WO2019001121A1 - 铝合金及其制备方法 - Google Patents

铝合金及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019001121A1
WO2019001121A1 PCT/CN2018/084487 CN2018084487W WO2019001121A1 WO 2019001121 A1 WO2019001121 A1 WO 2019001121A1 CN 2018084487 W CN2018084487 W CN 2018084487W WO 2019001121 A1 WO2019001121 A1 WO 2019001121A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
present
thermal conductivity
aluminum
total amount
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/084487
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭强
谢勇亮
廖梦觉
Original Assignee
比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 比亚迪股份有限公司 filed Critical 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority to EP18822966.0A priority Critical patent/EP3647440B1/en
Priority to US16/626,477 priority patent/US11274358B2/en
Publication of WO2019001121A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019001121A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D21/00—Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor
    • B22D21/002—Castings of light metals
    • B22D21/007—Castings of light metals with low melting point, e.g. Al 659 degrees C, Mg 650 degrees C
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/02—Alloys based on aluminium with silicon as the next major constituent
    • C22C21/04—Modified aluminium-silicon alloys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof.
  • Aluminum alloy has the characteristics of light weight, good toughness, corrosion resistance and unique metallic luster. It is used by more and more electronic appliances, communication equipment, lighting devices, automobiles and other components, such as smart phones, laptops, and tablets.
  • the casting fluidity, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of aluminum alloys are increasingly demanding.
  • the most commonly used cast aluminum alloys are Al-Si cast aluminum alloys, and the typical grades are ZL101, A356, A380, ADC10, ADC12 and the like.
  • the Al-Si cast aluminum alloy usually contains more than 6.5% of Si element, and thus has good casting fluidity and meets the casting process requirements.
  • the thermal conductivity of Al-Si cast aluminum alloy is poor, and the thermal conductivity is usually lower than 140W/(m ⁇ K).
  • the thermal conductivity of A356 cast aluminum alloy is only about 120W/(m ⁇ K), while ADC12 cast aluminum alloy.
  • the thermal conductivity is only about 96W/(m ⁇ K), which makes it difficult for Al-Si cast aluminum alloy to meet the functional requirements of rapid heat dissipation of components. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a good casting performance and mechanical properties, as well as high thermal conductivity.
  • the present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an aluminum alloy which not only has good overall mechanical properties but also has high thermal conductivity.
  • an aluminum alloy comprising, by weight percent, the following elements based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy:
  • an aluminum alloy comprising, by weight percent, the following elements based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy:
  • a method of producing an aluminum alloy comprising sequentially smelting and casting an aluminum alloy material, wherein the composition of the aluminum alloy material is such that the obtained aluminum alloy is The aluminum alloy provided by the invention.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the invention exhibits good comprehensive mechanical properties, not only has high strength and hardness, but also has high elongation and good casting performance. More importantly, the aluminum alloy provided by the invention has good thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity is generally 150 W/(m ⁇ K) or more, and under some conditions can reach 160 W/(m ⁇ K) or more, and even 170 W/( m ⁇ K) or more.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the invention is suitable as a structural material with high thermal conductivity, including but not limited to as a component material of electronic appliances, communication equipment, lighting devices, and automobiles.
  • an aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy contains the following elements:
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention contains magnesium (Mg).
  • Mg magnesium
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention may further contain a manganese element (Mn).
  • the manganese element can reduce the harmful effects of iron, and the sheet-like or needle-like structure formed by the iron element in the aluminum alloy becomes a fine crystal structure, and the grain is refined, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy.
  • the manganese content in the aluminum alloy will significantly reduce its thermal conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention has a manganese element content of 0-0.01% by weight based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy. Thereby, the manganese element and other elements in the aluminum alloy act synergistically, so that the aluminum alloy provided by the invention has both good mechanical properties and high thermal conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention contains iron element (Fe). Iron can reduce the sticking mold during die casting of aluminum alloy. However, when the content of iron in aluminum alloy is too high, iron is present in the aluminum alloy in the form of flake or needle-like structure of FeAl 3 , Fe 2 Al 7 and Al-Si-Fe. Thereby reducing the mechanical properties and fluidity of the aluminum alloy and increasing the thermal cracking property of the aluminum alloy. In addition, high levels of iron will reduce the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy.
