WO2017012224A1 - 一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置及其应用 - Google Patents

一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017012224A1
WO2017012224A1 PCT/CN2015/094771 CN2015094771W WO2017012224A1 WO 2017012224 A1 WO2017012224 A1 WO 2017012224A1 CN 2015094771 W CN2015094771 W CN 2015094771W WO 2017012224 A1 WO2017012224 A1 WO 2017012224A1
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paint mist
paint
air
filter
dry
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PCT/CN2015/094771
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English (en)
French (fr)
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周小参
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周小参
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours

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  • the invention relates to the field of industrial coating, in particular to the field of coating paint mist separation and collection, in particular to a dry venturi paint mist trapping device and application thereof, which are widely used in automobile, hardware, home appliances, toys, etc. Installed.
  • the traditional coating exhaust gas separation technology is mainly divided into dry type and wet type.
  • the traditional dry painting system mainly adopts the form of paint mist adsorption felt. As shown in Fig. 1, it is a pure filtration technology, which is easy to cause partial saturation and blockage of the filter material, and has limited ability to capture and accommodate paint particles. Frequent replacement of the paint mist adsorption felt is required. Frequent replacement of the filter felt requires production stoppage, which not only increases the consumption of filter materials and labor, but also occupies a large amount of production time. The production cost of the enterprise is high and the solid waste is large. Secondly, the separation effect of the paint on the paint mist is also very limited.
  • the separated air still contains a certain amount of paint mist, which not only can not meet the quality requirements of air circulation use, but also has a large fire safety hazard. Therefore, the traditional dry technology can only be applied in small batch and intermittent spraying operations, and it is difficult to use in industrial production with large batches of continuous production.
  • the traditional wet venturi or wet curtain cabinet technology can achieve continuous separation of paint mist, which can meet the needs of large-scale continuous operation, but this technology will generate a large amount of waste gas, waste water and waste liquid, which requires a lot of fresh consumption. Constant temperature and humidity air, high energy consumption.
  • the production line of some wet water washing technology adopts the technology of circulating wind, the consumption of fresh air and the amount of exhaust gas are reduced, but after the venturi is washed, the air humidity is high and the temperature is low, firstly, dehumidification is required. Then, after heating, the energy consumption of dehumidification and heating is also high, and this circulating wind technology also needs to consume a large amount of energy.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a dry venturi paint mist trapping device which is strong in paint mist collection and absorption ability and simple and efficient in order to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art described above.
  • the second object of the present invention is to provide a dry painting system with the above-mentioned dry venturi paint mist collecting device, which overcomes the defects of the prior art described above, and has a simple structure, high reliability, energy saving and environmental protection. .
  • a dry venturi paint mist collecting device comprises a device casing, wherein a plurality of rows of paint mist filtering intercepting units are arranged in the casing, and a gap is left between adjacent paint mist filtering intercepting units in the same row, and The voids and the faces of the paint mist filter intercepting units on both sides form a sudden narrowing air flow passage having a venturi structure.
  • the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a filter column having a diamond or square cross section.
  • a gap between the paint mist filter intercepting unit and the adjacent paint mist filter intercepting unit forms a paint mist separation mechanism.
  • a paint mist filter intercepting unit is disposed directly behind the air flow channel
  • the material of the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a fiber material.
  • the material of the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a non-woven material.
  • the density of the paint mist filter intercepting unit arranged in the main flow direction of the air gradually becomes larger.
  • the density of the filter material used by the paint mist filter intercepting unit gradually becomes larger in the main flow direction of the air.
  • a dry painting system comprising the above-mentioned dry venturi paint mist collecting device disposed on the dry painting At the exhaust vent of the system, the paint mist in the air is separated.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • a dry venturi paint mist collecting device in the form of a single unit, and each box can be replaced as needed, and the structure is compact and convenient to replace.
  • a plurality of filtering intercepting structures are arranged inside, and the principle and filtering technology of the venturi are comprehensively utilized, and the paint mist collecting device with the venturi cavity structure is laid out and designed by using the structure of the diamond column or the square column.
  • the filter intercepting unit in the paint mist collecting device works in the form of filtration in the early stage, and filters and intercepts the paint mist in the air. As the use time is extended, the paint particles on the filter intercepting unit gradually increase, and the filter intercepting unit is gradually blocked.
  • the cavity with the venturi structure between the filter intercepting units can accelerate the paint particles in the air and air, and the high-speed paint particles will collide with the filter interception in the rear row under the action of inertial force.
  • the paint particles since the paint particles are viscous, the paint particles that hit the filter intercepting unit will adhere to the filter intercepting unit and be captured. After the captured paint particles accumulate to a certain thickness, they are collected by gravity to the bottom of the trap to avoid clogging of the trap.
  • the experiment proves that the lacquer mist capture system using Venturi technology can greatly improve the capture and containment capacity of the whole system for paint particles. Compared with the traditional technology, the system can increase the capture capacity of paint particles by several times.
