WO2017098990A1 - Dispositif de séparation de membrane - Google Patents

Dispositif de séparation de membrane Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017098990A1
WO2017098990A1 PCT/JP2016/085763 JP2016085763W WO2017098990A1 WO 2017098990 A1 WO2017098990 A1 WO 2017098990A1 JP 2016085763 W JP2016085763 W JP 2016085763W WO 2017098990 A1 WO2017098990 A1 WO 2017098990A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
side space
gas supply
membrane
water
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PCT/JP2016/085763
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
誠人 尾田
水谷　洋
寿生 萩本
Original Assignee
三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社 filed Critical 三菱重工環境・化学エンジニアリング株式会社
Priority to CN201680068717.7A priority Critical patent/CN108290118A/zh
Priority to KR1020187014331A priority patent/KR20180072780A/ko
Publication of WO2017098990A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017098990A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B01D65/06—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration with special washing compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/08—Prevention of membrane fouling or of concentration polarisation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
    • B01D2313/26—Specific gas distributors or gas intakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases
    • B01D2321/185—Aeration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
    • B01D2325/36—Hydrophilic membranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a membrane separation apparatus for treating organic wastewater such as human waste.
  • This application claims priority on December 11, 2015 based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2015-242328 for which it applied to Japan, and uses the content here.
  • the membrane separation device includes a casing, a filtration membrane that divides the casing into a concentrated side space to which raw water (treated water) is supplied, and a permeate side space in which permeated water separated from the raw water is accommodated.
  • MF microfiltration
  • UF ultrafiltration
  • a membrane separation apparatus generally uses a method of filtering while circulating raw water in the concentration side space (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The permeated water that has passed through the filtration membrane is sucked by a suction pump and stored in, for example, a storage tank and used as appropriate.
  • Organic wastewater such as human waste has a high sludge concentration (10,000 mg / liter to 15,000 mg / liter), so that foreign matters such as sludge adhere to or accumulate on the surface and pores of the filtration membrane. To do. As a result, FLUX (outflow amount) decreases, and chemical cleaning is performed as necessary. In order to suppress the deterioration of the filtration membrane, the chemical cleaning is generally performed while keeping the filtration membrane in an immersed state.
  • the present invention provides a membrane separation apparatus that can more reliably clean foreign substances deposited on a filtration membrane.
  • the membrane separation device has a casing, a single-layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized, and the casing is provided with a concentrated side space to which treated water is supplied and the cover.
  • the foreign material adhering to the surface of the filtration membrane can be cleaned by the gas flow.
  • the filtration membrane has a single layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized, the filtration membrane does not deteriorate even when the filtration membrane is in a non-immersed state. Therefore, the filtration membrane can be dried to facilitate separation of the separation target substance.
  • the membrane separation device may include a gas suction device that sucks the gas from the permeate side space.
  • the membrane separation apparatus may include a control device that controls the first gas supply device to vary the pressure in the concentration side space.
  • the filtration membrane vibrates by changing the pressure of the gas supplied to the concentration side space. Thereby, the peelability of the foreign material from the filtration membrane can be improved.
  • the membrane separation device may include a second gas supply device that supplies the gas to the permeate side space.
  • the foreign matter deposited on the filtration membrane from the concentration side space side is also blown away by the gas supplied from the permeation side space side of the filtration membrane.
  • the time required for cleaning can be shortened.
  • the membrane separation apparatus may include a control device that controls at least one of the first gas supply device and the second gas supply device to vary the pressure of at least one of the concentration side space and the permeation side space.
  • control device may control at least one of the first gas supply device and the second gas supply device based on a pressure difference between the concentration side space and the permeation side space.
  • the membrane separation device may include a spray device that adjusts the humidity of the gas supplied from the first gas supply device.
  • the humidity of the gas supplied to the concentration side space can be adjusted.
  • the foreign material adhering to a filtration membrane can be easily peeled off, and it can prevent that a filtration membrane dries excessively.
  • control device may control the spraying device based on humidity in the concentration side space.
  • the drying state of the filtration membrane can be appropriately maintained by controlling the spraying device based on the humidity of the gas in the concentration side space.
  • the membrane separation device may include a chemical spraying device for spraying chemicals to the gas supplied from the first gas supply device.
  • the cleaning effect can be further improved by using chemicals.
  • medical agent can be reduced by supplying a chemical
  • the filtration membrane has a single layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized, the filtration membrane does not deteriorate even when the filtration membrane is in a non-immersed state. Therefore, the filtration membrane can be dried to facilitate separation of the separation target substance.
