WO2017097183A1 - 除雾除尘叶片组 - Google Patents

除雾除尘叶片组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017097183A1
WO2017097183A1 PCT/CN2016/108698 CN2016108698W WO2017097183A1 WO 2017097183 A1 WO2017097183 A1 WO 2017097183A1 CN 2016108698 W CN2016108698 W CN 2016108698W WO 2017097183 A1 WO2017097183 A1 WO 2017097183A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
blades
center
defogging
dust removing
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PCT/CN2016/108698
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
聂江宁
凌斌
徐家礼
Original Assignee
江苏揽山环境科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 江苏揽山环境科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 江苏揽山环境科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP16872374.0A priority Critical patent/EP3388132B1/en
Priority to RU2018116894A priority patent/RU2698682C1/ru
Priority to US16/060,915 priority patent/US10807030B2/en
Publication of WO2017097183A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017097183A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/06—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by reversal of direction of flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/14—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
    • B01D19/0042—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow
    • B01D19/0052—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused
    • B01D19/0057—Degasification of liquids modifying the liquid flow in rotating vessels, vessels containing movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused the centrifugal movement being caused by a vortex, e.g. using a cyclone, or by a tangential inlet
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
    • B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
    • B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C3/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex flow following a screw-thread type line remains unchanged ; Devices in which one of the two discharge ducts returns centrally through the vortex chamber, a reverse-flow vortex being prevented by bulkheads in the central discharge duct
    • B04C2003/006—Construction of elements by which the vortex flow is generated or degenerated

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of gas purification, and in particular relates to a defogging and dust removing blade group.
  • the technical solution provided by the present invention is:
  • a defogging and dust removing blade group comprising a blade group and a fixed blade supporting member, the blade group being composed of a plurality of blades arranged in an annular shape, wherein the blade comprises a curved panel, the curved panel
  • the curved curve with a gradual cross section increases in curvature as the airflow direction increases.
  • the defogging and dust removing blade group can be further designed into any of the following four solutions:
  • the support member includes an outer frame and a center piece, and the blade group is provided with long blades and short blades, the length
  • the outer end of the blade is connected to the outer frame, the inner end is fixed on the center piece; the short blade is disposed between the adjacent long blades, the outer end is fixed on the outer frame, and the inner end is not connected with the center piece, and Leave a certain distance. Due to the compact structure of the blade at the center of the defogging and dust removing blade group, the resistance is large compared with the outer edge, which causes uneven airflow distribution and increases the pressure loss of the gas.
  • the above structural scheme can be adjusted by the combination of long and short blades. The resistance distribution of the blade group.
  • a plurality of short blades of different lengths may be disposed between adjacent long blades.
  • the blade set includes upper and lower blade layers, the outer edge diameter of the upper blade layer is larger than the outer edge diameter of the lower blade layer, the blades of the upper blade layer are fixed on a center ring, and the blades of the lower blade layer are fixed in a column shape.
  • the center piece On the center piece, the center piece is coaxial with the center ring, and the flow-facing surface at the bottom of the center piece is provided with a flow guiding cone to reduce pressure loss.
  • the bus bar of the flow guiding cone can be set to an arc curve with increasing curvature from the apex of the guiding cone to the circumference of the bottom surface.
  • the blades of the upper blade layer extend a straight plate at the tapered end of the curved panel, and the straight plate is smoothly coupled with the curved panel.
  • the support member includes a center member, the blade is fixed on the center member, the center member is provided with a flushing water distribution chamber, and the center member is provided with a water injection port communicating with the flushing water distribution chamber, the flushing water distribution chamber
  • Each of the blades is provided with a flushing hole corresponding to each of the blades, and a flushing water distributing wheel is disposed in the flushing water distribution chamber;
  • the flushing water distributing wheel comprises a central seat body and a plurality of curved shapes vertically disposed on a circumference side of the central seat body a baffle plate for shielding the flushing hole, a water discharge gap is left between the adjacent curved baffles, and the central seat body and the curved baffle are connected by an inclined slope surface, the slope surface
  • the outer edge is connected with the inner side of the curved baffle, the inner edge of the slope surface is connected with the central seat body, and the slopes connecting the curved baffles and the central seat body are all smooth.
