WO2017073169A1 - Élément d'électrophorèse, dispositif d'affichage, et équipement électronique - Google Patents

Élément d'électrophorèse, dispositif d'affichage, et équipement électronique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017073169A1
WO2017073169A1 PCT/JP2016/076096 JP2016076096W WO2017073169A1 WO 2017073169 A1 WO2017073169 A1 WO 2017073169A1 JP 2016076096 W JP2016076096 W JP 2016076096W WO 2017073169 A1 WO2017073169 A1 WO 2017073169A1
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Prior art keywords
electrophoretic
porous layer
particles
fibrous structure
migrating particles
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PCT/JP2016/076096
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
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綾 首藤
美成子 渡辺
小林　健
貝野　由利子
阿部　康之
健太郎 佐藤
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ソニー株式会社
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Publication of WO2017073169A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017073169A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1677—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/166—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect
    • G02F1/167—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect by electrophoresis
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
    • G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
    • G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
    • G09F9/37—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being movable elements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an electrophoretic element, a display device using the same, and an electronic apparatus.
  • Examples of such a display device include various displays such as a cholesteric liquid crystal type, an electrophoretic type, an electrooxidation reduction type, and a twist ball type.
  • a reflection type display device is advantageous. This is because a reflective display device performs display using reflection (scattering) of external light, as with paper, so that a display quality closer to that of paper can be obtained.
  • Patent Documents 1 to 4 propose a reflection type display device using an electrophoretic phenomenon.
  • an electrophoretic element in which electrophoretic particles are dispersed and a porous layer is disposed in an insulating liquid is provided with a charged layer having a polarity opposite to that of the electrophoretic particles.
  • the memory property non-volatility
  • Patent Documents 2 and 3 memory performance can be improved by adding a polymer to the migrating particles to cause depletion and aggregation.
  • memory property can be improved by aggregating electrophoretic particles using silica.
  • Patent Document 1 improves the memory performance, it takes time to peel off the migrating particles from the charged layer, which may reduce the responsiveness.
  • the polymer that covers or is modified by the electrophoretic particles inhibits the movement of the electrophoretic particles, resulting in a slow response.
  • the method of Patent Document 4 since the agglomerated migrating particles are difficult to peel off, the response is slow. As described above, there is a problem that the response is lowered while the memory performance is improved.
  • An electrophoretic element includes, in an insulating liquid, an electrophoretic particle, and a porous layer having a light reflectivity different from the electrophoretic particle and including a plurality of holes through which the electrophoretic particle passes. And the average pore diameter of the porous layer is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the migrating particles.
  • a display device includes the electrophoretic element according to the embodiment of the present disclosure described above between a pair of electrodes.
  • An electronic apparatus includes the display device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrophoretic particles are loosened in the display state after one voltage is applied and the electrophoretic particles move to one side of the porous layer.
  • the apparent particle size of the migrating particles increases.
  • the average pore size of the porous layer is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle size of the migrating particles
  • the apparent particle size of the migrating particles becomes larger than the pore size of the porous layer.
  • the migrating particles are physically supported by the porous layer. In this display state, the migrating particles are only gently gathered, so when another voltage is applied, the migrating particles are easily separated and move through the insulating liquid and pass through the porous layer. be able to.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous layer is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the electrophoretic particles.
  • the apparent particle size of the migrating particles is larger than the pore size of the porous layer, and the migrating particles can be physically supported by the porous layer.
  • memory property improves.
  • the migrating particles are easily separated from each other, and thus mobility (responsiveness) is not easily inhibited. Therefore, it is possible to improve the memory performance while suppressing a decrease in responsiveness.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of the display device shown in FIG. 1.
  • 14 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of application example 1.
  • FIG. 4B is a perspective view illustrating another example of the electronic book illustrated in FIG. 4A.
  • 12 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of application example 2.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view illustrating an appearance of application example 3.
  • FIG. 6B is a perspective view illustrating another display example of the electronic timepiece illustrated in FIG. 6A.
  • Embodiment Example of display device having an electrophoretic element in which the ratio of the average pore diameter of the porous layer to the average particle diameter of the electrophoretic particles is within a predetermined range
  • Configuration of electrophoretic element 1-2.
  • Configuration of display device 1-3. Effect 2.
  • Example 3. Application examples
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a cross-sectional configuration of a display device (display device 1) including an electrophoretic element (electrophoretic element 30) according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 generates contrast using an electrophoretic phenomenon, and is used as a display body of various electronic devices such as tablets.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 includes electrophoretic particles 32 and a porous layer 33 having pores H in an insulating liquid 31.
  • FIG. 1 schematically illustrates the configuration of the display device 1 including the electrophoretic element 30 and may differ from actual dimensions and shapes.
  • the insulating liquid 31 is made of, for example, an organic solvent such as paraffin or isoparaffin.
  • an organic solvent such as paraffin or isoparaffin.
  • one kind of organic solvent may be used, or a plurality of kinds of organic solvents may be used. It is desirable to make the refractive index of the insulating liquid 31 as low as possible. When the refractive index of the insulating liquid 31 is lowered, the difference in refractive index between the insulating liquid 31 and the porous layer 33 is increased, and the reflectance of the porous layer 33 is increased.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the insulating liquid 31, for example it is desirably 1.0 mm 2 / sec or more 5.0 mm 2 / sec or less, that for example is 1.0 mm 2 / sec or more 3.0 mm 2 / sec More desirable. This is because responsiveness and reflectance can be increased.
  • a coloring agent for example, a coloring agent, a charge adjusting agent, a dispersion stabilizer, a viscosity adjusting agent, a surfactant, or a resin may be added to the insulating liquid 31.
  • the migrating particles 32 dispersed in the insulating liquid 31 are one or more charged particles, and each is positively or negatively charged.
  • the migrating particles 32 have arbitrary optical characteristics (light reflectivity, light reflectivity), and a contrast (CR) is generated due to the difference between the light reflectivity of the migrating particles 32 and the light reflectivity of the porous layer 33. It is like that.
