WO2017096498A1 - 基于rs485通信系统的从机参数设置方法 - Google Patents

基于rs485通信系统的从机参数设置方法 Download PDF

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WO2017096498A1
WO2017096498A1 PCT/CN2015/000890 CN2015000890W WO2017096498A1 WO 2017096498 A1 WO2017096498 A1 WO 2017096498A1 CN 2015000890 W CN2015000890 W CN 2015000890W WO 2017096498 A1 WO2017096498 A1 WO 2017096498A1
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state
address
network
network device
lock
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PCT/CN2015/000890
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈默
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陈默
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Priority to CN201580084721.8A priority Critical patent/CN108779973A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2015/000890 priority patent/WO2017096498A1/zh
Publication of WO2017096498A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017096498A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
    • F42D1/04—Arrangements for ignition
    • F42D1/045—Arrangements for electric ignition
    • F42D1/05—Electric circuits for blasting

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of civil explosion control system design, and particularly relates to a slave parameter setting method based on RS485 communication system.
  • the master-slave connection mode of the existing electronic detonator detonation network mainly adopts a two-wire system, that is, a host such as a detonator is connected to a slave device such as a network device through two detonation buses.
  • the electronic detonator detonation network also has a four-wire connection method based on the RS485 communication mechanism, as shown in Figure 1.
  • a long detonating bus is required, so the detonator generally passes through two detonating buses and the network in the blasting zone.
  • the slaves (slave) are connected, which reduces costs.
  • the distance between the various network devices in the blasting zone is set according to the distance of the actual blasting holes (or columns, or segments, or holes and holes), and generally does not exceed 10 meters.
  • a four-wire daisy-chain connection is used between the various network devices, that is, each network device is connected by four lines.
  • the two lines are respectively connected in parallel with the detonating bus (ie, the A and B lines of RS485), one line is connected in parallel and grounded, and the other is the connecting line between the network devices.
  • the network device Since the RS485-based communication between the existing initiator and the network device is a broadcast mode, in order to realize communication between the initiator and the specific network device, the network device must have a unique network in advance. Address or network identification, so that when the initiator communicates with a specific network device, the initiator sends a command with a specific network address or network identifier of the network device to implement the initiator and the specific network device. The purpose of communication.
  • writing network addresses (or network identities) in the network beforehand increases the complexity of field implementation.
  • writing network addresses (or network identities) in the network beforehand can also make the use of the network device inflexible. For example, after writing a network address (or network identifier) to the network, due to some The reason is that no network device is used. When the network is taken to another blasting site, the network address (or network identifier) needs to be rewritten.
  • the technical solution proposed by the present invention is a method for setting a slave parameter based on an RS485 communication system, wherein the method includes:
  • Step 1 The initiator sends an address initialization command, and all the network devices initialize their own state;
  • Step 2 The initiator sends an address distribution instruction including a network address, and the network device stores the network address according to its own state;
  • Step 3 The initiator sends an address lock command including the network address, and the network device modifies its own state according to the network address and sends a response signal to the initiator.
  • Step 4 If the detonator receives the response signal, return to step 2.
  • the self state includes an input state, an address lock state, and an output state.
  • the first network device sets an input state to an inputtable state, an address lock state to an unlocked state, and an output state to an unoutputtable state;
  • the remaining network devices set the input state to the unenableable state, the address lock state to the unlocked state, and the output state to the unoutputable state.
  • the network device stores the network address according to its own state, specifically:
  • the network device When the input state of the network device is an inputtable state and the address locking state is an unlocked state, the network device extracts the network address in the address distribution instruction and stores the network Address.
  • the network device modifies its own state according to the network address:
  • the network device determines whether the network address in the address lock instruction is the same as the network address stored by itself, if the network address in the address lock instruction and the network stored by itself The router address is the same, then the network device modifies the address lock state to the locked state and modifies the output state to the outputtable state.
  • the network device modifies the output state to an outputtable state such that an input state of the next network device connected to the network device is modified to an input state.
