WO2017000602A1 - 铝合金及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

铝合金及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017000602A1
WO2017000602A1 PCT/CN2016/077689 CN2016077689W WO2017000602A1 WO 2017000602 A1 WO2017000602 A1 WO 2017000602A1 CN 2016077689 W CN2016077689 W CN 2016077689W WO 2017000602 A1 WO2017000602 A1 WO 2017000602A1
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aluminum alloy
present disclosure
aluminum
thermal conductivity
weight
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PCT/CN2016/077689
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English (en)
French (fr)
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李运春
张法亮
文丹华
张春萌
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比亚迪股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017000602A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000602A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an aluminum alloy and a method and application thereof.
  • Die-casting aluminum alloys are widely used in communications, home appliances, hardware, power tools, toys, door trims, etc. With the deep research on the heat dissipation of integrated circuits in the industry, especially in the electronics industry, the heating disk in the automotive and home appliance industries Improvements in requirements such as heat sinks, and in recent years, electronic and electrical products such as PCs have become faster and smaller. The materials used at present are difficult to meet the practical requirements of products, and the development of high-strength heat-conducting die-cast aluminum alloy materials has become a development trend.
  • the strength and thermal conductivity of the cast aluminum alloy are improved, and the die-casting process with lower processing cost is replaced by the extrusion molding process for processing cost, and the aluminum alloy casting with good strength, good thermal conductivity and low cost is increasingly used in the industry. need.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to provide an aluminum alloy having good casting properties, excellent mechanical properties, and high thermal conductivity.
  • the present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy containing 4 to 7 wt% of Si, 1 to 4 wt% of Mg, and 0.2 to 0.8 wt% of Cr. 0.2-0.7% by weight of Fe, at least one of 0.1-0.4% by weight of Ti and Er, and 86.8-94.5% by weight of aluminum.
  • the aluminum alloy contains 5-6 wt% Si; 1-3 wt% Mg; 0.3-0.5 wt% Cr; 0.2-0.5 wt% Fe; at least 0.2-0.3 wt% of Fe Ti and Er, and 89.4-93.3 wt% aluminum.
  • the present disclosure provides a method of preparing an aluminum alloy, the method comprising: melting an aluminum alloy material, and cooling to obtain an aluminum alloy, wherein the composition of the aluminum alloy material is such that the obtained aluminum
  • the alloy is an aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides the use of the aluminum alloy as a thermally conductive structural material.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure have obtained a reasonable set of aluminum alloy element ratios through a large number of experimental experiments, the ratio of aluminum
  • the alloy can achieve a yield strength of more than 200 MPa and a thermal conductivity of 120 W/(m ⁇ k) or more.
  • magnesium silicon plays a major strengthening role; the addition of iron is mainly convenient for aluminum alloy molding release; the addition of chromium neutralizes the segregation and precipitation of the grain boundary of excess silicon, which increases the plasticity of the alloy and reduces the silicon in the aluminum.
  • the solid solubility increases the fluidity of the alloy and reduces the generation of impurity pores, thereby improving the thermal conductivity of the alloy.
  • the addition of titanium is mainly to refine the grains and improve the distribution of impurities in the alloy, thereby improving the strength and heat. Conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure is suitable as a structural material that requires high thermal conductivity, particularly as a structural member of an electronic product.
  • the present disclosure provides an aluminum alloy, wherein the aluminum alloy contains 4-7 wt% of Si, 1-4 wt% of Mg, 0.2-0.8 wt% of Cr, 0.2-0.7 wt% of Fe, at least one 0.1-0.4% by weight of Ti and Er, and 86.8-94.5% by weight of aluminum.
  • the aluminum alloy contains 5-6 wt% of Si; 1-3 wt% of Mg; 0.3-0.5 wt% of Cr; 0.2- 0.5% by weight of Fe; at least one of 0.2-0.3% by weight of Ti and Er, and 89.4-93.3% by weight of aluminum.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present disclosure further contains less than 0.3% by weight of impurities.