  • the migrating particles 32 may be brightly displayed and the porous layer 33 may be darkly displayed, or the migrating particles 32 may be darkly displayed and the porous layer 33 may be brightly displayed.
  • the migrating particles 32 When the migrating particles 32 are brightly displayed, the migrating particles 32 are visually recognized as, for example, white or a color close to white, and when darkly displayed, they are visually recognized as, for example, black or a color close to black.
  • the color of the migrating particles 32 is not particularly limited as long as it produces a contrast with respect to the porous layer 33.
  • the migrating particles 32 are made of particles (powder) such as organic pigments, inorganic pigments, dyes, carbon materials, metal materials, metal oxides, glass, or polymer materials (resins). One of these may be used for the migrating particles 32, or two or more of them may be used.
  • the migrating particles 32 may be composed of pulverized particles or capsule particles of resin solids containing the particles. Note that materials corresponding to the carbon material, metal material, metal oxide, glass, or polymer material are excluded from materials corresponding to organic pigments, inorganic pigments, or dyes.
  • the particle size of the migrating particles 32 is, for example, 30 nm or more and 300 nm or less.
  • the particle size of the migrating particles 32 is a so-called primary particle size (minimum unit of particle size).
  • the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32 is configured to have a predetermined ratio with the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33 described later.
  • the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32 is measured in a solution in which the migrating particles 32 are dispersed (electrophoretic particle dispersion).
  • organic pigments examples include azo pigments, metal complex azo pigments, polycondensed azo pigments, flavanthrone pigments, benzimidazolone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, quinacridone pigments, anthraquinone pigments, and perylene pigments.
  • Inorganic pigments include, for example, zinc white, antimony white, iron black, titanium boride, bengara, mapico yellow, red lead, cadmium yellow, zinc sulfide, lithopone, barium sulfide, cadmium selenide, calcium carbonate, barium sulfate, lead chromate Lead sulfate, barium carbonate, lead white or alumina white.
  • the dye include nigrosine dyes, azo dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, quinophthalone dyes, anthraquinone dyes, and methine dyes.
  • the carbon material is, for example, carbon black.
  • the metal material is, for example, gold, silver or copper.
  • metal oxides include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, barium titanate, potassium titanate, copper-chromium oxide, copper-manganese oxide, copper-iron-manganese oxide, and copper-chromium-manganese oxide. Or copper-iron-chromium oxide.
  • the polymer material is, for example, a polymer compound in which a functional group having a light absorption region in the visible light region is introduced. If it is a high molecular compound which has a light absorption area
  • the specific material of the migrating particles 32 is selected according to, for example, the role that the migrating particles 32 play in causing contrast.
  • a metal oxide such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, barium titanate or potassium titanate is used for the migrating particles 32.
  • the migrating particles 32 may be, for example, a carbon material such as carbon black or copper-chromium oxide, copper-manganese oxide, copper-iron-manganese oxide, copper-chromium-manganese oxide.
  • metal oxides such as copper-iron-chromium oxide are used.
  • Electrophoretic particles 32 made of a carbon material exhibit excellent chemical stability, mobility and light absorption.
  • the content (concentration) of the migrating particles 32 in the insulating liquid 31 is not particularly limited, and is, for example, 0.1 wt% to 10 wt%. In this concentration range, the shielding and mobility of the migrating particles 32 are ensured. Specifically, if the content of the migrating particles 32 is less than 0.1% by weight, the migrating particles 32 are less likely to shield (conceal) the porous layer 33, and there is a possibility that sufficient contrast cannot be generated. is there. On the other hand, if the content of the migrating particles 32 is more than 10% by weight, the dispersibility of the migrating particles 32 is lowered, so that the migrating particles 32 are difficult to migrate and may aggregate.
  • the migrating particles 32 are easily dispersed and charged in the insulating liquid 31 for a long period of time and are difficult to be adsorbed on the porous layer 33. For this reason, for example, a dispersant is added to the insulating liquid 31.
  • a dispersant and a charge control agent may be used in combination.
  • This dispersing agent or charge adjusting agent has, for example, a positive or negative charge, or both, and increases the amount of charge in the insulating liquid 31 and causes the migrating particles 32 to move by electrostatic repulsion. It is for dispersing.
  • a dispersant examples include Solsperce series manufactured by Lubrizol, BYK series or Anti-Terra series manufactured by BYK-Chemical, or Span series manufactured by TCI America.
  • the migrating particles 32 may be subjected to a surface treatment.
  • This surface treatment is, for example, rosin treatment, surfactant treatment, pigment derivative treatment, coupling agent treatment, graft polymerization treatment or microencapsulation treatment.
  • long-term dispersion stability of the migrating particles 32 can be maintained by performing a graft polymerization process, a microencapsulation process, or a combination thereof.
  • a material (adsorbent material) having a functional group and a polymerizable functional group that can be adsorbed on the surface of the migrating particle 32 is used.
  • the adsorbable functional group is determined according to the forming material of the migrating particle 32.
  • the migrating particles 32 are made of a carbon material such as carbon black, an aniline derivative such as 4-vinylaniline, and when the migrating particles 32 are made of a metal oxide, methacrylic acid 3- Organosilane derivatives such as (trimethoxysilyl) propyl can be adsorbed respectively.
  • the polymerizable functional group include a vinyl group, an acrylic group, and a methacryl group.
  • a surface treatment may be performed by introducing a polymerizable functional group onto the surface of the migrating particle 32 and grafting it onto the surface (graftable material).
  • the graft material has, for example, a polymerizable functional group and a dispersing functional group.
  • the functional group for dispersion disperses the migrating particles 32 in the insulating liquid 31 and retains dispersibility due to steric hindrance.
  • the insulating liquid 31 is paraffin, a branched alkyl group or the like can be used as the functional group for dispersion.
  • the polymerizable functional group include a vinyl group, an acrylic group, and a methacryl group.
