WO2017090155A1 - 電力制御装置、および電力制御システム - Google Patents
電力制御装置、および電力制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017090155A1 WO2017090155A1 PCT/JP2015/083233 JP2015083233W WO2017090155A1 WO 2017090155 A1 WO2017090155 A1 WO 2017090155A1 JP 2015083233 W JP2015083233 W JP 2015083233W WO 2017090155 A1 WO2017090155 A1 WO 2017090155A1
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- voltage
- maximum current
- secondary battery
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- battery cell
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/15—Preventing overcharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/13—Maintaining the SoC within a determined range
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/12—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
- B60L58/14—Preventing excessive discharging
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C7/00—Other locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of motive power plant used; Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of motive power
- B61C7/04—Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of engines, e.g. steam and IC engines
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
- G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1438—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle in combination with power supplies for loads other than batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/14—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
- H02J7/1469—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field
- H02J7/1492—Regulation of the charging current or voltage otherwise than by variation of field by means of controlling devices between the generator output and the battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/549—Current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
- H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
- H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
Definitions
- Embodiments described herein relate generally to a power control apparatus and a power control system.
- the charge state range is defined by electric capacity and set in a wide range, before reaching the upper and lower limit electric capacity, the upper and lower limit values of the closed circuit voltage of the battery are reached and the device stops, In some cases, the usable energy range is greatly limited. As described above, in the conventional technique, there is a case where the voltage limitation of the secondary battery cannot be performed accurately.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a power control device and a power control system that can more accurately limit the voltage of the secondary battery.
- the power control apparatus of the embodiment has an acquisition unit and a determination unit.
- An acquisition part acquires the information regarding the voltage at the time of charge of the secondary battery which can be charged / discharged.
- the determination unit tends to decrease as the difference between the upper limit voltage and the voltage of the secondary battery decreases based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit, and is limited by the upper limit current to charge the secondary battery. Determine the maximum current at the time.
- FIG. 1 The figure which shows an example of a structure of the electric power control system.
- FIG. The figure which illustrated transition of voltage Vc and maximum current Acellmax of battery cell 21 at the time of charge.
- FIG. 1 The figure which shows an example of a structure of the electric power control system.
- the flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process performed at the time of charge of the battery cell 21 by the maximum electric current determination part 56 of 2nd Embodiment.
- the flowchart which shows an example of the flow of the process performed at the time of discharge of the battery cell 21 by the maximum current determination part 56 of 2nd Embodiment.
- the flowchart which shows the other example of the flow of the process performed at the time of discharge of the battery cell 21 by the maximum electric current determination part 56 of 2nd Embodiment. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a mobile system 100 that uses a power control system 1.
- FIG. The figure which shows an example of a structure of the stationary electrical storage system 200 using the electric power control system.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a power control system 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the power control system 1 may include battery units 10-1, 10-2,..., 10-n (n is an arbitrary natural number), a power control device 50, an input device 70, and a control target 80.
- the present invention is not limited to this.
- the battery unit 10 when it is not distinguished which battery unit, it is simply expressed as the battery unit 10.
- the plurality of battery units 10 are connected to the control target 80 in parallel by the power line PL and supply power to the control target 80. Since each battery unit 10 has the same configuration (there may be some differences), in the figure, only the configuration of the battery unit 10-1 is shown in detail on behalf of a plurality of battery units. It is described.
- the battery unit 10 includes a plurality of battery modules 20 connected in series, a current sensor 30, and a BMU (Battery Management Unit) 40. Each component in the battery unit 10 is connected by an intra-unit communication line CL1. In the intra-unit communication line CL1, for example, communication based on CAN (Controller Area Network) is performed.
- CAN Controller Area Network
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of the battery module 20.
- the battery module 20 is an assembled battery (battery) to which a plurality of battery cells 21 are connected.
- the battery unit 10 and the battery unit 10 connected in parallel are also assembled batteries (batteries).
- a set of two battery cells 21 connected in parallel is connected in series. Not only this but the connection mode of the battery cell in the battery module 20 may be determined arbitrarily.
- Battery cell 21 is a rechargeable secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a lead storage battery, a sodium sulfur battery, a redox flow battery, or a nickel metal hydride battery.
- the battery cell 21 may be one using lithium titanate as a negative electrode material. 1 and 2, the configuration for charging the battery cell 21 is not shown.
