WO2017035674A1 - Structural wall made of reinforced concrete with thermal insulation and associated production method - Google Patents

Structural wall made of reinforced concrete with thermal insulation and associated production method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017035674A1
WO2017035674A1 PCT/CL2015/050037 CL2015050037W WO2017035674A1 WO 2017035674 A1 WO2017035674 A1 WO 2017035674A1 CL 2015050037 W CL2015050037 W CL 2015050037W WO 2017035674 A1 WO2017035674 A1 WO 2017035674A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wall
plate
projections
insulating material
molds
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CL2015/050037
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ricardo Javier SERPELL CARRIQUIRY
Mauricio Alejandro LÓPEZ CASANOVA
Original Assignee
Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile
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Publication date
Application filed by Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile filed Critical Pontificia Universidad Católica De Chile
Priority to PCT/CL2015/050037 priority Critical patent/WO2017035674A1/en
Publication of WO2017035674A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017035674A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/40—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid the walls being characterised by fillings in all cavities in order to form a wall construction
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/72—Non-load-bearing walls of elements of relatively thin form with respect to the thickness of the wall
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
    • E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reinforced concrete wall structure system for building envelope up to five stories high that can be built on site or prefabricated, comprising the use of reinforced concrete, a plate of thermal insulating material by the outer face of the wall and covering material for the insulating plate.
  • the placement of the plate is carried out during the mold installation stage, thus saving the subsequent process of installing conventional insulation, the reinforced concrete consists of an optimized structure with a central reinforcement mesh that minimizes the use of reinforcement material and concrete.
  • reinforced concrete is today the most widely used manufactured material in the world, with a production that exceeds 35,000 million tons per year according to estimates based on world cement production (4,000 million tons in 2013, according to the Mineral Commodity Summaries 2014 of the US Geological Survey).
  • these advantages have not been exploited in the construction of medium-rise houses and buildings in which other materials such as wood and masonry have historically dominated.
  • the lack of competitiveness of concrete in houses is due to the fact that the design has not been carried out comprehensively, nor with a focus on the solicitations of this type of buildings with up to five floors. That is to say, the structural, constructive and energetic aspects have been solved in an isolated way, damaging each other and preventing reaching the best global solution.
  • the thermal demands for houses and the lack of workforce require the development of new solutions for more competitive, industrializable envelope walls that combine the scientific advances of building materials and physics with model developments structural and practical field engineering in the optimization of construction procedures.
  • EP2644796 refers to a reinforced reinforced concrete panel combined with a thick layer of insulation and a relatively thin front layer of concrete without reinforcement.
  • the concreted front wall is divided into sections divided by cracking indicators.
  • the indicators are covered by a layer that allows the relative sliding of the blocks.
  • the front wall is covered by a layer of plaster that is reinforced by a fiberglass mesh.
  • document CN104032888 describes a prefabricated panel.
  • Said envelope wall panel comprises an exterior decoration layer, a reinforced concrete layer with fine aggregates, a low density insulation layer and an interior decoration layer that is fixedly connected from the exterior to the interior.
  • the layer with the reinforcing bars is introduced into the thermal insulation layer for the formation of a plate with resistant ribs.
  • the panel further comprises heat insulating pads arranged on the end surfaces of the plate ribs.
  • the panel also has connection elements arranged on the periphery of the external wall panel.
  • the upper part and the lower part of the external wall panel are respectively provided with positioning mechanisms.
  • the upper part of the outer wall panel is provided with hanging rings, and pre-burial accessories are arranged in the outer wall panel.
  • the wall comprises a first mortar layer, a thermal insulation material, a second mortar layer, a finishing panel, and a joint molding.
  • the first layer of mortar is formed on the surface of an external wall made of a concrete retaining wall.
  • the thermal insulation material is attached to the second layer of mortar.
  • the finishing panel consists of a main body and a honeycomb configuration.
  • the main body is formed by a flexed metal plate.
  • the honeycomb configuration is inserted into the main body. The union of molds interposes between the finishing panels.
  • the application WO201 1 136401 describes a sectional construction panel, in which one or more outer projections are formed inside the same, coupling assistants forming the interior and exterior thereof.
  • the panel comprises inner plates with metal slats attached to the outer projections, symmetrically arranged to form an insertion projecting part on the upper side thereof and an insert recess on the lower side thereof.
  • An insulating member having coupling holes is formed in the center of the interior space between the inner and outer plates, where bolt connection plates are arranged, fixed in coupling holes formed in the insulating member. Both ends of the bolt connections are arranged and coupled to the through holes formed in the inner and outer plates.
  • WO2004053252 discloses a composite roof panel composed of a flat or substantially flat roof comprising: a generally flat outer sheet; an internal profiled sheet; and an insulating core between the outer sheet and the inner sheet; the panel having a first overlap portion that extends along one side and a second overlap portion that extends along an opposite side;
  • the inner sheet has a first overlapping inner sheet portion on one side and a second overlapping inner sheet portion on the opposite side, the first overlapping portion is substantially free of insulating core.
  • the side edge of the insulating core in the first overlapping portion has a first inclined wedge face and the side edge of the insulating core in the second overlapping portion has a second inclined wedge face that is directed opposite to the first face of inclined wedge in the first overlapping part.
  • the present invention relates to a concrete wall comprising a plate of thermal insulating material on the outer face for building envelope of up to five floors.
  • the placement of the plate is carried out during the thick construction stage, simultaneously with the installation of the conventional molds of the wall and prior to the emptying of the fresh concrete, thus saving the subsequent insulation installation process.
  • the solution of the present invention allows a speed of execution superior to that of the traditional methods, a greater thermal resistance (reducing the thermal bridges in relation to alternative solutions) and the benefit of taking advantage of the thermal inertia of the concrete inside the building .
