WO2016203507A1 - Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération - Google Patents

Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016203507A1
WO2016203507A1 PCT/JP2015/067128 JP2015067128W WO2016203507A1 WO 2016203507 A1 WO2016203507 A1 WO 2016203507A1 JP 2015067128 W JP2015067128 W JP 2015067128W WO 2016203507 A1 WO2016203507 A1 WO 2016203507A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
opening
unit
load
heat source
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PCT/JP2015/067128
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
松井　良輔
森本　修
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三菱電機株式会社
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to PCT/JP2015/067128 priority Critical patent/WO2016203507A1/fr
Priority to JP2017524149A priority patent/JP6391825B2/ja
Publication of WO2016203507A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016203507A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B43/00—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat
    • F25B43/02—Arrangements for separating or purifying gases or liquids; Arrangements for vaporising the residuum of liquid refrigerant, e.g. by heat for separating lubricants from the refrigerant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B45/00—Arrangements for charging or discharging refrigerant

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus for changing a refrigerant.
  • Patent Document 1 an air conditioner that changes an old refrigerant to a new refrigerant is known (see Patent Document 1).
  • the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil are changed by repeating the replacement of the refrigerant and the refrigeration oil and the cleaning operation a plurality of times. It is carried out.
  • the present invention has been made against the background of the above problems, and an object thereof is to obtain a refrigeration cycle apparatus capable of easily changing the refrigerant.
  • a heat source side unit having a compressor and a heat source side heat exchanger and at least one load side unit having a throttle device and a load side heat exchanger are connected, and a refrigerant
  • the heat source side heat exchanger functions as a condenser
  • a first connection pipe that connects between the heat source side heat exchanger that functions as a condenser and the expansion device, and an evaporator
  • a second connection pipe that connects between the functioning load-side heat exchanger and the compressor.
  • the connection unit is disposed in the first connection pipe and controls the passage of the refrigerant.
  • An opening / closing device a second opening / closing device disposed in the second connection pipe and controlling passage of the refrigerant, a branch channel connected to the second connection pipe in parallel with the second switching device, and a branch channel.
  • the refrigeration oil contained in the refrigerant is separated and separated
  • An oil separation / collection container for storing the refrigerating machine oil, and a passage for controlling the passage of the refrigerant evaporated in the load-side heat exchanger, which functions as an evaporator, to the oil separation / collection container.
  • 3 opening / closing devices are used to control the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant can be easily changed.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the configuration of a refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 illustrated in FIG. 1 performs air conditioning inside a building such as a building or a house, for example.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a heat source side unit 1A, a connection unit 60, a relay unit 20, and a plurality of load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the heat source side unit 1A and the relay unit 20 are connected by the first refrigerant pipe 4a and the second refrigerant pipe 4b, and the relay unit 20 and each of the plurality of load side units 30a to 30d are connected by the refrigerant pipe 5.
  • connection unit 60 of the example of this embodiment is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 4a and the second refrigerant pipe 4b that connect the heat source side unit 1A and the relay unit 20 outside the heat source side unit 1A and the relay unit 20. It is arranged.
  • the cold or warm heat generated by the heat source side unit 1A is delivered to each of the plurality of load side units 30a to 30d via the relay unit 20.
  • refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 examples include HFC refrigerants such as R410A, R407C, and R404A, HCFC refrigerants such as R22 and R134a, or natural refrigerants such as hydrocarbon and helium.
  • the heat source side unit 1A is disposed outside a building such as a building or a house, or in a space such as a machine room, and supplies cold heat or heat to the load side units 30a to 30d via the relay unit 20. .
  • the heat source side unit 1 ⁇ / b> A includes a compressor 10, a first flow path switching device 11, a heat source side heat exchanger 12, and an accumulator 13.
  • the compressor 10 sucks and compresses refrigerant and discharges it in a high temperature and high pressure state.
  • the compressor 10 has a discharge side connected to the first flow path switching device 11 and a suction side connected to the accumulator 13.
  • the compressor 10 may be composed of, for example, an inverter compressor capable of capacity control.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 includes, for example, a four-way valve and the like, and switches the refrigerant flow path according to the operation mode.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 connects the discharge side of the compressor 10 and the check valve 14a in the full heating operation mode and the heating main operation mode, and sucks in the heat source side heat exchanger 12 and the accumulator 13. Connect the side.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 connects the discharge side of the compressor 10 and the heat source side heat exchanger 12 in the all cooling operation mode and the cooling main operation mode, and sucks the check valve 14d and the accumulator 13. Connect the side.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 12 is composed of, for example, a plate fin and tube heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the heat transfer tubes and the air passing through the fins.