  • the water treatment system 10 of the present embodiment accommodates water to be treated W1 (first treated water, ie, organic wastewater containing human waste and septic tank sludge) supplied via a pipe 16.
  • first treated water ie, organic wastewater containing human waste and septic tank sludge
  • a biologically treated water tank for treating organic substances contained in the water to be treated W1 may be provided on the upstream side of the raw water tank 15.
  • the biological treatment water tank is a device that decomposes and removes BOD, nitrogen compounds, etc. in the liquid by the action of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria, for example.
  • the membrane separation device 1 includes a plurality of membrane modules 2 and a cleaning device 5 that cleans the membrane modules 2.
  • the plurality of membrane modules 2 are arranged in parallel.
  • the membrane module 2 includes a casing 3 and a plurality of tubular filtration membranes 4 disposed inside the casing 3.
  • the membrane separation device 1 is a device that takes out the permeated water PW from the water to be treated W2 by using a method of filtering the water to be treated W2 while circulating it inside the filtration membrane 4.
  • the filtration membrane 4 partitions the casing 3 into a concentrated side space S to which the treated water W2 is supplied and a permeated side space P in which the permeated water PW separated from the treated water W2 is accommodated.
  • the cleaning device 5 controls the operation of the first gas supply device 11 that supplies a cleaning gas to each membrane module 2, the gas discharge unit 14 that discharges the gas, and the cleaning device 5. And a cleaning control device 6.
  • the first gas supply device 11 is a device that supplies gas to the concentration side space S of the membrane module 2.
  • the gas discharge unit 14 has a function of discharging gas from the concentration side space S.
  • the gas discharge unit 14 has a gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • the cleaning control device 6 controls the first gas supply device 11 based on the foreign matter detection unit 41 provided in the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A of the gas discharge unit 14 and a signal transmitted from the foreign matter detection unit 41. And have.
  • the raw water tank 15 and the membrane separation device 1 are connected via a raw water supply pipe 17.
  • a circulation pump 21 is provided in the raw water supply pipe 17.
  • the treated water W2 stored in the raw water tank 15 is supplied to the membrane separation device 1 while being pressurized by the circulation pump 21.
  • the raw water supply pipe 17 is provided with a raw water supply valve 27 that can stop the flow of the water to be treated W2 flowing through the raw water supply pipe 17.
  • the permeated water PW separated from the membrane separation device 1 is introduced into the permeated water pipe 18.
  • the permeated water pipe 18 is connected to the storage tank 20. That is, the permeate outlet 39 (see FIG. 2) of the membrane module 2 is connected to the permeate pipe 18.
  • a suction pump 22 is provided in the permeate water pipe 18.
  • the concentrated water W3 separated from the permeated water PW and discharged from the membrane separation device 1 is introduced into the raw water tank 15 through the circulation pipe 19. That is, the concentrated water discharge port 38 (see FIG. 2) of the membrane module 2 is connected to the circulation pipe 19 and the concentrated water W3 circulates through the pipe of the water treatment system 10.
  • the plurality of membrane modules 2 are arranged in parallel. Specifically, the raw water supply pipe 17, the permeate water pipe 18, and the circulation pipe 19 are connected to each membrane module 2.
  • the membrane module 2 includes a cylindrical casing 3 and a plurality of filtration membranes 4.
  • the casing 3 includes a cylindrical casing main body 3A, a first side wall 35 that closes the lower end of the casing main body 3A, a second side wall 36 that closes the upper end of the casing main body 3A, and an object to be processed formed on the casing main body 3A. It has a water inlet 37, a concentrated water outlet 38 formed in the casing body 3A, and a permeate outlet 39 formed in the casing body 3A.
  • the casing 3 includes a gas supply pipe 13 that introduces gas into the casing 3 and a gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A that discharges gas from the inside of the casing 3.
  • the membrane module 2 includes a first partition wall 30 and a second partition wall 31 that divide the inside of the casing 3 into three spaces.
  • a plurality of insertion holes 32 are formed in the first partition wall 30 and the second partition wall 31.
  • the insertion hole 32 is a hole that penetrates the first partition wall 30 and the second partition wall 31 in the plate thickness direction.
  • the inner diameter of the insertion hole 32 is the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the filtration membrane 4.
  • the first partition wall 30 is a plate-shaped member, and is fixed to the lower part inside the casing 3 (on the first side wall 35 side).