  • the outer face of the plate is smooth and is in contact with the inner face of the outer mold of the wall.
  • the inner side of the plate has a relief that fits with the openings between the vertical and horizontal bars that form the reinforcement mesh that is part of the supporting section of the wall and, consequently, the geometry of the insulating plate matches the geometry of said mesh. This allows the generation of a relief superimposed on the inner face of the external mold of the wall, which reduces the amount of concrete mixture required to execute the supporting section of said wall, and at the same time ensures that the mixture used forms a coating of adequate thickness around the rebar.
  • the plate acts as a separator between conventional molds (exterior and interior) and determines the total wall thickness.
  • the insulating material has the total thickness of the wall.
  • a set of these contact areas are in positions that coincide with those of the bolts and / or pins of the molds, which facilitates their installation by means of manual drilling of the plate.
  • the plates are prefabricated, so that the thickness of the insulator can be modified according to the requirement of thermal insulation of the area, without the need to alter the thickness of the supporting section of the wall.
  • the present invention combines the use of thermal, cementitious and concrete insulating materials, together with efficient construction systems around an optimized structural and energy design. It is an integral solution that can adapt to different climatic zones and that has a superior performance to any of the solutions currently in use.
  • the present invention makes it possible to have an envelope wall solution that has a behavior (energetic and structural) similar to existing solutions but with a lower construction cost or term; or, a behavior (energetic and structural) superior to the existing solutions at a similar cost or term.
  • Figure 1 consists of four orthogonal projections and a view of the thermal insulating material plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 2 consists of a view of the foundation or support of the wall and the anchor bars for the assembly of the central reinforcing mesh of the supporting section of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 3 consists of a view of the assembly of the central reinforcing mesh of the supporting section of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 4 consists of a view of the assembly process of a plate of thermal insulation material of the wall of according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 5 consists of a view of the finished assembly of the plates of thermal insulation material of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 6 consists of a view of the assembly of the molds on both sides of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 7 consists of a view of the finished wall and the central reinforcement mesh protruding to anchor an upper level wall or a slab according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the present invention comprises a wall (1) and the method of manufacturing said wall (1).
  • the wall (1) comprises a plate (2) of thermal insulating material.
  • Said plate preferably rectangular, comprises a flat face (3) which is exposed to the outside of the wall and which in one embodiment of the invention preferably comprises at least two rectangular grooves (4) arranged in parallel on its surface. to the greater dimension of the plate (2), and an internal face (5) which comprises a plurality of protrusions or projections (6), where said projections (6) have a precise fit with the spaces between vertical and horizontal bars that they make up a central reinforcement mesh (7) of the concrete of the supporting section of the wall.
  • minor projections (6a) and major projections (6b) there are preferably two types of projections: minor projections (6a) and major projections (6b), where the height of the minor projections (6a) is defined to the position where the central reinforcement mesh (7) is located, and the height of the major projections (6b) define the thickness of the supporting section of the wall (1).
  • the projections (6) of the plate (2) have a rectangular base, preferably square, and are tapered towards its upper part, ending in a preferably square section in its upper part, of smaller area than the respective base.
  • the major projections (6b) are distributed in vertical and horizontal lines, separated from each other, without being adjacent to each other, as shown in Figure 1.
  • the upper end of the inner face (5a) of the thermal insulating plate (2) has no projections for facilitate the installation of additional rebar in the crowning of the wall.
  • the plate (2) may be made of expanded polystyrene (preferably with a density equal to or greater than 20 [kg / m 3 ]). However, it is possible to use other thermal insulating materials for its preparation, such as polyurethane and other rigid polymeric foams, modifying the thickness of the plate according to the respective thermal conductivities of these materials to achieve a wall of the required thermal resistance.
  • the spacing of the mesh must be respected, preferably a spacing equal to 15 x 15 cm.
  • the first horizontal bar of the central reinforcement mesh (7) of the supporting section of the wall must be at a distance equal to 10.0 cm from a foundation or wall support (8), with a tolerance of ⁇ 1.0 cm .
  • the central reinforcement mesh (7) In situ, the central reinforcement mesh (7) must be installed free of twists and bends. In addition, it must be clean, free of mud, oil or other substances harmful to adhesion with concrete.
  • a plurality of embedded anchor bars (9) are provided, preferably spaced 15 cm apart, and protruding in the projection of the wall (1).
  • the installation of the central reinforcement mesh (7) is carried out in one stage exclusively.
  • the central reinforcement mesh (7) rests on the foundation or support of the wall (8) and is arranged by shoring the vertical reinforcing bars with the anchor bars embedded in said foundation or support (8), to which It should be fixed using preferably annealed wire.
  • a wall tie between the anchor bars (9) and the horizontal bars of the central reinforcement mesh (7) and a double tie between the anchor bars and the respective vertical bars of the reinforcement mesh are recommended.
  • the plates (2) of insulating material are placed on the outer side of the mesh. This procedure is simple, supporting the plate (2) in the foundation or support of the wall (8) and drilling it with a wire, which will be tied to the central reinforcement mesh (7). In this way, the plate is temporarily maintained and, subsequently, it is ensured that the relative position of the central reinforcement mesh (7), plate (2) and mold (10) is correct.
  • the installation of molds (10) can be executed simultaneously to the placement of the plates (2). It is important to mention that the formwork is the one that provides the final stability to the structure before concreting, so it is recommended to perform both procedures together.
  • the configuration of the present invention makes it unnecessary to use spacer tubes, since it is the same thermal insulating plate (2) that ensures the correct finished thickness.