  • One of the heat source side heat exchangers 12 is connected to the first flow path switching device 11, and the other is connected to the first refrigerant pipe 4a and the second refrigerant pipe 4b via check valves 14b and 14c.
  • the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functions as an evaporator during heating operation, functions as a radiator (gas cooler) during cooling operation, and exchanges heat between air and refrigerant supplied from a blower such as a fan (not shown). I do.
  • the accumulator 13 is connected to the suction side of the compressor 10, and surplus refrigerant due to a difference between the heating operation mode and the cooling operation mode, a change in transient operation (for example, the number of operating units of the load side units 30a to 30d)
  • the surplus refrigerant is stored against
  • the heat source side unit 1A has four check valves 14a to 14d for directing the flow of refrigerant flowing from the heat source side unit 1A to the relay unit 20 in both the cooling operation mode and the heating operation mode. ing.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first flow path switching device 11 to the first refrigerant pipe 4a through the check valve 14a, and heat source side heat exchange from the second refrigerant pipe 4b through the check valve 14b.
  • the refrigerant flows into the vessel 12.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the heat source side heat exchanger 12 to the first refrigerant pipe 4a through the check valve 14c, and the refrigerant flows in from the second refrigerant pipe 4b through the check valve 14d.
  • the first refrigerant pipe 4a functions as a high-pressure pipe
  • the second refrigerant pipe 4b functions as a low-pressure pipe.
  • the heat source side unit 1A includes a leakage detection device 46 that detects leakage of the refrigerant.
  • the leak detection device 46 includes, for example, a concentration detection unit (not shown) having a detection member whose resistance value changes according to the refrigerant concentration, and a leak determination that calculates the refrigerant concentration based on the resistance value of the concentration detection unit. Part (not shown).
  • the leakage determination unit calculates the concentration of the refrigerant based on the resistance value of the detection member of the concentration detection unit, and determines whether the refrigerant is leaking.
  • the leakage determination unit stores the relationship between the resistance value of the detection member of the concentration detection unit and the refrigerant concentration, and the leakage determination unit calculates the refrigerant concentration based on the resistance value of the concentration detection unit.
  • a predetermined concentration value is set in advance in the leakage determination unit, and the leakage determination unit determines that the refrigerant has not leaked when the refrigerant concentration is less than the predetermined concentration value.
  • the leakage determination unit determines that refrigerant leakage has occurred when the refrigerant concentration is equal to or higher than a predetermined concentration.
  • the predetermined concentration corresponds to the refrigerant leakage limit concentration or explosion limit lower limit value employed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the predetermined concentration when carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant is preferably set to about 1/10 of the leakage limit concentration.
  • the relay unit 20 is configured as a separate housing from the heat source side unit 1A and the plurality of load side units 30a to 30d so that it can be installed at a position different from the outdoor space and the indoor space.
  • the relay unit 20 is connected to the heat source side unit 1A via the first refrigerant pipe 4a and the second refrigerant pipe 4b, and is connected to the load side units 30a to 30d via the refrigerant pipe 5. Then, the relay unit 20 transmits the cold heat or hot heat supplied from the heat source side unit 1A to the load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the relay unit 20 includes a gas-liquid separator 21, a first throttle device 22, a second throttle device 23, and second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d.
  • the gas-liquid separator 21 is installed at the entrance of the relay unit 20, and is connected to the heat source side unit 1A via the first refrigerant pipe 4a.
  • the gas-liquid separator 21 separates the high-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side unit 1A into a liquid refrigerant and a gas refrigerant.
  • a gas pipe is connected to the upper part of the gas-liquid separator 21 and a liquid pipe is connected to the lower part.
  • the liquid refrigerant separated in the gas-liquid separator 21 flows from the lower liquid pipe to the load-side units 30a to 30d to supply cold heat, and the gas refrigerant flows from the upper gas pipe to the load-side units 30a to 30d to warm the heat. Supply.
  • the first throttling device 22 functions as a pressure reducing valve and an opening / closing valve, and decompresses the liquid refrigerant to adjust it to a predetermined pressure, and opens and closes the flow path of the liquid refrigerant.
  • the first expansion device 22 is provided in a lower pipe through which liquid refrigerant flows from the gas-liquid separator 21.
  • the first throttling device 22 may be constituted by a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, for example, an electronic expansion valve.
  • the second expansion device 23 functions as a pressure reducing valve and an on-off valve, and is interposed between the low-pressure piping on the outlet side of the relay unit 20 that leads to the second refrigerant piping 4 b side and the piping that conducts to the outlet side of the first expansion device 22. is set up.