- the battery module 20 further includes a CMU (Cell Monitoring Unit) 22, a plurality of voltage sensors 23, and a plurality of temperature sensors 24.
- the CMU 22 includes a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit), various storage devices, a CAN controller, and other communication interfaces.
- CPU Central Processing Unit
- the voltage sensor 23 measures the voltage of a set of battery cells 21 connected in parallel, for example. Further, an arbitrary number of temperature sensors 24 are attached to arbitrary locations in the battery module 20. The detection results of the voltage sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 24 are output to the CMU 22. The CMU 22 outputs the detection results of the voltage sensor 23 and the temperature sensor 24 to the BMU 40.
- the BMU 40 is connected to the plurality of CMUs 22 by the intra-unit communication line CL1, and is connected to the power control device 50 by the communication line CL2.
- the BMU 40 includes a processor such as a CPU, various storage devices, a CAN controller, and a communication interface corresponding to the communication line CL2. Note that the communication line CL2 may be omitted, and wireless communication may be performed between the BMU 40 and the power control device 50.
- the detection result of the current sensor 30 that detects the current flowing through the battery module 20 of the battery unit 10 is input to the BMU 40.
- the power control device 50 includes a processor such as a CPU, various storage devices, a communication interface corresponding to the communication line CL2, and the like.
- the power control device 50 controls the control target 80 based on information input from the plurality of BMUs 40 and operation information input from the input device 70.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a control-related configuration in the power control system 1.
- Information such as the voltage for each battery cell 21, the voltage of the battery module 20, and the temperature of the battery module 20 is provided from the CMU 22 to the BMU 40.
- the CMU 22 calculates the voltage of the battery module 20 by adding the voltage for each battery cell 21.
- the voltage of the battery module 20 may be calculated by adding the voltage for each battery cell 21 on the BMU 40 side.
- the BMU 40 calculates the SOC (State Of Charge) of each battery module 20 based on the detection result of the current sensor 30 (see FIG. 1). Note that the SOC of each battery module 20 (or the SOC of each battery cell 21) may be calculated by the CMU 22 based on the detection result of the voltage sensor 23 or the like.
- the BMU 40 outputs the voltage for each battery cell 21 input from the CMU 22, information about the voltage of the battery module 20, the temperature of the battery module 20, and the calculated SOC to the power control apparatus 50.
- the power control device 50 includes a processor such as a CPU, various storage devices, a communication interface corresponding to communication with the communication line CL2 and the control target 80, and the like.
- the power control device 50 includes an acquisition unit 52, a maximum current determination unit 56, a control amount determination unit 58, and a storage unit 60 as functional configurations.
- One or both of the maximum current determination unit 56 and the control amount determination unit 58 are realized by a processor such as a CPU executing a program stored in the storage unit 60.
- These functional units may be realized by hardware such as LSI (Large Scale Integration), ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), and FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array).
- the acquisition unit 52 includes a communication interface, and outputs information acquired from the BMU 40 to the maximum current determination unit 56 or causes the storage unit 60 to store the information.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 determines the maximum when the battery cell 21 is charged or discharged based on a comparison between the voltage of the battery cell 21 obtained from the information acquired by the acquisition unit 52 and the upper limit voltage VcMAX or the lower limit voltage VcMIN. Determine the current.
- the upper limit voltage VcMAX and the lower limit voltage VcMIN are predetermined values based on the viewpoint of suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the upper limit voltage VcMAX is set in advance based on the maximum usable voltage of the battery cell 21.
- the upper limit voltage VcMAX is preferably set to a value lower than the maximum usable voltage of the battery cell 21 with a control margin, but the upper limit voltage VcMAX matches the maximum usable voltage of the battery cell 21. You may let them.
- the lower limit voltage VcMIN is set in advance based on the minimum usable voltage of the battery cell 21.
- the lower limit voltage VcMIN is preferably set to a value higher than the minimum usable voltage of the battery cell 21 with a control margin, but the lower limit voltage VcMIN matches the minimum usable voltage of the battery cell 21. You may let them.
- the control amount determination unit 58 determines the control amount to be given to the control target 80 based on the operation information input from the input device 70 and the maximum current determined by the maximum current determination unit 56.