  • a polymerization initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) may be used.
  • AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
  • a material having a functional group capable of being adsorbed on the surface of the migrating particle 32 and an alkyl chain for imparting dispersibility can be used. Examples of such materials include titanate coupling agents (for example, KR-TTS manufactured by Ajinomoto Fine Techno Co., Ltd.) and aluminate coupling agents.
  • the porous layer 33 has light reflectivity different from that of the migrating particles 32 and has a plurality of pores H (holes) through which the migrating particles 32 pass.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of the porous layer 33.
  • the porous layer 33 is configured to include, for example, a fibrous structure 34 having a plurality of pores H and non-migrating particles 35 held by the fibrous structure 34.
  • the non-migrating particles 35 are held on the fibrous structure 34 by, for example, a surfactant.
  • the fibrous structure 34 is a three-dimensional structure (irregular network structure such as a nonwoven fabric). This is because light (external light) is diffusely reflected (multiple scattering) and the reflectance of the porous layer 33 can be increased. Further, even when the thickness of the porous layer 33 is small, a high reflectance can be obtained, the contrast of the electrophoretic element 30 can be improved, and the energy required for the migration of the migrating particles 32 can be reduced.
  • the fibrous structure 34 is formed by, for example, one or a plurality of fibers (fibrous substances) folded randomly or one or a plurality of fibers entangled randomly.
  • the fibers constituting the fibrous structure 34 have a sufficient length with respect to the fiber diameter (diameter). Moreover, what kind of thing may be sufficient as the shape of each fiber. For example, it may extend linearly or may have a curved shape. Moreover, it may be curled, may be bent in the middle, or may be branched.
  • the pore H is a portion corresponding to the gap between such fibers.
  • the pore H penetrates the porous layer 33 and has a pore diameter (diameter) through which the migrating particles 32 can pass.
  • the average pore diameter of the pores H (the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33) is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33 is preferably, for example, 150 nm or more and 750 nm or less. This is because the memory performance can be improved.
  • the pores H pass straight through the porous layer 33 and have a constant diameter, but the shape of the pores H is not limited to such a shape.
  • the pores H only need to penetrate the porous layer 33, and may be formed along, for example, an oblique direction or may meander.
  • the pore diameter is not necessarily constant, and in fact, many pores are thicker or thinner.
  • the pore diameter of the pore H is the diameter of the narrowest part (minimum diameter).
  • the fiber diameter is not constant, and a thick portion 34a and a thin portion 34b are mixed (FIG. 2).
  • a part having a diameter of 600 nm to 1200 nm and a part having a diameter of 200 nm to 500 nm are mixed.
  • the fibrous structure 34 includes a portion having a fiber diameter of twice or more the average fiber diameter at a ratio of 20% or less. More desirably, a portion having a fiber diameter that is twice or more the average fiber diameter is contained at a ratio of 10% or less, more desirably 5% or less.
  • the fibers are partially thick or thin, but one whole fiber may be thick with a constant width or thin with a constant width. Further, as the average fiber diameter becomes smaller, the light is more easily diffusely reflected, and the pore diameter of the pores H becomes larger.
  • the fiber diameter of the fibrous structure 34 can be adjusted by several methods. That is, in the step of forming the porous layer 33, for example, the polymer concentration, the mixing ratio of the non-migrating particles 35, the modification amount of the surfactant that modifies the surface of the non-migrating particles 35, or the surfactant added to the polymer solution
  • the fiber diameter can be changed by adjusting the amount or the like.
  • the fiber diameter is relative to the portion (34b) in which the non-migrating particles 35 are discretely arranged with respect to the fibrous structure 34 (the dispersibility of the non-migrating particles 35 is good).
  • the portion (34a) where the non-electrophoretic particles 35 are locally gathered and arranged is formed to have a relatively large fiber diameter.
  • the fiber diameter of the fibrous structure 34 can be measured, for example, as follows. That is, the display device 1 is cut using an instrument such as a microtome, and an arbitrary cross section or an arbitrary plane of the cut electrophoretic element 30 is observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). To measure. Specifically, the fiber diameter is measured at several tens to several hundreds (points) of the SEM image, and the average value of these is taken as the average fiber diameter of the fibrous structure 34. Furthermore, the ratio of the measurement point which shows the magnitude
  • SEM scanning electron microscope
  • the thickness of the porous layer 33 is, for example, 5 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less, depending on the element configuration of the electrophoretic element 30. In order to provide sufficient white reflectance, black reflectance, and response time, it is more desirably 15 ⁇ m or more and 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • the fibrous structure 34 as described above is, for example, a phase separation method, a phase inversion method, an electrostatic (electric field) spinning method, a melt spinning method, a wet spinning method, a dry spinning method, a gel spinning method, a sol-gel method, or a spray coating. It is formed by law. By using such a method, the fibrous structure 34 having a sufficient length with respect to the fiber diameter can be easily and stably formed.
  • the fibrous structure 34 can be composed of nanofibers.
  • the nanofiber is a fibrous substance having a fiber diameter of 1 nm to 1000 nm and a length of 100 times or more of the fiber diameter.
  • the fibrous structure 34 made of nanofibers the proportion of the pores H in the unit volume increases, and the migrating particles 32 can easily pass through the porous layer 33. Therefore, the energy required for moving the migrating particles 32 can be reduced.
  • the fibrous structure 34 made of nanofibers is preferably formed by an electrostatic spinning method. By using the electrospinning method, the fibrous structure 34 having a small fiber diameter can be easily and stably formed.
  • a fibrous structure 34 having a light reflectance different from that of the migrating particles 32 It is desirable to use a fibrous structure 34 having a light reflectance different from that of the migrating particles 32. Thereby, a contrast due to a difference in light reflectance between the porous layer 33 and the migrating particles 32 is easily formed.
  • a fibrous structure 34 showing light transparency (colorless and transparent) in the insulating liquid 31 may be used.