  • the layout of the filter intercepting unit between the front and the rear and the left and right distances is gradually reduced, so that different sizes of paint particles can be captured in different parts of the trapping device, so that the entire box forms a three-dimensional paint mist trapping space.
  • the earth has improved the ability to capture and contain paint mist and the separation effect.
  • the experimental data proves that compared with the traditional dry separation technology, the separation effect of the capture system on the paint mist is greatly improved, and the amount of paint mist in the separated air is less than 3 mg/m 3 , which does not have any fire safety. Hidden dangers, and can be recycled.
  • the dry venturi paint mist collecting device perfectly solves the problem of the absorption capacity of the traditional dry paint mist separation technology.
  • the invention greatly reduces the amount of exhaust gas and waste liquid, and does not use water at all.
  • the temperature and humidity of the air are basically unchanged, and the recycling of air can be easily realized.
  • the temperature is greatly reduced and the humidity is greatly increased. If this air is recirculated, dehumidification and heating are required, and a large amount of cooling energy and heating energy are consumed.
  • the dry painting system using the dry venturi paint mist collecting device of the present invention can greatly reduce environmental pollution and energy consumption.
  • the dry venturi paint mist collecting device has a large absorption capacity for paint mist, so that the amount of solid waste can be greatly reduced.
  • the paint mist capture device captures all the paint particles, and the paint particles are evenly distributed throughout the capture system, and the air permeability is good.
  • the main components of paint mist are resins and solvents, which have high combustion values and cardboard is also a combustible substance. Therefore, the replaced paint mist trap box with good ventilation and high combustion value can be used as fuel and turned into waste.
  • a large amount of other incombustible substances are added in the process of separating the paint mist, and it is difficult to remove the waste water by incineration, and it is often used for landfill treatment and pollution. Soil and groundwater. Therefore, this invention has great significance for energy conservation and environmental protection.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing a partial saturation of a conventional paint mist adsorption felt
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the outer structure of a dry venturi paint mist collecting device
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a dry venturi paint mist collecting device for removing a top plate
  • Figure 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a dry venturi paint mist collecting device
  • Figure 5 is a front view of the first row of paint mist filter intercepting unit
  • Figure 6 is a plan view of the first row of paint mist filter intercepting unit
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of ventilation and filtration of an initial state of a paint mist filter intercepting unit
  • Figure 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the capture device in a partially blocked state of the paint mist filter intercepting unit
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing a partial enlarged ventilation of the I portion in a blocked state of the paint mist filter intercepting unit
  • Figure 10 is a schematic structural view of a dry painting system
  • Figure 11 is a process flow diagram of a typical dry painting system.
  • the embodiment provides a dry venturi paint mist collecting device, which comprises a device shell, each box is a separate unit, the external use of cardboard material, the internal layout of multiple rows of paint mist filter intercepting unit, each row of paint
  • the mist filter intercepting units are staggered, and a gap is left between the adjacent paint mist filtering intercepting units, and the gap and the two sides are
  • the face of the paint mist filter intercepting unit forms a suddenly narrowed air flow passage having a venturi structure.
  • the cavity between the paint mist filter intercepting unit and the adjacent paint mist filter intercepting unit forms a paint mist separation mechanism.
  • the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a filter column having a diamond or square cross section, and the longer diagonal lines of the cross section of the filter column in the same row are in the same straight line, and the corresponding arrangement of the air flow passages with rapidly decreasing ventilation areas is arranged directly behind.
  • a paint mist filter intercepting unit is a filter column having a diamond or square cross section, and the longer diagonal lines of the cross section of the filter column in the same row are in the same straight line, and the corresponding arrangement of the air flow passages with rapidly decreasing ventilation areas is arranged directly behind.
  • the dry venturi paint mist collecting device 100 of the present embodiment includes: 10 rows of filter intercepting layers 10, 11, 12 composed of a paint mist filtering intercepting unit. 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, a sheet-like filter layer 90, and an inlet 70 and an outlet 80.
  • the distance between the front and rear rows gradually decreases in the direction along the air main flow.
  • the spacing of the rear 5 rows of filter intercepting units in the same row is reduced compared to the first 5 rows.
  • the material of the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a fiber material.
  • this trap for most types of paint, large particles of paint are filtered and intercepted by the front filter intercepting unit, and small particles of paint particles are filtered by the rear filter intercepting unit.
  • the filter intercepting unit Before the filter intercepting unit is not blocked, the filter intercepting unit operates in a filtered mode; when the local filtering intercepting unit is blocked, the cavity between the two blocked filtering intercepting units forms an air circulation passage having a venturi structure. During the passage of air containing paint particles through the passage of the venturi structure, the paint particles in the air and air are accelerated, and the high speed paint particles collide with the rear filter intercepting unit and adhere to the filter intercepting unit.
