WO2017008264A1 - 一种天线、天线系统及基站 - Google Patents

一种天线、天线系统及基站 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017008264A1
WO2017008264A1 PCT/CN2015/084073 CN2015084073W WO2017008264A1 WO 2017008264 A1 WO2017008264 A1 WO 2017008264A1 CN 2015084073 W CN2015084073 W CN 2015084073W WO 2017008264 A1 WO2017008264 A1 WO 2017008264A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
power splitter
output port
power
antennas
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PCT/CN2015/084073
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
冯云
范军
冷舜
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华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/084073 priority Critical patent/WO2017008264A1/zh
Priority to CN201580000262.0A priority patent/CN106716719B/zh
Publication of WO2017008264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017008264A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an antenna, an antenna system, and a base station.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide an antenna, an antenna system, and a base station, which can simplify site design, reduce on-site construction difficulty, and improve network capacity.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna, where the antenna includes a power splitter and an antenna body, and the power splitter and the antenna body share a radome of the antenna;
  • the power splitter includes a first output port and a second output port, the first output port is connected to the antenna body, and the second output port is connected to a first interface on the radome, The two output ports are used to connect to other antennas through the first interface on the radome.
  • the antenna is a passive antenna
  • the power splitter further includes a first input port, and the first input port passes through the radome
  • the second interface is connected to the radio frequency unit, where the radio frequency unit is used for frequency conversion and filtering processing, and the second output port is used for connecting with other passive antennas.
  • the radio frequency unit is an RRU.
  • the antenna is an active antenna, and the antenna further includes a signal processing unit, the signal processing unit, the antenna body, and a power component
  • the power distributor further includes a second input port, the second input port is connected to the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit is configured to perform frequency conversion processing on the signal, and the second output port Used to connect to other passive antennas.
  • the power splitter includes a fixed power splitter, or The power ratio is fixed but the power splitter can be replaced, or the power ratio can be adjusted but the power splitter can not be replaced, or the power ratio can be adjusted and the power splitter can be replaced.
  • the second output The number is at least one pair for connecting to at least one other antenna.
  • the signals transmitted by the power splitter include: a radio frequency signal, a control signal, and a direct current signal.
  • the seventh implementation of the first aspect In one mode, the first interface on the radome is connected to the other antenna through a feeder.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna system, including the antenna according to any one of the first aspect or the first aspect, and the other antenna.
  • the second output port is connected to the other antennas in a star connection or a chain connection.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a base station, comprising the antenna according to any one of the first aspect or the first aspect, or the first embodiment of the second aspect or the second aspect The antenna system described.
  • the antenna includes a power splitter and an antenna body, and the power splitter and the antenna body have a common antenna cover, that is, the power splitter is integrated in the antenna, and the first output port of the power splitter is connected to the antenna main body.
  • the second output of the power splitter is connected to the first interface on the radome.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a prior art antenna and antenna system
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna and an antenna system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna and an antenna system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna and an antenna system according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an antenna and antenna system according to the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna and an antenna system.
  • the base station can simplify the site design, reduce the difficulty of on-site construction, and increase the network capacity.
  • the power splitter is integrated in the antenna, that is, the antenna includes a power splitter and an antenna body, and the power divider and the antenna body share a radome of the antenna, and the power splitter includes a first output port and a second output port.
  • the first output port of the power splitter is connected to the antenna main body, and the second output port of the power splitter is used to connect with other antennas through the first interface on the radome, and when the second output port of the power splitter passes through the radome Sector expansion can be achieved when the first interface is connected to other antennas.
  • the area covered by the antenna is an original sector of the base station, and the area covered by the other antenna is an extended sector of the base station.
  • the antenna may be an active antenna or a passive antenna, and the other antenna may be a passive antenna.
  • the difference between a passive antenna and an active antenna is that the passive antenna requires an external radio unit, the active antenna has a signal processing unit built therein, and the functions of the radio unit and the signal processing unit include frequency conversion processing of the signal, and further may include Filter processing and the like are not limited herein.
  • the antenna provided by the present invention will be specifically described below.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an antenna and an antenna system provided by the present invention when the antenna is a passive antenna.