  • the hour hand is inclined or tilted counterclockwise; a central shaft is disposed in a middle portion of the center piece flushing water distribution chamber, and a center seat of the flushing water distribution wheel is mounted on the center shaft to rotate around the shaft; the center The flow surface at the bottom of the piece is provided with a flow guiding cone.
  • the water can be injected into the central part water injection port, and the water flow is sprayed from the flushing hole on the center piece to wash the blade.
  • the flushing water distribution wheel rotates to the center piece side.
  • the flushing holes on the wall are intermittently blocked and opened, the water pressure is increased, the flushing effect is good, and water is saved.
  • the blade may extend out of a straight plate at the tapered end of the curved panel, and the straight plate is smoothly coupled with the curved panel.
  • the defogging and dust removing blade group may be composed of upper and lower parts, and the center piece is disconnected at the flushing water distribution chamber, and is correspondingly divided into upper and lower parts, the center.
  • a blade is fixed on the upper part of the piece, and a blade is fixed on the lower part of the center piece, and is arranged in a staggered manner with the blade on the upper part of the center piece. After the upper part and the lower part of the center piece are engaged, the two ring pieces are combined into one layer of the blade layer.
  • the support member includes a cylindrical center ring that is vertically penetrated, and the blade is circumferentially fixed to the center ring, and the center ring is lengthened on the upstream side of the blade group compared to the position where the blade air inlet is located.
  • the blade group of the solution is suitable for processing a gas in a rotating flow state.
  • the defogging and dust removing blade group can be used in series with the defogging and dust removing blade group of the above three schemes, and one or more blade sets are set in other schemes.
  • the airflow through the front defogging and dust removing blade group is in a rotating flow state, so as to be away from the center position of the guiding tube of the demisting device and close to the wall of the guiding tube, and the blades of the defogging and dust removing blade group in the latter stage can further improve the separation.
  • the center of the defogging and dust removal blade group can reduce the loss of airflow pressure.
  • a flow guiding vertebra may be disposed at the lower end of the center member of the blade group, that is, the airflow end, the guiding cone
  • the busbar is set to an arcuate curve with increasing curvature from the apex of the guide cone to the circumference of the bottom surface.
  • a lateral arc-shaped mounting strip may be further disposed on the outer edge of the blade, so that the blade mounting strips on the same layer form a ring structure for fixing clamping and enhancing the mounting strength of the blade. At the same time convenient for welding.
  • the curved curves of the blade and the guide cone are both modified involute, and the curve equation is:
  • ⁇ is the angle of expansion
  • r is the radius of the base circle
  • k is the correction factor
  • the gas and the liquid or dust are separated by the inertial force due to the difference in the quality of the gas and the droplets and the dust particles, especially It is a gradual curved curve, which causes droplets or dust to be captured and removed by the gradual changes of the blade surface under the constant inertia force and drag force.
  • the removal rate is high, and the use of the rinsing device can further improve the working efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of a defogging and dust removing blade group
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic bottom view showing the structure of a defogging and dust removing blade group
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic top plan view of the defogging and dust removing blade group of the first scheme
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the assembly member 1;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the assembly member 2
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the assembly member 3;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the assembly member 4.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the defogging and dust removing blade group of the second scheme
  • Figure 9 is a bottom plan view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of the top view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic perspective view of the second embodiment
  • Figure 12 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional structure of a defogging and dust removing blade group according to a third embodiment
  • Figure 13 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the defogging and dust removing blade group of the third embodiment
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the first embodiment of the third embodiment
  • Figure 15 is a perspective view showing the three-dimensional structure of the defogging and dust removing blade group of the second embodiment
  • 16 is a schematic structural view of a component 1 of the second embodiment
  • Figure 17 is a schematic structural view 1 of the second component of the second embodiment
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional structural view showing the second embodiment of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic structural view 1 of the first embodiment of the flushing water distribution wheel
  • Figure 21 is a schematic structural view 2 of the first embodiment of the flushing water distribution wheel
  • Figure 22 is a schematic structural view 3 of the first embodiment of the flushing water distribution wheel
  • Figure 23 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a flushing water distribution wheel
  • Figure 24 is a schematic structural view of the fourth scheme
  • Figure 25 is a schematic structural view 1 of the blade
  • Figure 26 is a schematic view 2 of the structure of the blade.
