WO2017063755A1 - Composés macrocycliques à conformation limitée - Google Patents

Composés macrocycliques à conformation limitée Download PDF

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WO2017063755A1
WO2017063755A1 PCT/EP2016/025111 EP2016025111W WO2017063755A1 WO 2017063755 A1 WO2017063755 A1 WO 2017063755A1 EP 2016025111 W EP2016025111 W EP 2016025111W WO 2017063755 A1 WO2017063755 A1 WO 2017063755A1
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mmol
alkyl
soln
diseases
ochf
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PCT/EP2016/025111
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Daniel Obrecht
Philipp Ermert
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Polyphor Ag
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D498/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D498/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D498/18—Bridged systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents

Definitions

  • the present invention provides conformationally constrained macrocyclic compounds of formula (I), as described herein below, having a substituent E that contains at least one ester moiety.
  • These conformationally constrained macrocyclic compounds exhibit antiproliferative activity on various cancer cell lines.
  • they can be metabolized to compounds with modulating activity on the peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerase Pin1 and may thus be useful in the treatment or prevention of a variety of diseases, conditions and disorders mediated by or sustained through the activity of Pin1 , or in the support of therapeutic treatments of specific disease conditions of primarily different cause.
  • the present invention relates to methods of using these compounds in the treatment of various diseases and disorders, and to pharmaceutical compositions and forms comprising these compounds.
  • PPIases Peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomerases
  • the peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 [protein interacting with NI MA 1 (K. P. Lu et al., Nature 1996, 380(6574), 544-547)], belonging to the parvulin class of PPIase, is a phosphorylation-dependent peptidyl-prolyl isomerase that shows a unique substrate specificity for phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motifs.
  • This conformational isomerization by Pin1 has been reported to be critically involved in diverse regulatory processes (K. P. Lu et a/., Nat. Chem Biol. 2007, 3(10), 619-629), affecting the function, protein- protein interactions, subcellular localization, protein phosphorylation, and stability of corresponding substrate proteins (Y.-C. Liou et al., Trends Biochem. Sci. 201 1 , 36(10), 501-514 and literature cited therein; K. P. Lu et al., Trends Cell. Biol. 2002, 12, 164-172).
  • Human Pin1 is a small protein of 163 amino acids, comprising an N-terminal WW domain for substrate recognition, a flexible linker, and a C-terminal catalytic peptidyl- prolyl isomerase (PPI) domain (P.-J. Lu et al, J. Biol. Chem. 2002, 277(4), 2381 - 2384).
  • PPI catalytic peptidyl- prolyl isomerase
  • Pin1 inhibitors comprising peptidic and non-peptidic compounds.
  • Pin1 was identified as target of all- trans retinoic acid (S. Wei eta/., Nat. Med. 2015, 21 (5), 457-466) which is used in the therapy for acute promyelotic leukemia and was also applied in clinical trials for treatment of advanced breast cancer.
  • Other known Pin1 inhibitors are less advanced.
  • potential liabilities concerning selectivity and/or stability and/or potency and/or activity on whole cells were reported (J. D. Moore, A. Potter, Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2013, 23, 4283-4291 and literature cited therein).
  • peptidic Pin1 inhibitors comprise elements that mimic the phospho-Ser/Thr and/or proline moieties of the phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motif in Pin1 substrates. Mimicry of the phospho-Ser/Thr moiety was mainly achieved by phosphonic or phosphoric acid-bearing residues, and corresponding peptidic inhibitors of Pin1 were frequently reported to be inactive or only weakly active in whole cell experiments. This issue was addressed by a combination strategy based on cell-penetrating peptides (W. Lian eta/., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136(28), 9830-9833; T. Liu eta/., J. Med. Chem.
  • Pin1 inhibitors have been published in addition to the above- mentioned a ⁇ -trans retinoic acid, including, naphthoquinone juglone, a non-reversible Pin1 inhibitor (L. Hennig et a/., Biochemistry 1998, 37, 5953-5960), hydroxy- naphthoquinone buparvaquone, used for treatment of certain parasitic infections in animals (J. Masolier et a/, Nature 2015, 520, 378-382), compounds comprising various acidic functional groups to mimic the phosphate group of the substrate (C.
  • Pin1 modulators may be useful in the treatment or prevention of other diseases and conditions related to abnormal cell growth (Z. Lu, T. Hunter, Cell Res. 2014, 24, 1033-1049 and literature cited therein; E. S. Yeh, A. R. Means, Nat. Rev. Cancer 2007, 7, 381 -387).
  • Pin1 has been reported to control normal and cancer stem cells in the human breast (Rustighi A. et a/., Mol. Med. 2014, 6(1), 99- 1 19), including effects mediated through the p53 pathway (J. E. Giardini et a/., Cancer Cell 2011 , 12, 79-91 ; F.
  • Pin1 inhibitors may be useful for the treatment and/or prevention of other diseases or conditions, including asthma (P. Anders, Nat. Immunol. 2005, 6, 121 1-1212), allergic pulmonary eosinophilia (S. Esnaut etai, J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 2007, 120, 1082-1088), pulmonary fibrosis, for example caused by chronic asthma (Z.-J. Shen et ai, J. Clin. Invest. 2008, 118(2), 479-490), stroke (S. H. Baik et ai, Ann. Neurol. 2015, 77(3), 504-517), viral infections, for example HIV/AIDS (H.
  • Pin1 may be implicated in additional inflammatory diseases (T. Boussetta et al, Blood 2010, 116(25), 5795-5802), including rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.
  • Immunosuppressive effects of a Pin1 inhibitor were reported from animal studies of organ transplantation (S. Esnault et al, PLoS One 2007, 2, e226). Accordingly, important roles for Pin1 were also suggested in immune disorders like diabetes, multiple sclerosis and lupus, macrophage mediated tissue damage, gastritis, and myeloproliferative syndromes (Z.-H. Shen, J. S. Malter, Biomoiecuies 2015, 5, 412-434).
  • Pin1 inhibitors may also be useful for the treatment or prevention of certain parasite infections in animals, including infections of cattle with Theileria parasites (J. Masolier et al, Nature 2015, 520, 378-382). Importantly, the homologue of Pin1 in Theileria annulata was demonstrated to play a key role in maintaining bovine leukocyte transformation, and Pin1 inhibitor buparvaquone was able to reverse transformed phenotypes.
  • the compounds of the invention show antiproliferative activity on various cancer cell lines, including THP-1 , SKHEP1 , MHHES1 , A673, SU-DHL-6, RDES, and BT20 cells.
  • the THP-1 cell line has been used for the study of anticancer compounds, including antileukemic drugs (P. W. Hollenbach et al, PLoS ONE 2010, 5(2); doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0009001 ), and has been reported as model for immune modulation studies (W. Chanput et a/., Int. Immunopharmacol. 2014, 23(1), 37-45).
  • results from experiments using THP-1 cells suggested a role of Pin1 in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (Y.
  • the compounds of the invention show anti-clonogenic activity on various cancer cell lines, including MDA-MB 231 , H1299, and PC-3 cells.