  • Fe iron element
  • the content of iron element is 0.1-0.3% by weight based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy; the aluminum alloy according to other embodiments of the present invention, the total of the aluminum alloy The amount of iron is 0.15-0.25% by weight based on the amount. Therefore, the mold can be effectively reduced, and the mechanical properties and fluidity of the aluminum alloy are greatly adversely affected.
  • the iron element and other elements in the aluminum alloy act synergistically, so that the aluminum alloy provided by the present invention can simultaneously Has good mechanical properties and high thermal conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention contains a boron element (B).
  • B boron element
  • the transition metal impurity elements (such as Cr, V) present in the aluminum alloy absorb the free electrons in the aluminum alloy material to fill the incomplete electron layer, resulting in a decrease in the number of conductive electrons in the aluminum alloy and its thermal conductivity. reduce. Boron can form a high melting point hard-melting compound with a transition metal impurity element in the aluminum alloy and form a precipitate, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the transition metal impurity element on the heat conduction of the aluminum alloy.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention contains a lanthanum element (Ce).
  • a lanthanum element (Ce).
  • the addition of antimony in the aluminum alloy improves the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy.
  • the lanthanum element can be used as a refining agent for aluminum alloy, which has a strong degassing effect on the aluminum melt, and significantly reduces the pinhole ratio in the microstructure.
  • the addition of lanthanum element can significantly reduce the amount of inclusions in the aluminum alloy structure and strengthen The compactness of the as-cast microstructure of the alloy; again, the lanthanum element has a metamorphic effect on the as-cast structure, which can effectively control the solid solubility of the excess element, and the higher the solid solubility, the greater the lattice distortion is, the stronger the hindrance to the electron movement, and the heat conduction The coefficient is reduced.
  • the inventors of the present invention found that when the content of lanthanum in the aluminum alloy is 0.15-0.30%, the effect of improving the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy is optimal; when the content of the lanthanum element is less than 0.1%, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy is improved.
  • the aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy, has a niobium content of 0.15-0.3% by weight; the aluminum alloy according to other embodiments of the present invention is an aluminum alloy The total amount is based on the weight percentage of the cerium element in the range of 0.2-0.25%.
  • the aluminum alloy according to an embodiment of the present invention allows a small amount of other metal elements such as one, two or more of Zr, V, Zn, Li, Cr to be present.
  • An aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy, the total amount of the other metal elements is generally not more than 0.1% by weight; the aluminum alloy according to other embodiments of the present invention
  • the total amount of the aluminum alloy is based on the total amount of the above other metal elements in an amount of not more than 0.01% by weight.
  • the other metal elements are generally derived from impurities in the alloy raw material when the alloy is prepared.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention further contains a lanthanum element (Sr).
  • the niobium element acts as a metamorphism on the aluminum alloy, removes impurities in the aluminum alloy, and refines the alloy crystal grains.
  • the inventors of the present invention have found that when a specific range of lanthanum elements are present in the aluminum alloy of the present invention, the thermal conductivity can be further improved.
  • An aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention the aluminum alloy containing 0.03-0.05% Sr, based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy. Thereby, the thermal conductivity of the aluminum alloy can be further improved.
  • the content of the aluminum element (Al) may be adjusted depending on the content of the alloying elements.
  • an aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy contains the following elements:
  • an aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention based on the total amount of the aluminum alloy, the aluminum alloy contains the following elements:
  • An aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention which does not contain copper (ie, in an aluminum alloy according to some embodiments of the present invention, the content of Cu is 0 in weight percent), which can further enhance the present invention according to the present invention.
  • the corrosion resistance and plasticity of the aluminum alloy reduce the tendency of hot cracking and increase its thermal conductivity.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention can be prepared by various conventional methods. Specifically, the aluminum alloy raw material may be successively smelted and cast, wherein the composition of the aluminum alloy raw material is such that the obtained aluminum alloy is the aluminum alloy of the above embodiment of the invention.
  • the aluminum alloy of the present invention can be prepared and cast by a method including the following steps.