  • a defogging and dust removing blade group comprises a plurality of blades arranged in an annular shape and a supporting member for fixing the blades, the blade comprising a curved panel, the curved section of the curved panel is a gradual curved curve, and the curvature of the airflow direction Increment, as shown in Figures 25 and 26.
  • the support member includes an outer frame 101 and a center member 104.
  • the blade group is provided with a long blade 102 and a short blade 103.
  • the outer end of the long blade 102 is connected to the outer frame 101.
  • the end is fixed on the center piece 104; three short blades 102 of different lengths are inserted between the adjacent long blades 102, the outer ends of which are fixed on the outer frame 101, and the inner ends are facing the center piece 104, but with the center The piece 104 is not connected.
  • the set reinforcing ring 105 may be further added, and as shown in FIG. 3, the middle portion of each blade is fixed to the positioning reinforcing ring 105.
  • the support member may be divided into a plurality of splicable components, and the blades with overlapping regions are fixed on different support member components. Process separately, then assemble the pieces together.
  • the blade set of the present solution may be composed of four assembly pieces, and the assembly is composed of an outer frame assembly 101-1 and a first short blade 103-1 having an outer end fixed thereto.
  • the assembly member 2 is composed of an outer frame assembly 101-2 and a second short blade 103-2 fixed to the outer end thereof, and the assembly member 3 is long by the central member assembly 104-1 and the inner portion (root portion) fixed thereto.
  • the blade 102-1 is composed of an assembly 4 which is composed of a center piece assembly 104-2 and the remaining long blades 102-2 to which the inner end (root) is fixed. When assembling, will be four The assembly is stacked one on another, and the blades are staggered and locked in place and then fixed.
  • the blade group includes two upper and lower blade layers, wherein an outer edge diameter of the upper blade layer is larger than an outer edge diameter of the lower blade layer, and the blade 201 of the upper blade layer is fixed on a center ring 204.
  • the blade 202 of the lower blade layer is fixed to a cylindrical center piece 203 which is coaxial with the center ring 204, and the flow surface of the bottom of the center piece 203 is provided with a flow guiding cone 205.
  • the guide flow 205 can adopt a straight cone or an arc cone. If an arc cone is used, the bus bar can be set as an arc curve with increasing curvature along the flow direction (from bottom to top). Refer to FIG. 18 and FIG. .
  • the gas resistance of the curved panel is large. Therefore, when the lower blade 202 is a curved panel, the upper blade 201 is combined with a curved panel and a straight plate, and a straight plate is extended at the gradually flexing end of the curved panel to appropriately reduce Resistance, the straight plate and the curved panel are smoothly transitioned, as shown in FIG.
  • Embodiment 1 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the support member includes a center member 302.
  • the blade 301 is fixed to the center member 302.
  • the center member 302 is provided with a flushing water distribution chamber 303, and the center member 302 is provided with an upper portion.
  • a water injection port is connected to the flushing water distribution chamber, and the water injection port is provided with a threaded pipe connected to the water inlet pipe.
  • the flushing water distribution chamber 303 is provided with a flushing water distribution wheel.
  • the center member 302 is provided with a flushing hole 309 in the circumferential direction of each side of the flushing water distribution chamber 303. Referring to FIG. 17 of the second embodiment.
  • the flushing water distribution wheel includes a center seat body 307 and a plurality of curved baffles 306 vertically disposed on the circumferential side of the center seat body 307, the curved baffle 306 for shielding the flushing holes
  • a water discharge gap is left between the adjacent curved baffles 306, and the central seat body 307 and the curved baffle 306 are connected by a sloped slope 305 that faces the water injection port, and the slope surface 305 is spirally lowered.
  • slope outer edge and arc The inner side of the baffle 306 is in contact with each other, and the inner edge of the slope is in contact with the central seat body 307, and both slopes 305 are inclined clockwise or both are counterclockwise.
  • a central shaft 304 is disposed in the middle of the flushing water distribution chamber of the center member 302.
  • the center seat 307 of the flushing water distribution wheel is mounted on the central shaft 304 to rotate around the shaft.