  • the second expansion device 23 opens and closes the refrigerant passage when bypassing the refrigerant in the full heating operation mode. Further, the second expansion device 23 adjusts the bypass flow rate in accordance with the load on the load side in the heating main operation mode.
  • the second expansion device 23 may also be configured with a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, such as an electronic expansion valve.
  • the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d switch the flow path according to the operation mode of the plurality of load side units 30a to 30d, and the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d correspond to the number of load side units 30a to 30d (here, Then four) are installed.
  • the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d are connected in parallel to the liquid pipe and the gas pipe of the gas-liquid separator 21, respectively, the two opening / closing devices 25a and 25b connected to one refrigerant pipe 5, and the other Two check valves 26 a and 26 b connected to the refrigerant pipe 5.
  • the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d have two opening / closing devices 25a and 25b and two check valves 26a and 26b is exemplified. Good.
  • the opening / closing devices 25a and 25b are made of, for example, electromagnetic valves and are connected in parallel to each other.
  • One side of the switchgears 25 a and 25 b is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5.
  • the other side of the switchgear 25a is connected to the gas pipe of the gas-liquid separator 21, and the other side of the switchgear 25b is connected to the second refrigerant pipe 4b.
  • the opening / closing device 25a side is opened, and the opening / closing device 25b side is closed.
  • the opening / closing device 25b side is opened, and the opening / closing device 25a side is closed.
  • One of the check valves 26 a and 26 b is connected to the refrigerant pipe 5, and the other is connected to the first expansion device 22 and the second expansion device 23.
  • the refrigerant flows from the check valve 26a side to the load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the load side units 30a to 30d perform the heating operation
  • the refrigerant flows from the load side units 30a to 30d to the check valve 26b side and flows to the second expansion device 23.
  • the load-side units 30a to 30d are arranged at positions where cooling air or heating air can be supplied to an indoor space that is a space inside the building (for example, a living room), and cooling air is supplied to the indoor space that is the air-conditioning target space. Alternatively, heating air is supplied.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which four load-side units 30a to 30d are connected. However, the number of load-side units 30a to 30d is not limited to four, but one or more. It only has to be connected.
  • Each of the load side units 30a to 30d has a load side heat exchanger 31 and an expansion device 32, respectively.
  • the load side heat exchanger 31 is connected to the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d of the relay unit 20 via the refrigerant pipe 5.
  • the load-side heat exchanger 31 exchanges heat between air supplied from a blower such as a fan (not shown) and a refrigerant, and generates heating air or cooling air to be supplied to the indoor space.
  • a blower such as a fan (not shown) and a refrigerant
  • FIG. 1 shows an example in which each of the load-side units 30a to 30d includes one load-side heat exchanger 31, but each of the load-side units 30a to 30d has two or more load-side units.
  • a heat exchanger 31 may be provided.
  • the expansion device 32 includes a device whose opening degree can be variably controlled, such as an electronic expansion valve, and supplies the load side heat exchanger 31 with the refrigerant decompressed and expanded in the cooling operation mode.
  • the aperture of the expansion device 32 is controlled so that the superheat (superheat degree) obtained as the difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 43 and the second temperature sensor 44 is constant in the cooling operation mode. .
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating an example of the configuration of the connection unit illustrated in FIG. 1.
  • the connection unit 60 of this embodiment includes a first connection pipe 40a, a second connection pipe 40b, a branch channel 40c, a first opening / closing device 61, a second opening / closing device 62, and a third opening / closing device. 63, an oil separation / collection container 64, a backflow prevention device 65, and a unit control device 66.
  • the first connection pipe 40a connects between the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functioning as a condenser and the expansion device 32.
  • the first connection pipe 40a constitutes a part of the first refrigerant pipe 4a. ing.
  • a first opening / closing device 61 is disposed in the first connection pipe 40a.
  • the second connection pipe 40b connects the load side heat exchanger 31 functioning as an evaporator and the compressor 10, and in the example of this embodiment, constitutes a part of the second refrigerant pipe 4b.
  • a second opening / closing device 62 is disposed in the second connection pipe 40b.
  • the branch flow path 40c is connected to the second connection pipe 40b in parallel with the second opening / closing device 62.
  • a third opening / closing device 63, an oil separation and recovery container 64, and a backflow prevention device 65 are disposed in the branch flow path 40c.
  • the first opening / closing device 61 controls the passage of the refrigerant through the first connection pipe 40a, for example, by performing an opening / closing operation.
  • the first opening / closing device 61 is closed when the refrigerant leaks.
  • the second opening / closing device 62 controls the passage of the refrigerant through the second connection pipe 40b by performing an opening / closing operation.
  • the second opening / closing device 62 is closed when the refrigerant leaks and during the oil recovery operation.