  • the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 231 , lung cancer cell line H1299, and prostate cancer cell line PC-3 have been applied in cancer research, including studies based on MDA-MB 231 cells
  • the compounds of the invention also show activity leading to reduced protein levels of Pin1 regulated proteins in cancer cell lines where Pin1 is involved in positive modulation of such protein levels, for example, through protein stabilization and/or upregulation of transcription (Y. C. Liou et ai, Trends Biochem. Sciences 2011 , 36(10), 501 -514), including reduction of protein levels of cyclin D1 and Mcl-1 in MDA- MB 231 cells. Reduction of protein levels of cyclin D1 , a protein important in cell cycle progression (Y. C. Liou et ai, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA 2002, 99, 1335-1340; G. Wulf et ai, EMBO J.
  • the present invention provides chemical entities which contain a macrocyclic backbone with appended substituents, including E, G, and Q.
  • Substituent E comprises at least one ester moiety, that can be metabolized to liberate the corresponding acid moiety, which is involved in the mimicry of the phospho-Ser/Thr moiety of Pin1 substrates. Additionally, it is essential that compounds of the invention comprise an aromatic group in moieties G and/or Q, as described herein below.
  • the present invention relates to compounds of formula (I)
  • L is -C(O)-; or -S(0) 2 -;
  • X is 0; S; -S(0)-; or -S(0) 2 -; t is an integer of 0-1 ;
  • i and p are independently an integer of 0-3 with the proviso that 1 ⁇ i+p ⁇ 3;
  • R 1 is H; CH 3 ; or CH 2 CH 3 ;
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are independently H; F; or CH 3 ;
  • R 2 , R 3 , R 4 , R 5 , and R 6 are F; or CH 3 ; R 7 is H; or F;
  • R 8 is H; F; CF 3 ; or Ci-3-alkyl
  • R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , and R 13 are independently H; F; or Ci -3 alkyl;
  • R 9 , R 10 , R 11 , R 12 , and R 13 are F; or Ci R 14 is H; or Ci -3 alkyl;
  • R 5 is H; F; or CH 3 ;
  • R 17 is -C(0)OR 18a ; or -P(0)(OR 18a )(OR 18b );
  • R 18a is Ci-4-alkyl; C 3- 4-cycloalkyl; benzyl; phenyl; or a group of the formula
  • R 8b is F1 ;
  • R 19 is Ci-4-alkyl; -CHR 20 R 21 ; oxetan-2-yl; oxetan-3-yl; or -(CH 2 )jCH 2 OH; R 20 and R 21 are independently H; or Ci-4-alkyl;
  • R 20 and R 21 together with the carbon atom to which they are connected can form C 3- 6-cycloalkyl moieties;
  • R 22 is H; Ci-2-alkyl; -(CHR 23 ) 0 C(0)OR 18a ; -(CHR 23 ) 0 P(0)(OR 18a )(OR 18b );
  • R 2 is H; F; or CH 3 ;
  • R 24a and R 24b are independently H; or CH 3 ;
  • Z is -C(O)-; -S(0) 2 -; -OC(O)-; -OS(0) 2 -; -NR 24b C(0)-; or -NR 24b S(0) 2 -;
  • Z 2 is -C(O)-; -S(0) 2 -; -(CHR 23 )-; -OC(O)-; -OS(0) 2 -; -NR 2 C(0)-;
  • d is an integer of 0-1 ;
  • j is an integer of 0-3;
  • E is E3; E4; E5; or E6; o is an integer of 0-1 ; with the proviso that
  • G is H; Ci-6-alkyl; C 2- 6-alkenyl; C3-6-cycloalkyl; C3-6-heterocyclyl; C6-io-aryl;
  • R 25 is H; F; CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCH 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 26 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci -2 -alkyl; Ci -2 -alkoxy; or Ci -2 -thioalkoxy;
  • R 27 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; CN; Ci -3 -alkyl; Ci -3 -alkoxy;
  • Ci- 3 -thioalkoxy -C(0)NR 3 R 32 ; or -S(0) 2 NR 3 R 32 ;
  • R 28 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; CN; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci -3 -alkyl; Ci -3 -alkoxy; or
  • R 29 is H; F; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci -3 -alkyl; Ci -3 -alkoxy; or Ci -3 -thioalkoxy;
  • R 30 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; N0 2 ; Ci -3 -alkyl; Ci -3 -alkoxy;
  • Ci- 3 -thioalkoxy or -NR 3 R 32 ;
  • R 31 and R 32 are independently H; or CH 3 ;
  • R 33 is H; Ci-3-alkyl; or -C(0)-Ci -3 -alkyl;
  • T is N; or CR 25 ;
  • M is 0; S; or NR 33 ; with the proviso that
  • R 34 in Q1 is H ; F; CF 3 ; OH ; SH ; Ci -8 -alkyl; C 2-8 -alkenyl; C 2-8 -alkynyl;
  • Ci-8-alkoxy Ci-e-thioalkoxy; C 3- 8-cycloalkyl; C 3- 8-heterocyclyl; or
  • G is C6-io-aryl; Cs-io-heteroaryl; or a group of one of the formulae G1 to G14;
  • Q is O; -S(O)-; -S(0) 2 -; or a group of one of the formulae
  • Z 3 is -(CHR 47 )-; O; -C(O)-; -C(0)NR 48 -; -NR 48 C(0)-; -NR 8 C(0)NR 48 -;
  • R 34 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; SH; Ci -8 -alkyl; C 2 - 8 -alkenyl; C 2-8 -alkynyl; Ci -8 -alkoxy;
  • Ci- 8 -thioalkoxy C3- 8 -cycloalkyl; C3- 8 -heterocyclyl; C6-io-aryl;
  • R 35 is H; or CH 3 ;
  • R 36 is a group of one of the formulae
  • R 37 is H; F; CI; CH 3 ; OCH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 38 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci-4-alkyl; C 2-4 -alkenyl; Ci -4 -alkoxy;
  • Ci -4 -thioalkoxy or C 3-4 -cycloalkyl
  • R 39 is H; F; CI; Br; I; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; N0 2 ; CN; Ci -6 -alkyl; Ci -6 -alkoxy;
  • Ci-6-thioalkoxy C 3-6 -cycloalkyl; C 3-6 -heterocyclyl; -C(0)OR 18a ;
  • R 40 and R 41 are independently H; or Ci -3 -alkyl
  • R 42 is C6-aryl-Ci- 4 -alkyl; C5-6-heteroaryl-Ci -4 -alkyl; or a group of formula
  • R 43 is C6-aryl; C5-6-heteroaryl; or a group of one of the formulae
  • R 44 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; N0 2 ; CN; Ci-4-alkyl; Ci-4-alkoxy;
  • Ci-4-thioalkoxy or C3-4-cycloalkyl
  • R 45 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci-4-alkyl; Ci-4-alkoxy; or Ci -4 -thioalkoxy;
  • R 46 is H; Ci-e-alkyl; -C(0)-Ci -6 -alkyl; or -C(0)-C 3 - 6 -cycloalkyl;
  • R 7 is H; F; CI; CH 3 ; or CF 3 ;
  • R 8 is H; or Ci -3 alkyl
  • M' is O; S; or NR 46 ;
  • T' is N; or CR 37 ;
  • g is an integer of 0-2; with the proviso that,
  • G is H; C1-6 alkyl; C2-6-alkenyl; C 3- 6-cycloalkyl; or C 3- 6-heterocyclyl;
  • Q is Q1 ; or Q2; R 34 in Q1 is C6-io-aryl; or Cs-io-heteroaryl; and with the proviso that,
  • Q is Q1 ; or Q2;
  • R 34 in Q1 is C6-io-aryl; or Cs-io-heteroaryl; and with the proviso that
  • Y 1 is CR 49 ; NR 55 ; N; O; or S
  • Y 2 is CR 50 ; NR 55 ; N; O; or S
  • Y 3 is CR 51 ; NR 55 ; N; O; or S
  • the aromatic 5-membered ring system is a group of one of the formulae
  • Y 1 is CR 49 ; or N;
  • Y 2 is CR 50 ; or N;
  • Y 3 is CR 51 ; or N;
  • Y 4 is CR 52 ; or N; with the proviso that
  • the aromatic 6-membered ring system is a group of one of the formulae
  • R 49 and R 50 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; CH 2 CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCH 3 ;
  • R 51 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; N0 2 ; NH 2 ; OH; CN; d-4-alkyl; C 2-4 -alkenyl;
  • R 52 is H; F; CI; CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; or OCH 3 ;
  • R 53 and R 54 are independently H; or Ci -2 -alkyl
  • R 53 and R 54 together with the nitrogen atom to which they are connected can form C 3- 5-heterocyclyl moieties
  • R 55 is H; or CH 3 ; and wherein
  • a bond drawn as dotted line indicates the point of attachment of the corresponding radical or substituent.
