WO2016180120A1 - 大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔 - Google Patents

大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016180120A1
WO2016180120A1 PCT/CN2016/078770 CN2016078770W WO2016180120A1 WO 2016180120 A1 WO2016180120 A1 WO 2016180120A1 CN 2016078770 W CN2016078770 W CN 2016078770W WO 2016180120 A1 WO2016180120 A1 WO 2016180120A1
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Prior art keywords
wedge
slot
stator
auxiliary
slot wedge
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PCT/CN2016/078770
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李伟力
王立坤
李栋
薛易
李金阳
曹君慈
张晓晨
霍菲阳
焦晓霞
张富全
沈稼丰
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北京交通大学
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Application filed by 北京交通大学 filed Critical 北京交通大学
Priority to RU2017140116A priority Critical patent/RU2720589C2/ru
Publication of WO2016180120A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016180120A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00—Details of windings
    • H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
    • H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
    • H02K3/487—Slot-closing devices
    • H02K3/493—Slot-closing devices magnetic

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  • the invention relates to the electromagnetic, heat transfer and cooling technology of a large steam turbine generator, in particular to the main and auxiliary slot wedges of a large steam turbine generator. Especially for large steam turbine generators, magnetic/non-magnetic stator main and auxiliary slot wedges and their cooling systems.
  • stator armature winding will also play a larger role in the stator wedge. force. Under the influence of electromagnetic force and temperature change, the stator wedge will have problems such as cracking and cracking.
  • stator slot wedge is changed from the non-magnetic stator slot wedge to the magnetic stator slot wedge, which can effectively reduce the harmonic content in the air gap, thereby reducing the rotor surface loss and improving the generator efficiency.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a stator main and auxiliary slot wedge of a large steam turbine generator, improve the safety of the stator wedge, and reduce the influence of electromagnetic force and temperature change on the stator wedge.
  • stator main and auxiliary slot wedges of the large steam turbine generator are characterized in that: the stator main and auxiliary slot wedges are double-slot wedge structures of upper and lower layers, the upper slot wedge 1 is a sub-slot wedge, and the lower layer wedge 2 is a main slot wedge. ,
  • the upper surface of the upper wedge is flush with the slot
  • the upper surface of the upper wedge is slightly lower than the notch.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 adopts both a magnetic conductive and a conductive alloy material
  • the lower slot wedge 2 adopts an insulating material which is neither magnetic nor conductive
  • the top surface of the lower wedge 2 is provided with a dovetail groove 3, and the bottom surface of the upper wedge 1 is provided with a projection adapted to the dovetail 3, and the upper wedge 1 is fixed in the dovetail 3 of the lower wedge 2 by a projection.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 adopts neither a magnetic conductive nor a conductive insulating material
  • the lower slot wedge 2 adopts an insulating material which is neither magnetic nor conductive
  • the magnetic wedge 5 is embedded in the gap.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 is an internally cooled structure, and is provided with a one-way single ventilation hole or a one-way double ventilation hole.
  • the one-way single vent hole forms an axially outer vent hole to directly cool the stator tooth core.
  • the unidirectional double venting holes are arranged in such a manner that two venting openings are arranged side by side, or two venting openings are vertically arranged, or two venting openings are obliquely arranged alternately.
  • the stator main and auxiliary slot wedge of the large steam turbine generator with the cooling air passage of the invention is designed to effectively reduce local overheating caused by generator loss, improve the ventilation cooling effect of the generator and improve the efficiency of the generator, and enhance the generator.
  • the ability to operate safely and stably avoids the effects and hazards of the generator due to excessive local temperature of the generator stator.
  • the invention can effectively reduce the loss and local high temperature of the generator rotor, reduce the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field of the generator, avoid the influence of the excessive temperature of the end structure of the generator on the generator, and improve the safety of the generator. With the ability to run stably.
  • Figure 1 is a structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural view of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a unidirectional double vent.
  • the stator main and auxiliary slot wedge of the large steam turbine generator according to the present invention adopts a double groove wedge structure and is divided into upper and lower layers, the upper layer wedge 1 is a sub groove wedge, and the lower layer wedge 2 is a main groove wedge, as shown in FIG. 1