  • the structure of the venturi can greatly increase the amount of paint particles captured by the impact of the impact, greatly improving the ability of the entire capture system to capture and capture the paint particles.
  • the inlet 70 is provided on the side and the outlet 80 is provided on the side.
  • the inlet 70 can also be placed on the top surface of the capture device.
  • the setting of the inlet can be arbitrarily set according to the needs of the structure of the painting system, as long as the air containing the paint mist enters from the first row of filter intercepting units, and finally passes through the sheet-like filter layer 90 and then exits from the outlet 80.
  • the filter intercepting layer 10 of the first row includes nine filter intercepting units 10-1.
  • the long diagonal of each filter intercepting unit section is in the same line and coincides with the centerline of the row of filtering intercept layers.
  • the filter interception unit in the initial state has a small wind resistance.
  • all the filter intercepting units operate in a filtered mode, and the air containing the paint particles entering from the air inlet is partially filtered by the filter intercepting unit, and partially flows between the two filter intercepting units.
  • the cavity During the flow of air containing paint particles through the filter intercepting unit, some of the paint particles are captured by the filter fibers. As the use time increases, the amount of paint particles captured in the filter fibers gradually increases until the filter intercepting unit is clogged.
  • the air containing the paint particles can only enter through the passage formed by the two faces 10-3 and 10-4 of the filter intercepting unit, during the advancement of the air, As the ventilation area of the passage is rapidly reduced, the air and the paint particles in the air will be accelerated, and the high-speed paint particles will hit the filter intercepting unit directly behind the passage under the action of inertial force, and the viscous paint particles will adhere to the filter interception.
  • the air changes direction after the impact, and flows to the rear row of the filter intercepting unit under the pressure difference.
  • the pressure difference is provided by the exhaust fan of the painting system.
  • the plugging of the filter column will start from the front row, as shown in Figure 8; a small portion of the paint type may also block from a layer in the middle.
  • a row of filter intercepting units or two adjacent filter intercepting units in a row are blocked, the cavity between them forms an air flow passage with a venturi structure, and begins to accelerate the flow through the principle of Venturi.
  • the air passing through the passage and the paint particles in it begin to intercept the captured paint particles by the impact force.
  • Other unblocked areas work in the manner of filtration or coexistence of filtration and impact force until all the filter intercepting units And the flake filter layer is completely filled with paint particles.
  • the distance between the filter intercepting units in each row of the rear 5 rows of filter intercepting units in the direction of the air main flow is reduced as compared with the first 5 rows.
  • a smaller distance between two filter intercepting units in the same row can Accelerating the air and air paint particles faster, enabling the paint particles to have higher speed and inertial forces, allowing the paint particles that are not captured in the front filter intercepting unit to be further intercepted and captured.
  • the scientific layout of the distance between the front and rear of the intercepting unit and the left and right sides enables the airborne paint particles to be captured in different areas of the paint mist collecting box, so that the entire paint mist collecting box forms a three-dimensional paint mist collecting space, greatly The capture capacity and the amount of capture of the paint mist by the capture system are improved.
  • a plurality of diamond-shaped columns are placed in a row, and the long diagonal lines of the sections are in the same straight line with a gap in the middle, and the cavity between the two diamond-shaped columns forms an air circulation passage having a venturi structure, which enables passage through the passage.
  • the air forms the Venturi effect. It has been proved that the venturi air flow passage formed by the rhombic column intercepts the paint particles by the action of the inertial force.
  • the trapping and intercepting unit of this embodiment also adopts the structure of the rhombic column, and of course the trapping unit is also captured.
  • a square column, an elliptical column, or a polygonal column may be used as long as the cavity therebetween can form a venturi structure.
  • the sheet-like filter layer 90 adopts a whole piece of sheet-like filter felt to function as a comprehensive filtration, and further intercepts and captures the unpainted particle paint mist of the above layers.
  • the dry painting system provided by the embodiment mainly comprises the following parts: a dynamic pressure chamber 300, a static pressure chamber 400, a spray booth 20, a painting robot 24, a conveying system 22, a paint mist collecting chamber 30, a paint mist collecting box, and a row.
  • the fan 50 wherein the paint mist collecting box adopts the above-described dry venturi paint mist collecting device 100.
  • the working process of the dry painting system is as follows:
  • the product to be sprayed is transported from the upstream of the painting system to the painting system by the conveying system, and the object 21 to be sprayed is painted in the painting system.
  • the constant temperature and humidity air from the air conditioner enters from the air inlet 200 of the painting system, and then flows through the dynamic pressure chamber 300; the air flowing through the dynamic pressure chamber is filtered by the bag filter and enters the static pressure chamber 400; The air of uniform flow velocity from the pressure chamber is filtered through the top cotton of the spray booth and enters the spray booth 20.
  • a lower portion of the spray booth is provided with a steel structure that supports the conveyor system 22, the robot 24, and the underside grille.