  • the antenna covering the sector includes an antenna body and a power splitter, and the first output port of the power splitter is connected to the antenna main body, and the second output port of the power splitter
  • the first input port of the power splitter is connected with a pair of interfaces c, d on the radome, and a pair of interfaces c, d on the radome pass the feeder and the radio frequency
  • the units are connected and the radio unit can be an RRU.
  • the power splitter in the antenna is not enabled, and the pair of interfaces a and b connected to the second output port of the power splitter on the radome are not connected to other devices; when the base station is extended to the base station At the same time, one or more passive antennas are added, and a pair of interfaces a and b connected to the second output port of the power splitter are connected to the newly added antenna through the feeder.
  • the number of the second output ports of the power splitter is at least one pair, and each pair of output ports is externally connected with a pair of newly added passive antennas through a pair of interfaces on the radome connected thereto.
  • Each of the pairs of interfaces may be used to respectively connect two antenna elements in the antenna body with orthogonal polarization directions.
  • the integrated power splitter in the antenna may be a fixed power splitter (ie, the power split ratio is fixed and the power splitter is not replaceable), or the power split ratio is fixed but the power splitter can be replaced, or the power split ratio is adjustable but cannot be replaced.
  • the power splitter, or the power ratio is adjustable and the power splitter can be replaced.
  • the integration of non-replaceable power dividers can be understood as being integrated in a soldered or non-pluggable manner.
  • the splitter When the antenna covering the original sector of the base station is integrated with a fixed power splitter (for example, an integrated non-replaceable power splitter with a fixed power ratio of 1:2, the splitter has a pair of first output ports, a pair In the second output port, if the sector of the base station needs to be expanded from a single sector to two sectors according to service requirements, a pair of passive antennas may be added, and the second output port of the power splitter is directly passed.
  • the radome interface is connected to a new passive antenna.
  • the original antenna needs to be replaced, for example, the original antenna is replaced by an integrated system.
  • the antenna of the non-replaceable power splitter with a fixed power ratio of 1:3 (the splitter has a pair of first output ports and two pairs of second output ports) needs to add a pair of passive antennas at this time.
  • the two pairs of second output ports of the power splitter are respectively connected to a pair of passive antennas and a new passive antenna in the original two sectors through two pairs of interfaces of the radome, and the first output of the power splitter The port is connected to the antenna body in the replaced antenna.
  • the power splitter When the antenna covering the original sector of the base station is integrated with a power splitter with a fixed power ratio but a replaceable power splitter (for example, an integrated power splitter with a fixed power ratio of 1:2), the power splitter has a pair.
  • the first output port is a pair of second output ports, if the service needs, the sector of the base station needs to be expanded from a single sector to In the second sector, a pair of passive antennas may be added, and the second output port of the power splitter is directly connected to the newly added passive antenna through the interface of the radome.
  • the power splitter in the original antenna can be replaced, for example, the power splitter in the original antenna is replaced with a replaceable work with a fixed power ratio of 1:3.
  • the splitter (the splitter has a pair of first output ports and two pairs of second output ports), and a pair of passive antennas need to be added at this time, and the two pairs of second output ports of the splitter are respectively passed through the radome
  • the two pairs of interfaces are connected to a pair of passive antennas in the original two sectors and a new passive antenna.
  • the first output port of the power splitter is still connected to the antenna body in the antenna.
  • the power splitter has a pair of first output ports, at least a pair of second output ports
  • you can add a passive antenna adjust the power division ratio of the power divider to 1:2, directly one of the power splitter
  • the second output port is connected to the newly added passive antenna through the interface of the radome.
  • the power division ratio of the power splitter can be adjusted to 1:3.
  • a pair of passive antennas needs to be added, and the power splitter is added.
  • the two pairs of second output ports are respectively connected to a pair of passive antennas and a new passive antenna in the original two sectors through two pairs of interfaces of the radome, and the first output port of the power splitter is still in the antenna
  • the antenna bodies are connected.
  • the power splitter has a pair of first output ports, at least a pair of second output ports
  • you can add a passive antenna adjust the power division ratio of the power divider to 1:2, directly one of the power splitter
  • the second output port is connected to the newly added passive antenna through the interface of the radome.
  • the power splitter is more flexible and has a wider application scenario, and can be used as a preferred embodiment.
  • the signals transmitted on the output branch of the power splitter include, but are not limited to, a radio frequency signal, a control signal, and a direct current signal.