  • the impurities are inevitable impurities in the preparation of the aluminum alloy.
  • the impurity means: an element having an content of less than 0.05% by weight in the aluminum alloy; alternatively, in the aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure, the total content of the impurities is less than 0.3% by weight.
  • the impurities which are protected in the aluminum alloy provided in the present disclosure may be, for example, a metal element such as Ni.
  • the aluminum alloy raw material may be sequentially smelted and cast, wherein the composition of the aluminum alloy raw material is such that the obtained aluminum alloy is the disclosed aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the present disclosure not only has good casting performance, but also has a yield strength of 200 MPa or more, for example, between 200 and 220 MPa, and the tensile strength can reach 265 MPa or more, for example, between 265 and 325 MPa, and the elongation can be It is more than 1.8%, for example, between 1.8 and 2.9%; and has excellent thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity can reach 120 W/(m ⁇ K) or more, for example, between 123-140 W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the aluminum alloy of the present disclosure is particularly suitable as a thermally conductive structural material, such as structural members of various electronic products.
  • Embodiments 1-7 are used to illustrate the present disclosure
  • Aluminum alloy raw materials were prepared according to the composition of Table 1.
  • the aluminum alloy raw material was smelted into an ingot, and the obtained ingot was subjected to metal casting on a 160T cold die casting machine to obtain a die-cast body of the aluminum alloy of the present disclosure.
  • the melting temperature is 690 ° C
  • the injection speed is 2 m / s
  • the mold temperature is 200 ° C
  • the casting is a 1.5 mm ⁇ 12.5 mm ⁇ 80 mm aluminum alloy tensile test piece and a thermal conductivity of 12.7 ⁇ 3 mm in diameter. Sample piece.
  • a die cast of an aluminum alloy was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the aluminum alloy raw material was prepared in accordance with the composition of Table 1.
  • a die cast of an aluminum alloy was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the aluminum alloy raw material was prepared in accordance with the composition of Table 1.
  • Example 4 7 1 0.6 0.6 ⁇ 0.2 ⁇ ⁇ Example 5 4 1 0.2 0.2 0.1 Example 6 7 4 0.8 0.7 0.4 Example 7 5 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 Comparative example 1 10.5 0.2 ⁇ 0.8 ⁇ ⁇ 1.6 ⁇ Comparative example 2 8 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ Comparative example 3 5 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 ⁇ 0.6 0.1
  • Each ratio in Table 1 is in weight percent.
  • the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the weight of the single impurity element is less than 0.05% by weight; and the total weight of the impurity element is less than 0.3% by weight.
  • Example 1 210 320 2.73 140
  • Example 4 201 275 1.9 123
  • Example 5 200 266 2.9
  • Example 6 220 324 1.8
  • Example 7 213 320 2.7 139 Comparative example 1 165 268 3.6 96 Comparative example 2 202 267 1.37 100 Comparative example 3 207 259 1.78 103
  • Comparative Example 1 is the most common mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of die-cast aluminum alloy ADC12.
  • the plasticity is better under die-casting conditions, the elongation is more than 3%, the yield strength is low, only 165 MPa, thermal conductivity.
  • the rate performance is generally lower than 100W/(m ⁇ k); while the die-casting aluminum alloy of the present disclosure has a significant improvement in strength properties, and the yield strength reaches 200 Mpa or more.
  • Tensile strength of more than 265Mpa, and elongation of more than 1.8%, can meet the plasticity requirements of most die-casting products, while the thermal conductivity is also above 120W / (m ⁇ k), compared with ADC12 has a larger range Upgrade.
  • Comparative Example 2 embodies that if the silicon-magnesium is too high, it tends to segregate at the grain boundary to form a brittle phase, and at the same time interfere with the heat transfer effect of electrons, resulting in a significant decrease in plasticity and a decrease in thermal conductivity.
  • copper-zinc was added to the alloy, and the yield strength reached 207 MPa, but the plasticity decreased, the thermal conductivity decreased, and the solid-melting degree of copper-zinc in aluminum was large, causing lattice distortion of the aluminum matrix and lowering the thermal conductivity of the alloy. At the same time, the addition of copper and zinc significantly reduces the corrosion resistance of the alloy.