  • the third opening / closing device 63 controls the passage of the refrigerant in the branch flow path 40c, for example, by performing an opening / closing operation.
  • the third opening / closing device 63 is opened during the oil recovery operation, and causes the refrigerant and the refrigerating machine oil contained in the refrigerant to flow into the oil separation / collection container 64.
  • the first opening / closing device 61, the second opening / closing device 62, and the third opening / closing device 63 are constituted by, for example, two-way valves, and are opened when power is supplied and closed when power supply is stopped.
  • the oil separation and recovery container 64 separates the refrigeration oil from the gas refrigerant including the refrigeration oil and stores the separated refrigeration oil.
  • the refrigerant from which the refrigeration oil is separated in the oil separation / collection container 64 flows out of the oil separation / collection container 64 and flows to the backflow prevention device 65.
  • the oil separation / collection container 64 is, for example, a cylindrical container having a central axis in the vertical direction, and has an inflow part for allowing the refrigerant to flow into the container and an outflow part for allowing the refrigerant to flow out from the container.
  • the gas refrigerant including the refrigerating machine oil flowing in from the inflow portion is sprayed from above on the inner wall of the container, and the refrigerating machine oil is stored in the lower part of the container along the inner wall of the container.
  • the refrigerant from which the refrigerating machine oil is separated flows out from the outflow part.
  • the oil separation / collection container 64 is not limited to the above structure, and may have another structure.
  • coolant may be comprised by the separate structure.
  • the backflow prevention device 65 is constituted by, for example, a check valve, and only allows the refrigerant flowing out of the oil separation / collection container 64 to pass, and the refrigerant flows into the oil separation / collection container 64 through the backflow prevention device 65. It prevents you from doing it.
  • the unit control device 66 is configured to include an analog circuit, a digital circuit, a CPU, or a combination of two or more thereof, and includes a first opening / closing device 61, a second opening / closing device 62, and a third opening / closing device 63. Is to control.
  • the unit controller 66 controls the first opening / closing device 61, the second opening / closing device 62, and the third opening / closing device 63 in response to an instruction from the control device 50 of the heat source side unit 1A shown in FIG.
  • the unit controller 66 when the unit controller 66 receives an instruction to perform the oil recovery operation, the unit controller 66 opens the first opening / closing device 61 and the third opening / closing device 63 and closes the second opening / closing device 62. Further, for example, when the unit control device 66 receives an instruction to perform the normal operation after the oil recovery operation, the unit control device 66 opens the first opening / closing device 61 and the second opening / closing device 62, and the third opening / closing device. 63 is closed.
  • the unit control device 66 closes the first opening / closing device 61, the second opening / closing device 62, and the third opening / closing device 63 when the leakage detection device 46 detects the leakage of the refrigerant, so that the heat source side The connection between the unit 1A and the relay unit 20 is cut off.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 can perform a cooling operation or a heating operation in the load side units 30a to 30d based on instructions from the load side units 30a to 30d. That is, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can perform the same operation for all the load side units 30a to 30d, and can perform different operations for each of the load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the operation mode executed by the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a full cooling operation mode in which all of the driven load side units 30a to 30d execute a cooling operation, and all of the driven load side units 30a to 30d are in a heating operation.
  • each operation mode is demonstrated with the flow of a heat source side refrigerant
  • the case where the load side units 30a and 30b operate is illustrated, and the load side units 30c and 30d are cooled.
  • a case where there is no load and there is no need to flow the refrigerant, and the throttle device 32 corresponding to each is illustrated as being closed. Then, when a cooling load is generated from the load side units 30c and 30d, the expansion device 32 may be opened to circulate the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the total cooling operation mode.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 is switched so that the heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • a low temperature / low pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high temperature / high pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 via the first flow path switching device 11.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 flows out of the heat source side unit 1A through the check valve 14c, and flows into the relay unit 20 through the first refrigerant pipe 4a.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the relay unit 20 passes through the gas-liquid separator 21, the first throttle device 22, the check valves 26a of the second flow path switching devices 24a and 24b, and the refrigerant pipe 5, and then the load-side unit 30a. , 30b.
  • the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is expanded by the expansion device 32 and becomes a low-temperature / low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into the load-side heat exchanger 31 of the load-side units 30a and 30b acting as evaporators, absorbs heat from the room air, and cools the room air while cooling the room air. Become a refrigerant.