  • the smelting method may be various conventional smelting methods in the art, as long as the aluminum alloy raw material is sufficiently melted, and the smelting equipment may be a conventional smelting equipment such as a vacuum arc melting furnace, a vacuum induction melting furnace or Vacuum resistance furnace.
  • a refining agent is added to the alloy liquid obtained in the step (2), and refining is performed to remove non-metallic inclusions in the alloy liquid.
  • the aluminum alloy liquid obtained in the step (3) is cast and cooled to obtain an alloy ingot, and the alloy ingot is die-cast to obtain a die-cast body.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the invention not only has good comprehensive mechanical properties, but also has a yield strength of more than 135 MPa, an elongation of more than 3%, generally between 3 and 5%, and excellent thermal conductivity, and the thermal conductivity can reach 150 W. Above /(m ⁇ K), the thermal conductivity can reach 160-175W/(m ⁇ K) under some conditions.
  • the aluminum alloy provided by the invention is suitable as a structural material with high thermal conductivity, including but not limited to as a component material of electronic appliances, communication equipment, lighting devices, and automobiles.
  • the refined aluminum alloy was cast and cooled to obtain an alloy ingot, and the obtained alloy ingot was subjected to metal casting on a 160T cold die casting machine to obtain a die-cast body of the aluminum alloy of the present invention.
  • the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation, and thermal conductivity of the prepared aluminum alloy were measured, and the results are shown in Table 2.
  • a die cast of an aluminum alloy was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the aluminum alloy raw material was prepared in accordance with the composition of Table 1.
  • a die cast of an aluminum alloy was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the aluminum alloy raw material was prepared in accordance with the composition of Table 1.
  • Example 1 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.22 / /
  • Example 2 9.5 0.35 0.01 0.01 0.25 0.04 0.2 / /
  • Example 3 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.05 0.25 / /
  • Example 4 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.15 / /
  • Example 5 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.3 / / Example 6 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.02 0.22 / /
  • Example 7 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.06 0.22 / / Example 8 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.3 0.05 0.25 / / Example 9 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.05 0.25 0.04 / Comparative example 1 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.1 / / Comparative example 2 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.4 / / Comparative example 3 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 / 0.22 / / Comparative example 4 9.5 0.35 0.03 0.01 0.25 0.04 0.2 / / Comparative example 5 9.5 0.35 0.01 0.02 0.25 0.04 0.2 / / Comparative example 6 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.4 0.05 0.25 / / Comparative example 7 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.22 / 1.0
