WO2017113236A1 - 一种简易式石斛种植大棚 - Google Patents

一种简易式石斛种植大棚 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017113236A1
WO2017113236A1 PCT/CN2015/099969 CN2015099969W WO2017113236A1 WO 2017113236 A1 WO2017113236 A1 WO 2017113236A1 CN 2015099969 W CN2015099969 W CN 2015099969W WO 2017113236 A1 WO2017113236 A1 WO 2017113236A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sarcophagus
shed
plastic film
planting greenhouse
waterproof plastic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/099969
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶惠军
陈文�
Original Assignee
深圳市双晖农业科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 深圳市双晖农业科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市双晖农业科技有限公司
Priority to CN201580002645.1A priority Critical patent/CN106535620A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/099969 priority patent/WO2017113236A1/zh
Publication of WO2017113236A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017113236A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/10—Devices for affording protection against animals, birds or other pests
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/22—Shades or blinds for greenhouses, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of stone stalk planting technology, and in particular to a simple sarcophagus planting greenhouse.
  • Dendrobium is a large-scale traditional Chinese medicine in China. It is known as "Northern ginseng, South sarcophagus". In China's traditional classical Chinese medicine books, Dendrobium is listed as the "top grade" of Chinese medicinal materials. It is recorded in all versions of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China. It has the functions of nourishing yin and clearing heat, promoting spleen and spleen, moistening throat and eyesight, and prolonging life. Modern medical research has shown that Dendrobium has many effective chemical components such as polysaccharides, alkaloids and lanolin. Polysaccharides have the functions of enhancing immunity, anti-oxidation and lowering blood sugar; alkaloids have anti-tumor and analgesic and antipyretic effects; and elastin has anti-tumor activity.
  • Wild Dendrobium is a rare and endangered plant protected by the state's key secondary, and is prohibited from collecting and selling. Dendrobium is extremely demanding on natural ecological conditions, and its natural reproduction rate is extremely low, and its development is very slow. Due to the long-term over-acquisition, the wild resources of Shijie have been extremely rare and almost extinct. Artificial planting has become the main source of Shijie products.
  • the invention provides a simple type of stone hoe planting greenhouse, which avoids the problem of high temperature and high humidity in summer and water accumulation in the shed, and can effectively heat and resist cold in winter.
  • a simple type of sarcophagus planting greenhouse comprises a shed body and a roof, the outer layer of the shed is provided with a sunshade net; the inner layer is divided into two sides, and a fixed waterproof plastic film and a movable upwardly wound waterproof plastic film are respectively arranged .
  • the above-mentioned roof has a dome-shaped structure, and the inner layer is divided into left and right sides centering on the central axis of the dome.
  • one side of the movable upwardly-rolling waterproof plastic film is fixed along the center axis of the dome by a fixing rod, and the other side is movably upwardly wound by a rolling rod control.
  • a fixed waterproof plastic film is disposed on the left side of the inner layer, and a movable upward-rolling waterproof plastic film is disposed on the right side.
  • the movable roll film is disposed around the greenhouse, and both are upwardly wound.
  • At least the upper portion of the left and right sides of the shed body is provided with a shade net.
  • At least a lower portion of the left and right sides of the shed body is provided with an insect net.
  • At least a lower portion of the two ends of the shed body is provided with a pest control net; at least one end of the shed body is provided with a plastic sliding door.
  • the shed body is provided with a pocket net seedbed
  • the pocket net seed bed comprises a bed frame and a pocket device disposed on the bed frame, wherein the pocket net device is mesh-shaped, and the net The pore diameter is smaller than the particle diameter of the cultivation substrate.
  • the above-mentioned roof is equipped with a micro-injecting device.
  • the simple type of stone hoe planting greenhouse of the invention not only has a simple structure and low cost, but is suitable for the promotion of planting by small companies and farmers, and more importantly, the outer layer of the roof is provided with a sunshade net, and the inner layer is provided with a fixed waterproof plastic. Film and removable upholstery waterproof plastic film.