- the input device 70 may include a lever switch, a dial switch, various keys, a touch panel, and the like.
- the controlled object 80 may include a DC-AC converter that has a plurality of transistors and converts direct current into alternating current by switching control of the transistors.
- the control amount given to the controlled object 80 is, for example, a duty ratio in switching control.
- the control amount given to the control target 80 may include a command value such as an i-axis current or a q-axis current.
- the control target 80 may include a generator that generates electric power and supplies it to the battery unit 10, and a device that discards a part of the power supplied to the generator as heat (a device that limits the amount of power generation). Good.
- the function of the control amount determination unit 58 may be a function of a control device that is separate from the power control device 50.
- the power control device 50 outputs the maximum current determined by the maximum current determination unit 56 to the separate control device.
- the input device 70 is omitted from the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, and the control amount determination unit 58 controls the control amount to be given to the control target 80 based on the maximum current and other information determined by the maximum current determination unit 56. May be determined.
- the storage unit 60 is realized by various storage devices such as ROM (Read Only Memory), RAM (Random Access Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), and other flash memory devices.
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- HDD Hard Disk Drive
- SSD Solid State Drive
- other flash memory devices In addition to the program executed by the processor of the power control device 50, the storage unit 60 stores various types of information generated in the process of the conversion table 62, the maximum current determination unit 56 and the control amount determination unit 58.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing the processing content during charging by the maximum current determination unit 56.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 first obtains a difference ⁇ V by subtracting the maximum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 from the upper limit voltage VcMAX of the battery cell 21.
- the upper limit voltage VcMAX is a predetermined value from the viewpoint of efficiently using the battery cell 21 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 treats the voltage at zero current converted from the SOC of the battery cell 21 using the conversion table 62 as the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21.
- the conversion table 62 is a table that defines the relationship between the SOC obtained in advance and the voltage at zero current.
- the upper limit current Alim is a predetermined value from the viewpoint of suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the upper limit current Alim is set in advance based on the maximum charge / discharge current (specifically maximum current A *) in the specification of the battery module 20 or the battery cell 21.
- the upper limit current Alim is preferably set to a value smaller than the maximum current A * in terms of specifications with a control margin, but the upper limit current Alim and the maximum current A * in terms of specifications may be matched.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the transition of the voltage Vc and the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 during charging.
- the current is an absolute value that does not consider the direction.
- the maximum current Acellmax remains constant at the upper limit current Alim, and the difference ⁇ V between the voltage Vc and the upper limit voltage VcMAX.
- the difference ⁇ V tends to decrease as the difference ⁇ V decreases.
- the increase in the voltage Vc slows down, and changes asymptotically to the upper limit voltage VcMAX.
- the power control device 50 of the embodiment it is possible to accurately limit the voltage of the battery cell 21.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram schematically showing the processing contents at the time of discharging by the maximum current determining unit 56.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 first obtains a difference ⁇ V by subtracting the lower limit voltage VcMIN of the battery cell 21 from the minimum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21.
- the lower limit voltage VcMIN is a predetermined value from the viewpoint of efficiently using the battery cell 21 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 multiplies the difference ⁇ V by a gain K. Then, the multiplication result K ⁇ V is limited by the upper limit current Alim, and the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is calculated. As a result, the voltage Vc and the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 during charging change as shown in FIG. 7, for example.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the transition of the voltage Vc and the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 during discharge.
- the current is an absolute value that does not consider the direction.
- the maximum current Acellmax is constant at the upper limit current Alim when the difference ⁇ V between the voltage Vc and the lower limit voltage VcMIN is sufficiently large, and the difference ⁇ V between the voltage Vc and the lower limit voltage VcMIN.
- the difference ⁇ V tends to decrease as the difference ⁇ V decreases.
- the decrease in the voltage Vc slows down and changes asymptotically to the lower limit voltage VcMIN.
- the power control device 50 of the embodiment it is possible to accurately limit the voltage of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 multiplies the maximum current Acellmax allowed per battery cell 21 by the module parallel number np_cell to calculate the maximum current Acellmod allowed per battery module 20.
- the module parallel number np_cell is the parallel number of the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20. In the example of FIG. 2, the module parallel number np_cell is 2.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 calculates the system maximum current Amax by multiplying the maximum current Acellmod allowed per battery module 20 by the system parallel number np_mod.
