WO2017045584A1 - 一种通风净化器 - Google Patents

一种通风净化器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017045584A1
WO2017045584A1 PCT/CN2016/098851 CN2016098851W WO2017045584A1 WO 2017045584 A1 WO2017045584 A1 WO 2017045584A1 CN 2016098851 W CN2016098851 W CN 2016098851W WO 2017045584 A1 WO2017045584 A1 WO 2017045584A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
blade
air
impeller
tuyere
motor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2016/098851
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
兰德⋅瑞恩迈克
Original Assignee
吴瑞霞
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 吴瑞霞 filed Critical 吴瑞霞
Priority to EP16845698.6A priority Critical patent/EP3351718A4/en
Publication of WO2017045584A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017045584A1/zh
Priority to US15/920,613 priority patent/US10711804B2/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/80—Self-contained air purifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0039—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices
    • B01D46/0041—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices for feeding
    • B01D46/0045—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with flow guiding by feed or discharge devices for feeding by using vanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/52—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material
    • B01D46/521—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded corrugated or wound sheet material using folded, pleated material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/56—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D46/62—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition connected in series
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • F04D25/12—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation the unit being adapted for mounting in apertures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/32—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps
    • F04D29/325—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for axial flow pumps for axial flow fans
    • F04D29/329—Details of the hub
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/542—Bladed diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/545—Ducts
    • F04D29/547—Ducts having a special shape in order to influence fluid flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/661—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/662—Balancing of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/70—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning
    • F04D29/701—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/703—Suction grids; Strainers; Dust separation; Cleaning especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps specially for fans, e.g. fan guards
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/28—Arrangement or mounting of filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F24F7/013—Ventilation with forced flow using wall or window fans, displacing air through the wall or window
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
    • E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
    • E06B2007/023—Air flow induced by fan
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/32—Supports for air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/20—Casings or covers
    • F24F2013/205—Mounting a ventilator fan therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
    • F24F2221/38—Personalised air distribution
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/15—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means
    • F24F8/158—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering by chemical means using active carbon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of air purification, and in particular to a ventilation purifier.
  • the invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, and provides a ventilation purifier with high efficiency ventilation, filtration efficiency, convenient installation and economy and practicality.
  • the ventilator can also be conveniently used as a simple ventilation or simply filtration.
  • a ventilation purifier comprising an electric fan, characterized in that the electric fan is equipped with a pre-filter (9) and a main filter (16), the pre-filter The net (9) and the main filter (16) are respectively disposed upstream and downstream of the airflow (flowing through the electric fan); at the outer edge of the air inlet end of the electric fan, there is a tuyere docking member (4), in the electric fan There is a support (23) below.
  • the electric fan is an axial fan, comprising a casing (15), an impeller (6) and a motor (13).
  • the motor (13) is supported on the cylinder by a plurality of radial guide vanes (5) or struts
  • the shaft of the casing (15), the impeller (6) is mounted on the output shaft of the motor (13), and the guide vanes (5) or struts are located upstream or downstream of the impeller (6).
  • the hub of the impeller (6) is a circular balance baffle (25), and a plurality of radial slide rails (26) uniformly distributed along the circumference are provided on the inner side of the balance baffle (25).
  • the balance rail (27) is slidably mounted on the slide rail (26), and the balance of the balance block (27) is adjusted to adjust the balance of the impeller (6), and the balance block (27) is fixed by an adhesive;
  • the center of (25) is provided with a mounting hole for mounting on the output shaft of the motor and a circumferentially uniform hole allowing passage of cooling air; an arc-shaped flow guiding cover is arranged upstream of the balancing baffle (25) ( 34) to enhance the aerodynamic efficiency of the root of the impeller (6).
  • the parabola is used to design the planar projection of the leading edge (28) and the trailing edge (29) of the blade of the impeller (6), and the circular projection is used to design the planar projection of the root (30) and the blade top (31) of the blade; That is, a parabola is used to design a planar airfoil and project onto a cylindrical surface to produce a cylindrical airfoil (32) having a circular thickness and a trailing edge having a constant thickness in the circumferential direction and a linear gradient thickness in the radial direction.
  • the blade pitch angle of the blade from the blade root to the blade tip of the impeller (6) is 69.3-74.7 degrees, and the blade pitch angle is defined as the angle from the impeller axis to the airfoil string, from the blade root to the tip of the blade.
  • the total twist angle is 5.4 degrees, and the total twist angle is defined as the difference between the pitch angle at the blade root minus the pitch angle at the tip; the corresponding guide vane (5) has the NACA 4-digit base series of arch lines and the blades
  • V is the axial flow velocity and Vc is the circumferential velocity.
  • the electric fan is a centrifugal fan, comprising a casing (15), an impeller (6) and a motor (13).
  • the casing (15) is in the shape of a volute, and the motor (13) is installed at the center of one end of the casing (15).
  • the impeller (6) is mounted on the output shaft of the motor (13), the center of the other end of the outer casing (15) is the air inlet end, and the tangential opening of the outer casing (15) is the air outlet end, and the air outlet interface directly with the air outlet (4) Connected or indirectly connected to the tuyere butt joint (4) through the air inlet duct (38).
  • a height and level adjuster (11) is provided below the support (23).
  • the height and level adjuster (11) consists of two pairs of left and right symmetrically arranged legs, the legs being connected to the support (23) by threads.
  • the height and level adjuster (11) is composed of a height adjustment mechanism (111) and a level adjustment mechanism (112), and the height adjustment mechanism (111) includes inner and outer sleeves that are sleeved together and can be extended and contracted.
  • a height adjusting device is arranged between the inner and outer sleeves; the level adjusting mechanism (112) is composed of four bolts, and the four bolts are respectively screwed to the bottom end of the height adjusting mechanism (111).
  • a flared air inlet port (7) is provided downstream of the tuyere docking member (4) and at the air inlet end of the outer casing (15), and the axial cross section of the air inlet duct (7) is streamlined.
  • a diffuser (24) is disposed between the air outlet end of the outer casing (15) and the main filter screen (16).
  • the diffuser (24) is conical, and the small end of the outer casing (15) and the air outlet end of the outer casing (15) Cooperating with the connection, the large end is circular or square, and is connected with a filter frame (3), the main filter (16) is installed in the filter frame (3); the diffuser (24) is used
  • the airflow is smoothly extended from a smaller section to a larger section to increase the total volumetric flow rate of air through the air duct.
  • the main filter (16) adopts a filter screen capable of filtering PM2.5, and the main filter screen (16) is installed in the filter frame body (3) by means of thrusting.
  • a motor cover (14) is provided on the motor (13), the motor cover (14) is a semi-ellipsoid or other smooth shape of continuous curvature, and the opening of the front end is fixed to the guide vane (5) or the strut
  • the inner ring (17) or the strut support, the elliptical top end of the rear end faces the air outlet end of the electric fan, and the motor cover (14) is provided with a ventilation hole (141).
  • the utility model further comprises a windshield (20), wherein the windshield (20) is made of a hard or soft material that is impervious to air, and an air inlet (35) is arranged on the windshield (20).
  • the windshield is a soft material, it is required to have a tuyere ring (36) corresponding to the tuyere abutting member (4) at the edge of the air inlet (35), and the tuyere ring (36) is hard.
  • a reinforcing plate (22) is disposed thereon to enhance the wind resistance of the windshield (20).
  • a handle (1) is provided at the upper end of the outer casing (15).
  • the guide vanes (5) are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the root and the top end are respectively connected to the inner ring (17) and the outer ring (18), and the inner ring (17) is loaded with the motor (13).
  • the outer ring (18) is embedded in the enlarged diameter portion inside the outer casing (15), and the inner circumferential surface of the outer ring (18) is flush with the inner circumferential surface of the non-expanded portion inside the outer casing (15). To reduce the resistance to airflow.
  • the damage and the finger of the person are inadvertently injured by the blade; it slides into the screen frame (3) in the same manner as the main screen (16), and is fixed by the top cover (2).
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the general mounting method of the present invention does not require any special tools or equipment. As an example, it is convenient to remove the gauze on the existing screen, replace it with a transparent flexible windshield provided with the present invention, and secure the windshield with existing rubber strips and grooves.