  • the sunshade net acts as a sunscreen to cool down, avoiding the summer shed
  • the internal temperature is too high; the fixed waterproof plastic film and the movable up-winding waterproof plastic film play the role of waterproofing and heat preservation, avoiding water accumulation in the summer shed and low temperature in winter.
  • the movable upward-rolling waterproof plastic film can be controlled according to the weather conditions.
  • the hot and cold weather can smash the movable upward-rolling waterproof plastic film to achieve good ventilation and cooling effect; and it can be closed in summer rainy days. It plays a waterproof role, so that the stone shovel is protected from the accumulation of water; in winter, the rain is less, the temperature is lower, and the movable upward-winding waterproof plastic film can be closed to obtain a good thermal insulation effect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a sarcophagus planting greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a pocket net seedling bed in a sarcophagus planting greenhouse according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the sarcophagus planting greenhouse shown in FIG. 1 comprises a shed body (lower rectangular shape) and a roof top (upper arched shape), and a top shading net 1 is provided on the outer layer of the shed; the inner layer is divided into two sides and respectively fixed and fixed Waterproof plastic film 7 and The movable upwardly wound inner waterproof plastic film 8.
  • FIG. 1 is only an exemplary sarcophagus planting shed.
  • the shed roof adopts a dome-shaped structure
  • other suitable structures are also feasible, such as a roof-like structure, etc., but the present invention preferably The roof is rounded and arched. This structure is not only stable but also more uniform.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side-by-side structure of a plurality of sheds and roofs.
  • the number of sheds and roofs arranged side by side is not limited, and a plurality of sheds may be in a connected structure. It may also be a structural form of the barrier, preferably a connected structural form. In addition, it can exist in an independent form with only one shed and roof.
  • the dome of the round arch structure is divided into left and right sides centered on the central axis of the dome, and of course, in the case of using the roof of other structures, it is not necessarily in the middle.
  • the axis is centered for demarcation.
  • One side of the movable upwardly wound waterproof plastic film 8 is fixed along the central axis of the dome by the inner-rolling waterproof plastic film fixing rod 9, and the other side is controlled by the inner-rolling waterproof plastic film rolling rod 10 for movable upward movement. Involution.
  • the invention adopts the waterproof plastic film 8 which is wound up upwards to effectively prevent rainwater from accumulating at the film and the reel, and avoids the large shed being collapsed due to the increased bearing capacity of the greenhouse.
  • the reason for the installation of the movable plastic film in the inner layer of the roof is that: the current simple shed has no film installed in the inner layer, and there is no rainproof device in the shed in the spring and summer rain, the water in the shed is serious, and the sarcophagus grows. It is not resistant to cockroaches, which leads to the decay of the rhizome of the sarcophagus, the serious disease, and the serious death of the plant. However, if a fixed plastic film is installed in a greenhouse, the high temperature in the summer will cause the temperature in the shed to be too high, and the temperature in the shed can reach 40 °C or more, which causes the growth of the sarcophagus to be inhibited.
  • the plastic film which is fixed on one side of the present invention can solve these two problems well, and the cost is low, and can be tolerated by ordinary farmers.
  • a fixed waterproof plastic film 7 is disposed on the left side of the inner layer, and a movable upwardly wound waterproof plastic film 8 is disposed on the right side.
  • a fixed waterproof plastic film 7 on the right side and a movable upwardly-rolling waterproof plastic film 8 on the left side Can be arbitrarily set according to specific needs.
  • a movable roll film (not shown in FIG. 1) is disposed around the greenhouse, and both are in an up-winding type, and the movable roll film can prevent backlog of rainwater.
  • the high-temperature sky rolls up, and the greenhouse is surrounded by ventilation, which is conducive to the growth of the stone scorpion. Effective insulation and cold resistance.
