WO2017110793A1 - 油圧打撃装置 - Google Patents
油圧打撃装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2017110793A1 WO2017110793A1 PCT/JP2016/087916 JP2016087916W WO2017110793A1 WO 2017110793 A1 WO2017110793 A1 WO 2017110793A1 JP 2016087916 W JP2016087916 W JP 2016087916W WO 2017110793 A1 WO2017110793 A1 WO 2017110793A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- damping
- piston
- pushing
- pressure oil
- oil chamber
- Prior art date
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- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 85
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D9/00—Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, i.e. driven directly by fluids, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously
- B25D9/14—Control devices for the reciprocating piston
- B25D9/26—Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/24—Damping the reaction force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D17/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D17/24—Damping the reaction force
- B25D17/245—Damping the reaction force using a fluid
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B1/00—Percussion drilling
- E21B1/38—Hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/10—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down
- E21C27/12—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down breaking-down effected by acting on the vertical face of the mineral, e.g. by percussive tools
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C27/00—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam
- E21C27/10—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down
- E21C27/12—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down breaking-down effected by acting on the vertical face of the mineral, e.g. by percussive tools
- E21C27/122—Machines which completely free the mineral from the seam by both slitting and breaking-down breaking-down effected by acting on the vertical face of the mineral, e.g. by percussive tools with breaking-down members having a striking action
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2217/00—Details of, or accessories for, portable power-driven percussive tools
- B25D2217/0073—Arrangements for damping of the reaction force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25D—PERCUSSIVE TOOLS
- B25D2222/00—Materials of the tool or the workpiece
- B25D2222/72—Stone, rock or concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hydraulic hitting device such as a rock drill or a breaker that hits a tool such as a rod or chisel to crush a rock.
- a shank rod 102 is inserted into the front end of the rock drill main body 100.
- a rod 22 with a drill bit 21 is connected to the shank rod 102 by a sleeve 23.
- the striking piston 131 of the striking mechanism 103 strikes the shank rod 102.
- the impact energy is transmitted from the shank rod 102 to the bit 21 via the rod 22, and the bit 21 penetrates into the rock mass R to be crushed and is crushed.
- the impact energy is not 100% consumed for crushing the rock mass R, but a part of it returns from the rock mass R as reflected energy Er.
- the reflected energy Er at this time is transmitted from the bit 21 to the rock machine main body 100 through the rod 22 and the shank rod 102. Therefore, the rock drill main body 100 is temporarily retracted by the reflected energy Er. Thereafter, the rock drill main body 100 is further advanced from the original position by the crushing length of one stroke by the thrust of the feeding device (not shown), and when the bit 21 comes into contact with the rock R, the striking mechanism 103 is next. Make a blow. The drilling operation is performed by repeating this process.
- the conventional rock drill main body 100 includes a chuck driver 112 that rotates the shank rod 102 via a chuck 111 as shown in FIG.
- the chuck driver 112 is attached to the chuck driver 112 so as to contact the rear end 102b of the large diameter portion of the shank rod 102.
- the chuck driver bush 113 transmits this thrust to the shank rod 102.
- the reflected energy Er from the bit 21 at the time of hitting is also chucked from the shank rod 102. It is transmitted to the rock drill main body 100 via the driver bush 113.
- “tool” and bit (21) are synonymous, and “transmission member” includes rod (22), sleeve (23), shank rod (102), and chuck driver bush (113).
- omitted in this specification when a hydraulic impact device is a breaker, the rod (or chisel) serves as the role of a "tool” and a "transmission member”.
- this reflected energy Er is directly transmitted to the rock drill body 100 by the chuck driver bush 113, the rock drill body 100 may be damaged by the impact.
- the rock drill main body 100 has been retracted once, it is necessary to move forward by a required distance immediately before the next hit is performed.
- a buffer mechanism having a pushing piston 104 and a damping piston 105 provided on the rear side of the chuck driver bush 113 is also used.
- a hydraulic pump P is connected to the hydraulic circuit of the buffer mechanism as a pressure oil supply source. Pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P is supplied to the pushing oil chamber 141 so as to give thrust to the pushing piston 104, and thrust is applied to the damping piston 105.
- the damping oil chamber 151 is supplied with pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P.
- the pushing oil chamber 141 and the damping oil chamber 151 communicate with each other through an oil supply hole 152.
- An accumulator 164 is provided between the buffer mechanism and the hydraulic pump P.
- the reflected energy Er transmitted from the shank rod 102 to the chuck driver bush 113 is buffered by the retraction of the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5.
- the backward kinetic energy (that is, reflected energy Er) of the pushing piston 104 and the damping piston 105 is finally stored as pressure oil in the accumulator 164.
