WO2016177979A1 - Permanent form panel, assembly of said panels, and method for producing a concrete floor slab - Google Patents
Permanent form panel, assembly of said panels, and method for producing a concrete floor slab Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016177979A1 WO2016177979A1 PCT/FR2016/051061 FR2016051061W WO2016177979A1 WO 2016177979 A1 WO2016177979 A1 WO 2016177979A1 FR 2016051061 W FR2016051061 W FR 2016051061W WO 2016177979 A1 WO2016177979 A1 WO 2016177979A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- panels
- concrete
- slab
- upper face
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/48—Special adaptations of floors for incorporating ducts, e.g. for heating or ventilating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E04C2/2885—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material with the insulating material being completely surrounded by, or embedded in, a stone-like material, e.g. the insulating material being discontinuous
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/50—Self-supporting slabs specially adapted for making floors ceilings, or roofs, e.g. able to be loaded
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/02—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements
- E04B1/14—Structures consisting primarily of load-supporting, block-shaped, or slab-shaped elements the elements being composed of two or more materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2002/001—Mechanical features of panels
- E04C2002/004—Panels with profiled edges, e.g. stepped, serrated
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of the manufacture of concrete slabs or slabs poured into place by means of shuttering panels. More particularly, the invention relates to panels for the production of these slabs or slabs, the assembly of such panels and the method of producing such concrete slabs or slabs.
- the method of manufacturing cast concrete compression slabs in situ comprises a shoring system consisting of props and beams connecting the struts to each other.
- Formwork plates are then placed on the beams and are provided with a smooth and oiled upper face called formwork face allowing the formwork of these plates from the lower level after hardening of the concrete.
- the rough surface condition of the raw concrete does not allow to paint it directly, it is necessary to apply at least two layers of smoothing plaster before painting.
- Reusable formwork panels which are usually plywood or polymeric panels, degrade and deform as reuse occurs, resulting in a deterioration in the quality of the finish of the ceilings as they are made. progress of the site. This results in an increase in the duration of patching work and sanding ceilings before the application of the coating and then paint.
- a usual method consists in setting up pre-slabs, that is to say prefabricated concrete slabs in the factory or in fairground prefabrication. Once positioned on the formwork area of the floor, the slabs serve as a formwork floor for pouring a complementary concrete thickness collaborating with the predalle.
- This method makes it possible to use a simplified shoring system because the slabs have a clean structural strength and incorporate part of the reinforcement of the compression slab.
- the major disadvantage found on the predalles system is the treatment of the joints on the underside of these.
- the joint is treated with a suitable coating but inevitably there are superficial cracks between the slabs due to the removal of the concrete.
- the slabs are also heavy and expensive to transport. They require large storage areas on site.
- the implementation of embedded networks slab is complicated because the volume of concrete cast in place is less compared to a compression slab completely cast in place.
- the underside of the slabs is made of raw concrete and can not be painted directly for the reasons mentioned above, the application of a filling coating and mandatory before painting.
- a first object of the invention is to overcome the problems of safety, ergonomics and quality of finish during the production of compression slabs forming floor in the field of construction.
- Another object of the invention is to provide formwork panels for the realization of such concrete slabs forming floor.
- the present invention relates to a lost formwork panel for producing a concrete floor slab, said panel constituting, in the poured state of the slab, the lower part of said slab, characterized in that the panel present :
- This lost formwork panel therefore cooperates with the compression concrete slab poured above it, throughout the life of the structure.
- Slab here refers to both a slab made directly on a construction site, and a prefabricated slab factory and transported to the construction site. The implementation of such a panel makes it possible to eliminate the stripping operation, the time and the associated constraints. In addition, thanks to the structure of the upper face of the panel the concrete, after its grip, adheres to said panel and the underside of said panel does not require the application of plaster before painting.
- the shuttering panel according to the invention does not participate in the structural dimensioning of the concrete slab. This is what differentiates it from a predalle.
- the shuttering panel according to the invention remains integral with the slab and serves as a finishing coating of the underside of the slab.
- the hooking means of the upper face of said panel may be cavities in the form of undercut, such as cells shaped dovetail.
- the pouring of the slab, or of the pre-slab requires the assembly of several panels according to the invention comprising connecting means between them.
- These means for connecting to an adjacent panel may include means for direct engagement with said adjacent panel, such as complementary rabbets or tongue-and-groove shapes.
- the connecting elements may comprise connector-type elements, which will be detailed later in the description.
- the underside of said panel comprises chamfered edges or thinned edges, constituting housings for the application of a jointing compound and possibly an anti-cracking band. between two adjacent panels, which allows to obtain a finish without visible joint and without extra thickness.
