e engages with the driving teeth 19d to drive the shift positioning ratchet 19 to rotate counterclockwise, the a1 surface of the positioning claw 8e (Fig. 7) is moved away from the shift position.
  • the b2 surface of the ratchet 19 (Fig. 9 (1)).
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 continues to rotate clockwise.
  • FIG. 10(1) A schematic diagram of the process of releasing the reverse gear of the shifting device of the present invention is shown in Figs. 10(1)-10(8), and Fig. 10(1) shows the original state of the shifting positioning ratchet 19 when one of the positioning teeth 19b is positioned.
  • the release lever 7a rotates about the rotation shaft 7b, and the c1 surface (Fig. 5) of the release lever 7a acts on the d1 surface of the positioning claw 8e.
  • the positioning claw 8e is linearly moved in the G direction of Fig. 10 (2) by the boss 8d along the guide groove 18c of the bottom plate 18a.
  • the a1 face of the positioning pawl 8e is separated from the b2 face of the shift positioning ratchet 19 (Fig. 10 (2)), the release lever 7a continues to rotate, and the positioning paw 8e continues to move linearly.
  • the shift positioning ratchet 19 produces a clockwise rotation under the rebound of the elastic member 30c of the actuating member 20 (Fig. 10 (4) )).
  • the positioning claw is positioned.
  • the movement of 8e is at the end, and the application of the force to the release lever 7a has prevented the shift positioning ratchet 19 from rotating.
  • the force is released to the release lever 7a, and the shift positioning ratchet 19 linearly moves in the opposite direction under the rebound of the elastic member 8b, as shown in the Q direction of the position of FIG. 10(6), while releasing the pull rod 7a at the elastic member.
  • the two 7c and the positioning paw 8e return to the initial position under the double action (Fig. 10 (7)), and the shift positioning ratchet 19 is turned to the position of Fig. 10 (8) under the rebound of the elastic member 30c of the actuating member 20. So that the positioning claw 8e reaches the position of the previous positioning tooth 9b. This makes it possible to realize the switching position of the positioning claw 8e from one positioning tooth 9b to the previous positioning tooth 9b to achieve the function of releasing the reverse gear. If the rider continuously applies a force to the manipulation release lever 7a, the entire movement is repeated as described above.
  • the direction in which the force is applied to the release lever 7a as shown in Fig. 7 can also be coexisted with the F direction at the same time as the F direction, so that the release action can be realized in both directions, and the motion process is the same as the force F direction.
  • This embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the structure of the release member is different from that of the force receiving portion.
  • the force receiving portion of this embodiment can be one of the following ways:
  • the force receiving portion c is an end surface of the positioning portion body 8a;
  • the force receiving portion d or the force receiving portion e is connected to one end surface of the positioning portion body 8a.
  • the force receiving portion may also be disposed on one end of the positioning portion body.
  • the linear motion of the positioning member can be achieved after the different force receiving portions are driven by the release member. In this way, multi-point operation can be realized when the reverse gear is released to realize the reciprocating linear motion of the positioning component, thereby improving the convenience of operation.
  • the structural design of the release component should be matched with the corresponding force-bearing structure to achieve the force application.
  • the shift positioning ratchet includes a ratchet body 19a, a plurality of drive teeth 19d are disposed along the edge of the ratchet body 19a, the ratchet body 19a of the shift positioning ratchet is provided with a positioning groove, and a plurality of positioning teeth 19b are positioned along The inner side edge of the groove is disposed, and a plurality of release teeth 19c are disposed along the edge of the ratchet body 19a adjacent to the positioning groove, and the positioning teeth 19b and the release teeth 19c are relatively staggered.
  • the positioning member of the embodiment has a structure in which an auxiliary claw 8i is provided on the basis of the positioning member structure in the first embodiment, and the auxiliary claw 8i is disposed on one end of the positioning member body 8a away from the rotating main shaft, and the auxiliary claw 8i and the positioning claw are provided. There is a gap between 8e.
  • the force receiving portion of the positioning member of this embodiment is an end surface of the positioning portion body 8a.
  • the driving member drives the shifting positioning ratchet to rotate counterclockwise to drive the resettable positioning claw 8e to move, so that the positioning claw 8e reciprocates linearly in the positioning groove to realize the positioning of the reciprocating linear movement.
  • the pawl 8e is engaged with a plurality of positioning teeth 19b of the shift positioning ratchet that rotates counterclockwise to achieve the drive forward function of the shifting device.
  • the shifting device of the embodiment releases the reverse gear
  • the releasing member pushes the resettable positioning member body 8a to move, so that the positioning pawl 8e and the auxiliary pawl 8i both reciprocally move linearly, and when the positioning pawl 8e leaves the positioning tooth 19b, the actuating member passes the elasticity
  • the three rebounding action of the component causes the shifting positioning ratchet to rotate clockwise.