  • Figure 23 is another embodiment of a flush water dispensing wheel.
  • the flushing water distribution wheel is under the dual action of water buoyancy and impact force.
  • the arrangement of the curved baffle 306 increases the water discharge pressure of the flushing hole, so that each flushing hole is intermittently closed or opened, has a good flushing effect, and saves water.
  • the washing amount can be saved by about 50%, and when the 2/3 flushing hole is blocked, about 65% of the flushing water can be saved.
  • the blade 301 adopts a combination of a curved panel and a straight plate, and a straight plate extends from the gradually flexing end of the curved panel, and the straight plate and the curved panel are smoothly transitioned.
  • Embodiment 2 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 1:
  • the water injection port can be eccentrically disposed on the center member 302, so that the water inflow concentrates on the slope surface 305 of the distribution wheel, as shown in FIG.
  • a flare 310 may be added at the water outlet end of the water injection port, and the flare 310 is expanded only in the direction toward the slope surface 305, forming a cross section of An elliptical flared flare, the elliptical short axis direction coincides with the radial direction of the flush water distribution wheel, and the position toward the center of the flush water distribution wheel is not expanded, as shown in FIG.
  • the flow-facing surface at the bottom of the center member 302 is provided with a flow guiding cone, and the guiding cone can also adopt an arc-shaped cone with increasing curvature.
  • each blade is provided with a lateral arc-shaped mounting strip 308, and the blade set can be fixedly mounted on the external device by clamping the mounting bar 308, and can be strengthened by welding. connection.
  • the defogging and dust removing blade group is composed of upper and lower portions, and the center member 302 is disconnected at the flushing water distribution chamber, and is correspondingly divided into upper and lower portions, and a coil is fixed on the upper portion of the center member 302.