- the underside of said panel, said facing face advantageously has a generally flat surface and is preferably light in color.
- the underside of said panel is made of a material having a porosity and / or a capillarity also allowing its recovery by a coating and / or a paint.
- the panel is formed of a monolithic block, preferably made of a material based on MgO, MgCl 2 and fibers.
- the fibers are flush with the surface of at least the upper face of the panel to form the rough face of adhesion of the concrete.
- This material based on MgO, MgCl 2 and fibers is sufficiently porous to allow, by capillarity, the adhesion of a paint for example.
- the panel comprises a core comprising a thermal insulating material and / or imparting acoustic insulation properties to said panel.
- the core of said panel may be surrounded by an upper layer and a lower layer each formed of a material comprising fibers embedded in a binder, preferably said binder of the upper layer comprising an elastomeric polymer, such as that a polymer of latex or styrene-butadiene type, preferably the binder of the lower layer comprising a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride.
- a binder preferably said binder of the upper layer comprising an elastomeric polymer, such as that a polymer of latex or styrene-butadiene type, preferably the binder of the lower layer comprising a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride.
- the polymer of the topcoat may be an EVA latex polymer emulsion ethylene-vinyl acetate (C 4 H 6 O 2-C 2 H 4) n) or type SBR styrene-butadiene (C 8 H 8 .C 4 - H 6 ) n, optionally mixed with a hydraulic binder such as portland cement
- the fibers mentioned below may be of any type, but are advantageously glass fibers.
- the panel according to the invention is not a structural element of the slab, it has a main role of supporting poured concrete on its upper face. As a result, as mentioned above, its thickness is less than a traditional predalle.
- the thickness of the concrete above is large enough to embed reinforcement, electrical connection ducts, hydraulic or aeraulic.
- At least the upper face of the panel of the invention has means for receiving elements such as housings and / or sheaths of electrical and / or hydraulic connections, said elements being preferably suitable. to be removably mounted to said upper face of the panel.
- receiving means can then advantageously be arranged projecting from said upper face, such as clamps of the type of cable ties, collars or self-gripping coatings, or be in the form of grooves formed in the upper part of said panel.
- At least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with marks and / or traces able to position it as a formwork on the site and to guide the positioning of ancillary elements: - on the upper face, elements intended to be incorporated into the concrete to be poured on said panel, such as reinforcements for concrete, housings and / or electrical, hydraulic and / or air ducts, door and window locations, thermal breakers or balconies,
- the panel according to the invention comprises both means for receiving elements such as housings, electrical, hydraulic and / or a somehowlic connection sheaths, reinforcements for concrete and thermal breakers, and markers and / or positioning patterns on one or both of its upper and lower faces.
- At least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with pre-cuts for adjusting the dimensions of said panel to the limits of the zone to form and / or for piercing through orifices.
- Such through holes may for example be dedicated passages (from one floor level to another) or to house sheaths or through pipes.
- the present invention also relates to an assembly of lost formwork panels for the elevation of concrete floor compression slab comprising panels as described above.
- said assembly may comprise, positioned in the reservations made between two adjacent panels, connectors comprising a conical shaped foot adapting to an inverted V-shaped housing formed between said adjacent panels, surmounted by a stem ending with a head resting on the upper face of the two adjacent panels.
- the head of said connector may also be conical or rounded to allow stacking assembling panels with connectors, for storage or transport.
- the present invention also relates to a method of elevation of concrete compression slab or prefabrication of concrete slabs.
- the method of prefabrication of concrete floor slabs advantageously comprises the following successive steps:
- the present invention also relates to any assembly comprising a concrete slab and at least one panel as described above, made according to one of the above methods.
- Figure 1 is a top perspective view of the implementation of formwork panels according to the present invention on a shoring device
- Figure 2 is a top view in perspective of a panel according to the invention.
- Figure 3 is a bottom view in perspective of a panel according to the invention
- Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of one end of a panel provided with a tongue
- Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with groove-tongue edges
- Figure 6a is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with edges having complementary rabbets
- Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of a panel showing a first edge having a tongue and a second other edge a lateral reservation for such a tongue;
- Figure 8 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with chamfered lower edges;
- Figure 9 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with thinned lower edges
- Figure 10 is a bottom perspective view of a chamfered lower edge panel with bookings for connectors
- Fig. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a tapered bottom panel having bookings for connectors
- Figure 12 is a side view of a connector
- Figure 13 is a partial perspective view from above of an assembly of two adjacent panels and a connector
- Figure 14 is a partial sectional view of two superimposed panels with connectors;
- Figure 15 is a sectional view of a panel having a core of material with acoustic insulating properties;
- Figure 16 is a top view of an assembly of several panels according to the invention equipped with electrical conduits
- Figure 17 is a partial perspective view from above showing a detail of an electrical connection provided on the upper face of a panel according to the invention
- Figure 18 is a partial perspective view from above showing details of electric cable receiving means disposed on the upper face of a panel according to the invention
- Figure 19 is a top view showing different marks and traces on the upper face of a panel assembly according to the invention.