  • the auxiliary claw 8i is in contact with the release tooth 19c, the movement stroke of the positioning claw 8e can be restricted, so that the positioning claw 8e which is reset by the elastic member can be positioned and engaged with the upper positioning tooth 19b of the shift positioning ratchet, thereby realizing the shifting device. Release the reverse function.
  • This embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the arrangement of the force receiving portion and the structure of the releasing member are also different.
  • the force receiving portion 8j is connected to one end surface of the positioning portion main body 8a, and the force receiving portion 8j and the positioning portion main body 8a are at an angle of 90 degrees.
  • the fixing member 18 is provided with a hinge point 18d and a through hole 18e for the force receiving portion 8j to pass through.
  • the release member includes a release lever 7a and an elastic member 2 for resetting the release lever 7a (not shown, 7c in the first embodiment), the release lever 7a is located on the side of the positioning member body 8a, and the release lever 7a is released.
  • the middle portion of one side is hinged to the hinge point 18d of the fixing member d by the rotating shaft 7b, and the lever 7a and the fixing member are released.
  • the first end of the release lever 7a pushes the force receiving portion 8j, or the second end of the release lever 7a pushes the force receiving portion 8j to drive the resettable positioning member to move, and the elasticity Element 2 (not shown, 7c of the first embodiment is the same) is connected to the release lever 7a.
  • the rider can release and release the shifting device by pushing the release lever 7a up and down, thereby improving the convenience of use.
  • the difference between the embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that the force receiving portion is connected to one end surface of the positioning portion body, and the angle between the force receiving portion and the positioning portion body is ⁇ , wherein 0° ⁇ 90°, correspondingly
  • the middle portion of the side of the ground release lever is hinged to the fixed member, and the angle between the release lever and the fixed member is ⁇ .