  • the radio frequency unit After the service personnel perform sector expansion on the base station, when the downlink signal enters the radio frequency unit, the radio frequency unit performs frequency conversion processing on the signal, and then inputs the signal to the power splitter in the original antenna, and the signal is input from the power splitter in the original antenna.
  • the shunt is output to the antenna main body of the original antenna and other antennas.
  • the power splitter can combine signals of several antennas and output to the radio frequency unit.
  • the antenna covering the original sector of the base station is a passive antenna
  • the power splitter and the antenna body are integrated in the antenna
  • the first output port of the power splitter is connected to the antenna body in the antenna, and the power splitter is connected.
  • An input port is connected to the radio frequency unit through the interface of the radome.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an antenna and an antenna system provided by the present invention when the antenna is an active antenna.
  • the antenna covering the sector includes an antenna body, a power divider, and a signal processing unit, and the antenna body, the power divider, and the signal processing unit have a common radome, and the power divider
  • the first output port is connected to the antenna main body, and the second output port of the power splitter is connected to the pair of interfaces a and b on the radome, and the first input port of the power splitter is connected to the signal processing unit, and the signal processing unit It may be a radio unit (RU), or the signal processing unit may be a carrier unit (also referred to as a Transmit Receiver Unit, TRU) plus a baseband processing unit.
  • RU radio unit
  • TRU Transmit Receiver Unit
  • the power splitter in the antenna may not be enabled, and the pair of interfaces a and b connected to the second output port of the power splitter on the radome are not connected to other devices; when the base station is extended to the base station At the same time, one or more passive antennas are added, and a pair of interfaces a and b connected to the second output port of the power splitter are connected to the newly added antenna through the feeder.
  • the number of the second output ports of the power splitter is at least one pair, and each pair of output ports is externally connected with a pair of newly added passive antennas through a pair of interfaces on the radome connected thereto.
  • a plurality of TRUs may be included, and each TRU is connected to a part of the antenna elements.
  • the combiner in the downlink direction, the combiner may be used (in the reverse direction, it may be called a splitter).
  • the signals in the same polarization direction are combined, and the combined signals are used as the input of the power divider.
  • the signals of the same polarization direction output from the power splitter can be split by the combiner and input to each corresponding TRU for corresponding processing.
  • the power splitter including multiple input ports may be connected to multiple TRUs, or may be connected to multiple TRUs through multiple power splitters, and then through the combiner (in the reverse direction
  • the so-called splitter combines the signals of the same polarization direction outputted by the plurality of output ports of the power splitter to realize the connection of the active antenna to other antennas.
  • the signals transmitted on the output branch of the power splitter include, but are not limited to, a radio frequency signal, a control signal, and a direct current signal.
  • the signal processing unit After the service personnel perform sector expansion on the base station, when the signal enters the signal processing unit, the signal processing unit performs frequency conversion processing on the signal, and then inputs the signal to the power splitter of the original antenna, and the signal splitter outputs the signal to the power splitter.
  • the signal processing unit and the power splitter can be located in the same module.
  • the antenna covering the original sector of the base station is an active antenna
  • the power splitter, the antenna main body and the signal processing unit are integrated in the antenna
  • the first output port of the power splitter is connected to the antenna main body in the antenna, and the work is performed.
  • the first input port of the splitter is connected to the signal processing unit in the antenna.
  • multiple pairs of newly added antennas may be in parallel relationship (ie, two pairs of newly added antennas are respectively associated with the original The antennas are connected, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3; in addition, multiple pairs of newly added antennas may also be in a series relationship (ie, the first pair of newly added antennas are connected to the original antenna, and the first pair of newly added antennas may also be set.
  • the successful splitter, the second pair of newly added antennas is connected to the first pair of newly added antennas, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • the present invention also provides an antenna system.
  • an antenna and other antennas as described in any of the foregoing embodiments are included in the antenna system.
  • a power splitter is integrated in the antenna, and a first output port of the power splitter is connected to an antenna body of the antenna, and a second output port of the power splitter is connected to other antennas through an interface on the antenna cover of the antenna. The description of the foregoing embodiments is not described herein again.
  • the second output port and the other antennas may be star-connected or chain-connected.
  • the star connection that is, the second output port of the power splitter is directly connected to two or more pairs of newly added antennas through the interface on the radome, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3; the chain connection is the power divider.