  • a space surrounded by the casing main body 3A, the first partition wall 30, and the first side wall 35 is a first header space S1.
  • the second partition wall 31 is a plate-shaped member, and is fixed above the inside of the casing 3 (on the second side wall 36 side).
  • a space surrounded by the casing body 3A, the second partition wall 31, and the second side wall 36 is a second header space S2.
  • a space surrounded by the casing main body 3A, the first partition wall 30 and the second partition wall 31 and on the outer peripheral side of the filtration membrane 4 is a permeation side space P.
  • the permeated water PW taken out from the plurality of filtration membranes 4 is discharged to the permeate side space P, and then introduced into the permeate water pipe 18 (see FIG. 1) via the permeate discharge port 39.
  • the treated water inlet 37 is an opening that allows the outside of the casing 3 to communicate with the first header space S1.
  • the treated water inlet 37 is formed in the casing body 3A.
  • the treated water introduction port 37 is provided between the first partition wall 30 and the first side wall 35 in the axial direction along the axis A of the casing 3.
  • the concentrated water discharge port 38 is an opening that allows communication between the outside of the casing 3 and the second header space S2.
  • the concentrated water discharge port 38 is formed in the casing body 3A.
  • the concentrated water discharge port 38 is provided between the second partition wall 31 and the second side wall 36 in the axial direction of the casing 3.
  • the permeated water discharge port 39 is an opening that allows communication between the outside of the casing 3 and the permeate side space P.
  • the permeated water discharge port 39 is formed in the casing body 3A.
  • the permeated water discharge port 39 is provided between the first partition wall 30 and the second partition wall 31 in the axial direction of the casing 3.
  • the concentration side space S is a space into which the water to be treated W is introduced, and includes a first header space S1, a filtration membrane inner space S3 that is a space on the inner peripheral side of the filtration membrane 4, and a second header space S2. It is.
  • the permeate side space P is a space in which the permeated water PW separated from the treated water W is accommodated.
  • each filtration membrane 4 is inserted into the insertion hole 32 of the first partition wall 30 and then fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 32.
  • a space between the inner peripheral surface of the insertion hole 32 and the outer peripheral surface of the filtration membrane 4 is sealed with a sealing material (not shown).
  • a sealing material a material that has an initial viscosity and hardens with time, such as an epoxy resin or a urethane resin, is preferable.
  • the second end of each filtration membrane 4 is fixed to the insertion hole 32 of the second partition wall 31 in the same manner as the first end of the filtration membrane 4.
  • the gas supply pipe 13 is connected to the first side wall 35 of the casing 3.
  • the gas supply pipe 13 is a pipe that connects the gas supply unit 12 of the first gas supply device 11 and the first header space S1.
  • the gas supply pipe 13 does not need to be provided on the first side wall 35 as long as the gas supply unit 12 and the first header space S1 can be connected.
  • the gas supply pipe 13 may be connected to the raw water supply pipe 17 or the treated water introduction port 37, and the gas may be supplied from the treated water introduction port 37.
  • the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the second side wall 36 of the casing 3.
  • the gas discharge pipe 14A is a pipe that communicates the outside of the casing 3 and the second header space S2.
  • the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A does not need to be provided on the second side wall 36 as long as the outside of the casing 3 and the second header space S ⁇ b> 2 can be communicated with each other. Further, the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A may be connected to the circulation pipe 19 or the concentrated water discharge port 38, and the gas may be discharged from the concentrated water discharge port 38.
  • the first gas supply device 11 is a gas supply unit 12 (fan, blower) and a gas that supplies energy supplied by the gas supply unit 12 to the concentration side space S of the membrane module 2.
  • a supply pipe 13 and a gas supply valve 24 provided in the gas supply pipe 13 are provided.
  • a blower can be adopted as the gas supply unit 12.
  • the blower is a machine that has an impeller and an electric motor that rotationally drives the impeller, and gives energy to gas by the rotational movement of the impeller.
  • the gas supply unit 12 is not limited to a blower, and may be a compressor (compressor) or a cylinder.
  • the gas supplied by the gas supply unit 12 is a gas that does not affect the filtration membrane 4. Details of the filtration membrane 4 will be described later.
  • the gas supplied by the gas supply part 12 is inert gas, such as air and nitrogen gas, for example. When supplying nitrogen gas, nitrogen can be separated from air using a PSA (Pressure Swing Adsorption) apparatus.
