WO2016189773A1 - 植物栽培装置 - Google Patents
植物栽培装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016189773A1 WO2016189773A1 PCT/JP2016/000519 JP2016000519W WO2016189773A1 WO 2016189773 A1 WO2016189773 A1 WO 2016189773A1 JP 2016000519 W JP2016000519 W JP 2016000519W WO 2016189773 A1 WO2016189773 A1 WO 2016189773A1
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- hollow tube
- transparent hollow
- light
- plant
- prism
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/04—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth
- A01G7/045—Electric or magnetic or acoustic treatment of plants for promoting growth with electric lighting
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a cultivation apparatus.
- Plants are cultivated while irradiating light from above or obliquely from above (for example, see Patent Document 1).
- the light irradiation mainly from above by the sun or artificial light does not allow sufficient light to reach the middle part of the plant, and there is a risk that plant growth may be hindered.
- This invention solves the said conventional subject, and it aims at providing the plant cultivation apparatus which can irradiate light not only to the upper part of a plant but to an intermediate part.
- the plant cultivation apparatus includes a cultivation plate for holding a plant, a transparent hollow located above the cultivation plate and spaced from the cultivation plate, and having a hollow portion therein.
- a tube an illumination that is positioned above the transparent hollow tube at a distance from the transparent hollow tube, and emits light downward, a light source that introduces artificial light into the transparent hollow tube,
- An air duct for supplying air to the hollow portion, and the transparent hollow tube has a blower opening for injecting the air supplied to the hollow portion upward, and proceeds in the longitudinal direction of the transparent hollow tube
- a prism that reflects the artificial light upward is provided at the position of the ventilation opening in a plan view.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a plant cultivation apparatus in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the plant cultivation apparatus in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an A arrow view of the plant cultivation apparatus in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a view showing an optical path and an air flow path in the air blowing / illuminating unit in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the operation of the air blowing and lighting unit in plant cultivation in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the air blowing / illuminating unit in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the air blowing / illuminating unit in the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a blower / illumination unit in another example of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a plant cultivation apparatus 1 in the present embodiment.
- Drawing 1 is a figure which looked at plant cultivation device 1 from the side.
- the plant cultivation apparatus 1 includes a cultivation plate 110 for holding a plant 140, a transparent hollow tube 104 that is positioned above the cultivation plate 110 at a distance from the cultivation plate 110 and has a hollow portion 1000 therein. Have.
- the plant cultivation apparatus 1 has an illumination 112 that is positioned above the transparent hollow tube 104 at a distance from the transparent hollow tube 104 and emits light downward.
- the plant cultivation apparatus 1 includes a light source 100 that introduces artificial light 120 into the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the plant cultivation apparatus 1 includes an air duct 107 that supplies air to the hollow portion 1000.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 has a blower opening 106 through which the air supplied to the hollow portion 1000 is injected upward.
- the prism 105 that reflects the artificial light 120 traveling in the longitudinal direction L of the transparent hollow tube 104 upward is located at the position of the air blowing opening 106 in a plan view (when viewed from above). Have.
- a light source 100 such as an LED that emits artificial light 120.
- a wavelength filter 101 that transmits only blue light.
- the wavelength filter 101 transmits light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 500 nm, for example.
- the wavelength filter 101 may not be provided.
- the reflector 102 is disposed so as to surround the light source 100 and the wavelength filter 101, and the inner surface is a high reflectivity surface.
- the light source 100, the wavelength filter 101, and the reflector 102 may be collectively referred to as a light source unit 103.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 is made of a transparent resin such as polycarbonate, acrylic, or ABS.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 has a cylindrical shape of ⁇ 50, for example.
- a hollow portion 1000 is disposed in the central portion inside the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the hollow part 1000 is completely covered with the transparent hollow tube 104.
- a light source unit 103 is disposed at one end of the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the light source unit 103 is arranged so that the artificial light 120 from the light source 100 is emitted in the longitudinal direction L of the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 is provided with an air duct 107 that is a hollow tube for supplying air, and air is introduced into the hollow portion 1000 from the opening 104 a of the air duct 107.
- the introduced air travels along the longitudinal direction L, passes through the ventilation opening 106 provided at the other end of the transparent hollow tube 104, and is irradiated to the plant 140.
- a prism 105 is formed below the outer shape of the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the prism 105 causes the artificial light 120 propagating through the transparent hollow tube 104 to be emitted upward with total reflection.
- the light emitted downward from the illumination 112 above is hardly reflected by the prism 105. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently irradiate light below the plant 140 without blocking the light of the illumination 112.