  • Salts as understood herein are especially, but not limited to, the pharmaceutically acceptable salts of compounds of formula (I). Such salts are formed, for example, as acid addition salts with organic or inorganic acids, from macrocyclic compounds of the invention with a basic nitrogen atom. Suitable inorganic acids are, for example, halogen acids, such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, or phosphoric acid.
  • Suitable organic acids are, for example, carboxylic, phosphonic, sulfonic or sulfamic acids; like acetic acid, propionic acid, octanoic acid, decanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, amino acids, such as glutamic acid or aspartic acid, maleic acid, hydroxymaleic acid, methylmaleic acid, cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, adamantine-carboxylic acid, benzoic acid, salicylic acid, 4 aminosalicylic acid, phthalic acid, phenylacetic acid, mandelic acid, cinnamic acid, methane- or ethane-sulfonic acid, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonic acid, ethane-1 ,2- dis
  • alkyl taken alone or in combinations (i.e. as part of another group, such as “aryl-Ci-6-alkyl”), designates saturated, straight-chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals and, unless otherwise indicated, may be optionally substituted with at most 2 substituents selected from the group of F and CI.
  • Cx-y-alkyl (x and y each being an integer) refers to an alkyl group as defined above containing x to y carbon atoms. For example a Ci-6-alkyl group contains one to six carbon atoms.
  • alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n- propyl, /so-propyl, /7-butyl, /so-butyl, sec-butyl, fe -butyl, /7-pentyl, /7-hexyl and the like.
  • alkenyl taken alone or in combinations, designates straight chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals containing at least one or, depending on the chain length, up to four olefinic double bonds. Such alkenyl moieties, unless otherwise indicated, may be optionally substituted with at most 2 substituents selected from the group of F and CI, and can independently exist as E or Z configurations per double bond, which are all part of the invention.
  • C x - y -alkenyl (x and y each being an integer) refers to an alkenyl group as defined above, containing x to y carbon atoms. Examples of this moiety include, but are not limited to, vinyl, prop-1 -en-1 -yl, 2- methylprop-1 -en-1 -yl, and allyl.
  • alkynyl designates straight chain or branched hydrocarbon radicals containing at least one or, depending on the chain length, up to four triple bonds.
  • C x - y -alkynyl (x and y each being an integer) refers to an alkynyl group as defined above, containing x to y carbon atoms. Examples of this moiety include, but are not limited to, prop-2-yn-1 -yl.
  • cycloalkyi refers to a saturated or partially unsaturated alicyclic moiety having from three to eight carbon atoms and, unless otherwise indicated, may be optionally substituted with at most 2 substituents selected from the group of F and CI.
  • C x - y -cycloalkyl (x and y each being an integer) refers to a cycloalkyi group as defined above, containing x to y carbon atoms. Examples of this moiety include, but are not limited to, cyclobutyl, cyclohexyl, norbornyl and the like.
  • heterocyclyl describes a saturated or partially unsaturated mono- or bicyclic moiety having from one to seven ring carbon atoms and one or more ring heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen, provided the nitrogen is forming an aromatic amino group, or is part of an amide, urea, urethane, or sulfonamide group within the heterocyclyl moiety.
  • C x - y -heterocyclyl (x and y each being an integer) refers to a heterocyclyl group as defined above, containing x to y ring atoms.
  • Examples of this moiety include, but are not limited to, morpholino, azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, piperidinyl, and the like.
  • aryl taken alone or in combinations, designates aromatic carbocyclic hydrocarbon radicals containing one or two six-membered rings.
  • C 6 -aryl refers to phenyl.
  • C6-io-aryl refers to phenyl or naphthyl, which, unless otherwise indicated, may be optionally substituted with at most 3 substituents selected from the group of F, CI, CF3, OCF3, and OCF2.
  • heteroaryl taken alone or in combinations, designates aromatic heterocyclic radicals containing one or two five- and/or six-membered rings, at least one of them containing up to four heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of O, S and N and whereby the heteroaryl radicals or tautomeric forms thereof may be attached via any suitable atom.
  • C x - y -heteroaryl (x and y each being an integer) refers to a heteraryl group as defined above, containing x to y ring atoms. Said heteroaryl ring(s) are optionally substituted, e.g. as indicated above for "aryl".
  • C5-6-heteroaryl examples include, but are not limited to, furanyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiophenyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridyl and the like.
  • Cs-io-heteroaryl examples include, but are not limited to, furanyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiophenyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridyl, quinolinyl, benzothiofuranyl and the like.
  • -C(0)-C x - y -alkyl refers to an C x-y -alkyl group as defined above, connected to a carbonyl group.
  • Representative examples of -C(0)-C x-y -alkyl moieties include, but are not limited to, acetyl, propanoyl, /so-butanoyl and the like.
  • -C(0)-C3-6-cycloalkyl refers to an C x-y -cycloalkyl group as defined above, connected to a carbonyl group.
  • C6-aryl-C x-y -alkyl refers to an C x-y -alkyl group as defined above, substituted by an C6-aryl group, as defined above.
  • Representative examples of C6-aryl-C x-y -alkyl moieties include, but are not limited to, benzyl, 1 -phenylethyl, 2- phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl and the like.
  • C5-6-heteroaryl-C x-y -alkyl refers to an C x-y -alkyl group as defined above, substituted by a Cs-6-heteroaryl group, as defined above.
  • Examples of C5-6-heteroaryl-C x -y-alkyl groups include pyridin-3-ylmethyl, (1 H-pyrrol-2- yl)ethyl and the like.
  • alkoxy and aryloxy taken alone or in combinations, refer to the groups of -O-alkyl and -O-aryl respectively, wherein an alkyl group or an aryl group is as defined above.
  • C x-y -alkoxy (x and y each being an integer) refers to an -O- alkyl group as defined above containing x to y carbon atoms attached to an oxygen atom.
  • Representative examples of alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, /7-propoxy, /so-propoxy, /7-butoxy, fe/7-butoxy and the like.
  • aryloxy include e.g. phenoxy.
  • thioalkoxy refers to an -S-alkyl group, wherein an alkyl group is as defined above.