  • After the installation of the molds check the square and correct placement of plate (2). The necessary adjustments are made and the surface of the foundation or support of the wall (8) of particles of thermal insulating material that have been left over after the perforation of the plate is cleaned.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a structural wall made of reinforced concrete for an envelope of a building of up to five floors with thermal insulation, comprising a sheet of thermally insulating material which has a flat face facing the outer part of the wall and an inner face comprising a plurality of protuberances or projections, and a concreted supporting section facing the inner part of the wall and reinforced by means of a central reinforcing mesh which comprises a plurality of vertical and horizontal bars that are interspaced such that the openings therebetween are complementary to the projections of the sheet of thermally insulating material. The invention also relates to the associated production method.

Description

MURO ESTRUCTURAL DE HORMIGÓN ARMADO CON AISLACIÓN STRUCTURAL WALL OF CONCRETE CONCRETE WITH INSULATION
TÉRMICA Y PROCEDIMIENTO DE FABRICACIÓN ASOCIADO THERMAL AND ASSOCIATED MANUFACTURING PROCEDURE
CAMPO DE APLICACIÓN SCOPE
La presente invención se relaciona con un sistema de estructura de muro de hormigón armado para envolvente de edificaciones de hasta cinco pisos de altura que puede ser construido in situ o prefabricado, que comprende la utilización de hormigón armado, una placa de material aislante térmico por la cara exterior del muro y material de recubrimiento para la placa aislante. La colocación de la placa es realizada durante la etapa de instalación de moldes, ahorrando así el proceso posterior de instalación de aislación convencional, el hormigón armado consiste en una estructura optimizada con una malla de refuerzo central que minimiza el uso de material de refuerzo y de hormigón. The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete wall structure system for building envelope up to five stories high that can be built on site or prefabricated, comprising the use of reinforced concrete, a plate of thermal insulating material by the outer face of the wall and covering material for the insulating plate. The placement of the plate is carried out during the mold installation stage, thus saving the subsequent process of installing conventional insulation, the reinforced concrete consists of an optimized structure with a central reinforcement mesh that minimizes the use of reinforcement material and concrete.
ANTECEDENTES BACKGROUND
Debido a sus enormes ventajas estructurales y constructivas, el hormigón armado es hoy en día el material manufacturado de mayor uso en el mundo, con una producción que supera las 35.000 millones de toneladas anuales según estimaciones basadas en la producción mundial de cemento (4.000 millones de toneladas en 2013, de acuerdo al Mineral Commodity Summaries 2014 de U.S. Geological Survey). Sin embargo, estas ventajas no han sido aprovechadas en la construcción de casas y edificaciones de mediana altura en las que otras materialidades como madera y albañilería han dominado históricamente. La falta de competitividad del hormigón en casas se debe a que el diseño no se ha realizado de manera integral, ni con foco en las solicitaciones de este tipo de edificaciones de hasta cinco pisos. Es decir los aspectos estructurales, constructivos y energitérmicos se han solucionado de manera aislada perjudicándose mutuamente e impidiendo llegar a la mejor solución global. Por otro lado, las exigencias térmicas para casas y la falta de mano de obra requieren del desarrollo de nuevas soluciones para muros de envolvente más competitivas, industrializables y que combinen a su vez los avances científicos de materiales y física de la edificación con desarrollos de modelos estructurales y la ingeniería práctica de terreno en la optimización de procedimientos constructivos. Due to its enormous structural and constructive advantages, reinforced concrete is today the most widely used manufactured material in the world, with a production that exceeds 35,000 million tons per year according to estimates based on world cement production (4,000 million tons in 2013, according to the Mineral Commodity Summaries 2014 of the US Geological Survey). However, these advantages have not been exploited in the construction of medium-rise houses and buildings in which other materials such as wood and masonry have historically dominated. The lack of competitiveness of concrete in houses is due to the fact that the design has not been carried out comprehensively, nor with a focus on the solicitations of this type of buildings with up to five floors. That is to say, the structural, constructive and energetic aspects have been solved in an isolated way, damaging each other and preventing reaching the best global solution. On the other hand, the thermal demands for houses and the lack of workforce require the development of new solutions for more competitive, industrializable envelope walls that combine the scientific advances of building materials and physics with model developments structural and practical field engineering in the optimization of construction procedures.
El documento EP2644796 se refiere a un panel de hormigón armado reforzado combinado con una gruesa capa de aislamiento y una capa relativamente delgada frontal de hormigón sin refuerzo. La pared frontal hormigonado está dividida en secciones divididas por indicadores de agrietamiento. Los indicadores están cubiertos por una capa que permite el deslizamiento relativo de los bloques. La pared frontal está cubierta por una capa de yeso que está reforzada por una malla de fibra de vidrio. EP2644796 refers to a reinforced reinforced concrete panel combined with a thick layer of insulation and a relatively thin front layer of concrete without reinforcement. The concreted front wall is divided into sections divided by cracking indicators. The indicators are covered by a layer that allows the relative sliding of the blocks. The front wall is covered by a layer of plaster that is reinforced by a fiberglass mesh.