  • Each ratio in Table 1 is in weight percent, and the balance is aluminum and unavoidable impurities, wherein the total weight of the impurity elements is less than 0.1% by weight.
  • Example 2 156 290 3.2 161
  • Example 3 138 268 4.4 175
  • Example 4 140 272 3.8 160
  • Example 5 149 285 3.4 158
  • Example 6 143 276 4 162
  • Example 7 148 284 3.4 163
  • Comparative example 5 161 294 2.8 145 Comparative example 6 139 270 4.2 156

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)

Abstract

一种铝合金及其制备方法，以重量百分比计，含有硅8-10％，镁0.2-0.4％，锰0-0.01％，钛0-0.01％，铁0.1-0.3％，硼0.02-0.06％，铈0.15-0.3％，铝88.92-91.53％，生产方法包括将铝合金原料先后进行熔炼和铸造。

Description

铝合金及其制备方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年06月29日提交的申请号为201710530305.7的中国专利申请的优先权和权益，并将其全部引入本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及铝合金及其制备方法。
背景技术
铝合金具有质量轻、强韧性好、耐腐蚀以及特有的金属光泽等特性，被越来越多的电子电器、通讯器材、照明器件、汽车等零部件所采用，如智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑的外壳，LED灯的散热器和灯罩，3G、4G无线通讯基站的散热器、机柜、滤波器，电饭煲、电磁炉、热水器的发热盘，新能源汽车的控制器机箱、驱动电机外壳等。为了满足零部件薄壁化、轻量化、快速散热和铸造生产的需要，对铝合金的铸造流动性、导热性能和力学性能都提出了越来越高的要求。目前最常用的铸造铝合金是Al-Si系铸造铝合金，典型牌号有ZL101、A356、A380、ADC10、ADC12等。
Al-Si系铸造铝合金通常含有6.5％以上的Si元素，因而具有很好的铸造流动性，满足铸造的工艺要求。Al-Si系铸造铝合金的导热性能较差，导热系数通常低于140W/(m·K)，其中A356铸造铝合金的导热系数大约只有120W/(m·K)，而ADC12铸造铝合金的导热系数大约只有96W/(m·K)，导致Al-Si系铸造铝合金很难满足零部件快速散热的功能要求，因此迫切需要一种既具有良好铸造性能和力学性能、又具有高导热性能的铝合金以满足市场需求。
发明内容
本发明旨在至少在一定程度上解决相关技术中的技术问题之一。为此，本发明的一个目的在于提供一种铝合金，该铝合金不仅具有良好的综合机械性能，而且具有高的导热性能。
根据本发明的第一个方面，本发明提供了一种铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以 重量百分比计，该铝合金含有以下元素：
Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-000001
根据本发明的第二个方面，本发明提供了一种铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，该铝合金含有以下元素：
Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-000002
根据本发明的第三个方面，本发明提供了一种制备铝合金的方法，该方法包括将铝合金原料先后进行熔炼和铸造，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为本发明提供的铝合金。
本发明提供的铝合金显示出良好的综合机械性能，不仅具有较高的强度和硬度，而且具有较高的延伸率，同时还具有良好的铸造性能。更重要的是，本发明提供的铝合金具有良好的导热性能，导热系数一般为150W/(m·K)以上，一些条件下能够达到160W/(m·K)以上，甚至能够达到170W/(m·K)以上。
本发明提供的铝合金适于作为对导热性能要求较高的结构材料，包括但不限于作为电子电器、通讯器材、照明器件、汽车的零部件材料。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
具体实施方式
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，该铝合金含有以下元素：
Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-000003
本发明的铝合金含有硅元素(Si)。硅元素的主要作用是改善铝合金的流动性，此外，硅晶粒的化学稳定性好且具有较高的硬度，随着铝合金中硅元素含量的增加，能够提高合金的抗拉强度及硬度，使铝合金具有比纯铝更高的耐蚀性和耐磨性。但是，铝合金中硅元素含量过高时，对铝合金的导热性能产生不利影响。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，硅元素的含量为8-10％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，硅元素的含量为8.5-9.5％。由此，硅元素和铝合金中的其他元素协同作用，可以使得本发明提供的铝合金同时具有较好的机械性能和导热性能。
本发明的铝合金含有镁元素(Mg)。镁元素作为Al-Si合金中主要的强化元素，可明显提高铝合金的强度。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，镁元素的含量为0.2-0.4重量％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，镁元素的含量为0.25-0.35％。
