WO2017012375A1

WO2017012375A1 - Pine needle organic fertilizer, preparation method therefor and use thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2017012375A1
Application number: PCT/CN2016/078641
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈纪文; 陈智海; 唐林; 余建文
Original assignee: 惠州市神龙松材线虫病综合治理有限公司
Priority date: 2015-07-22
Filing date: 2016-04-07
Publication date: 2017-01-26
Also published as: CN105315092A; CN105315092B

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer, a preparation method therefor and a use thereof. A pine needle organic fertilizer is emulsifiable concentrate or water-soluble organic fertilizer or granular fertilizer which contains an organic solvent extract of pine needles as an effective component. The fertilizer is applied before fruit trees flower, the quality in the flowering stage and the quality of fruits can be improved, the dried matter content is increased, the sugar content is increased, and early maturing and late harvesting are promoted. The fertilizer can be used for treating citrus tristeza viruses. The fertilizer is used for reducing the root-rot disease and defoliator pest in the seedling stage of vegetables. The fertilizer is used before tea sprouting, the number of sprouts is increased, tender shoots and tender leaves become thicker, and the yield and the quality of the tea leaves are remarkably improved.

Description

Pine needle organic fertilizer and preparation method and use thereof

Technical field

The present invention relates to an organic fertilizer, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof.

Background technique

On March 4, 2015, news reports from the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference said that China's cultivated land area only accounts for less than 8% of the world's cultivated land area, but the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides accounts for one-third of the world's total.

On February 23, 2010, an internationally renowned journal, Science, published an article stating that due to excessive use of chemical fertilizers in China over the past 30 years, fertilizers are acidifying China's soil. China has been struggling to feed one-fifth of the world's population with 7% of the world's cultivated land. An article published in Science states that the pH of soil is critical to plant growth. Most crops thrive in neutral, ie, a pH equal to 7 or slightly acidic soil. Moreover, the pH of the soil decreases, the diseases and pests caused by it will hinder the growth of plants, and the strong acid environment will accelerate the filtration of toxic metals to the surrounding water. (China's ecological environment is critical, Jiang Gaoming. Hainan Publishing House, May 2011). Therefore, reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer, increasing soil organic fertilizer, and neutralizing the acidity of the soil are national strategies that are related to the sustainable development of China's economy and society.

There are about 500 million mu of pine forest resources in China, and pine needles are rich in nutrient pools. Take the Pinus massoniana widely distributed in the 13 provinces of the South as an example, cellulose, lignin, plant enzymes, growth hormone, starch, tannin, protein, volatile oil (including 68 components), and various water-soluble flavonoids ( Contains proanthocyanidins, resins, sugars, etc. Pine needles contain carotenoids (including beta carotene), vitamin C, vitamin E, chlorophyll, protein-vitamin mixture, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin H, vitamin K, various amino acids, crude fat, inorganic phosphorus, calcium Iron, manganese, zinc, magnesium, copper, selenium, etc. These are all nutrients. Pine needles contain unsaturated fatty acids, polyisoprene and mixtures thereof, sterols, pigments, rutin, folic acid, catechins, various enzymes, glycerin quinine, rosin acid, shikimic acid and other ingredients.

This list allows us to see a nutrient library (the pine needle health revolution, Dong look at the editor of Shaanxi People's Publishing House in June 2010).

Pine is one of the oldest plants on the planet and has been widely distributed around the world millions of years ago. In the evolutionary history of plants, the rich nutrient pool of pine forest plants follows the principle of purification ecology and forms numerous angiosperms. It is the original gene of colorful and colorful nature. Harmful elements that remain in the soil in the process of economic and social progress, including thousands of synthetic compounds that do not have corresponding decomposition products, can be used as a natural choice to re-use the nutrient pool rich in pine needle resources to purify nature. Is a natural heritage given to human economic and social development process I am perfecting the material foundation.