Por otro lado, el documento CN104032888, describe un panel prefabricado. Dicho panel de muro de envolvente comprende una capa de decoración exterior, una capa de hormigón manufacturado con agregados finos, reforzado, una capa de aislación de baja densidad y una capa de decoración de interior que se conecta fijamente desde el exterior hacia el interior. La capa con las barras de refuerzo se introduce en la capa de aislamiento térmico para la formación de una placa con costillas resistentes. El panel comprende además almohadillas aislantes de calor dispuestas en las superficies extremas de las costillas de la placa. El panel dispone además de elementos de conexión dispuestos en la periferia del panel de pared externa. La parte superior y la parte inferior del panel de pared externa están respectivamente provistas de mecanismos de posicionamiento. La parte superior del panel de pared externa está provisto de anillos colgantes, y accesorios de pre-entierro están dispuestos en el panel de la pared externa. On the other hand, document CN104032888 describes a prefabricated panel. Said envelope wall panel comprises an exterior decoration layer, a reinforced concrete layer with fine aggregates, a low density insulation layer and an interior decoration layer that is fixedly connected from the exterior to the interior. The layer with the reinforcing bars is introduced into the thermal insulation layer for the formation of a plate with resistant ribs. The panel further comprises heat insulating pads arranged on the end surfaces of the plate ribs. The panel also has connection elements arranged on the periphery of the external wall panel. The upper part and the lower part of the external wall panel are respectively provided with positioning mechanisms. The upper part of the outer wall panel is provided with hanging rings, and pre-burial accessories are arranged in the outer wall panel.
Otra solución de este tipo es planteada por el documento KR200901 13408, el cual se refiere a un muro a prueba de agua, a prueba de sonido y aislacion térmica con una estructura de fijación. El muro comprende una primera capa de mortero, un material de aislamiento térmico, una segunda capa de mortero, un panel de acabado, y una moldura de unión. La primera capa de mortero es formada sobre la superficie de una pared externa hecha de un muro de contención de hormigón. El material de aislacion térmico está unido a la segunda capa de mortero. El panel de acabado se compone de un cuerpo principal y una configuración de panal. El cuerpo principal está formado por una placa de metal flexionada. La configuración de panal se inserta en el cuerpo principal. La unión de moldes se interpone entre los paneles de acabado. Another solution of this type is proposed by document KR200901 13408, which refers to a waterproof wall, soundproof and thermal insulation with a fixing structure. The wall comprises a first mortar layer, a thermal insulation material, a second mortar layer, a finishing panel, and a joint molding. The first layer of mortar is formed on the surface of an external wall made of a concrete retaining wall. The thermal insulation material is attached to the second layer of mortar. The finishing panel consists of a main body and a honeycomb configuration. The main body is formed by a flexed metal plate. The honeycomb configuration is inserted into the main body. The union of molds interposes between the finishing panels.
La solicitud WO201 1 136401 describe un panel de construcción en sección, en el que uno o más salientes exteriores se forman en el interior del mismo, formando asistentes de acoplamiento el interior y exterior del mismo. El panel comprende placas interiores con listones de metal unidos a los salientes exteriores, dispuestas simétricamente para formar una parte saliente de inserción en el lado superior del mismo y un rebaje de inserción en el lado inferior de la misma. Un miembro aislante que tiene orificios de acoplamiento está formado en el centro del espacio interior entre las placas interiores y exteriores, en donde se disponen placas de conexiones para pernos, fijados en orificios de acoplamiento formados en el miembro aislante. Ambos extremos de las conexiones de los pernos están dispuestos y acoplados a los orificios pasantes formados en las placas interior y exterior. The application WO201 1 136401 describes a sectional construction panel, in which one or more outer projections are formed inside the same, coupling assistants forming the interior and exterior thereof. The panel comprises inner plates with metal slats attached to the outer projections, symmetrically arranged to form an insertion projecting part on the upper side thereof and an insert recess on the lower side thereof. An insulating member having coupling holes is formed in the center of the interior space between the inner and outer plates, where bolt connection plates are arranged, fixed in coupling holes formed in the insulating member. Both ends of the bolt connections are arranged and coupled to the through holes formed in the inner and outer plates.
Finalmente, el documento WO2004053252, describe un panel compuesto para techo compuesta por un comprendiendo plana o sustancialmente plana del techo: una hoja externa generalmente plana; una hoja interna perfilada; y un núcleo aislante entre la hoja externa y la hoja interna; el panel que tiene una primera porción de solapamiento que se extiende a lo largo de un lado y una segunda porción de solapamiento que se extiende a lo largo de un lado opuesto; la hoja interna tiene una primera porción de lámina interna de solapamiento en un lado y una segunda porción de lámina interna de solapamiento en el lado opuesto, la primera porción de solapamiento está sustancialmente libre de núcleo aislante. El borde lateral del núcleo aislante en la primera porción de solapamiento tiene una primera cara de cuña inclinada y el borde lateral del núcleo aislante en la segunda porción de solapamiento tiene una segunda cara de cuña inclinada que está dirigida de forma opuesta a la primera cara de cuña inclinada en la primera parte de solapamiento. Finally, WO2004053252 discloses a composite roof panel composed of a flat or substantially flat roof comprising: a generally flat outer sheet; an internal profiled sheet; and an insulating core between the outer sheet and the inner sheet; the panel having a first overlap portion that extends along one side and a second overlap portion that extends along an opposite side; The inner sheet has a first overlapping inner sheet portion on one side and a second overlapping inner sheet portion on the opposite side, the first overlapping portion is substantially free of insulating core. The side edge of the insulating core in the first overlapping portion has a first inclined wedge face and the side edge of the insulating core in the second overlapping portion has a second inclined wedge face that is directed opposite to the first face of inclined wedge in the first overlapping part.