- the system maximum current Amax is the sum of the maximum currents that the battery units 10 are allowed to charge / discharge in the power control system 1 and is the maximum current supplied to the controlled object 80 by the power line PL.
- the system parallel number np_mod is the system parallel number, that is, the parallel number of the battery modules 20. In the example of FIG. 1, the system parallel number np_mod is n.
- the control amount determination unit 58 sets the control amount to be given to the control target 80 based on the operation information input from the input device 70 with the system maximum current Amax as the upper limit value. For example, the control amount determination unit 58 first determines a primary command value of the power generation amount to be given to the controlled object 80 based on the operation information input from the input device 70, and the primary command value corresponds to the system maximum current Amax. If the power generation amount is not exceeded, the primary command value is given to the control object 80 as a control amount, and if the primary command value exceeds the power generation amount corresponding to the system maximum current Amax, the power generation amount corresponding to the system maximum current Amax. Is given to the controlled object 80 as a controlled variable.
- a common gain K may be used for charging and discharging, but a different gain K may be used for charging and discharging.
- the gain K may be determined based on the voltage / current characteristics of the battery cell 21.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the voltage / current characteristics of the battery cell 21 and the gain K.
- the vertical axis represents the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21, and the horizontal axis represents the integrated value of the charge / discharge current (may be considered as SOC).
- the slope G1 of the characteristic curve at the intersection P1 between the curve (hereinafter referred to as the characteristic curve) indicating the voltage / current characteristics of the battery cell 21 and the upper limit voltage VcMAX, and the characteristic curve at the intersection P2 between the characteristic curve and the lower limit voltage VcMIN.
- the slope G2 is compared. If the slope G1 is larger than the slope G2, the gain K during charging is larger than the gain K during discharging. If the slope G1 is smaller than the slope G2, the gain K during charging is set at the time of discharging. It is preferable to make it smaller than the gain K.
- the upper limit current Alim during charging may be different from the upper limit current Alim during discharging.
- a maximum current determining unit 56 that determines the maximum current Acellmax during charging of the battery cell 21 with a tendency to decrease as the difference between the upper limit voltage VcMAX and the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 decreases and is limited by the upper limit current Alim; In the system in which a relatively large current flows, the voltage of the battery cell 21 can be more accurately limited.
- a maximum current determining unit 56 that determines the maximum current Acellmax during discharging of the battery cell 21 with a tendency to decrease as the difference between the lower limit voltage VcMIN and the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 decreases and is limited by the upper limit current Alim; In the system in which a relatively large current flows, the voltage of the battery cell 21 can be more accurately limited.
- the system maximum current Amax is calculated based on the maximum value or the minimum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21, there is an individual difference for each battery cell 21.
- the control on the safe side according to the progress state of can be performed.
- the power control device 50 according to the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the processing content of the maximum current determination unit 56 and is common in other respects. Accordingly, FIGS. 1 to 3 are used for the configuration, and descriptions of common portions are omitted.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment charges the battery cell 21 based on a comparison between the voltage of the battery cell 21 obtained from the information acquired by the acquisition unit 52 and the upper limit voltage VcMAX or the lower limit voltage VcMIN. Determine the maximum current during discharge or discharge.
- the voltage at the time of zero current converted from the SOC of the battery cell 21 using the conversion table 62 is handled as the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment determines the maximum current Acellmax when the battery cell 21 is repeatedly charged in a predetermined cycle, and the difference between the upper limit voltage VcMAX and the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 is the first predetermined voltage V1. If it is less than the maximum current Acellmax at the time of charging the battery cell 21, the value obtained by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ from the previously determined maximum current Acellmax is determined.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment repeatedly determines the maximum current Acellmax at the time of discharging the battery cell 21 at a predetermined cycle, and the difference between the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 and the lower limit voltage VcMIN is the second predetermined voltage. When it is less than V2, the maximum current Acellmax at the time of charging the battery cell 21 is determined by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ from the previously determined maximum current Acellmax.
- FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of processing executed when the battery cell 21 is charged by the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is repeatedly executed at a predetermined cycle.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 selects the maximum value of the battery cell 21 (step S100).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 calculates a difference ⁇ V by subtracting the maximum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 from the upper limit voltage VcMAX of the battery cell 21 (step S102).