  • the method further includes the step of setting the detonation delay parameter, specifically:
  • the initiator sends a setting instruction including the network address and a detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address;
  • the network device determines whether to store the detonation delay parameter according to whether the network address in the setting instruction is the same as the network address stored by itself.
  • the address distribution instruction further includes a detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address.
  • the storing, by the network device, the network address according to the state of the network further includes:
  • the network device When the input state of the network device is an inputtable state and the address locking state is an unlocked state, the network device extracts a detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address in the address distribution instruction and stores The detonation delay parameter.
  • the detonation delay parameter includes an initial delay and an inter-hole delay, or includes an extension table.
  • the network address is set by the detonator, and the address of the blasting field device is saved without the need to write the address to the network device in advance. And cost, while increasing the flexibility of field equipment deployment.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a four-wire detonation network connection.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection to a detonation network provided in accordance with the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method provided by the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a network device and an electronic detonator connection
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method provided by the present invention, in accordance with another embodiment
  • Figure 6a is a schematic diagram of the setting of the delay delay
  • Figure 6b is a table of deferred parameters.
  • slave refers to a device having a network or repeater function.
  • the initiator sends an instruction to the detonation network based on the RS485 communication protocol, which is a multicast instruction, and all the network devices in the network can receive the instruction. But the network does not know if the instruction is sent to itself. Therefore, in order to communicate with a certain network device, the command sent by the initiator usually includes the unique attributes of the specific network device, such as an address, an ID, and the like.
  • the technical difficulty of the present invention is that when there is no unique attribute in the network device, the two-way communication with the initiator cannot be realized.
  • three states of the network device are set, namely an input state, an address lock state, and an output state.
  • the network determines whether to receive the relevant instructions of the initiator and whether to respond to the initiator by these three states.
  • these three states of the network device can be implemented by hardware and/or software.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a detonation network connection provided in accordance with the present invention.
  • the network devices are sequentially connected by a four-wire system, wherein two wires are connected in parallel to the detonating bus (A and B lines of the RAS) provided by the initiator, one line is connected in parallel, and one line is connected. It is a tie line for connecting the output of the previous network and the input of the next network.
  • the input forms are represented by ADDR, LOCK, and NEXT, respectively.
  • State address lock state, and output state.
  • a method for setting a slave parameter based on an RS485 communication system provided by the present invention includes:
  • Step 101 The initiator sends an address initialization command, and all the network devices initialize their own state.
  • each network device can receive the address initialization command. After receiving the address initialization command, the network device initializes its state.
  • the first network device is the network device in the detonating network that is closest to the initiator along the detonating bus, such as the first network device in FIG. It should be noted that the network device determines whether it is the first network device by whether the input port is connected to the contact line. Since the first network device does not have a network device before, its input port does not access the contact line. According to the daisy chain connection mode, the remaining network devices must be connected to the previous network device through the input port.
  • Step 102 The initiator sends an address distribution instruction including a network address, and the network device stores the electronic detonator address according to the state.
  • the network address is 0x30.
  • the address distribution instruction is also a broadcast instruction. And each network device can receive the address distribution instruction.
  • Step 103 The initiator sends an address lock command including a network address, and the network device modifies its state according to the network address and sends an acknowledgement signal to the initiator.
  • the network address in the address lock command sent by the initiator is the same as the network address in the address distribution command in the previous step (step 102), that is, 0x30.
  • the purpose of this step is to modify the parameters of the network device that just stored the network address. And through the network device that just stores the network address, modify the input state of the next network device connected to it.
  • the network device After modifying the settings, the network device sends an acknowledgement signal to the initiator to indicate that the initiator modification is complete.
  • Step 104 If the detonator receives the response signal, return to step 102; if the detonator does not receive the response signal, then it ends.
  • the initiator receives the response signal, it indicates that the network device has stored the network address and modified its own state. At this time, return to step 102 to perform the setting of the next network device. If the initiator does not receive a response, all network devices have been set up.
  • a network address e.g., 0x40
  • the next network device of the network device that previously stored the network address repeats steps 102-103 above.
  • the first network device in the above steps 102 and 103 correspondingly becomes the second network device, and the second network device becomes the third network device.