  • the delivery system 22 is capable of transporting the object 21 from the entrance of the spray booth to a desired location; the spray robot 24 is capable of spraying the object 21 to be sprayed; the grill 23 provides access to both the personnel and the spray booth and the lower portion.
  • the paint mist separation chamber is connected.
  • the air coming from the static and dynamic pressure chamber will carry the paint particles which are not attached to the surface of the coated object during the painting process, and this part of the paint particles is defined as the overspray. These fine paint particles are suspended in the air to form a mist. This is suspended in the air to form a mist of paint particles. The combination is called paint fog.
  • An air flow guiding space 31 is provided in the paint mist separation chamber 30, and air carrying the overspray enters the area via the holes of the grid plate.
  • the air deflecting region is open upwardly, the sides are defined by side panels 38, the bottom surfaces of the two sides are defined by the top panel 34 of the paint mist separation module, and the intermediate bottom surface is defined by the bottom panel 39.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the entire air guiding space is a T-shape.
  • the air containing the paint particles is guided to the area between the two rows of paint mist separation systems through the flow guiding area, and then the air changes the flow direction under the pressure difference, enters the horizontal state, flows into two parts and flows to both sides, and then enters the paint mist on both sides.
  • the collection box 100 The air containing the paint particles is guided to the area between the two rows of paint mist separation systems through the flow guiding area, and then the air changes the flow direction under the pressure difference, enters the horizontal state, flows into two parts and flows to both sides, and then enters the paint mist on both sides.
  • two rows of paint mist collecting boxes are placed on both sides of the paint mist separating chamber, and the number of the paint mist collecting boxes depends on the length of the spray booth.
  • the air carrying the overspray enters from the inlet 70 of the collection box and is discharged from the outlet 80.
  • the paint mist collecting box adopts the form of side air inlet.
  • the air containing the overspray enters the collecting box from the inlet 70, it is filtered and intercepted by the 10 rows of paint mist filter intercepting unit, and the air is completely separated and purified; finally, the air passes through the sheet filter layer to fully capture the above layers without being captured. Individual paint particles.