  • the lower part of the center piece is also fixed with a ring of blades, and is arranged in a staggered manner with the blades on the upper part of the center piece. After the upper part and the lower part of the center piece 302 are engaged, the two rings are combined into one layer.
  • the support member includes a cylindrical center ring 402 penetrating up and down, each blade 401 is circumferentially fixed on the center ring 402, and the center ring 402 is on the upstream side (below the blade) of the blade group. It is longer than the position of the air inlet of the blade.
  • one or more of the present blade sets can be placed in the rear of any other set of blade sets.
  • the blades are densely distributed in the central region.
  • the blade may be designed to be narrow in the outer width or partially to be removed from the root near the center.
  • the cross-section of the curved panel of the blade and the curved curve of the busbar of the guide cone can be traced, spiral (logarithmic spiral, golden spiral, hyperbolic spiral), involute and gradual flexion Find the appropriate line segment in any of the line types, such as the line, the outer outer rotation line (heart line), the vine line, the vine line, the catenary line, the rose line, the outer trochoid, and the rifling, and use it after correction.
  • the preferred scheme is the following modified involute, and the curve equation is:
  • ⁇ is the angle of expansion
  • r is the radius of the base circle
  • k is the correction factor

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)

Abstract

一种除雾除尘叶片组，包括环形排布的多个叶片和固定叶片的支撑构件，叶片包括一段曲面板，曲面板的横截面为渐变的弧形曲线，随气流流向曲率递增。当夹带有细小粒径雾滴或者细微粉尘颗粒的气体从叶片组中通过时，气体和液体或粉尘在惯性力的作用下分离；渐变的叶片曲线促使液滴或粉尘在持续变化的惯性力和曳力作用下被除去，配合冲洗装置，可提高工作效率。

Description

除雾除尘叶片组 技术领域
本发明属于气体净化技术领域,具体为一种除雾除尘叶片组。
背景技术
在气体净化领域，需要对气体中含有的细小颗粒物，如粉尘、雾滴等进行分离时，常用的设备包括折流板除雾器、丝网气液分离器、旋流片分离器、旋风分离器等。在湿法烟气治理工艺中，如石灰石-石膏法脱硫、氨法脱硫等，除雾装置的性能优劣对整个系统的正常运行影响深远，一般烟气治理工艺排放的烟气颗粒物含量不能达标、烟囱周围的石膏雨现象都是由除雾器效率低下所致。而随着社会的进步，工业应用中对分离装置的要求越来越高，去除颗粒物的标准甚至从微米级逐渐上升到了纳米级。
发明内容
本发明的技术目的在于提供一种分离效率高的除雾除尘叶片组，以克服或改善现有技术的不足。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明提供的技术方案为：
一种除雾除尘叶片组，包括叶片组和固定叶片的支撑构件，所述叶片组由呈环形排布的多个叶片构成，其特征在于，所述叶片包括一段曲面板，所述曲面板的横截面为渐变的弧形曲线，随气流流向曲率递增。
在上述方案基础上，所述除雾除尘叶片组可进一步设计为以下四种方案中的任一种：
方案一：
所述支撑构件包括外框和中心件，叶片组内设有长叶片和短叶片，所述长 叶片的外端与外框连接，内端固定在中心件上；所述短叶片设置在相邻长叶片之间，其外端固定在所述外框上，内端与中心件不连接,且留有一定距离。由于除雾除尘叶片组中心处叶片结构紧凑，相较于外缘其阻力大，会使气流分布不均，同时增大气体的压力损失，采用上述结构方案，通过长、短叶片的组合可调整叶片组的阻力分布。