  • the address 0x30 in the above steps 102 and 103 is also replaced with a new address such as 0x40.
  • the step of setting the detonation delay parameter may be included (step 105), specifically: the detonator sends the network address including the detonation corresponding to the network address.
  • the setting instruction of the deferred parameter the network device determines whether to store the detonation delay parameter according to whether the network address in the setting instruction is the same as the network address stored in the setting instruction.
  • the network device stores the detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address.
  • each network device is connected to an initiating branch and a plurality of electronic detonators are connected in parallel on the detonating branch (Fig. 4), the network device is responsible for setting a detonation period for all the electronic detonators on the detonating branch.
  • the detonation delay parameter is actually a parameter related to the detonation delay of all electronic detonators on the detonation branch. From The detonation period parameter may be a start delay and an inter-hole extension, or the detonation delay parameter may be an extension table. The deferred setting of the electronic detonator will be described below.
  • the present embodiment stores the detonation delay parameter while each network device stores the network address.
  • FIG. 5 is a flow diagram of a method provided by the present invention, in accordance with one embodiment.
  • a method for setting a slave parameter based on an RS485 communication system provided by the present invention includes:
  • Step 201 The initiator sends an address initialization command, and all the network devices initialize their own state.
  • Step 202 The initiator sends an address distribution instruction including a network address and a detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address, and the network device stores the network address and the detonation delay parameter according to the state.
  • Step 203 The initiator sends an address lock command including a network address, and the network device modifies its own state according to the electronic detonator address and sends a response signal to the initiator.
  • the network address in the address lock command sent by the initiator is the same as the network address in the address distribution command in the previous step (step 202), that is, 0x30.
  • This step is to modify the parameters of the network device that just stored the network address. And through the network device that just stores the network address, modify the input state of the next network device connected to it.
  • the specific modification of the state of the network device is the same as step 103.
  • the network device After modifying the settings, the network device sends an acknowledgement signal to the initiator to indicate that the initiator modification is complete.
  • Step 204 If the initiator receives the response signal, return to step 102; if the initiator does not receive When the response signal is reached, it ends.
  • the method ends after all the network stores the network address and the detonation delay parameter corresponding to the network address.
  • the network device can set parameters for the electronic detonators in parallel with the detonating branches connected to itself.
  • the detonation delay parameter is used as the initial delay and the inter-hole delay. Assume that the initial delay is 10ms and the inter-hole delay is 5ms. In some types of blasting, such as in plane blasting, the difference in detonation delay between a row of blastholes may be the same, ie, the delay is delayed. For example, in Figure 6a, the detonation delay difference between each blasthole in the row is 5 ms, and the detonation delay (starting delay) of the first blasthole in the row is 10 ms, then the blasthole in the row The detonation delay of each blasthole is 10ms, 15ms, 20ms, ....
  • the network device Since the electronic detonators are sequentially connected in parallel to the detonating branch (directly connected in parallel or through a connecting member not shown), when an electronic detonator is connected to the detonating branch, the network device will quickly set a network address for it, such as When the first electronic detonator is connected to the network, the network device sets the address 0x30:001 for the electronic detonator. Among them, "0x30" is the network address, and "001" is the sequence number of the electronic detonator in the detonating branch. Based on this, each electronic detonator in the detonating network can obtain a unique address.
  • the detonation period can be written for each electronic detonator.
  • the address is 0x30:003
  • the network device calculates the absolute of the electronic detonator according to the initial delay (10ms), the inter-hole delay (5ms) and the sequence number 3.
  • the network device sends a detonation delay setting command including a network address (0x30:003) and a real detonation delay of 20 ms to the electronic detonator, and the electronic detonator stores the real detonation delay after receiving the instruction.
  • the real detonation delay can also be calculated by the electronic detonator, that is, the network device only sends the initial delay and the inter-hole delay to the electronic detonator, and the electronic detonator is based on the sequence number, the initial delay, and Inter-hole delay calculations and storage of real delays.
  • the detonation delay parameter may be an extension parameter table, as shown in Fig. 6b.
  • the left field is the sequence number of the electronic detonator and the right field is the detonation period.