  • Non-electrophoretic particles 35 are one or more particles that are fixed to the fibrous structure 34 and do not undergo electrophoresis.
  • the non-migrating particles 35 may be embedded in the fibrous structure 34 or may partially protrude from the fibrous structure 34.
  • the average particle diameter of the non-migrating particles 35 is, for example, not less than 150 nm and not more than 700 nm.
  • the light reflectance of the non-migrating particles 35 is different from the light reflectance of the migrating particles 32.
  • the non-migrating particles 35 can be made of the same material as the material of the migrating particles 32 described above. Specifically, when the non-migrating particles 35 (porous layer 33) display brightly, the same material as that when the migrating particles 32 display brightly can be used. When the non-electrophoretic particles 35 display dark, the same material as that used when the electrophoretic particles 32 display dark can be used. When performing a bright display by the porous layer 33, it is desirable that the non-migrating particles 35 be made of a metal oxide. Thereby, it is possible to obtain excellent chemical stability, fixability and light reflectivity.
  • the constituent materials of the non-migrating particles 35 and the migrating particles 32 may be the same or different. The color visually recognized when the non-electrophoretic particle 35 performs bright display or dark display is the same as that described for the electrophoretic particle 32.
  • the surface of the non-electrophoretic particle 35 may be modified with a surfactant.
  • Surfactants are, for example, anionic (anionic) surfactants having a carboxylic acid, sulfonic acid or phosphoric acid structure as hydrophilic groups and cationic (cationic) properties having, for example, tetraalkylammonium or alkylamine as hydrophilic groups. Surfactant is mentioned.
  • nonionic (nonionic) surfactants having a hydrophilic part as a non-electrolyte that is, a non-ionized hydrophilic part
  • amphoteric surfactants having both an anionic part and a cationic part in the molecule may be used. .
  • amphoteric surfactants examples include alkyl dimethylamine oxide and alkyl carboxybetaine.
  • a metal material such as titanium oxide
  • an anionic surfactant it is desirable to use an anionic surfactant.
  • a surfactant having a hydrophilic group with a small molecular volume such as carboxylic acid is desirable because it easily covers the entire surface of the non-electrophoretic particle 35. Further, it is desirable that the surfactant does not ooze into the insulating liquid 31 so that the display characteristics are not deteriorated for a long time.
  • Such a porous layer 33 can be formed by the following method, for example.
  • the non-migrating particles 35 for example, titanium oxide having a predetermined primary particle size is prepared, and this is added to, for example, an organic solvent in which a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant is dissolved and stirred. Thereby, titanium oxide (non-electrophoretic particles 35) whose surface is coated with a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant is obtained.
  • a constituent material of the fibrous structure 34 such as a polymer material (polymer) is dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a solution, and then the non-electrophoretic particles 35 are added to the solution and sufficiently stirred. And spinning to prepare a spinning solution.
  • the fibrous structure 34 holding the non-migrating particles 35 is formed by spinning the spinning solution by, for example, an electrostatic spinning method.
  • the primary particle size is a minimum particle size.
  • the primary particle size represents the particle size of each particle.
  • the dispersibility of the non-migrating particles 35 in the spinning solution is enhanced by using the non-migrating particles 35 that have been modified with a surfactant in advance.
  • an electric field is easily applied to the non-migrating particles 35 during spinning, and a fibrous structure 34 with a reduced fiber diameter, that is, a fine fiber is obtained.
  • the surface of the non-electrophoretic particle 35 fixed to the fibrous structure 34 is covered with a polymer constituting the fibrous structure 34.
  • the porous layer 33 is not limited to the one including the fibrous structure 34 and the non-electrophoretic particle 35 as described above, and may include the pore H and a light reflectivity different from that of the electrophoretic particle 32. That's fine.
  • it may be a polymer film having pores H formed by laser processing.
  • the porous layer 33 may be a cloth knitted with synthetic fibers or the like, or an open-cell porous polymer.
  • the fibrous structure 34 is preferably composed of molecules having a main skeleton (main part of the molecule) composed of, for example, carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms.
  • the main skeleton of this molecule does not contain atoms other than carbon atoms, oxygen atoms, and hydrogen atoms, and consists only of these atoms. It is desirable that such molecules forming the fibrous structure 34 do not include a highly polar functional group such as a hydroxyl group and a carboxylic acid group. Thereby, the absolute value of the surface potential of the fibrous structure 34 becomes small, and the responsiveness of the electrophoretic element 30 can be improved.
  • the main skeleton refers to a portion excluding both ends of the molecule.
  • the molecules forming the fibrous structure 34 are preferably composed of carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms up to both ends, but the terminals contain atoms other than these carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms. May be.
  • a polymerization initiator such as azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) is used as a catalyst. Nitrogen atoms and the like are contained at both ends of the polymer synthesized in this way, but the atoms at the ends are less than 1/1000 of the whole molecule in terms of molecular weight. Therefore, this terminal atom contributes little to the properties of the molecule.
  • polymerization initiators other than AIBN are preferably composed of carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms up to both ends, but the terminals contain atoms other than these carbon atoms, oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms. May be.
  • AIBN azobisisobutyronitrile
  • the electrophoretic element 30 can obtain high reliability.
  • the molecule forming the fibrous structure 34 is a chain polymer.
  • a chain molecule refers to a molecule that does not include a cyclic atomic arrangement structure.
  • Examples of the cyclic atomic arrangement include a monocyclic compound and a heterocyclic compound.
  • Monocyclic compounds are composed of a single element, and specifically include aromatic compounds, cycloalkenes, cycloalkanes, cycloalkynes, and the like.
  • the heterocyclic compound is composed of two or more kinds of elements, and specifically includes pyrrole, carbazole, cyclic acetal, pyran, furan and thiophene.
  • the chain molecule may be linear or branched.
  • the fibrous structure 34 is composed of chain molecules, the steric hindrance is smaller than that of a molecule including a cyclic structure, so that the migrating particles 32 are easily moved, and the contrast and responsiveness of the electrophoretic element 30 are improved. To do.