- the air jetted from the blower opening 106 arranged on the upper side of the transparent hollow tube 104 hits the back of the plant 140.
- the air blowing opening 106 is disposed near the top of the prism 105.
- Blower plugs 108 are disposed at both ends of the hollow portion 1000 of the transparent hollow tube 104, and air supplied from the air duct 107 is injected only from the blower opening 106.
- the above-described configuration including the light source unit 103 and the transparent hollow tube 104 may be collectively referred to as a blower / illumination unit 11.
- the blower / illuminator unit 11 is held by a guide 500.
- the guide 500 moves the transparent hollow tube 104 in a direction away from the cultivation plate 110.
- the illumination 112 is arranged on the upper side of the cultivation plate 110 (the ceiling side of the plant cultivation device 1) and is an upper illumination device that irradiates light toward the plant.
- the illumination 112 is illumination that irradiates artificial light such as a fluorescent lamp or LED.
- the cultivation plate 110 is arranged on the floor, the transparent hollow tube 104 is arranged in the middle, and the illumination 112 is arranged on the ceiling.
- the cultivation plate 110, the transparent hollow tube 104, and the illumination 112 are separated from each other. Spaces are arranged between the cultivation plate 110, the transparent hollow tube 104, and the illumination 112, respectively. With such an arrangement, light and air can be efficiently applied to the middle part of the plant 140.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the plant cultivation apparatus 1 as seen from above (plan view).
- the cultivation plate 110 is made of, for example, styrofoam.
- a nutrient solution for plant cultivation is arranged under the cultivation plate 110, and the cultivation plate 110 is installed so that the roots of the plant are immersed.
- the cultivation plate 110 is provided with a plurality of plant arrangement holes 111.
- the blower / illumination unit 11 is arranged between the plant arrangement holes 111 in a plan view. That is, the transparent hollow tube 104 is arranged between plants.
- FIG. 1 one air blowing / illuminating unit 11 is illustrated, but as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of air blowing / illuminating units 11 are prepared and the air blowing / illuminating units 11 are sandwiched from both sides of the cultivation plate 110. You may arrange.
- FIG. 3 is a view of the plant cultivation apparatus 1 of FIG.
- the air blowing and lighting unit 11 including the transparent hollow tube 104 may be provided in a plurality of stages between the cultivation plate 110 and the lighting 112. Even if a plant grows and becomes tall, light irradiation and air blowing can be performed on the leaf surface of the plant.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 is made of a material that is transparent to the light from the illumination 112, even if the transparent hollow tube 104 is multi-staged, the illumination light is not blocked and the plant can be efficiently irradiated with light. .
- the prism 105 also does not block the light from the illumination 112.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an optical path and an air flow path in the blower / illumination unit 11.
- the artificial light 120 from the light source 100 is transmitted only through the blue wavelength region by the wavelength filter 101 and enters from the end face of the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the artificial light 120 incident on the transparent hollow tube 104 propagates in the longitudinal direction L while totally reflecting the transparent resin portion of the transparent hollow tube 104, and is a prism formed below the outer shape of the transparent hollow tube 104. 105 is incident.
- the artificial light 120 incident on the prism 105 is totally reflected by the slope of the prism 105, changes the optical path, and is emitted upward in the transparent hollow tube 104. That is, the transparent hollow tube 104 has a prism 105 that reflects the artificial light 120 that has traveled in the longitudinal direction L of the transparent hollow tube 104 upward at the position of the air blowing opening 106 in plan view.
- the air 130 supplied from the air duct 107 flows through the hollow portion of the transparent hollow tube 104 because both ends of the transparent hollow tube 104 are closed by the blow plugs 108, and the transparent hollow tube 104 passes through the hollow portion 106. It becomes the injection air 131 injected above the pipe 104. Since the air blowing opening 106 is disposed near the top of the prism 105, light and air can be emitted from substantially the same position of the transparent hollow tube 104, and light and air can be efficiently emitted to the leaf surface of the plant. Can be irradiated. By applying blue light to the backside of the plant, the pores are opened, and further, the growth of the plant can be accelerated by irradiating with air.
- FIG. 5 shows the operation of the air blowing and lighting unit 11 according to the plant growth stage.
- the height of the plant 140 is low, so that light and air are irradiated to the leaf back of the plant 140 by the lower air blowing and lighting unit 11.
- the plant 140 grows and becomes taller, if there is a lighting unit and a ventilation opening only in a portion close to the cultivation plate 110, the lower leaf of the plant 140 is blocked and light and air reach the upper leaf. It becomes difficult.