- the pushing piston 104 and the damping piston 105 obtain thrust by the pressure oil discharged from the hydraulic pump P and the pressure oil accumulated in the accumulator 164 by this buffering action.
- the rock drill main body 100 that has once receded by the reflected energy Er from the bedrock R moves forward to a predetermined hitting position (a state in which the bit 21 is in contact with the bedrock R) before the next hit.
- a predetermined hitting position a state in which the bit 21 is in contact with the bedrock R
- the pushing piston 104 and the damping piston 105 advance faster than the rock drill main body 100. Then, it reaches the forward stroke end of the damping piston 105.
- the pushing piston 104 moves away from the damping piston 105 and contacts the rock mass R via the transmission member. .
- the rock drill main body 100 is also moving forward, and when the rock drill main body 100 moves forward by a predetermined distance before the next hit is performed by the hitting mechanism 103, the pushing piston 104 is moved from the bedrock R to the rock drill main body 100. The reaction force of the thrust F1 is received.
- the pushing piston 104 In the rock drill main body 100, the pushing piston 104, and the damping piston 105, the relationship between the thrusts F1, F4, and F5 is F4 ⁇ F1 ⁇ F5.
- the pushing piston 104 retreats by the reaction force F1 and comes into contact with the damping piston 105, where the damping piston 105 stops at the forward stroke end (hereinafter referred to as “normal hitting position”), and the bit 21
- the striking mechanism 103 hits the rock R and performs the next striking.
- the drilling operation is performed by repeating this process.
- This normal striking position is set so that the striking energy is transmitted most efficiently when the striking piston 131 moves forward and strikes the rear end of the shank rod 102. Normally, the drilling process described above is repeated. On the other hand, when a gap is generated between the rock mass R and the bit 21 before the next hit is performed for some reason, the pushing piston 104 moves forward from the normal hitting position quickly, and the bit 21 is transmitted via the transmission member. Is brought into contact with the rock R, so that the striking energy of the striking piston 131 can be transmitted to the rock R.
- the reflected energy is converted into the kinetic energy of the pushing piston and the damping piston, and then is stored as pressure oil in the accumulator, thereby exhibiting a buffering action. Subsequently, the reflected energy is stored in the accumulator. The pressure oil is released, converted into kinetic energy of the pushing piston and the damping piston, and then transmitted again to the rod as reflected energy.
- This series of mechanisms is literally a buffering action, and is sufficiently effective in terms of suppressing damage to the rock drill body by reflected energy.
- the batting output is Ubo
- the batting energy per batting is Eb
- the number of batting per unit time is Nb
- an object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulic striking device that can sufficiently transmit the striking energy of the striking piston to the rock.
- a hydraulic striking device includes a hydraulic member that includes a transmission member that transmits a thrust to a tool to be crushed and a striking mechanism that strikes a rear portion of the transmission member.
- a striking device which is disposed directly on the rear side of the transmission member and has a thrust smaller than that of the main body of the hydraulic striking device, and is located on the rear side of the pushing piston and the pushing piston
- a damping piston having a thrust larger than the thrust of the main body of the hydraulic striking device and a pressure from a pressure oil supply source so as to give the small thrust to the pushing piston.
- Pushing oil chamber to which oil is supplied, and damping to which pressure oil from a pressure oil supply source is supplied so as to give the large thrust to the damping piston A high pressure between the damping oil chamber, the pushing oil chamber, and the pressure oil supply source, and a drain circuit that discharges the leak of the pressure oil from the sliding contact portion between the pushing piston and the damping piston to the tank.
- a pressure oil supply source provided from the pressure oil supply source side to the damping oil chamber and the pushing oil chamber side, while allowing pressure oil to flow from the pressure oil supply source side to the damping oil chamber and the pushing oil chamber side. It is characterized by comprising a direction restricting means for restricting the flow of pressure oil to the side, and a throttle provided in the drain circuit.
- the hydraulic striking device when the striking mechanism strikes the tool via the transmission member, the tool penetrates the target to be shredded by the striking energy and crushes. Since the reflected energy at this time is transmitted from the tool to the hydraulic striking device through the transmission member, the hydraulic striking device is temporarily retracted by this reflected energy and moved forward by the thrust to the main body of the device. I do.
- the reflected energy transmitted from the tool to the transmission member is buffered by the backward movement of the pushing piston and the damping piston (hereinafter also referred to as “buffer mechanism”).
- buffer mechanism the damping piston
- “outflow” of the pressure oil to the pressure oil supply source side is regulated by the direction regulating means. Therefore, the pressure oil that has lost its place of leakage leaks with a high pressure gradient (ie, heat generation) from the clearance (clearance) between the sliding piston member and sliding member of the shock absorbing mechanism.
- the leak of the pressure oil from the buffer mechanism is controlled by the flow rate adjusted by the throttle provided in the drain circuit.