  • the first embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the force receiving portion can be disposed at any position of the positioning portion body. Since the elastic member can realize the reciprocating movement of the positioning member by stretching and resetting, the releasing member passes through The pushing or pulling manner applies a force to the force receiving portion to drive the movement of the resettable positioning member.

Abstract

本发明提供一种自行车变速装置，其包括：设置有若干个定位齿、释放齿和驱动齿的变档定位棘轮、用于驱动变档定位棘轮转动的驱动部件、用于安装在自行车把手上的安装部件、可复位的定位部件、用于驱动定位部件移动的释放部件、与安装部件连接的固定部件和用于驱动变档定位棘轮反方向转动的致动部件；变档定位棘轮与致动部件通过转动主轴安装在固定部件上；定位部件套设在转动主轴上，并设置有用于与定位齿啮合的定位爪子；驱动部件套设在转动主轴上并设置有用于与驱动齿啮合的驱动件。本发明结构简单紧凑，可大大降低变档过程中相应部件的行程，从而提高变档的响应速度；同时本发明可选择性的操作方向使得骑行者根据实际需求灵活操作。

Description

一种自行车变速装置 技术领域
本发明涉及自行车零部件技术领域，更具体地说，涉及一种自行车变速装置。
背景技术
当前自行车变速装置是一种指拨式的变档变速装置，该变速装置主要是通过骑行者的手指去驱动指拨变速装置的拔杆以带动绳索卷轴转动，而卷轴通过固定的定位装置得以定位在不同的位置上，来实现绳索的收紧和释放，从而实现绳索直接驱动自行车的拔链器以达到自行车变档的目的。
然而，现有的自行车变速装置存在以下缺点：
1、现有自行车变速装置的内部需要分别设置驱动部件(定位齿和驱动定位部件等)以及设置释放部件(释放齿和释放定位部件等)才可实现驱动进档和释放退档的功能，这样使得变速装置结构复杂和体积大，不便于其在自行车车把上的安装。
2、现有自行车变速装置的驱动定位部件和释放定位部件在变档过程中由于要与齿啮合，因此两者的运动轨迹取决与齿的分布，所以不仅变速装置内部需要提供足够的空间用于驱动定位部件和释放定位部的运动，而且使得驱动定位部件和释放定位部件的运动轨迹复杂和长，导致大大降低变速装置变档的响应速度，从而影响骑行者的变速体验。
3、在传统自行车变档操作特别是释放退档操作中，其操作方向只有一个方向：食指拉动操作或拇指推动操作，这样固定的操作方向无法使得骑行者根据实际需求灵活操作，从而大大限制了变速装置的实用性。虽然现有专业级自行车上的变速装置可实现双方向退档操作，但是由于变速装置的结构复杂导致其生产成本高，因此专业级的变速装置并不能广泛普及和推广。
上述缺点造成现有自行车变速装置在实际应用上未能达到最佳的使用效果和工作效能，使得变速装置不利于自行车市场的广泛应用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的缺点与不足，提供一种结构简单紧凑的自行车变速装置，该自行车变速装置大大降低变档过程中相应部件的行程，从而提高变档的响应速度，使得骑行者在骑行过程中可以实现快速的变档体验。更进一步的目的在于，提供一种成本低和高性能操作的自行车变速装置，从而提高骑行者退挡操作的便利性。
为了达到上述目的，本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：一种自行车变速装置，用于驱动和释放与自行车拔链器相连的绳索，来实现绳索的收紧和释放；其特征在于：包括：设置有若干个定位齿、释放齿和驱动齿的变档定位棘轮、用于驱动变档定位棘轮转动的驱动部件、用于安装在自行车把手上的安装部件、可复位的定位部件、用于驱动定位部件移动的释放部件、与安装部件连接的固定部件以及用于驱动变档定 位棘轮反方向转动和用于安装绳索的致动部件；
所述变档定位棘轮与致动部件通过转动主轴安装在固定部件上；所述定位部件套设在转动主轴上，并设置有用于与定位齿啮合的定位爪子；所述驱动部件套设在转动主轴上并设置有用于与驱动齿啮合的驱动件；
驱动进档时，驱动件驱动变档定位棘轮转动，以带动可复位的定位部件移动实现定位部件往复直线移动，实现往复直线移动的定位爪子与转动的变档定位棘轮中若干个定位齿啮合定位；
释放退档时，释放部件驱动可复位的定位部件移动并通过释放齿限制定位部件的移动行程，来实现定位部件往复直线移动；同时致动部件驱动变档定位棘轮反方向转动，以实现往复直线移动的定位爪子与反方向转动的变档定位棘轮中若干个定位齿啮合定位。