In China, due to the spread and spread of pine wood nematode disease, in some provinces and cities, it has caused devastating damage to pine forest resources. Pine wood nematode disease has become the most serious biological disaster in China's history. According to preliminary research, usually a pine tree with a diameter of about 15 cm, the average annual pine needle regeneration is about 1 - 2 kg, and the organic fertilizer of the nutrient pool is extracted with one kilogram of fresh pine needles. The gross profit is about 10 yuan. That is to say, in the pine wood nematode occurrence area, it is only necessary to use six pine needles with a diameter of 15 cm per acre to extract the gross profit of the organic fertilizer per acre, which can be used for comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease for one year. It is only necessary to use 18 pine cones with a diameter of 15 cm to extract the gross profit of organic fertilizer, which can be used for comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease for three consecutive years, and control the incidence of dead wood of pine wood nematode to less than one ten thousandth. Funding for the target. After that, we will implement sustainable control. The annual gross profit of extracting organic fertilizer from two pine needles with a diameter of 15 cm per acre can achieve long-term control of the incidence of dead wood in pine wood nematode, which is less than one ten thousandth. Disaster, non-proliferation, does not affect the quality of the forest landscape until the completion of the second succession, or the cultivation of pine forest until the process matures into a commodity. Therefore, the use of pine needle resources to industrialize to solve the problem of comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease is a major strategy, big project, and big project to change the concept of prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease in the era of innovation and development.

Insufficient funding is an eternal topic in the comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease for nearly three decades. Using pine needles to extract the whole nutrient organic fertilizer production method and the extensive application technology research success, may wish to change the way of thinking, first occupy the pine forest resources and develop pine needle resources, and then use industrial profits to protect resources, the comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease into emerging In the area of resource protection of the industry, the funds for the comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease have been changed from the public investment category of the government to the cost sharing of emerging industries. This has not only solved the funding problem, but also brought the comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease to the market and solved the problem of prevention and control with economic means. It may be the fundamental way out for the comprehensive prevention and control of pine wood nematode disease.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to utilize the nutrient pool in the coniferous leaves of the abundant renewable resources of China to extract pure natural and original organic fertilizer for the growth of plants, to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and to increase the organic matter of the soil. Provide technical support and material basis for the sustainable development of agriculture.

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

A pine needle organic fertilizer is an organic solvent extract of pine needles as an active ingredient, and is made into an emulsifiable concentrate or a water-soluble organic fertilizer or a granular fertilizer.

Further, the granular fertilizer is obtained by adding an organic solvent extract of pine needles to the extract and adding the peat. Granular fertilizer. It may also be a granular fertilizer prepared by adding an organic solvent extract of pine needles to the extract, and adding the biogas residue after the fiber extracted by the pine needle organic solvent is fermented by the biogas tank. In the granular fertilizer, the weight of the pine needle extract accounts for 5 to 15% of the total weight of the granular fertilizer.

The preparation method of the above granular fertilizer prepared by adding biogas residue is:

Step (1), extracting pine needles by organic solvent extraction, and extracting the extract into an extract;

Step (2), after the step 1 is extracted, the remaining fiber is fermented as a biogas fermentation raw material, and the generated biogas residue is dried for use;

Step (3), mixing the dried biogas residue obtained in the second step with the extract obtained in the first step at a mass ratio of 6 to 10:1 to prepare a granular fertilizer.

Further, in step 2, the biogas produced by the fermentation of the remaining fiber biogas after the extraction of the organic solvent of the pine needles is used to dry the biogas residue.

The invention not only produces waste water, waste gas and waste in the process of producing pine needles and organic fertilizers, but is a truly sustainable green chemical industry. All the washing water in the production process can be used directly as fertilizer. The use of ethanol extraction extract does not produce waste gas, all pine needle fibers are good biogas fermentation raw materials, and biogas fermentation technology is one of the indispensable industries for the adjustment of agricultural industry structure to achieve material circulation, and the biogas residue is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. In addition to potassium and a large number of elements, it also contains trace elements such as boron, copper, iron, manganese and zinc which play an important role in crop growth. Therefore, particles obtained by adding biogas from biogas fermentation after the extraction of pine needles are added. Fertilizer can be called a pine needle full nutrient organic fertilizer.

The above-mentioned pine needle organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer before the flowering of the fruit tree, and is used for improving the quality of the flowering period, improving the quality of the fruit, increasing the dry matter content, increasing the sugar content, and promoting the use of early maturing and late harvesting.

The above pine needle organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for the treatment of citrus Huanglongbing.

The above-mentioned pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer in the vegetable seedling stage, and is used for reducing the occurrence of root rot and leaf-feeding pests.