  • the network device sends the sequence number and the detonation delay according to the order of the electronic detonators that access the detonating branch.
  • settings and/or changes of the input state, the address lock state, and the output state may be implemented by hardware and/or software. Take the hardware implementation as an example to briefly describe the settings of the input state, address lock state, and output state.
  • Each of the delay period control modules includes three voltage control modules, which are an input state voltage control module, an address lock state voltage control module, and an output state voltage control module.
  • each voltage control module of each network device outputs a low level or a high level to effect setting and/or changing of an input state, an address lock state, and an output state.
  • the setting and/or the change of the input state, the address lock state, and the output state of the network device can also be implemented by software, which are technical means well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention will not be described again.

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Abstract

本发明公开了民爆控制系统设计技术领域中的一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法。方法包括：起爆器发送地址初始化指令，所有网路器初始化自身状态；起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址分发指令，网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址；起爆器发送包含所述网路器地址的地址锁定指令，网路器根据所述网路器地址修改自身状态并且向起爆器发送应答信号；如果所述起爆器收到所述应答信号，则返回起爆器发送地址分发指令的步骤。本发明在使用四线制连接的起爆网络中，在网路器接入起爆网络后，通过起爆器设置网路器地址，无需事先为网路器写入地址，节约了爆破现场设备布设的时间和成本，同时提高了现场设备布设的灵活性。

Description

基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法 技术领域
本发明属于民爆控制系统设计技术领域，尤其涉及一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法。
背景技术
现有的电子雷管起爆网络的主从机连接方式主要采用两线制，即起爆器这样的主机通过两条起爆总线与网路器之类的从机连接。除此之外，电子雷管起爆网络还有一种基于RS485通信机制的四线制连接方式，如图1所示。在这种连接方式中，由于爆破区与起爆控制地点具有较远的距离(通常是几百米)，需要较长的起爆总线，因此起爆器一般通过两条起爆总线与爆破区中的网路器(从机)相连，这样会降低成本。而爆破区中的各个网路器之间的距离则根据实际爆破孔的排(或者列、或者段、或者孔与孔)的距离设置，一般不超过10米。各个网路器之间采用四线制的菊花链连接方式，即各个网路器之间通过四条线相连。在与网路器相连的四条线中，两条线分别与起爆总线(即RS485的A线和B线)并联，一条线并联后接地，另一条是网路器之间的联络线。
由于现有的起爆器与网路器之间的基于RS485的通信方式都是通播方式，因此要实现起爆器与特定的网路器之间的通信，必须使网路器事先具有唯一的网络地址或网络标识，这样在起爆器与特定的网路器进行通信时，在起爆器发送的指令中包含特定的网路器的网络地址或网络标识，就可实现起爆器与特定的网路器通信的目的。
但是，事先在网路器中写入网络地址(或网络标识)，会增加现场实施的复杂度。另外，事先在网路器中写入网络地址(或网络标识)也会使网路器的使用失去灵活性。比如，在向网路器写入网络地址(或网络标识)后，由于某些 原因，没有使用网路器。将该网路器拿到另一个爆破现场使用时，需要重新写入网络地址(或网络标识)。