在上述方案中，驱动进档和释放退档均采用往复直线移动的定位爪子与转动的变档定位棘轮的定位齿和/释放齿来实现的，而无需分别设置相应结构来实现，因此这样可简化变速装置的结构，使得变速装置的结构简单紧凑，从而大大降低变速装置的体积，方便使用。同时，定位爪子在定位与释放过程中，与转动的变档定位棘轮相互配合，并以往复直线移动的运动方式实现短距离的运动轨迹，则可实现变速装置驱动进档和释放退档的功能。与现有的变速装置相比，本发明不仅进一步使得结构更加紧凑，而且，由于定位爪子在定位与释放过程中运动轨迹是直线运动，提高了变速装置变档的响应速度,由其是体现在释放退档的响应上，使得骑行者在骑行过程中可以实现快速的变档体验。
更具体地说，所述定位部件包括定位部件本体和用于定位部件本体复位直线移动的弹性元件一；所述定位部件本体底部开设有用于固定弹性元件一的安装槽，弹性元件一一端设置在安装槽上，另一端与转动主轴相抵。本发明的弹性元件一为压缩弹簧，则可实现定位部件本体的复位直线移动。
所述定位部件还包括用于固定定位爪子的凸台；所述凸台设置在定位部本体上并位于安装槽上方；所述固定部件设置有与凸台相匹配的导向槽，定位部件往复直线移动时，凸台在导向槽内往复直线移动。导向槽与凸台的匹配设置可提高定位部件往复直线移动过程中的稳定性。
所述定位部件本体远离转动主轴的一端还设置有辅助爪子，辅助爪子与定位爪子之间设置有间隔。
所述定位部件本体设置有至少一个用于供释放部件驱动的受力部；所述释放部件施力于受力部实现驱动可复位的定位部件的移动。本发明的受力部可设置在定位部件本体的任意一处，在释放退档时可实现多点操作实现定位部件的往复直线运动，从而提高操作的便利性。
所述受力部是指如下方式之一：
(一)受力部分别设置在定位部本体一端的两侧；
(二)受力部为定位部本体的一端面；
(三)受力部设置在定位部本体一端上；
(四)受力部与定位部本体的一端面连接，受力部与定位部本体之间呈角度θ，其中，0°≤θ≤90°；
第(一)种方式中，所述受力部是指：第一受力部和第二受力部分别设置在定位部本体一端的两侧；所述释放部件包括释放拨杆和用于释放拨杆复位的弹性元件二，释放拨杆位于定位部件本体一侧，且释放拨杆一侧的中部与固定部件铰接；工作时，释放拨杆一侧的第一端部推动第一受力部，或者释放拨杆一侧 的第二端部推动第二受力部，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动；所述弹性元件二与释放拨杆连接。本发明的弹性元件二为扭力弹簧，可实现释放拨杆复位返回初始位置
第(四)种方式中，所述释放部件包括释放拨杆和用于释放拨杆复位的弹性元件二，释放拨杆位于定位部件本体一侧，且释放拨杆一侧的中部与固定部件铰接，释放拨杆与固定部件之间呈角度θ，其中，0°≤θ≤90°；工作时，释放拨杆一侧的第一端部推动受力部，或者释放拨杆一侧的第二端部推动受力部，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动；所述弹性元件二与释放拨杆连接。
本发明释放部件一侧的中部与固定部件铰接，则释放退档操作时，无论骑行者食指拉动操作或拇指推动操作，都可实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动；或者骑行者通过不同方向的拨动可实现定位部件的移动，从而实现变速装置的释放退档功能。这样可选择性的操作方向使得骑行者根据实际需求灵活操作，实现本发明变速装置的可高性能操作，从而提高骑行者退挡操作的便利性。
所述固定部件包括底板和与底板连接的顶板，所述变档定位棘轮与致动部件通过转动主轴安装在底板与顶板之间；所述安装部件与底板连接；
所述致动部件与变档定位棘轮同轴转动；致动部件包括用于安装绳索的卷轴和用于卷轴复位转动的弹性元件三，所述卷轴套设在转动主轴上，所述弹性元件三套设在转动主轴上，其一端安装在卷轴上，另一端与顶板相抵，实现卷轴复位转动以驱动与卷轴同轴转动的变档定位棘轮反方向转动。变档定位棘轮与致动部件安装后，变档定位棘轮与底板接触，致动部件与顶板接触。本发明的弹性元件三为扭力弹簧，可使得变档定位棘轮复位实现反方向转动。
所述驱动部件包括与驱动件连接的驱动拨杆、用于驱动拨杆复位的弹性元件四和用于驱动件复位的弹性元件五；所述弹性元件五设置在驱动件与驱动拨杆之间，弹性元件五一端与驱动件相抵，另一端与驱动拨杆相抵；所述弹性元件四套设在转动主轴上，一端与驱动拨杆相抵，另一端与固定部件相抵。本发明的弹性元件四和弹性元件五均为扭力弹簧，实现驱动拨杆和驱动件返回初始位置。
所述变档定位棘轮包括棘轮本体，所述若干个驱动齿沿棘轮本体的边沿设置；
所述棘轮本体开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿和释放齿分别沿定位槽的内部两侧边沿设置，定位齿与释放齿相对交错设置；或者所述棘轮本体开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿沿定位槽的内部一侧边沿设置，若干个释放齿沿靠近定位槽的棘轮本体边沿设置，定位齿与释放齿相对交错设置。
