WO2017000757A1 - 具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机 - Google Patents

具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000757A1
WO2017000757A1 PCT/CN2016/085437 CN2016085437W WO2017000757A1 WO 2017000757 A1 WO2017000757 A1 WO 2017000757A1 CN 2016085437 W CN2016085437 W CN 2016085437W WO 2017000757 A1 WO2017000757 A1 WO 2017000757A1
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Prior art keywords
grinding
separator
rotor
zone
discharge
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PCT/CN2016/085437
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
雷立猛
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广东派勒智能纳米科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017000757A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000757A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/10—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/183—Feeding or discharging devices
    • B02C17/1835—Discharging devices combined with sorting or separating of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/18—Details
    • B02C17/24—Driving mechanisms

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a powder energy-saving technology and a field of industrial equipment with wet nano-grinding separation technology with double separation of exhaust and drainage.
  • the method of human solid-liquid separation treatment has been used for many years.
  • the physical methods include the use of various filter materials with different pore sizes, and the use of adsorption or barrier means to exclude impurities in the liquid.
  • the most important method of adsorption is activated carbon.
  • the blocking method is to pass the liquid through the filter material, so that the bulky impurities cannot pass, thereby obtaining a relatively clean liquid.
  • the physical method also includes a precipitation method, in which an impurity having a small specific gravity is floated on the surface of the water, or an impurity having a large specific gravity is precipitated, and then obtained.
  • the chemical method uses various chemicals to convert impurities in water into substances that are less harmful to the human body, or to concentrate impurities.
  • the volume becomes larger, and the impurities can be removed by filtration.
  • the above-mentioned solid-liquid treatment method can achieve the effect to a certain extent, it is still necessary to pass the multiple times to achieve the cited standard, and the whole process is quite complicated and cumbersome, costly, and inefficient.
  • the prior art cannot realize on-line separation and cleaning, and the supporting equipment is large in size, difficult to install and disassemble, and internal cleaning is also inconvenient.
  • the sand mill also known as the agitating ball mill, is mainly used in the wet grinding field of chemical solid-liquid mixture products and the ultra-fine processing of fine particles with fineness down to the nanometer range. According to the performance, it can be roughly divided into a vertical sand mill, a horizontal sand mill, a basket sand mill, a rod-type nano sand mill, and the like. Its main application The domain can be distinguished by 2000. With the improvement of people's living standards, the lightness, thinness, shortness of 3C products and the application of nano-fineness materials, how to apply ultra-fine grinding technology to the fabrication and dispersion grinding of nano-materials has become an important issue at present.
  • Stirring ball mills are commonly used to grind, mill, and/or disperse solid agglomerated large particulate matter in a carrier medium of a fluid (composed of a dispersant, a plurality of pigment raw material powder particles, a resin, a solvent, a surfactant, etc.).
  • the existing grinding methods mainly include dry method and wet method.
  • the working principle of the wet grinding sander is to use the agitation grinding method.
  • the grinding medium ball is added into the closed grinding chamber, and the material to be processed is in advance with water.
  • the liquid slurry is mixed and sent to the grinding chamber by a circulation pump.
  • the separation system filter is fixed at the end of the discharge pipe, the mesh size of the separation system ensures that the material to be passed can pass smoothly, the grinding ball cannot pass, and then the grinding material is passed through the separation system.
  • the grinding medium is separated to play the role of refining the material. The material flows in from the feed pipe, passes through the closed working chamber and the rotor, and the grinding ball flows out from the discharge pipe, and the work is continuously performed.
  • the screen of the existing sander discharge separation system adopts a gap separation system, which directly separates the material and the grinding medium, which not only has a poor separation effect, but also has a low separation efficiency.
  • Most of them are cylindrical or drum-shaped, and there are generally two kinds of mesh holes formed between the mesh strips, one of which has a rectangular cross section.
  • the mesh mesh has the disadvantage of slow discharge and easy material. The large particles or broken grinding media are blocked; the other is trapezoidal in cross section, and the sieve mesh has a quick discharge, but the disadvantage is that it is easy to wear, resulting in a large cross section of the mesh, and the material particle size is uncontrollable. Moreover, the appearance of the leaking grinding medium is prone to occur, which seriously affects the quality of the product, and thus the service life is short.
  • the present invention provides a super sand mill having a dual separation system that can enhance material separation speed and is less prone to clogging the separator.
  • a super sand mill with a double separation system comprising a horizontally arranged grinding bucket sealed at both ends by an end cap, the grinding bucket is provided with a feeding port, and the rotating spindle is from one end
  • the end cover extends into the grinding barrel, and a grinding zone and a separation zone are formed in the grinding barrel.
  • the grinding zone is provided with a grinding rotor mounted on the rotating main shaft and rotating with the rotating main shaft, and a separating separator is arranged in the separating zone.
  • a vacuum zone is formed in the grinding barrel due to the relative movement of the two sides of the axial gap, and the separator is disposed axially with an exhaust passage connecting the separator discharge chamber and the vacuum zone; and inputting grinding from the inlet port
  • the material in the barrel is ground in the grinding zone by the grinding rotor and then flows to the separator of the separation zone for separation and discharge, bubbles entrained in the material enter the vacuum zone, and bubbles entering the vacuum zone pass through the discharge channel from the exhaust zone. Drain the grinding bucket.