针对上述情况，需要对四线制连接的网路器的网络地址(或网络标识)设置方式进行改进，以解决其在使用过程中存在的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法，用于解决基于RS485通信系统的四线制连接方式的电子雷管起爆网络的网路器的参数设置存在的问题。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提出的技术方案是，一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
步骤1：起爆器发送地址初始化指令，所有网路器初始化自身状态；
步骤2：起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址分发指令，网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址；
步骤3：起爆器发送包含所述网路器地址的地址锁定指令，网路器根据所述网路器地址修改自身状态并且向起爆器发送应答信号；
步骤4：如果所述起爆器收到所述应答信号，则返回步骤2。
所述自身状态包括输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态。
所述所有网路器初始化自身状态具体是：
第一网路器将输入状态设置为可输入状态、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态；
其余网路器将输入状态设置为不可输入状态、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态。
所述网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址具体是：
当所述网路器的输入状态为可输入状态并且地址锁定状态为未锁定状态时，所述网路器提取所述地址分发指令中的所述网路器地址并且存储所述网路 器地址。
所述网路器根据所述网路器地址修改自身状态具体是：
所述网路器判断所述地址锁定指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同，如果所述地址锁定指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址相同，则所述网路器将地址锁定状态修改为已锁定状态并且将输出状态修改为可输出状态。
所述网路器将输出状态修改为可输出状态导致与所述网路器相连的下一个网路器的输入状态被修改为可输入状态。
所述方法进一步包括，起爆延期参数设置的步骤，具体是：
所述起爆器发送包括所述网路器地址和与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数的设置指令；
所述网路器根据所述设置指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同来确定是否存储所述起爆延期参数。
所述地址分发指令进一步包括与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数。
所述网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址还包括：
当所述网路器的输入状态为可输入状态并且地址锁定状态为未锁定状态时，所述网路器提取所述地址分发指令中的与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数并且存储所述起爆延期参数。
所述起爆延期参数包括起始延期和孔间延期，或者包括延期表。
本发明在使用四线制连接的起爆网络中，在网路器接入起爆网络后，通过起爆器设置网路器地址，无需事先为网路器写入地址，节约了爆破现场设备布设的时间和成本，同时提高了现场设备布设的灵活性。
附图说明
图1是四线制起爆网络连接示意图。
图2是根据本发明提供的起爆网络连接示意图；
图3是根据一个实施例的本发明提供的方法的流程图；
图4是网路器和电子雷管连接示意图；
图5是根据另一个实施例的本发明提供的方法的流程图；
图6a是等差延期设置示意图；
图6b是延期参数表。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图，对优选实施例作详细说明。应该强调的是，下述说明仅仅是示例性的，而不是为了限制本发明的范围及其应用。
在本发明中，术语“从机”指的是具有网路器或中继器功能的设备。
在基于RS485通信系统的起爆网络中，起爆器基于RS485通信协议向起爆网络发送指令，该指令是通播指令，网络中的所有网路器都能够收到该指令。但网路器不知晓该指令是否是发给自己的。因此，为了与某个确定的网路器进行通信，起爆器发送的指令中通常要包含该特定网路器的唯一属性，比如地址、ID等。本发明的技术难点就在于，在网路器中尚且不存在唯一属性时，无法与起爆器实现双向通信。
在本发明中，设置网路器的三个状态，分别为输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态。网路器通过这三个状态来确定是否接收起爆器的相关指令以及是否对起爆器进行应答。另外，网路器的这三个状态可以通过硬件和/或软件来实现。当然，本发明并不限于此，在不脱离本发明下面提供的具体实施例的精神指导的情况下，本领域技术人员还可以采用其他变形方式。
图2是根据发明提供的起爆网络连接示意图。在该实施例中，网路器通过四线制方式顺序连接，其中两条线并联在起爆器提供的起爆总线(RAS的A线和B线)上，一条线并联后接地，还有一条线是联络线，用于连接上一网路器的输出端和下一网路器的输入端。