  • C x-y -thioalkoxy refers to an -S-alkyl group as defined above containing x to y carbon atoms attached to an sulfur atom.
  • Representative examples of thioalkoxy groups include methlythio, ethylthio and the like.
  • halogen refers to a fluorine substituent (F), a chlorine substituent (CI), a bromine substituent (Br) or an iodine substituent (I).
  • Amino designates primary, secondary or tertiary amine groups. Particular secondary and tertiary amine groups are alkylamine, dialkylamine, arylamine, diarylamine, arylalkylamine and diarylamine groups wherein the alkyl or aryl is as herein defined and optionally substituted.
  • heteroatom refers to any atom that is not carbon or hydrogen.
  • a further embodiment (2) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (1 ),
  • a further embodiment (3) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (2),
  • L is -C(O)-
  • X is O; tis 1;
  • R is CH 3 ; or CH 2 CH 3 ;
  • R 2 to R 15 , and R 35 are H;
  • R 18a is Ci-s-alkyl; orF1;
  • R 18b is F1;
  • R 19 is Ci-4-alkyl
  • R 20 is H
  • R 21 is H; or Ci- 3 -alkyl
  • R 22 is H; -(CHR 23 ) 0 C(0)OR 18a ; or -(CHR 23 ) 0 P(0)(OR 18a )(OR 18b );
  • R 23 , R 24a , and R 24b are H;
  • Z is -C(O)-
  • Z 2 is -C(0)NH-; d is 0;
  • E E2
  • o is an integer of 0-1 ;
  • G is Ci-s-alkyl; G5; G13;
  • R 25 is H
  • R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCH 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 29 is H; F; CH 3 ; or CF 3 ;
  • R 30 is H;OH;or-NH 2 ;
  • G13 is a group of one of the formulae
  • R 34 in Q1 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; Ci-4-alkyl; C 2 -4-alkenyl; or Ci-4-alkoxy;
  • Z 3 is -NR 48 C(0)-; -NR 48 C(0)NR 48 -; or -NR 8 S(0) 2 -;
  • R 34 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; Ci -4 -alkyl; C 2 -4-alkenyl; or Ci -4 -alkoxy;
  • R 36 is H1; H2; orH3;
  • R 37 is H; F; CI; CH 3 ; OCH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 38 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci-4-alkyl; C 2-4 -alkenyl; Ci -4 -alkoxy;
  • Ci-4-thioalkoxy or C 3-4 -cycloalkyl
  • R 39 is H; F; CI; Br; I; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; CN; Ci -6 -alkyl; Ci -6 -alkoxy;
  • Ci-6-thioalkoxy C 3- 6-cycloalkyl; or C 3- 6-heterocyclyl;
  • R 3 is H13
  • R 44 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci -4 -alkyl; Ci-4-alkoxy; Ci-4-thioalkoxy; or C 3- 4-cycloalkyl;
  • R 45 is H; F; CI; or CH 3 ;
  • R 47 and R 48 are H; m and n are 0;
  • g is 0; or 1;
  • R 49 , R 50 and R 52 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCH 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 51 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; NH 2 ; Ci- 3 -alkyl; or Ci -3 -alkoxy; with the proviso that in H24 two of the substituents are H; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (4) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (3),
  • R 17 is -C(0)OR 18a ; or -P(0)(OR 18a )(OR 18b );
  • R 22 is H; or -(CHR 23 ) 0 C(0)OR 18a ;
  • G is Ci-3-alkyl; G5; G13 1 ; or G13";
  • R 25 is H
  • R 26 , R 27 , and R 28 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCH 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 29 is H; F; CH 3 ; or CF 3 ; with the proviso that,
  • R 34 in Q1 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; Ci-4-alkyl; C 2-4 -alkenyl; or Ci-4-alkoxy;
  • G is G5; G13' or G13";
  • Q is Q1 ; or Q2; R 34 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; Ci -4 -alkyl; C 2 - 4 -alkenyl; or Ci -4 -alkoxy;
  • R 36 is is a group of one of the formulae
  • R 37 and R 38 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; OCH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 39 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ;
  • R 40 and R 48 are H
  • M' is O; or S with the proviso that,
  • Q is Q1 ; or Q2;
  • Q is Q1 ;
  • R 34 in Q1 is H; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (5) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (3),
  • R 17 is -C(0)OR 18a ;
  • R 22 is H; or -(CHR 23 ) 0 C(0)OR 18a ; in substituent Q
  • R 34 is H; F; CF 3 ; OH; Ci -4 -alkyl; or Ci-4-alkoxy;
  • R 36 is is a group of one of the formulae
  • R 37 and R 38 are independently H; F; CI; CH 3 ; OCH 3 ; CF 3 ; OCF 3 ; or OCHF 2 ;
  • R 39 is H; F; CI; CF 3 ; OH; OCF 3 ; OCHF 2 ; Ci-4-alkyl; Ci-4-alkoxy;
  • R 40 and R 48 are H
  • M' is 0; or S; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (6) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (5),
  • R is CH 3 ; for substituent Q
  • R 36 is H2'
  • a further embodiment (7) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (3),
  • R is CH 3 ; or CH 2 CH 3 ; a group of one of the formulae
  • G is phenyl; 1-naphthyl; 2-naphthyl; G5'; G5"; G5 m ; G5 IV ; G5 V ; G5 VI ; G5 VM ;
  • Z 3 is -NHC(O)-; or -NHC(0)NH-;
  • R 34 is H;OH;orOCH 3 ;
  • R 36 is a group of one of the formulae
  • Q is O; orQ1; R 34 in Q1 is H; in H24 positioned between functional moieties L and X R 49 , R 50 , R 51 , and R 52 are H; or
  • R49 s F, R 50 is H, R 51 is H, and R 52 is F; or
  • R49 s F, R 50 is F, R 51 is H, and R 52 is H;
  • R49 s CI, R 50 is H, R 51 is H, and R 52 is H; or
  • R49 s OCHs R 50 is H, R 51 is H, and R 52 is H; or
  • R49 s H, R 50 is H, R 51 is H, and R 52 is OCH 3 ;
  • R49 s H, R 50 is H, R 51 is NH 2 , and R 52 is H; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (8) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (7),
  • R is CH 3 ; or CH 2 CH 3 ;
  • E is E1 1 ; E1"; E1 '"; E2 1 ; E2"; or E3 1 ;
  • G is CH3; phenyl; 1 -naphthyl; 2-naphthyl; or a group of one of the formulae G5'; G5"; G5'"; G5 IV ; G5 V ; G5 VI ; G5 VM ; G5 vm ; or G13 111 ;
  • Z 3 is -NHC(O)-; or -NHC(0)NH-;
  • R 36 is a group of one of the formulae H2»; ⁇ 2» 1 ; H2 IV ; H2 V ; H2 VI ; H2 V ";
  • H2 IM H2 IX ; H2 X ; H1"; or H3 1 ;
  • Q is Q2; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (9) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (8),
  • E is E1 "; or E1'";
  • R 18a and R 18b are F1 ; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (10) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (8),
  • E is E1 1 ; E2 1 ; E2»; or E3';
  • R 18a is CH 3 ; or CH 2 CH 3 ; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (1 1) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (8),
  • E is E3';
  • R 8a is CH 2 CH 3 ; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • a further embodiment (12) of the present invention may also include compounds, which are identical to the compounds of formula (I), except that one or more atoms are replaced by an atom having an atomic mass number or mass different from the atomic mass number or mass usually found in nature, e.g. compounds enriched in 2 H (D), 3 H, 11 C, 14 C, 127 l etc.