  • PSA Pressure Swing Adsorption
  • the gas discharge unit 14 includes a gas discharge pipe 14A and a gas discharge valve 25 provided in the gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • the gas discharge part 14 does not need to have the shape of a pipe as long as it has a function of discharging gas from the concentration side space S.
  • an openable / closable lid may be provided on the wall of the casing 3.
  • the foreign matter detector 41 of the cleaning control device 6 is a sensor that detects whether or not foreign matter is contained in the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • an infrared sensor can be employed as the foreign object detection unit 41.
  • the foreign matter detection unit 41 detects the number or concentration of foreign matter per unit time, and transmits a signal to the control device 7 when the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14A does not contain a predetermined amount of foreign matter. And the control apparatus 7 is set so that the 1st gas supply apparatus 11 may be stopped, if the signal transmitted from the foreign material detection part 41 is received.
  • the foreign matter detection unit 41 detects the number or concentration of the foreign matter and continuously transmits the detection result as a signal to the control device 7 every unit time, and the control device 7 that has received the detection results in the predetermined amount. It is good also as a structure which determines whether it became the state which does not contain this foreign material, and stops the 1st gas supply apparatus 11 based on the determination result.
  • the foreign object detection unit 41 may detect a foreign object using not only an infrared sensor but also a laser sensor, an acoustic sensor, a vibration sensor, or the like.
  • the control device 7 is set to stop the gas G supplied to the concentration side space S at the stage where the foreign matter is no longer contained in the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14A. Specifically, the control device 7 stops the gas supply unit 12, closes the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25, and stops the supply of the gas G to the concentration side space S. In addition, the control device 7 of the cleaning control device 6 that has received the cleaning start instruction signal from the instruction device 62 (for example, a switch) at the start of cleaning is set to supply the gas G to the concentration side space S. .
  • the control device 7 stops the circulation pump 21 and the suction pump 22, closes the raw water supply valve 27, opens a drain valve, which will be described later, and covers the filtration membrane inner space S3. After the non-immersed state where the treated water W2 does not exist, the drain valve is closed, the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25 are opened, the gas supply unit 12 is operated, and the gas G to the concentration side space S is opened. Start supplying.
  • the filtration membrane 4 has a cylindrical shape and is formed of a polymer filtration membrane having a single layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized on a single main constituent material. That is, the filtration membrane 4 is formed of a single material as a main material. That the main material is formed of one kind of material means that one kind of resin occupies 50 mass% or more in the material (for example, resin) forming the filtration membrane 4. The fact that the main material is formed of one kind of material means that the nature of the one kind of material dominates the nature of the constituent material. Specifically, it means a material in which one kind of resin has 50 mass% to 99 mass%.
  • Main materials constituting the filtration membrane 4 include polyolefin resins such as vinyl chloride resin, polysulfone (PS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyethylene (PE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyether sulfone.
  • polyolefin resins such as vinyl chloride resin, polysulfone (PS), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), and polyethylene (PE), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), and polyether sulfone.
  • High molecular weight materials such as poly (vinyl alcohol), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and polyimide (PI) can be used.
  • a vinyl chloride resin is particularly preferable.
  • vinyl chloride resins include vinyl chloride homopolymer (vinyl chloride homopolymer), a copolymer of a monomer having an unsaturated bond copolymerizable with vinyl chloride monomer and vinyl chloride monomer, and vinyl chloride monomer in the polymer.
  • vinyl chloride resins include graft copolymers obtained by graft copolymerization, and (co) polymers composed of chlorinated vinyl chloride monomer units.
  • hydrophilic monomers examples include: (1) A cationic group-containing vinyl monomer such as an amino group, an ammonium group, a pyridyl group, an imino group or a betaine structure and / or a salt thereof, (2) Hydrophilic nonionic group-containing vinyl monomers such as hydroxyl groups, amide groups, ester structures, ether structures, (3) Anionic group-containing vinyl monomer such as carboxyl group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid group and / or salt thereof, (4) Other monomers may be mentioned.