  • the chain molecule constituting the fibrous structure 34 includes an ester group.
  • Specific examples of the chain molecule include polyalkyl methacrylate, polyalkyl acrylate, polyalkenyl methacrylate, polyalkenyl acrylate, polyalkynyl methacrylate and polyalkynyl acrylate.
  • This chain molecule does not have a functional group having a polarity higher than that of the ester group, and the absolute value of the surface potential of the fibrous structure 34 is, for example, 20 mV or less. It is more desirable to select the chain molecule so that the absolute value of the surface potential of the fibrous structure 34 is 10 mV or less. That is, the ester group has a smaller polarity than the cyano group and the like, but this is sufficiently large for spinning using the electrospinning method, and the fibrous structure 34 can be easily formed by the electrospinning method. can do.
  • the chain molecule constituting the fibrous structure 34 it is desirable to use a material that is not easily decomposed by microorganisms. That is, it is desirable that the chain molecule is resistant to biodegradation.
  • the biodegradable polymer include polylactic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, collagen, gelatin, and chitosan. Since such a polymer is easily decomposed, there is a possibility that the characteristics of the fibrous structure cannot be maintained when some kind of stimulus is applied to the electrophoretic element from the outside. In addition, many of such polymers are water-soluble and may be dissolved by moisture in the electrophoretic element, so that the shape of the fibrous structure cannot be maintained.
  • the fibrous structure 34 is formed of chain molecules having resistance to biodegradation, the stability of the fibrous structure 34 is increased. Therefore, the reliability of the electrophoretic element 30 can be improved.
  • the surface of the fibrous structure 34 may be covered with an arbitrary protective layer.
  • the display device 1 is an electrophoretic display (so-called electronic paper display) that displays an image (for example, character information or a symbol) using an electrophoretic phenomenon, and between the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, The electrophoretic element 30 described above is included.
  • the space between the driving substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20 is adjusted to a predetermined distance by the spacer 40.
  • the drive substrate 10 has, for example, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) 12 on one surface of the support member 11.
  • a protective layer 13 and a planarization insulating layer 14 are formed on the TFT 12.
  • a pixel electrode 15 is provided on the planarization insulating layer 14.
  • An electrophoretic element 30 is formed on the pixel electrode 15 via an adhesive layer (not shown).
  • the TFT 12 and the pixel electrode 15 are arranged in a matrix or segment, for example.
  • the support member 11 is made of, for example, an inorganic material, a metal material, a plastic material, or the like.
  • the inorganic material include silicon (Si), silicon oxide (SiO x ), silicon nitride (SiN x ), and aluminum oxide (AlO x ).
  • Silicon oxide includes glass or spin-on-glass (SOG).
  • the metal material include aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni), and stainless steel
  • examples of the plastic material include polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and polyethyl ether. Ketone (PEEK) etc. are mentioned.
  • the support member 11 may be non-light transmissive.
  • the support member 11 may be configured by a rigid substrate such as a wafer, or may be configured by a flexible thin glass or film. By using a flexible material for the support member 11, the flexible display device 1 can be realized.
  • the TFT 12 is a switching element for selecting a pixel.
  • the TFT 12 may be an inorganic TFT using an inorganic semiconductor layer as a channel layer, or an organic TFT using an organic semiconductor layer.
  • the protective layer 13 and the planarization insulating layer 14 are made of an insulating resin material such as polyimide, for example. If the surface of the protective layer 13 is sufficiently flat, the planarization insulating layer 14 can be omitted.
  • the pixel electrode 15 is formed of a metal material such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), or copper (Cu), for example.
  • the pixel electrode 15 is connected to the TFT 12 through a contact hole (not shown) provided in the protective layer 13 and the planarization insulating layer 14.
  • the counter substrate 20 includes, for example, a support member 21 and a counter electrode 22.
  • the counter electrode 22 is provided on the entire surface of the support member 21 (the surface facing the drive substrate 10).
  • the counter electrode 22 may be arranged in a matrix or segment like the pixel electrode 15.
  • the support member 21 is made of the same material as the support member 11 except that it is light transmissive.
  • the counter electrode 22 for example, indium oxide-tin oxide (ITO), antimony oxide-tin oxide (ATO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), or the like has a light-transmitting conductivity.
  • ITO indium oxide-tin oxide
  • ATO antimony oxide-tin oxide
  • FTO fluorine-doped tin oxide
  • AZO aluminum-doped zinc oxide
  • a material transparent conductive film
  • the light transmittance (transmittance) of the counter electrode 22 is as high as possible. For example, it is 80% or more.
  • the electrical resistance of the counter electrode 22 is desirably as low as possible, for example, 100 ⁇ / ⁇ or less.
  • an insulating liquid 31 is filled between the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20, specifically, a space between the pixel electrode 15 and the counter electrode 22.
  • the porous layer 33 is supported by the spacer 40, for example.
  • the space filled with the insulating liquid 31 between the pixel electrode 15 and the counter electrode 22 is, for example, a region close to the pixel electrode 15 with the porous layer 33 as a boundary, as a save region R1 and a counter electrode 22.
  • the area on the near side is divided as a display area R2. In practice, however, the saving area R1 and the display area R2 are often not clearly separated.
  • the porous layer 33 is disposed in almost the entire area between the pixel electrode 15 and the counter electrode 22, and the retreat area R 1 and the display area R 2 exist in the porous layer 33.
  • the porous layer 33 may be disposed so as to be biased to one of the pixel electrode 15 and the counter electrode 22.
  • the thickness of the spacer 40 is, for example, 10 ⁇ m or more and 100 ⁇ m or less.
  • the spacer 40 is made of, for example, an insulating material such as a polymer material, and is provided, for example, in a lattice shape between the drive substrate 10 and the counter substrate 20.