  • one end of the separator is mounted on the other end cover of the grinding barrel, and an axial gap is formed between the separator and the grinding rotor, and relative movement between the separator on both sides of the axial gap and the grinding rotor is formed.
  • the vacuum zone; the discharge chamber of the separator is connected with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe extends out of the other end cover; bubbles entering the vacuum zone enter the discharge cavity from the exhaust passage, and then enter from the discharge cavity.
  • the discharge pipe is discharged from the discharge pipe.
  • the grinding rotor is a plurality of grinding discs or turbine discs which are installed on the rotating main shaft at intervals.
  • the grinding disc or the side of the turbine disc at the end of the rotating main shaft is fixed with a grading wheel hollow rotor, and the separator extends into the shaft.
  • the hollow wheel of the classifying wheel there is an axial gap between the inner end surface of the hollow rotor of the classifying wheel and the end surface of the other end of the separator, and the relative movement of the two end faces on both sides of the axial gap forms the vacuum zone.
  • the grinding rotor is a rod-pin type hollow grinding rotor, and the other end of the separator extends into the inner cavity of the rod-type hollow grinding rotor, and the end surface of the rod-pin hollow grinding rotor inner cavity and the other end surface of the separator There is an axial gap therebetween, and the relative movement of the two end faces on both sides of the axial gap forms the vacuum zone.
  • the grinding rotor is a rod-type hollow grinding rotor
  • one end of the separator is mounted on the rotating main shaft and rotates with the rotating main shaft
  • the separator is disposed in the inner cavity of the rod-pin hollow grinding rotor
  • the separator has an axial gap between the other end cover of the grinding barrel, and the relative movement of the separator on the two sides of the axial gap and the other end cover forms the vacuum zone
  • the rotating main shaft is a hollow shaft, and is separated
  • the discharge chamber of the device communicates with the cavity of the rotating main shaft; the air bubbles entering the vacuum region enter the discharge chamber from the exhaust passage, and then enter the cavity of the rotating main shaft from the discharge chamber to discharge the grinding barrel.
  • the inner end surface of the other end cap of the grinding bucket is provided with a boss, and an end surface of the boss has an axial gap with the other end surface of the separator, and the opposite ends of the two end faces of the axial gap are opposite. Movement creates the vacuum zone.
  • the separator comprises a cylindrical support mounted on the rotating main shaft or the other end cover and a separating sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the support, and the peripheral wall of the separating sleeve is provided with a plurality of separating holes, the bearing a plurality of through holes are arranged in the radial direction, and one end of the support is axially disposed with the discharge chamber, and each of the separation holes is communicated with the discharge chamber through a corresponding through hole; the other end of the support is axially
  • the exhaust passage is opened, and a filter screen is installed on the exhaust passage.
  • the separating sleeve comprises a separating frame sleeved on the support and a separating net sleeved on the outer side of the separating frame, and the separating frame is provided with a plurality of through holes, each through hole communicating with the through hole, the separating net
  • the mesh and the through hole constitute the separation hole; the plurality of through holes are circumferentially evenly distributed on the support, and an angle formed by a central axis of each of the through holes and an axial direction of the support is an acute angle.
  • the separating frame comprises a cylindrical side wall which is sleeved with a separating net and two flanges extending radially inwardly along both ends of the side wall, the through hole is defined in the side wall;
  • the other end of the supporting seat is formed with a step a column, the stepped column passes through an inner ring of one of the flanges, a side of the flange abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped column;
  • the two flanges, the side wall and the support enclose a separation cavity, and the separation cavity communicates with each a through hole and a through hole.
  • a gland is disposed on an outer side of one of the flanges, and the gland is fastened to the stepped column by a bolt, and the gland is provided with an air hole communicating with the exhaust passage.
  • the rotating spindle of the sand mill of the present invention drives the grinding rotor or separates
  • relative motion is generated on both sides of the axial gap to form a vacuum zone.
  • the material is pushed from the grinding zone to the separation zone under the action of centrifugal force, the bubbles in the material enter the vacuum zone, and the bubbles entering the vacuum zone are separated again.
  • the exhaust passage of the device is discharged, thereby speeding up the discharge speed and avoiding the occurrence of material blocking or non-discharging.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first preferred mode of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second preferred mode of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a third preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic enlarged view of the separator of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a development view of a separation net of the separator of the present invention.
  • the super sander with double separation system of the present invention namely a Super Ekman sand mill (IKAmanm Pro), comprising a horizontally arranged grinding bucket 1 sealed at both ends by an end cover 11 is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
  • a feeding port 12 is opened on the barrel, and the rotating main shaft 2 extends from the one end cover into the grinding barrel.
  • the grinding barrel is formed with a grinding zone 13 and a separation zone 14.
  • the grinding zone is arranged to be mounted on the rotating spindle and rotate with the spindle.
