WO2017107305A1 - 一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机 - Google Patents

一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017107305A1
WO2017107305A1 PCT/CN2016/074808 CN2016074808W WO2017107305A1 WO 2017107305 A1 WO2017107305 A1 WO 2017107305A1 CN 2016074808 W CN2016074808 W CN 2016074808W WO 2017107305 A1 WO2017107305 A1 WO 2017107305A1
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Prior art keywords
tower
scraper
rotation
bearing
pulley
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PCT/CN2016/074808
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周越魁
高苏茂
刘培东
王慧
周进
周春梅
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江苏瑞安特重型机械有限公司
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Publication of WO2017107305A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017107305A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
    • C05C9/005—Post-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of the lower tower of the urea high tower granulator and the compound fertilizer high tower granulator, in particular to a tower bottom scraper of a high tower granulator.
  • the receiving method at the bottom of the granulating tower includes a cantilever scraper, a V-shaped receiving hopper, a W-shaped receiving hopper and a disc scraper, and these types of receiving methods are
  • the actual operation of the high tower melt granulator is analyzed as follows.
  • the cantilever type scraper is mounted on a conical concrete bucket with a 15° ⁇ 18° at the bottom of the prilling tower.
  • the transmission device is installed on the pre-buried bolt below the bottom of the cone cone, and the transmission device drives the cone on the top.
  • the cantilever rotates, and a plurality of angled scrapers distributed on the cantilever rotate with the cantilever and gradually scrape the fertilizer from the tower circumference to the center of the tower;
  • the cantilever Since the cantilever is fixed by the center of the cone and drives the cantilever to rotate, there is no fulcrum at other points, and the strength of the cantilever cannot be made too large. If the strength of the cantilever is too large, the running load is too large and the power consumption is increased; After the device is operated for a period of time, the cantilever resistance increases due to the wet adhesion and agglomeration of the bottom material, causing the cantilever to be upturned, so that the distance between the cantilever and the upper surface of the cone is getting larger and larger, on the cone The thicker and thicker the material layer causes the moisture absorption of the material layer, causing environmental pollution and loss of fertilizer.
  • the cantilever of the scraper will stick to the material, and the more sticky it is, the more it will accumulate to a certain extent, it will fall off automatically.
  • the large piece that falls off can easily block the lower opening, and it must be stopped at this time.
  • the cantilever type scraper has high cost and high power consumption.
  • the installation height of the V-shaped receiving hopper is high. Taking the ⁇ 18000mm granulation tower diameter as an example, the maximum elevation of the V-shaped receiving hopper is 15000mm at the granulation tower cylinder, which reduces the effective height of the tower. If the granulator speed is not properly controlled, the V-shaped hopper will have more and more accumulated material. Generally, it needs to be stopped for cleaning after 2 months of operation. Otherwise, the V-shaped hopper will be crushed, and the cleaning is difficult and unsafe.
  • the W-shaped receiving hopper is evolved on the basis of the V-shaped receiving hopper, which is made up of several long V-shaped receiving hoppers made of steel.
  • the section is W-shaped, and each V-shaped receiving hopper is provided with one finished product.
  • Material belt; W-shaped receiving hopper The number of buckets increases with the increase of the diameter of the granulation tower, generally 2-6 buckets; compared with the V-shaped receiving hopper, the height of the W-shaped receiving hopper is reduced by about 9000 mm, saving the capital investment; the product of the W-shaped receiving hopper Materials and adhesives are more common problems. Although many enterprises and design units have adopted a variety of coping styles, they have not been completely solved yet.
  • the cleaned blocks still need to be crushed again and returned to the system for digestion; W-shaped receiving hopper lower part
  • the finished product discharge belt has material spillage, and the fertilizer scattered on the ground needs to be cleaned every time, especially in the summer, if the cleaning is not timely, the moisture will be dissolved, causing fertilizer loss and environmental pollution; the belt conveyor is running.
  • the black rubber that wears out can affect the appearance of the fertilizer, especially in summer.
  • the invention patent CN201310349852.7 discloses a scraper for collecting the bottom of a composite fertilizer granulation high tower, which is to install a rotating flat receiving disc with a central lowering hole at the bottom of the high tower. 2-3 rotating screw conveyors are installed on the receiving disc, the driving end of the screw conveyor is fixedly installed at the tower wall, and the other end of the screw conveyor is fixedly installed at the center hole of the disc, and the screw conveyor does not follow The receiving disc rotates, and when the material on the receiving disc rotates to the screw conveyor, the material on the disc passing through the screw conveyor is scraped toward the center of the disc by the rotation of the screw conveyor to complete the bottom of the tray.
  • the invention solves the technical problem of high labor intensity and affecting the yield in high tower production; the invention has the disadvantage that the receiving material is a flat disc receiving material, resulting in a large load of the screw conveyor and more granules; Rotating the flat receiving disc at the bottom of the tower requires large power and high cost; the bottom of the tower needs to be more foundationd and more tugboats are installed to support the larger rotating disc, the mechanism is complicated, and the bottom space is occupied. Causes the bottom of the tower to be overhauled and cleaned up Will.
