WO2017010256A1 - 電動圧縮機の駆動装置 - Google Patents
電動圧縮機の駆動装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017010256A1 WO2017010256A1 PCT/JP2016/068712 JP2016068712W WO2017010256A1 WO 2017010256 A1 WO2017010256 A1 WO 2017010256A1 JP 2016068712 W JP2016068712 W JP 2016068712W WO 2017010256 A1 WO2017010256 A1 WO 2017010256A1
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- unit
- pressure difference
- switching elements
- electric compressor
- inverter circuit
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00421—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning
- B60H1/00428—Driving arrangements for parts of a vehicle air-conditioning electric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00457—Ventilation unit, e.g. combined with a radiator
- B60H1/00464—The ventilator being of the axial type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/08—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by varying the rotational speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C28/28—Safety arrangements; Monitoring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
- H02P27/08—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
- H02P27/085—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation wherein the PWM mode is adapted on the running conditions of the motor, e.g. the switching frequency
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/40—Regulating or controlling the amount of current drawn or delivered by the motor for controlling the mechanical load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P29/00—Arrangements for regulating or controlling electric motors, appropriate for both AC and DC motors
- H02P29/60—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive
- H02P29/68—Controlling or determining the temperature of the motor or of the drive based on the temperature of a drive component or a semiconductor component
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/20—Arrangements for starting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
- F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04C29/00—Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
- F04C29/0042—Driving elements, brakes, couplings, transmissions specially adapted for pumps
- F04C29/0085—Prime movers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P2209/00—Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the waveform of the supplied voltage or current
- H02P2209/01—Motors with neutral point connected to the power supply
Definitions
- This disclosure relates to a drive device for an electric compressor.
- Patent Document 1 discloses start-up control that takes into consideration both the startability with respect to the pressure difference between a low-pressure refrigerant and a high-pressure refrigerant and the life of an inverter circuit. .
- Patent Document 1 based on the current value flowing from the inverter circuit to the stator coil when the compressor stop command is generated, the target current value of the starting current flowing from the inverter circuit to the stator coil at the next start is It has been decided.
- the target current value is increased because the pressure difference is large.
- the target current value is made small because the pressure difference is small.
- This disclosure is intended to provide a drive device for an electric compressor that suppresses heat generation of an inverter circuit when a pressure difference is large when the rotor is started again after the compression mechanism is stopped.
- a driving device for an electric compressor in which a rotor is rotated by a rotating magnetic field generated from a stator coil of a synchronous motor, and a compression mechanism is driven by the rotational force of the rotor to compress a fluid.
- An inverter circuit composed of a plurality of switching elements;
- a drive unit that generates a rotating magnetic field from the stator coil by causing an alternating current to flow from the inverter circuit to the stator coil based on a DC voltage output from the DC power source by switching a plurality of switching elements;
- a determination unit that determines whether or not the pressure difference between the fluid suction port side and the fluid discharge port side of the compression mechanism is greater than or equal to a predetermined value when the compression mechanism is restarted after the compression mechanism is stopped; Setting the number of switching times per unit time of the plurality of switching elements in the initial predetermined time when the compression mechanism starts to start again, and increasing the rotational speed of the rotor to the predetermined rotational speed when the compression mechanism starts again
- a restarting unit that controls the driving unit so that an alternating current flows from the inverter circuit to the stator coil, and When the determination unit determines that the pressure difference is greater than or equal to the predetermined value, the restarting unit calculates the number of switching times per unit time
- the inverter circuit can be prevented from generating heat when the pressure difference is large.
- the number of times of switching refers to the number of times a plurality of switching elements change from one state to the other state between on and off.
- the positive bus side switching element is a switching element connected to the positive bus among the plurality of switching elements.
- the negative electrode bus side switching element is a switching element connected to the negative electrode bus among the plurality of switching elements.
- the drive device for the electric compressor is applied to an automobile including an in-vehicle device that generates an operation sound in accordance with an operation
- the masking unit performs control to operate the in-vehicle device, When a pair of switching elements for each phase is switched, the masking unit generates an operation sound from the in-vehicle device when a vibration sound is generated from the inverter circuit due to the carrier frequency.
- the vibration sound from the inverter circuit can be masked by the operation sound from the in-vehicle device, and the vibration sound from the inverter circuit can be prevented from giving an uncomfortable feeling to the passengers.
- FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 to which a drive device for an electric compressor according to the present disclosure is applied.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 is an on-vehicle refrigeration cycle apparatus mounted on an automobile.
- the vehicle of this embodiment is an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle that includes a traveling motor.
- the refrigeration cycle apparatus 1 constitutes an in-vehicle air conditioner, and includes an electric compressor 10, a condenser 20, a pressure reducing valve 30, an evaporator 40, a drive device 50, and an electronic control device 60.
- the electric compressor 10 includes a compression mechanism 11 and a synchronous motor 12.
- the compression mechanism 11 draws in refrigerant (that is, fluid) by the rotational force of the rotor 13 of the synchronous motor 12, compresses it, and discharges it.
- refrigerant that is, fluid
- the compression mechanism 11 for example, a scroll compressor or a rotary compressor is used.
- the synchronous motor 12 includes a rotor 13 and a stator coil 14.
- the rotor 13 outputs a rotational force to the compression mechanism 11 through the rotation shaft 13a.
- a rotor in which a plurality of permanent magnets are embedded is used as the rotor 13, for example.
- the stator coil 14 is provided with a neutral point 14x by star-connecting a U-phase coil 14a, a V-phase coil 14b, and a W-phase coil 14c.
- the stator coil 14 applies a rotating magnetic field to the rotor 13.
- the condenser 20 is a heat exchanger that cools the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism 11 with vehicle exterior air blown from the electric fan 21.
- the electric fan 21 generates a flow of vehicle exterior air that passes through the condenser 20.
- the condenser 20 and the electric fan 21 are disposed in the engine room of the automobile.
- the pressure reducing valve 30 depressurizes the high-pressure refrigerant cooled by the condenser 20.
- the pressure reducing valve 30 includes a valve body 31 that controls a cross-sectional area of a refrigerant passage between the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 20 and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 40, and an electric actuator 32 that drives the valve body. Has been.
- the evaporator 40 cools the passenger compartment air blown from the electric fan 41 by the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the decompression valve 30.
- the electric fan 41 generates a flow of passenger compartment air that passes through the evaporator 40.
- the evaporator 40 and the electric fan 41 are disposed on the lower side of the instrument panel in the vehicle interior to constitute a vehicle interior air conditioner.
- the drive device 50 includes an inverter circuit 51, a capacitor 52, a drive circuit 53, a detection circuit 54, a control circuit 55, a voltage sensor 56, a current sensor 57, and a temperature sensor 58.
- the inverter circuit 51 causes a three-phase alternating current to flow through the stator coil 14 based on the output voltage of the high-voltage power supply 70.