在定位齿和释放齿分别沿定位槽的内部两侧边沿设置的方案中，变档定位棘轮的定位齿与释放齿置于棘轮的同一则并均设置同一定位槽中，则通过操纵驱动拔杆和释放拔杆，使定位爪子在定位与释放过程中，其在上述定位槽内形成简单而距离很短的往复直线运动，就可以实现棘轮的定位与释放的动作，从而实现变速装置的驱动进档和释放退档的功能。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下优点与有益效果：
1、本发明的自行车变速装置结构简单紧凑，该自行车变速装置大大降低变档过程中相应部件的行程，从而提高变档的响应速度，使得骑行者在骑行过程中可以实现快速的变档体验。
2、本发明的自行车变速装置成本低并可选择性的操作方向使得骑行者根据实际需求灵活操作，实现变速装置的可高性能操作，从而提高骑行者退挡操作的便利性。
附图说明
图1是本发明自行车变速装置的爆炸图；
图2是变速装置核心部件装配示意图；
图3是变档定位棘轮的示意图；
图4是定位部件的装配示意图；
图5是定位部件与释放部件的装配示意图；
图6是定位部件与固定部件的装配示意图；
图7是定位部件与释放拔杆的运动关系图；
图8是致动部件的结构示意图；
图9(1)-9(8)分别是变速装置驱动进档的过程示意图；
图10(1)-10(8)分别是变速装置释放退档的过程示意图；
图11(1)-11(3)是实施例二受力部的几种方式示意图；
图12是实施例三中变档定位棘轮的结构示意图；
图13是实施例三中变档定位棘轮与定位部件的装配示意图；
图14是实施例四中固定部件、释放部件和定位部件的分解示意图；
图15是实施例四中固定部件、释放部件和定位部件的连接示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的描述。
实施例一
如图1至图10(8)所示，本发明的自行车变速装置，是用于驱动(拉动)和释放与自行车拔链器相连的绳索23，来实现绳索23的收紧和释放，从而实现绳索23直接驱动自行车的拔链器以达到自行车变档的目的。本发明的变速装置包括通过紧固件(3和5)连接的上壳体(1、2和4)、通过紧固件(14和12)连接的下壳体(10和13)、与上壳体连接的导线部件22以及均设置在上壳体和下壳体内的主要部件。该主要部件包括设置有若干个定位齿19a、释放齿19c和驱动齿19d的变档定位棘轮19、用于驱动变档定位棘轮19转动的驱动部件17、用于安装在自行车把手上的安装部件9、可复位的定位部件8、用于驱动定位部件8移动的释放部件7、与安装部件9连接的固定部件18和用于驱动变档定位棘轮19反方向转动的致动部件20。
其中，变档定位棘轮19与致动部件20通过转动主轴21安装在固定部18件上，定位部件8套设在转动主轴21上，并设置有用于与定位齿19b啮合的定位爪子8e；驱动部件17通过转动主轴21的转动衬套17g套设在转动主轴21上,并设置有用于与驱动齿19d啮合的驱动件17e；最后通过压块16套设在转动主轴21上并通过螺母15与转动主轴21连接实现变档定位棘轮19、致动部件20、定位部件8和驱动部件17稳固与固定部件18安装。
本发明的变速装置驱动进档时，驱动件17e驱动变档定位棘轮19逆时针方向转动，以带动可复位的定位部件8移动实现定位部件8往复直线移动，实现往复直线移动的定位爪子8e与逆时针方向转动的变 档定位棘轮19中若干个定位齿19b啮合定位。变速装置释放退档时，释放部件7驱动可复位的定位部件8移动并通过释放齿19c限制释放部件7驱动定位部件8的移动行程，来实现定位部件8往复直线移动，同时致动部件20驱动变档定位棘轮19顺时针方向转动，以实现往复直线移动的定位爪子8e与顺时针方向转动的变档定位棘轮19中若干个定位齿19b和啮合定位。而释放退档过程中，定位爪子8e是与定位齿19b和释放齿19c相互交替啮合的。
本发明变速装置的定位部件8包括定位部件本体8a、用于定位部件本体8a复位直线移动的弹性元件一8b和用于防止弹性元件一8b脱落的防脱盖8c，其中，定位部件本体8a底部开设有用于固定弹性元件一8b的安装槽8f，弹性元件一8b一端设置在安装槽8f上，另一端与转动主轴21的转动衬套17g相抵。而防脱盖8c设置有用于套设转动主轴21的通孔并与定位部件本体8a的底部盖合。本发明的定位部件8还包括用于固定定位爪子8e的凸台8d，凸台8d设置在定位部本体8a上并位于安装槽8f上方。该定位部件本体8a设置有至少一个用于供释放部件7驱动的受力部，该受力部包括第一受力部8g和第二受力部8h,第一受力部8g和第二受力部8h分别设置在定位部本体8a一端的两侧。本发明的弹性元件一8b可为压缩弹簧。
本发明的释放部件7设置在定位部件8一侧，释放部件7通过推动第一受力部8g或第二受力部8h实现驱动可复位的定位部件8的移动。该释放部件7包括释放拨杆7a和用于释放拨杆7a复位的弹性元件二7c，释放拨杆7a位于定位部件本体8a一侧，且释放拨杆7a一侧的中部通过转动轴7b与固定部件18铰接。工作时，释放拨杆7a一侧的第一端部推动第一受力部8g，或者释放拨杆7a一侧的第二端部推动第二受力部8h，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件8移动。而弹性元件二7c与释放拨杆7a连接，本发明的弹性元件二7c可为扭力弹簧。该设计使得变速装置释放退档操作时，无论骑行者食指拉动操作或拇指推动操作，都可实现驱动可复位的定位部件8移动，从而实现变速装置的释放退档功能。这样可选择性的操作方向使得骑行者根据实际需求灵活操作，实现本发明变速装置的可高性能操作，从而提高骑行者退挡操作的便利性。