  • the second output port is connected to one of the newly added antennas through an interface on the radome, and the newly added antenna is connected to other newly added antennas, as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a base station, which includes the antenna system described in the foregoing embodiment or the antenna described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.
  • a base station which includes the antenna system described in the foregoing embodiment or the antenna described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

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Abstract

本发明实施例公开了一种天线、天线系统及基站，天线内包括功率分配器和天线主体，功率分配器和天线主体共天线的天线罩，功率分配器包括第一输出口和第二输出口，第一输出口与天线主体相连，第二输出口与天线罩上的第一接口相连，第二输出口用于通过天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连。本发明实施例能够简化站点设计，减小现场施工难度，提升网络容量。

Description

一种天线、天线系统及基站 技术领域
本发明实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种天线、天线系统及基站。
背景技术
传统基站，当需要通过新增天线来扩展扇区时，需要新增馈线及功率分配器(以下简称功分器)。如图1所示，当需要将基站的扇区从单扇区扩展为二扇区时，需要通过馈线将1:2功分器分别与射频拉远单元(Remote Radio Unit，RRU)及两副天线相连；当需要将基站的扇区从二扇区扩展为三扇区时，需要通过馈线将1:3功分器分别与RRU及三副天线相连。从图1可以看出，上述扇区扩展方案中，需要通过新增的馈线外接功分器实现，这样会导致站点设计复杂，现场施工难度大。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明实施例提供了一种天线、天线系统及基站，能够简化站点设计，减小现场施工难度，提升网络容量。
第一方面，本发明实施例提供了一种天线，所述天线内包括功率分配器和天线主体，所述功率分配器和天线主体共所述天线的天线罩；
所述功率分配器包括第一输出口和第二输出口，所述第一输出口与所述天线主体相连，所述第二输出口与所述天线罩上的第一接口相连，所述第二输出口用于通过所述天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第一种实施方式中，所述天线为无源天线，所述功率分配器还包括第一输入口，所述第一输入口通过所述天线罩上的第二接口与射频单元相连，所述射频单元用于对信号进行频率变换及滤波处理，所述第二输出口用于与其他无源天线相连。
结合第一方面的第一种实施方式，在第一方面的第二种实施方式中，所述射频单元为RRU。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的第三种实施方式中，所述天线为有源天线，所述天线内还包括信号处理单元，所述信号处理单元与所述天线主体和功率分 配器共罩，所述功率分配器还包括第二输入口，所述第二输入口与所述信号处理单元相连，所述信号处理单元用于对信号进行频率变换处理，所述第二输出口用于与其他无源天线相连。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种、或第二种、或第三种实施方式，在第一方面的第四种实施方式中，所述功率分配器包括固定功分器，或功分比固定但可更换功分器，或功分比可调但不可更换功分器，或功分比可调且可更换功分器。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种、或第二种、或第三种、或第四种实施方式，在第一方面的第五种实施方式中，所述第二输出口的数量为至少一对，用于与至少一副其他天线相连。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种、或第二种、或第三种、或第四种、或第五种实施方式，在第一方面的第六种实施方式中，所述功率分配器传输的信号包括：射频信号、控制信号和直流信号。
结合第一方面，或第一方面的第一种、或第二种、或第三种、或第四种、或第五种、或第六种实施方式，在第一方面的第七种实施方式中，所述天线罩上的第一接口通过馈线与所述其他天线相连。