- the panel 1 according to the invention is a formwork panel of rectangular shape whose mechanical characteristics are dimensioned so as to withstand a point load such as the passage of a man flowing on the formwork before pouring the concrete and withstand the thrust of the concrete as it is poured.
- the bending strength of the panel depends on the span between the structural beams 3 supported by vertical struts 2 of the shoring device provided in the context of its use. This flexural strength is adjusted by modulating the thickness of the formwork panel according to the shoring system used. The allowable deflection between beams 3 is calculated according to the permissible tolerances of a finished ceiling in the building area.
- the material forming the formwork panel 1 advantageously has a high dimensional stability, in particular a maximum expansion or shrinkage of preferably 0.2% when it is subjected to the maximum hygrometry and temperature variations observed in the zone where the device is implemented. In particular the material has a maximum expansion or shrinkage of 0.2% when it is coated with concrete in the liquid state.
- the material constituting the shuttering panel according to the invention is a composite material consisting of a mineral body 5 formed by the agglomeration of magnesium oxide (MgO -30% to 60%), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 -20% to 50%), and perlite (Fe 3 C - 3% to 15%).
- the upper 4 and lower 6 faces (see Figure 4) comprise a layer of woven or nonwoven glass fibers. These two layers of glass fibers are embedded in the matrix of the body of the panel.
- the face called “lower face” 6 ( Figure 3) of the shuttering panel 1 is that which is placed below when the panel is placed on the beams 3 of the shoring device.
- the formwork panel according to the invention is characterized by a healthy, smooth, regular lower face 6 which in particular meets the requirements of adhesion capacity with all types of water-based paints used in common surfaces in buildings used for dwelling.
- the surface has porosity and capillarity adapted to the grip of such paint.
- the aforementioned mineral composite material responds in particular to these constraints of paint adhesion and regularity of the lower face 6.
- a lower face 6 of the shuttering panel produced by means of this composite material has a water absorption capacity of between 5% and 30%, preferably close to 20%, and a light color (reflection factor of the surface of at least 70%) allowing its painting in two color layers.
- the panel 1 of formwork lost according to the invention has on its four slices connecting means to adjacent panels, to ensure continuity between several panels of identical design assembled end to end.
- the connecting means make it possible in particular to ensure the flatness between the panels 1 in order to match the flatness requirements of the supports ready to paint and serve to ensure the tightness so that the concrete can not flow between the panels 1.
- the connecting means allow for example the following assemblies:
- the panel then has tenons or lamellae 12 distributed at regular intervals on two contiguous slices and reservations 13 of complementary shape, cut in the slice and located exactly at the same intervals on the other two slices. These appendages are dimensioned so as to form an interlock when several panels 1 are joined one beside the other to form an infinitely expandable assembly (FIG. 1). This assembly is less tight than the previous between the panels 1 during the pouring of the concrete. There is then provided a chamfered upper edge 15 on all the edges of the upper face ( Figure 8). These chamfered edges 15 serve as a reservation for the application of an elastomeric sealing gasket after assembly of the panels on the site of the formwork.
- the panel 1 then has complementary rebate edges 10 and 1 1 respectively formed at the top face for two contiguous edges (example of the rabbet 11) and at the lower face for the other two edges (example of the rabbet 10).
- these forms allow to cover a rabbet on another rabbet of opposite shape.
- the interlocking makes it possible to guarantee a precise adjustment and flush of the panels 1 adjacent to each other and compensates for any adjustment faults of the shoring device.
- This assembly ensures hermetic sealing between the panels and thus avoids the flow of concrete between the panels.
- connectors 18 The assembly by means of "connectors" 18 (see Figures 12, 13, 14) which are distributed on two contiguous edges of each of the panels to be assembled.
- the connectors 18 comprise a conical-shaped foot fitting 19 to an inverted V-shaped housing formed between the lower edges of the adjacent panels.
- This foot 19 is surmounted by a rod 20 housed in the reservations 17 (see Figures 10 and 1 1) formed in the edges of the panels, and ending with a head 21 resting on the upper face 4 of the two panels adjacent.