本发明变速装置的固定部件18包括底板18a和与底板18a连接的顶板18b，变档定位棘轮19与致动部件20通过转动主轴21安装在底板18a与顶板18b之间，而安装部件9的安装座9a通过螺丝9b与底板18a连接实现安装，这样该变速装置可通过安装部件9安装在自行车的车把上。该固定部件18的底板18a还设置有与凸台18d相匹配的导向槽18c，定位部件8往复直线移动时，凸台18d在导向槽18c内往复直线移动,以提高定位部件8往复直线移动过程中的稳定性。
本发明的致动部件20与变档定位棘轮19同轴转动，其中，致动部件20包括通过转动套20b套设在转动主轴21上的卷轴20a和用于卷轴20a复位转动的弹性元件三20c，绳索23一端安装在卷轴20a上，另一端穿过导线部件22与自行车拔链器连接。弹性元件三20c套设在转动主轴21上，其一端安装在卷轴20a上，另一端与顶板18b相抵，实现卷轴20a复位转动以驱动与卷轴20a同轴转动的变档定位棘轮19顺时针方向转动。弹性元件三20c可为扭力弹簧。
本发明的驱动部件17包括与驱动件17e连接的驱动拨杆17a、用于驱动拨杆17a复位的弹性元件四17b和用于驱动件17e复位的弹性元件五17f，其中，驱动件17e通过固定件17d与驱动拨杆17a连接，弹性元件五17f设置在驱动件17e与驱动拨杆17a之间，弹性元件五17f一端与驱动件17e相抵，另一端与驱动拨杆17a相抵；而弹性元件四17b套设在转动主轴21上，一端与驱动拨杆17a相抵，另一端与固定部件 18相抵。
本发明的变档定位棘轮19包括棘轮本体19a，若干个驱动齿19d沿棘轮本体19a的边沿设置，棘轮本体19a开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿19b和释放齿19c分别沿定位槽的内部两侧边沿设置，定位齿19b与释放齿19c相对交错设置。该结构使得变档定位棘轮19的定位齿19b与释放齿19c置于棘轮的同一则并均设置同一定位槽中，则通过操纵驱动拔杆17a和释放拔杆7a，使定位爪子8e在定位与释放过程中，其在上述定位槽内形成简单而距离很短的往复直线运动，就可以实现变档定位棘轮19的定位与释放的动作，从而实现变速装置的驱动进档和释放退档的功能。
本发明的自行车变速装置结构简单紧凑，其是这样工作的：
本发明变速装置驱动进档的过程示意图如图9(1)-9(8)所示，如9(1)为变档定位棘轮19在其中一个定位齿19b定位时的原始状态。当骑行者对操纵驱动拔杆17a施加逆时针方的力F，同时驱动件17e与驱动齿19d啮合带动变档定位棘轮19逆时针转动，定位爪子8e的a1面(图7)离开变档定位棘轮19的b2面(图9(1))。此时，变档定位棘轮19继续顺时针方向转动，当定位爪子8e的a2面与棘轮的b1面接触时(图9(2))，由b1斜面产生的作用力，至使定位爪子8e向如图P的(同时由底板18a的导向槽18c起导向作用)方向移动(图9(3))，直到接触面到达变档定位棘轮19的齿顶时，由于弹性元件一8b的作用，变档定位棘轮19再转动时，经图9(4)和图9(5)，定位爪子8e即转换移动方向实现复位直线运动，如图9(6)的H方向，直到定位爪子8e的a1面移动到与变档定位棘轮19的b5面接触并与定位齿9b啮合(图9(7)和图9(8))，从而实现定位爪子8e从一个定位齿9b到下一个定位齿9b之间的转换定位，以达到驱动进档的功能。如骑行者连续对操纵驱动拔杆17a施加力，整个运动过程如前所述重复进行。
本发明变速装置释放退档的过程示意图如图10(1)-10(8)所示，如图10(1)为变档定位棘轮19在其中一个定位齿19b定位时的原始状态。骑行者对操纵释放拔杆7a施加逆时针方的力F时，释放拔杆7a绕着转动轴7b转动，释放拔杆7a的c1面(图5)作用于定位爪子8e的d1面，此时定位爪子8e通过凸台8d沿着底板18a的导向槽18c向如图10(2)的G方向进行直线运动。定位爪子8e的a1面离开变档定位棘轮19的b2面(图10(2))，释放拔杆7a继续转动，定位爪子8e继续直线移动。当定位爪子8e与变档定位棘轮19的定位齿19b的接触面到达最顶点后，变档定位棘轮19在致动部件20的弹性元件三20c的反弹作用下产生顺时针转动(图10(4))。在变档定位棘轮19转动过程中，变档定位棘轮19释放齿19c的b4面就会与定位爪子8e的a4面接触(即释放齿19c限制定位爪子8e的移动行程)，此时，定位爪子8e的移动就到终点了，再给释放拔杆7a施加力已经不能使变档定位棘轮19转动了。此时停止给释放拔杆7a施加力，变档定位棘轮19在弹性元件一8b的反弹作用下向反方向直线移动，如图10(6)位置的Q方向，同时释放拔杆7a在弹性元件二7c和定位爪子8e双重作用下返回初始位置(图10(7))，而变档定位棘轮19在致动部件20的弹性元件三20c的反弹作用下转到如图10(8)的位置，使得定位爪子8e到达上一个定位齿9b的位置。这样可实现定位爪子8e从一个定位齿9b到上一个定位齿9b之间的转换定位，以达到释放退档的功能。如骑行者连续对操纵释放拔杆7a施加力，整个运动过程如前所述重复进行。