- the high voltage power supply 70 is a DC power supply that outputs a DC voltage to the inverter circuit 51 and the like.
- the inverter circuit 51 includes switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, SW6 and diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6.
- Switching elements SW1 and SW4 are connected in series between the negative electrode bus 51b and the positive electrode bus 51a.
- the switching elements SW2 and SW5 are connected in series between the negative electrode bus 51b and the positive electrode bus 51a.
- Switching elements SW3 and SW6 are connected in series between negative electrode bus 51b and positive electrode bus 51a.
- the positive electrode bus 51 a is connected to the positive electrode of the high voltage power source 70, and the negative electrode bus 51 b is connected to the negative electrode of the high voltage power source 70.
- the switching elements SW1 and SW4 are provided so as to correspond to the W phase, and the common connection point T1 of the switching elements SW1 and SW4 is connected to the W phase coil 14c.
- the switching elements SW2 and SW5 are provided so as to correspond to the V phase, and the common connection point T2 of the switching elements SW2 and SW5 is connected to the V phase coil 14b.
- the switching elements SW3 and SW6 are provided so as to correspond to the U phase, and a common connection point T3 of the switching elements SW3 and SW6 is connected to the U phase coil 14a.
- switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 for example, semiconductor switching elements such as insulated gate bipolar switching elements and field effect switching elements are used.
- the diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, and D6 are disposed so as to be in antiparallel to the corresponding switching elements among the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6.
- the positive electrode of the capacitor 52 is connected to the positive bus 51 a of the inverter circuit 51.
- the negative electrode of the capacitor 52 is connected to the negative bus 51 b of the inverter circuit 51.
- the positive electrode of the capacitor 71 is connected to the positive electrode of the high-voltage power supply 70, and the negative electrode of the capacitor 71 is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage power supply 70.
- a coil 72 is connected between the positive electrode of the capacitor 52 and the positive electrode of the capacitor 71.
- the coil 72 and the capacitors 52 and 71 of the present embodiment constitute an LC filter that stabilizes the voltage between the positive electrode bus 51a and the negative electrode bus 51b.
- the drive circuit 53 outputs a pulsed control signal that causes the inverter circuit 51 to perform switching operation by PWM control processing.
- the PWM control process is a process for switching the inverter circuit 51 in accordance with the comparison between the voltage command wave and the carrier wave supplied from the control circuit 55.
- the carrier wave of this embodiment is a triangular wave whose voltage periodically changes from a reference potential (specifically, zero potential) from the positive electrode side to the negative electrode side.
- the detection circuit 54 converts each detection signal of the sensors 56, 57, 58 into a state quantity used in the arithmetic processing of the control circuit 55.
- the voltage sensor 56 is a voltage sensor that detects a voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the capacitor 52.
- a sensor such as a resistance voltage dividing method is used.
- the Current sensor 57 detects U-phase current iu, V-phase current iv, and W-phase current iw.
- the U-phase current iu is a current that flows from the common connection point T3 of the switching elements SW3 and SW6 to the U-phase coil 14a.
- the V-phase current iv is a current that flows from the common connection point T2 of the switching elements SW2 and SW5 to the V-phase coil 14b.
- the W-phase current iw is a current that flows from the common connection point T1 of the switching elements SW1 and SW4 to the W-phase coil 14c.
- the directions of the currents iu, 1v, and iw flowing in FIG. As the current sensor 57 of the present embodiment, a current transformer method, a Hall element method, a shunt resistance method, or the like is used.
- the temperature sensor 58 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the inverter circuit 51.
- the temperature sensor 58 a temperature sensor that detects the surface temperature or the ambient temperature of any one of the switching elements SW1, SW2,.
- the control circuit 55 includes a microcomputer, a memory, a timer, and the like. Based on the output signal of the detection circuit 54 and the rotation speed command value Nm given from the electronic control device 60, the switching circuit SW1, A control process for controlling SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 is executed.
- the electronic control unit 60 is an air conditioner ECU.
- the electronic control device 60 executes air conditioning control processing based on the output signals from the air conditioner switch 61 and various air conditioning sensors. In the air conditioning control process, the electronic control device 60 controls the synchronous motor 12 via the drive device 50 and controls the electric fans 21 and 41 and the pressure reducing valve 30.
- the air conditioner switch 61 is a switch that commands the operation and stop of the electric compressor 10 by the operation of the occupant.
- the electronic control unit 60, the drive circuit 53, the detection circuit 54, and the control circuit 55 are operated by the output voltage of the low-voltage power supply.
- the output voltage of the low voltage power supply is set lower than the output voltage of the high voltage power supply 70.
- the electronic control unit 60 repeatedly determines whether or not the compression mechanism 11 should be started based on the output signals of the air conditioner switch 61 and various air conditioning sensors.
- the electronic control unit 60 outputs an ON flag or an OFF flag to the control circuit 55 as an operation flag based on the determination result for each determination.
- the ON flag is a start command for starting the compression mechanism 11 with respect to the control circuit 55.
- the OFF flag is a stop command for causing the control circuit 55 to stop the compression mechanism 11.
- the electronic control unit 60 obtains the rotational speed command value Nm based on the output signals of the air conditioner switch 61 and various air conditioning sensors.
- the rotational speed command value Nm is a target rotational speed of the rotor 13.
- the control circuit 55 executes compressor control processing according to the flowcharts shown in FIGS.
- FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing compressor control processing.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of the restart control process in FIG.
- the execution of the compressor control process is started when the power switch is turned on and DC power is supplied from the low voltage power source to the control circuit 55.
- control circuit 55 acquires an operation flag from the electronic control unit 60 in step S100. Next, it is determined whether or not the acquired operation flag is an ON flag (step S101). If the operation flag is an OFF flag, NO is determined in step S101, and the process returns to step S100. For this reason, when the OFF flag as the operation flag is repeatedly acquired, the operation flag acquisition process in step S100 and the NO determination in step S101 are repeated.
- step S101 When the ON flag as the operation flag is acquired, YES is determined in step S101. Accordingly, activation control is executed in step S102.
- start-up control of the present embodiment forced commutation control is executed in which the rotation of the rotor 13 is started and the rotation speed of the rotor 13 is gradually increased to a predetermined rotation speed Nc.
- the predetermined rotational speed Nc is such that the induced voltage generated in the stator coil 14 becomes a predetermined value or more, and the control circuit 55 can determine the rotational speed of the rotor 13 based on the detection values of the sensors 56 and 57. The number of revolutions.
- the control circuit 55 calculates a voltage command wave for gradually increasing the actual rotational speed Na of the rotor 13 to a predetermined rotational speed Nc.
- This voltage command wave is set so that the magnitude of the three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 becomes a predetermined current value at which the rotation of the rotor 13 can be started.
- a voltage command wave used in forced commutation control is referred to as a voltage command wave VS.