  • Chinese patent CN203238188U discloses a composite scraper for the bottom of the compound fertilizer granulation high tower, which comprises a fixed base with a support installed at the center of the bottom of the high tower; the fixed base is provided with a middle sleeve hole.
  • the receiving disc is sleeved on the support through the sleeve hole in the middle; the receiving disc is rotatably connected to the fixed base through a rotating sliding plate at the bottom thereof; and one side of the fixed base is provided with a deceleration connected to the motor
  • the reducer meshes with the concentric ring gear on the bottom surface of the receiving disc through the gear; the ring gear support pulley with the support seat is arranged under the concentric ring gear; the turntable support pulley is arranged under the outer edge of the receiving disc;
  • a screw conveyor is arranged on the disc; one end of the screw conveyor is fixedly connected with the support through the bearing seat, and the other end is connected to the cycloid reducer and the discharge pipe through the discharge port on the wall of the high tower.
  • Chinese Patent No. CN204469663U discloses a high-tower composite fertilizer bottom-bottom type scraper, which is characterized in that it comprises a receiving surface and a rotating arm type scraping mechanism disposed at the bottom of the high tower, and a rotating arm above the receiving surface.
  • the scraping mechanism, the cone-type scraping mechanism is provided with a conical receiving hopper below the center of the receiving surface, and the outer part of the receiving tube is provided with a large gear, and one side of the large gear has a small meshing force with the small gear
  • the gear and pinion are connected with the power mechanism; the large gear is connected with the arm type scraping mechanism.
  • the device has only the center pivot of the cone, and there is no fulcrum at other points, and the strength of the cantilever cannot be made too large; therefore, after the device is operated for a period of time, the cantilever is upturned, so that the upper surface of the cantilever and the cone.
  • the distance between the belts is getting bigger and bigger, and the material layer on the cone is thicker and thicker, causing the moisture absorption of the material layer, causing environmental pollution and loss of fertilizer; the arm of the rotary arm scraper will stick to the material, and the more The more the viscosity, the longer the need to stop the treatment; the device is expensive and consumes a lot of power.
  • the present invention provides a device for preventing high-tower bottom cone bucket material accumulation while timely cleaning the falling material in the tower, which itself does not stick to the material, that is, the tower bottom of the high tower granulator device Scraper.
  • a high-tower granulator bottom scraper comprising a high tower granulation cone and a scraper body provided with a lowering mouth, the scraper body being mounted at the height
  • the innovation is that the outer tower granulation cone is provided with an outer circumferential track; the scraper body comprises a revolution device, a rotation device, a scraper arm and a rotating platform.
  • the revolving device is mounted on the outer circumferential track, and the rotation device is mounted on the rotating platform; the revolving device and the rotation device are connected by a scraper arm.
  • the rotating platform and the upper part of the hollow shaft are connected by a key, and the lower part of the hollow shaft passes through a bearing box with a hollow shaft and a bearing in a bearing housing with a hollow shaft therein, and the hollow shaft and the bearing are used.
  • the bearing is connected with the bearing; the bearing box with the hollow shaft is fixedly connected with the bottom receiving cone of the bottom and the feeding opening of the bottom receiving cone.
  • a protective cover is further disposed above the rotating support, the protective cover has a tapered shape, and the bottom of the tapered shape is fixed on the rotating support.
  • the scraper arm is a shaftless spiral scraper arm, and the shaftless spiral scraper arm is a portion of the shaftless screw scraper after removing the outer cylindrical shell.
  • the outer circumferential track comprises a horizontal circumferential track and a vertical circumferential track; the level Both the circumferential track and the vertical circumferential track are fixed on the tower body around the high tower pelletizing cone, and are arranged at the intersection.
  • the revolving device comprises a male rotational force device, a trolley and a pulley, the trolley is mounted on an outer circumference rail, the male rotational force device is connected with the trolley, and drives the trolley to rotate; the pulley is mounted on the bottom of the trolley, the pulley Operates in conjunction with the outer circumference track.
  • the pulley includes an axial pulley mounted on a bottom of the trolley, and a radial pulley that rolls on a horizontal circumferential track; the axial pulley is mounted at the On the side of the trolley, the axial pulley rolls on a vertical circumferential track to effect rotation of the scraper on the outer circumferential track.
  • the male rotational force device comprises a revolution motor, a revolution reducer, a revolution drive drive wheel, a revolutionary driven transmission wheel, a scraper driven end bearing and a bearing seat; the revolution motor, the revolution reducer, and the scraper
  • the driven end bearing and the bearing seat are all mounted on the trolley, and the revolutionary active transmission wheel transmits power through the revolution motor and the revolution reducer, and the revolutionary driven transmission wheel is mounted on the revolutionary driven shaft.