Abstract

公开了一种铝合金及其制备方法和应用，该铝合金含有4-7重量％的Si，1-4重量％的Mg，0.2-0.8重量％的Cr，0.2-0.7重量％的Fe，至少一种的0.1-0.4重量％的Ti和Er，0.3重量％以下的杂质，以及86.8-94.5重量％的铝。

Description

铝合金及其制备方法和应用
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请主张在2015年6月30日在中国提交的中国专利申请号No.201510374801.9的优先权，其全部内容通过引用包含于此。
技术领域
本公开涉及一种铝合金及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
压铸铝合金广泛应用于通讯、家电、五金、电动工具、玩具、门饰等领域，随着现在行业特别是电子行业中对集成电路的散热问题的研究的深入、汽车及家电行业中对发热盘、散热器等要求的提高，以及近年来PC等电子电器产品趋向高速化、小型化，目前所用材料已经难以满足产品的实际使用要求，研发高强导热的压铸铝合金材料成为一种发展趋势。
因此提升铸造铝合金的强度及热导率，实现加工成本较低的压铸工艺代替加工成本加工的挤压成型工艺，获得强度好，导热性能好，成本低廉的铝合金铸件越来越为行业所需要。
发明内容
本公开的目的在于提供一种具备良好铸造性能，优异力学性能，同时还具备高导热率的铝合金。
为了实现上述目的，根据本公开的第一个方面，本公开提供了一种铝合金，该铝合金含有4-7重量％的Si，1-4重量％的Mg，0.2-0.8重量％的Cr，0.2-0.7重量％的Fe，至少一种的0.1-0.4重量％的Ti和Er，以及86.8-94.5重量％的铝。
可选地，该铝合金含有5-6重量％的Si；1-3重量％的Mg；0.3-0.5重量％的Cr；0.2-0.5重量％的Fe；至少一种的0.2-0.3重量％的Ti和Er，以及89.4-93.3重量％的铝。
根据本公开的第二个方面，本公开提供了一种制备铝合金的方法，该方法包括将铝合金原料进行熔炼，冷却后得到铝合金，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为本公开提供的铝合金。
根据本公开的第三个方面，本公开提供了所述铝合金作为导热结构材料的应用。
本公开的发明人通过大量的实验尝试，得出了一组合理的铝合金元素配比，该配比的铝 合金能达到了200Mpa以上的屈服强度和120W/(m·k)以上的热导率。其中，镁硅在其中起主要强化作用；铁的添加主要方便铝合金成型脱模；铬的添加中和了过剩硅的晶界的偏聚析出，增加了合金塑性，同时减少了硅在铝中的固熔度，增加了合金的流动性，减少杂质气孔的产生，从而改善了合金的导热性能；钛的添加主要是细化晶粒，改善杂质在合金中的分布形态，从而提升强度和热导率。
本公开提供的铝合金适于作为对导热性能要求较高的结构材料，特别是作为电子产品的结构件。
本公开的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
以下对本公开的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本公开，并不用于限制本公开。
本公开提供了一种铝合金，其中该铝合金含有4-7重量％的Si，1-4重量％的Mg，0.2-0.8重量％的Cr，0.2-0.7重量％的Fe，至少一种的0.1-0.4重量％的Ti和Er，以及86.8-94.5重量％的铝。
从进一步提升得到的铝合金的强度和热导率来考虑，可选地，该铝合金含有5-6重量％的Si；1-3重量％的Mg；0.3-0.5重量％的Cr；0.2-0.5重量％的Fe；至少一种的0.2-0.3重量％的Ti和Er，以及89.4-93.3重量％的铝。
在本公开中，本公开的铝合金还含有不足0.3重量％的杂质。
在本公开中，所述杂质为铝合金制备过程中不可避免的杂质。通常该杂质是指：在铝合金中，含量少于0.05重量％的元素；可选地，在本公开所提供的铝合金中，所述杂质总含量小于0.3重量％。
作为保护在本公开所提供的铝合金中的杂质例如可以为Ni等金属元素。
在本公开中，可以采用常用的各种方法来制备本公开的铝合金。具体地，可以将铝合金原料先后进行熔炼和铸造，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为本公开的铝合金。
根据预期的铝合金组成来确定铝合金原料的组成的方法是本领域所公知的，本文不再详述。
本公开提供的铝合金不仅具有良好铸造性能，屈服强度能够达到200MPa以上，例如在200-220MPa之间，拉伸强度能够达到265MPa以上，例如在265-325MPa之间，延伸率能够 达到1.8％以上，例如在1.8-2.9％之间；而且具有优异的导热性能，热导率能够达到120W/(m·K)以上，例如在123-140W/(m·K)之间。
本公开的铝合金特别适于作为导热结构材料，如各种电子产品的结构件。
以下结合实施例详细说明本公开，但不因此限定本公开的范围。
以下实施例和对比例中所有样品均按照GBT 228.1-2010，采用型号为CMT5105的电子万能试验机(购于深圳市世纪天源仪器有限公司)进行拉伸性能(屈服强度、拉伸强度以及延伸率)测试，其中，标距为50mm，加载速率为1mm/min。另外，采用型号为LFA-447的导热系数测试仪(德国耐驰)进行热导率测试，在温度23℃、湿度65％RH下进行测试。
实施例1-7用于说明本公开
实施例1
按照表1的组成配制铝合金原料。将铝合金原料熔炼铸锭，得到的铸锭在160T冷式压铸机上进行金属型铸造，从而得到本公开的铝合金的压铸体。其中，熔汤温度为690℃，压射速度为2m/s，模具温度为200℃，铸件为尺寸1.5mm×12.5mm×80mm的铝合金拉伸测试样件及直径12.7×3mm的热导率试样件。
测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、拉伸强度、延伸率以及热导率，结果在表2中列出。
实施例2-7
采用与实施例1相同的方法制备铝合金的压铸体，不同的是，按照表1的组成配制铝合金原料。
测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、拉伸强度、延伸率以及热导率，结果在表2中列出。
对比例1-3
采用与实施例1相同的方法制备铝合金的压铸体，不同的是，按照表1的组成配制铝合金原料。
测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、拉伸强度、延伸率以及热导率，结果在表2中列出。
表1
  Si Mg Cr Fe Ti Er Cu Zn
实施例1 5 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 \ \ \
实施例2 6 3 0.5 0.5 \ 0.3 \ \
实施例3 5.5 2 0.3 0.2 0.3 \ \ \
实施例4 7 1 0.6 0.6 \ 0.2 \ \
实施例5 4 1 0.2 0.2 0.1      
实施例6 7 4 0.8 0.7   0.4    
实施例7 5 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1    
对比例1 10.5 0.2 \ 0.8 \ \ 1.6 \
对比例2 8 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 \ \ \
对比例3 5 1.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 \ 0.6 0.1
注：表1中各配比均以重量百分比计，另外，余量为铝及不可避免的杂质，其中，单个杂质元素重量小于0.05重量％；杂质元素总重量小于0.3重量％。
表2
  屈服强度(Mpa) 拉伸强度(Mpa) 延伸率(％) 热导率(W/(m·k))
实施例1 210 320 2.73 140
实施例2 203 298 2.68 129
实施例3 207 311 2.49 132
实施例4 201 275 1.9 123
实施例5 200 266 2.9 144