  • the air After passing through the paint mist collecting box 100, the air enters a cavity 41 in which a bag filter can be provided, and the bag filter 40 can be arbitrarily set according to the separation effect of the paint mist collecting box 100.
  • a damper 42 is disposed behind the cavity 41, and the damper is connected to the cavity 41 through a flange.
  • a roller conveying system 37 is installed at the bottom of the painting system for removing the collecting box that needs to be replaced and moving into a new collecting box.
  • a layer of cardboard 36 is required above the roller conveyor system to protect the conveyor system from paint mist on the one hand, and to collect a portion of the paint particles on the other hand.
  • the air is collected to the main air duct 43 via the air duct, and finally pressurized by the fan 50 and sent to the circulating air conditioner by the air duct 60.
  • the temperature and humidity of the air are finely adjusted to the construction window required by the spraying environment, and then returned to the painting system for recycling.
  • the present embodiment provides a dry venturi paint mist collecting device similar to the embodiment, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that the material of the paint mist filter intercepting unit is a non-woven fabric. material.
  • the present embodiment provides a dry venturi paint mist trap similar to the embodiment, which differs from Embodiment 1 in the density of materials used in the paint mist filter intercepting unit. The main flow direction of the air gradually becomes larger.

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Abstract

一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置（100），包括装置外壳，在装置外壳内布置有多排交错排列的漆雾过滤拦截单元，同一排内相邻的漆雾过滤拦截单元之间留有空隙，且此空隙与两侧的漆雾过滤拦截单元的面形成具有文丘里结构的空气流动通道。该漆雾捕集装置前期以过滤的形式过滤拦截油漆颗粒，后期以过滤形式和撞击力形式共存的方式过滤拦截油漆颗粒。一种带有上述干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置（100）的干式喷漆系统，漆雾捕集装置（100）设置在喷漆系统的排风口处，分离空气中的漆雾。

Description

一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及工业涂装领域，尤其涉及涂装漆雾捕捉分离和收集领域，具体是涉及一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置及其应用，广泛应用于汽车、五金、家电、玩具等涂装。
背景技术
随着中国经济的迅速发展，环境污染变得越来越严重。在我国大部分地区，人类对空气，土壤及水的污染已经远远超出了自然的承受能力。最近一些年，雾霾频发，水污染和土壤污染也变得越来越严重。涂装是一个高污染、高耗能的产业。在涂装生产过程中，会产生大量的废气、废液和固体废弃物。为了维持涂装所需要的恒温恒湿的条件，涂装也需要消耗大量的电能和化石燃料。
传统的涂装废气分离技术主要分为干式和湿式两种。传统的干式喷漆系统主要采用的是漆雾吸附毡的形式，如图1所示，是纯粹的过滤技术，很容易造成过滤材质的局部饱和而堵塞，对油漆颗粒的捕捉容纳能力很有限，需要频繁更换漆雾吸附毡。频繁地更换过滤毡需要停产，不仅增加了过滤材料和人工的消耗，也占据了大量的生产时间，企业生产成本高，固体废弃物多。其次，此技术对漆雾的分离效果也很有限，分离后的空气仍含有一定量的漆雾，不仅满足不了空气循环使用的质量要求，而且还存在较大的消防安全隐患。所以传统干式技术只能在小批量、间歇式的喷涂作业中应用，很难在大批量连续化的工业生产中使用。传统的湿式文丘里或湿式水帘柜技术，虽然能实现对漆雾的连续分离，能满足大批量连续作业的需要，但是此技术会产生大量的废气、废水和废液，需要消耗大量新鲜的恒温恒湿的空气，能耗高。部分湿式水洗技术的生产线虽然采用了循环风的技术，降低了新鲜风的消耗和废气的量，但是经过文丘里水洗后的空气湿度很大，温度低，首先需要除湿， 而后再加热，除湿和加热的能耗也很高，此循环风技术也需要消耗大量的能耗。
近些年国外一些公司也研发了一些新的干式分离技术，比如利用石灰粉来降低过喷物的粘性，而后靠过滤技术分离固体和气体，此技术需要加入大量的石灰粉，大大增加了固体废弃物的量。也有公司采用了静电式的漆雾分离技术，但此系统有容易被过喷物黏附并且难以除去的问题。另外，这些设备都结构复杂，价格昂贵，目前只在一些高端的生产线有应用，很难被普遍使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种漆雾捕集吸纳能力强，简单高效的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置。