- the voltage command wave VS is illustrated in FIG.
- the voltage command wave VS forms a voltage command wave for each phase, and is a three-phase command wave composed of a U-phase command wave VU, a V-phase command wave VV, and a W-phase command wave VW.
- the command waves VU, VV, and VW are sine waves whose voltages periodically change from the reference potential having the same potential as the reference potential of the carrier wave Kn to the positive electrode side and the negative electrode side.
- the carrier wave Kn of the present embodiment is a triangular wave whose voltage periodically changes from the reference potential (specifically, zero potential) from the positive electrode side to the negative electrode side.
- the detected value of the voltage sensor 56 is set as the peak value VB of the carrier wave Kn.
- fpwm1 is used as the frequency of the carrier wave Kn (hereinafter referred to as carrier frequency).
- the control circuit 55 sets such a carrier wave Kn and a voltage command wave VS in the drive circuit 53. Therefore, the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase and determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,.
- the U-phase command wave VU corresponds to the switching elements SW3 and SW6.
- the drive circuit 53 turns on the switching element SW3 on the positive electrode bus 51a side and turns off the switching element SW6 on the negative electrode bus 51b side.
- the drive circuit 53 turns off the switching element SW3 and turns on the switching element SW6.
- V phase command wave VV corresponds to switching elements SW2 and SW5.
- the drive circuit 53 determines whether the switching element SW2 on the positive bus 51a side and the switching element SW5 on the negative bus 51b side according to the comparison between the V-phase command wave VV and the carrier wave Kn. One of the switching elements is turned off and the other switching element is turned on.
- the drive circuit 53 turns off one of the switching elements SW1 on the positive bus 51a side and the switching element SW4 on the negative bus 51b side in accordance with the comparison between the W-phase command wave VW and the carrier wave Kn. Then, the other switching element is turned on.
- the drive circuit 53 determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is to be turned on, and obtains a control signal including the determined information.
- the drive circuit 53 outputs such a control signal to the inverter circuit 51.
- the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 perform a switching operation.
- a three-phase alternating current flows to the stator coil 14 from the common connection points T1, T2, and T3.
- a rotating magnetic field is generated from the stator coil 14.
- the rotor rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field. Thereby, the rotation speed of the rotor 13 can be gradually raised to the predetermined rotation speed Nc.
- the control circuit 55 executes normal control processing in step S103.
- the current command value Is is obtained based on the rotational speed command value Nm commanded from the electronic control unit 60.
- the current command value Is is information indicating the magnitude and phase of a three-phase alternating current as a target value to be output from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14.
- the actual rotational speed Na of the rotor 13 is obtained based on the detection value of the voltage sensor 56 and the detection value of the current sensor 57. Then, the actual rotation speed Na is brought close to the rotation speed command value Nm, and a voltage command wave for making the detection value of the current sensor 57 close to the current command value Is is obtained.
- the voltage command wave is composed of a U-phase command wave, a V-phase command wave, and a W-phase command wave.
- the voltage command wave used in the normal control process is referred to as a voltage command wave VSa.
- control circuit 55 sets the carrier wave Kn having the carrier frequency fpwm1 and the voltage command wave VSa in the drive circuit 53. For this reason, the drive circuit 53 determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is to be turned on by comparing the voltage command wave VSa and the carrier wave Kn for each phase. The drive circuit 53 outputs a control signal including the determined information to the inverter circuit 51.
- the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 perform a switching operation. Accordingly, a three-phase alternating current flows to the stator coil 14 from the common connection points T1, T2, and T3. For this reason, a rotating magnetic field is generated from the stator coil 14. Along with this, the rotor rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field. Thereby, the rotation speed of the rotor 13 can be controlled so that the rotation speed of the rotor 13 follows the rotation speed command value Nm.
- the compression mechanism 11 is driven by the rotational force of the rotor 13 controlled in this way. For this reason, the compression mechanism 11 sucks the refrigerant from the refrigerant outlet side of the evaporator 40 and compresses it to discharge the high-pressure refrigerant. For this reason, the high-pressure refrigerant is cooled in the condenser 20 by the vehicle exterior air blown from the electric fan 21. The cooled high-pressure refrigerant is depressurized by the pressure reducing valve 30. The decompressed low-pressure refrigerant is evaporated in the evaporator 40 by absorbing heat from the passenger compartment air blown from the electric fan 41.
- the electric fans 21 and 41 and the electric actuator 32 of the pressure reducing valve 30 are controlled by the electronic control unit 60.
- step S104 an operation flag is acquired from the electronic control unit 60. Further, differential pressure determination information indicating a refrigerant pressure difference between the refrigerant suction port side and the refrigerant discharge port side of the compression mechanism 11 is acquired (step S107).
- the differential pressure determination information of the present embodiment for example, the temperature of the inverter circuit 51 detected by the temperature sensor 58 is used.
- the torque (hereinafter also simply referred to as torque) output from the rotor 13 to the compression mechanism 11 and the refrigerant pressure difference have a correlation. Since the torque is generated by a three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14, the torque and the three-phase alternating current have a correlation. Furthermore, since the heat generated from the inverter circuit 51 varies depending on the magnitude of the three-phase alternating current, the heat and the three-phase alternating current have a correlation. For this reason, the refrigerant pressure difference and heat have a phase relationship. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure difference can be estimated from the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 58.
- step S105 determines whether or not the operation flag acquired in step S104 is an ON flag. If the operation flag is the ON flag, the determination is YES in step S105. Accordingly, the process returns to step S103. Therefore, as long as the operation flag is the ON flag, the normal control process (step S103), the operation flag acquisition process (step S104), the differential pressure determination information acquisition process (step S107), and the YES determination in step S105 are repeatedly executed. .
- the control circuit 55 repeatedly acquires the differential pressure determination information every time step S107 is executed. For this reason, the differential pressure determination information acquired in the Nth step S107 is replaced with the differential pressure determination information acquired in the (N ⁇ 1) th step S107 and stored in the memory. N and (N ⁇ 1) are the number of executions of step S107.
- step S104 NO is determined in step S105, and counting by a timer is started.
- the timer is a timer that counts the time that has elapsed since the determination in step S105 as NO.
- the time measured by the timer is referred to as a measurement time t.
- a stop control process for stopping the rotor 13 is performed. Specifically, a control signal for turning off all the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 is output from the drive circuit 53 to the inverter circuit 51. Along with this, the inverter circuit 51 stops the flow of the three-phase alternating current from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14. Thereby, the rotor 13 and the compression mechanism 11 stop.
- step S108 the control circuit 55 sets a differential pressure flag in the memory based on the differential pressure determination information acquired in step S107.
- the differential pressure flag N as the differential pressure flag is set in the memory on the assumption that the refrigerant pressure difference is lower than the threshold value S1.