  • a rotating grinding rotor 3 a separator 4 provided with a discharge in the separation zone, and a vacuum zone 15 formed by the relative movement of the axial gaps is formed in the grinding bucket, and the separator is disposed in the axial direction to communicate the separator
  • the discharge chamber 41 and the exhaust passage 42 of the vacuum zone the material input into the grinding bucket from the feed inlet is milled in the grinding zone by the grinding rotor, and is separated by the fluid mechanics and centrifugal force to the separator of the separation zone for separation and discharge.
  • the bubbles entrained in the material enter the vacuum zone 15, and the bubbles entering the vacuum zone are discharged from the exhaust passage through the discharge chamber to the grinding bucket; meanwhile, the material flowing into the separation zone is separated from the grinding medium by the separator, and then Minute The discharge chamber of the separator flows out.
  • the material undergoes a continuous strong impact change on the grinding medium through the interaction of the grinding elements such as the rods on the rotor or the turbine disk, and the grinding medium acts on the material; the mixture of the material and the grinding medium passes through the centrifugal force during grinding.
  • the action of the feed pump pressure flows to the separation zone Off-feeding, at the same time, due to the difference in density, as the new material flows into the grinding zone, the mixture of grinding media flows back into the grinding zone in the opposite direction to the centrifugal force, so that the grinding medium forms a cavity in the grinding cavity.
  • the closed internal recirculation ensures that the grinding medium is not concentrated in the separation zone to avoid clogging the separator; at the same time, the bubbles entrained in the material enter the vacuum zone, and the bubbles entering the vacuum zone are discharged from the exhaust passage through the discharge cavity. Grinding the barrel to accelerate the discharge speed can avoid the formation of negative pressure in the grinding barrel, resulting in unsmooth discharge.
  • One end of the separator 4 of the present invention is mounted on the other end cap of the grinding bucket, and the separator has an axial gap with the grinding rotor, and the relative movement between the separator on both sides of the axial gap and the grinding rotor is formed.
  • the vacuum zone when the sander is working, since the separator is fixed on the other end cover and does not rotate, and the grinding rotor is rotated by the rotating main shaft, the relative motion of the separator and the grinding rotor grading wheel zone is generated;
  • the discharge chamber of the middle separator is connected with a discharge pipe 5 which protrudes from the other end cover; bubbles entering the vacuum zone enter the discharge chamber from the exhaust passage, and then enter the discharge pipe from the discharge chamber. And discharge the grinding bucket.
  • the grinding rotor 3 is a plurality of grinding elements such as a plurality of disks or turbine disks that are mounted on the rotating main shaft at intervals, and the grinding disk or the side of the turbine disk at the end of the rotating spindle is fixed.
  • a classifying wheel hollow rotor 30 the separator 4 extending into the hollow wheel of the classifying wheel, and an axial gap between the inner end surface of the hollow wheel of the classifying wheel and the end surface of the other end of the separator, when the sander is working, the grinding disk or the turbine
  • the disk and the like are rotated by the rotating main shaft, and the separator does not rotate, so that a relative movement between the hollow wheel of the classifying wheel and the separator occurs, so that the inner end surface of the hollow rotor of the classifying wheel and the other end surface of the separator form the vacuum zone, and enter
  • the bubbles in the vacuum zone are discharged from the exhaust passage of the separator; at the same time, the material enters the separation zone from the grinding zone through the classifying wheel hollow rotor, and after separating the grinding medium through the separator, the material flows out from the discharge chamber through the discharge pipe on the end cover.
  • the grading wheel hollow rotor can perform preliminary classification on the ground material. According to the rotation speed of the grading wheel, the larger granule material is folded back after passing through the grading wheel hollow rotor. Mill grinding zone again, the smaller material after classifying rotor core bye flows from the separator.
  • the grinding rotor 3 is a rod-pin type hollow grinding rotor, and the other end of the separator extends into the inner cavity 31 of the rod-type hollow grinding rotor, and the rod-pin type hollow grinding rotor inner cavity There is an axial gap between the end surface and the other end surface of the separator, and the rotating main shaft drives the rod-pin type hollow grinding rotor to rotate, and the separator does not rotate, so that the rod-pin type hollow grinding rotor and the separator generate relative motion, thereby making the rod
  • the vacuum zone is formed between the end surface of the inner cavity of the pin-type hollow grinding rotor and the end surface of the other end of the separator, and the bubble entering the vacuum zone is discharged from the exhaust passage 42 of the separator; meanwhile, after the material is separated by the separator 4, the grinding medium is separated.
  • the discharge chamber flows out through the discharge pipe 41 on the end cover.
  • the separator can also be rotated by installing a driving device on the end cover, but the rotation speed of the separator should not be equal to or smaller than the rotation speed of the rotor, preferably the rotation direction of the two. On the contrary, this ensures that the two move relative to each other and form a dynamic separation.
  • the grinding rotor 3 is also a rod-type hollow grinding rotor, but one end of the separator is mounted on the rotating main shaft and rotates with the rotating main shaft, and the separator is disposed on the rod pin type.