  • the rotation device comprises a rotation motor, a rotation reducer, a rotation active transmission wheel, a rotation driven transmission wheel and a scraper power end bearing and a bearing seat; the rotation motor, the rotation reducer and the scraper power end
  • the bearing and the bearing seat are mounted on the rotating platform, and the scraping power end bearing and the bearing seat are connected with the rotating driven transmission wheel through the hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft is connected to the scraping arm, wherein the scraping arm is preferably provided with the shaftless spiral blade
  • the shaftless spiral scraper arm, the rotation motor and the rotation reducer drive the rotation of the active drive wheel to rotate, thereby driving the rotation of the driven transmission wheel, and the rotation of the driven transmission wheel with the hollow shaft and the shaftless spiral scraper arm rotating;
  • the moving transmission wheel is mounted on the rotating driven shaft.
  • the scraper arm is connected to the revolution device and the rotation device through the scraper power end bearing and the bearing seat and the scraper driven end bearing and the bearing seat respectively.
  • the spiral diameter of the shaftless spiral scraper arm is selected, and the spiral diameter of the shaftless spiral scraper arm can be between 250 mm and 800 mm.
  • the scraper of the present invention can transform a device in which a cantilever scraper, a V-shaped receiving hopper and a disc scraper are installed at the bottom of a high-tower granulator to be a solid-arm flexible arm scraper; Due to the small moving parts of the device, the power consumption during operation of the device is low.
  • the scraping machine of the invention adopts the shaftless spiral scraping arm, the material is not easy to be blocked, the discharge opening is not blocked, so that the transmission can be smoothly driven at a lower speed, and the energy consumption is reduced;
  • Material The arm can also be closely attached to the upper surface of the collecting cone of the bottom of the tower, so that the upper surface of the collecting cone of the bottom of the tower is not easy to accumulate, the materialized water phenomenon is not easy to occur, and the quality of the produced product is improved.
  • the scraping machine of the invention adopts the shaftless spiral scraping arm of the scraping arm, so that the scraping machine can not easily accumulate the material, and at the same time plays the role of supporting and cleaning the cable protective sleeve, and the overall solution is solved.
  • the prior art has the technical problems of high production cost, high cost of the bottom receiving device, high labor intensity of cleaning the bottom of the tower and affecting the yield.
  • the scraper of the present invention has a protective cover mounted on the rotating support to protect the rotating platform and the device above it.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a tower bottom scraper of a high tower granulator according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a tower bottom scraper revolving device of the high tower granulator according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a tower bottom scraper rotation device of the high tower granulator of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the shaftless spiral scraper arm of the present invention.
  • the first embodiment of the present invention discloses a tower squeezing device for a high-tower granulator, which first installs a tower wall baffle plate 22 on a tower wall, blocks the blank near the tower wall, and protects the lower portion thereof. The components are not affected by the internal blanking of the tower.
  • the scraper includes a high tower pelletizing cone and a scraper body provided with a lowering port 20, the scraper body being mounted on the upper surface of the high tower pelletizing cone, and the high tower pelletizing cone
  • An outer circumferential track 6 is provided; the outer circumferential track 6 includes a horizontal circumferential track and a vertical circumferential track; the horizontal circumferential track and the vertical circumferential track are both fixed on the tower body around the high tower granulation cone, and are arranged to intersect.
  • the scraper body comprises a revolving device, a rotation device, a scraper arm 10 and a rotating platform 18, the revolving device is mounted on the outer circumferential rail 6, the rotation device is mounted on the rotating platform 18; the revolving device and the rotation device are passed through the scraping arm 10 connection.
  • the scraper arm is selected from a shaftless spiral scraper arm, more specifically a shaftless spiral blade.
  • the revolution device mainly realizes the revolving of the scraper body, so that the scraper arm rotates around the central axis of the cone on the upper surface of the tower granulation cone, thereby scraping the material on the upper surface of the tower granulation cone to the cone center of At the feed opening.
  • the revolution device includes a male rotational force device, a trolley 5 and a pulley.
  • the trolley 5 is mounted on the outer circumferential rail 6, the male rotational force device is connected with the trolley 5, and drives the trolley 5 to rotate; and the trolley 5 is mounted with a pulley at the bottom.
  • the pulley cooperates with the outer circumferential rail 6; the pulley comprises an axial pulley 1 and a radial pulley 4 mounted on the bottom of the trolley 5, the radial pulley 4 rolling on the horizontal circumferential track; the axial pulley 1 is mounted At the side of the cart 5, the axial pulley 1 rolls on a vertical circumferential track, enabling the scraper to rotate on the outer circumference track.
  • the male rotational force device comprises a revolution motor 8, a revolution reducer 7, a revolution drive wheel 2, a revolutionary driven transmission wheel 3, a scraper driven end bearing and a bearing seat 9, a revolution motor 8, a revolution reducer 7,
  • the scraping driven end bearing and the bearing seat 9 are all mounted on the trolley 5, and the revolutionary driving wheel 2 transmits power through the revolving motor 8 and the revolution reducer, and the revolving driven transmission wheel 3 is mounted on the revolving driven shaft.