- the differential pressure flag A as the differential pressure flag is set in the memory, assuming that the refrigerant pressure difference is equal to or higher than the threshold S1 and lower than the threshold S2. .
- the temperature Tb is higher than the temperature Ta.
- the threshold value S2 is larger than the threshold value S1.
- the differential pressure flag B as the differential pressure flag is set in the memory, assuming that the refrigerant pressure difference is equal to or higher than the threshold value S2.
- the differential pressure flag can be stored in the memory based on the temperature of the inverter circuit 51.
- step S109 an operation flag is acquired from the electronic control unit 60.
- step S110 it is determined whether or not the measurement time t counted by the timer is equal to or longer than a predetermined time.
- step S110 when the measurement time t is less than the predetermined time, NO is determined in step S110.
- step S109 when the operation flag acquired in step S109 is an OFF flag, NO is determined in step S111, and the process returns to step S109. Therefore, as long as the measurement time t is less than the predetermined time and the operation flag is an OFF flag, the operation flag acquisition process (step S109), the NO determination in step S110, and the NO determination in step S111 are repeated.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing details of the restart control process in step S120.
- control circuit 55 first determines whether the differential pressure flag set in the memory is the differential pressure flag A, the differential pressure flag B, or the differential pressure flag N in step S113 of FIG. judge.
- step S113 when it is determined that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag N, it is determined that the refrigerant pressure difference is less than the threshold value S1, and a control signal is sent to start the operation of the electric fans 21 and 41. Output to the electronic control unit 60. For this reason, the electronic control unit 60 controls the electric fans 21 and 41 to start blowing air by the electric fans 21 and 41. Therefore, the air flow of the vehicle exterior air passing through the condenser 20 and the air flow of the vehicle interior air passing through the evaporator 40 are generated (step S114).
- control circuit 55 performs restart control of the compression mechanism 11 by forced commutation control in the start mode N (step S117).
- the carrier wave Kn and the voltage command wave VS shown in FIG. 4 used in the PWM control process are set in the drive circuit 53.
- the carrier wave Kn is a carrier wave whose carrier frequency is fpwm1.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase to determine which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is turned on, and includes this determined information.
- a control signal is output to the inverter circuit 51.
- the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 perform a switching operation. Accordingly, a three-phase alternating current flows to the stator coil 14 from the common connection points T1, T2, and T3.
- the compression mechanism 11 sucks and compresses the low-pressure refrigerant from the refrigerant outlet of the evaporator 40 and discharges the high-pressure refrigerant.
- the condenser 20 radiates heat from the high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism 11 to the vehicle exterior air.
- the pressure reducing valve 30 depressurizes the high-pressure refrigerant cooled by the condenser 20.
- the evaporator 40 cools the cabin air with the low-pressure refrigerant decompressed by the decompression valve 30. Thereafter, the control circuit 55 proceeds to step S103.
- step S113 when the control circuit 55 determines in step S113 that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag A, the control circuit 55 determines that the refrigerant pressure difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value S1 and less than the threshold value S2, and the operation of the electric fans 21 and 41. A control signal is output to the electronic control unit 60 to start the operation. For this reason, an air flow of the passenger compartment air passing through the condenser 20 and an air flow of the passenger compartment air passing through the evaporator 40 are generated (step S115).
- control circuit 55 performs restart control of the compression mechanism 11 by forced commutation control in the differential pressure startup mode A (step S118).
- the carrier wave Ka and the voltage command wave VS used for the initial predetermined time TS when the compression mechanism 11 starts to start again are set in the drive circuit 53.
- the initial predetermined time TS is illustrated in FIG. 7, and the carrier wave Ka is illustrated in FIG.
- the carrier wave Ka is a carrier wave having a carrier frequency of fpwm2.
- fpwm2 is a carrier frequency lower than fpwm1.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Ka for each phase during the initial predetermined time TS when the compression mechanism 11 starts to start again. Then, based on the comparison result, drive circuit 53 determines which one of switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is turned on, and outputs a control signal including the determined information to inverter circuit 51.
- control circuit 55 sets the carrier wave Kn and the voltage command wave VS in the drive circuit 53.
- the driving circuit 53 uses the carrier wave Ka for the initial predetermined time TS when the compression mechanism 11 starts to start again. Wave Kn is used.
- the drive circuit 53 determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is to be turned on by comparing the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase.
- a control signal including the processed information is output to the inverter circuit 51.
- the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, and SW6 perform a switching operation. Accordingly, a three-phase alternating current flows to the stator coil 14 from the common connection points T1, T2, and T3. Therefore, a rotating magnetic field is generated from the stator coil 14.
- the rotor 13 rotates in synchronization with the rotating magnetic field. Thereby, the rotation speed of the rotor 13 can be gradually raised to the predetermined rotation speed Nc.
- the compression mechanism 11 is driven by the rotational force of the rotor 13. Thereby, the compression mechanism 11 sucks and compresses the low-pressure refrigerant and discharges the high-pressure refrigerant. Accordingly, the condenser 20, the pressure reducing valve 30, and the evaporator 40 operate in the same manner as described above. Thereafter, the control circuit 55 proceeds to step S103.
- step S113 when the control circuit 55 determines in step S113 that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag B, the control circuit 55 determines that the refrigerant pressure difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value S2, and starts the operation of the electric fans 21 and 41. A control signal is output to the electronic control unit 60. For this reason, an air flow of the passenger compartment air passing through the condenser 20 and an air flow of the passenger compartment air passing through the evaporator 40 are generated (step S115).
- restart control of the compression mechanism 11 is performed by forced commutation control in the differential pressure startup mode B (step S119).
- the carrier wave Kb and the voltage command wave VS used for the initial predetermined time TS when the compression mechanism 11 starts to start again are set in the drive circuit 53.
- the carrier wave Kb is illustrated in FIG.
- the carrier wave Kb is a carrier wave having a carrier frequency of fpwm3.
- fpwm3 is a lower carrier frequency than fpwm2.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kb for each phase at the initial predetermined time TS when the compression mechanism 11 starts to start again, so that the switching elements SW1, SW2,. Decide which one to turn on. Then, the drive circuit 53 outputs a control signal including the determined information to the inverter circuit 51.
- control circuit 55 sets the carrier wave Kn and the voltage command wave VS in the drive circuit 53.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase to determine which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is turned on, and includes this determined information.
- a control signal is output to the inverter circuit 51.
- differential pressure starting mode B and the differential pressure starting mode A are the same except that the carrier frequency used in the drive circuit 53 is different for a predetermined time TS. For this reason, the description of the restart control of the compression mechanism 11 in the differential pressure startup mode B is simplified.
- the electric fans 21 and 41 are operated before performing the restart control of the compression mechanism 11 in steps S118 and S119.