- the process proceeds to the previous travel.
- the state of the pressure oil supplied from the pressure oil supply source to the damping oil chamber and the pushing oil chamber side is the direction. Since it is maintained (allowed) by the regulating means, the pushing piston and the damping piston can each exert a predetermined thrust without delay.
- the buffering effect is exhibited by converting the reflected energy into the leak of pressure oil accompanied by heat generation. And since the leaked pressure oil is collect
- the damping mechanism of the hydraulic striking device according to one aspect of the present invention exhibits a damping effect in terms of mechanism.
- the amount of energy that returns to the transmission member can be reduced by the buffer mechanism that exhibits a damping action, so that damage to the transmission member can be reduced.
- the buffer mechanism of the hydraulic striking device according to one aspect of the present invention can maintain the buffer action properly at all times because the response speed of the direction restricting means is sufficiently high. Therefore, it is possible to stably reduce the damage to the rock drill body, and it is particularly suitable for a striking mechanism with a high striking number specification.
- the pushing piston and the damping piston quickly advance to a predetermined position (that is, the normal striking position), The next hit is made with the bit touching the bedrock. Also, if there is a gap between the rock mass and the bit before the next strike is made for some reason, the pushing piston moves quickly from the normal strike position to bring the bit into contact with the rock mass. The striking energy can be transmitted to the rock.
- the impact energy of the striking piston can be sufficiently increased while suppressing the damage to both the rock machine body and the transmission member by further strengthening the buffering action. Can be transmitted to the bedrock.
- FIG. 3 is a detailed explanatory view of a main part of the buffer mechanism of FIG.
- FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory view ((a), (b)) of the buffer mechanism in FIG. 2, and each diagram shows the relationship between the displacement of the damping piston and the pressure.
- FIG. 3 is an operation explanatory diagram of the buffer mechanism in FIG. 2, and shows a relationship between time and displacement of the damping piston.
- the basic configuration of the rock drill according to the present embodiment is a striking mechanism in which a shank rod 2 is inserted into the front end of the rock drill main body 1 and the shank rod 2 is hit on the rear side. 3 is provided.
- the shank rod 2 is connected to a rod 22 to which a drill bit 21 is attached by a sleeve 23.
- the rock drill body 1 includes a chuck driver 12 that rotates the shank rod 2 via a chuck 11.
- a chuck driver bush 13 that comes into contact with the rear end 2 a of the large-diameter portion of the shank rod 2 is attached to the chuck driver 12 so as to be slidable back and forth within the chuck driver 12.
- a pushing piston 4 and a damping piston 5 are disposed on the rear side of the chuck driver bush 13 to constitute a buffer mechanism.
- the damping piston 5 is a cylindrical piston having a front end face 50e and a rear end face 50f formed in the longitudinal direction.
- the damping piston 5 has an outer diameter large diameter portion 50a and an outer diameter small diameter portion 50b on its cylindrical outer peripheral surface, and an inner diameter large diameter portion 50c and an inner diameter small diameter portion 50d on its cylindrical inner peripheral surface. .
- the rock drill main body 1 is provided with a center step 14 and a rear step 15.
- the damping piston 5 is mounted so as to be movable back and forth between the center step 14 and the rear step 15.
- the outer diameter large diameter portion 50a and the inner diameter large diameter portion 14a on the central step portion 14 side are in sliding contact
- the outer diameter small diameter portion 50b and the rear inner diameter small diameter portion 15a on the rear step portion 15 side are in sliding contact.
- the damping piston 5 is provided with a drain hole 53a, an oil supply hole 52, and a drain hole 53b in order from the front to the rear as communication holes that communicate the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side.
- An annular pushing oil chamber 41 is formed on the inner diameter side of the oil supply hole 52. With the pushing oil chamber 41 as a boundary, the front side is the large inner diameter portion 50c and the rear side is the small inner diameter portion 50d.
- a seal 54a is provided on the front inner peripheral surface of the drain hole 53a, and a seal 54b is provided on the rear inner peripheral surface of the drain hole 53b.
- the pushing piston 4 is a cylindrical piston with a flange, and an outer diameter large diameter portion 40 a and an outer diameter medium diameter portion 40 b are sequentially formed on the cylindrical outer peripheral surface from the front to the rear. And an outer diameter small diameter portion 40c.
- a front end face 40d is formed on the front side of the outer diameter large diameter portion 40a having a bowl shape, and a center end face 40e is formed on the rear side of the bowl shape.
- the rock drill body 1 is provided with a front step portion 16, and the pushing piston 4 has a bowl shape between the front step portion 16 and the front end surface 50 e of the damping piston 5.
- the presented outer diameter / large diameter portion 40a is mounted so as to be movable back and forth.