  • the present invention is placed on a corresponding window sill or bracket and is adjusted with height and level adjusters to align the tuyere docking member of the present invention with the tuyere ring. This type of installation eliminates the need for punching or mounting pipeline. When the user moves, the invention can be easily taken away, and the original gauze can be put back into the screen window without any damage to the original window.
  • the invention can be removed from the window with a single mention, and a reusable pre-filter can be removed by loosening a screw and rinsed with water; The main filter is pulled out of the filter frame and the inner surfaces are wiped with a damp cloth. No climbing ladders or special cleaning equipment are required.
  • Natural Ventilation - The invention can be removed from the window. There is a hole in the windshield, and a filter screen similar to the screen window is arranged on the hole to allow the air to naturally enter and exit the room.
  • the filter of the present invention has a standard size and shape that is readily available on the market through multiple suppliers and at a low price.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective exploded perspective view of an embodiment of a simple structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view showing the assembled structure of the previous embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective exploded view of the impeller, the motor, the motor cover and the guide vane of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the assembled structure of the components of Figure 3;
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front side (toward the air inlet end) of the impeller embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a left side view of Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a graph showing the shape of the four sides (leading edge, trailing edge, blade root and tip) of the impeller of the impeller of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the shape of a curved surface of a blade of an impeller of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a perspective exploded structural view of an impeller suitable for a longer diffuser according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the balance baffle of Figure 9;
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective exploded structural view of an energy-saving and efficient embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a perspective view showing the assembled structure of the embodiment shown in Figure 11;
  • Figure 13 is a schematic structural view of the front side (outlet end) of the embodiment shown in Figure 12;
  • Figure 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 13 (clockwise rotation of 90 °);
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of another height and level adjustment mechanism (one side) of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a perspective view showing the structure of the windshield of the present invention equipped with a soft material
  • Figure 17 is a perspective view showing the structure of the window glass as a windshield (i.e., mounted on a glazing);
  • Figure 18 is a schematic structural view of the soft windshield of Figure 16;
  • Figure 19 is a radial pressure distribution diagram of different fans
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic perspective view of a safety grid of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a perspective view showing the outline of the centrifugal fan of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view of the front structure (upstream end) of Figure 21;
  • Figure 23 is a left side elevational view of an embodiment of Figure 22 (air inlet is provided with a tuyere docking member);
  • Figure 24 is a left side elevational view of another embodiment of Figure 22 (with air inlets provided with air inlets).
  • a simple embodiment of a ventilating purifier according to the present invention includes an axial flow type electric fan including a housing 15, a strut 5, an impeller 6, and a motor 13
  • the motor 13 is coaxially supported on the axis of the cylindrical casing 15 through a plurality of radial struts 5, and one of the struts 5 is hollow, as a motor wire conduit 19 for the power supply line to be safely from the electric appliance
  • the control box 12 extends toward the motor 13 without disturbing the air flow.
  • the cover 10 of the electric control box 12 is provided with a rotation speed adjustment knob 8, and a timer adjustment knob 39.
  • the electrical control box 12 is provided on the motor 13 or the support 23.
  • the impeller 6 is mounted on the output shaft of the motor 13, and a pre-filter 9 and a main filter 16 are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the impeller 6, and the pre-filter 9 preferably uses a stainless steel fine mesh, and the main filter 16 takes precedence. Use HEPA high efficiency filter.
  • Set on the outer edge of the pre-filter 9 There is a tuyere docking member 4; a support 23 is provided under the electric fan.
  • a height and level adjuster 11 is provided below the support 23.
  • the height and level adjuster 11 of this embodiment is composed of two pairs of left and right symmetrically arranged legs (bolts) which are connected to the support 23 by threads, and the height and the level are slightly adjusted by rotating the legs so as to be installed.
  • the tuyere docking member 4 of this embodiment is preferably in the form of a sheet-like annular shape, but is not limited to a circular shape.
  • the air first passes through the pre-filter 9 from the outside to filter larger particles in the air, preventing insects, fibrous matter and large particulate dust from prematurely blocking the main screen 16 downstream of the air.
  • the pre-filter 9 also has the function of protection and the effect of reducing turbulence. Experiments have shown that the aerodynamic losses associated with the pre-filter 9 are offset by the turbulence of the pre-filter 9 to increase the efficiency of the impeller.
  • the screen frame 3 and the main screen 16 are both square.
  • the screen frame 3 and the top cover 2 also prevent airflow from leaking around the main screen 16, preventing unfiltered air from leaking into the room, reducing overall air quality.
  • the top cover 2 of the simple embodiment can be pivoted with the handle (1) as a pivot.
  • the main filter screen 16 is installed in the frame of the filter frame body 3 in a convenient disassembly manner.
  • the filter frame body 3 is U-shaped and has a slot on the inner side thereof, and the main filter screen 16 is inserted into the filter frame body 3 In the slot, a top cover 2 is mounted on the top of the filter frame 3, and a groove is provided on the side of the top cover 2 facing the air inlet end as a handle 1.
  • the main screen 16 is easy to disassemble and easy to replace or clean. When the outdoor air is clean and does not require filtration, the screen 16 can be removed and replaced with a safety grid 37 to increase ventilation efficiency.
  • the safety grid 37 prevents the blade from being damaged by foreign objects and the fingers of the person being injured by the blade.
  • the invention may also provide a multi-layer filter layer, for example, adding a non-mesh pre-filter layer upstream of the main filter screen 16 to function as a pre-filter; and adding an activated carbon filter net downstream of the main filter screen 16
  • the activated carbon filter has a function of adsorbing harmful chemical gases and odors downstream of the high efficiency air filter.
  • the present invention can also add an auxiliary heat device to electrically heat the cold air entering the room.
  • the present invention is extremely flexible in that the present invention can be removed from a window and placed on a tabletop as a simple indoor air purifier. From the perspective of energy conservation and filtration efficiency, it is recommended to use a window seal function with strict sealing to allow only clean air to enter the room, rather than waiting for the dirty air to diffuse into the room before filtering.
  • the embodiment of the present invention adds an air inlet port 7, a diffuser 24, a motor cover 14, a balance block 26, a novel axial flow fan impeller 6, and a novel guide based on the previous embodiment.
  • Flow vane 5 Since the invention and experimental verification of the new axial flow fan impeller 6 and the novel guide vane 5 are relatively long, they are placed at the end of the application.
  • the specific structure and function of the air inlet port 7, the diffuser 24, the motor cover 14, and the balance block 26 are as follows:
  • a flared air inlet port 7 is arranged between the pre-filter 9 and the outer casing 15.
  • the air inlet port 7 has a streamlined axial section, and the large end is perpendicular to the axis.
  • a ring is connected between the tuyere docking member 4 and the air inlet end of the outer casing 15.
  • the streamlined design of the inlet air inlet 7 prevents the vena contracta before the air enters the outer casing 15. The contraction reduces the aerodynamic efficiency of the blade tip of the impeller 6.
  • the flow inlet port 7 having a streamline shape allows the airflow to smoothly enter the air inlet end of the outer casing 15, while accelerating the airflow, and avoiding the airflow separating from the inner wall surface of the air intake end of the outer casing 15, thereby improving the efficiency of the present invention several times. Percentage points.
  • the tuyere docking member 4 of this embodiment is the same as the previous embodiment.
  • a diffuser 24 is disposed between the air outlet end of the outer casing 15 and the main filter screen 16.
  • the diffuser 24 has a conical shape, and the small end of the outer casing 15 is coupled with the air outlet end of the outer casing 15, and the large end is square. Other regular shapes, such as circles, are mated with the square screen frame 3, which is also mounted in the screen frame 3 in a detachable configuration. If the diffuser 24 is too short, it will cause separation of the airflow, resulting in a decrease in efficiency. If the diffuser 24 is too long, it will be difficult for the system to balance on the legs on the window sill/shelf.
  • the diffusion area ratio is the area ratio of the air flow section of the inlet of the diffuser 24 and the air flow section of the outlet
  • the larger the required length Increasing the diameter of the fan 6 and reducing the fan hub support 33 can reduce the diffusion area ratio without reducing the filter area.