  • the gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the load-side units 30a and 30b flows out of the relay unit 20 via the refrigerant pipe 5 and the opening / closing device 25b of the second flow path switching devices 24a and 24b.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the full heating operation mode.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 does not allow the heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 to pass through the heat source side heat exchanger 12. Are switched to flow into the relay unit 20.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows out of the heat source side unit 1A through the first flow path switching device 11 and the check valve 14a.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the relay unit 20 passes through the gas-liquid separator 21, the opening / closing device 25 a of the second flow path switching devices 24 a and 24 b, and the refrigerant pipe 5, and then enters each load-side unit 30 a and 30 b Inflow.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the load-side heat exchanger 31 that acts as a condenser and dissipates heat to the indoor air, so that it becomes liquid refrigerant while heating the indoor space.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the load side units 30a and 30b is expanded by the expansion device 32, and again passes through the refrigerant pipe 5, the check valve 26b, the second expansion device 23, and the second refrigerant pipe 4b, and again the heat source side unit 1A. Flow into.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the heat source side unit 1A passes through the check valve 14b and becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant while absorbing heat from the outdoor air by the heat source side heat exchanger 12. Thereafter, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the first flow path switching device 11 and the accumulator 13.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the cooling main operation mode.
  • the cooling main operation mode shown in FIG. 5 the first flow path switching device 11 is switched so that the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows into the heat source side heat exchanger 12 via the first flow path switching device 11.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant becomes a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant while radiating heat to the outdoor air by the heat source side heat exchanger 12.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source side heat exchanger 12 flows into the relay unit 20 through the check valve 14c and the first refrigerant pipe 4a.
  • the two-phase refrigerant that has flowed into the relay unit 20 is separated into a high-pressure gas refrigerant and a high-pressure liquid refrigerant by the gas-liquid separator 21.
  • the high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the load-side unit 30b side after passing through the opening / closing device 25a and the refrigerant pipe 5 of the second flow path switching device 24b. And it flows into the load side heat exchanger 31 of the load side unit 30b which acts as a condenser, and becomes a liquid refrigerant while heating the indoor space by dissipating heat to the indoor air.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the load side heat exchanger 31 of the load side unit 30b is expanded by the expansion device 32 and passes through the refrigerant pipe 5 and the check valve 26b.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has passed through the check valve 26b is separated by the gas-liquid separator 21 and merged with the intermediate-pressure liquid refrigerant that has been expanded to an intermediate pressure (for example, about high pressure ⁇ 0.3 MPa) by the first expansion device 22. To do.
  • the merged liquid refrigerant passes through the check valve 26a and the refrigerant pipe 5, and is then expanded by the expansion device 32 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • This two-phase refrigerant flows into the load-side heat exchanger 31 of the load-side unit 30a that functions as an evaporator, and absorbs heat from the room air, thereby becoming a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant while cooling the room air.
  • the gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the load-side heat exchanger 31 flows out of the relay unit 20 via the refrigerant pipe 5 and the opening / closing device 25b, and flows into the heat source side unit 1A again through the second refrigerant pipe 4b.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the heat source side unit 1A passes through the check valve 14d, and is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the first flow path switching device 11 and the accumulator 13.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus shown in FIG. 1 in the heating main operation mode.
  • a cooling load is generated in the load side unit 30a and a heating load is generated in the load side unit 30b is illustrated.
  • the first flow path switching device 11 does not pass the heat source side refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 through the heat source side heat exchanger 12. It is switched so as to flow into 20.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 10 and discharged as a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 10 flows out of the heat source side unit 1A through the first flow path switching device 11 and the check valve 14a.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the heat source unit 1A flows into the relay unit 20 through the first refrigerant pipe 4a on the high-pressure refrigerant side.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the relay unit 20 flows into the load-side unit 30b side after passing through the gas-liquid separator 21, the opening / closing device 25a of the second flow path switching device 24b, and the refrigerant pipe 5.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the load-side heat exchanger 31 of the load-side unit 30b that acts as a condenser and dissipates heat to the indoor air, so that it becomes a liquid refrigerant while heating the indoor space.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed out of the load side heat exchanger 31 of the load side unit 30b is expanded by the expansion device 32 and passes through the check pipe 26b on the refrigerant pipe 5 and the second flow path switching device 24b side to The flow is branched into a check valve 26a on the two-channel switching device 24a side and a second throttle device 23 used as a bypass.
  • the liquid refrigerant that has flowed to the check valve 26a flows through the refrigerant pipe 5 and then flows into the load-side unit 30a.
  • the liquid refrigerant is expanded by the expansion device 32 to become a low-temperature / low-pressure two-phase refrigerant.
  • This two-phase refrigerant flows into the load-side heat exchanger 31 acting as an evaporator and absorbs heat from the room air, so that it becomes a low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant while cooling the room air.