- the medium diameter portion 40b and the inner diameter large diameter portion 50c are in sliding contact with each other, and the small diameter portion 40c and the inner diameter small diameter portion 50d are in sliding contact with each other.
- the small diameter part and the large diameter part are formed in the inner peripheral surface of the pushing piston 4 in this embodiment before and behind, this is a shape for avoiding interference with the striking piston 31, and is buffered. The function is not affected.
- a drain port 18 a is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rock drill main body 1 at a position facing the drain hole 53 a of the damping piston 5 on the inner diameter large diameter portion 14 a.
- a seal 19a is provided on the front side of the drain port 18a.
- a pushing port 17 is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the rock drill main body 1, at a position facing the oil supply hole 52 of the damping piston 5 in the small inner diameter portion 15 a.
- a drain port 18b is provided at a position facing the drain hole 53b in the small inner diameter portion 15a of the rock drill main body 1, and a seal 19b is provided on the rear side of the drain port 18b.
- a damping oil chamber 51 is formed at the boundary between the inner diameter large diameter portion 14a and the inner diameter small diameter portion 15a.
- the hydraulic rocker P is connected to the rock drill main body 1 via a high-pressure circuit 6 and the tank T is connected via a drain circuit 7.
- one end of the high pressure circuit 6 is connected to the hydraulic pump P, the other end is branched into a pushing passage 61 and a damping passage 62, the pushing passage 61 is connected to the pushing port 17, and the damping passage 62 is A damping oil chamber 51 is connected.
- a check valve 8 is interposed in the pushing passage 61.
- the check valve 8 is provided as a direction restricting means for permitting inflow of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P side to the pushing port 17 side and for regulating the outflow of pressure oil from the pushing port 17 side to the hydraulic pump side.
- a check valve 9 is interposed in the damping passage 62.
- the check valve 9 is provided as a direction restricting means for permitting inflow of the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump P side to the damping oil chamber 51 side and for restricting the outflow of pressure oil from the damping oil chamber 51 side to the hydraulic pump side. ing.
- a tank T is connected to one end of the drain circuit 7, and the other end of the drain circuit 7 branches into a drain passage 71a and a drain passage 71b.
- the drain passage 71a is connected to the drain port 18a, and the drain passage 71b is connected to the drain port 18b.
- the drain circuit 7 is provided with a variable diaphragm 10.
- the outer diameter of the pushing piston 4 is set such that the diameter of the outer diameter medium diameter portion 40b in front of the pushing oil chamber 41 is D1, and the diameter of the rear outer diameter small diameter portion 40c is D2.
- thrust F4 0 given to the pushing piston 4 by pushing oil chamber 41 becomes the following formula (1).
- F4 0 ⁇ (D1 2 ⁇ D2 2 ) Pd1 / 4 (1)
- the outer diameter of the damping piston 5 is such that the diameter of the large outer diameter portion 50a at the front of the damping oil chamber 51 is D3 and the diameter of the small outer diameter portion 50b at the rear is D4.
- the thrust F5 0 applied to the damping piston 5 by the damping oil chamber 51 becomes the following formula (2).
- F5 0 ⁇ (D3 2 -D4 2 ) Pd1 / 4 (2)
- the thrust given to the rock drill main body 1 is F1
- the relationship among the said thrust F40, the thrust F50, and the thrust F1 is set so that it may become following formula (3).
- the reflected energy Er is attenuated by consuming the thermal energy.
- the leaked pressure oil is discharged to the tank T through the drain ports 18a and 18b and the drain circuit 7, and the drain circuit 7 is provided with a variable throttle 10, and the variable throttle 10
- the upper limit of the leak amount of pressure oil that leaks, that is, the oil consumption amount of the damper is controlled.
- the pushing piston 4 moves forward away from the damping piston 5 (for example, a position where the front end surface 40d abuts on the front step portion 16), the pushing piston 4 is relative to the damping piston 5.
- the damping piston 5 moves backward relative to the rock drill body 1.
- the sliding contact locations at this time are the outer diameter of the pushing piston 4 (outer diameter medium diameter portion 40b, outer diameter small diameter portion 40c), the inner diameter of the damping piston 5 (inner diameter large diameter portion 50c, inner diameter small diameter portion 50d), These are the inner diameter (inner diameter large diameter portion 14a, inner diameter small diameter portion 15a) of the rock machine body 1 and the outer diameter (outer diameter large diameter portion 50a, outer diameter small diameter portion 50b) of the damping piston 5.
- the leaked pressure oil accompanies thermal energy and is recovered to the tank T, so that the reflected energy Er consumes the thermal energy and attenuates.
