WO2017012740A1 - Composant de la technique énergétique, en particulier tube commutateur à vide - Google Patents

Composant de la technique énergétique, en particulier tube commutateur à vide Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017012740A1
WO2017012740A1 PCT/EP2016/061393 EP2016061393W WO2017012740A1 WO 2017012740 A1 WO2017012740 A1 WO 2017012740A1 EP 2016061393 W EP2016061393 W EP 2016061393W WO 2017012740 A1 WO2017012740 A1 WO 2017012740A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
value
resistance
electrical
ceramic
component according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/061393
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Werner Hartmann
Steffen Lang
Bernd Trautmann
Norbert Wenzel
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to DE112016003260.9T priority Critical patent/DE112016003260A5/de
Publication of WO2017012740A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017012740A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
    • H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
    • H01H33/66261—Specific screen details, e.g. mounting, materials, multiple screens or specific electrical field considerations
    • H01H2033/66292—Details relating to the use of multiple screens in vacuum switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a component according to the preamble of the main claim and a corresponding use according to the independent claim.
  • a withstand voltage is conventionally characterized riding provided loading that particular ⁇ rich in the upper Mittelwoodsbe and, for example vacuum interrupters with multiple ceramics are used as insulators in high voltage region, the length of which is dimensioned by empirical design such that the interrupter fulfilled as a whole all the requirements placed on them.
  • the ceramics consist of highly insulating ceramic materials, such as aluminum oxide.
  • EP 1290707 Bl discloses a vacuum switching tube with egg ⁇ nem housing which surrounds two as an axial magnetic field contacts Sprint ⁇ finished contact pieces, and having a first Ceramic insulator and an axially arranged second ceramic insulator same diameter, wherein each ceramic insulator surrounds a power supply pin and the two ceramic insulators with each other at the front end via a trained as a switching chamber, interposed metal part vacuum-tight together, wherein the first and the second ceramic insulator each have a further, similar ceramic insulator is associated axially and immediately adjacent.
  • the DE 10 2010 005466 B3 discloses a vacuum switch tube having a housing, which has two sym with respect to a center plane ⁇ metric arranged and formed
  • each of the two insulating material housing comprises a plurality Isolierstoffgepusemaschine, and wherein between each adjacent
  • Isolierstoffgeophuse tone and Isolierstoffgeophuseteil and each other adjacent housing parts are arranged inside the vacuum interrupter extending screen elements are formed with improved dielectric properties at the same time material-saving design, it is proposed that geometric dimensions of the screen elements in response to an applied voltage and a possible between adjacent shields critical field - strength are determined.
  • the dielectric strength of electrical components in particular the medium and high voltage engineering, in particular of vacuum interrupters, which are referred to in English as "vacuum interrupter” and used in particular as a medium and high voltage switch, with minimum size and minimum Heinrichskos ⁇ in the Compared to the prior art, oversizing of components should be avoided.
  • an electro-technical compo ⁇ nent in particular the medium and high voltage technology, in particular a vacuum interrupter for medium and high voltage ⁇ tion switch proposed, which have at least one ceramic for electrical insulation, on at least one surface of a conductive layer for embossing Minim ⁇ least a spatial surface resistance profile is formed, wherein a local value of the electric sheet resistance at a position of the conductive means
  • Layer formed resistance pad of the ceramic in response to each of a local maximum value of an electric field strength of a caused as a result of an electric field generated during operation of the component at the position caused dielectric load on the ceramic is created.
  • an electro ⁇ technical component in particular the medium and / or high voltage technology, in particular a vacuum interrupter for medium and high voltage switch is proposed, which has at least one ceramic for electrical insulation, on at least one surface of a conductive layer designed to impress at least one spatial surface resistance profile, for electrical insulation of electrical voltages, in particular of medium and / or high voltages, in particular in the range of about 24 KV to 52 KV.
  • the electrical sheet resistance can be created with a relatively large constant value along a lower region of a relatively small electric field strength, wherein the electrical area Chen chenwiderstand along a central region of a relatively average field strength non-linear, in particular exponential maraf ⁇ fen may be maraf ⁇ fen down to a relatively small value and may be created along an upper range of a relatively large electric field strength constant at the relatively small value.
  • Varistor characteristics of a flatter curve of the dynamic electrical resistance as a function of an electrical voltage can be carried out a simple and exact adaptation over large value ranges of the dynamic electrical resistance and the electrical voltage.