- the electric fans 21 and 41 are blown by the blow control process of step S115 during execution of the restart control of the compression mechanism 11 in steps S118 and S119. At this time, wind noise of the fan and rotation sound of the electric motor are generated from the electric fans 21 and 41. Such operation noise generated from the electric fans 21 and 41 masks vibration noise generated from the inverter circuit 51 and the stator coil 14 of the electric compressor 10. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the annoying vibration sound generated from the inverter circuit 51 from giving an uncomfortable feeling to the passenger.
- the control circuit 55 determines NO in step S105 of FIG. 2 and then repeatedly executes NO determination in step S111, the measurement time t becomes longer. In this case, because the refrigerant flows through the gap between the compression mechanism 11 and the pressure reducing valve 30 due to the refrigerant pressure difference between the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant pressure difference is reduced.
- control circuit 55 determines YES in step S110 when the measurement time t becomes equal to or longer than the predetermined time after repeatedly performing the NO determination in step S111.
- control circuit 55 initializes the differential pressure flag set in the memory and the measurement time t by the timer (step S112). Thereby, the differential pressure determination information and the measurement time t stored in the memory are discarded.
- step S100 an operation flag is acquired in step S100, and when this operation flag is an ON flag, it determines with YES by step S101, and performs starting control of step S102. Therefore, the drive circuit 53 uses the carrier wave Kn having the carrier frequency fpwm1 in the PWM control process. Thereafter, steps S103... S112, S113, S119, S100, S101, and S102 are repeated.
- the control circuit 55 determines YES in step S110 when the measurement time t becomes equal to or longer than the predetermined time, and determines the differential pressure determination information stored in the memory or the measurement time t. Is discarded (step S112). If the measurement time t is less than the predetermined time and the determination is YES in step S111, the control circuit 55 executes the restart control process in step S120.
- the driving device 50 includes the inverter circuit 51.
- the inverter circuit 51 is provided with a pair of switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 connected in series for each phase, and a plurality of pairs of switching elements are connected in parallel between the positive electrode bus 51a and the negative electrode bus 51b.
- the drive circuit 53 turns on the positive bus side switching element of the pair of switching elements for each phase. To turn off the negative electrode bus side switching element. Further, when the voltage command wave VS for each phase is smaller than the carrier wave, the drive circuit 53 turns on the negative bus side switching element and turns off the positive bus side switching element.
- the control circuit 55 causes the inverter circuit 51 to pass through the drive circuit 53 so that a three-phase alternating current that increases the rotational speed of the rotor 13 to a predetermined rotational speed Nc flows from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 when the compression mechanism 11 is started. Control.
- the electric compressor 10 when a large amount of electric power is used in a device such as a traveling motor other than the electric compressor 10, the electric compressor 10 is stopped, or the air conditioner switch 61 is manually operated due to an operation error of the passenger, etc. A scene where the compressor 10 is stopped may be considered.
- the control circuit 55 controls the drive circuit 53 after the compression mechanism 11 is stopped to determine whether or not the refrigerant pressure difference when the compression mechanism 11 is activated again is greater than or equal to the threshold value S1.
- the control circuit 55 determines that the refrigerant pressure difference is equal to or greater than the threshold value S1
- the control circuit 55 determines an initial predetermined value when starting the compression mechanism 11 again compared to when determining that the refrigerant pressure difference is less than the threshold value S1. It is characterized in that the frequency of the carrier wave used in the driving circuit 53 is set to be small in time.
- the unit of the switching elements SW1... SW6 at the initial predetermined time TS when starting again is compared to when the refrigerant pressure difference is less than the threshold value S1.
- the number of switching operations per hour can be reduced.
- the number of times of switching is the number of times the switching elements SW1... SW6 change from one state to the other state between on and off.
- the loss of the switching elements SW1... SW6, the capacitors 52 and 71, and the coil 72 can be reduced when the refrigerant pressure difference is equal to or greater than the threshold value S1.
- the control circuit 55 sets the carrier frequency to fpwm1 (for example, 20 kHz) when the refrigerant pressure difference is less than the threshold value S1.
- the control circuit 55 sets the carrier frequency to fpwm2 (for example, 10 kHz) when the refrigerant pressure difference is not less than the threshold value S1 and less than the threshold value S2.
- the control circuit 55 sets the carrier frequency to fpwm3 (for example, 5 kHz) when the refrigerant pressure difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value S2.
- the loss W of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 decreases as the carrier frequency decreases. For this reason, the loss W can be reduced as the refrigerant pressure difference increases. Therefore, when the refrigerant pressure difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value S2, the loss W is further reduced by increasing the decrease in the carrier frequency compared to when the refrigerant pressure difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value S1 and less than the threshold value S2. be able to.
- the control circuit 55 changes the carrier frequency, but does not change the current value for driving the electric compressor 10. Therefore, even if the refrigerant pressure difference is equal to or greater than the threshold value S1, there is no problem such as insufficient output from the synchronous motor 12 to the compression mechanism 11, and there is no problem in restarting the compression mechanism 11.
- control circuit 55 when the control circuit 55 repeatedly obtains an OFF flag as an operation flag from the electronic control unit 60 and the elapsed time after executing the stop control process of step S106 described above becomes a predetermined time or more, the control circuit 55 sets the memory Initialize the differential pressure flag. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the compression mechanism 11 from being activated in the differential pressure activation mode A or the differential pressure activation mode B in a state where the actual refrigerant pressure difference is small.
- the carrier frequency used in the drive circuit 53 at the time of restarting is set based on the refrigerant pressure difference, and the initial predetermined time for using the set carrier frequency in the drive circuit 53 is based on the refrigerant pressure difference. To set.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing details of the restart control process in step S120 in the compressor control process of the second embodiment.
- the flowchart of FIG. 10 is used as an alternative to the flowchart of FIG. In the steps denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 10 and FIG. 3, the same processing is executed.
- Step S118A in FIG. 10 is used in place of step S118 in FIG.
- Step S119A in FIG. 10 is used in place of step S119 in FIG.
- step S113 When it is determined in step S113 that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag B, the control circuit 55 proceeds to step S119A through step S116 and restarts in the differential pressure activation mode B ′.
- control circuit 55 sets the carrier wave Ka and the voltage command wave VS used for the initial predetermined time when starting again to the drive circuit 53, and sets the carrier wave Ka as the initial predetermined time using the carrier wave Ka.
- An initial predetermined time TSb is set in the drive circuit 53.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the carrier wave Ka instead of the carrier wave Kb with the voltage command wave VS at the initial predetermined time TSb, and the switching circuit SW1, SW2,. Decide whether to turn on.
- control circuit 55 sets the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn in the drive circuit 53.
- the drive circuit 53 determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is to be turned on by comparing the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase.
- step S113 When it is determined in step S113 that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag A, the control circuit 55 proceeds to step S118A through step S115 and restarts in the differential pressure activation mode A ′.