- FIG.5 (b) even if the plant 140 grows by arrange
- the transparent hollow tube 104 is a rod-like body having no protrusions on the outside, it can be removed by simply pulling out the air blowing and lighting unit 11 from both sides when the plant 140 is harvested as shown in FIG.
- the plant 140 can be easily harvested.
- the plant cultivation apparatus further includes a guide 500 that moves the transparent hollow tube 104 away from the cultivation plate 110.
- the guide 500 includes a rail, and more specifically, is configured by a roller rail.
- the guide 500 holds the plurality of transparent hollow tubes 104 and fixes the plurality of transparent hollow tubes 104 so as to be evenly positioned in the height direction.
- the air blowing / illuminating units 11 are arranged in multiple stages, and the air is blown at the same time as irradiating blue illumination from the lower side, thereby opening the pores on the back of the plant and improving the growth state of the plant. Can be made. Moreover, since a heat source such as a fluorescent lamp is not arranged near the plant, leaf burning or the like does not occur.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 even if the transparent hollow tube 104 is positioned between the illumination and the plant plate, the illumination light is not blocked. Therefore, the light from illumination can be efficiently irradiated to the root of a plant. In addition, even when the height of the plant is equal to or lower than the height of the transparent hollow tube 104 at the initial stage of plant cultivation, the light from the illumination can be efficiently irradiated onto the plant.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 is made of a material that exhibits a transmittance of 80% or more with respect to the irradiation light from the illumination 112.
- the artificial light 120 from the light source 100 is white light and the wavelength filter 101 is used to facilitate adjustment of the illumination color.
- the blue light emission is used for the light source 100 and the wavelength filter 101 is omitted. Also good. This is more energy efficient.
- the light source 100 (first light source) for irradiating the artificial light 120 and the prism 105 are formed below the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the prism 105 may be formed.
- the transparent area 2000 has a higher transmittance than the area where the prism 105 is disposed. For this reason, it becomes possible to suppress unnecessary scattering and absorption, and the light from the illumination 112 can be efficiently irradiated to the plant.
- the prism 105 has a triangular cross section, but may have a trapezoidal shape or other shapes.
- the second prism 142 may be disposed above the outer shape of the transparent hollow tube 104, and the second light source 600 and the second wavelength filter 141 may be disposed above the end surface of the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the light source 100 is a first light source that irradiates first artificial light as the artificial light 120
- the prism 105 is a first prism.
- the plant cultivation apparatus 1 further includes a second light source 600 that introduces the second artificial light 601 into the transparent hollow tube 104.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 further includes a second prism 142 that reflects the second artificial light 601 traveling in the longitudinal direction L of the transparent hollow tube 104 downward at a position facing the first prism 105. .
- the prism 105 is disposed only in a part of the transparent hollow tube 104. By minimizing the arrangement of the prism 105, the light from the illumination 112 can be more efficiently irradiated to the vicinity of the root of the plant. Specifically, when the transparent hollow tube 104 is viewed in plan, the region where the prism 105 is arranged is designed so that the area is 10% or more and 30% or less of the entire area of the transparent hollow tube 104. preferable. In addition, when the transparent hollow tube 104 is viewed in plan, it is preferable to design a region where the prism 105 and the second prism 142 are arranged so that the area is 10% or more and 30% or less of the whole.
- the second wavelength filter 141 may be a red filter having a wavelength of 600 nm to 700 nm, for example. Alternatively, the second wavelength filter 141 may be omitted to assist the illumination 112 in FIG.
- the leaf surface can be efficiently irradiated with light.
- the second prism 142 also does not block the light from the illumination 112.
- the leaf surface is irradiated with the second artificial light 601 including red for photosynthesis.
- the ventilation / illumination unit 11 was made into three steps, it is not limited to this number of steps.
- the ventilation / illumination unit 11 is arranged in parallel to the end face of the cultivation plate 110, it may be arranged obliquely. Even if the vertical position of the blower / lighting unit 11 is fixed, a mechanism for changing the vertical position is provided in the guide 500, and the vertical position of the blower / lighting unit 11 is changed according to the growth of the plant 140. Also good.
- the transparent hollow tube 104 may have a curvature.
- the plant 140 By arranging the plant 140 near the center of the curvature, that is, by covering the periphery of the plant 140 with the transparent hollow tube 104, the plant 140 can be irradiated with light more efficiently. Even in this case, artificial light propagates through the wall surface of the transparent hollow tube 104 and reaches each prism.
- the radius of curvature of the curvature is preferably 50 mm or more and 500 mm or less. By making it into this range, the plant 140 can be irradiated with light more efficiently.