  • the side sunshade 2 can cover the entire side or just the upper part of the side. In the sarcophagus planting shed shown in Fig. 1, the side visor 2 is the upper part that only covers the side.
  • the side sunshade net 2 has obvious advantages, especially the left and right sides of the shed are east-west direction ⁇ , the east and west side stone ⁇ is easy to cause yellow leaves and dead due to sun exposure, and the side sunshade net 2 can make the stone ⁇ The yellow leaves and the dead caused by the sun exposure.
  • a fixed black gauze net can be used, which has a mesh shape, not only has a good sunscreen cooling effect, but also does not affect ventilation.
  • the two insect nets at least at the lower part of the left and right sides of the shed; further, preferably at least at both ends of the shed.
  • the following sections set the insect nets 4 and 5 at both ends.
  • installing a fixed insect net of about 0.8 m in the surrounding area (left and right sides and both ends of the shed) can effectively prevent the main pests such as snails, and can reduce the use of pesticides, and achieve biological and physical control. Combined to ensure product safety.
  • insect nets can also be placed on the left and right sides and both ends of the entire shed.
  • At least one end of the shed is provided with a plastic sliding door 6.
  • a netting bed 11 is disposed in the shed body.
  • the netting bed 11 includes a bed frame 111 and a net device 112 placed on the bed frame 111.
  • the device 112 is mesh-shaped with a mesh diameter smaller than the particle diameter of the cultivation substrate.
  • the culture substrate generally uses a pine bark matrix, so the mesh device 112 has a mesh diameter smaller than that of the pine bark matrix.
  • the shed is equipped with a simple pocket net seedling 11 for planting.
  • the woven net seedbed 11 has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the shed net device 112 having the same area as the seedbed can be directly fixed on the bed frame 111 to directly lay the pine bark substrate, and the water permeability is good. It can effectively prevent the roots from decaying due to stagnant water.
  • a micro-injection device (not shown in FIG. 1) is mounted inside the roof. As a fixed micro-spray device, it can be installed on the roof of the greenhouse.