- the reservations 17 formed in the edges of the panels make it possible to define the precise positioning of these connectors 18 and ensure that the connectors are held in place at their predefined position on said panel.
- These bookings 17 in the songs allow to adjust the panels 1 against each other without any gap, thus ensuring maximum sealing when pouring fresh concrete (see Figure 13).
- edges of said panel which are devoid of connectors also have reservations whose shape is designed to match the shape of connectors fixed on another identical plate when these two plates are positioned side by side, whether in the widthwise or in the direction of the length, the panels assembled together being always oriented in the same direction. These reservations can then also act as a key during the assembly of panels on the site.
- the shape of the connectors 18 is designed to allow the superposition of the panels during storage: the base of the foot 19 is recessed to receive the conical or rounded head 21 of said connector and thus allow the assembly stack of panels with connectors.
- the upper face 4 (see Figure 2) of the lost formwork panel 1 according to the invention has means for hanging with the concrete slab after curing.
- Fastening with concrete can be created in several ways: - one or more non-emergent reservations 7 (shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2, 4, 8, 9) are cut in the upper face 4 of the lost formwork panel 1.
- the (or) bookings have an undercut shape, preventing a hardened liquid body from loosening. It may be a dovetail shape with a trapezoidal profile (as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2, 4, 8 and 9) whose broad base is located in the bottom of the reservation or any other profile presenting a widening compared to the width measured at the surface of the panel.
- the assembly of the appendage (s) to the shuttering panel can be achieved by gluing, mechanical fastening, or assembly of complementary shapes. This type of assembly is preferred when the thickness of the panel is too low to make a reservation in the material of the body of the panel.
- the hooked appendage (s) may also serve as a wedge for laying a possible sheet of metal reinforcements on the formwork which will be coated during the pouring of the concrete and form a reinforced concrete.
- the appendix then allows to maintain a distance of a few centimeters (for example 2 to 5 cm) of concrete coating between the lost formwork panel and the reinforcing ply.
- the grouting may for example be carried out in two ways: the four edges of the lost formwork panel are thinned edges 16, on the lower face 6 (FIG. 3) only, for example from a depth of one to three millimeters and on a width of not more than sixty millimeters.
- the end-to-end implementation of the thinned edges 16 of two adjacent formwork panels provides a reservation allowing the subsequent laying of a crack-proofing strip glued and coated in several passes with a coating adapted to the support material without generating apparent extra thickness. the naked eye.
- the tape is stuck in the reservation created by the thinned edges 16 (see FIG. 9) of each of the two adjacent assembled panels.
- the four edges of the lost formwork panel are chamfered edges 14 on its lower face 4 (FIG. 8).
- the chamfer has an open angle, preferably greater than 45 ° in order to provide a maximum hooking surface for the filling compound.
- the reservation formed by the end-to-end insertion of chamfered edges 14 of two adjacent panels allows the subsequent application of a specially dedicated filling plaster. After drying the filler, it is possible to apply a finishing coat to permanently mask the junction between the two panels.
- the lost formwork panel according to the invention 1 can be placed at the bottom of the formwork on the marble of an industrial prefabrication bench or fairground. After dismantling the slab, the formwork panels cooperate with it permanently and irreversibly. They thus serve as a permanent finishing coating of the underside of the prefabricated slab. This arrangement makes it possible to directly paint the underside of the prefabricated slab without a step of prior preparation of the support.
- the panel 1 comprises a core 22 comprising a thermal insulating material and / or imparting acoustic insulation properties to said panel, interposed between an upper layer 24 with a rough upper surface 4 and a layer lower 26 with lower face 6 ready to paint.
- Each of the upper 24 and lower 26 layers may be formed of a material having fibers, such as glass fibers, embedded in a binder.
- the binder of the upper layer 24 may comprise an elastomeric polymer, such as a polymer of latex or styrene-butadiene type, optionally mixed with cement, such as Portland cement.
- the binder of the lower layer 26 may be a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride.
- the core 22 may be formed of a high resilience material whose acoustic absorption coefficient aw is greater than 0.10 (according to ISO 1 1654) for sound frequencies ranging from 0 to 40000 Herz.
- the mass of the top is constituted by the concrete which usually has a density of 2.4 to 2.8
- the bottom mass is the lower layer 26 of the shuttering panel 1 with a density greater than 1.
- the panels 1 may advantageously be equipped on their upper face 4 and / or on their lower face 6 with means for receiving elements such as housings 30 or sheaths 31 for connections. electrical, hydraulic and / or a somehowlic, said elements being preferably adapted to be mounted removably to said upper face 4 of the panel.