- leaking pressure oil is discharged to the tank T through the drain holes 53a and 53b, the drain ports 18a and 18b, the drain passages 71a and 71b, and the drain circuit 7, but the drain circuit 7 has a variable throttle 10
- the upper limit of the leak amount of the leaking pressure oil, that is, the oil consumption amount of the damper is controlled by the variable throttle 10.
- buffer thrust F4 1 and the buffer thrust F5 1 can be controlled to a desired set value, respectively by adjusting the degree of opening of the variable throttle 10.
- the relationship between the buffer thrust F4 1 , the buffer thrust F5 1 , and the above-described formula (1) is the following formula (4) and formula (5), and is variable between formula (4) and formula (5).
- the opening degree of the diaphragm 10 is adjusted.
- F1 ⁇ F4 1 max F5 1 max (5)
- F5 1 min ⁇ F4 1 max F5 1 max
- buffer thrust F4 1 is larger than the buffer thrust F4 0
- initial buffering action by pushing the piston 4 is sufficient effective. For example, in a phase where the pushing piston 4 moves backward and abuts against the damping piston 5, both members of the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 collide. If it is a buffer mechanism, since the collision speed is reduced, there is an effect that the noise can be kept low.
- the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 retreat a predetermined distance (for example, until the rear end face 50f comes into contact with the rear step portion 15), the reflected energy Er is transmitted to the rock drill body 1 while being sufficiently attenuated.
- the buffering process ends.
- the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 always exhibit a buffering action with a stable damping action, so that the rock drill body 1 and the tool and the transmission member are damaged.
- the stroke in which the reflected energy Er from the rock mass R is transmitted and the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 retreat while exhibiting a damping action with a damping action is called a buffering stroke.
- the rock drill body 1 that has once receded by the reflected energy Er from the bedrock R advances to a state where the bit 21 is in contact with the bedrock R, that is, a predetermined hit position by the next hit.
- the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 move forward more quickly than the drill rock main body 1, and the damping piston No. 5 forward stroke end, that is, the front end surface 50e moves forward to a reference position where it abuts against the central step portion 14 and stops.
- the pushing piston 4 moves away from the damping piston 5 and brings the bit 21 into contact with the rock mass R via the transmission member. .
- the rock drill body 1 is also moving forward, and thereafter, the rock drill body 1 with the damping piston 5 in contact with the front end surface 14 of the rock drill body 1 catches up with the pushing piston, and is next moved by the striking mechanism 3. It comes into contact until it is hit.
- the rocking machine main body 1, the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 have a thrusting force F1, F4 0 , F5 0 having a relationship of F4 0 ⁇ F1 ⁇ F5 0. 4 is retracted and comes into contact with the damping piston 5, and the damping piston 5 stops at the forward stroke end, that is, in the normal striking position, and the bit 21 comes into contact with the rock R and the thrust F1 is applied.
- the striking mechanism 3 performs the next striking.
- the pushing piston 4 is moved from the normal hitting position. Promptly advance, the bit 21 is brought into contact with the rock mass R through the transmission member. Thereby, the striking energy of the striking piston 31 can be transmitted to the rock mass R.
- the stroke in which the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 move forward after the buffer stroke and the bit 21 is in contact with the rock mass R is referred to as a forward travel stroke.
- FIG. 4 schematically shows the state of the stroke of the damping piston 5 and the pressure in the damping oil chamber 51 in the buffering stroke.
- FIG. 4A shows the conventional buffer mechanism described in FIG. The form of the buffer mechanism is compared in FIG.
- the stroke of the conventional damping piston 105 is Sd1
- the stroke of the damping piston 5 of the present embodiment is Sd2
- the pressure of the conventional damping oil chamber 151 is Pd1
- the pressure of the damping oil chamber 51 of the present embodiment is Pd2.
- Er′2 Pd2 ⁇ Sd2 Sd1> Sd2 ⁇ Er'1>Er'2
- the buffer mechanism of this embodiment can significantly reduce the energy returned to the transmission member. Therefore, it contributes to reducing the load on the transmission member, and in particular, the effect is exhibited as the impact energy increases.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a state of the stroke of the damping piston 5 and the buffering time of the damping oil chamber 51 in the buffering stroke.
- the conventional buffering mechanism (a) shown in FIG. 12 is shown in contrast with the buffer mechanism (b) of the present embodiment.
- the stroke of the conventional damping piston 105 shown in FIG. 12 is shown as Sd1
- the stroke of the damping piston 5 of this embodiment is Sd2
- the conventional buffer time is shown as t1
- the buffer time of this embodiment is shown as t2.
- the reverse stroke of the damping piston 5 of the present embodiment is shorter than the reverse stroke of the conventional damping piston 105 as Sd2 ⁇ Sd1, so that the buffer time is also shortened to t2 ⁇ t1 as shown in FIG. You can see that.