  • the arrangement shape of the spacer 40 is not particularly limited, it is desirable that the spacer 40 is provided so as not to disturb the movement of the migrating particles 32 and to be uniformly distributed.
  • the migrating particles 32 are shielded by the porous layer 33 in the state where the migrating particles 32 are disposed in the retreat area R ⁇ b> 1 in all the pixels.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 is viewed from the 20 side, no contrast is generated (an image is not displayed).
  • the migrating particles 32 are porous from the retreat area R1. It moves to the display area R2 via the quality layer 33 (pore H).
  • the pixels where the migrating particles 32 are shielded by the porous layer 33 and the pixels which are not shielded coexist, when the electrophoretic element 30 is viewed from the counter substrate 20 side, the migrating particles 32 and the porous layer are seen. Contrast is generated due to the difference in light reflectivity from 33. Thereby, an image is displayed.
  • this display device 1 it is possible to display a high-quality image suitable for colorization and moving image display, for example, by the electrophoretic element 30 having high responsiveness.
  • the electrophoretic element 30 since the electrophoretic element 30 generates contrast due to the difference in light reflectivity between the electrophoretic particles 32 and the porous layer 33, the electrophoretic particles 32 and the porous layer 33 that are brightly displayed.
  • the light reflectance is higher than the light reflectance for the dark display.
  • the display device 1 when a single voltage is applied to the electrophoretic element 30, as described above, the electrophoretic particles 32 move to one side of the porous layer 33 in the selective pixel region, thereby improving the contrast. It is possible to display an image. In this display state, the migrating particles 32 gather together in the vicinity of the pixel electrode 15 or the counter electrode 22, and the apparent particle size of the migrating particles increases.
  • the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33 is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32, the apparent particle diameter of the migrating particles 32 is the porous layer 33.
  • the migrating particles 32 are physically supported by the porous layer 33. Thereby, even after the supply of voltage is temporarily stopped, the display state is maintained, that is, the memory performance is improved.
  • a method for improving the memory performance for example, there is a method of providing a charged layer having a polarity opposite to that of the migrating particles. In this method, it takes time to peel off the migrating particles from the charged layer.
  • a method of adding polymer to the electrophoretic particles to cause depletion and aggregation for example, the polymer covering the electrophoretic particles or modified with the electrophoretic particles inhibits the movement of the electrophoretic particles, so that the responsiveness is high. Become slow.
  • there is a method of aggregating the migrating particles using silica but the responsiveness is slow because the agglomerated migrating particles are difficult to peel off. As described above, the memory performance is improved while the responsiveness is lowered. Alternatively, extra energy is required to peel off the migrating particles, increasing power consumption.
  • the electrophoretic particles 32 are only gathered gently in the display state after application of a certain voltage. Therefore, when another voltage is applied again, the electrophoretic particles 32 are easily separated. Then, it can move through the insulating liquid 31 and pass through the porous layer 33. That is, it is difficult to inhibit mobility (responsiveness).
  • the average pore diameter of the porous layer 33 (pore H) is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the migrating particles 32, so that the display after voltage application is performed.
  • the apparent particle size of the migrating particles 32 is larger than the pore size of the porous layer 33, and the migrating particles 32 can be physically supported by the porous layer 33.
  • memory property improves.
  • the migrating particles are easily separated from each other, and thus mobility (responsiveness) is not easily inhibited. Therefore, it is possible to improve the memory performance while suppressing a decrease in responsiveness.
  • the fibrous structure 34 when the fibrous structure 34 includes a portion having a fiber diameter twice or more the average fiber diameter at a ratio of 20% or less, the reflectance can be further increased. This can increase the contrast. By making the ratio 10% or less or 5% or less, the reflectance can be further increased.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the insulating liquid 31 is 1.0 mm 2 / second or more and 5.0 mm 2 / second or less, preferably 1.0 mm 2 / second or more and 3.0 mm 2 / second or less, the responsiveness and The reflectance can be increased.
  • Display devices (Experimental Examples 1 to 18) were prepared using black (dark display) migrating particles and a white (bright display) porous layer (particle-containing fibrous structure) according to the following procedure.
  • Example 1 First, a mixed solution of 400 ml of tetrahydrofuran and 400 ml of methanol was prepared, and then 50 g of composite oxide fine particles (copper-iron-manganese oxide: Daipi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd. Daipyroxide Side Color TM9550) were added to the solution. Ultrasonic stirring (at 25 ° C. to 35 ° C. for 30 minutes) was performed in an ultrasonic bath.
  • composite oxide fine particles copper-iron-manganese oxide: Daipi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd. Daipyroxide Side Color TM9550
  • the precipitate after decantation was redispersed in a mixed solvent of tetrahydrofuran and methanol (volume ratio 1: 1), followed by centrifugation (at 6000 rpm for 10 minutes) and decantation.
  • the precipitate obtained by repeating this washing operation three times was dried overnight in a vacuum oven at 70 ° C.
  • black electrophoretic particles coated with a dispersing group that are negatively charged in the insulating liquid were obtained.
  • the insulating liquid 49.6 g of the insulating liquid, 0.25 g of the basic additive alkylamine, and 0.12 g of the acidic additive are added to the solution D2 (50 g) and stirred, and the migrating particles and the acidic additive are added.
  • Insulating liquids each containing 0.4 mmol and 1.75 mmol of basic additive were obtained.
  • Table 1 five types of electrophoretic particle dispersions (electrophoretic particle dispersions 1 to 5) having different average particle diameters were prepared as shown in Table 1 below.
  • the average particle size of the migrating particles can be measured in the prepared dispersion by, for example, a laser Doppler method.
  • the porous layer was formed as follows. First, titanium oxide having an average primary particle diameter of 250 nm was prepared as non-electrophoretic particles, mixed with 15% by weight in tetrahydrofuran in which a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant was dissolved, and stirred for 1 hour using a paint shaker. Thereafter, the mixture was centrifuged (5000 rpm for 10 minutes), the solvent was removed by decantation, washed 3 times, and dried overnight at 70 ° C. Thereby, titanium oxide coated with a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant (referred to as non-electrophoretic particles T1) was obtained.