  • the separator In the hollow grinding rotor inner cavity 31, the separator has an axial gap with the other end cover of the grinding barrel, and the relative movement of the separator on the two sides of the axial gap and the other end cover forms the vacuum zone;
  • the inner side of the other end cover of the grinding bucket is provided with a boss 16 having an axial gap between the end surface of the boss and the other end surface of the separator; when the sander is in operation, the rotating spindle drives the separator to rotate And the end cap is fixed, so that a relative movement between the separator and the end cap is generated such that the end face of the boss forms the vacuum zone with the other end face of the separator; in this embodiment, the rotation
  • the main shaft 2 is a hollow shaft, and the discharge chamber of the separator communicates with the cavity
  • the material When the material is separated by the separator, the material flows out from the discharge chamber through the cavity of the rotating main shaft, thereby forming a dynamic separation shaft discharge, which greatly improves the separation and grinding efficiency, and also avoids material on the separator surface and/or out.
  • the material is piled up.
  • the separator 4 of the present invention comprises a cylindrical support 43 mounted on the rotating main shaft or the other end cover, and a separating sleeve 44 sleeved on the outer side of the support, and the peripheral wall of the separating sleeve is provided with several separations.
  • a hole 45, a plurality of through holes 46 are radially opened on the support, and one end of the support is axially disposed with the discharge chamber 41, and each of the separation holes is communicated with the discharge chamber through a corresponding through hole;
  • the other end of the support 43 is axially opened with the exhaust passage 42.
  • the exhaust passage is provided with a filter screen 6 for isolating and filtering the grinding medium and materials that do not meet the fineness requirement;
  • a filter screen 6 for isolating and filtering the grinding medium and materials that do not meet the fineness requirement;
  • an exhaust pipe can be arranged on the exhaust pipe, and a screen mesh can be installed on the exhaust pipe.
  • the separator of the super sand mill with double separation system of the invention adopts the split structure of the separation sleeve and the support, is convenient for disassembly and assembly, and is easy to be cleaned or replaced, etc., can prolong the service life of the separator and reduce cost.
  • the separating sleeve 44 includes a separating frame 441 sleeved on the support and a separating net 442 sleeved on the outer side of the separating frame.
  • the separating frame is provided with a plurality of through holes 443, each through hole and the through hole Connected, the mesh 440 of the separation net and the through hole constitute the separation hole, wherein the mesh of the separation net is an inclined strip hole, as shown in FIG. 5, so that when the zirconium bead directly hits the mesh, the ball is not stuck.
  • the ground material flows from the mesh into the separation hole and then flows out from the through hole.
  • the mesh can block the grinding medium in the grinding barrel.
  • the pore size of the mesh can be set according to the fineness of the product, and the entire separation mesh is Independent of a single mesh, the greatest advantage of such a structure is that the operation of the grinding media is substantially separated from the gap separation.
  • the separation gap can be controlled to a minimum of 0.03mm.
  • 0.1mm ultra-fine bead grinding media it can be used for ultra-fine nano grinding and separation of sheet and granular materials, thus avoiding blockage of the sander discharge and making large flow. Nano-scale grinding is achieved.
  • the plurality of through holes 46 are circumferentially evenly distributed on the support, and the central axis of each of the through holes forms an acute angle with the axial direction of the support, and the acute angle is preferably 30° to 60°. This speeds up the discharge and avoids the separator The discharge gap is blocked or the card medium.
  • the separating frame 441 of the present invention comprises a cylindrical side wall 444 which is sleeved with a separating net and two flanges 445 extending radially inwardly of the two ends of the side wall.
  • the through hole is formed in the side wall;
  • Stepped column 446, the stepped column passes through an inner ring of one of the flanges, a side of the flange abuts against the stepped surface of the stepped column;
  • the two flanges, the side wall and the support enclose a separation cavity 447, and is separated
  • the cavity communicates with each of the through hole and the through hole; so that a part of the separation cavity can temporarily store material that is out of reach, so as to ensure that the material does not block the discharge channel, further speeding up the discharge speed;
  • one of the protrusions is
  • a gland 47 is provided on the outer side of the rim, and the gland is fastened by bolts and step posts, which is not only convenient for installation and disa

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Abstract

一种具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机，包括两端通过端盖（11）密封的水平设置的研磨桶（1），研磨桶上开设有进料口（12），旋转主轴（2）从一端端盖伸入研磨桶内，研磨桶内形成有研磨区（13）和分离区（14），研磨区内设置有安装在旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动的研磨转子（3），分离区内设置有出料的分离器（4），分离器与研磨转子或者一端盖之间形成有轴向间隙（15），分离器沿轴向设置有连通分离器出料腔（41）与真空区的排气道（42）。当研磨转子旋转时，轴向间隙因两侧的相对运动形成真空区，促使研磨桶内产生的气泡从排气道排出，加快出料速度。

Description

具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机 技术领域
本发明涉及粉体节能技术及具有排气、排液双重分离作用的湿法纳米研磨分离技术的工业设备领域.