The above-mentioned pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer, and the tea is applied before germination, and is used for increasing the amount of buds, thickening the buds, thickening the young leaves, and significantly increasing the yield and quality of the tea.

detailed description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, which are merely preferred embodiments of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example 1

A pine needle organic fertilizer is an organic solvent extract of pine needles as an active ingredient, and is made into an emulsifiable concentrate or a water-soluble organic fertilizer or a granular fertilizer. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, the fresh and old pine needles are removed, the yellow needles are removed, the indoor ventilation place is air-dried by a sieve, and the package is stored in a dry, cool and ventilated warehouse for use, and the air-dried pine needles are crushed through 20‐ The 60-mesh sieve is used to extract the organic matter with a concentration of 85-90% ethanol, to obtain an extract, and to prepare an organic fertilizer by using one of the following three methods:

Method 1. The obtained extract was leached with 85% ethanol to prepare an emulsifiable concentrate having a concentration of 29%. The specific preparation method of this dosage form of emulsifiable concentrate is common knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

Method 2: The obtained extract is added with water to prepare a water solvent having a concentration of 2%, and the preservative is added and stored at room temperature to prepare a water-soluble organic fertilizer.

Method 3: The obtained extract and pine needle powder are mixed by biogas fermentation and drying to prepare a granular fertilizer with a mass content of 10% of the extract. The specific method is as follows: the remaining fiber after the extraction of the pine needle organic solvent is used as a biogas fermentation raw material for fermentation. The produced biogas residue is dried with biogas, and the dried biogas residue and the extract are mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1 to prepare a granular fertilizer. Biogas fermentation technology is common knowledge in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

Method 4: mixing the obtained extract with the dried peat to prepare a granular fertilizer having a 10% mass content of the extract. Among them, peat is a product of the formation of marshes and one of the characteristics of marsh terrain. The main source of peat is Peat Moss or Sphagnum, but other organic substances such as dead swamp plants and even animal and insect corpses may become sources of peat formation. These substances deposit on the bottom of the swamp after death and cannot be completely spoiled and decomposed due to the moist and acidic environment, thus forming a so-called peat layer.

The 2% aqueous solvent prepared by the method 2 of the embodiment of the present invention, the extract prepared by the method 3 is 10% of the biogas residue granules, and the peat granules prepared by the method 4 having the extract content of 10% are fertilized as described below. test.

Test one

In the second quarter of February 2014, in the Loujiao Village, Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, 12 plants of the nectar-type longan with normal growth of about 60 years were selected. In the canopy projection, the first to third plants were treated with 2% water solvent per plant. 20 kg of pine needle organic fertilizer, 4-6 strains of each extract is 10% of biogas residue granules, and 7th-9 strains of each extract are 10% of peat granules 2 kg, 10‐ Twelve strains were treated as blank control. In late July of that year, the longan pulp of No. 1-9 was transformed from nectar-type to sandy honey, and the sugar content increased significantly, and the longan fruit matured from 3 to 5 days after maturity. Sugar, become After 15-20 days of maturity, the sugar content remained unchanged. The 10-12th control group was still a nectar-type fruit, and it was significantly reduced after 3-5 days of maturity. It can be seen that pine needle organic fertilizer can be significantly improved. The quality and sugar content of the annual longan fruit significantly prolongs the sugar holding time of the longan after ripening, creating better economic benefits for the operators.

In February 2015, the pine needle organic fertilizer was continuously applied according to the fertilization method in February 2014. By July 13th, the quality of the sand honey of longan fruit was better than that of 2014.

The above test method has also been applied to tree grapes and yellow skin, which can also improve the quality of fruits, increase the dry matter content, increase the sugar content, and promote the effect of early maturing and late harvest.

Test 2

In the first half of February 2015, the 2% pine needle water solvent prepared by the method 2, the biogas residue granules prepared by the method 3, the 10% excipient granules prepared in the method 4, and the peat granules prepared in the fourth method in Guangxi In the 12-year-old tea garden in Sanjiang Town, Sanjiang County, there are five test areas, each with an area of about 1 mu. The first and second test areas are respectively applied with 2% pine needle water solvent fertilizer 50 kg and 100 kg. In the third test area, 20 kg of biogas residue granules per mu of extracting agent is 10%, and 20 kg of biogas granules containing 10% of extracting extract per acre in the fourth test area. The fifth test area is In the blank control area, from late March to early April of that year, the tea trees in the first to fourth test areas were significantly higher than the tea trees in the fifth blank control area, the tea buds became thicker, the leaflets became thicker, and the yield increased.