  • the micro-sprinkler irrigation directly sprays on the leaf surface of the crop to facilitate the absorption of the leaf surface, which not only prevents the spread of pests and diseases, but also facilitates the growth of crops, and can fertilize with water to improve fertilizer efficiency. It can reduce labor input and save costs.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

一种简易石斛种植大棚，包括棚体和棚顶，棚顶外层设有遮阳网（1），内层分为两边，分别设置固定式防水塑料薄膜（7）和活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜（8），遮阳网起到防晒降温的作用，避免夏季棚内温度过高，固定式防水塑料薄膜（7）和活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜（8）起到防水和保温的作用，避免夏季棚内积水、冬季气温过低。

Description

发明名称：一种简易式石斛种植大棚
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及石斛种植技术领域， 尤其涉及一种简易式石斛种植大棚。
[0002]
[0003] 背景技术
[0004] 石斛在我国是一大类传统的名贵中药， 素有"北有人参， 南有石斛"之说， 我国 的传统古典中药书籍中， 石斛均被列为中药材之"上品"， 在 《中华人民共和国药 典》 的所有版本中均有记载， 具有滋阴清热、 生津益脾、 润喉明目、 延年益寿 等功效。 现代医学研究表明， 石斛主要有多糖、 生物碱、 毛兰素等多种有效化 学成分。 多糖具有增强免疫力、 抗氧化、 降血糖等作用； 生物碱具有抗肿瘤及 止痛退热等作用； 毛兰素具有抗肿瘤活性。
[0005] 野生石斛是国家重点二级保护的珍稀濒危植物， 禁止采集和销售。 石斛对自然 生态条件要求极其苛刻， 自然繁殖率又极低， 且发育十分缓慢。 由于人们长期 过度采集， 目前石斛的野生资源已极为稀少， 几近灭绝， 人工种植已成为石斛 产品的主要来源。
[0006] 石斛人工种植因其生长的特殊性均采用大棚种植， 采用全自动控温控湿的高规 格温室大棚种植的石斛品质较好， 产量较高， 但是大棚造价十分昂贵， 投资风 险较大， 不适宜小公司及农户种植的推广。 目前一般的简易大棚内层未安装薄 膜， 在春夏季雨水较多的季节棚内无防雨装置， 棚内积水严重， 石斛生长不耐 涝， 因此而导致石斛根茎腐烂， 病害严重， 植株死亡现象严重。 但如若在大棚 内安装固定的塑料薄膜则在夏季高温吋易导致棚内温度过高， 棚内温度可达 40°C 以上， 造成石斛生长受抑制， 导致死苗或停止生长的症状， 产量较低。 因此， 现急需一种能充分解决夏季高温高湿问题、 有效病虫害生物防控、 造价低廉的 石斛种植大棚来推广石斛种植， 让石斛种植遍布全国， 打破石斛产品供不应求 的局面， 让健康产品惠及千万家。
[0007] [0008] 发明内容
[0009] 本发明提供一种简易式石斛种植大棚， 避免了夏季高温高湿和棚内积水问题， 而且冬季能够有效的保温抗寒。
[0010] 本发明通过如下技术方案来实现：
[0011] 一种简易式石斛种植大棚， 包括棚体和棚顶， 该棚顶外层设有遮阳网； 内层分 为两边， 分别设置固定式防水塑料薄膜和活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜。
[0012] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚顶采用圆拱形结构， 上述内层以拱顶 中轴线为中心分为左右两边。
[0013] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜的一边通 过固定杆沿着上述拱顶中轴线固定， 而另一边通过滚动杆控制进行活动式向上 内卷。
[0014] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述内层的左边设置固定式防水塑料薄膜， 右边设置活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜。
[0015] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述大棚的四周设置活动式卷膜， 均采用向 上内卷式。
[0016] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚体左右两侧的至少上面部分设置遮阳 网。
[0017] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚体左右两侧的至少下面部分设置防虫 网。