背景技术
人类进行固液分离处理的方式已经有相当多年历史，物理方法包括利用各种孔径大小不同的滤材，利用吸附或阻隔方式，将液体中的杂质排除在外，吸附方式中较重要者为以活性炭进行吸附，阻隔方法则是将液体通过滤材，让体积较大的杂质无法通过，进而获得较为干净的液体。另外，物理方法也包括沉淀法，就是让比重较小的杂质浮于水面捞出，或是比重较大的杂质沉淀于下，进而取得。化学方法则是利用各种化学药品将水中杂质转化为对人体伤害较小的物质，或是将杂质集中，等到杂质集合后，体积变大，便可用过滤法，将杂质去除。上述固、液处理的方式虽然一定程度上能够实现效果，但是还是要再次经过多次才能够达到引用的标准，整个过程相当复杂繁琐，成本昂贵，效率低下。另外，现有技术不能实现在线式分离和清洗，同时配套设备的体积大，安装拆卸困难，内部清理也不方便。
砂磨机自问世以来由于性能优异，在材料超细化和分级领域中赢得了科研者、企业主的美誉，随着新能源、新材料产业异军突起，市场需求量的急速加大，对其性能和品质的要求也日趋严格，加速材料与制造技术绿色化、智能化、可再生循环的进程，特别是欧美等发达国家有着更严格的要求。我国从上个世纪九十年代将德国派勒的湿法研磨技术成功引进国内，促进我国智造产业结构升级和战略调整。
砂磨机又称搅拌球磨机，主要用于化工固液混合体产品的湿法研磨领域和细度低至纳米范围的精细颗粒的超细加工中。根据使用性能大体可分为立式砂磨机、卧式砂磨机、篮式砂磨机、棒销式纳米砂磨机等。其主要应用领 域可以2000年为区分点。随着人们生活水平的提升，3C产品之轻、薄、短小化及纳米细度材料应用之白热化，如何将超细研磨技术应用于纳米材料之制作及分散研磨已成为当下之重要课题。
搅拌球磨机通常用于研磨、碾磨和/或分散流体的承载介质中的固体团聚大颗粒物质(由分散剂，多颗颜料原始物料粉体颗粒，树脂，溶剂，表面活性剂等组成)。现有的研磨方式主要有干法和湿法二种，湿法研磨砂磨机的工作原理是采用搅拌研磨方式，开始工作前在密闭的研磨腔中加入研磨介质球，待加工物料事先与水混合制成液体浆料，靠循环泵输送至研磨腔，转子高速旋转时，带动研磨介质球运动时，带动被称为“球”的研磨介质及被磨物(料浆)做涡流运动，使研磨介质在离心力的作用下沿内筒壁从下向上运动，到达液面时在自身重力的作用下再掉下来。实现对固－液相混合物中固体颗粒的粉碎，此工作过程中转子及其棒销和研磨球与固－液相混合物料间往复挤压、研磨、冲撞粉料，产生强烈的碰撞、摩擦、挤压、剪切作用，磨细固体颗粒，出料管端部固定有分离系统滤网，分离系统网孔尺寸保证被研磨物料能顺利通过，研磨球不能通过，然后通过分离系统将研磨物料和研磨介质实现分离，从而起到细化物料的作用。物料从进料管流入，经过封闭工作腔与转子、研磨球作用，从出料管流出，工作连续进行。现有砂磨机出料分离系统筛网采用间隙式分离系统，其直接分离物料和研磨介质，不仅分离效果较差，而且分离效率较低。大多数呈圆柱形或鼓圆形，其筛网条之间形成的筛孔一般有两种，一种其横截面为矩形，这种筛网的筛孔缺点是出料慢，而且容易被物料中的大颗粒或破碎的研磨介质堵塞；另一种其横截面为梯形，这种筛网的筛孔出料快，但缺点是易磨损，导致筛孔截面变大，物料粒径不可控，且容易出现漏研磨介质现像，严重影响产品品质，因此使用寿命短。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题，本发明提供一种可增强物料分离速度,且不易堵塞分离器的具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案为：具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机，包括两端通过端盖密封的水平设置的研磨桶，研磨桶上开设有进料口，旋转主轴从一端端盖伸入研磨桶内，研磨桶内形成有研磨区和分离区，研磨区内设置有安装在旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动的研磨转子，分离区内设置有出料的分离器，研磨桶内形成有因轴向间隙两侧相对运动产生的真空区，所述分离器沿轴向设置有连通该分离器出料腔与所述真空区的排气道；从进料口输入研磨桶内的物料在研磨区经研磨转子研磨后流向分离区的分离器进行分离出料时，物料中夹带的气泡进入所述真空区，进入真空区的气泡从所述排气道经出料腔排出研磨桶。
作为优选，所述分离器的一端安装在研磨桶另一端端盖上，分离器与研磨转子之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与研磨转子之间产生的相对运动形成所述真空区；分离器的出料腔连接有出料管，该出料管伸出所述另一端端盖；进入真空区的气泡从排气道进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入出料管而排出研磨桶。
进一步地，所述研磨转子为间隔安装在所述旋转主轴上的数个碾磨盘或涡轮盘，旋转主轴末端的碾磨盘或涡轮盘侧面固设有分级轮空心转子，所述分离器伸入该分级轮空心转子内，分级轮空心转子内端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
进一步地，所述研磨转子为棒销式空心研磨转子，所述分离器另一端伸入该棒销式空心研磨转子的内腔，棒销式空心研磨转子内腔端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