  • the power transmission process in the male rotational force device is: the power is rotated by the revolution motor 8 via the revolution reducer 7 to rotate the revolution active drive wheel 2, and the revolution active drive wheel 2 transmits the power to the revolutionary driven transmission wheel 3, and the revolutionary driven transmission wheel 3 drives the radial pulley 4 to rotate, thereby driving the trolley 5 to rotate around the horizontal and vertical outer circumferential track 6 around the bottom receiving cone, and the axial pulley 1 moves on the outer circumference track around the bottom receiving cone On the vertical circumferential track of 6, the radial pulley 4 rolls forward on a horizontal circumferential track.
  • the scraper driven end bearing of the scraper and the bearing housing 9 are mounted on the trolley 5, so that the trolley 5 revolves around the center line of the bottom receiving cone of the tower.
  • the self-rotating device drives the scraper scraper arm to scrape the material to the center discharge port of the cone.
  • the rotation device comprises a rotation motor 17, a rotation reducer 16, a rotation drive wheel 14, a rotation driven transmission wheel 13 and a scraper power end bearing and a bearing seat 15; a rotation motor 17, a rotation reducer 16 and a scraper power end bearing and
  • the bearing housing 15 is mounted on the rotating platform 18, and the scraping power end bearing and the bearing housing 15 are connected with the rotation driven transmission wheel through the hollow shaft 21, and the hollow shaft 21 is connected to the shaftless spiral blade, and the rotation motor 17 and the rotation speed reducer 16 are driven.
  • the rotation of the driving drive wheel rotates, thereby driving the rotation of the driven transmission wheel, and the rotation driven transmission wheel is rotated by the hollow shaft 21 and the shaftless spiral blade; the rotation driven transmission wheel 13 is mounted on the rotation driven shaft.
  • the power transmission process in the rotation device is: the rotation of the rotation speed reducer 16 is driven by the rotation motor 17 , the rotation speed reduction machine 16 drives the rotation of the rotation drive wheel 14 , and the rotation drive transmission wheel 14 drives the rotation of the driven transmission wheel 13 to rotate
  • the arm 10 rotates to scrape the material into the lower opening 20.
  • the rotary platform 18 is connected to the upper portion of the hollow shaft 21 by a key, and the lower portion of the hollow shaft 21
  • the bearing housing 19 having the hollow shaft 21 therein and the bearing in the bearing housing 19 having the hollow shaft 21 therein, the hollow shaft 21 and the bearing are connected by an interference fit, and the bearing housing 19 and the tower with the hollow shaft 21 are disposed.
  • the bottom receiving cone and the lower receiving port 20 of the bottom receiving cone are fixedly connected, and the hollow shaft 21 is provided with a cable protection sleeve 11 , and the cable cutter for revolving and pulling its own rotation is passed through the bottom of the tower
  • the cable protection sleeve 11 in the hollow shaft 21 at the center line of the receiving cone is passed through; and is connected to the upper surface of the bottom receiving cone by a cable rotary joint, and two of the cable protection sleeve 11 of the scraper
  • the ends are fixed on the trolley 5 and on the rotary support 18 at the center of the cone.
  • a protective cover 12 is further disposed above the rotating support 18 , the protective cover has a tapered shape, and the bottom of the tapered shape is fixed on the rotating support 18 to serve the rotating support 18 and The protection of the device above.
  • the scraper arm 10 is preferably a shaftless helical scraper arm.
  • the use of the shaftless spiral scraping arm makes the scraper less prone to material accumulation and at the same time supports and cleans the cable protection sleeve.
  • the spiral diameter of a suitable shaftless spiral scraper arm needs to be selected.
  • the spiral diameter of the shaftless spiral scraper arm can be between 250 mm and 800 mm. It ensures that the scraper arm rotates freely, which also reduces manufacturing costs and maximizes cost performance.