在本发明提供的实施例中，分别以ADDR、LOCK和NEXT表示输入状 态、地址锁定状态和输出状态。当ADDR＝1时，表示输入状态为可输入状态；当ADDR＝0时，表示输入状态为不可输入状态。当LOCK＝1时，表示地址锁定状态为已锁定状态；当LOCK＝0时，表示地址锁定状态为未锁定状态。当NEXT＝1时，表示输出状态为可输出状态；当NEXT＝0时，表示输出状态为不可输出状态。
实施例1
图3是根据一个实施例的本发明提供的方法的流程图。如图3所示，本发明提供的一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法包括：
步骤101：起爆器发送地址初始化指令，所有网路器初始化自身状态。
由于起爆器发送的指令是通播指令，因此每个网路器都能够收到该地址初始化指令。网路器收到该地址初始化指令后，初始化自身状态。
在本实施例中，网路器的自身状态包括输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态，因此网路器初始化自身状态具体是：第一网路器将输入状态设置为可输入状态(即ADDR＝1)、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态(即LOCK＝0)并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态(即NEXT＝0)。其余网路器将输入状态设置为不可输入状态(即ADDR＝0)、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态(即NEXT＝0)并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态(即NEXT＝0)。
在上面描述中，第一网路器是起爆网络中，沿着起爆总线与起爆器距离最近的网路器，如图2中的第一网路器。需要说明的是，网路器通过输入端口是否接入联络线来判断是否是第一网路器。由于第一网路器之前没有网路器，所以其输入端口不接入联络线。而根据菊花链连接方式，其余网路器一定通过输入端口与之前的网路器相连。
步骤102：起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址分发指令，网路器根据自身状态存储电子雷管地址。
本实施例中，假设网路器地址为0x30。而该地址分发指令也是通播指令， 并且每个网路器都能够收到该地址分发指令。为了使确定的一个网路器存储该网路器地址，本发明采取如下手段：当网路器的输入状态为可输入状态(即ADDR＝1)并且地址锁定状态为未锁定状态(即LOCK＝0)时，该网路器提取地址分发指令中的网路器地址并存储提取的网路器地址。
由于在初始化设定过程中，只有第一网路器满足上述条件(即ADDR＝1并且LOCK＝0)，而其他网路器的ADDR＝0，所以只有第一网路器提取并存储地址分发指令中的网路器地址。
步骤103：起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址锁定指令，网路器根据网路器地址修改自身状态并且向起爆器发送应答信号。
在该步骤中，起爆器发送的地址锁定指令中的网路器地址，与前一个步骤(步骤102)中，地址分发指令中的网路器地址相同，即0x30。
该步骤的目的在于，修改刚刚存储网路器地址的网路器的参数。并通过刚刚存储网路器地址的网路器，修改与之相连的下一个网路器的输入状态。
该过程具体是：网路器判断地址锁定指令中的网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同。比如，地址锁定指令中的网路器地址为0x30，第一网路器自身存储的网路器地址为0x30，二者相同，则第一网路器将地址锁定状态修改为已锁定状态(即LOCK＝1)并且将输出状态修改为可输出状态(即NEXT＝1)。当第一网路器的输出状态修改为可输出状态(即NEXT＝1)后，由于联络线的存在，使得与第一网路器相连的第二网路器的输入状态被修改为可输入状态(即ADDR＝1)。此时，第一网路器的ADDR＝1，LOCK＝1且NEXT＝1。而第二网路器的ADDR＝1且LOCK＝0。这就为下一次循环设置第二网路器的地址做好了准备。
修改完设置后，该网路器要向起爆器发送应答信号，指示起爆器修改完成。
步骤104：如果起爆器收到应答信号，则返回步骤102；如果起爆器未收到应答信号，则结束。
如果起爆器收到应答信号，则说明有网路器存储了网路器地址并且修改了自身状态，此时返回步骤102，进行下一个网路器的设置。如果起爆器未收到应答信号，则说明所有网路器已经设置完毕。
返回步骤102后，起爆器发送另一个包含网路器地址(例如0x40)的地址分发指令。由于先前存储网路器地址的网路器(如第一网路器)的输入状态为可输入状态(即ADDR＝1)、地址锁定状态为已锁定状态(即LOCK＝1)、输出状态为可输出状态(即NEXT＝1)，因此先前存储网路器地址的网路器不再响应该地址分发指令而进行任何动作。而先前存储网路器地址的网路器的下一个网路器(如第二网路器)由于输入状态为可输入状态(即ADDR＝1)、地址锁定状态为未锁定状态(即LOCK＝0)，因此先前存储网路器地址的网路器的下一个网路器重复上述步骤102-103。其中上述步骤102和103中的第一网路器相应变为第二网路器，而第二网路器相应变为第三网路器。上述步骤102和103中的地址0x30也相应地换成新的地址如0x40。以此类推，完成所有网路器的地址存储。需要说明的是，本发明的上述步骤确保在每一个循环过程中，所有网路器中只有一个网路器满足ADDR＝1且LOCK＝0的条件，从而确保每次循环针对一个确定的网路器设置地址。