  • a cationic group-containing vinyl monomer such as an amino group, an ammonium group, a pyridyl group, an imino group or a betaine structure and / or a salt thereof
  • Hydrophilic nonionic group-containing vinyl monomers such as hydroxyl groups, amide groups, ester structures, ether structures
  • Anionic group-containing vinyl monomer such as carboxyl group, sulfonic acid group, phosphoric acid
  • the tube diameter of the filtration membrane 4 can be appropriately selected depending on the properties of the water to be treated W2. For example, when the amount of coarse fiber ⁇ is 200 mg / liter or less with respect to the water to be treated W2, the inner diameter of the filtration membrane 4 is 5 mm or less. When the coarse fiber amount ⁇ is larger than 200 mg / liter and smaller than 500 mg / liter, the inner diameter of the filtration membrane 4 is 5 mm-10 mm, and when the coarse fiber amount ⁇ is 500 mg / liter or more, the inner diameter of the filtration membrane 4 is 10 mm or more. It can be. By selecting the tube diameter, it is possible to suppress clogging of the filtration membrane 4 due to the coarse fibers.
  • the water to be treated W1 is stored in the raw water tank 15.
  • the treated water W discharged from the raw water tank 15 is fed into the membrane 4 of the membrane module 2 when supplied to the membrane separation device 1 via the circulation pump 21.
  • the permeation side space P in the casing 3 of the membrane module 2 becomes negative pressure by the operation of the suction pump 22.
  • the suction pump 22 sucks in a direction substantially orthogonal to the flow of the water to be treated W flowing through the filtration membrane 4 through the permeate discharge port 39.
  • the permeated water PW permeated from the filtration membrane 4 is stored in the storage tank 20 through the permeated water discharge port 39 and the permeated water pipe 18.
  • the concentrated water W3 discharged from the membrane separation device 1 is introduced into the raw water tank 15 except for excess sludge, and is processed again.
  • the foreign matter detection unit 41 detects the number or concentration of foreign matter, continuously transmits the detection result as an electrical signal to the control device 7 every unit time, and receives the control.
  • a case will be described as an example in which the apparatus 7 determines whether or not the predetermined amount of foreign matter is not included, and the first gas supply apparatus 11 is stopped based on the determination result.
  • the user operates the indicating device 62 to transmit a cleaning start instruction signal to the cleaning control device 6, so that the membrane separation device 1 ( The membrane module 2) can be cleaned.
  • the washing process of the membrane separation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment includes a raw water stopping process P1 for stopping the circulation of raw water, and a drying process for drying the filtration membrane 4 to bring the concentration side space S into a non-immersed state.
  • Step P2 the gas supply step P3 for operating the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the non-immersed concentrated side space S, and whether or not the discharged gas G contains foreign matter A foreign matter determination step P4 to be performed, and a gas stop step P5 to stop the supply of the gas G.
  • the control device 7 of the cleaning control device 6 stops the circulation pump 21 and the raw water supply valve 27. By making it a closed state, the to-be-processed water W2 is prevented from being supplied to the membrane separation apparatus 1.
  • the drying process P2 for example, when the control device 7 opens a drain valve (not shown) provided in the lower part of the casing 3, the water to be treated W2 remaining in the membrane module 2 is removed. That is, the non-immersed state where the water to be treated W2 does not exist in the filtration membrane inner space S3 is set.
  • the filtration membrane 4 is dried by leaving it for a certain period of time.
  • the control device 7 closes the drain valve. Since the filtration membrane 4 has a single layer structure in which hydrophilic monomers are copolymerized, the filtration membrane 4 maintains hydrophilicity. When the filtration membrane 4 is dried, a substance to be separated such as sludge is easily peeled off from the inner peripheral surface of the filtration membrane 4.
  • the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the first header space S1 of the membrane module 2, that is, the non-immersed concentrated space S. At this time, the control device 7 opens the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25. By supplying the gas G to the first header space S ⁇ b> 1, the gas G is introduced into the filtration membrane space S ⁇ b> 3 that is inside the filtration membrane 4. By introducing the gas G into the filtration membrane inner space S3, the separation target substance is blown away. The substance to be separated blown off is introduced into the second header space S2 and then discharged from the gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • the control device 7 of the cleaning control device 6 continuously receives the detection result from the foreign matter detector 41 as an electrical signal, and refers to this to the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14A by a predetermined amount. It is determined whether or not a foreign object is included. When the gas G contains a predetermined amount or more of foreign matter, the supply of the gas G is continued. When it is determined that the amount of foreign matter in the gas G is less than a predetermined amount or no foreign matter is included, the control device 7 switches the gas supply unit 12 of the first gas supply device 11 in the gas stop process P5. While stopping, the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25 are closed, the supply of the gas G to the concentration side space S is stopped, and a series of washing processes are completed.