- the fact that the backward stroke of the damping piston 5 is short makes it possible to promptly shift to the pre-progression step that is subsequently performed. Therefore, the buffer mechanism of the present embodiment can complete both the buffer stroke and the forward travel stroke in a short time, and in particular, the effect is exhibited as the number of hits per unit time increases.
- the hydraulic striking device according to the present invention is not limited to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, other embodiments will be further described.
- FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, and the second embodiment has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment described above except that a second diaphragm 63 is added to the high-voltage circuit 6.
- the flow rate adjustment amount (throttle amount) of the second throttle 63 is set smaller than the flow rate adjustment amount of the variable throttle 10.
- the high-pressure passages 61 and 62 are provided with check valves 8 and 9 as direction restricting means, as in the first embodiment described above.
- check valves 8 and 9 are also hydraulic devices, there are very few. Due to internal leaks, it is difficult to completely prevent pressure oil from flowing out.
- FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention.
- an accumulator 64 is provided in the high-pressure circuit 6 between the check valves 8 and 9 provided in the high-pressure circuit 6 and the second throttle 63.
- the configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment except that is added.
- it is effective to provide the second throttle 63 in the high voltage circuit 6 as a countermeasure against the outflow in the high voltage circuit 6.
- the second throttle 63 is provided in the high-pressure circuit 6, it is inevitable that the pressure oil is supplied from the hydraulic pump P side to the pushing oil chamber 41 and the damping oil chamber 51 side.
- the pulsation may be quickly converged by the accumulator 64.
- the next pulsation may occur before the pulsation attenuates, doubling the amplitude of the pulsation and damaging the equipment. Can be resolved.
- FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
- the fourth embodiment is the same as the third embodiment except that a throttle 91 is provided in place of the check valve 9 as the direction regulating means of the high-pressure passage 62. It is the same composition as.
- the wavelength of the reflected wave generated may be shortened, and the time for the reflected wave to act on the buffer mechanism may be shortened.
- the buffer mechanism must exhibit a sufficient buffer action in a short time, and for that purpose, it is necessary to increase the response speed of the direction regulating means.
- a throttle can be adopted in addition to the check valve, but the throttle is superior in terms of the response speed of the buffer action.
- the check valve is superior to the throttle in terms of the forward speed after changing from buffering to forward. Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the throttle 91 is adopted as the direction control means of the damping passage 62 and the check valve 8 is adopted as the direction control means of the pushing passage 61. It should be noted that the amount of adjustment of each diaphragm in the fourth embodiment has a relationship of the diaphragm 91 as the direction control means ⁇ the variable diaphragm 10 of the drain circuit 7 ⁇ the second diaphragm 63.
- FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
- the fifth embodiment branches the high-pressure passage 6 into branch passages 65a and 65b, the branch passage 65a into the damping oil chamber 51, and the branch passage 65b into the pushing port. 17 respectively.
- it is the same structure as the said 3rd Embodiment except having provided the one check valve 81 as a direction control means in the pump P side rather than the branch point of two branch channel
- FIG. 10 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
- the damping oil chamber 51 and the pushing port 17 are integrated into one buffer oil chamber 55, and the high pressure circuit 6 is connected without branching. Except for this, the configuration is the same as that of the fifth embodiment. By configuring in this way, one port can be reduced, and the configuration becomes simpler and the cost is reduced.
- the fifth embodiment and the sixth embodiment described above integrate the hydraulic systems individually provided for the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 as in the other embodiments, This simplifies the configuration and reduces costs.
- the influence of the pressure oil pulsation caused by the operation of the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 is also shared.
- the hydraulic system is shared, it is impossible to determine the specification of the direction restricting means corresponding to the characteristics of the pushing piston 4 and the damping piston 5 as in the fourth embodiment.