上述方法中，在所有网路器存储网路器地址后，还可包括起爆延期参数设置的步骤(步骤105)，具体是：起爆器发送包括网路器地址和与网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数的设置指令；网路器根据该设置指令中的网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同来确定是否存储起爆延期参数。当设置指令中的网路器地址与网路器自身存储的网路器地址相同时，网路器存储与该网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数。
由于每个网路器与一条起爆支路相连，而起爆支路上并联若干电子雷管(如图4)，因此网路器要负责为该起爆支路上的所有电子雷管设置起爆延期。起爆延期参数实际上就是与起爆支路上的所有电子雷管的起爆延期相关的参数。起 爆延期参数可以是起始延期和孔间延期，或者起爆延期参数可以是延期表。电子雷管的延期设置将在下文中描述。
实施例2
与实施例1在所有网路器存储网路器地址后设置起爆延期不同，本实施在每个网路器存储网路器地址的同时，存储起爆延期参数。
图5是根据一个实施例的本发明提供的方法的流程图。如图5所示，本发明提供的一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法包括：
步骤201：起爆器发送地址初始化指令，所有网路器初始化自身状态。
网路器收到该地址初始化指令后，初始化自身状态。具体是：第一网路器设置ADDR＝1、LOCK＝0并且NEXT＝0。其余网路器设置ADDR＝0、NEXT＝0并且NEXT＝0。
步骤202：起爆器发送包含网路器地址和与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数的地址分发指令，网路器根据自身状态存储网路器地址和起爆延期参数。
当网路器的输入状态为ADDR＝1并且LOCK＝0时，该网路器提取地址分发指令中的网路器地址和与该网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数，并且存储提取的网路器地址和起爆延期参数。本实施例中，假设该电子雷管地址为0x30。
步骤203：起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址锁定指令，网路器根据电子雷管地址修改自身状态并且向起爆器发送应答信号。
在该步骤中，起爆器发送的地址锁定指令中的网路器地址，与前一个步骤(步骤202)中，地址分发指令中的网路器地址相同，即0x30。
该步骤的目的在于，修改刚刚存储网路器地址的网路器的参数。并通过刚刚存储网路器地址的网路器，修改与之相连的下一个网路器的输入状态。网路器状态的具体修改与步骤103相同。
修改完设置后，该网路器要向起爆器发送应答信号，指示起爆器修改完成。
步骤204：如果起爆器收到应答信号，则返回步骤102；如果起爆器未收 到应答信号，则结束。
在所有网路器存储网路器地址和与网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数后，该方法结束。
现在返回图4，在每个网路器设置地址并存储起爆延期参数后，网路器可以为与自身相连的起爆支路中并联的电子雷管设置参数。
先以起爆延期参数为起始延期和孔间延期进行说明。假设起始延期为10ms，孔间延期为5ms。在一些类型的爆破中，例如在平面爆破中，一排爆破孔之间的起爆延期差值可能是相同的，即等差延期。比如，在图6a中，排中的每个爆破孔之间的起爆延期差值是5ms，排中的第一个爆破孔的起爆延期(起始延期)是10ms，则该排爆破孔中的每个爆破孔的起爆延期依次是10ms、15ms、20ms、...。
由于电子雷管是一个一个顺序并联入起爆支路的(直接并联或通过未示出的连接件)，因此当一个电子雷管接入起爆支路时，网路器会迅速为其设置网络地址，比如，当第一个电子雷管接入网络时，网路器为该电子雷管设置地址0x30：001。其中，“0x30”是网路器地址，“001”是电子雷管在起爆支路中的顺序号。基于此，起爆网络中的每个电子雷管可获得一个唯一的地址。
在网路器在为其起爆支路上并联的每个电子雷管设定网络地址后，可以根据为每个电子雷管写入起爆延期。比如，对于第三个爆破孔对应的电子雷管，其地址是0x30：003，此时网路器根据起始延期(10ms)、孔间延期(5ms)和顺序号3计算出该电子雷管的绝对起爆延期(真实起爆延期)为10+(3-1)*2＝20ms。那么网路器发送包含网络地址(0x30：003)和真实起爆延期20ms的起爆延期设置指令给电子雷管，电子雷管收到该指令后存储该真实起爆延期。
当然，在上面的实施例中，真实起爆延期也可由电子雷管计算，即网路器仅将起始延期和孔间延期发送至电子雷管，电子雷管根据顺序号、起始延期和 孔间延期计算并存储真实延期。
当然，在另一些类型的爆破中，一排爆破孔之间的起爆延期差值可能是不规律的，此时起爆延期参数可以是延期参数表，如图6b所示。在图6b示出的表中，左侧字段为电子雷管的顺序号，右侧字段为起爆延期。网路器根据接入起爆支路的电子雷管的顺序，向其发送顺序号和起爆延期。
在本发明中，输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态的设置和/或改变可以通过硬件和/或软件实现。以硬件实现为例，简单说明输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态的设置。在每个排延期控制模块中包括三个电压控制模块，分别为输入状态电压控制模块、地址锁定状态电压控制模块和输出状态电压控制模块。