本发明的铝合金还可以含有锰元素(Mn)。锰元素在铝合金中可减少铁元素的有害影响，使铝合金中由铁元素形成的片状或针状组织变为细密的晶体组织，细化晶粒，有利于提高铝合金力学性能。但铝合金中含锰元素会明显降低其导热系数。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，锰元素的含量为0-0.01％。由此，锰元素和铝合金中的其他元素协同作用，可以使得本发明提供的铝合金同时具有较好的力学性能和较高的导热系数。
在铝合金中引入少量钛元素(Ti)可以起到改善合金力学性能的作用，但含钛元素会降低合金的导热系数。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量 百分比计，钛元素的含量为0-0.01％。由此，钛元素和铝合金中的其他元素协同作用，可以使得本发明提供的铝合金同时具有较好的力学性能和较高的导热系数。
本发明的铝合金含有铁元素(Fe)。铁元素可以减少铝合金压铸时的粘模，但铝合金中铁元素含量太高时，铁元素以FeAl 3、Fe 2Al 7和Al－Si－Fe的片状或针状组织存在于铝合金中，从而降低铝合金的机械性能和流动性，增大铝合金的热裂性。此外，高含量的铁元素会降低铝合金导热系数。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，铁元素的含量为0.1-0.3％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，铁元素的含量为0.15-0.25％。由此，既可以有效减少粘模，也不会对铝合金的机械性能和流动性有较大的负面影响，铁元素和铝合金中的其他元素协同作用，可以使得本发明提供的铝合金同时具有较好的力学性能和较高的导热系数。
本发明的铝合金含有硼元素(B)。铝合金熔炼时，铝合金中存在的过渡金属杂质元素(例如Cr、V)会吸收铝合金材料内自由电子填充其不完整电子层，从而导致铝合金的传导电子数量减少，并使其导热系数降低。硼元素则可与铝合金中的过渡金属杂质元素形成高熔点难融化合物并形成沉淀，从而降低了过渡金属杂质元素对铝合金导热的不良影响。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，硼元素的含量为0.02-0.06％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，硼元素的含量为0.03-0.05％。
本发明的铝合金含有铈元素(Ce)。在铝合金中加入铈元素可改善铝合金的导热性能。首先，铈元素可作为铝合金的精炼剂，对铝熔体具有强烈除气作用，明显减少了组织中的针孔率；其次，铈元素的加入可明显降低铝合金组织的夹杂物数量，加强合金铸态组织的致密性；再次，铈元素对铸态组织具有变质作用，可有效控制过剩元素的固溶度，而固溶度越高晶格畸变越大对电子运动阻碍越强，使导热系数降低。本发明的发明人发现，当铝合金中的铈元素的含量为0.15-0.30％时，其改善铝合金导热性能的效果最佳；当铈元素的含量小于0.1％时，其对铝合金导热性能的影响不明显，铝合金的导热能力变化幅度不大；当铈元素含量超过0.30％后，其改善铝合金导热性能的效果开始明显下降。因此，根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，铈元素的含量为0.15-0.3％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，铈元素的含量为0.2-0.25％。
根据本发明实施例的铝合金允许存在少量其它金属元素，如Zr、V、Zn、Li、Cr中的一种、两种或三种以上。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，上述其它金属元素的总量一般不高于0.1％；根据本发明另一些实施例的铝合 金，以铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，上述其它金属元素的总量不高于0.01％。所述其它金属元素一般来源于制备合金时合金原料中的杂质。
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，本发明的铝合金还含有锶元素(Sr)。锶元素对铝合金起变质作用，可去除铝合金中的杂质，并且细化合金晶粒。此外，本发明的发明人发现，当本发明的铝合金中存在特定范围的锶元素时，可以进一步提高其导热性能。根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，该铝合金含有0.03-0.05％Sr。由此，可以进一步提高铝合金的导热性能。
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，铝元素(Al)的含量可以随合金元素的含量进行调整。
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，该铝合金含有以下元素：
Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-000004
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，以该铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，该铝合金含有以下元素：
Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-000005
根据本发明一些实施例的铝合金，该铝合金中不含铜(即，根据本发明一些实施例的 铝合金中，以重量百分比计，Cu的含量为0)，这样能进一步提高根据本发明的铝合金的耐蚀性和塑性，降低热裂倾向，并且提高其导热系数。
可以采用常用的各种方法来制备本发明的铝合金。具体地，可以将铝合金原料先后进行熔炼和铸造，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为本发明上述实施例的铝合金。
具体地，可以采用包括以下步骤的方法制备本发明的铝合金并进行铸造。
(1)提供铝合金原料
按照预定的铝合金组成提供原料，铝合金中的各元素可以以纯金属的形式提供，也可以以中间合金的形式提供。
(2)对铝合金原料进行熔炼
所述熔炼的方法可以为本领域中各种常规的熔炼方法，只要将铝合金原料充分熔融即可，所述熔炼的设备可以为常规的熔炼设备，例如真空电弧熔炼炉、真空感应熔炼炉或真空电阻炉。
(3)精炼
向步骤(2)得到的合金液中添加精炼剂，进行精炼，以清除合金液中的非金属夹杂物。
(4)铸造
将步骤(3)得到的铝合金液浇铸冷却后得到合金锭，合金锭压铸后得到压铸体。