  • the upper slot wedge and the lower slot wedge are located in the slot: the upper surface of the upper slot wedge is flush with the slot, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 2, the upper slot wedge and the lower slot wedge are in the slot.
  • the position inside is: the upper surface of the upper wedge is slightly lower than the notch.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 adopts both a magnetic conductive and a conductive alloy material
  • the lower slot wedge 2 adopts neither a magnetic conductive nor a conductive insulating material
  • the lower slot wedge 2 and the conventional Like the wedge, it acts as a fixed winding;
  • the top surface of the lower wedge 2 is provided with a dovetail groove 3
  • the bottom surface of the upper wedge 1 is provided with a projection adapted to the dovetail 3
  • the upper wedge 1 is fixed by a projection In the dovetail slot 3 of the lower slot wedge 2.
  • the dovetail groove 3 has a trapezoidal cross section, and the section of the bump has a trapezoidal shape.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 adopts neither magnetic nor conductive conductive material
  • the lower slot wedge 2 adopts neither magnetic nor conductive insulating material, the lower slot wedge 2 and the conventional Like the wedge, it acts as a fixed winding
  • the magnetic wedge 5 is embedded in the gap.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 is an internally cooled structure, and is provided with a one-way single ventilation hole or a one-way double ventilation hole.
  • the upper slot wedge 1 is provided with a unidirectional single venting hole 4 for cooling the upper slot wedge 1 and reducing local overheating of the upper slot wedge caused by generator surface loss.
  • the one-way double vents are set up in such a way that two vents are arranged side by side, or two vents are arranged vertically up and down, or two vents are arranged diagonally.
  • the upper wedge 1 has a thickness smaller than that of the lower portion, and the upper portion and the lower portion are connected by a trapezoidal (upper, lower, and larger) connection portion, and the lower layer wedge 2 is also Similarly, the settings of the dovetail groove and the bump are shown in Figures 1, 2 and 4.
  • Embodiment 1 (sub-slot wedge) adopts a cooling system structure of a magnetically conductive and conductive alloy material:
  • the auxiliary groove wedge can prevent the main groove wedge from falling off under the action of long-term operation, and on the other hand can function as a magnetic groove wedge to reduce
  • the harmonic content of the air gap magnetic field reduces the additional loss on the stator surface of the generator and improves the efficiency of the generator;
  • the auxiliary slot wedge itself has a one-way single ventilation hole or a one-way double ventilation hole.
  • Embodiment 2 The upper slot wedge 1 (sub-slot wedge) adopts a cooling system structure that is neither magnetic nor conductive:
  • the auxiliary slot wedge adopts neither magnetic nor conductive material
  • the auxiliary slot wedge has a certain height from the slot, and the gap between the upper surface of the auxiliary slot wedge and the slot forms a ventilation slot
  • the auxiliary slot wedge itself has a one-way single ventilation hole or a one-way double ventilation hole.
  • an axial external ventilation hole is formed to directly cool the stator tooth core, improve the cooling capacity of the generator tooth portion, reduce the temperature rise of the tooth core, and avoid the thermal expansion of the stator core.
  • an axially external venting hole is formed to directly cool the stator tooth core, and the other
  • An axial venting hole is formed inside the wedge to indirectly cool the stator core, which can effectively reduce the internal temperature of the stator core and the wedge material.
  • Embodiment 3 the cooling system structure of the magnetic slot wedge embedded between the main and auxiliary slot wedges:
  • the magnetic groove wedge 5 is embedded between the main groove wedge and the auxiliary groove wedge, and the magnetic groove wedge is entrained by the main and auxiliary groove wedges, and the cooling method is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • the advantage of inserting the magnetic slot wedge is that the main and auxiliary slot wedges still use an insulating material that is neither magnetic nor conductive, thereby preventing the main slot wedge from falling off, and at the same time reducing the air gap harmonics by adding a magnetic slot wedge.
  • the content improves the efficiency; in addition, it can prevent the single use of the magnetic wedge, and the magnetic wedge is broken by the alternating electromagnetic force, causing an accident.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，所述定子主副槽楔为上下两层的双槽楔结构，上层槽楔(1)为副槽楔，下层槽楔(2)为主槽楔，上层槽楔的上表面与槽口齐平，或上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口。本发明所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，可以有效地降低发电机转子的损耗和局部高温，减少发电机气隙磁场的谐波含量，避免了发电机端部结构件温度过高对发电机造成的影响，提高了发电机的安全与稳定运行的能力。