相邻长叶片之间可设置多个长度不一的短叶片。
方案二：
所述叶片组包括上下两层叶片层，上叶片层的外缘直径大于下叶片层的外缘直径，上叶片层的叶片固定在一中心环上，下叶片层的叶片固定在一柱形的中心件上，所述中心件与中心环同轴，且中心件底部的迎流面设有导流锥，以减少压力损失。作为优选，所述导流锥的母线可设为从导流锥顶点到底面圆周曲率递增的弧形曲线。
上叶片层的叶片在曲面板的渐屈端延伸出一段直板，所述直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接。
方案三：
所述支撑构件包括一中心件，叶片固定在所述中心件上，所述中心件内设有冲洗水分配腔，中心件上设有连通冲洗水分配腔的注水口，所述冲洗水分配腔在其侧壁对应每个叶片分别设有冲洗孔，冲洗水分配腔内安装有冲洗水分配轮；所述冲洗水分配轮包括中心座体和竖向设置在中心座体周侧的若干弧形挡板，所述弧形挡板用于遮挡冲洗孔，相邻弧形挡板之间留有放水间隙，所述中心座体与弧形挡板之间通过倾斜坡面连接，所述坡面外缘与弧形挡板内侧面相接，坡面内缘与中心座体相接，且连接各弧形挡板与中心座体的各坡面均为顺 时针倾斜或均为逆时针倾斜；中心件冲洗水分配腔的中部设有一中心轴杆，冲洗水分配轮的中心座体安装在所述中心轴杆上，以轴杆为中心转动；所述中心件底部的迎流面设有导流锥。
需冲洗除雾除尘叶片组时，向中心件注水口进水即可，水流从中心件上的冲洗孔中喷出对叶片进行冲洗，在水流冲击下，冲洗水分配轮转动，对中心件侧壁上的冲洗孔进行间歇性的遮挡和开放，提高出水压力，冲洗效果好，且节约用水。
所述叶片在曲面板的渐缩端可延伸出一段直板，所述直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接。
为了方便冲洗水分配轮的安装，本方案中，除雾除尘叶片组可由上、下两部分对接组成，所述中心件在冲洗水分配腔处断开，对应分为上、下两部分，中心件上部固定有一圈叶片，中心件下部也固定有一圈叶片，且与中心件上部的叶片交错布置，使中心件上、下部卡合后，两圈叶片拼合为一层叶片层。
方案四：
所述支撑构件包括一上下贯通的筒状中心环，叶片环绕固定在所述中心环上，且相较于叶片进气口所在的位置，中心环在叶片组迎流一侧要长出一段。
本方案叶片组适用于处理旋转流态的气体，在除雾设备中，该除雾除尘叶片组与上述三个方案的除雾除尘叶片组可串联使用，一个或者多个设置在其它方案叶片组的后段，经过前段除雾除尘叶片组的气流成旋转流态，从而远离除雾设备导流筒中心位置、靠近导流筒筒壁流动，后段的除雾除尘叶片组叶片可进一步提高分离效率，同时，除雾除尘叶片组中心处贯通，可减少气流压强的损失。
上述方案一到三中，为了减小叶片组中心处的压力损失，同时将气体导流至叶片处，可在叶片组中心件下端，即迎气流端设置导流椎，所述导流锥的母线设为从导流锥顶点到底面圆周曲率递增的弧形曲线。
上述方案一到四中，可进一步在所述叶片的外缘设置横向的圆弧形安装条，使位于同一层面上的叶片安装条组成圆环结构，用于固定夹持，增强叶片的安装强度，同时方便焊接。
作为优选，上述叶片和导流锥的弧形曲线均采用修正后的渐开线，其曲线方程为：
Figure PCTCN2016108698-appb-000001
上式中，φ为展角，r为基圆半径，k为修正系数。
有益效果：
当夹带有细小粒径雾滴或者细微粉尘颗粒的气体从除雾除尘叶片组中通过时，由于气体与雾滴、粉尘颗粒质量存在差异，促进气体和液体或粉尘在惯性力的作用分离，尤其是渐变的弧形曲线，促使液滴或粉尘在持续变化的惯性力和曳力作用下，被渐变的叶片曲面捕捉除去，去除率高，进一步配合冲洗装置使用，可显著提高工作效率。
附图说明
图1为方案一除雾除尘叶片组的立体结构示意图；
图2为方案一除雾除尘叶片组的仰视结构示意图；
图3为方案一除雾除尘叶片组的俯视结构示意图；
图4为组装件一的结构示意图；
图5为组装件二的结构示意图；
图6为组装件三的结构示意图；
图7为组装件四的结构示意图；
图8为方案二除雾除尘叶片组的主视结构示意图；
图9为图8的仰视结构示意图；
图10为图8的俯视结构示意土；
图11为方案二的立体结构示意图；
图12为方案三实施例一除雾除尘叶片组的立体结构示意图一；
图13为方案三实施例一除雾除尘叶片组的立体结构示意图二；
图14为方案三实施例一的剖面结构示意图；
图15为方案三实施例二除雾除尘叶片组的立体结构示意图；
图16为方案三实施例二组件一的结构示意图；
图17为方案三实施例二组件二的结构示意图一；
图18为方案三实施例二组件二的结构示意图二；
图19为方案三实施例二的剖面结构示意图；
图20为冲洗水分配轮实施例一的结构示意图一；
图21为冲洗水分配轮实施例一的结构示意图二；
图22为冲洗水分配轮实施例一的结构示意图三；
图23为冲洗水分配轮实施例二的结构示意图；
图24为方案四的结构示意图；
图25为叶片的结构示意图一；
图26为叶片的结构示意图二。
具体实施方式
为了阐明本发明的技术方案及技术目的，下面结合附图及具体实施例对本发明做进一步的介绍。
一种除雾除尘叶片组，包括呈环形排布的多个叶片和固定叶片的支撑构件，所述叶片包括一段曲面板，所述曲面板的横截面为渐变的弧形曲线，随气流流向曲率递增，如图25、26所示。