- the upper limit voltage VcMAX is a predetermined value from the viewpoint of efficiently using the battery cell 21 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ V is less than the first predetermined voltage V1 (step S104). When the difference ⁇ V is not less than the first predetermined voltage V1, the maximum current determination unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 as the upper limit current Alim (step S106).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 steps the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 from the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. It is determined by subtracting the voltage ⁇ (step S108). However, when the value obtained by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ becomes a negative value, the maximum current determining unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax to be zero (or a relatively small predetermined value).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating the transition of the voltage Vc and the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 at the time of charging, which is generated as a result of performing the processing shown in FIG.
- the current is an absolute value that does not consider the direction.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is maintained at the upper limit current Alim.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is determined so as to decrease by step voltage ⁇ every control cycle and approach zero.
- the increase in the voltage Vc slows down and gradually changes to the upper limit voltage VcMAX.
- the power control device 50 of the embodiment it is possible to accurately limit the voltage of the battery cell 21.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a flow of processing executed when the battery cell 21 is discharged by the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is repeatedly executed at a predetermined cycle.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 selects the minimum value of the battery cell 21 (step S200).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 obtains a difference ⁇ V by subtracting the lower limit voltage VcMIN of the battery cell 21 from the minimum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 (step S202).
- the lower limit voltage VcMIN is a predetermined value from the viewpoint of efficiently using the battery cell 21 while suppressing the deterioration of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ V is less than the second predetermined voltage V2 (step S204). When the difference ⁇ V is not less than the second predetermined voltage V2, the maximum current determination unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 as the upper limit current Alim (step S206).
- the first predetermined voltage V1 and the second predetermined voltage V2 may be the same value or different values.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 sets the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 from the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. It is determined by subtracting the voltage ⁇ (step S208). However, when the value obtained by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ becomes a negative value, the maximum current determining unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax to be zero (or a relatively small predetermined value).
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating the transition of the voltage Vc and the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 at the time of discharging, which is generated as a result of performing the processing shown in FIG.
- the current is an absolute value that does not consider the direction.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is maintained at the upper limit current Alim.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is determined to decrease by the step voltage ⁇ every control cycle and approach zero.
- the decrease in the voltage Vc slows down and gradually changes to the lower limit voltage VcMIN.
- the power control device 50 of the embodiment it is possible to accurately limit the voltage of the battery cell 21.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 multiplies the maximum current Acellmax allowed per battery cell 21 by the module parallel number np_cell to calculate the maximum current Acellmod allowed per battery module 20.
- the module parallel number np_cell is the parallel number of the battery cells 21 in the battery module 20. In the example of FIG. 2, the module parallel number np_cell is 2.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 calculates the system maximum current Amax by multiplying the maximum current Acellmod allowed per battery module 20 by the system parallel number np_mod.
- the system maximum current Amax is the sum of the maximum currents that the battery units 10 are allowed to charge / discharge in the power control system 1 and is the maximum current supplied to the controlled object 80 by the power line PL.
- the system parallel number np_mod is the system parallel number, that is, the parallel number of the battery modules 20. In the example of FIG. 1, the system parallel number np_mod is n.
- the control amount determination unit 58 sets the control amount to be given to the control target 80 based on the operation information input from the input device 70 with the system maximum current Amax as the upper limit value. For example, the control amount determination unit 58 first determines a primary command value of the power generation amount to be given to the controlled object 80 based on the operation information input from the input device 70, and the primary command value corresponds to the system maximum current Amax. If the power generation amount is not exceeded, the primary command value is given to the control object 80 as a control amount, and if the primary command value exceeds the power generation amount corresponding to the system maximum current Amax, the power generation amount corresponding to the system maximum current Amax. Is given to the controlled object 80 as a controlled variable.
- a common step voltage ⁇ may be used during charging and discharging, but a different step voltage ⁇ may be used during charging and discharging.
- the step voltage ⁇ may be determined based on the voltage / current characteristics of the battery cell 21. This will be described with reference to FIG. Similar to the first embodiment, the curve G1 of the characteristic curve and the lower limit voltage VcMIN of the characteristic curve and the lower limit voltage VcMIN at the intersection P1 between the curve (hereinafter, characteristic curve) indicating the voltage / current characteristic of the battery cell 21 and the upper limit voltage VcMAX The slope G2 of the characteristic curve at the intersection P2 is compared.