- control circuit 55 sets the carrier wave Ka and the voltage command wave VS used for the initial predetermined time when starting again to the drive circuit 53, and sets the initial predetermined time using the carrier wave Ka as the initial predetermined time.
- the drive circuit 53 determines which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,... SW6 is to be turned on in comparison with the carrier wave Ka and the voltage command wave VS at the initial predetermined time TSa.
- control circuit 55 sets the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn in the drive circuit 53.
- the drive circuit 53 compares the voltage command wave VS and the carrier wave Kn for each phase to determine which of the switching elements SW1, SW2,.
- the initial predetermined time using the carrier wave Ka is set as the predetermined time TSa.
- the control circuit 55 determines that the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag B the initial predetermined time using the carrier wave Ka is set as the predetermined time TSb.
- the predetermined time TSa is set shorter than the predetermined time TSb. For this reason, when the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag B, the predetermined time for using the carrier wave Ka is longer than when the differential pressure flag is the differential pressure flag A. For this reason, as the refrigerant pressure difference increases, the time for using the carrier wave Ka increases. Therefore, the time for reducing the loss W can be lengthened as the refrigerant pressure difference increases.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing details of the restart control process in step S120 during the compressor control process of the third embodiment.
- the flowchart of FIG. 12 is used instead of the flowchart of FIG.
- step S denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 12 and FIG. 3, the same processing is executed.
- FIG. 12 is obtained by adding steps S122, S123, and S124 to FIG.
- control circuit 55 executes the restart control process in any of steps S117, S118, and S119, and then acquires differential pressure determination information indicating the refrigerant pressure difference in step S122.
- differential pressure determination information of the present embodiment a three-phase alternating current detected by the current sensor 57 is used as the differential pressure determination information.
- step S123 a differential pressure flag is set in the memory based on the differential pressure determination information acquired in step S122.
- step S115 or step S116 the electric fan 21, The ventilation process by 41 is performed.
- the electric fan 21 generates a flow of vehicle exterior air that passes through the condenser 20.
- the condenser 20 heat is transferred from the high-pressure refrigerant to the air outside the passenger compartment. For this reason, the pressure of the high-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant discharge port side of the compression mechanism 11 is reduced.
- the electric fan 41 generates a flow of passenger compartment air that passes through the evaporator 40.
- heat is transferred from the passenger compartment air to the low-pressure refrigerant.
- the pressure of the low-pressure refrigerant on the refrigerant inlet side of the compression mechanism 11 increases. Thereby, a refrigerant pressure difference becomes small.
- control circuit 55 controls the pressure reducing valve 30 via the electronic control unit 60, thereby increasing the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant passage between the refrigerant outlet of the condenser 20 and the refrigerant inlet of the evaporator 40. That is, the opening of the pressure reducing valve 30 can be increased to further reduce the refrigerant pressure difference.
- step S124 it is determined whether or not the restart control has been completed. Specifically, the actual rotational speed Na of the rotor 13 is obtained based on the detection value of the voltage sensor 56 and the detection value of the current sensor 57. It is determined whether or not the actual rotational speed Na has reached a predetermined rotational speed Nc. When the actual rotational speed Na is less than the predetermined rotational speed Nc, it is determined that the restart control has not ended and NO is determined in step S124. Accordingly, the process returns to step S113. Therefore, as long as the actual rotation speed Na is less than the predetermined rotation speed Nc, the NO determinations in steps S113 to S119, S122, S123, and step S124 are repeated. For this reason, as long as the actual rotational speed Na is less than the predetermined rotational speed Nc, the differential pressure determination information is repeatedly acquired, and the differential pressure flag set in the memory is updated each time it is acquired.
- step S119 when it is determined that the differential pressure flag set in the memory is the differential pressure flag B in the first step S113 after the restart is started, the rotor 13 is restarted in the differential pressure startup mode B after step S116. Activation control is performed (step S119).
- step S118 when it is determined that the differential pressure flag set in the memory is the differential pressure flag A in the Nth step S113 after the first time, after the step S115, the rotor 13 is turned on in the differential pressure starting mode A. Restart control is performed (step S118).
- step S113 of the Mth time after the Nth time when it is determined that the differential pressure flag set in the memory is the differential pressure flag N, the rotor 13 in the differential pressure starting mode N is passed through step S114.
- the restart control is performed (step S117).
- the carrier frequency changes in the order of fpwm3, fpwm2, and fpwm1, as shown in FIG.
- step S124 the process proceeds to step S103.
- the differential pressure determination information is repeatedly acquired during execution of the restart control process, and the differential pressure flag set in the memory is updated each time this is acquired. For this reason, the carrier frequency used with the drive circuit 53 can be updated with the change of a refrigerant
- the refrigerant pressure difference is reduced by blowing air from the electric fans 21 and 41. Further, the opening of the pressure reducing valve 30 is increased to further reduce the refrigerant pressure difference. For this reason, the torque output from the rotor 13 to the compression mechanism 11 can be reduced. Therefore, the amount of heat generated from the inverter circuit 51 can be reduced.
- FIG. 14 is a flowchart showing compressor control processing according to the fourth embodiment.
- step S107 is arranged between steps S106 and S108.
- the control circuit 55 of the present embodiment is executing the stop control of the rotor 13 in step S106 in step S107, differential pressure determination information is acquired.
- the differential pressure determination information of the present embodiment the temperature of the inverter circuit 51 detected by the temperature sensor 58 is used.
- the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 58 is determined by the heat generated from the inverter circuit 51 when NO is determined in step S105.
- the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 58 is changed by the three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 by the normal control in step S103 immediately before the execution of the stop control in step S106. Therefore, there is a correlation between the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 58 and the torque immediately before the execution of the stop control in step S106.
- the torque immediately before execution of the stop control in step S106 and the refrigerant pressure difference immediately before execution of the stop control in step S106. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure difference can be estimated from the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 58.
- FIG. 15 shows an electric circuit configuration of the driving device 50 of the fifth embodiment. Elements having the same reference numerals in FIG. 15 and FIG. 1 are the same, and the description thereof is omitted.
- a neutral point 14 x of the stator coil 14 of the present embodiment is connected to the ground via a high-voltage power supply 70.
- the capacitor 52 is connected between the positive electrode bus 51a and the negative electrode bus 51b
- the capacitor 52 is replaced with the neutral point 14x of the stator coil 14 and the positive electrode bus 51a. You may connect between.
- FIG. 16 shows an electric circuit configuration of the driving device 50 of the sixth embodiment. Elements with the same reference numerals in FIG. 16 and FIG. 1 are the same, and a description thereof will be omitted.
- the neutral point 14x of the stator coil 14 of the present embodiment is connected to the ground.
- a detection value of a current sensor 57 that detects a three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 may be used as differential pressure determination information.
- the refrigerant pressure difference can be estimated from the three-phase alternating current detected by the current sensor 57.