实施例6 220 324 1.8 120
实施例7 213 320 2.7 139
对比例1 165 268 3.6 96
对比例2 202 267 1.37 100
对比例3 207 259 1.78 103
从表2可以看出，对比例1为最常见的压铸铝合金ADC12的力学性能和导热性能，在压铸条件下塑性较好，延伸率大于3％，屈服强度偏低，仅有165MPa，热导率表现一般，低于100W/(m·k)；而本公开的压铸铝合金其强度性能有明显提升，屈服强度达到200Mpa以上。抗拉强度达到265Mpa以上，而延伸率保持在1.8％以上，能满足大部分压铸产品对塑性的要求，同时热导率也在120W/(m·k)以上，对比ADC12有了较大幅度的提升。对比例2体现了如果硅镁过高，易偏聚在晶界形成脆性相，同时干扰电子的传热效果，导致塑性下降明显，热导率也下降较多。对比例3在合金中添加了铜锌，屈服强度达到207MPa，但是塑性下降，热导率下降，铜锌在铝中的固熔度大，引起铝基体的晶格畸变，降低了合金的导热性，同时铜锌的添加明显的降低了合金的耐蚀性能。
以上详细描述了本公开的具体实施方式，但是，本公开并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本公开的技术构思范围内，可以对本公开的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本公开的保护范围。
另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合，为了避免不必要的重复，本公开对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外，本公开的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合，只要其不违背本公开的思想，其同样应当视为本公开所公开的内容。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种铝合金，包含：4-7重量％的Si，1-4重量％的Mg，0.2-0.8重量％的Cr，0.2-0.7重量％的Fe，至少一种的0.1-0.4重量％的Ti和Er，以及86.8-94.5重量％的铝。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的铝合金，包含：5-6重量％的Si；1-3重量％的Mg；0.3-0.5重量％的Cr；0.2-0.5重量％的Fe；至少一种的0.2-0.3重量％Ti和Er，以及89.4-93.3重量％的铝。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝合金，还含有不足0.3重量％的杂质。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，所述铝合金的屈服强度为200MPa以上，拉伸强度为265MPa以上，延伸率为1.8％以上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的铝合金，其中，所述铝合金的热导率为120W/(m·K)以上。
  6. 一种制备铝合金的方法，包括将铝合金原料进行熔炼，冷却后得到铝合金，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的铝合金。
  7. 权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的铝合金作为导热结构材料的应用。
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WO2023144222A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023209051A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuilleté pour affichage tête haute
WO2023209052A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces

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WO2020058061A1 (fr) 2018-09-20 2020-03-26 Saint-Gobain Glass France Materiau a proprietes optiques et esthetiques
FR3086285A1 (fr) 2018-09-20 2020-03-27 Saint-Gobain Glass France Materiau a proprietes optiques et esthetiques
FR3130792A1 (fr) 2021-12-22 2023-06-23 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d’un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023117725A1 (fr) 2021-12-22 2023-06-29 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
FR3132095A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-07-28 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d’un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
FR3132096A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-07-28 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d’un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023144222A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023144223A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023144221A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023143884A1 (fr) 2022-01-27 2023-08-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
WO2023209051A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuilleté pour affichage tête haute
WO2023209052A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d'un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
FR3135080A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Substrat transparent muni d’un empilement fonctionnel de couches minces
FR3135082A1 (fr) 2022-04-28 2023-11-03 Saint-Gobain Glass France Vitrage feuilleté pour affichage tête haute

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