  • isotopic analogs and their pharmaceutical salts and formulations are considered useful agents in the therapy and/or diagnostic, for example, but not limited to, where a fine-tuning of in vivo half-life time could lead to an optimized dosage regimen.
  • a further embodiment (13) of the invention relates to compounds of formula (I) according to embodiment (1 ) which are selected from the group consisting of Ex.1 to Ex.12, the lUPAC names of which are shown in Table 01 b; or tautomers or rotamers thereof; or salts; or pharmaceutically acceptable salts; or solvates thereof.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention can formally be dissected into building blocks A, B, and C. Additionally, building block C can be divided into two appropriately substituted subunits c1 and c2. Scheme 1 : Building blocks
  • Building block A is based on appropriately substituted and protected divalent phenol or thiophenol derivatives.
  • Building block B is corresponding to appropriately substituted and protected secondary aminoalcohols.
  • appropriately substituted subunits c1 and c2 are derived from suitably substituted and protected precursors, like, but not limited to, appropriately substituted and protected amino acids derivatives. Synthesis of the building blocks
  • the macrocydic compounds of the invention can be obtained by cyclization of suitable linear precursors which are derived from optionally substituted bifunctional phenols or thiophenols A, substituted amino alcohols B, and two building blocks forming C. If needed, further transformations can be performed.
  • Variable substituents can be introduced by pre- or postcyclative derivatization of one or more orthogonally protected attachment points (e.g. amino groups, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups) on B, C or A.
  • Variable R-groups may also be introduced as side chain motifs of the subunits of building block C.
  • the macrocyclic products of the invention can be prepared either in solution or on solid support.
  • the essential ring closure reaction may be performed between any of the building blocks; for example, macrocycles of formula (I) may be obtained by
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention exhibit antiproliferative and/or anti- clonogenic activity on various cancers cell lines.
  • the compounds of the invention also show activity leading to reduced protein levels of Pin1 regulated proteins in cancer cell lines where Pin1 is involved in positive modulation of such protein levels. They can additionally be metabolized to modulators of Pin1 and thus may be used in a wide range of applications in order to modulate Pin1 activity, leading to the desired therapeutic effect in man or in other mammals.
  • prodrugs can be used as prodrugs, the term "prodrug” referring to a compound that can be converted in vivo into the parent active form.
  • a prodrug may be favorable, and a prodrug-type approach, for example, can be utilized for acid-bearing compounds to mask the corresponding acid moiety, including carboxylic and phosphonic acids.
  • a prodrug would be a compound that is administered as an ester (representing the "prodrug") to improve cell-permeability. Inside the cell, the ester would then be metabolically hydrolyzed to the respective acid, representing the active entity.
  • ester representing the "prodrug”
  • Conventional procedures for the selection and preparation of prodrug derivatives are described, for example, in H.
  • the compounds of the invention can be used as agents for treating and/or preventing and/or delaying the onset of diseases, disorders or conditions related to abnormal cell growth, such as various cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer, and gastric cancer; or sarcoma, such as Ewing's sarcoma; or lymphoma, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma; or leukemia, such as promyelotic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia; inflammatory diseases, such as asthma, allergic pulmonary eosinophilia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis or inflammatory bowel diseases; or acute neurological disorders, such as stroke; or neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease and frontotemporal dementia; or viral infections, such as HIV/AIDS; or infection with intracellular and extracellular pathogens, such as infections by Chlamydia trachomatis; or osteolytic bone diseases, such as period
  • macrocyclic compounds of the invention can be administered singly, as mixtures of several macrocyclic compounds of the invention, in combination with other anti cancer agents, or antiviral (e.g. anti-HIV) agents, or in combination with other pharmaceutically active agents.
  • the macrocyclic compounds can be administered per se or as pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be administered per se or may be applied as an appropriate formulation together with carriers, diluents or excipients well known in the art.
  • compositions comprising macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be manufactured by means of conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, coated tablet making, levigating, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping or lyophilizing processes.
  • Pharmaceutical compositions may be formulated in conventional manner using one or more physiologically acceptable carriers, diluents, excipients or auxiliaries which facilitate processing of the macrocyclic compounds into preparations which can be used pharmaceutically. Proper formulation depends upon the method of administration chosen.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be formulated as solutions, gels, ointments, creams, suspensions, etc. as are well known in the art.
  • Systemic formulations include those designed for administration by injection, e.g. subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intrathecal or intraperitoneal injection, as well as those designed for transdermal, transmucosal, oral or pulmonary administration.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be formulated in adequate solutions, preferably in physiologically compatible buffers such as Hink's solution, Ringer's solution, or physiological saline buffer.
  • the solutions may contain formulatory agents such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be in powder form for combination with a suitable vehicle, e.g., sterile pyrogen free water, before use.
  • penetrants appropriate to the barrier to be permeated are used in the formulation as known in the art.
  • the compounds can be readily formulated by combining the active macrocyclic compounds of the invention with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers well known in the art.
  • Such carriers enable the ester compounds of the invention to be formulated as tablets, pills, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions etc., for oral ingestion by a patient to be treated.
  • suitable excipients include fillers such as sugars, such as lactose, sucrose, mannitol and sorbitol; cellulose preparations such as maize starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, gelatin, gum tragacanth, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP); granulating agents; and binding agents.
  • desintegrating agents may be added, such as cross linked polyvinylpyrrolidones, agar, or alginic acid or a salt thereof, such as sodium alginate.
  • solid dosage forms may be sugar coated or enteric coated using standard techniques.
  • suitable carriers, excipients or diluents include water, glycols, oils, alcohols, etc.
  • flavoring agents, preservatives, coloring agents and the like may be added.
  • the composition may take the form of tablets, lozenges, etc. formulated as usual.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention are conveniently delivered in form of an aerosol spray from pressurized packs or a nebulizer, with the use of a suitable propellant, e.g. dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluromethane, carbon dioxide or another suitable gas.
  • a suitable propellant e.g. dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluromethane, carbon dioxide or another suitable gas.
  • the dose unit may be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount.
  • Capsules and cartridges of e.g. gelatin for use in an inhaler or insufflator may be formulated containing a powder mix of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
  • the compounds may also be formulated in rectal or vaginal compositions such as suppositories together with appropriate suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerides.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may also be formulated as depot preparations. Such long acting formulations may be administered by implantation (e.g. subcutaneously or intramuscularly) or by intramuscular injection.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be formulated with suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials (e.g. as an emulsion in an acceptable oil) or ion exchange resins, or as sparingly soluble salts.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may be delivered using a sustained release system, such as semipermeable matrices of solid polymers containing the therapeutic agent (e.g. for coated stents).
  • sustained release materials have been established and are well known by those skilled in the art.
  • Sustained release capsules may, depending on their chemical nature, release the compounds for a few weeks up to over 100 days.
  • additional strategies for protein stabilization may be employed.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may contain charged residues, they may be included in any of the above described formulations as such or as pharmaceutically acceptable salts. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts tend to be more soluble in aqueous and other protic solvents than are the corresponding free forms.