  • the gas refrigerant flowing out from the load-side heat exchanger 31 passes through the refrigerant pipe 5 and the opening / closing device 25b, and then merges with the liquid refrigerant bypassed at the outlet of the second expansion device 23 and flows out from the relay unit 20.
  • the merged refrigerant flows into the heat source side unit 1A again through the second refrigerant pipe 4b, passes through the check valve 14b, absorbs heat from the outdoor air in the heat source side heat exchanger 12, and is cooled at low temperature and low pressure. become. Then, the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant is again sucked into the compressor 10 via the first flow path switching device 11 and the accumulator 13.
  • the control of each operation mode and the control of the refrigerant circuit 100A described above are performed by the control device 50.
  • the control device 50 is configured by a microcomputer or the like, and controls the entire operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 based on detection information from various sensors and instructions from a remote controller.
  • the control device 50 is illustrated as being provided in the heat source side unit 1A, it may be provided on the load side units 30a to 30d, or may be provided on the heat source side unit 1A or the load side units 30a to 30a. It may be provided separately from 30d.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a first pressure sensor 41 that detects the pressure of the refrigerant flowing between the gas-liquid separator 21 and the first expansion device 22, and the pressure of the refrigerant that has passed through the first expansion device 22.
  • the first pressure sensor 41, the first temperature sensor 43, and the second temperature sensor 44 function as a refrigerant temperature sensor that detects the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the load-side heat exchanger 31.
  • the controller 50 controls the first pressure so that the pressure difference between the pressure detected by the first pressure sensor 41 and the pressure detected by the second pressure sensor 42 becomes a predetermined pressure difference (for example, 0.3 MPa).
  • the operation of the diaphragm device 22 is controlled. Further, the control device 50 determines the difference between the value detected by the first pressure sensor 41 and the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 43 during the heating operation of the load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the degree of opening of the expansion device 32 is controlled such that the subcool (degree of supercooling) obtained is constant.
  • the control device 50 When the cooling operation of the load side units 30a to 30d is performed, the control device 50 has a superheat (superheat degree) obtained as a difference between the temperature detected by the first temperature sensor 43 and the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor 44.
  • the opening degree of the expansion device 32 is controlled so as to be constant.
  • the oil recovery operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is performed, for example, when the refrigerant sealed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is changed from an old refrigerant to a new refrigerant.
  • the change of the refrigerant from the old refrigerant to the new refrigerant is, for example, that the compressor 10 and the accumulator 13 are first replaced with ones that are suitable for the new refrigerant to be sealed, and then adapted to the new refrigerant and the new refrigerant.
  • New refrigeration oil is enclosed in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • the oil recovery operation is performed to recover the old refrigerating machine oil remaining in the refrigerant circuit 100A.
  • the refrigerant in the oil recovery operation, is circulated through the refrigerant circuit 100A in the full heating operation mode shown in FIG. 4, and then the refrigerant is circulated through the refrigerant circuit 100A in the full cooling operation mode shown in FIG. To be executed.
  • the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 in the full heating operation mode and the operation of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 in the full cooling operation mode are performed by increasing the number of revolutions of the compressor 10, for example.
  • the machine 10 may be operated with a high load. By operating the compressor 10 with a high load, the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit 100A is increased.
  • the expansion devices 32 of all the load side units 30a to 30d are opened so that the refrigerant flows through all of the load side units 30a to 30d at a time.
  • the expansion devices 32 of the load-side units 30a to 30d may be opened in order so that the refrigerant flows in order to the units 30a to 30d.
  • the first opening / closing device 61 shown in FIG. 2 is in an open state, and the second opening / closing device 62 and the third opening / closing device 63 are At least one of is open.
  • the second opening / closing device 62 is in the open state, the pressure loss can be reduced compared to when the third opening / closing device 63 is in the open state.
  • the refrigerant becomes the refrigerant circuit 100A as shown in FIG. Circulate. As shown in FIG.
  • the full cooling operation mode shown in FIG. 3 is carried out.
  • the first opening / closing device 61 and the third opening / closing device 63 shown in FIG. 2 are in the open state, and the second opening / closing device 62 is in the closed state. It has become.
  • the refrigerant circulates through the refrigerant circuit 100A as shown in FIG.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the load side heat exchanger 31 functioning as an evaporator flows into the connection unit 60 of FIG.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the connection unit 60 passes through the third opening / closing device 63 disposed in the branch flow path 40c and flows into the oil separation / collection container 64.
  • the oil separation / collection container 64 separates the refrigerating machine oil from the refrigerant containing the refrigerating machine oil, and stores the separated refrigerating machine oil.