  • the foreign matter adhering to the surface of the filtration membrane 4 can be cleaned by the flow of the gas G supplied from the first gas supply device 11. Moreover, even if the filtration membrane 4 is made into a non-immersion state by making the filtration membrane 4 into a single layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized, the filtration membrane 4 does not deteriorate. Therefore, the filtration membrane 4 can be dried and the separation target substance can be easily peeled off.
  • the membrane module 2 in which the filtration membranes 4 are arranged in parallel is adopted as the membrane module 2.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the drying process P2 and the gas supply process P3 may be performed simultaneously. That is, after the control device 7 opens the drain valve to make the filtration membrane space S3 non-immersed, the control device 7 closes the drain valve, and then the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to concentrate.
  • the filtration membrane 4 may be dried while the gas G is supplied to the side space S.
  • the gas discharge unit 14 may be provided with a gas suction device (blower) that sucks the gas G.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a membrane module 2B according to a modification of the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a plurality of filtration membranes 4 may be connected in series. That is, the first ends of the plurality of filtration membranes 4 and the second ends of the filtration membranes 4 are connected so that the plurality of filtration membranes 4 are connected in series. It is good also as a structure which has the connection member 43.
  • the plurality of filtration membranes 4 connected in series and the treated water introduction port 37 are directly connected by the tubular second connection member 44, and the plurality of filtration membranes 4 connected in series and the concentrated water are connected.
  • the discharge port 38 may be directly connected by a tubular third connection member 45.
  • the gas supply pipe 13 disposed on the first side wall 35 in FIG. 2 is connected to the treated water inlet 37 or the raw water supply pipe 17.
  • the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A disposed on the second side wall 36 in FIG. 2 is connected to the concentrated water discharge port 38 or the circulation pipe 19.
  • the filtration membrane of the membrane module 2 is not limited to a tubular shape.
  • the cleaning device 5 ⁇ / b> B of the membrane separation device 1 ⁇ / b> B of this embodiment includes a gas suction device 46 that sucks gas from the permeation side space P.
  • the gas suction device 46 includes a gas suction part 47 (fan), a gas suction pipe 48 for discharging the gas sucked by the gas suction part 47 to the outside of the casing 3, and a gas suction valve 49 provided in the gas suction pipe 48. And have.
  • the gas suction pipe 48 may be connected to the permeate water pipe 18 or the permeate water discharge port 39 to discharge gas from the permeate water discharge port.
  • the cleaning device 5B of the membrane separation device 1B of the present embodiment sucks the gas in the filtration membrane space S3 from the permeation side space P using the gas suction device 46.
  • the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the non-immersed concentrated side space S
  • the control device 7 opens the gas suction valve 49 and performs gas suction.
  • the part 47 is operated to suck the gas in the filtration membrane space S3 from the permeation side space P.
  • the flow rate of the supplied gas G is increased, and the flow of the gas G in the filtration membrane inner space S3 is made turbulent, so that the separation target substance such as sludge is made shorter from the inner peripheral surface of the filtration membrane 4.
  • the control device 7 stops the gas supply unit 12 and the gas suction unit 47 of the first gas supply device 11, and sets the gas supply valve 24, the gas discharge valve 25, and the gas suction valve 49. It closes and the supply of the gas G to the concentration side space S is stopped, and the suction of the gas in the filtration membrane space S3 is stopped.
  • the time required for the cleaning can be shortened by sucking the gas from the permeation side space P using the gas suction device 46.
  • the cleaning device 5C of the membrane separation device 1C of the present embodiment further includes a second gas supply device 23 that supplies gas to the permeation side space P.
  • the second gas supply device 23 is provided in a second gas supply unit 28 (fan, blower), a second gas supply pipe 29 that supplies gas to the permeation side space P of the membrane module 2, and a second gas supply pipe 29.
  • the second gas supply valve 33 is provided.
  • the cleaning device 5C of the membrane separation device 1C supplies gas to the concentration side space S using the first gas supply device 11 and permeates using the second gas supply device 23 in the gas supply process P3. Gas is supplied to the side space P. Specifically, when the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the non-immersed concentrated side space S, the control device 7 opens the second gas supply valve 33 and first The gas can be supplied also from the permeation side space P to the filtration membrane space S3 by operating the two gas supply unit 28.
  • the gas supplied by the second gas supply unit 28 is a gas that does not affect the filtration membrane 4 that is the same as or similar to the gas supplied by the gas supply unit 12.
  • the control device 7 stops the gas supply unit 12 and the second gas supply unit 28, closes the gas supply valve 24, the gas discharge valve 25, and the second gas supply valve 33, The supply of the gas G is stopped and the supply of the gas to the transmission side space P is stopped.