  • the diffuser 24 is used to smoothly expand the airflow from a smaller section to a larger section to increase the total volumetric flow rate of air through the air duct.
  • the diffuser 24 has a circular shape at one end and a coaxial square at the other end. The structure of the circular transition at the inlet end is smaller than the square length of the square at the outlet end.
  • the diffuser 24 is made of plastic, and the inner side of the outlet end may be provided with a plurality of radial ribs on the circumference to increase the strength.
  • the material of the screen frame 3 and the top cover 2 is preferably plastic, and the top cover 2 can be snapped in and out.
  • a motor cover 14 is provided on the motor 13, the motor cover 14 is (approximately) a half ellipsoid, the opening of the front end is for inserting into the motor 13, and the elliptical top end of the rear end is facing the air outlet end of the electric fan.
  • the motor cover 14 is provided with a venting hole 141.
  • the motor cover 14 has a continuous surface with a continuous slope to prevent eddy currents from flowing through the airflow, helping the air to smoothly flow around the motor 13, reducing the resistance to airflow.
  • the vent 141 on the motor cover 14 allows a small amount of air to pass through to cool the motor 13. This cooling air flow rate is small and does not significantly reduce the efficiency of the overall system.
  • the motor cover 14 can be made of plastic.
  • the hub of the impeller 6 of the electric fan of the present invention is a circular balance baffle 25, and a plurality of radial slides 27 uniformly distributed circumferentially are provided inside the balance baffle 25.
  • the balance weight 26 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 27, and the balance of the balance weight 26 is adjusted to adjust the balance of the impeller 6. After the balance is adjusted, the balance weight 26 is fixed by the adhesive (pre-adhesive between the two is applied)
  • a bonding hole for mounting on the output shaft of the motor 13 is provided at the center of the balance baffle 25, and the outer periphery of the balance baffle 25 is connected to the hub ring 33 of the impeller 6.
  • An arc-shaped flow guiding cover 34 is provided at the center of the outer side of the balance baffle 25 (the side facing the air inlet end), and a vent hole 341 is provided in the flow guiding cover 34.
  • the electric fan of the present invention may also be a centrifugal fan including a housing 15, an impeller 6 and a motor 13, the housing 15 being in the shape of a volute, the motor 13 being mounted at the center of one end of the housing 15, and the impeller 6 being mounted On the output shaft of the motor 13, the center of the other end of the casing 15 is the air inlet end, and the tangential port of the casing 15 is the air outlet end.
  • a diffuser 24 is also disposed at the outlet end, and the outer end of the diffuser 24 is connected to the screen frame body 3; at the air inlet end, a tuyere docking member 4 (as shown in Fig. 23) or at the air inlet end is provided. Connection One end of the air inlet duct 38 and the other end of the air inlet duct 38 are connected to the tuyere docking member 4 (see Fig. 24).
  • the present invention can also be configured with a windshield 20, and an air inlet 35 is disposed on the windshield 20, and an edge of the air inlet 35 is provided corresponding to the air outlet abutment 4 Tuyere ring 36.
  • the function of the windshield 20 is to cover the window and allow only the air inlet 35 to ventilate.
  • the windshield 20 is made of a hard (transparent hard plastic or glass) or a soft material (a plastic film or a film made of other conventional organic or inorganic materials).
  • One of the installation methods of the soft windshield 20 is to fold or cut the edge of the windshield 20 to the same size as the gauze frame, and then connect with the gauze frame by the connecting edge 21 (using tape): in the windshield
  • the periphery of the sheet 20 is provided with a connecting edge 21, which may be a tape (a layer coated with a self-adhesive layer), or a tape or a plastic film having a relatively thick thickness, which has an effect of increasing strength.
  • Another way of installation is to remove the original gauze of the screen and use the original rubber bead to compact the windshield 20 into the mounting groove of the gauze frame.
  • the soft windshield 20 of the invention is greatly convenient for installation and use, and can realize the circulation and purification of indoor and outdoor air without opening holes in the window, thereby avoiding damage to the building and not affecting the original building. Beautiful and saves on the cost of use.
  • a ventilator of the present invention is placed on the window sill/bracket 40, and the tuyere docking member 4 is aligned with the tuyere ring 36 on the window by adjusting the height and level adjuster 11.
  • the tuyere ring 36 can be made of a hard or soft material.
  • the tuyere ring 36 is made of a ferrous material, and correspondingly, a magnet is arranged on the tuyere butt joint 4 (or the tuyere butt 4 is made of a magnetic material),
  • the tuyere docking member 4 and the tuyere ring 36 are magnetically attracted to each other for sealing purposes.
  • a circular air inlet 35 is opened in the glass of the existing window, and the tuyere ring 36 is fitted in the air inlet.
  • the tuyere docking member 4 of the ventilation purifier and the tuyere ring 36 are aligned.
  • the tuyere ring 36 and the tuyere docking member 4 may be connected by a buckle, a thread, an adhesive or the like.
  • a damper plate 22 is provided at the middle portion to enhance the wind resistance of the windshield 20.
  • the damper plate 22 is made of a rigid plate material, such as a plastic or metal plate, bonded to the windshield 20 or connected by a connecting member.
  • the fan impeller 6 is designed such that the flow is almost tangential to the leading edge of the impeller 6 and smoothly flows through the impeller 6 without separation.
  • the impeller 6 complements the detail design by maximizing efficiency.
  • the present invention utilizes a parabola to design the leading edge 28 and the trailing edge 29 of the blade of the impeller 6, and the root 30 and the blade top 31 of the blade are designed with a circular arc; that is, the parabola is used to design the planar wing.
  • FIG. 8 shows an isometric view of the shape of a blade 6 airfoil.
  • the X axis represents a substantially circumferential direction
  • the Y axis represents a substantially radial direction
  • the z axis represents an axial direction.
  • Figure 7 shows the planar projection of the blade, which is obtained by projecting the blade airfoil with the parabola as a baseline onto the cylindrical surface.
  • the blade root airfoil 30 and the tip airfoil 31 are arcuate; the thickness of the airfoil decreases linearly from the blade root 30 to the blade tip 31.
  • the shape of the leading edge 28 of the blade and the trailing edge 29 of the blade are parabolic.
  • the blade shape of the impeller 6 of the present invention is different from the conventional blade design.
  • the diameter of the hub is about 10 cm, and the rotation speed is about 1200 RPM, and the blade root to the tip of the conventional blade
  • the blade pitch angle is about 15.1-38.7 degrees, or the total twist angle from the blade root to the tip is about 23.6 degrees.
  • the blade pitch angle from the blade root to the tip of the blade of the present invention is 69.3-74.7 degrees, or the total twist angle from the blade root to the tip is only 5.4 degrees. This design difference improves fan performance by 28% (a national standard measurement parameter in cubic meters per minute per watt).
  • Embodiments with longer diffusers may allow for a higher hub-to-head ratio (ratio of the inner and outer diameters of the impeller) without causing airflow separation, resulting in higher static pressure and airflow rates.
  • Such an embodiment may utilize a more complex airfoil having a non-uniform thickness distribution to operate over a wider range of airflow rates.
  • the axial fan impeller 6 of this embodiment becomes heavier and its mass distribution is further away from the axis of rotation. As a result, such a fan is difficult to balance, so a new method of the present invention is depicted in FIGS.
  • the hub of the impeller 6 is a circular balance baffle 25, and is provided inside the balance baffle 25
  • a plurality of radial slide rails 28 are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the balance weight 27 is slidably mounted on the slide rail 26, and the balance of the balancer 27 is adjusted to adjust the balance of the impeller 6.
  • the specific method is to apply an adhesive to the weight 27 and snap it into the groove of the slide rail 26 and slide along the slide rail 26 until the impeller 6 reaches equilibrium, and the adhesive is to be fixed.
  • a mounting hole for mounting on the output shaft of the motor and a circumferentially ventilated hole 341 allowing cooling air to pass therethrough are provided at the center of the balance baffle 25; an arc guide is arranged upstream of the balance baffle 25 Flow cap 34 is provided to enhance the aerodynamic efficiency of the root of impeller 6.
  • the strut 5 supporting the motor of the high efficiency embodiment shown in Fig. 11 has been replaced with the guide vane 5.