  • the refrigerant from which the refrigeration oil is separated in the oil separation and recovery container 64 passes through the backflow prevention device 65, flows through the second refrigerant pipe 4b, flows into the heat source side unit 1A, and is compressed by the compressor 10. .
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes at least the heat source side unit 1A including the compressor 10 and the heat source side heat exchanger 12, the expansion device 32, and the load side heat exchanger 31.
  • a heat source side heat exchanger 12 that functions as a condenser when the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser.
  • a connection unit 60 having a first connection pipe 40a connecting between the expansion device 32 and a second connection pipe 40b connecting between the load-side heat exchanger 31 functioning as an evaporator and the compressor 10. Contains.
  • connection unit 60 is arrange
  • the connection unit 60 includes a unit controller 66 that controls the first opening / closing device 61, the second opening / closing device 62, and the third opening / closing device 63.
  • the unit control device 66 opens the first opening / closing device 61 and the third opening / closing device 63 when performing the oil recovery operation in which the heat source side heat exchanger 12 functions as a condenser to recover the refrigerating machine oil contained in the refrigerant. Then, the second opening / closing device 62 is closed. Further, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to this embodiment includes a leakage detection device 46 that detects refrigerant leakage. The unit control device 66 is configured to detect the refrigerant leakage when the leakage detection device 46 detects refrigerant leakage. The first switching device 61, the second switching device 62, and the third switching device 63 are closed, and the connection between the heat source side unit 1A and the load side unit 30a is cut off.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 since the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to this embodiment includes the connection unit 60 having a function of collecting refrigeration oil contained in the refrigerant, the refrigerant can be easily changed. For example, when changing the refrigerant from the old refrigerant to the new refrigerant, the compressor 10 and the accumulator 13 are replaced with ones suitable for the new refrigerant to be changed, and after the new refrigerant is sealed, the oil recovery operation is performed. And the old refrigeration oil used with the old refrigerant may be recovered. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the refrigerant of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be changed in a short time and at a low cost.
  • connection unit 60 has a function of cutting off the connection between the heat source unit 1A and the load units 30a to 30d, so that the refrigerant is supplied from the refrigerant circuit 100A.
  • the connection between the heat source side unit 1A and the load side units 30a to 30d can be cut off to suppress the leakage of the refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant used in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is flammable, the above effect becomes significant.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes a first refrigerant pipe 4a and a second refrigerant pipe that connect the heat source side unit 1A and the load side unit 30a outside the heat source side unit 1A and the load side unit 30a. 4b, the first connection pipe 40a forms part of the first refrigerant pipe 4a, and the second connection pipe 40b forms part of the second refrigerant pipe 4b. That is, in this embodiment, since the connection unit 60 is disposed outside the heat source side unit 1A and the load side unit 30a, the connection unit 60 can be easily disposed. Preferably, as described above, the connection unit 60 is configured to be disposed outside the heat source side unit 1A and the load side unit 30a. However, the connection unit 60 is provided inside the heat source side unit 1A. It may be arranged.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 having the above-described effects can be obtained only by arranging the connection unit 60 and the leak detection apparatus 46 in the existing refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • the refrigerant in the oil recovery operation, the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigerant circuit 100A in the full heating operation mode shown in FIG. 4, and then the refrigerant is circulated in the refrigerant circuit 100A in the full cooling operation mode shown in FIG.
  • the step of circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit 100A in the full heating operation mode shown in FIG. 4 can be omitted. That is, the oil recovery operation only needs to include a step of circulating the refrigerant through the refrigerant circuit 100A in at least the total cooling operation mode shown in FIG.
  • the oil recovery operation includes a step of circulating the refrigerant in the full heating operation mode and a step of circulating the refrigerant in the full cooling operation mode, so that the refrigerating machine oil remaining in the refrigerant circuit 100A can be suitably removed. .
  • the oil recovery operation includes a step of circulating the refrigerant in the full cooling operation mode, a step of circulating the refrigerant in the full heating operation mode, a step of circulating the refrigerant in the cooling main operation mode, and the refrigerant in the heating main operation mode. It is also possible to carry out by freely combining the step of circulating.
  • control device 50 has a function of controlling the oil recovery operation, and an example in which the compressor 10 is operated at a high load during the oil recovery operation has been described. If the function for controlling the recovery operation is not provided, for example, when the oil recovery operation is performed, the load side units 30a to 30d may be controlled so that the load on the load side units 30a to 30d is increased. .
  • the oil recovery operation may be automatically executed when the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 is operated for the first time or when the operation is restored after changing the refrigerant.
  • the leakage detection device 46 is installed in the heat source side unit 1A.
  • the leakage detection device 46 is installed in other places such as the load side units 30a to 30d, for example. It may be installed.