本发明的目的之二是为了克服上述现有技术存在的缺陷而提供一种带有上述干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置的干式喷漆系统，此喷漆系统结构简单，可靠性高，节能环保。
本发明的目的之一可以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，包括装置外壳，该装置外壳内布置有多排的漆雾过滤拦截单元，同一排内相邻的漆雾过滤拦截单元之间留有空隙，且此空隙与两侧的漆雾过滤拦截单元的面形成具有文丘里结构的突然变窄的空气流动通道。
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元为具有菱形或方形横截面的过滤柱。
进一步，所述同一排内过滤柱横截面的较长对角线在同一直线内。
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元及相邻的漆雾过滤拦截单元之间的空隙形成漆雾分离机构。
进一步，在所述空气流动通道的正后方设置一漆雾过滤拦截单元
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为纤维材料。
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为无纺布材料。
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元在空气的主流动方向排布的密度逐渐变大。
进一步，所述漆雾过滤拦截单元所采用的过滤材料的密度在空气的主流动方向逐渐变大。
本发明的目的之二以通过以下技术方案来实现：
一种干式喷漆系统，包括上述干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，设置在所述干式喷漆 系统的排风口处，分离空气中的漆雾。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
根据本发明提供的一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，每个装置都做成独立单体的形式，可以根据需要更换每个的箱体，结构紧凑，更换方便。内部设置多个的过滤拦截结构，综合利用了文丘里的原理和过滤技术，利用菱形柱或方形柱的结构形式，布局并设计出了具有文丘里空腔结构的漆雾捕集装置。漆雾捕集装置内的过滤拦截单元前期以过滤的形式工作，过滤拦截空气中的漆雾。随着使用时间的延长，过滤拦截单元上的油漆颗粒逐渐增多，过滤拦截单元会逐渐被堵塞。在过滤拦截单元堵塞的情况下，过滤拦截单元之间具有文丘里结构的空腔能使空气及空气中的油漆颗粒加速，高速的油漆颗粒会在惯性力的作用下撞上后排的过滤拦截单元，由于油漆颗粒是粘性物质，撞上过滤拦截单元的油漆颗粒会黏附在过滤拦截单元上而被捕获。被捕获的油漆颗粒累积到一定的厚度后，便会在重力的作用下汇集到捕集装置的底部，避免了捕集装置的堵塞。实验证明，利用文丘里技术的漆雾捕集系统能大幅度地提高整个系统对油漆颗粒的捕集容纳能力，相对于传统的技术，本系统对油漆颗粒的捕集容纳能力能提高几十倍甚至上百倍，大大减少了过滤材料更换的次数和过滤材料的消耗。过滤拦截单元前后之间及左右之间的距离逐渐变小的布局形式能使不同大小的油漆颗粒在捕集装置的不同部位被捕获，使整个箱体形成一个立体的漆雾捕集空间，极大地提高了对漆雾的捕集容纳能力和分离效果。实验数据证明，相对传统的干式分离技术，本捕集系统对漆雾的分离效果有大幅的提高，分离后的空气中漆雾的量低于3㎎/m3，不仅不存在任何消防安全隐患，而且可以循环利用。
本发明提供的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置完美地解决了传统干式漆雾分离技术的吸纳能力问题。相对传统的湿式文丘里或水帘柜，此发明大大减少了废气、废液的量，完全不用水。空气经过此干式漆雾分离系统后，空气的温湿度基本没变化，能很容易地实现对空气的循环利用。而空气经过传统的湿式水洗后，温度大大降低，湿度大大增加了。如果重新循环利用此空气，需要除湿和加热，需要消耗大量的冷却能和加热能。如果不循环利用，不仅有大量的废气需要排放，喷漆室需要补进的大量恒温恒湿的空气也需要消耗大量的能耗。所以相对于传统的喷漆技术，采用本发明干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置的干式喷漆系统能大大降低对环境的污染和能量的消耗。
另外，本发明提供的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置对漆雾的吸纳能力很大，所以能大大降低固体废弃物的量。此漆雾捕集装置捕集的全部为油漆颗粒，油漆颗粒在整个捕集系统内分布均匀，通气性很好。漆雾的主要成分是树脂和溶剂，燃烧值很高，硬纸板也是可燃物质。所以更换下来的通气性好、燃烧值高的漆雾捕集箱，可以作为燃料使用，变废为宝。而传统的湿式技术，在漆雾分离的过程中，加入了大量的其他不可燃物质，并且混入的不易脱除的水，很难通过焚烧的方法处理这些废弃物，往往做填埋处理，污染土壤和地下水。所以此发明对节能环保有重大的意义。
附图说明
图1是传统漆雾吸附毡局部饱和而堵塞的示意图；
图2是干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置的外形结构示意图；
图3是干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置去除顶板的结构示意图；
图4是干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置横截面结构示意图；
图5是第一排漆雾过滤拦截单元的主视图；
图6是第一排漆雾过滤拦截单元的俯视图；
图7是漆雾过滤拦截单元初始状态的通风和过滤示意图；
图8是漆雾过滤拦截单元局部堵塞状态下捕集装置的截面示意图；
图9是漆雾过滤拦截单元堵塞状态下I部局部放大的通风示意图；
图10是干式喷漆系统的结构示意图；