  • the pressure difference generated by the impeller 6 drives the air flow, and a circumferential velocity component is also generated.
  • the component is a useless energy (kinetic energy), and the function of the guide vane 5 is to convert this useless circumferential velocity component into a useful static pressure, that is, the effect of the guide vane 5 is to convert the useless circumferential velocity component into a useful flow direction.
  • the guide vane 5 utilizes the NACA 4-position series of airfoils with a maximum camber that is three chords long from the leading edge of the blade. Except at the rounded leading and trailing edges, the chord length tapers linearly from the tip to the blade root, but the blade thickness remains the same.
  • V is the axial air flow rate
  • Vc is the circumferential velocity of the airflow passing through the impeller
  • ⁇ p is the static pressure difference rising through the impeller
  • ⁇ is the density of the air
  • U is the circumferential velocity of the rotating impeller, which is a radial position and A function of the impeller speed. Since the guide vanes 5 are stationary, the relative flow velocity of the airflow through the guide vanes 5 is low, so that the detail shape has less influence on the system efficiency.
  • the number of guide vanes 5 is selected to ensure that: (1) the geometry is successfully imposed on the airflow; (2) the weight of all mounted components can be properly supported; and (3) the material used is not excessive.
  • One of the guide vanes 5 is a hollow thick symmetrical airfoil, and the trailing edge is not closed for the power supply line to safely extend from the electrical control box 12 to the motor 13 without disturbing the air flow.
  • a simple embodiment, a high efficiency embodiment and an existing commercial desktop filter were selected for comparison in the experiment.
  • the measure is to measure the ratio of the volumetric flow rate to the actual power of an industry standard. Strictly speaking, this is not a fair comparison method: the technology of a ventilation purifier of the present invention does not allow dirty air to enter the room, while the tabletop filter allows dirty air to diffuse into the room and then clean. The latter actually increases the volume of air that needs to be filtered and also extends the filtration time.
  • Table 1 compares the average power consumption (W) of the two ventilation purification systems during operation. Because the voltage of the national grid will fluctuate around 220V in different time periods. In order to eliminate the influence of voltage stability, the power consumption in the experiment was adjusted to a uniform 220V.
  • Table 2 shows the performance and efficiency of the different filters at the same motor, nominal power, and drive voltage.
  • the Niu Kee filter is a typical desktop air filter on the market.
  • this is the air pressure distribution along the radial direction of the fan face in the power mid-range (second gear) setting.
  • the x-axis is the distance from the fan axis, the unit is mm mm, and the y-axis is the position corresponding to the x-axis direction.
  • the curve in the figure is: the thick solid line represents the air pressure distribution map of the high efficiency type embodiment of the present invention in the power mid-range (second gear) setting; the thick broken line represents the simple type embodiment of the present invention in the power mid-range (second gear) Set the pressure profile underneath.
  • the wind speed is proportional to the difference in air pressure indicated by the y-axis, so the higher the integral value of the air pressure difference indicated on the y-axis over the entire area of the HEPA filter, the higher the volumetric flow rate of air flowing through the HEPA filter of the present invention, ie The better the performance.