- these panels may be pre-equipped with reception means arranged projecting from said upper face 4, such as clamps 25 of cable-clamp type, necklaces or self-adhesive coverings.
- grippers for example in the form of self-gripping pads glued to the surface: the housing bases 30 also having self-gripping areas can thus be positioned quickly, accurately and removably.
- Said receiving means may also be in the form of grooves in the upper part of said panel.
- pre-equipment panels 1 and allows a positioning casings 30 formwork and ducts 31 connection and accurate fast because it does not require the reading of a plane and the measurement by manual measuring means (tape measure); This positioning of the formwork boxes on the panels 1 remains nevertheless flexible because it can be, if necessary, shifted by a few millimeters to bypass reinforcement for the concrete.
- the housings 30 can also easily be detached and then put back in place.
- At least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with markers 27 and / or plots 28, 29 (see FIG. 19) able to position it as a formwork on the site and to guide the positioning of the panel.
- markers 27 and / or plots 28, 29 see FIG. 19
- elements intended to be incorporated into the concrete to be poured on said panel such as reinforcement for concrete, electrical networks, hydraulic and / or aeraulic, locations of doors and windows, thermal breakers or balconies,
- each plate is identified by a numbering 27 which corresponds to the order of laying and refers to a plane.
- the plots 28 correspond to the real implantation in space and to the actual scale of the reinforcement, networks and boxes 30 which must be incorporated in the concrete slab and put in place before it is poured. All these markers and traces serve as a guide for the operators to position the material to be incorporated in the slab.
- the assembly of the shuttering plates then forms a puzzle (figure 19) on which all the information useful for the construction of the building appears in the form of a level plan of the building on a real scale.
- the operator no longer needs to refer to a paper plane, nor to use measuring tools to position the various elements. Errors in measurement and positioning are then considerably reduced or eliminated. It also results in a huge time saving on the construction site.
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- Architecture (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a permanent form panel (1) for creating, at elevation, a concrete compression floor slab. When the slab is cast, said panel makes up the bottom portion of said slab and is characterized in that said panel has: a top surface, referred to as "adhesion" surface, comprising a rough surface and/or a concave (7) or convex means for coupling with the slab, a ready-to-paint bottom facing surface, and, on one of the edges of said panel, means for linking to an adjacent panel in the form of a fitting and/or holding means having linking elements therein. The invention also relates to an assembly of panels having connectors placed between the edges of two adjacent panels and to a method for on-site creation or prefabrication of concrete floor slabs by means of said panels.
Description
PANNEAU DE COFFRAGE PERDU, ASSEMBLAGE DE TELS PANNEAUX ET PROCEDE DE REALISATION DE DALLE POUR PLANCHER EN BETON LOST FORMWORK PANEL, ASSEMBLY OF SUCH PANELS AND METHOD OF MAKING SLAB FOR CONCRETE FLOOR
DOMAINE TECHNIQUE TECHNICAL AREA
La présente invention concerne le domaine de la fabrication de prédalles ou de dalles de compression en béton coulé en place au moyen de panneaux de coffrage. Plus particulièrement l'invention concerne des panneaux pour la réalisation de ces dalles ou prédalles, l'assemblage de tels panneaux et le procédé de réalisation de telles dalles ou prédalles en béton. The present invention relates to the field of the manufacture of concrete slabs or slabs poured into place by means of shuttering panels. More particularly, the invention relates to panels for the production of these slabs or slabs, the assembly of such panels and the method of producing such concrete slabs or slabs.
ART ANTERIEUR PRIOR ART
Deux voies principales de fabrication des dalles de compression en béton sont mises en œuvre jusqu'à présent. Two main ways of manufacturing concrete compression slabs have been implemented so far.
Selon la première voie, le procédé de fabrication des dalles de compression en béton coulé en place dont la sous-face est utilisée comme support de finition apparente des plafonds comprend un système d'étaiement constitué d'étais et de poutrelles reliant les étais entre eux. Des plaques de coffrage sont ensuite posées sur les poutrelles et sont munies d'une face supérieure lisse et huilée appelée face coffrante permettant le décoffrage de ces plaques depuis le niveau inférieur après le durcissement du béton. According to the first method, the method of manufacturing cast concrete compression slabs in situ, the underside of which is used as an apparent finishing support for the ceilings, comprises a shoring system consisting of props and beams connecting the struts to each other. . Formwork plates are then placed on the beams and are provided with a smooth and oiled upper face called formwork face allowing the formwork of these plates from the lower level after hardening of the concrete.