  • the material is received by a rotating shaftless spiral scraper installed on the upper surface of the bottom receiving cone, and the scraper revolves around the central axis of the high tower pelletizing cone. At the same time, it rotates around its own central axis; the power end of the device is located on the horizontal and vertical rails fixed by the tower wall around the receiving cone, and is limited by the radial pulley and the axial pulley, which is not easy to smash. Sticky materials, low cost and low power consumption.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，包括设置有下料口的高塔造粒锥斗和刮料机本体，该刮料机本体安装在所述高塔造粒锥斗上表面上，其创新点在于：所述高塔造粒锥斗周边设置有外圆周轨道；所述刮料机本体包括公转装置、自转装置、刮料臂和旋转平台，所述公转装置安装在该外圆周轨道上，所述自转装置安装在旋转平台上，所述刮料臂为刮料机去除外圆筒后的部分；所述公转装置和自转装置通过刮料臂连接。本发明安装方便，可把已安装悬臂式刮料机、V形收料斗及盘式刮料机的装置改造成旋转无轴螺旋刮料机装置，解决了现有技术存在生产成本高，塔底收料装置造价高，动力消耗高，清理塔底劳动强度大和影响产率的技术问题。

Description

一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机 技术领域
本发明涉及尿素高塔造粒装置及复混肥高塔造粒装置的塔下收料技术领域，尤其涉及一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机。
背景技术
在目前的高塔熔体造粒装置中，造粒塔底部的收料方式有悬臂式刮料机、V形收料斗、W形收料斗和盘式刮料机，这几种收料方式在高塔熔体造粒装置中的实际运行情况分析如下。
悬臂式刮料机
悬臂式刮料机是安装在造粒塔底部带有15°～18°的锥形混凝土斗上，传动装置安装在锥斗锥底下方土建预埋的螺栓上，由传动装置带动锥斗上面的悬臂转动，悬臂上分布的若干具有角度的刮板随悬臂转动并将肥料由塔周逐步刮向塔中心下料处；
由于悬臂由锥斗中心支点固定并带动悬臂转动，其它处无支点，而悬臂的强度又不可能做得过大，悬臂的强度做得过大就会使运转负荷过大，电耗增加；该装置运转一段时间后，由于塔底物料的湿黏性及结块，造成悬臂阻力增大，引起悬臂上翘，使得悬臂与锥斗的上表面之间的距离越来越大，锥斗上的料层越积越厚，引起料层的吸潮化水，造成环境污染和肥料流失。刮料机的悬臂会黏料，且越黏越多，累积至一定程度便会自动脱落，脱落的大块很容易堵塞下料口，此时必须停车处理。悬臂式刮料机造价高，动力消耗大。
V形收料斗缺点
V形收料斗的安装高度偏高，以Φ18000mm造粒塔塔径为例，V形收料斗的最大标高在造粒塔筒体的15000mm处，使得塔的有效高度降低。若造粒机转速控制不当，V形收料斗的积料会越来越多，一般运行2个月即需停车清理，否则会压塌V形收料斗，且清理难度大、不安全。
W形收料斗
W形收料斗是在V形收料斗的基础上演变而来，即用钢构制成几个长条的V形收料斗，剖面呈W形，每个V形收料斗下设1条成品收料皮带；W形收料斗的 斗数随着造粒塔直径的增大而增加，一般为2～6斗；与V形收料斗相比，W形收料斗的高度降低约9000mm，节省了基建投资；W形收料斗的积料、黏料是较为普遍的问题，众多企业和设计单位虽然采取了多种应对方式，但至今仍未彻底解决，清理下来的疤块还是需要再次破碎后返回系统消化处理；W形收料斗下部的成品出料皮带有物料撒落，撒落在地面上的肥料每班都需及时清理，特别是在夏季，如果清理不及时就会吸潮溶化，造成肥料的损失和环境污染；皮带机运转时磨损下来的黑色橡胶会影响肥料的外观，夏季尤为严重。
盘式刮料机
发明专利CN201310349852.7公开了一种复合肥造粒高塔底部收料圆盘内刮料机，该发明是在高塔塔底安装一种转动的带中心下料孔的平收料圆盘，在收料圆盘上安装2-3台转动的螺旋输送机，螺旋输送机的传动端固定安装在塔壁处，螺旋输送机的另一端固定安装在圆盘的中心孔处，螺旋输送机不随收料圆盘转动，当收料圆盘上的物料转动到螺旋输送机处，靠螺旋输送机的旋转，把经过螺旋输送机处的圆盘上的物料刮向圆盘中心，完成塔底收料的过程；该发明解决了高塔生产中劳动强度大和影响产率的技术问题；该发明的不足之处在于，收料为平圆盘收料，造成螺旋输送机负荷大，碎粒多；转动塔底的平收料圆盘，需要的动力大，造价高；塔底需做较多基础及安装较多拖轮，以支撑较大的转动的圆盘，机构复杂，塔底空间占用多，造成塔底处检修及清理不方便。