- the step voltage ⁇ during charging is made larger than the step voltage ⁇ during discharging, and if the slope G1 is smaller than the slope G2, charging is performed.
- the step voltage ⁇ at the time may be smaller than the step voltage ⁇ at the time of discharge.
- the first predetermined voltage V1 is greater than the second predetermined voltage V2
- the first predetermined voltage V1 is greater than the second predetermined voltage V2. It is better to make it smaller. By so doing, it is possible to limit the maximum current Acellmax earlier on the steep side, and more appropriately prevent overcharge and overdischarge.
- the upper limit current Alim during charging may be different from the upper limit current Alim during discharging.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 is determined as the upper limit current Alim, that is, when the difference ⁇ V is equal to or greater than the first predetermined voltage V1.
- the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 may be returned step by step to make it approach the upper limit current Alim. As a result, the current control can be made more gradual.
- the flow of processing in this case will be described.
- FIG. 13 is a flowchart showing another example of the flow of processing executed when the battery cell 21 is charged by the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is repeatedly executed at a predetermined cycle.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 selects the maximum value of the battery cell 21 (step S300).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 subtracts the maximum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 from the upper limit voltage VcMAX of the battery cell 21 to obtain a difference ⁇ V (step S302).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ V is less than the first predetermined voltage V1 (step S304). When the difference ⁇ V is not less than the first predetermined voltage V1, the maximum current determination unit 56 returns the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 to the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. The voltage ⁇ is added and determined (step S306). However, if the value obtained by adding the step voltage ⁇ exceeds the upper limit current Alim, the maximum current determination unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax as the upper limit current Alim.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 steps the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 from the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. It is determined by subtracting the voltage ⁇ (step S308). However, when the value obtained by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ becomes a negative value, the maximum current determining unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax to be zero (or a relatively small predetermined value).
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing another example of the flow of processing executed when the battery cell 21 is discharged by the maximum current determination unit 56 of the second embodiment. The processing of this flowchart is repeatedly executed at a predetermined cycle.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 selects the minimum value of the battery cell 21 (step S400). Next, the maximum current determination unit 56 subtracts the lower limit voltage VcMIN of the battery cell 21 from the minimum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 to obtain the difference ⁇ V (step S402).
- the maximum current determination unit 56 determines whether or not the difference ⁇ V is less than the second predetermined voltage V2 (step S404). When the difference ⁇ V is not less than the second predetermined voltage V2, the maximum current determination unit 56 returns the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 to the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. The voltage ⁇ is added and determined (step S406). However, if the value obtained by adding the step voltage ⁇ exceeds the upper limit current Alim, the maximum current determination unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax as the upper limit current Alim.
- the maximum current determination unit 56 sets the maximum current Acellmax per battery cell 21 from the maximum current Acellmax determined when one routine of this flowchart was executed last time. It is determined by subtracting the voltage ⁇ (step S408). However, when the value obtained by subtracting the step voltage ⁇ becomes a negative value, the maximum current determining unit 56 determines the maximum current Acellmax to be zero (or a relatively small predetermined value).
- the voltage of the battery cell 21 can be more accurately limited in a system in which a relatively large current flows, as in the first embodiment.
- the power control device 50 of the second embodiment since the maximum current Acellmax is decreased for each step voltage ⁇ , it is possible to prevent the value of the determined maximum current Acellmax from oscillating.
- the system maximum current Amax is calculated based on the maximum value or the minimum value of the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21, there is an individual difference for each battery cell 21.
- the control on the safe side according to the progress state of can be performed.
- the power control device 50 determines the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 so that the voltage of the battery cell 21 does not exceed the upper limit voltage VcMAX at the time of charging, and the battery cell 21 at the time of discharging. Both the determination of the maximum current Acellmax of the battery cell 21 is executed so that the voltage does not fall below the lower limit voltage VcMIN, but only one of them may be executed.
- the power control system 1 may include only one battery unit 10, for example.
- the power control device 50 may be integrated into the BMU 40.
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of the mobile system 100 using the power control system 1.
- the mobile system 100 is, for example, a system that drives a hybrid railway vehicle (hereinafter referred to as a vehicle).