Ce procédé est la cause de nombreux défauts qui perturbent l'avancement des chantiers de construction de bâtiments et provoquent des défauts de fabrication. Le décoffrage des plaques présente un risque de sécurité pour les opérateurs car celles-ci peuvent tomber de manière imprévisible. La descente des plaques de coffrage réutilisables nécessite un dispositif mécanique manuel
encombrant et difficile à déplacer entre les étages d'une construction. Ce procédé génère de nombreuses manutentions manuelles pour évacuer les plaques de la zone après décoffrage. De plus, les jonctions imparfaites entre les plaques de coffrage occasionnent des défauts sur les plafonds qui nécessitent ensuite de longues opérations de ponçage et de ragréage à la main des surfaces. This process is the cause of many defects that disrupt the progress of construction sites of buildings and cause manufacturing defects. Plate removal poses a safety risk for operators as they can fall unexpectedly. The descent of reusable formwork plates requires a manual mechanical device bulky and difficult to move between floors of a building. This process generates many manual handling to evacuate the plates of the zone after stripping. In addition, the imperfect junctions between the formwork plates cause defects on the ceilings which then require long operations of sanding and patching by hand surfaces.
Par ailleurs, l'état de surface grossier du béton brut ne permet pas de le peindre directement, il est nécessaire d'appliquer au moins deux couches d'enduit garnissant de lissage avant la mise en peinture. Furthermore, the rough surface condition of the raw concrete does not allow to paint it directly, it is necessary to apply at least two layers of smoothing plaster before painting.
Les plaques de coffrage réutilisables qui sont généralement des panneaux de bois contreplaqué ou en matières polymères se dégradent et se déforment au fur et à mesure des réutilisations, ce qui entraine une dégradation de la qualité de finition des plafonds au fur et à mesure de l'avancement du chantier. Il en résulte un allongement de la durée du travail de ragréage et de ponçage des plafonds avant l'application de l'enduit garnissant puis de la peinture. Reusable formwork panels, which are usually plywood or polymeric panels, degrade and deform as reuse occurs, resulting in a deterioration in the quality of the finish of the ceilings as they are made. progress of the site. This results in an increase in the duration of patching work and sanding ceilings before the application of the coating and then paint.
Selon la seconde voie, un procédé usuel consiste à mettre en place des prédalles, c'est-à-dire des plaques de béton préfabriquées en usine ou en préfabrication foraine. Une fois positionnées sur la zone de coffrage du plancher, les prédalles servent de fond de coffrage pour le coulage d'une épaisseur de béton complémentaire collaborant avec la prédalle. Ce procédé permet d'utiliser un système d'étaiement simplifié car les prédalles ont une résistance structurelle propre et intègrent une partie du ferraillage de la dalle de compression. According to the second way, a usual method consists in setting up pre-slabs, that is to say prefabricated concrete slabs in the factory or in fairground prefabrication. Once positioned on the formwork area of the floor, the slabs serve as a formwork floor for pouring a complementary concrete thickness collaborating with the predalle. This method makes it possible to use a simplified shoring system because the slabs have a clean structural strength and incorporate part of the reinforcement of the compression slab.
L'inconvénient majeur constaté sur le système de prédalles est le traitement des joints en sous-face de celles-ci. Le joint est traité avec un enduit adapté mais il apparaît inévitablement des fissures superficielles entre les prédalles dues au retrait du béton. Les prédalles sont également lourdes et coûteuses à transporter. Elles nécessitent de grandes surfaces de stockage sur le chantier.
Enfin, la mise en place de réseaux incorporés en dalle est complexifiée car le volume de béton coulé en place est moindre par rapport à une dalle de compression entièrement coulée en place. La sous-face des prédalles est en béton brut et ne peut pas être peinte directement pour les raisons précitées, l'application d'un enduit garnissant et obligatoire avant la mise en peinture. The major disadvantage found on the predalles system is the treatment of the joints on the underside of these. The joint is treated with a suitable coating but inevitably there are superficial cracks between the slabs due to the removal of the concrete. The slabs are also heavy and expensive to transport. They require large storage areas on site. Finally, the implementation of embedded networks slab is complicated because the volume of concrete cast in place is less compared to a compression slab completely cast in place. The underside of the slabs is made of raw concrete and can not be painted directly for the reasons mentioned above, the application of a filling coating and mandatory before painting.
DESCRIPTION DE L'INVENTION DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Un premier but de l'invention est de remédier aux problématiques de sécurité, d'ergonomie et de qualité de finition lors de la réalisation de dalles de compression formant plancher dans le domaine de la construction. A first object of the invention is to overcome the problems of safety, ergonomics and quality of finish during the production of compression slabs forming floor in the field of construction.