图11是典型的干式喷漆系统的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。本实施例以本发明技术方案为前提进行实施，给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程，但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，包括装置外壳，每个箱体都是独立的单体，外部使用硬纸板材料，内部布局多排漆雾过滤拦截单元，各排漆雾过滤拦截单元交错设置，相邻所述漆雾过滤拦截单元之间留有空隙，且此空隙与两侧的 漆雾过滤拦截单元的面形成具有文丘里结构的突然变窄的空气流动通道。漆雾过滤拦截单元及相邻漆雾过滤拦截单元之间的空腔形成漆雾分离机构。漆雾过滤拦截单元为具有菱形或方形横截面的过滤柱，同一排内过滤柱横截面的较长对角线在同一直线内，每个通风面积迅速减小的空气流动通道的正后方对应布置一个漆雾过滤拦截单元。
如图2、图3、图4所示，本实施例的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置100包括：依次设置的10排由漆雾过滤拦截单元组成的过滤拦截层10、11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19，片状过滤层90，以及入口70和出口80。本实施例的10排过滤拦截层中，前后两排之间的距离在沿空气主流方向上逐渐减小。后5排过滤拦截单元在同一排内的间距较前5排有所减小。本实施例中，漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为纤维材料。
在此捕集装置运行的过程中，针对大部分类型的油漆，大颗粒的油漆会被前排的过滤拦截单元过滤拦截，小颗粒的油漆颗粒会被后排的过滤拦截单元过滤拦截。在过滤拦截单元没有堵塞前，过滤拦截单元以过滤的模式工作；当局部的过滤拦截单元堵塞后，两个堵塞的过滤拦截单元之间的空腔形成了一个具有文丘里结构的空气流通通道，含有油漆颗粒的空气在流经此文丘里结构的通道的过程中，空气和空气中的油漆颗粒被加速，高速的油漆颗粒会撞上后面的过滤拦截单元并且黏附在此过滤拦截单元上。过滤拦截单元上的油漆累积到一定的厚度后，便在重力的作用下汇集到箱体的底部，避免了漆雾捕集装置的堵塞。实验证明，此文丘里的结构能大大提高油漆颗粒通过撞击的作用而被捕获的量，极大地提升整个捕集系统对油漆颗粒的捕集能力和捕集量。
如图10所示，本实施例中入口70设置在侧面，出口80设置在侧面。当然，如图2所示，入口70也可以设置在捕集装置的顶面。入口的设置可以根据喷漆系统结构的需要而随意设置，只要含有漆雾的空气从第一排过滤拦截单元进入，最后经过片状过滤层90后再从出口80离开即可。
如图5、图6所示，第一排的过滤拦截层10内包含九个过滤拦截单元10-1。每个过滤拦截单元截面的长对角线在同一直线内且与此排过滤拦截层的中心线重合。
两个过滤拦截单元中间有一个狭窄的空隙10-2，此空隙与两侧的过滤拦截单 元的边10-3、10-4、10-5和10-6形成一个具有文丘里结构的空气流动通道，此通道的进口和出口的通风面积大，中间段的通风面积小。
初始状态的过滤拦截单元风阻很小，此时所有过滤拦截单元以过滤的模式运行，从进风口进入的含有油漆颗粒的空气部分流经过滤拦截单元过滤，部分流经两个过滤拦截单元之间的空腔。在含有油漆颗粒的空气流经过滤拦截单元的过程中，部分油漆颗粒会被过滤纤维拦截捕获。随着使用时间的增加，过滤纤维中捕获的油漆颗粒的量会逐渐增多，直至过滤拦截单元堵塞。
后续各排11、12、13、14、15、16、17、18、19的过滤拦截单元的结构和功能与第一排类似，在此不再一一详述。
如图8、图9所示，当过滤拦截单元堵塞后，含有油漆颗粒的空气只能由过滤拦截单元的两个面10-3和10-4形成的通道进入，在空气前进的过程中，由于通道的通风面积迅速减小，空气以及空气中的油漆颗粒会被加速，高速的油漆颗粒会在惯性力的作用下撞上通道正后方的过滤拦截单元，粘性的油漆颗粒会黏附在过滤拦截单元上，空气则在撞击后改变方向，在压差的作用下流向后一排的过滤拦截单元。压差由喷漆系统的排风机提供。
针对大部分的油漆类型，过滤柱的堵塞都会从前排开始，如图8所示；小部分的油漆种类也可能从中间的某层开始堵塞。当某一排的过滤拦截单元或某一排内相邻的两个过滤拦截单元堵塞后，其间的空腔便形成了一个具有文丘里结构的空气流动通道，便开始通过文丘里的原理加速流经此通道的空气及其中的油漆颗粒，便开始通过撞击力的作用拦截捕获油漆颗粒，其他的没有堵塞的区域还是以过滤的方式或过滤和撞击力共存的方式工作，直至所有的过滤拦截单元以及片状过滤层完全塞满油漆颗粒。
体积大的油漆颗粒，由于其质量大，在相同的速度的情况下，其所具有的惯性力就大，飞行的距离就远，所以大颗粒的油漆颗粒能撞到并黏附在前后排距离较长的过滤拦截单元上，而体积小的油漆颗粒由于质量轻，惯性力小，撞击不到后排的过滤拦截单元而被空气带到下一个阶段。在沿空气主流方向上逐渐减小的前后排间距也能确保不同体积大小的油漆颗粒在每层逐级捕获。
在本实施例中，在沿空气主流方向上靠后5排过滤拦截单元每排内过滤拦截单元之间的距离较前5排有所减少。同一排内两个过滤拦截单元之间更小的距离，能 使空气及空气内的油漆颗粒加速得更快，能够使油漆颗粒有更高的速度和惯性力，能够使在前排过滤拦截单元没有被捕获的油漆颗粒进一步被拦截捕获。过滤拦截单元前后及左右之间距离的科学布局，能使空气中油漆颗粒在漆雾捕集箱内的不同区域捕获，使整个漆雾捕集箱形成一个立体的漆雾捕集空间，极大地提高了捕集系统对漆雾的捕集能力和捕集量。
数个菱形柱放置一排，截面的长对角线在同一直线内，中间留有缝隙，两个菱形柱间的空腔便形成了具有文丘里结构的空气流通通道，能使通过此通道的空气形成文丘里效应。实践证明，以菱形柱构成的文丘里空气流动通道通过惯性力的作用而拦截捕获油漆颗粒的效果佳，本实施例的捕集拦截单元采用的也是菱形柱的结构形式，当然捕集拦截单元也可以采用方形柱、椭圆形柱、多边形柱的结构形式，只要其间的空腔能形成文丘里的结构即可。
片状过滤层90采用整片的片状过滤毡，起全面过滤的功能，将以上各层未被截留的颗粒漆雾进行进一步拦截捕获。
本实施例提供的干式喷漆系统主要包含如下部分：动压室300、静压室400、喷漆室20、喷涂机器人24、输送系统22、漆雾捕集室30、漆雾捕集箱、排风机50，其中漆雾捕集箱采用上述干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置100。
干式喷漆系统的工作过程如下：
需要喷涂的产品从本喷漆系统的上游由输送系统输送到本喷漆系统内，被喷涂物21在本喷漆系统内涂装。
从空调过来的恒温恒湿的空气从喷漆系统的进风口200进入，而后经过动压室300均流；经动压室均流的空气经袋式过滤器过滤，进入静压室400；从静压室过来的流速均匀的空气经喷漆室的顶棉过滤后进入喷漆室20。