  • particularly advantageous field control properties result, with which a spatial distribution of electric fields can be specifically, simply and accurately influenced and thus controlled.
  • An adaptation can be made simply and accurately to real environments with, for example, distorted electric fields.
  • R Fl 1 / K to be x is created demagnifying to the relatively small value £ 1_A, wherein R Fi of the electrical surface resistance, K is dependent on the geometry of the component constant, E is the Staer ⁇ ke of extending along a ceramic electric field and a is an exponent.
  • the exponent a can have a value between about 4 and about 6, in particular between about 4 and about 5.
  • the relatively large constant value of the electrical surface resistance a value between about 10-LO and 10 ⁇ 3 ohms / unit square, in particular between about 1011 and about 1 () 10 ohms / unit square , be.
  • a unit square may be defined, for example, in that an externally considered unit cuboid of the resistive coating on the surface of the resistive pad forms a unit square whose sides are oriented in the direction or perpendicular to the direction of field lines of a relevant electric field. Accordingly Ver ⁇ enlargement of the perpendicular sides is compensated for the effect by the increase of the parallel sides, that the surfaces ⁇ ohms per square resistance it remains the same.
  • a sheet resistance in ohms per unit square in a homogeneous conductive layer is always constant regardless of the size of the unit square. According to this spe ⁇ -specific sheet resistance only has the unit ohm per ⁇ A uniform square or ohms per square. Further information on the provision of a resistance lining can be found in the patent application DE 10 2014 213944.9.
  • the relatively small constant value of the electrical surface resistance is a value between about 10 ⁇ and 10 ⁇ ohms / unit square, in particular between about 2x10 ⁇ and
  • the value of the electrical sheet resistance of the resistance layer can be adjusted proportionally to a length of the ceramic at a constant specific conductivity of the resistance lining. That is, it can be used consistent Kerami ⁇ ken, with only the lengths of the ceramics can be varied at a constant specific conductivity of the resistance layer. According to a further advantageous embodiment, the
  • the respective ceramic are each exactly adapted to the dielectric Belas ⁇ tion, so that overdimensions can be avoided in a simple manner.
  • Value of the electrical sheet resistance of Marysbe ⁇ lags be set alternatively or cumulatively by means of the conductivity of the resistive pad.
  • the conductivity of the ceramic coating can be chosen differently for the different ceramics.
  • the length of the ceramics can be kept constant.
  • electrical components in particular vacuum interrupters, for example, for the high voltage range, particularly compact and be built ⁇ safe to drive, in addition to the cost of the component as system costs, such as a
  • High voltage switching device or a high voltage ⁇ voltage switchgear can be minimized.
  • the value of the electrical sheet resistance of the resistance layer can be adjustable by means of the thickness of the resistance lining.
  • a plurality, in particular> 2 may be electrically interconnected by discrete hollow cylindrical ceramics and the respective value of the electrical resistance of the formed by the conductive film resistor covering the each ⁇ zen ceramic be adapted to the respective acting field strength.
  • the plurality of hollow cylindrical ceramics may be electrically interconnected in series and outer ceramics of the series may have a smaller value of the electrical resistance of the resist ⁇ coating in relation to inner ceramics of the series. It is advantageous if the resistance ⁇ coating of the individual ceramics is created varies such that a potential distribution over the length of a tube can be selectively controlled by a resistance coating on the terminal ceramics, which are generally the most electrically loaded, is lowest and increased in the intermediate ceramics. Particularly advantageous is the use of the electrical component as a vacuum interrupter, in particular with four or more ceramic insulators, as well as tubes in the upper medium voltage range, that is, typically 24KV to 52KV rated voltage.
  • Figure 2 is a representation of the embodiment of the electrical component according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of an inventive
  • Figure 1 shows an embodiment of an inventive electro-technical component 1.
  • Figure 1 shows in the form of a schematic diagram of the embodiment of a switching device 1 according to the invention, which is here a vacuum interrupter.
  • A here from two tubular ceramic parts, ie insulators 2, composite housing 3 is completed by metal caps 4 and defines a switching chamber 5, in which two trained example as a bolt conductor elements 6 are guided with contacts 7.
  • the lower in Figure 1 of the conductor elements 6 is designed according to the arrow 8 and the direction of movement ⁇ movement direction 9 shown movable and can be along an axis 10 of the conductor elements 6, which also forms the symmetry axis of the switching device 1, to the contacts 7 in contact to bring or to space, in the present case an open state of the switching device 1 is shown.