[0018] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚体两端的至少下面部分设置防虫网； 上述棚体的至少一端设置塑料推拉门。
[0019] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚体内设置兜网苗床， 上述兜网苗床包 括床架和置于上述床架上的兜网装置， 上述兜网装置为网孔状， 其网孔直径小 于栽培基质的颗粒直径。
[0020] 作为本发明的进一步改进的方案， 上述棚顶内部装有微喷装置。
[0021] 本发明的简易式石斛种植大棚， 不但结构简单， 成本较低， 适宜小公司及农户 种植的推广， 更重要的是， 棚顶外层设有遮阳网， 内层设置固定式防水塑料薄 膜和活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜。 遮阳网起到防晒降温的作用， 避免夏季棚 内温度过高； 固定式防水塑料薄膜和活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜起到防水和 保温的作用， 避免夏季棚内积水、 冬季气温过低。 尤其是活动式向上内卷防水 塑料薄膜能够根据天气情况进行控制， 在夏季晴朗高温天气可以打幵该活动式 向上内卷防水塑料薄膜， 取得良好的通风和降温效果； 而夏季雨天可以将其封 闭， 起到防水作用， 使石斛免受积水影响； 冬季一般雨水较少、 气温较低， 可 以封闭活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜， 取得良好的保温效果。
[0022]
[0023] 附图说明
[0024] 图 1为本发明一种实施方案的石斛种植大棚的横截面结构示意图；
[0025] 图 2为本发明一种实施方案的石斛种植大棚内的兜网苗床的结构示意图。
[0026] 附图标记说明：
[0027] 1-顶部遮阳网；
[0028] 2-侧面遮阳网；
[0029] 3-两侧防虫网；
[0030] 4、 5-两端防虫网；
[0031] 6-塑料推拉门；
[0032] 7-固定式防水塑料薄膜；
[0033] 8-活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜；
[0034] 9-内卷式防水塑料薄膜固定杆；
[0035] 10-内卷式防水塑料薄膜滚动杆；
[0036] 11-简易兜网苗床；
[0037] 111-床架；
[0038] 112-兜网装置。
[0039]
[0040] 具体实施方式
[0041] 下面通过具体实施方式结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
[0042] 如图 1所示的石斛种植大棚， 包括棚体 （下部矩形） 和棚顶 （上部圆拱形） ， 棚顶外层设有顶部遮阳网 1 ; 内层分为两边， 分别设置固定式防水塑料薄膜 7和 活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜 8。
[0043] 需要说明的是， 图 1仅是一个示例性的石斛种植大棚， 虽然棚顶采用圆拱形结 构， 但是其它合适的结构也是可行的， 比如屋顶状结构等， 然而本发明优选的 是棚顶采用圆拱形结构， 这种结构不但稳定性好， 而且采光更加均匀。
[0044] 图 1示出的是多个棚体和棚顶的并列式结构， 当然并列排列的棚体和棚顶的数 量并不限制， 并且多个棚体之间可以是连通的结构形式， 也可以是隔幵的结构 形式， 优选的是连通的结构形式。 此外， 也可以以仅有一个棚体和棚顶的独立 形式存在。
[0045] 图 1所示的石斛种植大棚中， 圆拱形结构的棚顶以拱顶中轴线为中心分为左右 两边， 当然在采用其它结构的棚顶的情况下， 并不一定是以中轴线为中心进行 分界的。
[0046] 活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜 8的一边通过内卷式防水塑料薄膜固定杆 9沿着拱 顶中轴线固定， 而另一边通过内卷式防水塑料薄膜滚动杆 10控制进行活动式向 上内卷。
[0047] 本发明采用向上内卷的防水塑料薄膜 8可有效防止雨水积压在薄膜和卷筒处， 避免大棚因承重加大， 导致大棚垮塌。
[0048] 棚顶内层设置活动式塑料薄膜的原因在于： 目前一般的简易大棚内层未安装薄 膜， 在春夏季雨水较多的季节棚内无防雨装置， 棚内积水严重， 石斛生长不耐 涝， 因而导致石斛根茎腐烂， 病害严重， 植株死亡现象严重。 但如若在大棚内 安装固定的塑料薄膜则在夏季高温吋易导致棚内温度过高， 棚内温度可达 40°C以 上， 造成石斛生长受抑制。 本发明的一边固定一边活动的塑料薄膜能很好地解 决这两种问题， 且造价低廉， 普通农户均能承受。
[0049] 图 1所示的石斛种植大棚中， 内层的左边设置固定式防水塑料薄膜 7， 右边设置 活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜 8。 当然， 也可以在右边设置固定式防水塑料薄膜 7， 左边设置活动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜 8。 可以根据具体需要任意设置。
[0050] 在本发明的一个优选实施例中， 大棚的四周设置活动式卷膜 （图 1中未示出） ， 均采用向上内卷式， 该活动式卷膜能够防止雨水的积压。 夏季高温天卷膜上 卷， 大棚处于四周通风状态， 利于石斛的生长， 冬季低温阴雨天卷膜下卷， 育 有效保温抗寒。