本发明提供的铝合金不仅具有良好的综合机械性能，屈服强度能够达到135MPa以上，延伸率能够达到3％以上，一般在3-5％之间；而且具有优异的导热性能，导热系数能够达到150W/(m·K)以上，一些条件下导热系数能够达到160-175W/(m·K)之间。
本发明提供的铝合金适于作为对导热性能要求较高的结构材料，包括但不限于作为电子电器、通讯器材、照明器件、汽车的零部件材料。
以下结合实施例详细说明本发明，但不因此限定本发明的范围。
以下实施例和对比例中所有样品均按照GBT 228.1-2010，采用1.5mm厚的拉伸标准件进行拉伸性能(屈服强度、抗拉强度和延伸率)测试。
另外，在温度25℃下进行导热系数测试，首先进行密度和比热容的测试，随后按照ASTM-E-1461-01采用直径12.7mm厚3mm的圆片进行热扩散系数测试，导热系数为比热容、密度与热扩散系数三者的乘积。
实施例1-9用于说明本发明。
实施例1
根据表1中的合金组成准备好纯铝锭(纯度≥99.9重量％)、纯硅锭(纯度≥99.9重量％)、纯镁锭(纯度≥99.9重量％)、铝铁中间合金、铝硼中间合金、铝钛中间合金和金属铈。
在熔炉中加入纯铝锭熔炼，熔炼后保持温度在720℃-740℃；加入纯硅锭熔炼，熔炼后保持温度在720℃-740℃；加入纯镁锭熔炼，熔炼后保持温度在720℃-740℃；加入铝铁中间合金熔炼，熔炼后保持温度在720℃-740℃；加入铝硼中间合金、铝钛中间合金、金属铈熔炼，熔炼后保持温度在690℃-710℃；搅拌铝合金液使成分均匀然后除渣、取样化验；根据化验结果调整各元素成分含量直至达到要求的范围；将精炼剂(六氯乙烷)通过氮气吹入铝合金液底部进行精炼除气，直至精炼完毕。
将精炼得到的铝合金浇铸冷却后得到合金锭，得到的合金锭在160T冷式压铸机上进行金属型铸造，从而得到本发明的铝合金的压铸体。测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率以及导热系数，结果在表2中列出。
实施例2-9
采用与实施例1相同的方法制备铝合金的压铸体，不同的是，按照表1的组成配制铝合金原料。
测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率以及导热系数，结果在表2中列出。
对比例1-7
采用与实施例1相同的方法制备铝合金的压铸体，不同的是，按照表1的组成配制铝合金原料。
测定制备的铝合金的屈服强度、抗拉强度、延伸率以及导热系数，结果在表2中列出。
表1
实施例编号 Si Mg Mn Ti Fe B Ce Sr Cu
实施例1 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.22 / /
实施例2 9.5 0.35 0.01 0.01 0.25 0.04 0.2 / /
实施例3 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.05 0.25 / /
实施例4 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.15 / /
实施例5 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.3 / /
实施例6 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.02 0.22 / /
实施例7 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.06 0.22 / /
实施例8 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.3 0.05 0.25 / /
实施例9 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.15 0.05 0.25 0.04 /
对比例1 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.1 / /
对比例2 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.4 / /
对比例3 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 / 0.22 / /
对比例4 9.5 0.35 0.03 0.01 0.25 0.04 0.2 / /
对比例5 9.5 0.35 0.01 0.02 0.25 0.04 0.2 / /
对比例6 8.5 0.25 0.01 0.01 0.4 0.05 0.25 / /
对比例7 9.0 0.3 0.01 0.01 0.2 0.03 0.22 / 1.0
注：表1中各配比均以重量百分比计，另外，余量为铝及不可避免的杂质，其中，杂质元素总重量小于0.1重量％。
表2
实施例编号 屈服强度(MPa) 抗拉强度(MPa) 延伸率(％) 导热系数(W/(m·k))
实施例1 146 282 3.6 166
实施例2 156 290 3.2 161
实施例3 138 268 4.4 175
实施例4 140 272 3.8 160
实施例5 149 285 3.4 158
实施例6 143 276 4 162
实施例7 148 284 3.4 163
实施例8 137 269 4.3 159
实施例9 138 268 4.4 180
对比例1 139 270 3.7 155
对比例2 150 287 3.3 153
对比例3 148 284 3.9 157
对比例4 164 297 2.5 142
对比例5 161 294 2.8 145
对比例6 139 270 4.2 156
对比例7 154 287 3.4 149
表2的结果显示，根据本发明的铝合金不仅具有良好的综合机械性能，而且具有高的导热性能。
将实施例1与对比例1和对比例2进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中铈元素过高或过低时，铝合金的导热性能均不佳。
将实施例1与对比例3进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中没有硼元素时，铝合金的导热性能不佳。
将实施例2与对比例4进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中锰元素含量过高时，会对铝合金的导热性能产生不利影响。
将实施例2与对比例5进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中钛元素含量过高时，会对铝合金的导热性能产生不利影响。
将实施例3与对比例6进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中铁元素含量过高时，会对铝合金的导热性能产生不利影响。