  • the compounds of the present invention and their pharmaceutical acceptable salts may be used per se or in any appropriate formulation in morphological different solid state forms, which may or may not contain different amounts of solvent, e.g. hydrate.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention, or compositions thereof, will generally be used in an amount effective to achieve the intended purpose. It is to be understood that the amount used will depend on a particular application.
  • the macrocyclic compounds of the invention or compositions thereof are administered or applied in a therapeutically effective amount. Determination of a therapeutically effective amount is well within the capacities of those skilled in the art, especially in view of the detailed disclosure provided herein.
  • a therapeutically effective dose can be estimated initially from in vitro assays.
  • a dose can be formulated in animal models to achieve a circulating macrocyclic compounds concentration range that includes the GI50 (or IC50) as determined in an cell-based assay. Such information can be used to more accurately determine useful doses in humans.
  • Initial dosages can also be determined from in vivo data, e.g. animal models, using techniques that are well known in the art. One having ordinary skill in the art could readily optimize administration to humans based on animal data.
  • Dosage amounts for applications as compounds that can be metabolized to agents for Pin1 modulation may be adjusted individually to provide plasma levels of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention which are sufficient to maintain the therapeutic effect.
  • Therapeutically effective serum levels may be achieved by administering multiple doses each day. In cases of local administration or selective uptake, the effective local concentration of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention may not be related to plasma concentration.
  • the amount of macrocyclic compounds of the invention administered will, of course, be dependent on the subject being treated, on the subject's weight, the severity of the affliction, the manner of administration and the judgement of the prescribing physician.
  • a therapeutically effective dose of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention described herein will provide therapeutic benefit without causing substantial toxicity.
  • Toxicity of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention can be determined by standard pharmaceutical procedures in experimental animals, e.g., by determining the LD50 (the dose lethal to 50% of the population) or the LD100 (the dose lethal to 100% of the population).
  • the dose ratio between toxic and therapeutic effect is the therapeutic index. Compounds which exhibit high therapeutic indices are preferred.
  • the data obtained from these animal studies can be used in formulating a dosage range that is not toxic for use in humans.
  • the dosage of the macrocyclic compounds of the invention lies preferably within a range of circulating concentrations that include the effective dose with little or no toxicity. The dosage may vary within the range depending upon the dosage form employed and the route of administration utilized.
  • the effective dosage of the compounds of the invention employed may vary depending on the particular compound or pharmaceutical preparation employed, the mode of administration and the severity and type of the condition treated.
  • the dosage regimen is selected in accordance with factors including the route of administration and the clearance pathway, e.g. the renal and hepatic function of the patient.
  • a physician, clinician or veterinarian skilled in the art can readily determine and prescribe the amount of the single compound of the invention required to prevent, ameliorate or arrest the progress of the condition or disease.
  • Optimal precision in achieving concentrations of the compounds without toxicity requires a regimen based on the kinetics of the compounds' availability to the target sites. This involves a consideration of the distribution, equilibrium, and elimination of the compounds of the invention.
  • ADDP 1 ,1 '-(azodicarbonyl)dipiperidine
  • CMBP cyanomethylenetributyl-phosphorane
  • DIAD diisopropyl azodicarboxylate
  • HATU C>-(7-azabenzotriazol-1 -yl)-/V,/V,/V',/V-tetramethyluronium hexafluorophosphate
  • i-Pr2 ⁇ D diisopropyl ether
  • i-Pr2NEt /V-ethyl-/V,/V-diisopropylamine
  • Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0)
  • Tris-HCI tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride
  • T3P T3PTM propanephosphonic acid cyclic anhydride
  • Flash chromatography Fluka silica gel 60 (0.04-0.063 mm) and Interchim Puriflash IR 60 silica gel (0.04-0.063 mm).
  • Method 1a m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 20V
  • Method 1 b m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 80V
  • Method 1c m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 1d m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 1e m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 80V
  • Method 1g m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 20V Method 2
  • Method 2a m/z 95 - 800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 2b m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 3a m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 3b m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 4a m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 4b m/z 95 - 800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 4d m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 5a m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V Method 6
  • Method 6a m/z 95 - 2000, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 60V
  • Method 6b m/z 95 - 2000, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 20V
  • Method 6c m/z 95 - 2000, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 7a m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; profile mode, positive mode 40V
  • Method 7b m/z 95 - 1800, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V Method 8
  • Method 9a m/z 95 - 2000, 2 sec; centroid mode, positive mode 40V
  • 3-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (6), 2-chloro-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (7), 3,5-dichloro- 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8), 4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoic acid (9), 4-hydroxy-3- methoxybenzoic acid (10) and methyl 4-hydroxy-3-nitrobenzoate (1 1 ) are commercially available.
  • Tert.-butyl ((3R,5S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidin-3-yl)carbamate hydrochloride (12 HCI) is commercially available.
  • allyl bromide (10.0 mL, 1 16.0 mmol) was added drop by drop to a mixture of 20 (17.0 g, 38.7 mmol) and NaHCOs (16.2 g, 193.0 mmol) in DMF (70 mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to rt and stirring was then continued for 65 h. The mixture was diluted with EtOAc and filtered. The filtrate was washed (1 M aq. HCI soln, sat. aq. NaHCOs soln, sat. aq. NaCI soln), dried (Na2S0 4 ), filtered and concentrated to give 21 (18.7 g).
  • Methyl 3-aminopropanoate hydrochloride (28 HCI) is commercially available.
  • Tert. -butyl 3-aminopropanoate hydrochloride (29 HCI) is commercially available.
  • 3-Aminopentanedioic acid (32) is commercially available.
  • N-Phenylglycine (38a) is commercially available.
  • N-Phenylglycine (38a; 3.0 g, 20 mmol) was dissolved in 5 M aq. NaOH soln (10 mL) and H 2 0 (4 mL) and the solution was cooled to 0°C. Allyl chloroformate (2.3 mL, 22 mmol) was added slowly. The mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h and cooled to 0°C. More 5 M aq. NaOH soln (10 mL) and allyl chloroformate (2.0 mL, 21 mmol) were added and stirring was continued for 3 h. More 5 M aq.
  • tert.-butyl bromoacetate (2.2 mL, 14.8 mmol) was slowly added over 1 h to a soln of 2-naphthylamine (40b; 1.0 g, 6,98 mmol) and Et 3 N (3.01 mL, 21 .6 mmol) in DMF 42 mL).
  • Stirring at 50°C was continued for 1 h, followed by the addn of tert- butyl bromoacetate (1 .1 mL, 7.44 mmol) over 0.5 h.
  • Stirring was continued for 1 h.
  • the mixture was poured into a mixture of ice / sat. aq. NaHCC>3 soln and extracted with EtOAc.
  • the organc phase was dried (Na2S0 4 ), filtered and concentrated.
  • FC (hexane / EtOAc) gave 41 b (0.69 g, 38%).
  • tert.-butyl bromoacetate 8.15 mL, 55.2 mmol was slowly added to a soln of 1- naphthylamine (40c; 5.0 g, 34.9 mmol) and Et 3 N (5.3 mL, 38.0 mmol) in DMF (15 mL). The soln was stirred at rt for 2 h and then at 50°C for 16 h followed by an aq. workup (EtOAc, sat. aq. NaHCOs soln, 1 M aq. HCI soln, H 2 0, sat. aq. NaCI soln; Na 2 S0 4 ).