[0051] 为了更好的遮阳目的， 棚体左右两侧的至少上面部分设置侧面遮阳网 2。 侧面 遮阳网 2可以遮住整个侧面， 也可以仅遮住侧面的上部。 在图 1所示的石斛种植 大棚中， 侧面遮阳网 2就是仅遮住侧面的上部。 设置侧面遮阳网 2有明显的优势 效果， 尤其是棚体左右两侧分别是东西方向吋， 东西侧石斛易因太阳暴晒而导 致黄叶、 枯死等现象， 而设置侧面遮阳网 2能够使石斛免受太阳暴晒而导致的黄 叶和枯死。
[0052] 需要说明的是， 无论是顶部遮阳网 1， 还是侧面遮阳网 2， 都可以采用固定式黑 纱网， 呈网孔状， 不但有良好的防晒降温作用， 而且不影响通风。
[0053] 在有些环境下， 可能存在蜗牛等软体动物对石斛造成的危害， 因此， 最好在棚 体左右两侧的至少下面部分设置两侧防虫网 3; 进一步， 优选在棚体两端的至少 下面部分设置两端防虫网 4、 5。 一般来讲， 在四周 （棚体左右两侧和两端） 安 装大约 0.8米高的固定式防虫网， 能有效防止蜗牛等主要虫害， 且能减少杀虫剂 的使用， 做到生物和物理防治相结合， 保证产品安全。 当然， 为了更好的防虫 害目的， 也可以在整个棚体左右两侧和两端全部布置防虫网。
[0054] 为了进出大棚方便， 棚体的至少一端设置塑料推拉门 6。
[0055] 在本发明的一个优选实施例中， 棚体内设置兜网苗床 11， 如图 2所示， 兜网苗 床 11包括床架 111和置于床架 111上的兜网装置 112， 兜网装置 112为网孔状， 其 网孔直径小于栽培基质的颗粒直径。 栽培基质一般采用松树皮基质， 因此兜网 装置 112的网孔直径小于松树皮基质。 大棚内采用简易兜网苗床 11种植， 该种兜 网苗床 11结构简单， 造价低廉， 在床架 111上直接固定与苗床面积相同的兜网装 置 112即可直接铺设松树皮基质， 其透水性好， 能有效防止石斛因积水而导致的 根茎腐烂。
[0056] 在本发明的一个优选实施例中， 棚顶内部装有微喷装置 （图 1中未示出） 。 作 为固定式微喷装置， 可以安装在大棚顶架上， 微喷灌水直接喷洒在作物叶面， 便于叶面吸收， 既防止病虫害流行， 又有利于作物生长， 且能做到随水施肥， 提高肥效， 更能够减少劳动力的投入， 节约成本。
[0057] 以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明， 不能认定本 发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。 对于本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员 来说， 在不脱离本发明构思的前提下， 还可以做出若干简单推演或替换， 都应 当视为属于本发明的保护范围。
技术问题
问题的解决方案
发明的有益效果

Claims

权利要求书
[权利要求 1] 一种简易式石斛种植大棚， 包括棚体和棚顶， 其特征在于， 所述棚顶 外层设有遮阳网； 内层分为两边， 分别设置固定式防水塑料薄膜和活 动式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜。
[权利要求 2] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚顶 采用圆拱形结构， 所述内层以拱顶中轴线为中心分为左右两边。
[权利要求 3] 根据权利要求 2所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述活动 式向上内卷防水塑料薄膜的一边通过固定杆沿着所述拱顶中轴线固定 ， 而另一边通过滚动杆控制进行活动式向上内卷。
[权利要求 4] 根据权利要求 1-3任一项所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述内层的左边设置固定式防水塑料薄膜， 右边设置活动式向上内卷 防水塑料薄膜。
[权利要求 5] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述大棚 的四周设置活动式卷膜， 均采用向上内卷式。
[权利要求 6] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚体 左右两侧的至少上面部分设置遮阳网。
[权利要求 7] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚体 左右两侧的至少下面部分设置防虫网。
[权利要求 8] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚体 两端的至少下面部分设置防虫网； 所述棚体的至少一端设置塑料推拉 门。
[权利要求 9] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚体 内设置兜网苗床， 所述兜网苗床包括床架和置于所述床架上的兜网装 置， 所述兜网装置为网孔状， 其网孔直径小于栽培基质的颗粒直径。
[权利要求 10] 根据权利要求 1所述的简易式石斛种植大棚， 其特征在于， 所述棚顶 内部装有微喷装置。
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