Trial three

During the period from April to June 2015, four test areas were set up in the Liuxihe Forest Farm in Conghua City. Each test area was larger than 2 mu. The first test area was treated with pine needle water solvent organic fertilizer, using diligent application and thin application. The method of planting beans, cabbage, pumpkin, cucumber, lettuce, etc. in the method of planting beans, cabbage, pumpkin, cucumber, lettuce, etc. in the second test area, applying 10% of the biogas residue granules with dip content, using diligence, Thin application (dosage of 1 kg / mu), planting beans, cabbage, pumpkin, cucumber, lettuce and other varieties, the third test area to apply 10% of peat granules, using diligent application, thin application ( The dosage is 1 kg/mu), and the varieties such as beans, cabbage, pumpkin, cucumber and lettuce are planted. The fourth test area is a blank control area, and the same variety is planted. Results The test vegetables in the first, second and third test areas were vigorously growing. The root rot was not observed in the rainy season, and the leaf-eating pests (such as the flea) were significantly reduced, while the pests in the control plots increased significantly. Obvious deviation.

Test four

In May-June 2015, in the Loujiao Village, Liangjing Town, Huiyang District, Huizhou City, 20 trees of 4 years old sand sugar orange dragon disease were carried out. Test, test method is:

Plant No. 1‐5 is applied with 2% pine needle water solvent organic fertilizer once a month, each plant applying 5 kg each time;

Plant No. 6‐10 is applied with 10% pine needle extract biogas residue granule organic fertilizer once a month, and each plant applies 1 kg each time;

Plant No. 11‐15 is applied with 10% pine needle extract peat granule organic fertilizer once a month, each plant applies 1 kg each time;

Tree No. 15-20 is a blank control.

The results showed that the new shoot Huanglong disease, which was extracted from the disease tree No. 1-15 in late June, was reduced by about 90%, and the effect was good. In the control group No. 15-20, Huanglong disease had obvious symptoms of new shoots.

It should be noted that the application of the pine needle organic fertilizer of the present invention is mainly based on pre-flowering fertilizer and pre-emergence fertilizer, and vegetables are mainly applied by thin application, and soil application is dominant, and the effect of spraying on the foliar surface is poor.

Claims

The utility model relates to a pine needle organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that: an organic solvent extract of pine needles and leaves is used as an active ingredient to prepare an emulsifiable concentrate or a water-soluble organic fertilizer or a granular fertilizer.
The pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the granular fertilizer is obtained by adding an organic solvent extract of pine needles to the extract, and adding the granular fertilizer made of peat.
The pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the granular fertilizer is concentrated into an extract after the organic solvent extract of the pine needles, and the remaining fibers are extracted by the organic solvent of the pine needles and passed through the biogas pool. Fermented biogas slag, made of granular fertilizer.
A method for preparing a pine needle organic fertilizer according to claim 3, characterized in that:

Step 1: extracting pine needles by organic solvent extraction, and extracting the extract into an extract;

Step 2: After the step 1 is extracted, the remaining fiber is fermented as a biogas fermentation raw material, and the generated biogas residue is dried for use;

Step 3: mixing the dried biogas residue obtained in the second step with the extract obtained in the first step at a mass ratio of 7 to 10:1 to prepare a granular fertilizer.
The method for preparing a pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein in the second step, the biogas produced by the fiber biogas fermentation after the extraction of the pine needles organic solvent is used to dry the biogas residue.
The use of the pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, as a base fertilizer, it is applied before flowering of the fruit tree, for improving flower quality, improving fruit quality, increasing dry matter content, and increasing sugar content. The amount that promotes the use of early maturing and late harvest.
The use of the pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is characterized in that it is used as a base fertilizer for the treatment of citrus Huanglongbing.
The use of the pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is used as a base fertilizer in a vegetable seedling stage for reducing the occurrence of root rot and leaf-feeding pests.
The use of the pine needle-leaf organic fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that as the base fertilizer, the tea is applied before germination to increase the amount of buds, to thicken the buds, to thicken the young leaves, and to significantly increase the yield of the tea leaves. And the use of quality.