第二方面，本发明实施例提供了一种天线系统，包括如第一方面或第一方面的任意一种实施方式所述的天线和所述其他天线。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的第一种实施方式方式中，所述第二输出口与所述其他天线为星形连接，或，链式连接。
第三方面，本发明实施例提供了一种基站，包括如第一方面或第一方面的任意一种实施方式所述的天线、或如第二方面或第二方面的第一种实施方式所述的天线系统。
从以上技术方案可以看出，本发明实施例具有以下优点：
本发明实施例中，天线内包括功率分配器和天线主体，功率分配器和天线主体共天线的天线罩，即将功分器集成在天线内，功分器的第一输出口与天线主体相连，功分器的第二输出口与天线罩上的第一接口相连。在对基站的扇区进行扩展时，可以直接将功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连，不用考虑如何接外置的功分器，从而简化了站点设计，减小了现场施工难度，提升了网络容量。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为现有技术天线及天线系统的一个实施例示意图；
图2为本发明天线及天线系统的一个实施例示意图；
图3为本发明天线及天线系统的另一实施例示意图；
图4为本发明天线及天线系统的另一实施例示意图；
图5为本发明天线及天线系统的另一实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
通过图1可知，现有技术在进行扇区扩展时，需要通过馈线外接功分器实现，这样会导致站点设计复杂，现场施工难度大，因而，本发明实施例提供了一种天线、天线系统及基站，能够简化站点设计，减小现场施工难度，提升网络容量。
本发明实施例中，功分器集成在天线内，即天线内包括功分器及天线主体，功分器和天线主体共天线的天线罩，功分器包括第一输出口和第二输出口，功分器的第一输出口与天线主体相连，功分器的第二输出口用于通过天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连，当将功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连时，即可实现扇区扩展。其中，所述天线覆盖的区域为基站的原扇区，所述其他天线覆盖的区域为基站的扩展扇区。上述天线可以是有源天线，也可以是无源天线，上述其他天线可以是无源天线。无源天线与有源天线的区别在于：无源天线需要外接射频单元，有源天线内置了信号处理单元，射频单元及信号处理单元的作用均包括对信号进行频率变换处理，进一步的还可以包括滤波处理等，在此不予限定。下面具体说明本发明提供的天线。
请参阅图2，图2所示为当天线为无源天线时本发明提供的天线及天线系统的一个实施例示意图。当基站只有一个扇区(即单扇区)时，覆盖该扇区的天线内包括天线主体及功分器，功分器的第一输出口和天线主体相连，功分器的第二输出口用于与天线罩上的一对接口a、b相连，功分器的第一输入口与天线罩上的一对接口c、d相连，天线罩上的一对接口c、d通过馈线与射频单元相连，射频单元可以是RRU。当基站只有一个扇区时，天线内的功分器不启用，天线罩上与功分器的第二输出口相连的一对接口a、b不与其他设备相连；当对基站进行扇区扩展时，新增一副或多副无源天线，并将天线罩上与功分器的第二输出口相连的一对接口a、b通过馈线与新增天线相连。其中，功分器的第二输出口的数量至少为一对，每对输出口分别通过与之相连的天线罩上的一对接口外接一副新增的无源天线。其中，每对接口中的每个接口可以用于分别连接天线主体中的两列极化方向正交的天线振子。
其中，天线内集成的功分器可以是固定功分器(即功分比固定且不可更换功分器)，或功分比固定但可更换功分器，或功分比可调但不可更换功分器，或功分比可调且可更换功分器。不可更换功分器的集成可以理解为是采用焊接或不可插拔的方式集成的。
当覆盖基站的原扇区的天线内集成的是固定功分器(例如集成的是功分比固定为1:2的不可更换功分器，该功分器具有一对第一输出口，一对第二输出口)时，如果根据业务需求，需要将基站的扇区从单扇区扩展为二扇区，则可以新增一副无源天线，直接将该功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩的接口与新增的一副无源天线相连。当需要将基站的扇区从二扇区扩展为三扇区时，由于原天线内集成的是功分比固定且不可更换的功分器，则需要更换原天线，例如将原天线更换为集成了功分比固定为1:3的不可更换功分器(该功分器具有一对第一输出口，两对第二输出口)的天线，此时需要再新增一副无源天线，将该功分器的两对第二输出口分别通过天线罩的两对接口与原二扇区中的一副无源天线和新增的一副无源天线相连，该功分器的第一输出口与更换后的天线内的天线主体相连。