如中国专利CN203238188U公开了一种复合肥造粒高塔底部收料圆盘外刮料机，包括安装在高塔底部中心处的带支座的固定底座；固定底座上设有中部带套孔的收料圆盘；收料圆盘通过中部的套孔套接在支座上；收料圆盘通过其底部的旋转滑盘与固定底座转动连接；固定底座的一侧设有与电机连接的减速机；减速机通过齿轮与收料圆盘底面的同心齿圈啮合；同心齿圈的下面设有带支撑座的齿圈支撑滑轮；收料圆盘的外边缘下面设有转盘支撑滑轮；收料圆盘上设有螺旋输送机；螺旋输送机的一端通过轴承座与支座固定连接，另一端穿过高塔壁上的出料口与摆线针轮减速机和出料管连接。不足之处为收料为平圆盘收料，造成螺旋输送机负荷大，转动塔底的平收料圆盘，需要的动力大，机构比较复杂。
如中国专利CN204469663U公开了一种高塔复合肥塔底转臂式刮料机，其特征在于，包括设置在高塔底部的收料面和转臂式刮料机构，收料面上方为转臂式 刮料机构，转臂式刮料机构的下方设置有锥形收料斗，收料面中心连接有下料管，下料管的外部套有大齿轮，大齿轮的一侧有与之啮合的小齿轮，小齿轮与动力机构连接；大齿轮与转臂式刮料机构连接。该装置存在只有锥斗中心支点固定，其它处无支点，而悬臂的强度又不可能做得过大；因此该装置运转一段时间后，会引起悬臂上翘，使得悬臂与锥斗的上表面之间的距离越来越大，锥斗上的料层越积越厚，引起料层的吸潮化水，造成环境污染和肥料流失；转臂式刮料机的转臂会黏料，且越黏越多，隔不长时间需停车处理；该装置造价高，动力消耗大。
以上几种收料方式在强化单方面功能的同时，导致了其它功能的削弱，且普遍存在投资高、动力消耗高的问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种可防止高塔塔底锥斗积料，同时及时清理塔内下落物料，其自身又不会黏结料的装置，即高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机。
本发明采用的技术方案为：一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，包括设置有下料口的高塔造粒锥斗和刮料机本体，该刮料机本体安装在所述高塔造粒锥斗上表面上，其创新点在于：所述高塔造粒锥斗周边设置有外圆周轨道；所述刮料机本体包括公转装置、自转装置、刮料臂和旋转平台，所述公转装置安装在该外圆周轨道上，所述自转装置安装在旋转平台上；所述公转装置和自转装置通过刮料臂连接。
在此基础上，所述旋转平台与空心轴的上部通过键连接，空心轴的下部通过内设有空心轴的轴承箱及内设有空心轴的轴承箱内的轴承，空心轴与轴承采用过盈配合连接；内设有空心轴的轴承箱与塔底收料锥斗及塔底收料锥斗的下料口固定连接。
在此基础上，所述旋转支座上方还设置有保护罩，该保护罩为锥形状，且锥形状底部固定在旋转支座上。
在此基础上，所述刮料臂为无轴螺旋刮料臂，无轴螺旋刮料臂为无轴螺旋刮料机去除外圆筒壳后的部分。
在此基础上，所述外圆周轨道包括水平圆周轨道和竖直圆周轨道；所述水平 圆周轨道与竖直圆周轨道均固定于高塔造粒锥斗周边的塔体上，且相交设置。
在此基础上，所述公转装置包括公转动力装置、小车和滑轮，所述小车安装在外圆周轨道上，所述公转动力装置与小车连接，并带动小车转动；所述小车底部安装滑轮，该滑轮与外圆周轨道配合运行。
在此基础上，所述滑轮包括轴向滑轮和径向滑轮，所述径向滑轮安装在所述小车的底部，该径向滑轮在水平圆周轨道上滚动前进；所述轴向滑轮安装在所述小车的侧部，该轴向滑轮在竖直圆周轨道上滚动，实现刮料机在外圆周轨道上旋转。
在此基础上，所述公转动力装置包括公转电机、公转减速机、公转主动传动轮、公转从动传动轮和刮料从动端轴承及轴承座；所述公转电机、公转减速机、刮料从动端轴承及轴承座均安装在小车上，所述公转主动传动轮通过公转电机及公转减速机传递动力，公转从动传动轮安装在公转从动轴上。
在此基础上，所述自转装置包括自转电机、自转减速机、自转主动传动轮、自转从动传动轮和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座；所述自转电机、自转减速机和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座安装在旋转平台上，且刮料动力端轴承及轴承座与自转从动传动轮通过空心轴连接，空心轴连接刮料臂，其中，刮料臂优选为带有无轴螺旋叶片的无轴螺旋刮料臂，自转电机和自转减速机带动自转主动传动轮旋转，从而带动自转从动传动轮旋转，自转从动传动轮带着空心轴及无轴螺旋刮料臂旋转；自转从动传动轮安装在自转从动轴上。
在此基础上，所述刮料臂分别通过刮料动力端轴承及轴承座和刮料从动端轴承及轴承座连接公转装置和自转装置。
在此基础上，根据高塔造粒装置的产量，选用无轴螺旋刮料臂的螺旋直径，无轴螺旋刮料臂的螺旋直径可以在250毫米至800毫米之间。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)本发明的刮料机，可把在高塔造粒装置塔底已安装悬臂式刮料机、V形收料斗及盘式刮料机的装置改造成固臂柔臂刮料机；由于该装置运动部件少，使得该装置运转时的动力消耗低。
(2)本发明的刮料机，由于刮料机采用无轴螺旋刮料臂，物料不易堵塞，排料口不堵塞，因而可以较低速度平稳传动，降低能耗；由于采用无轴螺旋刮料 臂，还可以紧贴塔底收料锥斗的上表面，使塔底收料锥斗的上表面不易积料，不易发生物料化水现象，提高了所生产产品的质量。