  • shield member 12 also provides a distortion of the electric field, would so that in a region 13 are present behind the screen elements a lower electric field in the Be ⁇ shoot, than in the regions 14 where can accumulate charges examples of play and thus for can provide more field distortions that could challenge the operability of the switching device 1 in question.
  • the outside of the insulator 2 and thus of the housing 3 in the region of the insulator 2 with a
  • resistive coating 15 which covers the entire outer surface of the insulator 2 and on both sides of the switching device 1 conductively contacted the caps 4, for example by means of a solder joint or the like.
  • resistive but conductive coating 15 a conductive connection between the conductor elements 6 is given, so that although a small fault current is produced, but due to a high resistance of the coating 15 is not essential, but contributes to the field equalization and removal of surface charges. That is, a local value of the sheet electrical resistance at a position of the means of the coating or the conductive layer 15 of the resistive ceramic layer is here at each of a local maximum value of an electric field strength of an electric field generated during operation of the component at the position targeted dielectric loading of the ceramic.
  • Figure 2 shows a representation of the embodiment of an inventive electro-technical component according to FIG.
  • FIG. 2 shows which local electrical area resistance RF ] _ as a function of the electrical current acting there Field strength should be selected and created.
  • the high-value axis shows a respective electrical surface resistance RF ] _ with the unit ohms per unit square.
  • the inventively advantageous before ⁇ beaten shape of the resistance-field strength characteristic of the coating or conductive layer 15 has in the double logarithmic representation shown in Figure 2, a Z-shape.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 2 shows a linear representation of exponents.
  • the graph shows the resistivity in ohms per unit square of a nonlinear conductive layer 15 as a function of field strength at a constant layer thickness. For field strengths less than about 10V / mm to 50V / mm specific sheet resistances in the range of l are oio
  • Ohms / unit square to 1013 ohms / unit square favorably, particularly advantageous are resistors in the range of 10 ⁇ ohms / unit square to 10 ⁇ -2 ohms / unit square. In this area, the sheet resistance is largely independent of the field strength.
  • Varistor characteristics the characteristics of the layers claimed here are therefore much flatter than in conventional varistor characteristics, so that surprisingly particularly advantageous field control properties are provided. be presented.
  • a generated resistance is thus adapted to the ever ⁇ stays awhile dielectric strength and is not too large in this way. It can be controlled large continuous operating voltages.
  • the high field ⁇ strengthen> resistance limit 2000V / mm asymptotically reached is advantageously in the range 10 ⁇ to 10 ⁇
  • Ohms / unit square preferably in the range (2-6) X 10 ⁇ ohms / unit square.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a use according to the invention.
  • the use Ve is carried out for an electrical component, in particular the medium and / or high voltage ⁇ tion technique, in particular for a vacuum interrupter for medium and / or high voltage switch, which have at least one ceramic for electrical insulation, on at least one surface conductive layer is formed for impressing at least one spatial surface resistance profile, for electrical insulation of electrical voltages, in particular of medium and / or high voltages, in particular in the range of approximately 24 KV to 52 KV.
  • an electrical component in particular the medium and / or high voltage ⁇ tion technique, in particular for a vacuum interrupter for medium and / or high voltage switch, which have at least one ceramic for electrical insulation, on at least one surface conductive layer is formed for impressing at least one spatial surface resistance profile, for electrical insulation of electrical voltages, in particular of medium and / or high voltages, in particular in the range of approximately 24 KV to 52 KV.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un composant électrotechnique, en particulier de la technique des moyennes et/ou hautes tensions, en particulier un tube commutateur à vide pour un interrupteur de moyenne et haute tension, qui comprend pour l'isolation électrique au moins une céramique sur laquelle, sur au moins une surface, est formée une couche conductrice pour appliquer au moins le tracé tridimensionnel d'une résistance surfacique, une valeur locale de la résistance surfacique électrique à une position d'un revêtement résistif de la céramique formé au moyen de la couche conductrice (15) étant obtenue en fonction respectivement d'une valeur maximale locale d'une intensité de champ électrique d'une charge diélectrique de la céramique provoquée suite à un champ électrique produit par un fonctionnement du composant à la position. Figure 2
PCT/EP2016/061393 2015-07-21 2016-05-20 Composant de la technique énergétique, en particulier tube commutateur à vide WO2017012740A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112016003260.9T DE112016003260A5 (de) 2015-07-21 2016-05-20 Energietechnische komponente, insbesondere vakuumschaltröhre