Description

大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔 技术领域
本发明涉及大型汽轮发电机电磁、传热与冷却技术，具体说是大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔。尤指大型汽轮发电机磁性/无磁性定子主副槽楔及其冷却系统。
背景技术
大型汽轮发电机由于电磁负荷高，在起、停频繁时，其定子电枢绕组在槽中会受到较大的径向电磁力，定子电枢绕组对定子槽楔也会产生较大的作用力。在电磁力作用和温度变化影响下，定子槽楔会出现龟裂、开裂等问题。
传统的发电机，其定子槽楔由无磁性定子槽楔改为采用磁性定子槽楔后，可以有效降低气隙内谐波含量，进而降低转子表面损耗，提高发电机效率。但是，大型汽轮发电机在上述电磁力和温度多重因素作用下，简单地将无磁性定子槽楔换成磁性定子槽楔嵌放在定子槽口是不可行的，这主要是因为在电磁力的作用下，有可能使磁性定子槽楔破碎，给发电机安全运行产生影响。
技术问题
针对现有技术中存在的缺陷，本发明的目的在于提供大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，提高定子槽楔安全性，并且减少电磁力以及温度变化对定子槽楔的影响。
技术解决方案
为达到以上目的，本发明采取的技术方案是：
大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：所述定子主副槽楔为上下两层的双槽楔结构，上层槽楔1为副槽楔，下层槽楔2为主槽楔，
上层槽楔的上表面与槽口齐平，
或上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口。
在上述技术方案的基础上，上层槽楔1采用既导磁又导电合金材料，下层槽楔2采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料；
下层槽楔2的顶面设有燕尾槽3，上层槽楔1的底面设有与燕尾槽3适配的凸块，上层槽楔1通过凸块固定在下层槽楔2的燕尾槽3中。
在上述技术方案的基础上，上层槽楔1采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料，下层槽楔2采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料；
上层槽楔1和下层槽楔2之间留有间隙，
磁性槽楔5嵌装于该间隙内。
在上述技术方案的基础上，上层槽楔1为内冷式结构，设有单向单通风孔或单向双通风孔。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述单向单通风孔形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心。
在上述技术方案的基础上，所述单向双通风孔中，一个形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心，而另一个形成槽楔内部轴向通风孔，起到间接冷却定子铁心的作用。
在上述技术方案的基础上，单向双通风孔的设置方式为：两个通风口左右并排设置，或两个通风口上下垂直设置，或两个通风口斜向交错设置。
在上述技术方案的基础上，当上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口时，该间隙形成通风槽。
有益效果
本发明所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，带有冷却风道,旨在有效降低发电机损耗引起的局部过热，改善发电机通风冷却效果及提高发电机效率，增强发电机的安全与稳定运行的能力，避免因发电机定子局部温度过高对发电机造成的影响和危害。本发明可以有效地降低发电机转子的损耗和局部高温，减少发电机气隙磁场的谐波含量，避免了发电机端部结构件温度过高对发电机造成的影响，提高了发电机的安全与稳定运行的能力。
附图说明
本发明有如下附图：
图1 本发明的实施例1的结构图，
图2 本发明的实施例2的结构图，
图3 本发明的实施例3的结构图,
图4 单向双通风孔的结构图。
本发明的实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
本发明所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，采用双槽楔结构，分为上下两层，上层槽楔1为副槽楔，下层槽楔2为主槽楔，如图1、3所示实施例，上层槽楔和下层槽楔在槽内的位置为：上层槽楔的上表面与槽口齐平，如图2所示实施例，上层槽楔和下层槽楔在槽内的位置为：上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图1、2所示，上层槽楔1采用既导磁又导电合金材料，下层槽楔2采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料，下层槽楔2与传统槽楔一样，起到固定绕组的作用；下层槽楔2的顶面设有燕尾槽3，上层槽楔1的底面设有与燕尾槽3适配的凸块，上层槽楔1通过凸块固定在下层槽楔2的燕尾槽3中。
如图1、2所示，所述燕尾槽3的截面呈梯形，凸块的截面呈梯形。
在上述技术方案的基础上，如图3所示，上层槽楔1采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料，下层槽楔2采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料，下层槽楔2与传统槽楔一样，起到固定绕组的作用；
上层槽楔1和下层槽楔2之间留有间隙，
磁性槽楔5嵌装于该间隙内。
在上述技术方案的基础上，上层槽楔1为内冷式结构，设有单向单通风孔或单向双通风孔。
如图1、2、3、4所示，上层槽楔1设置有单向单通风孔4，实现对上层槽楔1的冷却，降低发电机表面损耗引起的上层槽楔局部过热。
单向双通风孔的设置方式为：两个通风口左右并排设置，或两个通风口上下垂直设置，或两个通风口斜向交错设置。
如图1、2、3、4所示，所述上层槽楔1，其上部的厚度小于下部的厚度，上部和下部间通过梯形(上小下大)的连接部连接，下层槽楔2亦同，燕尾槽及凸块的设置如图1、2、4所示。
本发明所述大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，根据上述材质、结构的不同，可选以下实施方式：
实施例1、上层槽楔1(副槽楔)采用既导磁又导电合金材料的冷却系统结构：
当副槽楔采用既导磁又导电合金材料，该副槽楔一方面可以防止主槽楔在长期运行受力作用下可能脱落现象的发生，另外一方面可以起到磁性槽楔的作用，降低气隙磁场谐波含量，减小发电机定子表面附加损耗，提高发电机效率；
副槽楔本身开有单向单通风孔或单向双通风孔。
实施例2、上层槽楔1(副槽楔)采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料的冷却系统结构：
当副槽楔采用既不导磁又不导电材料，该副槽楔离槽口有一定高度，副槽楔的上表面和槽口间的间隙形成通风槽；
副槽楔本身开有单向单通风孔或单向双通风孔。
在副槽楔开有单向单通风孔时，形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心，提高发电机齿部的冷却能力，降低齿部铁心的温升，避免定子铁心受热膨胀、松动；
在副槽楔开有单向双通风孔时，一个形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心，而另 一个形成槽楔内部轴向通风孔，起到间接冷却定子铁心的作用，这样可以有效降低定子铁芯和槽楔材料内部温度。
实施例3、主、副槽楔间嵌放磁性槽楔的冷却系统结构：
如图3所示，主槽楔和副槽楔之间嵌放磁性槽楔5，通过主、副槽楔对磁性槽楔夹带，其冷却方式与实施例2相同。
嵌放磁性槽楔的优点是：主、副槽楔仍然采用既不导磁又不导电的绝缘材料，起到防止主槽楔脱落作用，同时又可以通过加入磁性槽楔，降低气隙谐波含量，提高效率；此外，还可以防止单一采用磁性槽楔，磁性槽楔受到交变电磁力作用而破裂，造成事故。
本说明书中未作详细描述的内容属于本领域专业技术人员公知的现有技术。