(3)本发明的刮料机，其刮料臂采用无轴螺旋刮料臂，可使刮料机不易蘸料积料，同时起到对电缆保护套管的支撑及清理作用，总体上解决了现有技术存在生产成本高，塔底收料装置造价高，清理塔底劳动强度大和影响产率的技术问题。
(4)本发明的刮料机，旋转支座之上安装有保护罩，起到对旋转平台及其之上设备的保护作用。
附图说明
图1是本发明高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机公转装置结构示意图；
图3是本发明高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机自转装置结构示意图；
图4是本发明无轴螺旋刮料臂结构示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
本发明的第一实施例披露了一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，首先将塔壁锥形挡料板22安装在塔壁上，把靠近塔壁的落料挡住，保护其下部的构件不受塔内部落料的影响。具体的，刮料机包括设置有下料口20的高塔造粒锥斗和刮料机本体，该刮料机本体安装在高塔造粒锥斗上表面上，高塔造粒锥斗周边设置有外圆周轨道6；外圆周轨道6包括水平圆周轨道和竖直圆周轨道；水平圆周轨道与竖直圆周轨道均固定于高塔造粒锥斗周边的塔体上，且相交设置。刮料机本体包括公转装置、自转装置、刮料臂10和旋转平台18，公转装置安装在该外圆周轨道6上，自转装置安装在旋转平台18上；公转装置和自转装置通过刮料臂10连接。本实施例中，刮料臂选用无轴螺旋刮料臂，更具体为无轴螺旋叶片。
公转装置主要实现刮料机本体公转，使得刮料臂在高塔造粒锥斗的上表面上绕锥斗中心轴线进行旋转，从而把高塔造粒锥斗上表面上的物料刮到锥斗的中心 下料口处。如图1或2所示：公转装置包括公转动力装置、小车5和滑轮，小车5安装在外圆周轨道6上，公转动力装置与小车5连接，并带动小车5转动；小车5底部安装滑轮，该滑轮与外圆周轨道6配合运行；滑轮包括轴向滑轮1和径向滑轮4，径向滑轮4安装在小车5的底部，该径向滑轮4在水平圆周轨道上滚动前进；轴向滑轮1安装在小车5的侧部，该轴向滑轮1在竖直圆周轨道上滚动，实现刮料机在外圆周轨道上旋转。
作为优选的，公转动力装置包括公转电机8、公转减速机7、公转主动传动轮2、公转从动传动轮3和刮料从动端轴承及轴承座9；公转电机8、公转减速机7、刮料从动端轴承及轴承座9均安装在小车5上，公转主动传动轮2通过公转电机8及公转减速机传递动力，公转从动传动轮3安装在公转从动轴上。公转动力装置中的动力传递过程为：动力由公转电机8经公转减速机7减速带动公转主动传动轮2旋转，公转主动传动轮2把动力传递给公转从动传动轮3，公转从动传动轮3带动径向滑轮4转动，从而带动小车5绕着塔底收料锥斗周边的包括水平及竖直的外圆周轨道6转动，轴向滑轮1运动在塔底收料锥斗周边外圆周轨道6的竖直圆周轨道上，径向滑轮4在水平圆周轨道上滚动前进。另外，刮料机的刮料从动端轴承及轴承座9安装在小车5上，故随小车5绕着塔底收料锥斗中心线公转。
如图1所示：自转装置带动刮料机刮料臂把物料刮至锥斗的中心下料口。自转装置包括自转电机17、自转减速机16、自转主动传动轮14、自转从动传动轮13和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座15；自转电机17、自转减速机16和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座15安装在旋转平台18上，且刮料动力端轴承及轴承座15与自转从动传动轮通过空心轴21连接，空心轴21连接无轴螺旋叶片，自转电机17和自转减速机16带动自转主动传动轮旋转，从而带动自转从动传动轮旋转，自转从动传动轮带着空心轴21及无轴螺旋叶片旋转；自转从动传动轮13安装在自转从动轴上。
自转装置中的动力传递过程为：动力由自转电机17带动自转减速机16旋转，自转减速机16带动自转主动传动轮14旋转，自转主动传动轮14带动自转从动传动轮13旋转，从而带动刮料臂10旋转，把物料刮至下料口20内。
作为优选的，旋转平台18与空心轴21的上部通过键连接，空心轴21的下 部通过内设有空心轴21的轴承箱19及内设有空心轴21的轴承箱19内的轴承，空心轴21与轴承采用过盈配合连接，内设有空心轴21的轴承箱19与塔底收料锥斗及塔底收料锥斗的下料口20固定连接，该空心轴21内安装有电缆保护套管11，刮料机用于公转及牵引自身自转的电缆线均经塔底收料锥斗中心线处的空心轴21中的电缆保护套管11穿过；并通过电缆旋转接头连接在塔底收料锥斗的上表面上，刮料机的电缆保护套管11的两端分别在小车5上及锥斗中心的旋转支座18上固定。作为优选的，如图1所示：旋转支座18上方还设置有保护罩12，该保护罩为锥形状，且锥形状底部固定在旋转支座18上，起到对旋转支座18及其之上设备的保护作用。
作为优选的，如图1、4所示：刮料臂10最好为无轴螺旋刮料臂。采用无轴螺旋刮料臂可使刮料机不易蘸料积料，同时起到对电缆保护套管的支撑及清理作用。在本实施例中，需选择合适的无轴螺旋刮料臂的螺旋直径，根据高塔造粒装置的产量，无轴螺旋刮料臂的螺旋直径可以在250毫米至800毫米之间，既可以保证刮料臂旋转自如，还可以减少制造成本，使得性价比最大化。