Estas soluciones son de compleja fabricación y en la mayoría de los casos requieren de una cantidad de elementos adicionales que retardan su fabricación, haciendo el proceso de elaboración menos eficiente. SOLUCIÓN TÉCNICA These solutions are of complex manufacture and in most cases require a number of additional elements that delay their manufacture, making the manufacturing process less efficient. TECHNICAL SOLUTION
La presente invención se relaciona con un muro de hormigón que comprende una placa de material aislante térmico por la cara exterior para envolvente de edificación de hasta cinco pisos. La colocación de la placa es realizada durante la etapa de obra gruesa, en forma simultánea a la instalación de los moldes convencionales del muro y previa al vaciado del hormigón fresco, ahorrando así el proceso posterior de instalación de aislación. La solución de la presente invención permite una rapidez de ejecución superior a la de los métodos tradicionales, una resistencia térmica mayor (reduciendo los puentes térmicos en relación con soluciones alternativas) y el beneficio de aprovechar la inercia térmica del hormigón en el interior de la edificación. The present invention relates to a concrete wall comprising a plate of thermal insulating material on the outer face for building envelope of up to five floors. The placement of the plate is carried out during the thick construction stage, simultaneously with the installation of the conventional molds of the wall and prior to the emptying of the fresh concrete, thus saving the subsequent insulation installation process. The solution of the present invention allows a speed of execution superior to that of the traditional methods, a greater thermal resistance (reducing the thermal bridges in relation to alternative solutions) and the benefit of taking advantage of the thermal inertia of the concrete inside the building .
La cara exterior de la placa es lisa y queda en contacto con la cara interior del molde exterior del muro. La cara interior de la placa posee un relieve que calza con las aperturas entre las barras verticales y horizontales que forman la malla de refuerzo que es parte de la sección soportante del muro y, en consecuencia, la geometría de la placa aislante calza con la geometría de dicha malla. Esto permite la generación de un relieve superpuesto a la cara interna del molde externo del muro, el cual reduce la cantidad de mezcla de hormigón requerida para ejecutar la sección soportante de dicho muro, y al mismo tiempo asegura que la mezcla utilizada forme un recubrimiento de espesor adecuado en torno a las barras de refuerzo. The outer face of the plate is smooth and is in contact with the inner face of the outer mold of the wall. The inner side of the plate has a relief that fits with the openings between the vertical and horizontal bars that form the reinforcement mesh that is part of the supporting section of the wall and, consequently, the geometry of the insulating plate matches the geometry of said mesh. This allows the generation of a relief superimposed on the inner face of the external mold of the wall, which reduces the amount of concrete mixture required to execute the supporting section of said wall, and at the same time ensures that the mixture used forms a coating of adequate thickness around the rebar.
Los elementos más sobresalientes del relieve de la cara interior de la placa quedan en contacto con la cara interior del molde interior del muro. Gracias a estos elementos, la placa actúa como separador entre los moldes convencionales (exterior e interior) y determina el espesor total del muro. En las áreas de contacto de estos elementos más sobresalientes con el molde interior el material aislante tiene el espesor total del muro. Un conjunto de estas áreas de contacto se encuentran en posiciones que coinciden con las de los pernos y/o pasadores de los moldes, lo que facilita su instalación mediante la es perforación manual de la placa. Una vez desmoldado el muro, estas áreas de contacto quedan expuestas hacia el interior, lo que permite atravesar fácilmente el muro con conductos y artefactos de instalaciones de servicios mediante la simple perforación del material aislante. The most prominent elements of the relief of the inner face of the plate are in contact with the inner face of the inner mold of the wall. Thank you To these elements, the plate acts as a separator between conventional molds (exterior and interior) and determines the total wall thickness. In the areas of contact of these most prominent elements with the inner mold the insulating material has the total thickness of the wall. A set of these contact areas are in positions that coincide with those of the bolts and / or pins of the molds, which facilitates their installation by means of manual drilling of the plate. Once the wall has been unmold, these contact areas are exposed inwards, allowing the wall to be easily traversed through ducts and service facility devices by simply drilling the insulating material.
Las placas son prefabricadas, por lo que el espesor del aislante puede ser modificado según el requerimiento de aislación térmica de la zona, sin necesidad de alterar el espesor de la sección soportante del muro. The plates are prefabricated, so that the thickness of the insulator can be modified according to the requirement of thermal insulation of the area, without the need to alter the thickness of the supporting section of the wall.
La presente invención combina el uso de materiales aislantes térmicos, cementicios y hormigón, junto a sistemas constructivos eficientes en torno a un diseño estructural y energitérmico optimizado. Se trata de una solución integral que puede adaptarse a diferentes zonas climáticas y que tiene un desempeño superior a cualquiera de las soluciones actualmente en uso. The present invention combines the use of thermal, cementitious and concrete insulating materials, together with efficient construction systems around an optimized structural and energy design. It is an integral solution that can adapt to different climatic zones and that has a superior performance to any of the solutions currently in use.
La presente invención posibilita tener una solución de muros de envolvente que tiene un comportamiento (energitérmico y estructural) similar a las soluciones existentes pero con un menor costo o plazo de construcción; o bien, un comportamiento (energitérmico y estructural) superior a las soluciones existentes a un costo o plazo similar. BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS The present invention makes it possible to have an envelope wall solution that has a behavior (energetic and structural) similar to existing solutions but with a lower construction cost or term; or, a behavior (energetic and structural) superior to the existing solutions at a similar cost or term. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La figura 1 consiste en cuatro proyecciones ortogonales y una vista de la placa de material aislante térmico de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención Figure 1 consists of four orthogonal projections and a view of the thermal insulating material plate according to an embodiment of the invention.