  • the more uniform the air pressure difference shown along the y-axis is distributed along the x-axis the more the particles in the air can be evenly distributed over the entire HEPA filter surface, prolonging the service life of the filter.
  • the high efficiency embodiment has a higher differential pressure and flow rate at each point through the filter.

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Abstract

一种通风净化器，包括电风扇，其特征在于，在所述的电风扇的进风端和出风端分别装有预滤网（9）和主滤网（16），在该预滤网（9）的外沿设有风口对接件（4）；在该电风扇的下面设有支座（23）、高度和水平度调节器（11）。所述的电风扇包括外壳（15）、叶轮（6）和电机（13），电机（13）通过支杆或数个径向的导流叶片（5）支撑在圆筒形外壳（15）的轴心，叶轮（6）安装在电机（13）的输出轴上，叶轮（6）位于电风扇的进风端内，导流叶片/支杆（5）位于出风端内。该通风净化器具有高效的通风、过滤效率，并且安装方便，可直接用于单纯通风或单纯的室内过滤，经济实用。

Description

一种通风净化器 技术领域
本发明涉及用于空气净化领域，具体涉及一种通风净化器。
背景技术
人需要有氧呼吸，所以所有居住建筑都需要通风。此外，过量空气污染造成了许多健康问题，对空气进行过滤也成了迫在眉睫的需求。许多现有的过滤系统采用了不同的过滤策略，但是它们一般要么昂贵，要么无效或低效。此外，现有通风和过滤装置在空气进入室内之前对空气进行过滤，但它们有许多问题。利用影响美观的长管道从一个中央位置跟每间房连接，安装昂贵，覆盖难看的管道也增加建设成本，低收入群体买不起，对租房群体也完全不切实际。管道的拐角、弯头以及长度，大大增加了空气阻力，带来额外空气动力损失，降低了系统的总能效。并且，这种系统需要许多螺钉孔嵌入墙壁和天花板以锚固管道，至少要开一个大孔，以通过连接室内外的管道。这些大大小小的孔损坏建筑，随着时间的推移应力集中和负荷波动可能会引起墙体裂缝的生长和繁延。此外，随着时间的推移，管道内累积的灰尘难以清除，增加通风阻力。
许多空气过滤器和通风过滤系统必须使用本公司生产的定制、奇怪的尺寸或形状奇异的过滤网，使得这些公司能够过度提价可更换的过滤网，增加了消费者的使用成本。如果由于生产商倒闭等原因不能买到这些过滤网，就会导致整个系统不能使用而被废弃。
现有的通风过滤系统无法便捷地作为单纯通风或单纯过滤。所以，如果用户有这两种需要时须购买两种机器。
发明内容
本发明克服现有技术存在的不足，提供一种具有高效的通风、过滤效率，并且安装方便，经济实用的通风净化器。该通风净化器还可以便捷地作为单纯通风或单纯过滤。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：一种通风净化器，包括电风扇，其特征在于，所述的电风扇装有预滤网(9)和主滤网(16)，该预滤网(9)和主滤网(16)分别设在(流过电风扇的)气流的上游和下游；在电风扇的进风端的外沿设有风口对接件(4)，在该电风扇的下面设有支座(23)。
所述的电风扇为轴流式风扇，包括外壳(15)、叶轮(6)和电机(13)，电机(13)通过数个径向的导流叶片(5)或支杆支撑在圆筒形外壳(15)的轴心，叶轮(6)安装在电机(13)的输出轴上，导流叶片(5)或支杆位于叶轮(6)的上游或下游。
所述的叶轮(6)的轮毂为一圆形的平衡挡板(25)，在该平衡挡板(25)的内侧设有沿圆周均布的多个径向的滑轨(26)，在滑轨(26)上滑动安装平衡块(27)，通过调节平衡块(27)的位置达到调节叶轮(6)动平衡的目的，平衡块(27)用粘结剂固定；在该平衡挡板(25)的中心设有用于安装在电机的输出轴上的安装孔和沿圆周均布的允许冷却空气通过的孔；在该平衡挡板(25)的上游装有弧形的导流盖(34)，以增强叶轮(6)根部的空气动力效率。
利用抛物线来设计所述叶轮(6)的叶片的前缘(28)和后缘(29)的平面投影，用圆弧线来设计叶片的根部(30)和叶片顶部(31)的平面投影；即利用抛物线来设计平面翼型并投影到圆柱形表面以生成在圆周方向具有恒定厚度、在径向具有线性渐变厚度的、具有圆弧翼型前缘和后缘的圆柱翼型件(32)，叶片前缘是:xLE＝-1.972yLE 2+0.115yLE 2+0115yLE-0.005,叶片后缘是:xTE＝-3.615yTE 2+0.945yTE-0.005。
所述的叶轮(6)的叶片的叶根到叶尖的叶片俯仰角为69.3-74.7度，叶片俯仰角定义为从叶轮轴到翼型弦线间的夹角，从叶根到叶尖的总扭角为5.4度，总扭角定义为叶根处的俯仰角减去叶尖处的俯仰角所得的差；相应的导流叶片(5)具有NACA 4位数基系列的拱线并且叶片厚度无变化但叶片弦长从叶尖到叶根按线性递减，翼型最大拱度m＝0.105·δ，
Figure PCTCN2016098851-appb-000001
V是轴向流速，Vc是圆周速度。
所述的电风扇为离心式风扇，包括外壳(15)、叶轮(6)和电机(13)，外壳(15)为蜗壳形状，电机(13)安装在外壳(15)的一端的中心，叶轮(6)安装在电机(13)的输出轴上，外壳(15)另一端的中心为进风端，在外壳(15)的切向口为出风端，直接与所述的风口对接件(4)连接，或通过进风管(38)与所述的风口对接件(4)间接连接。
在所述的支座(23)的下面设有高度和水平度调节器(11)。
所述的高度和水平度调节器(11)由两对左右对称设置的支脚组成，支脚通过螺纹与支座的(23)连接。
所述的高度和水平度调节器(11)由高度调节机构(111)和水平度调节机构(112)组成，该高度调节机构(111)包括相互套在一起并能够伸缩的内、外套管，在该内、外套管之间装有高度调节装置；该水平度调节机构(112)由四根螺栓组成，四根螺栓分别通过螺纹连接在高度调节机构(111)的底端。
在风口对接件(4)的下游和外壳(15)的入风端设有喇叭形的进风导流口(7)，该进风导流口(7)的轴向截面为流线形。
在所述的外壳(15)的出风端与主滤网(16)之间装有扩散器(24)，扩散器(24)为圆锥形，其小口端与外壳(15)的出风端配合连接，大口端为圆形或方形，与一滤网框体(3)连接，所述的主滤网(16)安装在该滤网框体(3)内；该扩散器(24)用于将气流从一个较小的截面平稳地扩展到一个更大的截面，以增加通过空气管道的空气总体积流率。
所述的主滤网(16)采用能够过滤PM2.5的滤网，主滤网(16)以抽插的方式安装在所述的滤网框体(3)内。
在所述电机(13)上设有电机罩(14)，所述电机罩(14)为半个椭圆体或其他连续曲率的平滑形状，前端的开口固定于导流叶片(5)或支杆的内环(17)或支杆支撑上，后端的椭圆形顶端朝电风扇的出风端，在该电机罩(14)上设有通风孔(141)。
还包括一挡风片(20)，所述的挡风片(20)采用不透风的硬质或软质材料制成，在该挡风片(20)上设有进风口(35)，当挡风片为软质材料时，需要有在该进风口(35)的边缘设有与所述的风口对接件(4)对应的风口环(36)，所述的风口环(36)采用硬质或软质的材料制成。
在所述的风口环(36)和/或风口对接件(4)采用铁质材料或磁性材料；或在风口对接件(4)、进风导流口(7)、或风口环(36)上加磁体；或在风口环(36)与风口对接件(4)采用锁扣连接。
在所述的挡风片(20)面积较大而易于变形或不坚固时，在其上设有加固板(22)，增强挡风片(20)的抗风能力。
在所述的外壳(15)的上端设有提手(1)。
所述的导流叶片(5)沿圆周均布，其根部和顶端分别连接在内环(17)和外环(18)上，该内环(17)内装入所述的电机(13)，该外环(18)嵌入所述的外壳(15)内侧的扩径部分，并使得该外环(18)的内周面与外壳(15)内侧的非扩径部分的内周面平齐，以减少对气流的阻力。
还包括与所述的主滤网(16)外形尺寸相同的安全栅格(37)，用于在强制通风使用过程中将其替换主滤网(16)，以保护风机叶片免受外来物的损伤和人的手指误入而被叶片打伤；它以装卸主滤网(16)相同的方式滑入滤网框体(3)，并由顶盖(2)固定住。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下优点：
1.易于安装-本发明的一般安装方法不需要任何特殊工具或设备。其中一个例子，是可以方便地除去现有纱窗上的纱网，替换成随本发明一起提供的一块透明的柔性挡风片，并用现有橡胶条和凹槽来固定该挡风片。本发明被放置在相应的窗台或支架上，并用高度和水平调节器调节，使本发明的的风口对接件与风口环对齐即可。这种安装方式，无需打孔或安装 管道。当用户搬家时，本发明很容易被带走，只需把原来的纱网装回纱窗即可，对原来窗户不会造成任何损伤。
2.易于清洁-本发明易于清洁，只需轻轻一提便可把本发明从窗户上取下，松开一个螺丝即可取出可重复使用的预过滤器，并用清水将其冲洗干净；把主过滤网从滤网框体中抽出来，然后用湿布擦拭各个内表面。不需任何攀爬梯子或使用专用清洗设备。