方案一：
如图1、图2所示，所述支撑构件包括外框101和中心件104，叶片组内设有长叶片102和短叶片103，所述长叶片102的外端与外框101连接，内端固定在中心件104上；三个长度不完全相同的短叶片102插在相邻长叶片102之间，其外端固定在所述外框101上，内端朝向中心件104，但与中心件104不连接。为了保障叶片的安装强度，可进一步增设定位加强环105，如图3所示，将各叶片的中部固定在所述定位加强环105上。
当叶片组中相邻叶片之间覆盖面积有重叠时，为了方便通过注塑工艺制作，可将支撑构件分成若干可拼接的组成部分，将有重叠区域的叶片固定在不同的支撑构件组成部分上,分别加工，之后再将组装件拼合在一起。如图4至图8所示，本方案叶片组可由四个组装件拼接构成，所述组装件一由外框组件101-1和外端固定在它上面的第一短叶片103-1构成，组装件二由外框组件101-2和外端固定在它上面的第二短叶片103-2组成，组装件三由中心件组件104-1和里端(根部)固定在它上面的部分长叶片102-1组成，组装件四由中心件组件104-2和里端(根部)固定在它上面的其余长叶片102-2组成。拼装时，将四个 组装件依次叠置，将叶片错开卡合到位后固定即可。
方案二：
如图8至图11所示，所述叶片组包括上下两层叶片层，上叶片层的外缘直径大于下叶片层的外缘直径，上叶片层的叶片201固定在一中心环204上，下叶片层的叶片202固定在一柱形的中心件203上，所述中心件203与中心环204同轴，且中心件203底部的迎流面设有导流锥205。
所述导流205可采用直锥或弧形锥，若采用弧形锥，可将其母线设为随气流流向(自下向上)曲率递增的弧形曲线,可参照方案三的图18、19。
相较于直板，曲面板的气体阻力大，故所述下层叶片202为曲面板时，上层叶片201则采用曲面板与直板的结合，在曲面板的渐屈端延伸出一段直板，以适当减少阻力，所述直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接，如图26所示。
方案三：
实施例一:
如图12至图14所示，所述支撑构件包括一中心件302，叶片301固定在所述中心件302上，所述中心件302内设有冲洗水分配腔303，中心件302上部设有连通冲洗水分配腔的注水口，所述注水口设有连接进水管的螺纹管。所述冲洗水分配腔303内安装有冲洗水分配轮，中心件302在冲洗水分配腔303的侧壁沿环向对应每个叶片设有冲洗孔309,可参考实施例二的图17。
如图20至22所示，所述冲洗水分配轮包括中心座体307和竖向设置在中心座体307周侧的若干弧形挡板306，所述弧形挡板306用于遮挡冲洗孔，相邻弧形挡板306之间留有放水间隙，所述中心座体307与弧形挡板306之间通过迎向注水口的倾斜坡面305连接，所述坡面305呈螺旋式下降，坡面外缘与弧 形挡板306内侧面相接，坡面内缘与中心座体307相接，且两个坡面305均为顺时针倾斜或均为逆时针倾斜。中心件302的冲洗水分配腔中部设有一中心轴杆304，冲洗水分配轮的中心座体307安装在所述中心轴杆304上，以轴杆为中心转动。图23为冲洗水分配轮的另一种实施例。
使用过程中，当具有一定压力的水流从注水口进入中心座体的冲洗水分配腔303，冲击冲洗水分配轮的坡面305时，在水浮力和冲击力的双重作用下，冲洗水分配轮转动，弧形挡板306的设置增加了冲洗孔的出水压力，使各冲洗孔间歇性的封闭或开放，具有良好的冲洗效果，且节约用水。根据实践得知，当弧形挡板306挡住一半冲洗孔时，可节约50％左右的洗水量，挡住2/3冲洗孔时，可节约65％左右的冲洗用水。
所述叶片301采用曲面板与直板的结合，在曲面板的渐屈端延伸出一段直板，直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接。
实施例二：
在实施例一的基础上，可将注水口偏心设置在中心件302上，使进水集中冲击分配轮的坡面305，如图15所示。同时为了保障进水与分配轮坡面305有充足的接触面积，可在注水口的出水端增设扩口310，且使扩口310仅在朝向坡面305的方向外扩，形成了横截面为椭圆形的喇叭状扩口，所述椭圆形的短轴方向与冲洗水分配轮的径向一致，朝向冲洗水分配轮中心的位置无扩展，如图16所示。所述中心件302底部的迎流面设有导流锥，所述导流锥也可采用曲率递增的弧形锥。
为了便于叶片组的安装，每块叶片的外缘均设有横向的圆弧形安装条308，通过夹持安装条308可使叶片组固定安装在外部设备上，同时可通过焊接加强 连接。
本方案中，除雾除尘叶片组由上、下两部分对接组成，所述中心件302在冲洗水分配腔处断开，对应分为上、下两部分，中心件302上部固定有一圈叶片，中心件下部也固定有一圈叶片，且与中心件上部的叶片交错布置，使中心件302上、下部卡合后，两圈叶片拼合为一层。
方案四：
如图24所示，所述支撑构件包括一上下贯通的筒状中心环402，各叶片401环绕固定在所述中心环402上，且中心环402在叶片组迎流一侧(叶片下方)相较于叶片进气口的位置，要长出一段。
在除雾设备中，可将一个或者多个本方案叶片组设置在任一种其它方案叶片组的后段使用。
上述各方案中，叶片在中心区域分布密集，为了避免叶片组在中心区域阻力过大，可将叶片设计为外宽内窄，或将叶片靠近中心处的根部局部切除。