- a three-phase alternating current for causing the three-phase alternating current detected by the current sensor 57 to approach the current command value Is flows from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil. For this reason, the three-phase alternating current detected by the current sensor 57 becomes a value close to the current command value Is. Therefore, a value close to the three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 can be obtained as the current command value Is. Thereby, the refrigerant pressure difference can be estimated from the current command value Is.
- the refrigerant pressure difference is estimated based on the three-phase alternating current and the current command value Is, and the differential pressure flag is set based on the estimated refrigerant pressure difference.
- control circuit 55 uses the three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14 as the differential pressure determination information as the differential pressure determination information in step S122.
- the temperature of the inverter circuit 51 detected by the temperature sensor 58 may be used as the differential pressure determination information.
- the heat generated from the inverter circuit 51 during execution of the restart control process is changed by the three-phase alternating current flowing from the inverter circuit 51 to the stator coil 14. For this reason, the heat and torque generated from the inverter circuit 51 have a correlation. There is a correlation between the torque and the refrigerant pressure difference. Therefore, the refrigerant pressure difference can be estimated from the temperature of the inverter circuit 51.
- control circuit 55 receives the stator circuit from the inverter circuit 51 at the time of restart.
- the magnitude of the starting current as a three-phase alternating current flowing in the coil 14 may be determined by the refrigerant pressure difference.
- the magnitude of the starting current can be increased as the refrigerant pressure difference becomes larger, and the magnitude of the starting current can be reduced as the refrigerant pressure difference becomes smaller. Therefore, even when the refrigerant pressure difference is small at the time of restart, the amount of heat generated from the switching elements SW1, SW2, SW3, SW4, SW5, SW6, etc. can be reduced.
- stator coil 14 that is star-connected in the synchronous motor 12 is used has been described.
- a delta-connected one may be used as the stator coil 14.
- control circuit 55 has been described with respect to the example in which the determination of steps S101, S105, and S111 is performed using the ON flag or the OFF flag given from the electronic control device 60. Then, it may be as follows. That is, the control circuit 55 may perform the determinations in steps S101, S105, and S111 using the rotation speed command value Nm.
- restart control is performed using the two differential pressure start modes A and B or the two differential pressure start modes A ′ and B ′ has been described. Instead of this, restart control may be performed using one differential pressure start mode.
- the control circuit 55 performs the restart control in step S117 in the start mode N.
- the restart control in step S118 is performed in the differential pressure start mode A.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the control circuit 55 may change the number of times of switching per unit time of the switching elements SW1 to SW6 without using the carrier frequency. That is, the control circuit 55 may change the number of times of switching per unit time of the switching elements SW1... SW6 by a control different from the PWM control process.
- control circuit 55 may mask the vibration sound generated from the inverter circuit 51 by the operation sound generated from the in-vehicle device other than the electric fans 21 and 41.
- the drive device 1 may be applied to a vehicle including a traveling engine other than an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle.
- the control circuit 55 determines the initial predetermined time for using the carrier wave Ka for the drive circuit 53 based on the refrigerant pressure difference.
- the control circuit 55 sets an initial predetermined time during which the carrier wave Kb is used for the drive circuit 53 based on the refrigerant pressure difference.
- Steps S117, S118, S119, S118A, and S119A correspond to the restarting unit.
- Step S113 corresponds to the determination unit, and switching elements SW1, SW2, and SW3 correspond to the positive bus side switching elements.
- the switching elements SW4, SW5, and SW6 correspond to the negative electrode bus side switching elements, and Steps S107 and S122 correspond to the calculation unit.
- Step S106 corresponds to a stop unit
- step S103 corresponds to a normal control unit
- steps S115 and S116 correspond to a masking unit or a pressure control unit.
- the condenser 20 corresponds to the first heat exchanger
- the electric fan 21 corresponds to the in-vehicle device and the first blower
- the evaporator 40 corresponds to the second heat exchanger.
- the electric fan 41 corresponds to the in-vehicle device and the second blower