当覆盖基站的原扇区的天线内集成的是功分比固定但可更换的功分器(例如集成的是功分比固定为1:2的可更换功分器，该功分器具有一对第一输出口，一对第二输出口)时，如果根据业务需求，需要将基站的扇区从单扇区扩展为 二扇区，则可以新增一副无源天线，直接将该功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩的接口与新增的一副无源天线相连。当将基站的扇区从二扇区扩展为三扇区时，可以更换原天线内的功分器，例如将原天线内的功分器更换为功分比固定为1:3的可更换功分器(该功分器具有一对第一输出口，两对第二输出口)，此时需要再新增一副无源天线，将该功分器的两对第二输出口分别通过天线罩的两对接口与原二扇区中的一副无源天线和新增的一副无源天线相连，该功分器的第一输出口仍与天线内的天线主体相连。
当覆盖基站的原扇区的天线内集成的是功分比可调但不可更换的功分器(该功分器具有一对第一输出口，至少一对第二输出口)时，如果根据业务需求，需要将基站的扇区从单扇区扩展为二扇区，则可以新增一副无源天线，将功分器的功分比调整为1:2，直接将该功分器的一对第二输出口通过天线罩的接口与新增的一副无源天线相连。当将基站的扇区从二扇区扩展为三扇区时，可以将功分器的功分比调整为1:3，此时需要再新增一副无源天线，将该功分器的两对第二输出口分别通过天线罩的两对接口与原二扇区中的一副无源天线和新增的一副无源天线相连，该功分器的第一输出口仍与天线内的天线主体相连。
当覆盖基站的原扇区的天线内集成的是功分比可调且可更换的功分器(该功分器具有一对第一输出口，至少一对第二输出口)时，如果根据业务需求，需要将基站的扇区从单扇区扩展为二扇区，则可以新增一副无源天线，将功分器的功分比调整为1:2，直接将该功分器的一对第二输出口通过天线罩的接口与新增的一副无源天线相连。当将基站的扇区从二扇区扩展为三扇区时，可以将功分器的功分比调整为1:3或将功分器更换成其他具有两对第二输出口的功分器，此时需要再新增一副无源天线，将该功分器的两对第二输出口分别通过天线罩的两对接口与原二扇区中的一副无源天线和新增的一副无源天线相连，该功分器的第一输出口仍与天线内的天线主体相连。这种功分器相较于前面三种功分器，灵活性更强，适用的场景更广，可以作为优选的实施方式。
本实施例中，功分器的输出支路上传输的信号包括但不限于射频信号、控制信号和直流信号。当业务人员对基站进行扇区扩展之后，下行信号进入射频单元时，射频单元对信号进行频率变换处理，之后将信号输入到原天线内的功分器，由原天线内的功分器将信号分路输出到原天线的天线主体及其他天线。 上行时，对应的，功分器可以对几个天线的信号进行合路后输出到射频单元。
本实施例中，覆盖基站的原扇区的天线为无源天线，天线内集成了功分器和天线主体，功分器的第一输出口与天线内的天线主体相连，功分器的第一输入口通过天线罩的接口与射频单元相连，在业务人员对基站的扇区进行扩展时，可以直接将功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩的接口连接至其他天线，无需考虑如何接外置的功分器，简化了站点设计，减小了现场施工难度，提升了网络容量。
请参阅图3，图3所示为当天线为有源天线时本发明提供的天线及天线系统的一个实施例示意图。当基站只有一个扇区(即单扇区)时，覆盖该扇区的天线内包括天线主体、功分器及信号处理单元，天线主体、功分器及信号处理单元共天线罩，功分器的第一输出口和天线主体相连，功分器的第二输出口用于与天线罩上的一对接口a、b相连，功分器的第一输入口与信号处理单元相连，信号处理单元可以是射频单元(Radio Unit，RU)，或者信号处理单元可以是载频单元(也可称为收发信机，Transmission Receiver Unit，TRU)加基带处理单元。当基站只有一个扇区时，天线内的功分器可以不启用，天线罩上与功分器的第二输出口相连的一对接口a、b不外接其他设备；当对基站进行扇区扩展时，新增一副或多副无源天线，并将天线罩上与功分器的第二输出口相连的一对接口a、b通过馈线与新增天线相连。其中，功分器的第二输出口的数量至少为一对，每对输出口分别通过与之相连的天线罩上的一对接口外接一副新增的无源天线。
可选的，在有源天线中，可以包括多个TRU，每个TRU与一部分天线振子相连，在这种情况下，下行方向上，可以通过合路器(在反方向上可称为分路器)先将相同极化方向的信号进行合路，再将合路后的信号作为前述功分器的输入。上行方向上，从功分器输出的相同极化方向的信号可以通过前述合路器进行分路后输入各个相应的TRU进行相应的处理。作为另一种实施方式，也可以通过包括多个输入口的功分器与多个TRU相连，或是，通过多个功分器与多个TRU相连，然后通过合路器(在反方向上可称为分路器)将功分器的多个输出口输出的相同极化方向的信号进行合路，从而实现有源天线与其他天线的相连。
本发明实施例中的其他描述，如功分器的类型，可以参考其他实施例中的 描述，在此不予赘述。
本实施例中，功分器的输出支路上传输的信号包括但不限于射频信号、控制信号和直流信号。当业务人员对基站进行扇区扩展之后，信号进入信号处理单元时，信号处理单元对信号进行频率变换处理，之后将信号输入到原天线的功分器，由功分器将信号分路输出到原天线的天线主体及其他天线。其中，信号处理单元和功分器可以位于同一个模块内。
本实施例中，覆盖基站的原扇区的天线为有源天线，天线内集成了功分器、天线主体及信号处理单元，功分器的第一输出口与天线内的天线主体相连，功分器的第一输入口与天线内的信号处理单元相连，在业务人员对基站的扇区进行扩展时，直接将功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩的接口连接至其他天线，无需考虑如何外接功分器，简化了站点设计，减小了现场施工难度，提升了网络容量。