  • a carboxylic acid anionic surfactant referred to as non-electrophoretic particles T1
  • polymethyl methacrylate was prepared as a constituent material of the fibrous structure.
  • this polymethyl methacrylate was dissolved in 87 g of N, N′-dimethylformamide, 30 g of non-electrophoretic particles T1 were added to 70 g of this solution and mixed with a bead mill.
  • a spinning solution for forming the fibrous structure was obtained.
  • a pixel electrode made of ITO having a predetermined pattern was formed on the driving substrate, and then spinning was performed using this spinning solution. Specifically, the spinning solution was put into a syringe, and spinning was performed on a driving substrate.
  • the amount of the carboxylic acid anionic surfactant is increased as compared with the fibrous structures A1 to A3, and the other conditions are the same as those of the fibrous structures A1 to A3.
  • Body (A4 to A6) was prepared.
  • these fibrous structures A4 to A6 at least two kinds of fibers having different fiber diameters are mixed.
  • a fiber having a fiber diameter twice or more of the average fiber diameter is a fiber L and the other fiber is a fiber S
  • the non-migrating particles T1 are hardly dispersed in the fiber L.
  • it is desirable that the number (ratio) of the fibers L is smaller than the number (ratio) of the fibers S.
  • the fibrous structure A4 has a fiber L ratio of 5%
  • the fibrous structure A5 has a fiber L ratio of 10%
  • the fibrous structure A6 has a fiber L ratio of 10%. The ratio was 20%.
  • the average pore diameters of the fibrous structures A1 to A6 were measured in a state of being crushed to 15 ⁇ m so as to be the same as the cell gap in the final display device.
  • a palm porometer manufactured by PMI was used as a measuring device.
  • the average pore diameter varies depending on the weight. Specifically, the larger the weight, the smaller the average pore diameter, and the smaller the weight, the larger the average pore diameter. This is because the volume fraction of the fibrous structures A1 to A3 varies because the cell gap is the same (15 ⁇ m).
  • the average fiber diameter and the ratio of the fibers L of the fibrous structures A1 to A6 were measured by observation with an SEM.
  • the average fiber diameter is smaller than that of the fibrous structures A1 to A3, but the ratio of the fibers L is large. Therefore, the average pore diameter of the fibrous structures A4 to A6 is approximately the same as that of the fibrous structure A1.
  • the unnecessary porous layer was removed from the drive substrate. Specifically, a spacer having a thickness of 15 ⁇ m was disposed inside the fibrous structure, and unnecessary portions of the porous layer were removed.
  • a counter electrode made of ITO is formed on the support member as a counter substrate, and an insulating liquid in which the electrophoretic particles are dispersed (electrophoretic particle dispersions 1 to 5) is injected onto the counter substrate.
  • the driving substrate on which the porous layer was formed was placed in an overlapping manner. At this time, the pixel electrode and the counter electrode were separated so as to hold the porous layer with the spacer. Finally, the peripheral portion is sealed with, for example, an ultraviolet curable resin so that the electrophoretic particle dispersion does not leak, and the display device 1 is completed by irradiating with ultraviolet rays to seal between the driving substrate and the counter substrate. .
  • the display device 1 of 1 to 18 was produced, and each memory property and reflectance were evaluated.
  • the “ratio” in Table 3 is a value of (average pore diameter of fibrous structure) / (average particle diameter of migrating particles).
  • the reflectance white reflectance
  • 43% or more is indicated as “aa”, 40% or more as “a”, and less than 40% as “b”.
  • the white retention rate after 10 minutes is indicated as “a” when 90% or more and “b” when less than 90%.
  • Experimental Examples 16, 17, and 18 use fibrous structures A4 to A6 containing fibers L. Although the fibrous structures A4 to A6 have a smaller average fiber diameter than the fibrous structures A1 to A3, the fibrous structures A4 to A6 have the same average pore diameter because they contain the fibers L. When the amount of the surfactant is increased, the average fiber diameter is reduced from the fibrous structure A4 to the fibrous structure A5. However, when the amount is excessively increased, the balance is lost as in the fibrous structure A6. The fiber L increases and the average fiber diameter increases. In Experimental Examples 16 to 18, the electrophoretic particle dispersion liquid 2 having an average particle diameter of 150 nm is combined with these fibrous structures A4 to A6.
  • the electrophoretic particle dispersion liquid 2 having an average particle diameter of 150 nm is combined with the fibrous structures A1 and A2 that do not include the fiber L.
  • these experimental examples 16 to 18 are compared with experimental examples 4 and 5, it can be seen that the inclusion of the fiber L improves the reflectance. This is because the path through which the migrating particles can pass can be ensured at the same time by mixing the fibers L while increasing the dispersibility of the white pigment (non-migrating particles) by reducing the diameter of the fibers.
  • the number of fibers L is preferably 20% or less and more preferably 10% or less because the reflectance starts to decrease by increasing from 10% to 20% when comparing Experimental Examples 17 and 18. desirable.
  • the electrophoretic element can exhibit memory properties regardless of the viscosity of the solution. That is, the memory property based on the kinematic viscosity of the insulating liquid used as a solvent can be improved.
  • a display device was produced under the same conditions as in Experimental Example 4, and the reflectance and memory performance of each display device were evaluated. Table 4 shows.
  • the initial white reflectance was lowered when the solvent B5 was used.
  • the reflectance retention ratio (memory property) after 10 minutes was almost the same regardless of the kinematic viscosity. This indicates that the memory performance appears regardless of the viscosity of the solution of the electrophoretic element.
  • the kinematic viscosity is increased up to the solvent B5, the responsiveness becomes slow and the reflectance decreases.
  • the kinematic viscosity of the solvent is desirably 1.0 mm 2 / sec or more and 5.0 mm 2 / sec or less, and more desirably 1.0 mm 2 / sec or more and 3.0 mm 2 / sec or less.