作为优选，所述研磨转子为棒销式空心研磨转子，所述分离器的一端安装在所述旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动，该分离器设置于棒销式空心研磨转子内腔内，该分离器与研磨桶另一端端盖之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与另一端端盖产生的相对运动形成所述真空区；所述旋转主轴为空心轴，分离器的出料腔连通该旋转主轴的空腔；进入真空区的气泡从排气道进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入旋转主轴的空腔而排出研磨桶。
作为优选，研磨桶所述另一端端盖内侧面设置有凸台，该凸台的端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
作为优选，所述分离器包括安装在所述旋转主轴或另一端端盖上的柱形支座和套设在该支座外侧的分离套，分离套周壁开设有数个分离孔，所述支座上沿径向开设有数个过料孔，支座一端沿轴向设置有所述出料腔，每一分离孔通过对应的过料孔与出料腔连通；所述支座另一端沿轴向开设有所述排气道，排气道上安装有过滤筛网。
作为优选，所述分离套包括套设在支座上的分离架和套设在分离架外侧的分离网，分离架上开设有数个通孔，每一通孔与所述过料孔连通，分离网的网孔与所述通孔组成所述分离孔；所述数个过料孔周向均布于支座上，每一过料孔的中心轴线与支座的轴线方向形成的夹角为锐角。
作为优选，所述分离架包括套设分离网的柱形侧壁和沿侧壁两端向内径向延伸的两凸缘，侧壁上开设所述通孔；支座所述另一端成型有台阶柱，台阶柱穿过其中一凸缘的内环，该凸缘的一侧面抵靠在台阶柱的台阶面上；所述两凸缘、侧壁和支座围成分离腔，分离腔连通每一所述通孔和过料孔。
作为优选，在所述其中一凸缘外侧设有压盖，所述压盖通过螺栓与台阶柱紧固，压盖上开设有与所述排气道相通的气孔。
从以上技术方案可知，本发明的砂磨机的旋转主轴带动研磨转子或分离 器旋转时，在轴向间隙两侧产生相对运动，从而形成真空区，物料在离心力的作用下从研磨区推动到分离区时，物料内的气泡进入真空区，进入真空区的气泡再从分离器排气道排出，从而加快出料速度，避免堵料或不出料现象发生。
附图说明
图1是本发明第一种优选方式的结构示意图。
图2是本发明第二种优选方式的结构示意图。
图3是本发明第三种优选方式的结构示意图。
图4是本发明的分离器放大结构示意图。
图5是本发明分离器的分离网展开图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图详细介绍本发明的具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机，即超级埃克曼砂磨机(IKAmanm Pro)，其包括两端通过端盖11密封的水平设置的研磨桶1，研磨桶上开设有进料口12，旋转主轴2从一端端盖伸入研磨桶内，研磨桶内形成有研磨区13和分离区14，研磨区内设置有安装在旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动的研磨转子3，分离区内设置有出料的分离器4，研磨桶内形成有因轴向间隙两侧相对运动产生的真空区15，所述分离器沿轴向设置有连通该分离器出料腔41与所述真空区的排气道42；从进料口输入研磨桶内的物料在研磨区经研磨转子碾磨后受流体力学和离心力影响流向分离区的分离器进行分离出料时，物料中所夹带的气泡进入所述真空区15，进入真空区的气泡从所述排气道经出料腔排出研磨桶；同时，流入分离区的物料经过分离器分离研磨介质后，从分离器的出料腔流出。
在实施过程中，物料通过转子上的棒钉或涡轮盘等碾磨元件的相互作用对研磨介质产生连续的强烈的撞击变化，研磨介质再作用于物料；研磨时物料和研磨介质的混合物通过离心力和进料泵压力的作用流向分离区进行分 离出料，同时，由于密度的不同，随着新物料流进研磨区，研磨介质的混合物沿着与离心力相反的方向流动折返再次传送进入研磨区，如此，研磨介质在研磨腔内形成了一个封闭的内部再循环，保证研磨介质不过量集中在分离区，避免堵塞分离器；同时，物料中夹带的气泡进入真空带区，进入真空带区的气泡从所述排气道经出料腔排出研磨桶，加速出料速度，可避免研磨桶内形成负压，导致出料不顺畅等。
本发明的分离器4的一端安装在研磨桶另一端端盖上，分离器与研磨转子之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与研磨转子之间产生的相对运动形成所述真空区；在砂磨机工作时，由于分离器固定在另一端端盖上不转动，而研磨转子由旋转主轴带动旋转，从而使得分离器与研磨转子分级轮区产生相对运动；在实施过程中分离器的出料腔连接有出料管5，该出料管伸出所述另一端端盖；进入真空区的气泡从排气道进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入出料管而排出研磨桶。