将实施例1与对比例7进行比较可以看出，在铝合金中含铜元素时，会对铝合金的导热性能产生不利影响。
以上详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，包括各个技术特征以任何其它的合适方式进行组合，这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种铝合金，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金含有以下元素：
    Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-100001
  2. 一种铝合金，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金含有以下元素：
    Figure PCTCN2018084487-appb-100002
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金中Ce的含量为0.2-0.25％。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金中B的含量为0.03-0.05％。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金中Si的含量为8.5-9.5％。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金中Mg的含量为0.25-0.35％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金中Fe的含量为0.15-0.25％。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金还含有0.03-0.05％Sr。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的铝合金，其中，以所述铝合金的总量为基准，以重量百分比计，所述铝合金含有不高于0.1％的杂质。
  10. 一种制备铝合金的方法，该方法包括将铝合金原料先后进行熔炼和铸造，其中，所述铝合金原料的组成使得得到的铝合金为权利要求1-9中任意一项所述的铝合金。
PCT/CN2018/084487 2017-06-29 2018-04-25 铝合金及其制备方法 WO2019001121A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18822966.0A EP3647440B1 (en) 2017-06-29 2018-04-25 Aluminum alloy and preparation method therefor
US16/626,477 US11274358B2 (en) 2017-06-29 2018-04-25 Aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710530305.7 2017-06-29
CN201710530305.7A CN108504910B (zh) 2017-06-29 2017-06-29 一种铝合金及其制备方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019001121A1 true WO2019001121A1 (zh) 2019-01-03

Family

ID=63374434

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2018/084487 WO2019001121A1 (zh) 2017-06-29 2018-04-25 铝合金及其制备方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11274358B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3647440B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN108504910B (zh)
WO (1) WO2019001121A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111979455B (zh) * 2019-05-24 2021-12-07 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN110343916A (zh) * 2019-08-19 2019-10-18 北京科技大学 适用于流变压铸的高导热铝合金及其制备方法和成形工艺
CN112159916B (zh) * 2020-08-27 2021-09-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种铝合金及其应用
CN112296311A (zh) * 2020-10-30 2021-02-02 山东鸿源新材料有限公司 稀土铝合金电机机壳制造工艺
CN112853166A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-05-28 安徽将煜电子科技有限公司 一种耐腐蚀材料及耐腐蚀路灯的制备方法
DE102022200303A1 (de) 2022-01-13 2023-07-13 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Aluminiumlegierung
CN115418537B (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-03-24 小米汽车科技有限公司 一种免热处理压铸铝合金及其制备方法和应用

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB595214A (en) * 1945-05-07 1947-11-28 Ernest Irving Brimelow Improvements in aluminium alloys
KR20000041707A (ko) * 1998-12-23 2000-07-15 박호군 내마모성이 우수하고 열팽창계수가 낮은 아공정 al­si 단련용 합금의 제조방법과 그 이용
DE202006006518U1 (de) * 2006-04-22 2006-09-14 Zak, Hennadiy, Dr. (UA) Aluminiumgusslegierung