喷漆室的下部布置有钢结构，其支撑输送系统22、机器人24及底面格栅。输送系统22能够将被喷涂物21从喷漆室的入口输送到所需的位置；喷涂机器人24能够为被喷涂物21喷涂；格栅23既能为人员提供通道，也能使喷漆室和下部的漆雾分离室相通。
从动静压室过来的空气在经过喷漆室的过程中会携带喷漆过程中产生的没有附着到被涂物表面的油漆颗粒，本文中把此部分油漆颗粒定义为过喷物。这些细小的油漆颗粒悬浮在空气中形成雾状，本文把这些悬浮在空气中形成雾状的油漆颗粒 的组合称为漆雾。
漆雾分离室30内设置有空气导流空间31，载有过喷物的空气经由格栅板的孔进入此区域。空气导流区域向上敞开，侧面由侧板38限定，两侧的底面由漆雾分离模组的顶板34限定，中间的底面由底板39限定。整个空气导流空间的截面形状为一个T字型。
含有油漆颗粒的空气经导流区域引导至两排漆雾分离系统中间的区域，而后空气在压差的作用下改变流动方向，进入水平状态，分成两部分向两边流动，而后进入两边的漆雾捕集箱100。
本实施例中，漆雾分离室的两侧放置两排漆雾捕集箱，漆雾捕集箱的数量取决于喷漆室的长度。
载有过喷物的空气从捕集箱的入口70进入，从出口80排出。根据本喷漆系统的结构形式的需要，本漆雾捕集箱采用的是侧面进风的形式。
载有过喷物的空气从入口70进入捕集箱后，经由10排漆雾过滤拦截单元过滤拦截，空气得到全面的分离净化；最后空气经片状过滤层，全面捕捉以上各层没有被捕获的个别油漆颗粒。
空气经过漆雾捕集箱100后，便进入一个可以设置袋式过滤器的空腔41内，袋式过滤器40可以根据漆雾捕集箱100的分离效果而随意设置。空腔41后设置有风阀42，风阀通过法兰与空腔41连接。
为了方便更换漆雾捕集箱，在喷漆系统的底部安装了滚轮输送系统37，供移出需要更换的捕集箱和移进新的捕集箱之用。在滚轮输送系统的上方需要铺一层硬纸板36，一方面能起到保护输送系统免受漆雾的污染的作用，另一方面也可以搜集一部分油漆颗粒。
空气经由风管汇集到主风管43，最后由风机50加压后由风管60送到循环风空调。在循环风空调里，空气的温湿度得到微调达到喷涂环境要求的施工窗口后，重新送回喷漆系统进行循环利用。
含有过喷物的空气在流经漆雾捕集装置的过程中，只是油漆颗粒被拦截捕获，而没有改变空气的其他的状态，空气经过风机增压后，可以送回喷漆系统重新利用，不需要消耗大量的新鲜空气，不需要排放大量的废气，也不需要消耗大量的能耗，节能环保。
在喷涂的过程中，由于油漆中大部分溶剂会挥发到流经此喷漆系统的空气中。如果空气一直循环，空气中的浓度会逐渐增高。为了避免空气中的溶剂的浓度达到爆炸极限，我们一般采用补进一部分新鲜空气或低溶剂浓度的空气的办法，排出一部分高溶剂浓度的空气进行焚烧处理。低溶剂浓度的空气可以用手工喷涂区域的排出的空气。典型工艺流程图见图11。
实施例2
参考图2-图6所示，本实施例提供一种与实施例类似的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，与实施例1的不同之处在于漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为无纺布材料。
实施例3
参考图2-图6所示，本实施例提供一种与实施例类似的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，与实施例1的不同之处在于漆雾过滤拦截单元所采用的材料的密度在空气的主流动方向逐渐变大。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本专利的原理及其功效，而非于限制本专利。任何熟悉此专利技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明专利的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此，举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本专利所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本专利的权利要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，包括装置外壳，其特征在于：该装置外壳内布置有多排漆雾过滤拦截单元，每排内相邻的漆雾过滤拦截单元之间留有空隙，且此空隙与两侧的漆雾过滤拦截单元的面形成具有文丘里结构的迅速变窄的空气流动通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元为具有菱形或方形横截面的过滤柱。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述过滤柱横截面的较长对角线在同一直线内。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元及相邻的漆雾过滤拦截单元之间的空隙形成漆雾分离机构。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：在所述空气流动通道的正后方设置一漆雾过滤拦截单元。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为纤维材料。
  7. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元的材料为无纺布材料。
  8. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元在空气的主流动方向排布的密度逐渐变大。
  9. 根据权利要求1-5任一所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，其特征在于：所述漆雾过滤拦截单元所采用的过滤材料的密度在空气的主流动方向逐渐变大。
  10. 一种干式喷漆系统，其特征在于：包括如权利要求1-9任一所述的干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置，设置在所述干式喷漆系统的排风口处，分离空气中的漆雾。
PCT/CN2015/094771 2015-07-17 2015-11-17 一种干式文丘里漆雾捕集装置及其应用 WO2017012224A1 (zh)

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CN113368640A (zh) * 2020-02-25 2021-09-10 帕卡设计工程株式会社 涂料雾捕集装置
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