- Mobile system 100 includes power control system 1, and further includes an engine 110, a generator 120, an AC-DC converter 130, and wheels 140.
- a plurality of battery units are represented as the battery unit 10 as a representative.
- Engine 110 outputs power by burning fuel such as gasoline.
- the generator 120 generates power using the power output from the engine 110.
- the AC-DC converter 130 converts the two-phase or three-phase alternating current output from the generator 120 into direct current and outputs the direct current.
- the power line PL extending from the battery unit 10 is integrated with the output side power line of the AC-DC converter 130 via the DC link circuit and connected to the power converter 81.
- a power conversion device 81, a motor 82, and a mechanical brake 83 are shown as the control target 80 of the power control device 50.
- the power converter 81 converts the input direct current into alternating current and outputs it to the motor 82, or converts the electric power regenerated by the motor 82 into direct current and provides it to the battery unit 10.
- the motor 82 drives the vehicle by rotationally driving the wheels 140, or performs regeneration to generate electric power when the vehicle is decelerated.
- the mechanical brake 83 is a device that decelerates the vehicle by mechanical action.
- the mobile system 100 includes a master controller that can input a notch instruction and a brake instruction as the input device 70.
- the power control device 50 calculates the power to be output to the wheels 140 based on the notch instruction that is the operation information input from the master controller 70, and uses the power that can be output from the engine 110 from this. By subtracting, the electric power discharged from the battery unit 10 is calculated. Then, the power control device 50 calculates the current flowing from the battery unit 10 based on the power discharged from the battery unit 10, and determines whether or not the calculated current exceeds the system maximum current Amax described above. When the calculated current exceeds system maximum current Amax, power control device 50 outputs an instruction to limit the duty ratio applied to power conversion device 81 or increase the power output from engine 110 to an engine control device (not shown). To do.
- the power control device 50 calculates power that can be regenerated by acting on the wheels 140 based on a brake instruction that is operation information input from the master controller 70, and based on the power that can be regenerated. Then, the power that can be charged in the battery unit 10 is calculated. Then, the power control device 50 calculates the current flowing into the battery unit 10 based on the power that can be charged in the battery unit 10, and determines whether the calculated current exceeds the system maximum current Amax described above. . When the calculated current exceeds the system maximum current Amax, the power control device 50 performs control such as operating the mechanical brake 83 to limit the power generated by the motor 82.
- FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a stationary power storage system 200 using the power control system 1.
- the generator 210 is a solar panel (PV) or a fuel cell (FC).
- Converter 220 is an AC-DC converter when generator 210 generates alternating current, and is a DC-DC converter when generator 210 generates direct current.
- the control target 80 is, for example, a PCS (Power Conditioning System).
- the PCS is connected to the system power SP and the load L via the transformer T. As a result, the power generated by the generator 210 is supplied to the system power SP while being stored in the battery unit 10.
- the power control apparatus 50 controls the control target 80 so that the current flowing out from the battery unit 10 does not exceed the system maximum current Amax.
- the power control apparatus 50 performs control so that the duty ratio given to the PCS does not exceed the duty ratio corresponding to the system maximum current Amax.
- the generator 210 and the converter 220 may be included in the control target in this case, and the power control device 50 includes the generator 210 and the converter 220 so that the current flowing into the battery unit 10 does not exceed the system maximum current Amax. May be controlled.
- the acquisition unit 52 that acquires information about the voltage at the time of charging of the chargeable / dischargeable battery cell 21, and the upper limit voltage VcMAX based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 52
- a maximum current determining unit 56 that determines the maximum current Acellmax during charging of the battery cell 21, which tends to decrease as the difference from the voltage Vc of the battery cell 21 decreases and is limited by the upper limit current Alim. In a system in which a relatively large current flows, the voltage of the battery cell 21 can be more accurately limited.