  • the foreign matter deposited on the inner peripheral surface of the filtration membrane 4 is also blown away by the gas supplied from the outer peripheral side of the filtration membrane 4.
  • the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 and the second gas supply device 23 at the same time.
  • the control device 7 may be operated alternately every predetermined time.
  • the gas can be supplied only from the second gas supply device 23.
  • the control apparatus 7 may operate only the 2nd gas supply apparatus 23, and may perform the reverse washing
  • the cleaning device 5 ⁇ / b> D of the membrane separation device 1 ⁇ / b> D of the present embodiment includes a spray device 51 for adjusting the humidity of the gas supplied from the first gas supply device 11.
  • the spray device 51 includes a water tank 52 in which a liquid such as water is stored, a water pipe 53 that introduces water stored in the water tank 52 into the gas supply pipe 13, and water stored in the water tank 52.
  • It has a water pump 54 that is a pump to be sucked up, and a spray 63 that is disposed at the outlet of the water pipe 53 (the outlet that opens to the gas supply pipe 13) and sprays water in a mist form. Further, as the liquid stored in the water tank 52, a part of the permeated water stored in the storage tank 20 may be used.
  • the cleaning device 5D of the membrane separation device 1D supplies gas to the concentration side space S using the first gas supply device 11, and uses the spray device 51 to supply mist to the gas.
  • Spray Specifically, when the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the non-immersed concentrated side space S, the control device 7 operates the spray 63 of the spray device 51. Water is ejected in the form of a mist. Thereby, the humidity of gas rises.
  • the amount of mist to be sprayed can be determined by experiments conducted in advance. For example, the amount of mist may be determined using the relationship between the ease of peeling of foreign matter and the humidity of gas.
  • control device 7 stops the gas supply unit 12 and stops the spraying by the spray 63, and closes the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25 to adjust the humidity. Stop supplying G.
  • the humidity of the gas G supplied to the concentration side space S can be adjusted. Thereby, the foreign material adhering to the filtration membrane 4 can be easily peeled off, and the filtration membrane 4 can be prevented from being excessively dried.
  • the membrane separation apparatus 1F of 5th embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on drawing.
  • the difference from the above-described third embodiment will be mainly described, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the cleaning device 5F of the present embodiment includes a differential pressure sensor 55 that measures a pressure difference between the concentration side space S and the permeation side space P.
  • the control device 7 of the present embodiment controls the first gas supply device 11 based on the pressure difference between the concentration side space S and the permeation side space P measured by the differential pressure sensor 55.
  • the differential pressure sensor 55 of the present embodiment measures the atmospheric pressure in the permeated water pipe 18 and the atmospheric pressure in the gas supply pipe 13 to calculate the atmospheric pressure difference between the concentrated side space S and the permeated side space P.
  • the place to be measured by the differential pressure sensor 55 is not limited to the inside of the permeated water pipe 18 and the gas supply pipe 13, but the pressure inside the casing 3 (see FIG. 2) may be directly measured.
  • the control device 7 of the present embodiment supplies gas to the concentration side space S when the pressure in the concentration side space S is lower than the pressure in the transmission side space P, and the pressure in the transmission side space P is When the pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the first gas supply device 11 and the second gas supply device 23 are controlled so as to supply the gas to the transmission side space P. Thereby, the foreign material adhering to the filtration membrane 4 becomes easy to peel off because the filtration membrane 4 vibrates.
  • the detachability of foreign matters can be improved.
  • the membrane separation apparatus 1G of 6th embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on drawing.
  • the differences from the above-described fourth embodiment will be mainly described, and the description of the same parts will be omitted.
  • the cleaning device 5G of the membrane separation apparatus 1G of the present embodiment has a humidity sensor 56 provided in the gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • the humidity sensor 56 has a function of measuring the humidity of the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14A. Since the humidity of the gas discharge pipe 14A is substantially equal to the humidity of the concentration side space S, the humidity of the concentration side space S can be grasped by measuring the humidity of the gas discharge pipe 14A.
  • the control device 7 of the present embodiment controls the spray device 51 based on the humidity of the gas G flowing through the gas discharge pipe 14 ⁇ / b> A measured by the humidity sensor 56.
  • the control device 7 may perform control to increase the amount of mist sprayed from the spray 63 of the spray device 51 when the humidity of the gas discharged from the casing 3 becomes lower than the first threshold value. it can.