CN103526085A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2014-01-22 邹平宏皓工业型材科技有限公司 一种耐磨铝合金
CN103924132A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-16 淮北银丰铝业有限公司 一种高耐蚀高耐磨发动机汽缸盖铝合金型材的制备方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6921512B2 (en) 2003-06-24 2005-07-26 General Motors Corporation Aluminum alloy for engine blocks
CN100473735C (zh) 2007-09-29 2009-04-01 深圳市富亿通精密科技有限公司 一种高导电导热、高强度铝合金材料、其制备方法及其应用
CN101805855B (zh) 2009-09-23 2011-07-27 贵州华科铝材料工程技术研究有限公司 Co-RE高强耐热铝合金材料及其制备方法
US8758529B2 (en) * 2010-06-30 2014-06-24 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Cast aluminum alloys
CN105296818A (zh) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-03 比亚迪股份有限公司 一种铝合金及其制备方法和应用
CN105463269B (zh) * 2015-12-01 2018-07-03 上海交通大学 高强、高耐腐蚀铸造铝合金及其压力铸造制备方法
CN105441737A (zh) 2015-12-01 2016-03-30 上海交通大学 高强、高耐腐蚀铸造铝合金及其重力铸造制备方法
CN106636791A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2017-05-10 重庆顺博铝合金股份有限公司 用于制备汽车车身的铝合金及其制备方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB595214A (en) * 1945-05-07 1947-11-28 Ernest Irving Brimelow Improvements in aluminium alloys
KR20000041707A (ko) * 1998-12-23 2000-07-15 박호군 내마모성이 우수하고 열팽창계수가 낮은 아공정 al­si 단련용 합금의 제조방법과 그 이용
DE202006006518U1 (de) * 2006-04-22 2006-09-14 Zak, Hennadiy, Dr. (UA) Aluminiumgusslegierung
CN103526085A (zh) * 2013-11-01 2014-01-22 邹平宏皓工业型材科技有限公司 一种耐磨铝合金
CN103924132A (zh) * 2014-03-13 2014-07-16 淮北银丰铝业有限公司 一种高耐蚀高耐磨发动机汽缸盖铝合金型材的制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP3647440A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3647440B1 (en) 2021-07-14
US11274358B2 (en) 2022-03-15
US20200115777A1 (en) 2020-04-16
EP3647440A4 (en) 2020-05-06
CN108504910A (zh) 2018-09-07
EP3647440A1 (en) 2020-05-06
CN108504910B (zh) 2020-03-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2019001121A1 (zh) 铝合金及其制备方法
WO2020237837A1 (zh) 一种高强韧薄壁结构件铸造铝合金及其制备方法
CN108265207B (zh) 一种高导热铝合金及其制备方法和散热体
CN108251724B (zh) 适用于大规格复杂结构铸件的高强耐热铝合金及制备工艺
CN108130456B (zh) 一种高导热压铸铝合金材料及其制备方法
CN113234971A (zh) 一种复合添加稀土改性高强高热导压铸铝合金材料及其制备方法
CN110938767A (zh) 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法
WO2017000602A1 (zh) 铝合金及其制备方法和应用
WO2020224468A1 (zh) 压铸铝合金及其制备方法和通讯产品结构件
CN115261684A (zh) 一种铸造Al-Si合金及其制备方法
CN114015914B (zh) 一种高强度高导热性压铸铝合金材料及其制备方法
CN112030045B (zh) 一种亚共晶铝硅合金及其制备方法
US20230193429A1 (en) Aluminum alloy and use thereof
WO2022134275A1 (zh) 一种铝合金以及铝合金结构件
CN108048703B (zh) 一种高强耐磨压铸铝合金及其压铸方法
CN113215452A (zh) 一种Al-Si-Fe系合金材料及其制备方法
CN108950323A (zh) 一种高导热铸造铝合金
CN113215448A (zh) 一种Al-Si-Fe-（Mg）系合金材料及其制备方法
CN113481395A (zh) 一种改进铸造Al-Si系合金导热性能的复合处理方法
CN110218914B (zh) 一种高强耐磨的铸造铝硅合金及其铸造方法
WO2022199536A1 (zh) 铝合金和电子设备及铝合金的制备方法
CN112176228B (zh) 铝合金及其制备方法、手机结构件和手机
CN113862529B (zh) 一种铝合金及其制备方法
EP3995598B1 (en) Aluminum alloy, preparation method therefor and aluminum alloy structural member
CN116411208A (zh) 一种压铸铝合金及其制备方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18822966

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2018822966

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20200129