  • the boiling point of the solvent is desirably 140 ° or more and 280 ° or less, and more desirably 140 ° or more and 240 ° or less.
  • the display device 1 of the present disclosure can be applied to various electronic devices or clothing, and the type of the electronic device is not particularly limited.
  • the display device 1 can be mounted on, for example, the following electronic devices.
  • the configuration of the electronic device or the like described below is merely an example, and the configuration can be changed as appropriate.
  • the electronic book includes, for example, a display unit 110, a non-display unit 120, and an operation unit 130.
  • the operation unit 130 may be provided on the front surface of the non-display unit 120 as shown in FIG. 4A or may be provided on the upper surface as shown in FIG. 4B.
  • the display unit 110 includes the display device 1.
  • the display device 1 may be mounted on a PDA (Personal Digital Assistants) having the same configuration as the electronic book shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B.
  • PDA Personal Digital Assistants
  • FIG. 5 shows the appearance of a tablet personal computer.
  • the tablet personal computer has, for example, a touch panel unit 310 and a housing 320, and the touch panel unit 310 includes the display device 1.
  • the display device 1 can also be applied to a part of clothing such as a watch (watch), bag, clothes, hat, and shoes. Below, an example of such an electronic device integrated with clothing is shown.
  • 6A and 6B show the appearance of an electronic timepiece (a wristwatch-integrated electronic device).
  • the electronic timepiece has, for example, a dial (character information display portion) 410 and a band portion (color pattern display portion) 420, and the dial 410 and the band portion 420 include the display device 1. It is configured. For example, various characters and designs are displayed on the dial plate 410 as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B by display driving using the electrophoretic element 30 described above.
  • the band unit 420 is a part that can be attached to an arm or the like, for example.
  • Various display patterns can be displayed by using the display device 1 in the band unit 420, and the design of the band unit 420 can be changed from the example of FIG. 6A to the example of FIG. 6B. .
  • Electronic devices that are also useful in fashion applications can be realized.
  • the present disclosure can also have the following configurations.
  • the average pore size of the porous layer is not less than 3.3 times and not more than 4.3 times the average particle size of the electrophoretic particles.
  • (3) The average pore diameter of the porous layer is 150 nm or more and 750 nm or less.
  • the porous layer includes a fibrous structure that forms the plurality of pores;
  • the porous layer includes a fibrous structure that forms the plurality of pores;
  • the porous layer includes a fibrous structure that forms the plurality of pores;
  • the electrophoretic element according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the fibrous structure includes a portion having a fiber diameter of twice or more the average fiber diameter at a ratio of 5% or less.
  • the porous layer includes a fibrous structure that forms the plurality of pores;
  • the fibrous structure includes a part having a fiber diameter of 600 nm or more and 1200 nm or less and a part having a fiber diameter of 200 nm or more and 500 nm or less, in any one of the above (1) to (6) Electrophoretic element.
  • the electrophoretic device according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the insulating liquid has a kinematic viscosity of 1.0 mm 2 / sec to 5.0 mm 2 / sec. (9) The electrophoretic device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the insulating liquid has a kinematic viscosity of 1.0 mm 2 / sec to 3.0 mm 2 / sec. (10)
  • the porous layer is A fibrous structure forming the plurality of holes;
  • the electrophoretic element according to any one of (1) to (9), further comprising non-electrophoretic particles that are held by the fibrous structure and have light reflectivity different from the electrophoretic particles.
  • An electrophoretic element is provided between a pair of electrodes, The electrophoretic element is: In insulating liquid, Electrophoretic particles, And having a light reflectivity different from that of the migrating particles, and a porous layer including a plurality of holes through which the migrating particles pass, The average pore size of the porous layer is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle size of the migrating particles.
  • a display device having an electrophoretic element between a pair of electrodes The electrophoretic element is: In insulating liquid, Electrophoretic particles, Having a light reflectivity different from that of the migrating particles, and a porous layer including a plurality of holes through which the migrating particles pass, The average pore diameter of the porous layer is 1.0 to 4.3 times the average particle diameter of the electrophoretic particles.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément d'électrophorèse avec lequel un effet de mémoire peut être amélioré tout en supprimant des réductions de réactivité. L'élément d'électrophorèse comprend, dans un liquide isolant, des particules d'électrophorèse et une couche poreuse qui présente une réactivité optique différente des particules d'électrophorèse et comprend une pluralité de trous par lesquels passent les particules d'électrophorèse. Le diamètre moyen des trous dans la couche poreuse est de 1,0 à 4,3 fois le diamètre moyen des particules d'électrophorèse.
PCT/JP2016/076096 2015-10-28 2016-09-06 Élément d'électrophorèse, dispositif d'affichage, et équipement électronique WO2017073169A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008181058A (ja) * 2006-12-26 2008-08-07 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 表示媒体、及び表示装置
JP2012198417A (ja) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-18 Sony Corp 電気泳動素子、表示装置および電子機器
JP2014002272A (ja) * 2012-06-19 2014-01-09 Sony Corp 電気泳動素子および表示装置
JP2014209159A (ja) * 2013-03-26 2014-11-06 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器
JP2015102845A (ja) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置、電気泳動表示装置の製造方法、電子機器

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008181058A (ja) * 2006-12-26 2008-08-07 Fuji Xerox Co Ltd 表示媒体、及び表示装置
JP2012198417A (ja) * 2011-03-22 2012-10-18 Sony Corp 電気泳動素子、表示装置および電子機器
JP2014002272A (ja) * 2012-06-19 2014-01-09 Sony Corp 電気泳動素子および表示装置
JP2014209159A (ja) * 2013-03-26 2014-11-06 ソニー株式会社 表示装置および電子機器
JP2015102845A (ja) * 2013-11-28 2015-06-04 セイコーエプソン株式会社 電気泳動表示装置、電気泳動表示装置の製造方法、電子機器

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