La figura 2 consiste en una vista de la fundación o apoyo del muro y las barras de anclaje para el montaje de la malla central de refuerzo de la sección soportante del muro de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención Figure 2 consists of a view of the foundation or support of the wall and the anchor bars for the assembly of the central reinforcing mesh of the supporting section of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention
La figura 3 consiste en una vista del montaje de la malla central de refuerzo de la sección soportante del muro de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención La figura 4 consiste en una vista del proceso de montaje de una placa de material aislante térmico del muro de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención Figure 3 consists of a view of the assembly of the central reinforcing mesh of the supporting section of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention. Figure 4 consists of a view of the assembly process of a plate of thermal insulation material of the wall of according to an embodiment of the invention
La figura 5 consiste en una vista del montaje terminado de las placas de material aislante térmico del muro de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención Figure 5 consists of a view of the finished assembly of the plates of thermal insulation material of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention
La figura 6 consiste en una vista del montaje de los moldes por ambas caras del muro de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención Figure 6 consists of a view of the assembly of the molds on both sides of the wall according to an embodiment of the invention.
La figura 7 consiste en una vista del muro terminado y la malla de refuerzo central que sobresale para anclar un muro de nivel superior o una losa de acuerdo a una modalidad de la invención. Figure 7 consists of a view of the finished wall and the central reinforcement mesh protruding to anchor an upper level wall or a slab according to an embodiment of the invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención comprende un muro (1 ) y el procedimiento de fabricación de dicho muro (1 ). En una modalidad preferida de la presente invención, el muro (1 ) comprende una placa (2) de material aislante térmico. Dicha placa, preferentemente rectangular, comprende una cara plana (3) la cual se encuentra expuesta a la parte exterior del muro y que en una modalidad de la invención comprende en su superficie preferentemente al menos dos surcos de sección rectangular (4) dispuestos ambos paralelos a la dimensión mayor de la placa (2), y una cara interna (5) la cual comprende una pluralidad de protuberancias o salientes (6), donde dichos salientes (6) tienen un calce preciso con los espacios entre barras verticales y horizontales que componen una malla de refuerzo central (7) del hormigón de la sección soportante del muro. Existen preferentemente dos tipos de salientes: salientes menores (6a) y salientes mayores (6b), donde la altura de los salientes menores (6a) se define hasta la posición donde se ubica la malla de refuerzo central (7), y la altura de los salientes mayores (6b) define el espesor de la sección soportante del muro (1 ). De esta manera, la placa (2) y la malla de refuerzo central (7) se encuentran coordinadas geométricamente una con otra. Los salientes (6) de la placa (2) presentan una base rectangular, preferentemente cuadrada, y se van ahusando hacia su parte superior, terminando en una sección preferentemente cuadrada en su parte superior, de menor área que la base respectiva. En una modalidad de la invención, los salientes mayores (6b) se distribuyen en líneas verticales y horizontales, separados entre sí, sin ser adyacentes entre ellos, tal como se muestra en la Figura 1 . En una modalidad de la invención, el extremo superior de la cara interior (5a) de la placa (2) aislante térmica no tiene salientes para facilitar la instalación de barras de refuerzo adicionales en la coronación del muro. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a wall (1) and the method of manufacturing said wall (1). In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wall (1) comprises a plate (2) of thermal insulating material. Said plate, preferably rectangular, comprises a flat face (3) which is exposed to the outside of the wall and which in one embodiment of the invention preferably comprises at least two rectangular grooves (4) arranged in parallel on its surface. to the greater dimension of the plate (2), and an internal face (5) which comprises a plurality of protrusions or projections (6), where said projections (6) have a precise fit with the spaces between vertical and horizontal bars that they make up a central reinforcement mesh (7) of the concrete of the supporting section of the wall. There are preferably two types of projections: minor projections (6a) and major projections (6b), where the height of the minor projections (6a) is defined to the position where the central reinforcement mesh (7) is located, and the height of the major projections (6b) define the thickness of the supporting section of the wall (1). In this way, the plate (2) and the central reinforcement mesh (7) are geometrically coordinated with each other. The projections (6) of the plate (2) have a rectangular base, preferably square, and are tapered towards its upper part, ending in a preferably square section in its upper part, of smaller area than the respective base. In one embodiment of the invention, the major projections (6b) are distributed in vertical and horizontal lines, separated from each other, without being adjacent to each other, as shown in Figure 1. In one embodiment of the invention, the upper end of the inner face (5a) of the thermal insulating plate (2) has no projections for facilitate the installation of additional rebar in the crowning of the wall.
La placa (2) puede estar fabricada de poli-estireno expandido (preferentemente con densidad igual o mayor a 20 [kg/m3]). No obstante, es posible utilizar para su confección otros materiales aislantes térmicos, como poli- uretano y otras espumas poliméricas rígidas, modificando el espesor de la placa de acuerdo con las conductividades térmicas respectivas de estos materiales para lograr un muro de la resistencia térmica requerida. The plate (2) may be made of expanded polystyrene (preferably with a density equal to or greater than 20 [kg / m 3 ]). However, it is possible to use other thermal insulating materials for its preparation, such as polyurethane and other rigid polymeric foams, modifying the thickness of the plate according to the respective thermal conductivities of these materials to achieve a wall of the required thermal resistance.
Para asegurar la coordinación entre la placa aislante (2) y la malla de refuerzo (7), se debe respetar el espaciamiento de la malla, preferentemente un espaciamiento igual a 15 x 15 cm.  To ensure coordination between the insulating plate (2) and the reinforcement mesh (7), the spacing of the mesh must be respected, preferably a spacing equal to 15 x 15 cm.
La primera barra horizontal de la malla de refuerzo central (7) de la sección soportante del muro debe quedar a una distancia igual a 10,0 cm de una fundación o apoyo del muro (8), con una tolerancia de ±1 ,0 cm.  The first horizontal bar of the central reinforcement mesh (7) of the supporting section of the wall must be at a distance equal to 10.0 cm from a foundation or wall support (8), with a tolerance of ± 1.0 cm .