在初始化时，第一网路器检测到输入端口没有联络线，则输入状态电压控制模块变为高电平，即ADDR＝1，而地址锁定状态电压控制模块和输出状态电压控制模块均变为低电平，即LOCK＝0且NEXT＝0。其余网路器的各个电压控制模块输出低电平，即ADDR＝0，LOCK＝0且NEXT＝0。
在第一网路器存储了网路器地址后，收到地址锁定指令时，第一网路器的地址锁定状态电压控制模块和输出状态电压控制模块均变为高电平，即LOCK＝1且NEXT＝1。由于第二网路器的输入端口通过联络线与第一网路器的输出端口相连，因此在第一网路器的NEXT＝1时，第二网路器的输入状态电压控制模块变为高电平，即ADDR＝1。依照此方式，各个网路器的各电压控制模块输出低电平或高电平，从而实现输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态的设置和/或改变。
网路器的输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态的设置和/或改变也可通过软件实现，这些都是本领域技术人员熟知的技术手段，本发明不再赘述。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，可轻易 想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种基于RS485通信系统的从机参数设置方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    步骤1：起爆器发送地址初始化指令，所有网路器初始化自身状态；
    步骤2：起爆器发送包含网路器地址的地址分发指令，网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址；
    步骤3：起爆器发送包含所述网路器地址的地址锁定指令，网路器根据所述网路器地址修改自身状态并且向起爆器发送应答信号；
    步骤4：如果所述起爆器收到所述应答信号，则返回步骤2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于所述自身状态包括输入状态、地址锁定状态和输出状态。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于所述所有网路器初始化自身状态具体是：
    第一网路器将输入状态设置为可输入状态、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态；
    其余网路器将输入状态设置为不可输入状态、将地址锁定状态设置为未锁定状态并且将输出状态设置为不可输出状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于所述网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址具体是：
    当所述网路器的输入状态为可输入状态并且地址锁定状态为未锁定状态时，所述网路器提取所述地址分发指令中的所述网路器地址并且存储所述网路器地址。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于所述网路器根据所述网路器地址修改自身状态具体是：
    所述网路器判断所述地址锁定指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同，如果所述地址锁定指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址相同，则所述网路器将地址锁定状态修改为已锁定状态并且将输出状态修改为可输出状态。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于所述网路器将输出状态修改为可输出状态导致与所述网路器相连的下一个网路器的输入状态被修改为可输入状态。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于所述方法进一步包括，起爆延期参数设置的步骤，具体是：
    所述起爆器发送包括所述网路器地址和与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数的设置指令；
    所述网路器根据所述设置指令中的所述网路器地址与自身存储的网路器地址是否相同来确定是否存储所述起爆延期参数。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于所述地址分发指令进一步包括与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于所述网路器根据自身状态存储所述网路器地址还包括：
    当所述网路器的输入状态为可输入状态并且地址锁定状态为未锁定状态时，所述网路器提取所述地址分发指令中的与所述网路器地址对应的起爆延期参数并且存储所述起爆延期参数。
  10. 根据权利要求7-9中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于所述起爆延期参数包括起始延期和孔间延期，或者包括延期表。
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