- the driving device 50 corresponds to the driving unit.
- the current sensor corresponds to the current detection unit
- the temperature sensor 58 corresponds to the temperature detection unit
- the high-voltage power supply 70 corresponds to the DC power supply.
- the differential pressure determination information corresponds to the pressure differential information.
- the memory of the above embodiment is a non-transitional physical storage medium.
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Abstract
Description
複数のスイッチング素子から構成されるインバータ回路と、
複数のスイッチング素子をスイッチングさせることにより、直流電源から出力される直流電圧に基づいてインバータ回路からステータコイルに交流電流を流してステータコイルから回転磁界を発生させる駆動部と、
圧縮機構の停止後に圧縮機構が再び起動する際、圧縮機構の流体吸入口側と流体吐出口側との間の圧力差が所定値以上であるか否かを判定する判定部と、
圧縮機構が再び起動を開始するときの初期の所定時間における複数のスイッチング素子の単位時間あたりのスイッチング回数を設定して、圧縮機構が再び起動するときにロータの回転数を所定回転数まで上昇させる交流電流をインバータ回路からステータコイルに流すように駆動部を制御する再起動部と、を備え、
圧力差が所定値以上であると判定部が判定したときには、圧力差が所定値未満であると判定部が判定したときに比べて、複数のスイッチング素子の単位時間あたりのスイッチング回数を再起動部が少なく設定する。
圧力差が所定値以上であると判定部が判定した場合において、車載装置を動作させる制御を行うマスキング部を備え、
相毎の一対のスイッチング素子がスイッチングする際にキャリア周波数に起因してインバータ回路から振動音が発生するときにマスキング部が車載装置から動作音を発生させるようになっている。
図1に本開示に係る電動圧縮機の駆動装置が適用された冷凍サイクル装置1の第1実施形態を示す。冷凍サイクル装置1は、自動車に搭載された車載冷凍サイクル装置である。本実施形態の自動車は、走行用モータを備える電気自動車やハイブリット自動車である。
上記第1実施形態では、再起動時に駆動回路53に用いるキャリア周波数を冷媒圧力差に基づいて設定した例について説明したが、これに代えて、次のようにする。
上記第1実施形態では、通常制御処理の実行中に差圧判定情報を取得するようにした例について説明したが、これに代えて、再起動制御処理の実行中に差圧判定情報を取得する本第3実施形態について説明する。
上記第1実施形態では、ステップS103の通常制御を実行しているときに、差圧判定情報を取得した例について説明したが、これに代えて、ステップS106の停止制御を実行しているときに差圧判定情報を取得する本第4実施形態について説明する。
上記第1~第4実施形態では、高圧電源70を正極母線51aと負極母線51bとの間に接続した例について説明したが、これに代えて、図15に示すように、高圧電源70をステータコイル14の中性点14xと負極母線51bとの間に接続してもよい。
上記第5実施形態では、高圧電源70をステータコイル14の中性点14xと負極母線51bとの間に接続した例について説明したが、これに代えて、図16に示すように、高圧電源70をステータコイル14の中性点14xと正極母線51aとの間に接続してもよい。
(1)上述の第1実施形態では、ステップS107において、差圧判定情報としては、インバータ回路51の温度を用いた例について説明したが、これに代えて、(a)(b)(c)のようにしてもよい。
Claims (11)
- 同期電動機(12)のステータコイル(14)から発生する回転磁界によりロータ(13)を回転させて、このロータの回転力によって圧縮機構(11)を駆動して流体を圧縮する電動圧縮機(10)の駆動装置であって、
複数のスイッチング素子(SW1、SW2、…SW6)から構成されるインバータ回路(51)と、
前記複数のスイッチング素子をスイッチングさせることにより、直流電源(70)から出力される直流電圧に基づいて前記インバータ回路から前記ステータコイルに交流電流を流して前記ステータコイルから前記回転磁界を発生させる駆動部(53)と、
前記圧縮機構の停止後に前記圧縮機構が再び起動する際、前記圧縮機構の流体吸入口側と流体吐出口側との間の圧力差が所定値以上であるか否かを判定する判定部(S113)と、
前記圧縮機構が再び起動を開始するときの初期の所定時間における前記複数のスイッチング素子の単位時間あたりのスイッチング回数を設定して、前記圧縮機構が再び起動するときに前記ロータの回転数を所定回転数まで上昇させる交流電流を前記インバータ回路から前記ステータコイルに流すように前記駆動部を制御する再起動部(S117、S118、S119、S118A、S119A)と、を備え、
前記圧力差が所定値以上であると前記判定部が判定したときには、前記圧力差が所定値未満であると前記判定部が判定したときに比べて、前記複数のスイッチング素子の単位時間あたりのスイッチング回数を前記再起動部が少なく設定する電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記複数のスイッチング素子は、直列接続された一対のスイッチング素子を相毎に構成することにより、複数対のスイッチング素子を構成し、前記複数対のスイッチング素子は、正極母線(51a)と負極母線(51b)との間にて並列接続されており、
前記再起動部は、前記ロータの回転数を所定回転数まで上昇させる交流電流を前記インバータ回路から前記ステータコイルに流すために、電圧が周期的に変化する前記相毎の電圧指令波を設定し、
前記駆動部は、前記相毎の電圧指令波が、電圧が周期的に変化するキャリア波より大きいときには前記相毎の一対のスイッチング素子のうち正極母線側スイッチング素子(SW1、SW2、SW3)をオンして負極母線側スイッチング素子(SW4、SW5、SW6)をオフし、前記相毎の前記電圧指令波が前記キャリア波より小さいときには前記負極母線側スイッチング素子をオンして前記正極母線側スイッチング素子をオフし、
さらに前記再起動部は、前記キャリア波の周波数であるキャリア周波数を設定することにより、前記複数のスイッチング素子の単位時間あたりのスイッチング回数を設定する請求項1に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記圧力差を示す圧力差情報を求める算出部(S107、S122)を備え、
前記再起動部は、前記所定時間に前記駆動部で用いられる前記キャリア周波数を前記圧力差情報に基づいて設定し、
前記圧力差が大きいほど前記キャリア周波数が低くなるように前記再起動部が前記キャリア周波数を設定する請求項2に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記再起動部は、前記所定時間に前記駆動部で用いられる前記キャリア周波数を前記圧力差情報に基づいて設定するとともに、この設定した前記キャリア周波数を前記駆動部で用いる前記所定時間を前記圧力差情報に基づいて設定し、
前記圧力差が大きいほど前記所定時間が長くなるように前記再起動部が前記所定時間を設定する請求項3に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記圧縮機構を停止させるように前記駆動部を制御する停止部(S106)を備え、
前記算出部は、前記停止部が実行されているとき、前記インバータ回路の温度を検出する温度検出部(58)の検出温度を前記圧力差情報とする請求項3または4に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記算出部は、前記再起動部が実行されているとき、前記インバータ回路の温度を検出する温度検出部(58)の検出値、および前記インバータ回路から前記ステータコイルに流れる交流電流を検出する電流検出部(57)の検出値のうちいずれかを前記圧力差情報とする請求項3または4に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。
- 前記再起動部の実行後に、前記インバータ回路から前記ステータコイルに流れる交流電流を検出する電流検出部(57)の検出値を電流指令値に近づけるように前記駆動部を制御する通常制御部(S103)を備え、
前記算出部は、前記通常制御部が実行されているとき、前記インバータ回路の温度を検出する温度検出部(58)の検出値、前記電流検出部によって検出される検出値、および前記電流指令値のうちいずれかを前記圧力差情報とする請求項3または4に記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記直流電源は、前記正極母線と前記負極母線との間に接続されている請求項2ないし7のいずれか1つに記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。
- 前記直流電源は、スター結線されて中性点(14x)を有する前記ステータコイルの前記中性点と、前記正極母線および前記負極母線のうちいずれか一方の母線との間に接続されている請求項2ないし7のいずれか1つに記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。
- 動作に伴って動作音を発生する車載装置(21、41)を備える自動車に適用され、
前記圧力差が所定値以上であると前記判定部が判定した場合において、前記車載装置を動作させる制御を行うマスキング部(S115、S116)を備え、
前記相毎の前記一対のスイッチング素子がスイッチングする際に前記キャリア周波数に起因して前記電動圧縮機から音が発生するときに前記マスキング部が前記車載装置から動作音を発生させるようになっている請求項1ないし9のいずれか1つに記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。 - 前記流体としての冷媒を圧縮する前記電動圧縮機(10)と、
前記電動圧縮機から吐出される冷媒が車室外空気に放熱する第1熱交換器(20)と、
前記第1熱交換器から流れた冷媒が車室内空気から吸熱する第2熱交換器(40)と、
前記電動圧縮機、前記第1熱交換器、および前記第2熱交換器とともに冷凍サイクルを構成し、前記第1熱交換器の冷媒出口から前記第2熱交換器の冷媒入口に流れる冷媒を減圧する減圧弁(30)と、
前記第1熱交換器を通過する前記車室外空気の空気流を発生させる第1送風機(21)と、
前記第2熱交換器を通過する前記車室内空気の空気流を発生させる第2送風機(41)と、を備える自動車に搭載され、
前記圧力差が所定値以上であると前記判定部が判定した場合において、前記再起動部が前記駆動部を制御する前に、前記第1送風機および前記第2送風機のうち少なくとも1つの送風機を制御して前記第1熱交換器および第2熱交換器のうち前記1つの送風機に対応する熱交換器を通過する空気流を発生させることにより、前記冷媒および前記空気流の間で熱を移動させて前記圧力差を小さくする圧力制御部(S115、S116)を備える請求項1ないし10のいずれか1つに記載の電動圧縮機の駆動装置。
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