图7所示对释放拔杆7a施加力的方向还可以如R方向，和F方向同时并存，实现两个方向都可以实现释放的动作，运动过程和加力F方向时相同。
实施例二
本实施例与实施例一不同之处仅在于：释放部件的结构不同和受力部实现方式不同。如图11(1)-11(3)所示，该实施例的受力部可为如下几种方式之一：
(一)受力部c为定位部本体8a的一端面；
(二)受力部d或受力部e与定位部本体8a的一端面连接。
而受力部也可设置在定位部本体一端上。上述不同的受力部上通过释放部件施力驱动后都可以实现定位部件的直线运动。这样在释放退档时可实现多点操作实现定位部件的往复直线运动，从而提高操作的便利性。而释放部件的结构设计要与相应的受力部结构想匹配才可实现施力推动。
本实施例的其它结构与实施例一一致。
实施例三
本实施例与实施例一不同之处仅在于：变档定位棘轮和定位部件的结构不同。如图12和13所示，变档定位棘轮包括棘轮本体19a，若干个驱动齿19d沿棘轮本体19a的边沿设置，变档定位棘轮的棘轮本体19a开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿19b沿定位槽的内部一侧边沿设置，若干个释放齿19c沿靠近定位槽的棘轮本体19a边沿设置，定位齿19b与释放齿19c相对交错设置。
该实施例定位部件的结构是在实施例一中定位部件结构的基础上设置了一个辅助爪子8i，该辅助爪子8i设置在定位部件本体8a远离转动主轴的一端上，且辅助爪子8i与定位爪子8e之间设置有间隔。当定位部件8套设在转动主轴后，定位爪子8e和辅助爪子8i分别位于定位齿19b和与释放齿19c的一侧。该实施例定位部件的受力部为定位部本体8a的一端面。
本实施例变速装置驱动进档时，驱动件驱动变档定位棘轮逆时针方向转动，以带动可复位的定位爪子8e移动，使得定位爪子8e在定位槽内往复直线移动，实现往复直线移动的定位爪子8e与逆时针方向转动的变档定位棘轮中若干个定位齿19b啮合定位，从而达到变速装置的驱动进档功能。
本实施例变速装置释放退档时，释放部件推动可复位的定位部件本体8a移动，使得定位爪子8e和辅助爪子8i均往复直线移动，当定位爪子8e离开定位齿19b时，致动部件通过弹性元件三反弹作用使得变档定位棘轮顺时针方向转动。当辅助爪子8i与释放齿19c接触时则可限制定位爪子8e的移动行程，使得通过弹性元件一复位的定位爪子8e可与变档定位棘轮中上一个定位齿19b定位啮合，从而实现变速装置的释放退档功能。
本实施例的其它结构与实施例一一致。
实施例四
本实施例与实施例一不同之处仅在于：受力部的设置方式和释放部件的结构也不相同。
如图14和图15所示，受力部8j与定位部本体8a的一端面连接，受力部8j与定位部本体8a之间呈角度90°。固定部件18设置有铰接点18d和用于受力部8j穿设的通孔18e。释放部件包括释放拨杆7a和用于释放拨杆7a复位的弹性元件二(未图示,实施例一中的7c相同)，释放拨杆7a位于定位部件本体8a一侧，且释放拨杆7a一侧的中部通过转动轴7b与固定部件d的铰接点18d铰接，释放拨杆7a与固定部件 18之间呈角度90°。工作时，释放拨杆7a一侧的第一端部推动受力部8j，或者释放拨杆7a一侧的第二端部推动受力部8j，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动，而弹性元件二(未图示,实施例一中的7c相同)与释放拨杆7a连接。骑行者可通过上下拨动释放拨杆7a可实现变速装置的释放退档，从而提高使用的便利性。
本实施例的其它结构与实施例一一致。
实施例五
本实施例与实施例四不同之处仅在于：受力部与定位部本体的一端面连接，受力部与定位部本体之间呈角度θ，其中，0°≤θ＜90°，则相应地释放拨杆一侧的中部与固定部件铰接，释放拨杆与固定部件之间呈角度θ。
本实施例的其它结构与实施例四一致。
实施例六
本实施例与实施例一不同之处仅在于：受力部可设置在定位部本体的任一处，由于弹性元件一可通过拉伸和复位来实现定位部件的往复移动，因此，释放部件通过推动或拉动的方式施力于受力部实现驱动可复位的定位部件的移动。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制，其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种自行车变速装置，用于驱动和释放与自行车拔链器相连的绳索，来实现绳索的收紧和释放；其特征在于：包括：设置有若干个定位齿、释放齿和驱动齿的变档定位棘轮、用于驱动变档定位棘轮转动的驱动部件、用于安装在自行车把手上的安装部件、可复位的定位部件、用于驱动定位部件移动的释放部件、与安装部件连接的固定部件以及用于驱动变档定位棘轮反方向转动和用于安装绳索的致动部件；
    所述变档定位棘轮与致动部件通过转动主轴安装在固定部件上；所述定位部件套设在转动主轴上，并设置有用于与定位齿啮合的定位爪子；所述驱动部件套设在转动主轴上并设置有用于与驱动齿啮合的驱动件；