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Abstract
Description
通常であれば上述のさく孔行程が繰り返される。一方、何らかの要因で次の打撃が行われるまでに岩盤Rとビット21との間に隙間が生じる場合は、プッシングピストン104は、通常打撃位置から速やかに前進して、伝達部材を介してビット21を岩盤Rに接触させるので、打撃ピストン131の打撃エネルギを岩盤Rに伝達することができる。
Ubo=Eb×Nb・・・(式)
そのため、行き場を失った圧油は、緩衝機構の、摺動するプッシングピストンとダンピングピストンの部材同士の摺接箇所の隙間(クリアランス)から高い圧力勾配(即ち、発熱)を伴いながらリークする。緩衝機構からの圧油のリークは、ドレン回路に設けられた絞りによって流量が調整されており緩衝作用を制御している。
また、本発明の一態様に係る油圧打撃装置の緩衝機構は、方向規制手段の応答速度が充分早いため、常に適切に緩衝作用を維持できる。そのため、さく岩機本体の損傷を安定して減少させることが可能であり、特に、高打撃数仕様の打撃機構に好適である。
まず、本発明の第1実施形態について説明する。
本実施形態のさく岩機の基本的な構成は、図1に示すように、さく岩機本体1の前端部にシャンクロッド2が挿着され、その後側にシャンクロッド2に打撃を与える打撃機構3が設けられている。シャンクロッド2には、さく孔用のビット21を取付けたロッド22がスリーブ23で連結されている。
また、ダンピング通路62には、チェック弁9が介装されている。チェック弁9は、油圧ポンプP側からダンピング油室51側への圧油の流入を許容する一方、ダンピング油室51側から油圧ポンプ側への圧油の流出を規制する方向規制手段として設けられている。
F40=π(D12-D22)Pd1/4・・・(1)
F50=π(D32-D42)Pd1/4・・・(2)
そして、さく岩機本体1に与えられる推力をF1とすると、上記推力F40、推力F50および推力F1の関係は、下記式(3)となるように設定されている。
F40<F1<F50・・・(3)
さく孔作業の際には、打撃機構3の打撃ピストン31がシャンクロッド2を打撃すると、その打撃エネルギは、シャンクロッド2からロッド22を経てビット21に伝達され、ビット21が破砕対象である岩盤Rに貫入して破砕する。このときの反射エネルギErは、ビット21からロッド22、シャンクロッド2、チャックドライバブッシュ13を経てプッシングピストン4に伝達される。
このときの摺接箇所は、プッシングピストン4の外径(外径中径部40b、外径小径部40c)とダンピングピストン5の内径(内径大径部50c、内径小径部50d)、および、さく岩機本体1の内径(内径大径部14a、内径小径部15a)とダンピングピストン5の外径(外径大径部50a、外径小径部50b)である。
(A)可変絞り10の開度を最大にする場合(=絞り効果の下限値)
F1<F41min<F51min・・・(4)
ここで、F40<F41min、F50<F51min
(B)可変絞り10の開度を全閉にする場合(=絞り効果の上限値)
F1<F41max=F51max・・・(5)
ここで、F51min<F41max=F51max
このように、本実施形態の緩衝機構であれば、プッシングピストン4とダンピングピストン5は、常に安定して減衰作用を伴う緩衝作用を発揮するので、さく岩機本体1および工具ならびに伝達部材の損傷が少なくなる。なお、岩盤Rからの反射エネルギErが伝達され、プッシングピストン4とダンピングピストン5が後退しながら減衰作用を伴う緩衝作用を発揮する行程を緩衝行程という。
Er=Pd1×Sd1=Pd2×Sd2・・・(6)
ここで、圧力Pd2は、ダンピングピストン5が後退時の油圧であり、チェック弁9により行き場を失ったダンピング油室51の圧油が、摺接箇所のクリアランスからリークする際の通路抵抗により昇圧され、Pd2>Pd1となるので、Sd2<Sd1となる。したがって、本実施形態のダンピングピストン5の後退ストロークは、従来のダンピングピストン105の後退ストロークよりも短いことがわかる。
Ed=(Pd2-Pd1)×Sd2・・・(7)
すなわち、減衰エネルギEdは、図4(b)のハッチングの部分に相当する。
Er'1=Pd1×Sd1(=Er)
Er'2=Pd2×Sd2
Sd1>Sd2
∴Er'1>Er'2
なお、本発明に係る油圧打撃装置は、上記第1実施形態に限定されるものではない。以下、他の実施形態について更に説明する。
図6は、本発明の第2実施形態を示しており、第2実施形態は、高圧回路6に第二の絞り63を追加した以外は、上述した第1実施形態と同じ構成である。第二の絞り63の流量調整量(絞り量)は、可変絞り10の流量調整量よりも少なく設定してある。
図7は、本発明の第3実施形態を示しており、第3実施形態は、高圧回路6に設けたチェック弁8、9と第二の絞り63との間の高圧回路6に、アキュムレータ64を追加した以外は、上記第2実施形態と同じ構成である。
上述したように、高圧回路6内の流出対策として、第二の絞り63を高圧回路6に設けることは有効である。しかし、第二の絞り63を高圧回路6に設ける場合は、油圧ポンプP側からプッシング油室41およびダンピング油室51側への圧油の供給に対しても抵抗となることは避けられない。
図8は本発明の第4実施形態を示しており、第4実施形態は、高圧通路62の方向規制手段として、チェック弁9の代わりに絞り91を設けたこと以外は、上記第3実施形態と同じ構成である。