  • tert.-butyl bromoacetate 9.2 mL, 62.0 mmol was added to a soln of 3- (trifluoromethyl)aniline (40d; 5.0 g, 31 mmol) and Et 3 N (13.0 mL, 93 mmol) in DMF (1 10 mL). The mixture was stirred for 2 h at 70°C. More tert.-butyl bromoacetate (14.0 mL, 93.1 mmol) and Et 3 N (17.0 mL, 124 mmol) were added and stirring at 70°C was continued for 16 h.
  • 41e (2.59 g, 52%, purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc) was obtained from 2- methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneamine (40e; 3.0 g, 17.1 mmol), tert.-butyl bromoacetate (18.4 mL, 137 mmol) and Et 3 N (14.4 mL, 103 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 41 d.
  • 41f (4.09 g, 82%, purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc)) was obtained from 4- methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzeneamine (40f; 3.0 g, 17.1 mmol), tert.-butyl bromoacetate (17.8 mL, 120 mmol) and Et 3 N (14.4 mL, 103 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 41 d.
  • 41 h (5.1 g, 87%; purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc)) was obtained from m- anisidine (40h; 3.03 g, 24.6 mmol), tert.-butyl bromoacetate (4.3 mL, 29.2 mmol) and K2CO3 (10.1 g, 73.2 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 41g.
  • LC-MS (method 1f): R t 2.13 (92%), 238.1 ([M+H] + ).
  • 41 i (2.9 g, 53%; purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc)) was obtained from 5- chloro-2-methylaniline (40i; 3.0 g, 21.2 mmol), tert.-butyl bromoacetate (3.75 mL, 25.4 mmol) and K2CO3 (8.8 g, 63.5 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 41g, however heating at 40 - 50°C was continued for 21 h.
  • ADDP (2.9 g, 1 1.5 mmol) was slowly added to soln of phenol 45 (3.13 g, 7.6 mmol), alcohol 13 (3.35 g, 9.3 mmol) and PPh 3 (3.0 g, 1 1 .4 mmol) in degassed CHCI 3 (60 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h. Evaporation of the volatiles and purification of the residue by FC (hexane / EtOAc) afforded 46 (4.86 g, 84%).
  • ADDP (14.9 g, 59.2 mmol) in CHCI 3 (75 mL) was added drop by drop to a soln of methyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (3; 7.2 g, 47.3 mmol), alcohol 14 (1 1.85 g, 39.5 mmol) and PPh 3 (15.5 g, 59.2 mmol) in CHCI 3 (200 mL).
  • the mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h followed by an aq. workup (CH2CI2, sat. aq. NaHCC>3 soln; Na2S0 4 ).
  • the resulting crude product was suspended in CH2CI2 / hexane 2:8 and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated and purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc) to afford 48 (16.0 g, 93%).
  • ADDP (3.6 g, 14.2 mmol) was slowly added to soln of phenol 45 (3.9 g, 9.4 mmol), alcohol 15 (3.8 g, 9.5 mmol) and PPh 3 (3.7 g, 14.2 mmol) in degassed CHCI3 (75 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h. Evaporation of the volatiles and purification of the residue by FC (hexane / EtOAc) afforded 52 (6.83 g, 91 %).
  • HATU (0.31 g, 0.82 mmol) was added to a soln of the amine 47 (0.33 g, 0.54 mmol), the acid 39a (0.17 g, 0.71 mmol) and i-Pr 2 NEt (0.28 mL, 1 .63 mmol) in DMF (6 mL).
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.108 mL, 0.63 mmol) was added to a soln of crude 61a (125 mg), ⁇ -alanine methylester hydrochloride (28 HCI; 59 mg, 0.42 mmol), HATU (160 mg, 0.42 mmol) and HOAt (57 mg, 0.42 mmol) in DMF (4 mL). Stirring at 0°C was continued for 2 h. Aq workup (EtOAc, aq. NaHCOs soln; Na 2 S04) and FC (hexane / EtOAc / MeOH) afforded 62a (104 mg, 95% over the two steps).
  • Boc amine 62a (105 mg, 0.15 mmol) was treated with 4 M HCI in dioxane (3 mL) for 2 h. Evaporation of the volatiles gave crude 63a HCI (103 mg).
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.38 mL, 2.2 mmol) was slowly added to a soln of amine 47 (0.45 g, 0.74 mmol), acid 39b (0.34 g, 1 .18 mmol) and T3P (50% in EtOAc; 0.87 mL, 1 .5 mmol) in CH2CI2 (3 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h followed by an aq. workup (CH2CI2, sat. aq. NaHCC>3 soln; Na2S0 4 ) and purification of the crude product by FC (hexane / EtOAc) to give 58b (0.47 g, 72%).
  • FC hexane / EtOAc
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.084 mL, 0.49 mmol) was added to a soln of 61 b (79 mg, 0.123 mmol), ⁇ -alanine methylester hydrochloride (28 HCI; 22 mg, 0.16 mmol), HATU (70 mg, 0.18 mmol) and HOAt (25 mg, 0.18 mmol) in DMF (4 mL). Stirring at 0°C was continued for 2 h. Aq. workup (EtOAc, aq. NaHCC>3 soln; Na2S0 4 ) and FC (hexane / EtOAc / MeOH) afforded 62b (77 mg, 86%).
  • Boc amine 62b (84 mg, 0.1 15 mmol) was treated with 4 M HCI in dioxane (3 mL) for 3 h at rt. Evaporation of the volatiles gave crude 63b HCI (100 mg, contained residual dioxane).
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.10 mL, 0.46 mmol) was added to a soln of crude 63b HCI (100 mg) and 3-chlorobenzoyl chloride (55 mg, 0.31 mmol) in CH2CI2 (3 mL). The mixture was stirred at rt for 3 h followed by an aq. workup (CH2CI2, 1 M aq. NaHCC soln; Na 2 S0 4 ) and FC (hexane / EtOAc / MeOH) to give 64b (64 mg, 72% over the two steps).
  • HATU (0.56 g, 1 .48 mmol) was added to a soln of the amine 47 (0.60 g, 0.98 mmol), the acid 39c (0.36 g, 1.28 mmol) and i-Pr 2 NEt (0.51 mL, 2.95 mmol) in DMF (10 mL).
  • the mixture was stirred at 0°C to rt for 1 .5 h followed by an aq. workup (EtOAc, half-sat. aq. Na 2 C0 3 soln; Na 2 S0 4 ) and FC (hexane / EtOAc) to give 58c (0.95 g, 98%; contained ca 10% of DMF).
  • Boc amine 62c 34 mg, 0.047 mmol was treated with 4 M HCI in dioxane (3 mL) for 3 h at rt. Evaporation of the volatiles gave crude 63c HCI (contained ca 10% of a diastereomer and residual dioxane; 38 mg).
  • the amide 65e (purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc); 0.84 g, 59%) was obtained from 27 (0.9 g, 1 .92 mmol) and 41e (1 .1 1 g, 3.84 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 65d.
  • Amide 65h (1 .9 g, contained ca 20% of ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylisobutyramide; used without further purification) was obtained from 27 (1.33 g, 2.84 mmol) and 41 h (1 .01 g, 4.26 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 65g.