如图1，作为第一种优选方式，研磨转子3为间隔安装在所述旋转主轴上的数个数个盘或涡轮盘等碾磨元件，旋转主轴末端的碾磨盘或涡轮盘侧面固设有分级轮空心转子30，所述分离器4伸入该分级轮空心转子内，分级轮空心转子内端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，在砂磨机工作时，碾磨盘或涡轮盘等元件通过旋转主轴带动旋转，而分离器不转动，因此分级轮空心转子与分离器之间产生相对运动，进而使得分级轮空心转子内端面与分离器另一端端面形成所述真空区，进入真空区的气泡从分离器的排气道排出；同时，物料从研磨区经分级轮空心转子进入分离区，再经分离器分离研磨介质后，从出料腔经端盖上的出料管流出，分级轮空心转子可对研磨后的物料进行初步分级分离，根据分级轮的转速，较大颗粒的物料经过分级轮空心转子后折返至研磨区再次研磨，较小颗粒的物料经过分级轮空心转子后从分离器流出。
如图2，作为第二种优选方式，研磨转子3为棒销式空心研磨转子，所述分离器另一端伸入该棒销式空心研磨转子的内腔31，棒销式空心研磨转子内腔端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，旋转主轴带动棒销式空心研磨转子转动，而分离器不转动，因此棒销式空心研磨转子与分离器之间产生相对运动，进而使得棒销式空心研磨转子内腔端面与分离器另一端端面之间产形成所述真空区，进入真空区的气泡从分离器的排气道42排出；同时，物料经分离器4分离研磨介质后，从出料腔经端盖上的出料管41流出。作为第一、二种方式的改进方式，也可通过在端盖上安装驱动装置带动分离器旋转，但分离器的旋转速度不应当等于或小于转子的旋转速度，最好是两者的旋转方向相反，这样可保证两者产生相对运动，形成动态分离。
如图3，作为第三种优选方式，研磨转子3同样是棒销式空心研磨转子，但分离器的一端安装在所述旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动，该分离器设置于棒销式空心研磨转子内腔31内，该分离器与研磨桶另一端端盖之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与另一端端盖产生的相对运动形成所述真空区；具体来说，研磨桶所述另一端端盖内侧面设置有凸台16，该凸台的端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙；在砂磨机工作时，旋转主轴带动分离器旋转，而端盖是固定不动的，因此分离器与端盖之间产生相对运动，从而使得凸台的端面与分离器另一端端面形成所述真空区；在这种实施方式中，所述旋转主轴2为空心轴，分离器的出料腔连通该旋转主轴的空腔21；进入真空区的气泡从排气道42进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入旋转主轴的空腔而排出研磨桶；同时，物料经分离器分离研磨介质后，从出料腔经旋转主轴的空腔流出，从而形成动态分离轴出料，大大提高分离和研磨效率，同时也避免物料在分离器表面和/或出料处堆积。
如图4，本发明的分离器4包括安装在所述旋转主轴或另一端端盖上的柱形支座43和套设在该支座外侧的分离套44，分离套周壁开设有数个分离 孔45，所述支座上沿径向开设有数个过料孔46，支座一端沿轴向设置有所述出料腔41，每一分离孔通过对应的过料孔与出料腔连通；所述支座43另一端沿轴向开设有所述排气道42，排气道上安装有过滤筛网6，筛网用于隔离过滤研磨介质和未达到细度要求的物料；作为另一种方式，可在排气道上设置排气管，再在排气管上安装筛网。当转子旋转时，研磨桶内的轴向间隙两侧相对运动形成真空区，当物料在离心力和进料泵推力的作用下从研磨区推动到分离区时，物料由于在研磨桶内搅拌时所产生的气泡进入真空区，可使产品内所带的气泡从排气道排出，从而加速出料，避免研磨桶内负压所造成的堵料或卡分离系统现象。研磨桶内的物料通过桶内的研磨介质研磨后，物料和研磨介质从研磨区聚集在分离区，经研磨的物料从分离孔经过料孔进入出料腔，然后从出料管或主轴空腔流出；本发明的具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机的分离器采用分离套和支座的分体式结构，便于拆卸和装配，且便于清洗或更换等，可延长分离器的使用寿命，并降低成本。
作为优选，所述分离套44包括套设在支座上的分离架441和套设在分离架外侧的分离网442，分离架上开设有数个通孔443，每一通孔与所述过料孔连通，分离网的网孔440与所述通孔组成所述分离孔，其中分离网的网孔为倾斜的条形孔，如图5，这样当锆珠直面撞击网孔时不会卡球，提高分离效率。经研磨的物料从网孔流入分离孔，再从过料孔流出，网孔可将研磨介质阻挡在研磨桶内，网孔的孔径可根据产品的细度设定，并且整个分离网网孔为独立单个网孔，此种结构的最大优势在于研磨介质的运行基本脱离缝隙分离。分离网间隙最小可控制在0.03mm,使用0.1mm超细微珠研磨介质，可针对片状和颗粒状材料的超细纳米研磨和分离，从而避免了砂磨机出料处的堵塞，使得大流量、纳米级研磨得以实现。在实施过程中，所述数个过料孔46周向均布于支座上，每一过料孔的中心轴线与支座的轴线方向形成的夹角为锐角，锐角以30°至60°为佳，这样可加快出料速度,避免分离器 出料间隙堵塞或卡介质。
本发明的分离架441包括套设分离网的柱形侧壁444和沿侧壁两端向内径向延伸的两凸缘445，侧壁上开设所述通孔；支座所述另一端成型有台阶柱446，台阶柱穿过其中一凸缘的内环，该凸缘的一侧面抵靠在台阶柱的台阶面上；所述两凸缘、侧壁和支座围成分离腔447，分离腔连通每一所述通孔和过料孔；这样分离腔内可暂存一部分来不及流出的物料，保证物料不至于堵塞出料通道，进一步加快出料速度；作为优选，在所述其中一凸缘外侧设有压盖47，所述压盖通过螺栓与台阶柱紧固，不仅便于安装和拆卸，而且连接牢固，压盖上开设有与所述排气道相通的气孔471，可使气泡从气孔流入排气道。