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015213738.4A DE102015213738A1 (de) 2015-07-21 2015-07-21 Energietechnische Komponente, insbesondere Vakuumschaltröhre
DE102015213738.4 2015-07-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2017012740A1 true WO2017012740A1 (fr) 2017-01-26

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ID=56092891

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/061393 WO2017012740A1 (fr) 2015-07-21 2016-05-20 Composant de la technique énergétique, en particulier tube commutateur à vide

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DE (2) DE102015213738A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017012740A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017167501A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant haute tension et dispositif doté d'un composant haute tension

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019211345A1 (de) * 2019-07-30 2021-02-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Unterbrechereinheit mit einer Vakuumröhre und einem Isoliergehäuse

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002097839A1 (fr) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Abb Patent Gmbh Commande d'au moins un trajet de commutation a vide
JP2004265801A (ja) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-24 Japan Ae Power Systems Corp 真空バルブ
JP2010073459A (ja) * 2008-09-18 2010-04-02 Toshiba Corp 真空バルブ
WO2016008729A1 (fr) * 2014-07-17 2016-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commutation électrique pour applications moyenne et/ou haute tension

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10029763B4 (de) 2000-06-16 2009-01-15 Siemens Ag Vakuumschaltröhre
JP4159938B2 (ja) * 2003-07-25 2008-10-01 株式会社東芝 モールド電気機器およびそのモールド方法
DE102010005466B3 (de) 2010-01-20 2011-05-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Vakuumschaltröhre

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002097839A1 (fr) * 2001-05-30 2002-12-05 Abb Patent Gmbh Commande d'au moins un trajet de commutation a vide
JP2004265801A (ja) * 2003-03-04 2004-09-24 Japan Ae Power Systems Corp 真空バルブ
JP2010073459A (ja) * 2008-09-18 2010-04-02 Toshiba Corp 真空バルブ
WO2016008729A1 (fr) * 2014-07-17 2016-01-21 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Dispositif de commutation électrique pour applications moyenne et/ou haute tension

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2017167501A1 (fr) * 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Composant haute tension et dispositif doté d'un composant haute tension

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Publication number Publication date
DE102015213738A1 (de) 2017-01-26
DE112016003260A5 (de) 2018-04-26

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