3.高流速的通风-抽出主滤网，插入安全格栅，然后运行本发明即可。
4.自然通风-把本发明从窗户上取走即可。挡风片上有一个孔，孔上装有近似纱窗的滤网，可以让空气自然进出室内。
5.桌面空气过滤器-从窗户上取下本发明，放在桌面上运行即可。
6.高效桌面电风扇-从窗户上取下本发明，放在桌面上，用安全栅格代替滤网，运行即可。
7.节能-风扇、导流叶片、扩散器、进气口和电机盖的精心空气动力学设计使系统达到高流量，低能耗的效果。消除了与长管道或管道弯头相关的空气动力损失。
8.简易的滤网更换-过滤网易于更换，推起滤网框体的顶盖，抽出旧过滤网，滑入新过滤网。无需松动任何螺丝或爬任何梯子。
9.低成本过滤网更换-本发明的过滤网具有标准尺寸和形状，容易在市场上通过多个供应商、并且以低价格买到。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种简易结构的实施例的立体分解结构示意图；
图2是上一实施例组装在一起的立体结构示意图；
图3是本发明叶轮、电机、电机罩及导流叶片的立体分解结构示意图；
图4是图3中各部件组装后的立体结构示意图；
图5是本发明的叶轮实施例的正面(朝进风端)的结构示意图；
图6是图5的左视图；
图7是本发明叶轮的叶片四边(前缘、后缘、叶根和顶端)的形状曲线图；
图8是本发明叶轮的叶片的曲面的形状曲线图；
图9是本发明实施例之一的适合较长扩散器的叶轮的立体分解结构示意图；
图10是图9中平衡挡板的放大图；
图11是本发明一种节能高效型实施例的立体分解结构示意图；
图12是图11所示实施例的组装结构立体图；
图13是图12所示实施例的正面(出风端)结构示意图；
图14是图13的A-A剖视图(顺时针旋转90°)；
图15是本发明另一种高度和水平度调节机构(一侧)的结构示意图；
图16是本发明配备有用软质材料制成的挡风片的立体结构示意图；
图17是本发明用窗户玻璃作为挡风片(即安装在玻璃窗上)的立体结构示意图；
图18是图16中软质的挡风片的结构示意图；
图19是不同的风扇的径向压力分布曲线图；
图20是本发明安全栅格的立体结构示意图；
图21是本发明离心式电风扇的外形立体结构示意图；
图22是图21的正面结构(上游端)示意图；
图23是图22的一种实施例(进风口设有风口对接件)的左视图；
图24是图22的另一实施例(进风口设有进风管)的左视图。
附图标记说明：
1-提手；2-顶盖；3-滤网框体；4-风口对接件；5-导流叶片/支杆；6-叶轮；7-导流口；8-转速调节钮；9-预滤网；10-盒盖；11-高度和水平度调节器；12-电器控制盒；13-电机；14-电机罩；141-(电机罩上的)通风孔；15-圆形短管道；16-主滤网；17-内环；18-外环；19-电机电线导管；20-挡风片；21-连接边/窗框；22-阻尼板；23-支座；24-扩散器；25-平衡挡板；26-滑轨；27-平衡块；28-叶片前缘；29-叶片后缘；30-叶片根部；31-叶片尖部；32-叶片曲面；33-轮毂环；34-导流盖；341-(导流盖上的)通风孔；35-进风口；36-风口环；37-安全栅格；38-进风管；39-定时器调节钮，40-窗台/支架。
具体实施方式
1、简易型的实施例
本发明一种通风净化器的简易型的实施例，参见图1、图2、图16和图17，包括轴流式电风扇，该电风扇包括外壳15、支杆5、叶轮6和电机13，电机13通过数个径向的支杆5同轴支撑在圆筒形外壳15的轴心，支杆5中有一个支杆为中空，作为电机电线导管19，用于供电线安全地从电器控制盒12向电机13延伸，而不扰动气流。电器控制盒12的盒盖10上设有转速调节钮8，和定时器调节钮39。电器控制盒12设在电机13或支座23上。
叶轮6安装在电机13的输出轴上，在所述的叶轮6的上游和下游分别装有预滤网9和主滤网16，预滤网9优先选用不锈钢细丝网，主滤网16优先选用HEPA高效滤网。在预滤网9的外沿设 有风口对接件4；在该电风扇的下面设有支座23。在所述的支座23的下面设有高度和水平度调节器11。该实施例的高度和水平度调节器11由两对左右对称设置的支脚(螺栓)组成，支脚通过螺纹与支座的23连接，通过转动支脚实现高度和水平度的微量调节，以便在安装时将风口对接件4与窗户上的风口环36对准。在特定情况下，还可以通过相互套在一起并能够伸缩的内、外套管辅助完成高度调节。该实施例的风口对接件4优选为片状圆环形状，但不限于圆形。
本发明在工作时，空气从外部首先通过预滤网9，过滤空气中的较大颗粒，防止昆虫、纤维物和大颗粒灰尘过早堵塞空气下游的主滤网16。同时，预滤网9还具有防护的作用和降低湍流的作用，实验表明，与预滤网9相关的空气动力损失被预滤网9减少紊流提高叶轮的效率抵消。
如图1、图2、图11-14、图16和17所示的实施例中，滤网框体3和主滤网16均为方形。此外，滤网框体3和顶盖2还防止气流从主滤网16的周围泄露，防止未过滤的空气泄漏到室内，降低整体空气质量。简易型实施例的顶盖2能够以提手(1)为枢轴翻转。
主滤网16以方便拆卸地结构安装在所述的滤网框体3框内，如滤网框体3为U形并在其内侧设有插槽，主滤网16插入滤网框体3的插槽内，在滤网框体3的顶端装有顶盖2，顶盖2面对进风端的一侧设有凹槽作为提手1。主滤网16方便拆卸，易于更换或清洗。当室外空气洁净不需要过滤时，可以把滤网16去掉，代之以安全栅格37，以增大通风效率。安全栅格37能防止叶片免受外来物的损伤和人的手指误入而被叶片打伤。本发明还可设置多层过滤层，例如，在主滤网16的上游增加非网格式的预过滤层，起到预过滤的作用；在主滤网16的下游增加一个活性碳过滤网，所述活性碳过滤网在高效空气滤网的下游，具有吸附有害化学气体和异味的作用。另外，本发明还可以增加辅热装置，对入室的冷空气进行电加热。最重要的是本发明的极度灵活性，即可以把本发明从窗户取下来，放在桌面上作为单纯的室内空气净化器使用。从能源节约和过滤效率角度，建议优先使用具有严格密封性的窗口过滤功能，只允许洁净的空气进入室内，而不是等脏空气扩散到室内后再进行过滤。
2、高效型的实施例附加说明
参见图11-图14，本发明该实施例在上一实施例的基础上增加了进风导流口7、扩散器24、电机罩14、平衡块26、新型轴流风扇叶轮6、新型导流叶片5。因新型轴流风扇叶轮6和新型导流叶片5的发明点和实验验证篇幅较长，所以置于申请书最后叙述。首先，进风导流口7、扩散器24、电机罩14、平衡块26具体结构和作用叙述如下：
在所述的预滤网9与外壳15之间装有喇叭形的进风导流口7，该进风导流口7的轴向截面为流线形，其大口端设有与轴线垂直的圆环，并连接在所述的风口对接件4与外壳15的进风端之间。所述的进风导流口7的流线形设计能防止空气进入外壳15之前的流缩(vena contracta)， 流缩会降低叶轮6的叶片尖端的空气动力学效率。因此，具有流线形状的进风导流口7使得气流顺利进入外壳15的进风端，同时使气流加速，并避免气流从外壳15进气端的内壁表面分离，将本发明的效率提高了好几个百分点。该实施例的风口对接件4与上一实施例相同。
在所述的外壳15的出风端与主滤网16之间装有扩散器24，扩散器24为圆锥形，其小口端与外壳15的出风端配合连接，大口端为方形(也可是其他规则形状，如圆形)，与方形的滤网框体3配合连接，所述的主滤网16同样以方便拆卸地结构安装在该滤网框体3内。如果扩散器24太短会造成气流的分离现象，从而导致效率下降。如果扩散器24过长则系统将很难在放在窗台上/架子的支脚上找平衡。一般而言，扩散器24的扩散面积比越大(扩散面积比是扩散器24入口的空气流截面和出口的空气流截面的面积比)，所需的长度越大。增大风扇6的直径并缩小风扇毂支撑33，可以在不降低滤网面积的情况下降低扩散面积比。该扩散器24用于将气流从一个较小的截面平稳地扩展到一个更大的截面，以增加通过空气管道的空气总体积流率。本实施例中的扩散器24一端为圆形另一端为同轴方形，通过圆锥管过渡的结构，入口端圆形的口径小于出口端的方形的边长。扩散器24由塑料制成，其出口端的内侧沿圆周可以设有数个径向肋板支撑，以增加强度。图11-图14所示的实施例中，滤网框体3和顶盖2的材料优先选塑料，顶盖2可以卡入和拔出。
在所述电机13上设有电机罩14，所述电机罩14为(大约)半个椭圆体，前端的开口用于套入电机13，后端的椭圆形顶端朝电风扇的出风端，在该电机罩14上设有通风孔141。电机罩14具有一个连续斜率的连续表面，避免气流通过时产生涡流，帮助空气顺利流过电机13周围，降低对气流的阻力。电机罩14上的通风孔141允许少量的空气通过，为电机13冷却。该冷却空气流率很小，不会显著降低整个系统的效率。电机罩14可以用塑料制成。
参见图9和图10，本发明的电风扇的叶轮6的轮毂为一圆形的平衡挡板25，在该平衡挡板25的内侧设有沿圆周均布的多个径向的滑轨27，在滑轨27上滑动安装平衡块26，通过调节平衡块26的位置达到调节叶轮6动平衡的目的，调节平衡后用粘结剂将平衡块26固定(事先在二者之间涂覆粘结剂)；在该平衡挡板25的中心设有用于安装在电机13的输出轴上的安装孔，平衡挡板25的外周与叶轮6的轮毂环33连接。在该平衡挡板25的外侧(朝进风端的一侧)中心装有弧形的导流盖34，在该导流盖34上设有通风孔341。