上述实施方式仅供说明本发明之用，而并非是对本发明的限制，有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的情况下，还可以作出各种变化和变型，因此所有等同的技术方案也应属于本发明的范畴。

Claims (10)

  1. 具有双重分离系统的超级砂磨机，包括两端通过端盖密封的水平设置的研磨桶，研磨桶上开设有进料口，旋转主轴从一端端盖伸入研磨桶内，研磨桶内形成有研磨区和分离区，研磨区内设置有安装在旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动的研磨转子，分离区内设置有出料的分离器，其特征在于：研磨桶内形成有因轴向间隙两侧相对运动产生的真空区，所述分离器沿轴向设置有连通该分离器出料腔与所述真空区的排气道；从进料口输入研磨桶内的物料在研磨区经研磨转子研磨后流向分离区的分离器进行分离出料时，物料中夹带的气泡进入所述真空区，进入真空区的气泡从所述排气道经出料腔排出研磨桶。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述分离器的一端安装在研磨桶另一端端盖上，分离器与研磨转子之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与研磨转子之间产生的相对运动形成所述真空区；分离器的出料腔连接有出料管，该出料管伸出所述另一端端盖；进入真空区的气泡从排气道进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入出料管而排出研磨桶。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述研磨转子为间隔安装在所述旋转主轴上的数个碾磨盘或涡轮盘，旋转主轴末端的碾磨盘或涡轮盘侧面固设有分级轮空心转子，所述分离器伸入该分级轮空心转子内，分级轮空心转子内端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述研磨转子为棒销式空心研磨转子，所述分离器另一端伸入该棒销式空心研磨转子的内腔，棒销式空心研磨转子内腔端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述研磨转子为棒销式空心研磨转子，所述分离器的一端安装在所述旋转主轴上且随该旋转主轴转动，该分离器设置于棒销式空心研磨转子内腔内，该分离器与研磨桶另一端端盖之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的分离器与另一端端盖产生的相对运动 形成所述真空区；所述旋转主轴为空心轴，分离器的出料腔连通该旋转主轴的空腔；进入真空区的气泡从排气道进入出料腔，再从出料腔进入旋转主轴的空腔而排出研磨桶。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述砂磨机，其特征在于：研磨桶所述另一端端盖内侧面设置有凸台，该凸台的端面与分离器另一端端面之间具有轴向间隙，该轴向间隙两侧的两所述端面产生的相对运动形成所述真空区。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任意一项所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述分离器包括安装在所述旋转主轴或另一端端盖上的柱形支座和套设在该支座外侧的分离套，分离套周壁开设有数个分离孔，所述支座上沿径向开设有数个过料孔，支座一端沿轴向设置有所述出料腔，每一分离孔通过对应的过料孔与出料腔连通；所述支座另一端沿轴向开设有所述排气道，排气道上安装有过滤筛网。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述分离套包括套设在支座上的分离架和套设在分离架外侧的分离网，分离架上开设有数个通孔，每一通孔与所述过料孔连通，分离网的网孔与所述通孔组成所述分离孔；所述数个过料孔周向均布于支座上，每一过料孔的中心轴线与支座的轴线方向形成的夹角为锐角。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述砂磨机，其特征在于：所述分离架包括套设分离网的柱形侧壁和沿侧壁两端向内径向延伸的两凸缘，侧壁上开设所述通孔；支座所述另一端成型有台阶柱，台阶柱穿过其中一凸缘的内环，该凸缘的一侧面抵靠在台阶柱的台阶面上；所述两凸缘、侧壁和支座围成分离腔，分离腔连通每一所述通孔和过料孔。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述砂磨机，其特征在于：在所述其中一凸缘外侧设有压盖，所述压盖通过螺栓与台阶柱紧固，压盖上开设有与所述排气道相通的气孔。
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CN117696187A (zh) * 2024-01-20 2024-03-15 东莞市琅菱机械有限公司 一种筛网外置的砂磨机

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