図9は本発明の第5実施形態を示しており、第5実施形態は、高圧通路6を分岐通路65a、65bに分岐し、分岐通路65aをダンピング油室51に、分岐通路65bをプッシングポート17にそれぞれ接続している。そして、二つの分岐通路65a、65bの分岐点よりもポンプP側に、方向規制手段として一つのチェック弁81を設けたこと以外は、上記第3実施形態と同じ構成である。このように構成することで、方向規制手段を一つ削減することができ、構成が簡素となりコストが下がる。
図10は本発明の第6実施形態を示しており、第6実施形態は、ダンピング油室51とプッシングポート17を統合して一つの緩衝油室55とし、高圧回路6を分岐せずに接続したこと以外は、上記第5実施形態と同じ構成である。このように構成することで、ポートを一つ削減することができ、構成がより簡素となりコストが下がる。
2 シャンクロッド
2a 大径部後端
3 打撃機構
4 プッシングピストン
5 ダンピングピストン
6 高圧回路
7 ドレン回路
8 チェック弁(方向規制手段)
9 チェック弁(方向規制手段)
10 可変絞り
11 チャック
12 チャックドライバ
13 チャックドライバブッシュ
14 中央段部
14a 内径大径部
15 後方段部
15a 内径小径部
16 前方段部
17 プッシングポート
18a、18b ドレンポート
19a、19b シール
21 ビット
22 ロッド
23 スリーブ
31 打撃ピストン
40a 外径大径部
40b 外径中径部
40c 外径小径部
40d、40e 前端面、中央端面
41 プッシング油室
50a、50b 外径大径部、外径小径部
50c、50d 内径大径部、内径小径部
50e、50f 前端面、後端面
51 ダンピング油室(ダンピングポート)
52 給油孔
53a、53b ドレン孔
54a、54b シール
55 緩衝油室
61 プッシング通路
62 ダンピング通路
63 絞り
64 アキュムレータ
65a、65b 分岐通路
71a、71b ドレン通路
81 チェック弁(方向規制手段)
91 絞り(方向規制手段)
Er 反射エネルギ
P 油圧ポンプ
R 岩盤
T タンク
Claims (4)
- 工具に破砕対象側への推力を伝達する伝達部材と、該伝達部材の後部を打撃する打撃機構とを備えた油圧打撃装置であって、
前記伝達部材の直接後側に配設されて当該油圧打撃装置の装置本体の推力よりも小さな推力を有するプッシングピストンと、
前記プッシングピストンの後側に位置するとともに前記プッシングピストンと相互に前後摺動するように配設されて当該油圧打撃装置の装置本体の推力よりも大きな推力を有するダンピングピストンと、
前記プッシングピストンに前記小さな推力を与えるように圧油供給源からの圧油が供給されるプッシング油室と、
前記ダンピングピストンに前記大きな推力を与えるように圧油供給源からの圧油が供給されるダンピング油室と、
前記プッシングピストンと前記ダンピングピストンの摺接箇所からの圧油のリークをタンクへと排出するドレン回路と、
前記ダンピング油室および前記プッシング油室と前記圧油供給源との間の高圧回路に設けられて、前記圧油供給源側から前記ダンピング油室および前記プッシング油室側への圧油の流入を許容する一方、前記ダンピング油室および前記プッシング油室側から前記圧油供給源側への圧油の流出を規制する方向規制手段と、
前記ドレン回路に設けられた絞りとを備えることを特徴とする油圧打撃装置。 - 前記方向規制手段と前記圧油供給源との間の高圧回路に設けられた第二の絞りを有し、
前記第二の絞りは、前記ドレン回路に設けられた絞りよりも流量調整量が少なく設定されている請求項1に記載の油圧打撃装置。 - 前記方向規制手段と前記第二の絞りとの間の高圧回路に設けられたアキュムレータを有する請求項2に記載の油圧打撃装置。
- 前記方向規制手段は、前記ダンピング油室と前記圧油供給源との間の高圧回路および前記プッシング油室と前記圧油供給源との間の高圧回路にそれぞれ設けられており、
前記プッシング油室側がチェック弁であり、前記ダンピング油室側が絞りまたはチェック弁である請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の油圧打撃装置。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US11034010B2 (en) | 2021-06-15 |
EP3395504B1 (en) | 2023-05-10 |
KR20180067622A (ko) | 2018-06-20 |
JPWO2017110793A1 (ja) | 2018-06-28 |
CN108367419A (zh) | 2018-08-03 |
JP6571797B2 (ja) | 2019-09-04 |
JP2019188603A (ja) | 2019-10-31 |
US20190210205A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
JP6792034B2 (ja) | 2020-11-25 |
EP3395504A1 (en) | 2018-10-31 |
FI3395504T3 (fi) | 2023-08-09 |
KR102056992B1 (ko) | 2019-12-17 |
EP3395504A4 (en) | 2019-02-20 |
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