In situ, la malla de refuerzo central (7) debe ser instalada libre de torceduras y flexiones. Además, debe estar limpia, libre de lodo, aceite u otras sustancias perjudiciales para la adherencia con el hormigón.  In situ, the central reinforcement mesh (7) must be installed free of twists and bends. In addition, it must be clean, free of mud, oil or other substances harmful to adhesion with concrete.
En la fundación o apoyo del muro (8), se proveen una pluralidad de barras de anclaje embebidas (9), preferentemente distanciadas 15 cm entre sí, y que sobresalen en la proyección del muro (1 ).  In the foundation or support of the wall (8), a plurality of embedded anchor bars (9) are provided, preferably spaced 15 cm apart, and protruding in the projection of the wall (1).
La instalación de la malla de refuerzo central (7) se realiza en una etapa de forma exclusiva. La malla de refuerzo central (7) se apoya en la fundación o apoyo del muro (8) y se dispone haciendo calzar las barras de refuerzo verticales con las barras de anclaje embebidas en dicha fundación o apoyo (8), a los que debe ser fijada utilizando preferentemente alambre recocido. Es recomendable una amarra para muros entre las barras de anclaje (9) y las barras horizontales de la malla de refuerzo central (7) y una amarra doble entre las barras de anclaje y las respectivas barras verticales de la malla de refuerzo. The installation of the central reinforcement mesh (7) is carried out in one stage exclusively. The central reinforcement mesh (7) rests on the foundation or support of the wall (8) and is arranged by shoring the vertical reinforcing bars with the anchor bars embedded in said foundation or support (8), to which It should be fixed using preferably annealed wire. A wall tie between the anchor bars (9) and the horizontal bars of the central reinforcement mesh (7) and a double tie between the anchor bars and the respective vertical bars of the reinforcement mesh are recommended.
Una vez instalada la malla de refuerzo central (7), se procede a colocar las placas (2) de material aislante por el lado exterior de la malla. Este procedimiento es sencillo, apoyando la placa (2) en la fundación o apoyo del muro (8) y perforándola con un alambre, el cual será amarrado a la malla de refuerzo central (7). De esta forma se consigue mantener posicionada temporalmente la placa y, posteriormente, se asegura que la posición relativa de la malla de refuerzo central (7), placa (2) y molde (10) sea correcta.  Once the central reinforcement mesh (7) is installed, the plates (2) of insulating material are placed on the outer side of the mesh. This procedure is simple, supporting the plate (2) in the foundation or support of the wall (8) and drilling it with a wire, which will be tied to the central reinforcement mesh (7). In this way, the plate is temporarily maintained and, subsequently, it is ensured that the relative position of the central reinforcement mesh (7), plate (2) and mold (10) is correct.
La instalación de moldes (10) puede ser ejecutada simultáneamente a la colocación de las placas (2). Es importante mencionar que el encofrado es el que proporciona la estabilidad final a la estructura antes del hormigonado, por lo que se recomienda realizar ambos procedimientos en conjunto. La configuración de la presente invención permite que no sea necesario el uso de tubos espaciadores, ya que es la misma placa (2) aislante térmica la que asegura el espesor terminado correcto. Posterior a la instalación de los moldes, se revisa el cuadre y colocación correcta de placa (2). Se realizan los ajustes necesarios y se limpia la superficie de la fundación o apoyo del muro (8) de partículas de material aislante térmico que hayan quedado encima luego de la perforación de la placa.  The installation of molds (10) can be executed simultaneously to the placement of the plates (2). It is important to mention that the formwork is the one that provides the final stability to the structure before concreting, so it is recommended to perform both procedures together. The configuration of the present invention makes it unnecessary to use spacer tubes, since it is the same thermal insulating plate (2) that ensures the correct finished thickness. After the installation of the molds, check the square and correct placement of plate (2). The necessary adjustments are made and the surface of the foundation or support of the wall (8) of particles of thermal insulating material that have been left over after the perforation of the plate is cleaned.
Posterior a esto se realiza el proceso de hormigonado. Finalmente, se retira el encofrado para obtener el muro (1 ) terminado.  After this the concreting process is carried out. Finally, the formwork is removed to obtain the finished wall (1).

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1 . Un muro estructural de hormigón armado con aislación térmica para envolvente de edificación de hasta cinco pisos, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende una placa de material aislante térmico que presenta una cara plana expuesta a la parte exterior del muro y una cara interna la cual comprende una pluralidad de protuberancias o salientes, y una sección soportante del muro constituida por hormigón, expuesto a la parte interior del muro, y armado con una malla de refuerzo central que comprende una pluralidad de barras horizontales y verticales las cuales calzan con los espacios entre los salientes de la placa de material aislante térmico. one . A structural wall of reinforced concrete with thermal insulation for building envelope of up to five floors, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises a plate of thermal insulation material that has a flat face exposed to the outside of the wall and an inner face which comprises a plurality of protrusions or projections, and a supporting section of the wall constituted by concrete, exposed to the inner part of the wall, and armed with a central reinforcement mesh comprising a plurality of horizontal and vertical bars which fit the spaces between the projections of the plate of thermal insulating material.
2. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la cara plana comprende en su superficie al menos dos surcos de sección rectangular.  2. The wall according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the flat face comprises at least two rectangular grooves on its surface.
3. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque los salientes de la placa de material aislante se dividen en salientes menores y salientes mayores.  3. The wall according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the projections of the insulating material plate are divided into smaller projections and larger projections.
4. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 3, CARACTERIZADO porque la altura de los salientes menores se define hasta la posición donde se instala la malla de refuerzo central.  4. The wall according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZED because the height of the smaller projections is defined to the position where the central reinforcement mesh is installed.
5. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 4, CARACTERIZADO porque la altura de los salientes mayores define el espesor de la sección soportante del muro. 5. The wall according to claim 4, CHARACTERIZED because the height of the major projections defines the thickness of the supporting section of the wall.