另外，需要说明的是，以上实施例中，当新增天线有多副(两副及两副以上)时，多副新增天线之间可以是并联关系(即两副新增天线分别与原天线相连)，例如图2、图3所示；另外，多副新增天线之间也可以是串联关系(即第一副新增天线与原天线相连，第一副新增天线内也可以集成功分器，第二副新增天线与第一副新增天线相连)，例如图4、图5所示。
本发明还提供了一种天线系统，可参阅图2至图5，天线系统内包括如前述任意一个实施例所描述的天线及其他天线。所述天线内集成有功分器，功分器的第一输出口与所述天线的天线主体相连，功分器的第二输出口通过天线的天线罩上的接口与其他天线相连，具体可参阅前述实施例的描述，此处不再赘述。
另外，第二输出口与其他天线之间可以为星形连接，也可以为链式连接。星形连接即功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩上的接口直接连接两副或两副以上新增的天线，具体可如图2、图3所示；链式连接即功分器的第二输出口通过天线罩上的接口与其中一副新增的天线连接，该新增的天线再与其他新增的天线连接，具体可如图4、图5所示。
本发明实施例还提供了一种基站，该基站包括前述实施例所描述的天线系统或如前述任意一个实施例所描述的天线，具体可参阅前述实施例的描述，此处不再赘述。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种天线，其特征在于，所述天线内包括功率分配器和天线主体，所述功率分配器和天线主体共所述天线的天线罩；
    所述功率分配器包括第一输出口和第二输出口，所述第一输出口与所述天线主体相连，所述第二输出口与所述天线罩上的第一接口相连，所述第二输出口用于通过所述天线罩上的第一接口与其他天线相连。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线为无源天线，所述功率分配器还包括第一输入口，所述第一输入口通过所述天线罩上的第二接口与射频单元相连，所述射频单元用于对信号进行频率变换及滤波处理，所述第二输出口用于与其他无源天线相连。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的天线，其特征在于，所述射频单元为射频拉远单元RRU。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线为有源天线，所述天线内还包括信号处理单元，所述信号处理单元与所述天线主体和功率分配器共罩，所述功率分配器还包括第二输入口，所述第二输入口与所述信号处理单元相连，所述信号处理单元用于对信号进行频率变换处理，所述第二输出口用于与其他无源天线相连。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任意一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述功率分配器包括固定功分器，或功分比固定但可更换功分器，或功分比可调但不可更换功分器，或功分比可调且可更换功分器。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任意一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述第二输出口的数量为至少一对，用于与至少一副其他天线相连。
  7. 如权利要求1至6任意一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述功率分配器传输的信号包括：射频信号、控制信号和直流信号。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任意一项所述的天线，其特征在于，所述天线罩上的第一接口通过馈线与所述其他天线相连。
  9. 一种天线系统，其特征在于，包括所述如权利要求1至8任意一项所述的天线和所述其他天线。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的天线系统，其特征在于，所述第二输出口与所述 其他天线为星形连接，或，链式连接。
  11. 一种基站，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至8任意一项所述的天线或如权利要求9或10所述的天线系统。
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CN111066200B (zh) * 2017-10-30 2021-11-19 华为技术有限公司 天线、天线组件及基站
US11316257B2 (en) 2017-10-30 2022-04-26 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Antenna, antenna assembly, and base station

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