  • the control apparatus 7 can perform control which reduces the quantity of the mist sprayed from the spray 63 of the spraying apparatus 51, when the humidity of the gas discharged
  • the humidity effective for the detachability of foreign matter and the dry state of the filtration membrane 4 can be kept properly.
  • the membrane separation apparatus 1G of the said embodiment was set as the structure which the humidity sensor 56 refers to the humidity of 14 A of gas exhaust pipes, it is not restricted to this.
  • the cleaning device 5H of the membrane separation device 1H of the present embodiment includes a chemical spraying device 57 that mixes chemical mist that is a mist-like chemical (medicine) into the gas supplied to the concentration side space S. ing.
  • the chemical spraying device 57 includes a chemical tank 58 for storing a liquid chemical, a chemical supply pipe 59 for supplying the chemical in the chemical tank 58 to the gas supply pipe 13, a chemical recovery pipe 61 for recovering the chemical together with the gas, and a chemical. And a spray 64 disposed at the outlet of the supply pipe 59 for spraying chemicals in a mist form.
  • the medicine supply pipe 59 is provided with a medicine pump 60 that is a pump for sucking up medicine stored in the medicine tank 58.
  • a device for spraying chemicals by a pressure difference such as an ejector, may be provided instead of the spray 64.
  • a pipe 59 is provided instead of the chemical pump 60.
  • a pipe 59 is provided. Is equipped with a flow meter and a flow control valve to adjust the amount of chemical spray.
  • medical agent is sprayed on gas using the chemical spraying apparatus 57.
  • FIG. Specifically, when the control device 7 operates the first gas supply device 11 to supply the gas G to the non-immersed concentrated side space S, the control device 7 operates the spray 64 of the chemical spray device 57.
  • the chemical is ejected in the form of a mist.
  • the control device 7 stops the gas supply unit 12 and stops the spraying by the spray 64, closes the gas supply valve 24 and the gas discharge valve 25, and contains the gas G containing chemicals. Stop supplying.
  • acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, oxalic acid, alkalis such as caustic soda, oxidizing agents such as sodium hypochlorite, enzyme detergents such as florisil and surfactants, and neutral detergents may be used. it can.
  • the cleaning effect can be further improved by using chemicals.
  • medical agent can be reduced by supplying a chemical
  • the valve shown in the first to sixth embodiments is preferably an electromagnetic valve that opens and closes in response to an electrical signal.
  • the control device 7 causes the first gas supply device 11 and the second gas supply device 23, or the control device 7 to periodically change the flow rate of the gas supplied from the first gas supply device 11.
  • the blower of the gas suction device 46 may be operated intermittently or periodically.
  • at least one blower among the blowers such as the first gas supply device 11, the second gas supply device 23, or the gas suction device may be operated intermittently or periodically.
  • the filtration membrane has a single layer structure in which a hydrophilic monomer is copolymerized, the filtration membrane does not deteriorate even when the filtration membrane is in a non-immersed state. Therefore, the filtration membrane can be dried to facilitate separation of the separation target substance.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de séparation de membrane (1) comprenant: un carter; une membrane de filtre qui présente une structure monocouche obtenue par copolymérisation de monomères hydrophiles, et qui divise le carter en un espace côté concentré (S) dans lequel l'eau devant être traitée (W2) est fournie et un espace côté perméation (P) dans lequel l'eau de perméation (PW) séparée de l'eau devant être traitée (W2) est logée; un premier dispositif d'alimentation en gaz (11) qui fournit un gaz à l'espace côté concentré (S) qui est dans un état non immergé; et une section de décharge de gaz (14) qui évacue le gaz de l'espace côté concentré (S).
PCT/JP2016/085763 2015-12-11 2016-12-01 Dispositif de séparation de membrane WO2017098990A1 (fr)

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JP2015242328A JP2017104832A (ja) 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 膜分離装置
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CN111148564A (zh) 2017-09-25 2020-05-12 富士胶片株式会社 过滤装置、过滤系统及过滤方法
JP2020040050A (ja) * 2018-09-13 2020-03-19 オルガノ株式会社 膜ろ過方法および膜ろ過装置
TWI723389B (zh) * 2019-05-03 2021-04-01 中原大學 淨水裝置及淨水設備
CN110559865B (zh) * 2019-08-14 2022-02-25 浙江理工大学 一种超滤膜污染或膜损伤的修复方法

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TWI655964B (zh) 2019-04-11

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