- the acquisition unit 52 that acquires information about the voltage at the time of discharging the chargeable / dischargeable battery cell 21, and the lower limit voltage VcMIN and the battery based on the information acquired by the acquisition unit 52
- a maximum current determining unit 56 that determines the maximum current Acellmax at the time of discharging of the battery cell 21 with a tendency to decrease as the difference from the voltage Vc of the cell 21 decreases and is limited by the upper limit current Alim, In a system in which a relatively large current flows, the voltage of the battery cell 21 can be more accurately limited.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1の実施形態の電力制御システム1の構成の一例を示す図である。電力制御システム1は、電池ユニット10-1、10-2、…、10-n(nは任意の自然数)と、電力制御装置50と、入力装置70と、制御対象80とを含んでよいが、これに限定されない。以下、いずれの電池ユニットであるかを区別しないときは、単に電池ユニット10と表記する。
以下、第2の実施形態について説明する。第2の実施形態の電力制御装置50は、最大電流決定部56の処理内容が第1の実施形態と相違し、その他の点では共通する。従って、構成については図1~3を援用すると共に、共通部分についての説明を省略する。
上記各実施形態において、電力制御装置50は、充電時において電池セル21の電圧が上限電圧VcMAXを超えないように、電池セル21の最大電流Acellmaxを決定することと、放電時において電池セル21の電圧が下限電圧VcMINを下回らないように、電池セル21の最大電流Acellmaxを決定することとの双方を実行するものとしたが、これらの一方のみを実行してもよい。
以下、電力制御システム1の適用例について説明する。図15は、電力制御システム1を利用した移動体システム100の構成の一例を示す図である。移動体システム100は、例えば、ハイブリッド鉄道車両(以下、車両)を駆動するシステムである。移動体システム100は、電力制御システム1を含み、更に、エンジン110と、発電機120と、AC-DCコンバータ130と、車輪140とを備える。なお、図15および後述する図16では、複数の電池ユニットを代表して電池ユニット10として表している。
Claims (8)
- 充放電可能な二次電池の充電時における電圧に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部により取得された情報に基づいて、上限電圧と前記二次電池の電圧との差分が小さくなるほど小さくなる傾向で、且つ上限電流で制限して、前記二次電池の充電時における最大電流を決定する決定部と、
を備える電力制御装置。 - 前記決定部は、前記上限電圧と前記二次電池の電圧との差分にゲインを乗算し、前記乗算した結果を前記上限電流で制限して、前記二次電池の充電時における最大電流を決定する、
請求項1記載の電力制御装置。 - 前記決定部は、所定周期で繰り返し前記二次電池の充電時における最大電流を決定し、前記上限電圧と前記二次電池の電圧との差分が第1所定電圧未満である場合に、前回決定した最大電流からステップ電圧を差し引いた値に、前記二次電池の充電時における最大電流を決定する、
請求項1記載の電力制御装置。 - 充放電可能な二次電池の放電時における電圧に関する情報を取得する取得部と、
前記取得部により取得された情報に基づいて、前記二次電池の電圧と下限電圧との差分が小さくなるほど小さくなる傾向で、且つ上限電流で制限して、前記二次電池の放電時における最大電流を決定する決定部と、
を備える電力制御装置。 - 前記決定部は、前記二次電池の電圧と前記下限電圧との差分にゲインを乗算し、前記乗算した結果を前記上限電流で制限して、前記二次電池の放電時における最大電流を決定する、
請求項4記載の電力制御装置。 - 前記決定部は、所定周期で繰り返し前記二次電池の放電時における最大電流を決定し、前記二次電池の電圧と前記下限電圧との差分が第2所定電圧未満である場合に、前回決定した最大電流からステップ電圧を差し引いた値に、前記二次電池の放電時における最大電流を決定する、
請求項4記載の電力制御装置。 - 前記取得部は、前記二次電池の充電率を、前記電圧に関する情報として取得し、
前記決定部は、前記二次電池の充電率から換算した電圧を前記二次電池の電圧として扱う、
請求項1または4記載の電力制御装置。 - 請求項1または4記載の電力制御装置と、
一または複数の前記二次電池と、
を備える電力制御システム。
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CN201580047260.7A CN107005077B (zh) | 2015-11-26 | 2015-11-26 | 电力控制装置以及电力控制系统 |
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JPWO2017090155A1 (ja) | 2017-11-24 |
EP3382850A1 (en) | 2018-10-03 |
JP6313522B2 (ja) | 2018-04-18 |
EP3382850A4 (en) | 2019-08-07 |
CN107005077A (zh) | 2017-08-01 |
US10525835B2 (en) | 2020-01-07 |
US20170182907A1 (en) | 2017-06-29 |
CN107005077B (zh) | 2020-05-05 |
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