  • Amide 65i (0.84 g, contained ca 15% of ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylisobutyramide; used without further purification) was obtained from 27 (0.73 g, 1.56 mmol) and 41 i (0.6 g, 2.34 mmol) applying the procedure described for the synthesis of 65g.
  • Immobilisation of acids The resin was suspended in CH2CI2. A soln of the respective amide and i-Pr2NEt in DMF (or CH2CI2) was added. The mixture was shaken at rt for 2.5 h under argon. The resin was filtered and washed (CH2CI2, DMF and CH2CI2). Capping: Jhe resin was shaken in CH2CI2 / MeOH / i-Pr2NEt 15:2:3 for 30 min and filtered. The capping step was repeated twice. The resin was washed (CH2CI2, DMF, CH 2 CI 2 and Et 2 0).
  • Preswelling of ' the resin The respective resin was suspended in DMF, shaken for 1 h and filtered.
  • Preswelling of the resin Resin 67b (200 mg, loading 0.61 mmol/g; 0.12 mmol), DMF (2 ml_); Cleavage of the Fmoc group: ' 2% v/v DBU in DMF (2 mL) for each deprotection cycle; Coupling of the acid 51: DMF (2 mL), then i-Pr 2 NEt (0.251 mL, 1.46 mmol), HATU (162 mg, 0.43 mmol), HOAt (58 mg, 0.42 mmol) and acid 51 (1 12 mg, 0.24 mmol); Cleavage of the Alloc group: Per deprotection cycle CH2CI2 (2 mL), phenylsilane (0.30 mL, 2.44 mmol) and Pd(PPh 3 ) 4 (28 mg);
  • Resin 67d 650 mg, loading 0.24 mmol/g; 0.16 mmol), DMF (6.5 mL);
  • Resin 67e (340 mg, loading 0.56 mmol/g; 0.19 mmol), DMF (3.4 mL);
  • Resin 67f 650 mg, loading 0.12 mmol/g; 0.078 mmol), DMF (6.5 mL);
  • Resin 67g (172 mg, loading 0.58 mmol/g; 0.10 mmol), DMF (2 mL);
  • Resin 67h (286 mg, loading 0.35 mmol/g; 0.10 mmol), DMF (3 mL);
  • Resin 67i (208 mg, loading 0.48 mmol/g; 0.10 mmol), DMF (2 mL);
  • Resin 67j (286 mg, loading 0.35 mmol/g; 0.10 mmol), DMF (3 mL);
  • Resin 67k (230 mg, loading 0.6 mmol/g; 0.14 mmol), DMF (2.5 mL);
  • the macrocyclic ester 64b (1 1 mg, 20% based on 67b) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68b (60 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.106 mL, 0.62 mmol) in DMF (10 mL) to a soln of FDPP (59 mg, 0.154 mmol) in DMF (120 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69d (43 mg, 35% based on 67d) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68d (148 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.246 ml_, 1.44 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (138 mg, 0.359 mmol) in DMF (270 ml_).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69e (37 mg, 28% based on 67e) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68e (82 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.17 mL, 1 .0 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (96 mg, 0.25 mmol) in DMF (180 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69f (9 mg, 14% based on 67f) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68f (31 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.052 mL, 0.3 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) to a soln of FDPP (29 mg, 0.076 mmol) in DMF (55 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69g (30 mg, 41 % based on 67g) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68g (99 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.187 mL, 1 .09 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (105 mg, 0.272 mmol) in DMF (200 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69h (34 mg, 45% based on 67h) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68h (103 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.186 mL, 1.09 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (105 mg, 0.272 mmol) in DMF (200 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69i (22 mg, 29% based on 67i) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68i (98 mg) and i-Pr 2 NEt (0.177 mL, 1.04 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (100 mg, 0.259 mmol) in DMF (190 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69j (31 mg, 37% based on 67j) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68j (88 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.156 mL, 0.91 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (87 mg, 0.228 mmol) in DMF (160 mL).
  • the macrocyclic ester 69k (34 mg, 30% based on 67k) was obtained according to the general procedure by adding crude 68k (124 mg) and i-Pr2NEt (0.189 mL, 1.1 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) to a soln of FDPP (106 mg, 0.276 mmol) in DMF (200 mL).
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.15 mL, 0.88 mmol) was added to a soln of 76I (150 mg), HATU (120 mg, 0.32 mmol), HOAt (50 mg, 0.37 mmol) and ⁇ -alanine methylester hydrochloride (28 HCI; 39 mg, 0.28 mmol) in DMF (4 mL).
  • the mixture was stirred at 0°C to rt for 18 h followed by an aq. workup (EtOAc, 1 M aq. NaHCOs soln).
  • the crude product was purified by FC (hexane / EtOAc / MeOH) to yield 77I (135 mg, 83% over the two steps).
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.013 mL, 0.08 mmol) was added to a soln of 76m (50 mg), HATU (15 mg, 0.04 mmol), HOAt (5.3 mg, 0.04 mmol) and ⁇ -alanine methylester hydrochloride (28 HCI; 5.4 mg, 0.04 mmol) in DMF (2 mL).
  • the mixture was stirred at 0°C to rt for 3 h followed by an aq. workup (EtOAc, 2 M aq. Na 2 C0 3 soln; Na 2 S0 4 ).
  • the crude product was purified by FC (CH2CI2 / MeOH) to yield 77m (13 mg, ca 17%). The material was used without further purification.
  • the macrocyclic acid 87 was prepared as described in the preceding patent application WO201 1/014973 A2.
  • i-Pr 2 NEt (0.13 mL, 0.759 mmol) was slowly added to a soln of acid 87 (100 mg, 0.188 mmol), amine 31 CF 3 C0 2 H (71.0 mg, 0.225 mmol), HATU (214 mg, 0.563 mmol) and HOAt (66 mg, 0.485 mmol) in DMF (3 mL).
  • the soln was stirred at 0°C for 2 h followed by an aq. workup (EtOAc, H 2 0; Na 2 S0 4 ) and FC (CH 2 CI 2 / MeOH; repurification with EtOAc / EtOH) to afford 88 (59 mg, 44%).

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Abstract

Formule (I); L'invention concerne des composés macrocycliques à conformation limitée de formule (I), y compris les substituants E avec au moins une fraction ester, G et Q, tels que définis dans la description et les revendications, et leurs sels, lesdits composés pouvant être métabolisés en composés ayant la propriété de moduler l'activité des peptidyl-prolyl cis/trans isomérases Pin1. Ils présentent par ailleurs une activité anti-proliférative sur diverses lignées de cellules cancéreuses. Ces composés et ces compositions pharmaceutiques contenant lesdits composés peuvent être utiles pour traiter et/ou prévenir les maladies ou les pathologies relevant du domaine des affections et des maladies prolifératives, comme le cancer, les maladies inflammatoires, le rejet de greffe, les infections virales, les maladies osseuses ostéolytiques, les maladies cardiaques, les maladies cardiovasculaires, les maladies respiratoires, les maladies neurologiques aiguës, les maladies neurodégénératives, les maladies immunitaires et la theilériose lymphoproliférative.
PCT/EP2016/025111 2015-10-12 2016-10-12 Composés macrocycliques à conformation limitée WO2017063755A1 (fr)

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CN109206330A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-15 上海现代制药海门有限公司 一种氮取代天门冬氨酸的制备方法

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CN109206330A (zh) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-15 上海现代制药海门有限公司 一种氮取代天门冬氨酸的制备方法

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