Un autre but de l'invention est de proposer des panneaux de coffrage permettant la réalisation de telles dalles de compression en béton formant plancher. Another object of the invention is to provide formwork panels for the realization of such concrete slabs forming floor.
A cet effet la présente invention concerne un panneau de coffrage perdu pour la réalisation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher, ledit panneau constituant, à l'état coulé de la dalle, la partie inférieure de ladite dalle, caractérisé en ce que le panneau présente : To this end, the present invention relates to a lost formwork panel for producing a concrete floor slab, said panel constituting, in the poured state of the slab, the lower part of said slab, characterized in that the panel present :
- une face supérieure dite d'adhérence comportant une surface rugueuse et/ou des moyens d'accroché à la dalle, en creux ou en relief, a so-called upper face of adhesion comprising a rough surface and / or means of hanging on the slab, in recess or in relief,
- une face inférieure de parement, - a lower facing face,
- et sur au moins l'un de ses chants, des moyens de liaison à un panneau adjacent sous forme de moyens d'emboîtement et/ou de réservation logeant des éléments de liaison. Ce panneau de coffrage perdu coopère donc avec la dalle de compression en béton coulée au-dessus de celui-ci, tout au long de la vie de l'ouvrage.
Par dalle on entend ici à la fois une dalle réalisée directement sur un chantier de construction, et une dalle préfabriquée en usine et transportée sur le site de construction. La mise en œuvre d'un tel panneau permet de supprimer l'opération de décoffrage, le temps et les contraintes associées. De plus, grâce à la structure de la face supérieure du panneau le béton, après sa prise, adhère audit panneau et la face inférieure de parement dudit panneau n'exige pas l'application d'enduit avant peinture. and on at least one of its edges, connecting means to an adjacent panel in the form of nesting means and / or reservation housing connecting elements. This lost formwork panel therefore cooperates with the compression concrete slab poured above it, throughout the life of the structure. Slab here refers to both a slab made directly on a construction site, and a prefabricated slab factory and transported to the construction site. The implementation of such a panel makes it possible to eliminate the stripping operation, the time and the associated constraints. In addition, thanks to the structure of the upper face of the panel the concrete, after its grip, adheres to said panel and the underside of said panel does not require the application of plaster before painting.
Même s'il reste solidaire de la dalle en béton pendant toute la durée de vie de l'ouvrage, le panneau de coffrage selon l'invention ne participe pas au dimensionnement structurel de la dalle de compression en béton. C'est ce qui le différencie d'une prédalle. Après la prise du béton, le panneau de coffrage selon l'invention reste solidaire de la dalle et sert de revêtement de finition de la sous-face de la dalle. Even if it remains attached to the concrete slab throughout the life of the structure, the shuttering panel according to the invention does not participate in the structural dimensioning of the concrete slab. This is what differentiates it from a predalle. After the setting of the concrete, the shuttering panel according to the invention remains integral with the slab and serves as a finishing coating of the underside of the slab.
Les moyens d'accroché de la face supérieure dudit panneau peuvent être des alvéoles en forme de contre-dépouille, tels que des alvéoles en forme de queue d'aronde. The hooking means of the upper face of said panel may be cavities in the form of undercut, such as cells shaped dovetail.
Le coulage de la dalle, ou de la prédalle, nécessite l'assemblage de plusieurs panneaux selon l'invention comportant des moyens de liaison entre eux. Ces moyens de liaison à un panneau adjacent peuvent comprendre des moyens d'emboîtement direct avec ledit panneau adjacent, tel que des feuillures complémentaires ou des formes de type rainure-languette. En variante, les éléments de liaison peuvent comprendre des éléments de type connecteurs, qui seront détaillés plus loin dans la description. De manière avantageuse, la face inférieure dudit panneau comporte des bords chanfreinés ou des bords amincis, constituant des logements pour l'application d'un enduit de jointoiement et éventuellement d'une bande anti-fissuration
entre deux panneaux adjacents, ce qui permet d'obtenir une finition sans joint apparent et sans surépaisseur. The pouring of the slab, or of the pre-slab, requires the assembly of several panels according to the invention comprising connecting means between them. These means for connecting to an adjacent panel may include means for direct engagement with said adjacent panel, such as complementary rabbets or tongue-and-groove shapes. Alternatively, the connecting elements may comprise connector-type elements, which will be detailed later in the description. Advantageously, the underside of said panel comprises chamfered edges or thinned edges, constituting housings for the application of a jointing compound and possibly an anti-cracking band. between two adjacent panels, which allows to obtain a finish without visible joint and without extra thickness.