3、离心式风扇型的实施例
参见图21-图24，本发明的电风扇还可是离心式风扇，包括外壳15、叶轮6和电机13，外壳15为蜗壳形状，电机13安装在外壳15的一端的中心，叶轮6安装在电机13的输出轴上，外壳15另一端的中心为进风端，在外壳15的切向口为出风端。在所述的出风端也设有扩散器24，扩散器24的外端接滤网框体3；在所述的进风端设有风口对接件4(如图23)或在进风端连接 进风管38的一端，进风管38的另一端连接风口对接件4(如图24)。
4、安装
参见图16-图18，本发明还可配置一个挡风片20，在该挡风片20上设有进风口35，在该进风口35的边缘设有与所述的风口对接件4对应的风口环36。挡风片20的作用是安装覆盖在窗户上，只允许进风口35通风。所述的挡风片20采用不透风的硬质(透明硬质塑料或玻璃)或软质材料(塑料膜或其他常规有机或无机材料制成的薄膜)制成。软质挡风片20安装方法之一是：将挡风片20边缘折叠或裁剪为与纱网框相等的尺寸，然后用连接边21(采用胶带)与纱网框连接固定:在该挡风片20的周边设有连接边21，连接边21可以是胶带(一侧涂覆不干胶层)，也可是布带或厚度稍厚的塑料膜，具有增加强度的作用。另一种安装方式是去掉纱窗原有的纱网，用原有的橡胶压条将挡风片20压实在纱网框的安装槽内。本发明的软质挡风片20的采用，大大方便了安装使用，不需要在窗户上开孔即可实现实现室内外空气的的流通净化，避免了对建筑物的损伤，不影响原建筑的美观，并节省了使用成本。
然后，将本发明一种通风净化器放在窗台/支架40上，通过调节高度和水平度调节器11将风口对接件4与窗户上的风口环36对齐。所述的风口环36可采用硬质或软质的材料制成。一个具体地的实例，所述的风口环36采用铁质材料制成，与此对应的是，在所述的风口对接件4上设有磁体(或风口对接件4采用磁性材料制成)，这样，在使用时，风口对接件4与风口环36利用磁性相互吸合，实现密封的目的。
当永久性安装时，挡风片20采用玻璃制成的一个特殊的实例如图17所示，在现有窗户的玻璃上开出圆形的进风口35，将风口环36嵌装在进风口35的边缘，将通风净化器的风口对接件4与风口环36对正贴紧即可。对半永久或永久性安装，可在风口环36与风口对接件4采用锁扣、螺纹、粘结剂等连接方式。软质的挡风片20面积较大时，在其中部设有阻尼板22(参见图16和图18)，以增强挡风片20的抗风能力。阻尼板22采用硬质的板材，如塑料或金属板，与挡风片20粘接或采用连接件连接固定。
5、新型轴流风扇叶轮6的说明
风扇叶轮6是按来流与叶轮6前缘几乎相切并且不产生分离地顺畅流过叶轮6来设计的。叶轮6按最大限度地提高效率来补充细节设计。空气通过叶轮6时其静压力上升，产生的压力差驱动空气穿过主滤网16。由于叶轮6的转动，同时还引入了一个无用而浪费电能的周向速度分量，这是需要通过设计来减小的。参见图5-图8，本发明利用抛物线来设计所述叶轮6的叶片的前缘28和后缘29，用圆弧线来设计叶片的根部30和叶片顶部31；即利用抛物线来设计平面翼型并投影到圆柱形表面以生成在圆周方向具有恒定厚度、在径向具有线性渐变厚度的、、具有圆滑翼型前缘和后缘的圆柱翼型件32。优选的叶轮6包含五个具有抛物线型 叶片前缘28和叶片后缘29的前掠翼叶片。图8显示了一个叶轮6叶片翼型形状的等距视图。X轴代表大致圆周方向，Y轴代表大致径向，z轴代表轴线方向。图7展示的是叶片的平面投影，即把抛物线为基线的叶片翼型投影在圆柱面上而得到的。叶根翼型30和叶尖翼型31是圆弧形的；翼型的厚度从叶片根部30到叶片尖部31按线性递减。叶片前缘28和叶片后缘29的形状是抛物线形的。叶片前缘是:xLE＝-1.972yLE 2+0.115yLE 2+0115yLE-0.005。叶片后缘是:xTE＝-3.615yTE 2+0.945yTE-0.005。本发明的叶轮6的叶片形状不同于常规的叶片设计，对于直径大约25厘米的轴流风扇，其轮毂直径约10厘米，其旋转速度约1200RPM的情况下，常规的叶片的叶根到叶尖的叶片俯仰角约15.1-38.7度，或者说，从叶根到叶尖的总扭角约23.6度。而本发明的叶片的叶根到叶尖的叶片俯仰角为69.3-74.7度，或者说，从叶根到叶尖的总扭角只有5.4度。这种设计差异提高了28％的风扇性能(一个国家标准的测量参数，单位是立方米每分钟每瓦特)。
具有较长扩散器的实施例可以允许更高的毂尖比(叶轮内外径之比)而不会造成气流分离，从而产生更高的静态压力和气流流速。这样的实施例可以利用具有非均匀厚度分布的更复杂的翼型件，在更宽范围的气流流速下运行。对于这种实施方式的轴流式风扇叶轮6变得较重，并且其质量分布更远离旋转轴线。其结果是，这样的风扇较难平衡，所以本发明一个新的方法描绘在图9和图10：叶轮6的轮毂为一圆形的平衡挡板25，在该平衡挡板25的内侧设有沿圆周均布的多个径向的滑轨26，在滑轨26上滑动安装平衡块27，通过调节平衡块27的位置达到调节叶轮6动平衡的目的。具体方法是将粘合剂施加到平衡块27并将其扣入滑轨26的槽并沿滑轨26滑动，直到叶轮6达到平衡，待粘合剂干即固定。在该平衡挡板25的中心设有用于安装在电机的输出轴上的安装孔和沿圆周均布的允许冷却空气通过的通风孔341；在该平衡挡板25的上游装有弧形的导流盖34，以增强叶轮6根部的空气动力效率。
6、导流叶片5的说明
如图11所示的高效型实施例的支撑电机的支杆5已被替换为导流叶片5。空气通过预滤网9后，被叶轮6驱动后从通过圆筒形的外壳15内的导流叶片5，在叶轮6产生的压力差驱动气流的同时，还产生了一个圆周速度分量，这一分量是一个无用能量(动能)，而导流叶片5的作用就是将这个无用的圆周速度分量转化为有用的静态压力，即导流叶片5的作用就是将无用的圆周速度分量转化为有用的流向分量，以推动更多的轴向气流通过。导流叶片5利用NACA 4位系列翼型，最大弯度位于距叶片前缘十分之三弦长。除了在圆形前缘和后缘，弦长从叶尖到叶根按线性逐渐变细，但叶片厚度保持不变。设计导流叶片5中推导出两个独特的方程：第一个方程为m＝0.105·δ，其中
Figure PCTCN2016098851-appb-000002
和第二个方程
Figure PCTCN2016098851-appb-000003
用 来估算通过叶轮后的气流圆周速度。V为轴向空气流速，Vc为通过叶轮后的气流圆周速度，Δp为通过叶轮后上升的静压差，ρ为空气的密度，和U为旋转叶轮的周向速度，是一个径向位置和叶轮转速的函数。因为导流叶片5是静止的，通过导流叶片5的气流的相对流速较低，所以其细节形状对系统效率的影响较小。导流叶片5数量选择需要确保：(1)将其几何形状成功地强加到气流上；(2)能够适当支撑所有安装部件的重量；(3)所使用的材料不会过多。
导流叶片5中有一个叶片是中空的厚厚的对称翼型，且后缘是不闭合的，用于供电线安全地从电器控制盒12向电机13延伸，而不扰动气流。
7、实验验证结果
为验证本发明一种通风净化器的效率，在实验中选择了一个简易型实施例、一个高效型实施例和一个现有的商业桌面过滤器加以比较。衡量方法是测量一个工业标准的体积流速与实际功率的比值。严格来讲这不是一个公平的比较方法：本发明一种通风净化器的技术是不是让脏空气进入室内，而桌面过滤器是允许脏空气扩散到室内然后进行清洁。后者实际上增加了需要过滤的空气体积，也延长了过滤时间。
表1比较了两种通风净化系统在运行中平均功率消耗(W)。因为在不同时间段，国家电网的电压会在220V上下浮动。为消除电压的稳定性影响，实验中的功率消耗都调整到统一的220V。
表1:运行中平均功率消耗(W)(目前能达到的水平)
功率设置 1(低档) 2(中档) 3(高档)
本发明的简易型 22.9 26.5 35.0
本发明的高效型 22.1 26.4 35.2
表2展示了在相同电机、公称功率、驱动电压下的不同过滤器的性能和效率。其中Niu Kee过滤器是市面上一种典型的桌面空气过滤器。
表2:相同公称功率下流过HEPA滤网的空气体积流量率(m3/min)的比较
功率设置 1(低档) 2(中档) 3(高档)
Niu Kee过滤器(只用HEPA滤网) - - 1.00
把HEPA滤网绑在市场上最好的风扇上 - - 1.23
本发明第一实施例(图1) 1.44 1.82 2.18
本发明第二实施例(图11) 2.11 2.62 3.06
参见图19，这是功率中档(第2档)设置下沿风扇面径向的气压分布图，x轴是距离风扇轴心的距离，单位是毫米mm，y轴是对应x轴方向的位置点的通过HEPA滤网的气压差(单位是帕斯卡Pa)。图中曲线为：粗实线代表本发明的高效型实施例在功率中档(第2档)设置下的气压分布图；粗虚线代表本发明的简易型型实施例在功率中档(第2档)设置下的气压分布图。图中还有竖直的细虚线：r＝48.5mm代表风扇叶轮轮毂的外径，即叶轮叶片的叶根位置；r＝127.5mm代表叶轮叶片的叶尖位置；r＝130mm代表外壳15的内径；r＝141mm代表滤网16的边到轴心的垂直距离；r＝199.4mm代表滤网16的角到轴心的距离。
风速与y轴所示的气压差成正比，所以y轴所示的气压差在HEPA滤网整个面积的积分值越高，代表本发明的流过HEPA滤网的空气体积流量率越高，即性能越好。同时，y轴所示的气压差沿x轴分布越均匀，越能把空气中的粒子均匀分布在整个HEPA滤网面上，延长滤网使用寿命。