6. El muro de acuerdo a cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 4, CARACTERIZADO porque los salientes presentan una base rectangular, preferentemente cuadrada, y se va ahusando hacia su parte superior, terminando en una sección preferentemente cuadrada en su parte superior, de menor área que la base respectiva. 6. The wall according to any of claims 3 to 4, CHARACTERIZED because the projections have a rectangular base, preferably square, and tapering towards its upper part, ending in a preferably square section in its upper part, of smaller area than the respective base.
7. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 6, CARACTERIZADO porque los salientes mayores se distribuyen en líneas verticales y horizontales, separados entre sí, sin ser adyacentes entre ellos.  7. The wall according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED because the major projections are distributed in vertical and horizontal lines, separated from each other, without being adjacent to each other.
8. El muro de acuerdo a cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 7, CARACTERIZADO porque la placa comprende salientes mayores en posiciones que calzan con las posiciones en las que se ubican pernos o pasadores de sistemas de moldes convencionales.  8. The wall according to any of claims 6 to 7, CHARACTERIZED because the plate comprises larger projections in positions that fit the positions in which bolts or pins of conventional mold systems are located.
9. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la placa aislante es preferentemente rectangular.  9. The wall according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED because the insulating plate is preferably rectangular.
10. El muro de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la placa aislante está fabricada preferentemente de poli-estireno expandido o poli-uretano expandido.  10. The wall according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the insulating plate is preferably made of expanded polystyrene or expanded polyurethane.
1 1 . Procedimiento de fabricación de un muro estructural de hormigón armado para envolvente de edificación hasta cinco pisos con aislación térmica, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende los pasos de:  eleven . Manufacturing procedure of a reinforced concrete structural wall for building envelope up to five floors with thermal insulation, CHARACTERIZED because it comprises the steps of:
a. Proveer una placa de material aislante térmico, cuya cara interna comprende una pluralidad de protuberancias o salientes, b. Colocar dicha placa junto a una malla de refuerzo central, que comprende una pluralidad de barras verticales y horizontales espaciadas de manera uniforme de modo que los salientes de la placa de material aislante calzan con las aperturas entre ellas, c. Colocar los moldes por ambos lados del conjunto formado por la malla de refuerzo y la placa de material aislante, dejando el molde exterior en contacto con la cara lisa de la placa y el interior en contacto con los salientes mayores de la misma, to. Provide a plate of thermal insulating material, whose inner face comprises a plurality of protrusions or projections, b. Placing said plate next to a central reinforcement mesh, comprising a plurality of vertical and horizontal bars evenly spaced so that the protrusions of the insulating material plate fit the openings between them, c. Place the molds on both sides of the assembly formed by the reinforcement mesh and the insulating material plate, leaving the outer mold in contact with the smooth face of the plate and the interior in contact with the larger projections thereof,
d. Fijar ambos moldes entre sí, perforando con sus pernos o pasadores la placa de material aislante;  d. Fix both molds to each other, piercing the insulating material plate with its bolts or pins;
e. Realizar el proceso de hormigonado; y  and. Perform the concreting process; Y
f. Retirar los moldes.  F. Remove the molds.
12. El procedimiento de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 1 , CARACTERIZADO comprende el paso de instalar en la fundación o apoyo del muro una pluralidad de barras de anclaje que sobresalen en la proyección del muro. 12. The method according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED comprises the step of installing in the foundation or support of the wall a plurality of anchor bars that protrude in the projection of the wall.
13. El procedimiento de acuerdo a la reivindicación 1 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la malla se apoya en la fundación o apoyo del muro y se fija a las barras de anclaje (8) utilizando preferentemente alambre recocido. 13. The method according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the mesh is supported by the foundation or support of the wall and is fixed to the anchor rods (8) preferably using annealed wire.
14. El procedimiento de acuerdo a la reivindicación 13, CARACTERIZADO porque la placa se apoya en la fundación o apoyo del muro para asegurar que la posición relativa de la malla, placa y moldes sea correcta.  14. The method according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED in that the plate is supported by the foundation or support of the wall to ensure that the relative position of the mesh, plate and molds is correct.
15. El procedimiento de acuerdo a la reivindicación 13, CARACTERIZADO porque la instalación de los moldes puede ser ejecutada simultáneamente a la colocación de las placas. 15. The method according to claim 13, CHARACTERIZED because the installation of the molds can be executed simultaneously with the placement of the plates.
PCT/CL2015/050037 2015-08-31 2015-08-31 Structural wall made of reinforced concrete with thermal insulation and associated production method WO2017035674A1 (en)

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CN107143055A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-08 鞠明发 Lattice concrete bearing, insulation and decoration integrated wall and manufacture method
CN109610680A (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-04-12 啄木鸟漆业集团有限公司 The wall construction method of built-in heat insulation plate
CN112160449A (en) * 2020-10-11 2021-01-01 西南科技大学 Assembly type composite wall structure and assembly method thereof
US20220112712A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-14 Isaac Walker Construction Block

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107143055A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-09-08 鞠明发 Lattice concrete bearing, insulation and decoration integrated wall and manufacture method
CN109610680A (en) * 2018-11-09 2019-04-12 啄木鸟漆业集团有限公司 The wall construction method of built-in heat insulation plate
CN112160449A (en) * 2020-10-11 2021-01-01 西南科技大学 Assembly type composite wall structure and assembly method thereof
US20220112712A1 (en) * 2020-10-14 2022-04-14 Isaac Walker Construction Block
US11718985B2 (en) * 2020-10-14 2023-08-08 Isaac Walker Construction block

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