Claims (8)

  1. 大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：所述定子主副槽楔为上下两层的双槽楔结构，上层槽楔(1)为副槽楔，下层槽楔(2)为主槽楔，
    上层槽楔的上表面与槽口齐平，
    或上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：上层槽楔(1)采用既导磁又导电合金材料，下层槽楔(2)采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料；
    下层槽楔(2)的顶面设有燕尾槽(3)，上层槽楔(1)的底面设有与燕尾槽(3)适配的凸块，上层槽楔(1)通过凸块固定在下层槽楔(2)的燕尾槽(3)中。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：上层槽楔(1)采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料，下层槽楔(2)采用既不导磁又不导电绝缘材料；
    上层槽楔(1)和下层槽楔(2)之间留有间隙，
    磁性槽楔(5)嵌装于该间隙内。
  4. 如权利要求1或2或3所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：上层槽楔(1)为内冷式结构，设有单向单通风孔或单向双通风孔。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：所述单向单通风孔形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：所述单向双通风孔中，一个形成轴向外部的通风孔，直接冷却定子齿部铁心，而另一个形成槽楔内部轴向通风孔，起到间接冷却定子铁心的作用。
  7. 如权利要求4所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：单向双通风孔的设置方式为：两个通风口左右并排设置，或两个通风口上下垂直设置，或两个通风口斜向交错设置。
  8. 如权利要求1或2或3所述的大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔，其特征在于：当上层槽楔的上表面略低于槽口时，该间隙形成通风槽。
PCT/CN2016/078770 2015-05-14 2016-04-08 大型汽轮发电机的定子主副槽楔 WO2016180120A1 (zh)

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