简易型实施例用图19中粗虚线加以分析：在r＝0和r＝48.5mm之间有一段平坦的直线，代表该区域恒定的静压差，说明气流在叶轮轮毂的下游受到突然的截面形状变化，与轮毂表面完全分离了，降低了系统效率。从叶轮叶根到叶尖区域的静压差呈抛物线上升，然后受外壳15与滤网框架3之间的截面形状突变，而使静压差急剧下降，表示通过滤网16的空气流速急剧下降，即系统效率急剧下降。r＝141mm和r＝199.4mm之都在滤网框架3之内，静压差无明显变化，表示空气流速稳定。
高效型实施例在通过过滤器的每一个点都有更高的压差和流速。图19中代表本发明的高效型实施例的粗实线在r＝0和r＝48.5mm之间是一段线性升高的直线，代表稳定增加的静压差，或稳定增加的空气流速，说明气流在叶轮轮毂的下游并未与轮毂表面完全分离。而且与本发明的简易型实施例相比，外壳15与滤网框架3之间区域的急剧下降的静压差消失了，是因为扩散器24的作用，保持了稳定且高的静压差，从而大大增高了系统的效率。
8、声明
上述实施例只是为了说明本发明的技术构思及特点，其目的是在于让本领域内的普通技术人员能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施，并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡是根据本发明内容的实质所作出的等效的变化或修饰，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种通风净化器，包括电风扇，其特征在于，所述的电风扇包括外壳(15)、叶轮(6)和电机(13)，装有预滤网(9)和主滤网(16)，该预滤网(9)和主滤网(16)分别设在流过电风扇的气流的上游和下游；在电风扇的进风端的外沿设有风口对接件(4)，在该电风扇的下面设有支座(23)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通风净化器，其特征在于，所述的电风扇为轴流式风扇，电机(13)通过数个径向的导流叶片(5)或支杆支撑在圆筒形外壳(15)的轴心，叶轮(6)安装在电机(13)的输出轴上，导流叶片/支杆(5)位于叶轮(6)的上游或下游。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于，在所述的风口对接件(4)与外壳(15)的入风端之间设有喇叭形的进风导流口(7)，该进风导流口(7)的轴向截面为流线形。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的通风净化器，其特征在于，在所述的外壳(15)的出风端与主滤网(16)之间装有扩散器(24)，扩散器(24)为圆锥形，其小口端与外壳(15)的出风端配合连接，大口端为圆形或方形，与一滤网框体(3)连接，所述的主滤网(16)安装在该滤网框体(3)内；该扩散器(24)用于将气流从一个较小的截面平稳地扩展到一个更大的截面，以增加通过空气管道的空气总体积流率。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的主滤网(16)采用能够过滤PM2.5的滤网，主滤网(16)以抽插的方式安装在所述的滤网框体(3)内，并由顶盖(2)固定住。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：还包括与所述的主滤网(16)外形尺寸相同的安全栅格(37)，用于在强制通风使用过程中将其替换主滤网(16)，以保护风机叶片免受外来物的损伤和人的手指误入而被叶片打伤；它以装卸主滤网(16)相同的方式滑入滤网框体(3)，并由顶盖(2)固定住。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：在所述的外壳(15)的上端设有提手(1)。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的导流叶片(5)沿圆周均布，其根部和顶端分别连接在内环(17)和外环(18)上，该内环(17)内装入所述的电机(13)，该外环(18)嵌入所述的外壳(15)内侧的扩径部分，并使得该外环(18)的内周面与外壳(15)内侧的非扩径部分的内周面平齐，以减少对气流的阻力。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的叶轮(6)的轮毂为一圆形的平衡挡板(25)，在该平衡挡板(25)的内侧设有沿圆周均布的多个径向的滑轨(26)，在滑轨(26)上滑动安装平衡块(27)，通过调节平衡块(27)的位置达到调节叶轮(6)动平衡的目的，平衡块(27)用粘结剂固定；在该平衡挡板(25)的中心设有用于安装在电机的输出轴上的安装孔和沿圆周均布的允许冷却空气通过的孔；在该平衡挡板(25)的上游装 有弧形的导流盖(34)，以增强叶轮(6)根部的空气动力效率。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：利用抛物线来设计所述叶轮(6)的叶片的前缘(28)和后缘(29)的平面投影，用圆弧线来设计叶片的根部(30)和叶片顶部(31)的平面投影；即利用抛物线来设计平面翼型并投影到圆柱形表面以生成在圆周方向具有恒定厚度、在径向具有线性渐变厚度的、具有圆弧翼型前缘和后缘的圆柱翼型件(32)，叶片前缘是:xLE＝-1.972yLE 2+0.115yLE 2+0115yLE-0.005，叶片后缘是:xTE＝-3.615yTE 2+0.945yTE-0.005。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的叶轮(6)的叶片的叶根到叶尖的叶片俯仰角为69.3-74.7度，叶片俯仰角定义为从叶轮轴到翼型弦线间的夹角，从叶根到叶尖的总扭角为5.4度，总扭角定义为叶根处的俯仰角减去叶尖处的俯仰角所得的差；相应的导流叶片(5)具有NACA4位数基系列的拱线并且叶片厚度无变化但叶片弦长从叶尖到叶根按线性递减，翼型最大拱度m＝0.105·δ，
    Figure PCTCN2016098851-appb-100001
    V是轴向流速，Vc是圆周速度。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：在所述电机(13)上设有电机罩(14)，所述电机罩(14)为半个椭圆体或其他连续曲率的平滑形状，前端的开口固定于导流叶片(5)或支杆的内环(17)或支杆支撑上，后端的椭圆形顶端朝电风扇的出风端，在该电机罩(14)上设有通风孔(141)。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的通风净化器，其特征在于，所述的电风扇为离心式风扇，包括外壳(15)、叶轮(6)和电机(13)，外壳(15)为蜗壳形状，电机(13)安装在外壳(15)的一端的中心，叶轮(6)安装在电机(13)的输出轴上，外壳(15)另一端的中心为进风端，在外壳(15)的切向口为出风端，直接与所述的风口对接件(4)连接，或通过进风管(38)与所述的风口对接件(4)间接连接。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：在所述的支座(23)的下面设有高度和水平度调节器(11)。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的高度和水平度调节器(11)由两对左右对称设置的支脚组成，支脚通过螺纹与支座的(23)连接。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：所述的高度和水平度调节器(11)由高度调节机构(111)和水平度调节机构(112)组成，该高度调节机构(111)包括相互套在一起并能够伸缩的内、外套管，在该内、外套管之间装有高度调节装置；该水平度调节机构(112)由四根螺栓组成，四根螺栓分别通过螺纹连接在高度调节机构(111)的底端。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：还包括一挡风片(20)，所述的挡风片(20)采用不透风的硬质或软质材料制成，在该挡风片(20)上设有进风口(35)，当挡风片为软质材料时，需要有在该进风口(35)的边缘设有与所述的风口对接件(4)对应的风口环(36)，所述的风口环(36)采用硬质或软质的材料制成。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：在所述的风口环(36)和/或风口对接件(4)采用铁质材料或磁性材料；或在风口对接件(4)、进风导流口(7)、或风口环(36)上加磁体；或在风口环(36)与风口对接件(4)采用锁扣连接。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的通风净化器，其特征在于：在所述的挡风片(20)面积较大而易于变形或不坚固时，在其上设有加固板(22)，增强挡风片(20)的抗风能力。
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