  • the second flow path switching devices 24a to 24d have been described as being built in the relay unit 20, but may be built in the load side units 30a to 30d.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 has been described as being capable of performing a cooling and heating mixed operation, but may be configured to perform only a cooling operation.
  • the backflow prevention device 65 may be configured by an opening / closing device such as an on-off valve.
  • the backflow prevention device 65 configured by the opening / closing device may be opened during the oil recovery operation.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram schematically showing an example of the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 of FIG. 7 parts having the same configuration as the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 has a refrigerant circuit 200A.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 of FIG. 7 differs from the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of FIG. 1 in that in the heat source side unit 1A1 of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200, the four check valves 14a to 14d of the heat source side unit 1A of the refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 are provided.
  • the heat source side unit 1A1 and the plurality of load side units 30a to 30d are directly connected without passing through the relay unit 20 in the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200.
  • the refrigeration cycle apparatus 200 of this embodiment also has the connection unit 60, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be variously modified within the scope of the present invention. That is, the configuration of the above embodiment may be improved as appropriate, or at least a part of the configuration may be replaced with another configuration. Further, the configuration requirements that are not particularly limited with respect to the arrangement are not limited to the arrangement disclosed in the embodiment, and can be arranged at a position where the function can be achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention vise à fournir un dispositif à cycle de réfrigération qui permet de réaliser facilement le changement d'un fluide frigorigène. Le dispositif à cycle de réfrigération (100) selon la présente invention comprend une unité de raccordement (60) qui a : un premier tuyau de raccordement (40a) qui se raccorde entre un échangeur de chaleur côté source de chaleur (12) servant de condenseur et un dispositif d'étranglement (32); et un second tuyau de raccordement (40b) qui se raccorde entre un échangeur de chaleur côté charge (31) servant d'évaporateur et un compresseur (10). L'unité de raccordement comprend : un premier dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture (61) qui est disposé dans le premier tuyau de raccordement et commande le passage du fluide frigorigène; un deuxième dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture (62) qui est disposé dans le second tuyau de raccordement et commande le passage du fluide frigorigène; un trajet d'écoulement de ramification (40c) qui est relié au second tuyau de raccordement en parallèle avec le deuxième dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture; un récipient de séparation/récupération d'huile (64) qui est disposé dans le trajet d'écoulement de ramification, et sépare l'huile de réfrigération comprise dans le fluide frigorigène et retient l'huile de réfrigération séparée; et un troisième dispositif d'ouverture et de fermeture (63) qui est disposé dans le trajet d'écoulement de ramification et commande le passage du fluide frigorigène dans le récipient de séparation/récupération d'huile.
PCT/JP2015/067128 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération WO2016203507A1 (fr)

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PCT/JP2015/067128 WO2016203507A1 (fr) 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 Dispositif à cycle de réfrigération
JP2017524149A JP6391825B2 (ja) 2015-06-15 2015-06-15 冷凍サイクル装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018221613A1 (fr) * 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 ダイキン工業株式会社 Unité de séparation gaz-liquide d'un dispositif de réfrigération, et dispositif de réfrigération
WO2020004108A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 Système de climatisation

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JP2001280763A (ja) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調装置
JP2002277110A (ja) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調装置及びその運転方法
JP2003130503A (ja) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法
JP2011021837A (ja) * 2009-07-16 2011-02-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置および冷凍サイクル装置の制御方法
WO2011099058A1 (fr) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-18 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
WO2012160598A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001280763A (ja) * 2000-03-30 2001-10-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調装置
JP2002277110A (ja) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調装置及びその運転方法
JP2003130503A (ja) * 2001-10-22 2003-05-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍・空調システムのリプレース方法
JP2011021837A (ja) * 2009-07-16 2011-02-03 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍サイクル装置および冷凍サイクル装置の制御方法
WO2011099058A1 (fr) * 2010-02-10 2011-08-18 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de climatisation
WO2012160598A1 (fr) * 2011-05-23 2012-11-29 三菱電機株式会社 Climatiseur

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018221613A1 (fr) * 2017-05-31 2018-12-06 ダイキン工業株式会社 Unité de séparation gaz-liquide d'un dispositif de réfrigération, et dispositif de réfrigération
JP2018204945A (ja) * 2017-05-31 2018-12-27 ダイキン工業株式会社 冷凍装置の気液分離ユニット、及び冷凍装置
WO2020004108A1 (fr) * 2018-06-25 2020-01-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 Système de climatisation
JPWO2020004108A1 (ja) * 2018-06-25 2021-07-15 ダイキン工業株式会社 空気調和システム

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