- the opening diameter of the air blowing opening 106 may be changed depending on the location.
- a plurality of ventilation openings 106 may be provided, and a location with a large ventilation volume and a location with a small ventilation volume may be provided.
- light and air can be actively irradiated to plants that are difficult to spread light and air from above, such as tall fruits and vegetables, or plants with thick leaves.
- transpiration is promoted by blowing air, photosynthesis can be accelerated, the growth of plants can be accelerated, and the yield per area or time can be increased.
- Air is the earth's atmosphere, which means a gas composed of numerous trace components in addition to nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide.
- the air may contain water vapor.
- This plant cultivation device is applicable not only to artificial light cultivation environments such as plant factories, but also as supplementary devices in facility cultivation using sunlight such as greenhouse houses.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本実施形態における植物栽培装置1の断面模式図である。図1は植物栽培装置1を側面方向から見た図である。植物栽培装置1は、植物140を保持するための栽培プレート110と、前記栽培プレート110の上方に該栽培プレート110と間隔を置いて位置し、内部に中空部1000を有する透明中空管104と、を有する。植物栽培装置1は、前記透明中空管104の上方に該透明中空管104と間隔を置いて位置し、下方に向けて光を照射する照明112を有する。植物栽培装置1は、前記透明中空管104に人工光120を導入する光源100を備える。植物栽培装置1は、前記中空部1000に空気を供給するエアダクト107を備える。前記透明中空管104は、前記中空部1000に供給された前記空気を上方に射出する送風開口106を有する。前記透明中空管104の長手方向Lに進行した前記人工光120を上方に反射するプリズム105を、平面視(上方から見た際)において前記送風開口106の位置に、透明中空管104は有する。
Claims (9)
- 植物を保持するための栽培プレートと、
前記栽培プレートの上方に該栽培プレートと間隔を置いて位置し、内部に中空部を有する透明中空管と、
前記透明中空管の上方に該透明中空管と間隔を置いて位置し、下方に向けて光を照射する照明と、
前記透明中空管に人工光を導入する光源と、
前記中空部に空気を供給するエアダクトと、を備え、
前記透明中空管は、前記中空部に供給された前記空気を上方に射出する送風開口を有し、
前記透明中空管は、前記透明中空管の長手方向に進行した前記人工光を上方に反射するプリズムを、平面視において前記送風開口の位置に有する、植物栽培装置。 - 前記光源は、前記人工光として第1人工光を照射する第1光源であり、
前記プリズムは第1プリズムであり、
前記透明中空管に第2人工光を導入する第2光源を更に備え、
前記透明中空管は、前記第1プリズムと対向する位置に、前記透明中空管の長手方向に進行した前記第2人工光を下方に反射する第2プリズムを更に有する、請求項1の植物栽培装置。 - 前記第1人工光は、青色光又は白色光であり、
前記第2人工光は、赤色光または白色光である、請求項2の植物栽培装置。 - 前記第1人工光は、青色光であり、
前記第2人工光は、赤色光である、請求項3の植物栽培装置。 - 前記透明中空管は、高さ方向に複数段設けられる、請求項1~4のいずれかの植物栽培装置。
- 前記透明中空管を平面視した際に、前記プリズムの面積が占める割合は、前記透明中空管全体の面積の10%以上かつ30%以下である、請求項1~5のいずれかの植物栽培装置。
- 前記透明中空管は、曲率を有する、請求項1~6のいずれかの植物栽培装置。
- 前記透明中空管の前記曲率の曲率半径は、50mm以上かつ500mm以下である、請求項7の植物栽培装置。
- 前記透明中空管を前記栽培プレートから離間する方向に移動させるガイドを更に備える、請求項1~8いずれかの植物栽培装置。
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JP2016547188A JP6023993B1 (ja) | 2015-05-25 | 2016-02-02 | 植物栽培装置 |
EP16735971.0A EP3120692B1 (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2016-02-02 | Plant cultivation apparatus |
CA2936435A CA2936435C (en) | 2015-05-25 | 2016-02-02 | Plant cultivation device |
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JP2019058110A (ja) * | 2017-09-26 | 2019-04-18 | 株式会社ボックス | 植物育成用照明装置 |
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NL2020472B1 (en) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-22 | Logiqs B V | Improved casing for accommodating lamps |
EP3918030A1 (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2021-12-08 | Merck Patent GmbH | Method for controlling a condition of a plant |
US20230003369A1 (en) * | 2020-02-18 | 2023-01-05 | DemeGrow, Inc | Contolled grow-light container systems |
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