    驱动进档时，驱动件驱动变档定位棘轮转动，以带动可复位的定位部件移动实现定位部件往复直线移动，实现往复直线移动的定位爪子与转动的变档定位棘轮中若干个定位齿啮合定位；
    释放退档时，释放部件驱动可复位的定位部件移动并通过释放齿限制定位部件的移动行程，来实现定位部件往复直线移动；同时致动部件驱动变档定位棘轮反方向转动，以实现往复直线移动的定位爪子与反方向转动的变档定位棘轮中若干个定位齿啮合定位。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述定位部件包括定位部件本体和用于定位部件本体复位直线移动的弹性元件一；所述定位部件本体底部开设有用于固定弹性元件一的安装槽，弹性元件一一端设置在安装槽上，另一端与转动主轴相抵。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述定位部件还包括用于固定定位爪子的凸台；所述凸台设置在定位部本体上并位于安装槽上方；所述固定部件设置有与凸台相匹配的导向槽，定位部件往复直线移动时，凸台在导向槽内往复直线移动。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述定位部件本体远离转动主轴的一端还设置有辅助爪子，辅助爪子与定位爪子之间设置有间隔。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述定位部件本体设置有至少一个用于供释放部件驱动的受力部；所述释放部件施力于受力部实现驱动可复位的定位部件的移动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述受力部是指如下方式之一：
    (一)受力部分别设置在定位部本体一端的两侧；
    (二)受力部为定位部本体的一端面；
    (三)受力部设置在定位部本体一端上；
    (四)受力部与定位部本体的一端面连接，受力部与定位部本体之间呈角度θ，其中，0°≤θ≤90°；
    第(一)种方式中，所述受力部是指：第一受力部和第二受力部分别设置在定位部本体一端的两侧；所述释放部件包括释放拨杆和用于释放拨杆复位的弹性元件二，释放拨杆位于定位部件本体一侧，且释放拨杆一侧的中部与固定部件铰接；工作时，释放拨杆一侧的第一端部推动第一受力部，或者释放拨杆一侧的第二端部推动第二受力部，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动；所述弹性元件二与释放拨杆连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：第(四)种方式中，所述释放部件包括释放拨杆和用于释放拨杆复位的弹性元件二，释放拨杆位于定位部件本体一侧，且释放拨杆一侧的中部与 固定部件铰接，释放拨杆与固定部件之间呈角度θ，其中，0°≤θ≤90°；工作时，释放拨杆一侧的第一端部推动受力部，或者释放拨杆一侧的第二端部推动受力部，以实现驱动可复位的定位部件移动；所述弹性元件二与释放拨杆连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述固定部件包括底板和与底板连接的顶板，所述变档定位棘轮与致动部件通过转动主轴安装在底板与顶板之间；所述安装部件与底板连接；
    所述致动部件与变档定位棘轮同轴转动；致动部件包括用于安装绳索的卷轴和用于卷轴复位转动的弹性元件三，所述卷轴套设在转动主轴上，所述弹性元件三套设在转动主轴上，其一端安装在卷轴上，另一端与顶板相抵，实现卷轴复位转动以驱动与卷轴同轴转动的变档定位棘轮反方向转动。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述驱动部件包括与驱动件连接的驱动拨杆、用于驱动拨杆复位的弹性元件四和用于驱动件复位的弹性元件五；所述弹性元件五设置在驱动件与驱动拨杆之间，弹性元件五一端与驱动件相抵，另一端与驱动拨杆相抵；所述弹性元件四套设在转动主轴上，一端与驱动拨杆相抵，另一端与固定部件相抵。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于：所述变档定位棘轮包括棘轮本体，所述若干个驱动齿沿棘轮本体的边沿设置；
    所述棘轮本体开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿和释放齿分别沿定位槽的内部两侧边沿设置，定位齿与释放齿相对交错设置；或者所述棘轮本体开设有定位槽，若干个定位齿沿定位槽的内部一侧边沿设置，若干个释放齿沿靠近定位槽的棘轮本体边沿设置，定位齿与释放齿相对交错设置。
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US10435114B2 (en) 2019-10-08
CN105438397B (zh) 2018-08-24
EP3398845B1 (en) 2020-05-27

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