本实施例是通过安装在塔底收料锥斗上表面上的旋转无轴螺旋式刮料机进行收料的，该刮料机绕着高塔造粒收料锥斗的中心轴线进行公转的同时，绕着自身的中心轴线进行自转；该装置公转的动力端位于收料锥斗周边的通过塔壁固定的水平及竖直轨道上，并由径向滑轮及轴向滑轮限位，不易蘸黏物料，造价低，动力消耗低。
上述说明示出并描述了本发明的优选实施例，如前所述，应当理解本发明并非局限于本文所披露的形式，不应看作是对其他实施例的排除，而可用于各种其他组合、修改和环境，并能够在本文所述发明构想范围内，通过上述教导或相关领域的技术或知识进行改动。而本领域人员所进行的改动和变化不脱离本发明的精神和范围，则都应在本发明所附权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，包括设置有下料口(20)的高塔造粒锥斗和刮料机本体，该刮料机本体安装在所述高塔造粒锥斗上表面上，其特征在于：所述高塔造粒锥斗周边设置有外圆周轨道(6)；所述刮料机本体包括公转装置、自转装置、刮料臂(10)和旋转平台(18)，所述公转装置安装在该外圆周轨道(6)上，所述自转装置安装在旋转平台(18)上；所述公转装置和自转装置通过刮料臂(10)连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述旋转平台(18)下方还安装有内设有空心轴(21)的轴承箱(19)，旋转平台(18)与空心轴(21)的上部通过键连接，空心轴的下部通过内设有空心轴的轴承箱及内设有空心轴的轴承箱内的轴承，空心轴(21)与轴承采用过盈配合连接，内设有空心轴(21)的轴承箱(19)与塔底收料锥斗及塔底收料锥斗的下料口(20)固定连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述旋转平台(18)上方还设置有保护罩(11)，该保护罩(11)为锥形状，且锥形状底部固定在旋转平台(18)上。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述外圆周轨道(6)包括水平圆周轨道和竖直圆周轨道；所述水平圆周轨道与竖直圆周轨道均固定于高塔造粒锥斗周边的塔体上，且相交设置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述公转装置包括公转动力装置、小车(5)和滑轮，所述小车(5)安装在外圆周轨道(6)上，所述公转动力装置与小车(5)连接，并带动小车(5)转动；所述小车(5)底部及侧部安装滑轮，该滑轮与外圆周轨道(6)配合运行。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述滑轮包括轴向滑轮(4)和径向滑轮(1)，所述径向滑轮(1)安装在所述小车(5)的底部，该径向滑轮(1)在水平圆周轨道上滚动前进；所述轴向滑轮(4)安装在所述小车(5)的侧部，该轴向滑轮(4)在竖直圆周轨道上滚动，实现刮料机在外圆周轨道(6)上旋转。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述公转动力装置包括公转电机(8)、公转减速机(7)、公转主动传动轮(2)、公转从动传 动轮(3)和刮料从动端轴承及轴承座(9)；所述公转电机(8)、公转减速机(7)、刮料从动端轴承及轴承座(9)均安装在小车(5)上，所述公转主动传动轮(2)通过公转电机(8)及公转减速机(7)传递动力，公转从动传动轮(3)安装在公转从动轴上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述自转装置包括自转电机(17)、自转减速机(16)、自转主动传动轮(14)、自转从动传动轮(13)和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座(15)；所述自转电机(17)、自转减速机(16)和刮料动力端轴承及轴承座(15)安装在旋转平台(18)上，且刮料动力端轴承及轴承座(15)与自转从动传动轮(13)通过空心轴(21)连接，空心轴(21)连接刮料臂(10)，自转电机(17)和自转减速机(16)带动自转主动传动轮(14)旋转，从而带动自转从动传动轮(13)旋转，自转从动传动轮(13)带着空心轴(21)及刮料臂(10)旋转；自转从动传动轮(13)安装在自转从动轴上。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述刮料臂(10)分别通过刮料动力端轴承及轴承座(15)和刮料从动端轴承及轴承座(9)连接公转装置和自转装置。
  10. 根据权利要求1或8所述的高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机，其特征在于：所述刮料臂(10)为无轴螺旋刮料臂，无轴螺旋刮料臂为无轴螺旋刮料机去除外圆筒壳后的部分。
PCT/CN2016/074808 2015-12-22 2016-02-29 一种高塔造粒装置塔底刮料机 WO2017107305A1 (zh)

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