所述叶片的曲面板横截面、导流锥的母线所涉及的弧形曲线，可在曳引线、螺线(对数螺线、黄金螺线、双曲螺线)、渐开线和渐屈线、圆外旋轮线(心脏线)、蔓型线、蔓叶线、悬链线、蔷薇线、外摆线、蚶线等任一种线型中找到合适的线段，经过修正后使用。优选方案为以下经过修正后的渐开线,其曲线方程为：
Figure PCTCN2016108698-appb-000002
上式中，φ为展角，r为基圆半径，k为修正系数。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书、说明书及其等效物界定。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种除雾除尘叶片组，包括呈环形排布的多个叶片和固定叶片的支撑构件，其特征在于，所述叶片包括一段曲面板，所述曲面板的横截面为渐变的弧形曲线，随气流流向曲率递增。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述支撑构件包括外框和中心件，所述多个叶片包括长叶片和短叶片，所述长叶片的外端与外框连接，内端固定在中心件上；所述短叶片设置在相邻长叶片之间，其外端固定在所述外框上，内端与中心件不连接,且留有一定距离。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，相邻长叶片之间设有多个长度不一的短叶片。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，设有上下两层叶片层，上叶片层的外缘直径大于下叶片层的外缘直径，上叶片层的叶片固定在一筒状的中心环上，下叶片层的叶片固定在一柱形的中心件上，所述中心件与中心环同轴，且中心件底部的迎流面设有导流锥。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，上叶片层的叶片在曲面板的渐屈端延伸出一段直板，所述直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于：
    所述支撑构件包括一中心件，叶片固定在所述中心件上，所述中心件内设有冲洗水分配腔，中心件上设有连通冲洗水分配腔的注水口，所述冲洗水分配腔在其侧壁上对应每个叶片分别设有冲洗孔，冲洗水分配腔内安装有冲洗水分配轮；
    所述冲洗水分配轮包括中心座体和竖向设置在中心座体周侧的若干弧形挡板，所述弧形挡板用于遮挡冲洗孔，相邻弧形挡板之间留有放水间隙，所述中 心座体与弧形挡板之间通过倾斜坡面连接，所述坡面外缘与弧形挡板内侧面相接，坡面内缘与中心座体相接，且连接各弧形挡板与中心座体的各坡面均为顺时针倾斜或均为逆时针倾斜；
    中心件的冲洗水分配腔中部设有一中心轴杆，冲洗水分配轮的中心座体安装在所述中心轴杆上，在水力作用下以轴杆为中心转动；
    所述中心件底部的迎流面设有导流锥。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述叶片在曲面板的渐屈端延伸出一段直板，所述直板与曲面板顺滑过渡衔接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，由上、下两部分对接组成，所述中心件在冲洗水分配腔处断开，对应分为上、下两部分，中心件上部固定有一圈叶片，中心件下部也固定有一圈叶片，且与中心件上部的叶片交错布置，使中心件上、下部卡合后，两圈叶片拼合为一层。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述支撑构件包括一上下贯通的筒状中心环，叶片环绕固定在所述中心环上，且相较于叶片进气口所在的位置，中心环在叶片组迎流一侧要长出一段。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述叶片的外缘均设有横向的圆弧形安装条，位于同一层面上的叶片安装条组成圆环结构，用于固定夹持。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10中任一权项所述的一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述弧形曲线为修正后的渐开线，其曲线方程为：
    Figure PCTCN2016108698-appb-100001
    k＝0.3～3
    上式中，φ为展角，r为基圆半径，k为修正系数。
  12. 一种除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，包括呈环形排布的多个叶片和固定叶片的支撑构件，所述支撑构件包括中心件，其特征在于，所述中心件的迎流面设有导流锥，所述导流锥的母线为自导流锥顶端到底面圆周曲率递增的弧形曲线。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的除雾除尘叶片组，其特征在于，所述弧形曲线的曲线方程为修正后的渐开线：
    Figure PCTCN2016108698-appb-100002
    上式中，φ为展角，r为基圆半径，k为修正系数。
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