La face inférieure dudit panneau, dite face de parement, présente avantageusement une surface de forme générale plane et est, de préférence, de couleur claire. Un facteur de réflexion supérieur à 70%, de préférence supérieur ou égal à 80 %, de préférence encore supérieur ou égal à 90 %, est tout à fait approprié pour constituer la face de finition, tel qu'un plafond, de la dalle ou de la prédalle. The underside of said panel, said facing face, advantageously has a generally flat surface and is preferably light in color. A reflection factor greater than 70%, preferably greater than or equal to 80%, more preferably greater than or equal to 90%, is entirely appropriate for constituting the finishing surface, such as a ceiling, of the slab or of the predalle.
De préférence, la face inférieure dudit panneau est en un matériau présentant une porosité et/ou une capillarité permettant aussi son recouvrement par un enduit et/ou une peinture. Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention le panneau est formé d'un bloc monolithique, de préférence réalisé en un matériau à base de MgO, MgCI2 et de fibres. De manière avantageuse, les fibres affleurent en surface d'au moins la face supérieure du panneau pour constituer la face rugueuse d'adhérence du béton. Ce matériau à base de MgO, MgCI2 et de fibres est suffisamment poreux pour permettre par capillarité l'accroche d'une peinture par exemple. Preferably, the underside of said panel is made of a material having a porosity and / or a capillarity also allowing its recovery by a coating and / or a paint. According to a first embodiment of the invention the panel is formed of a monolithic block, preferably made of a material based on MgO, MgCl 2 and fibers. Advantageously, the fibers are flush with the surface of at least the upper face of the panel to form the rough face of adhesion of the concrete. This material based on MgO, MgCl 2 and fibers is sufficiently porous to allow, by capillarity, the adhesion of a paint for example.
Selon un second mode de réalisation de l'invention, le panneau comporte une âme comprenant un matériau isolant thermique et/ou conférant des propriétés d'isolation acoustique audit panneau. According to a second embodiment of the invention, the panel comprises a core comprising a thermal insulating material and / or imparting acoustic insulation properties to said panel.
Par exemple, l'âme dudit panneau peut être entourée d'une couche supérieure et d'une couche inférieure formées chacune d'un matériau comportant des fibres enrobées dans un liant, de préférence ledit liant de la couche supérieure comprenant un polymère élastomère, tel qu'un polymère de type latex ou styrène-butadiène, de préférence le liant de la couche inférieure comprenant
un matériau comportant de l'oxyde de magnésium et du chlorure de magnésium. For example, the core of said panel may be surrounded by an upper layer and a lower layer each formed of a material comprising fibers embedded in a binder, preferably said binder of the upper layer comprising an elastomeric polymer, such as that a polymer of latex or styrene-butadiene type, preferably the binder of the lower layer comprising a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride.
Le polymère de la couche supérieure peut être une émulsion de polymère de latex de type EVA éthylène-acétate de vinyle (C4H6O2-C2H4)n) ou de type SBR styrène-butadiène (C8-H8.C4-H6)n , éventuellement en mélange avec un liant hydraulique tel que du ciment portland The polymer of the topcoat may be an EVA latex polymer emulsion ethylene-vinyl acetate (C 4 H 6 O 2-C 2 H 4) n) or type SBR styrene-butadiene (C 8 H 8 .C 4 - H 6 ) n, optionally mixed with a hydraulic binder such as portland cement
Les fibres mentionnées ci-dessous peuvent être de tout type, mais sont avantageusement des fibres de verre. The fibers mentioned below may be of any type, but are advantageously glass fibers.
Le panneau selon l'invention n'est pas un élément structurel de la dalle, il a un rôle principal de support du béton coulé sur sa face supérieure. En conséquence, comme mentionné plus haut, son épaisseur est moindre qu'une prédalle traditionnelle. L'épaisseur du béton au-dessus est suffisamment importante pour y noyer des armatures, des gaines de raccordement électrique, hydraulique ou aéraulique. The panel according to the invention is not a structural element of the slab, it has a main role of supporting poured concrete on its upper face. As a result, as mentioned above, its thickness is less than a traditional predalle. The thickness of the concrete above is large enough to embed reinforcement, electrical connection ducts, hydraulic or aeraulic.
En conséquence, selon une variante avantageuse, au moins la face supérieure du panneau de l'invention présente des moyens de réception d'éléments tels que des boîtiers et/ou des gaines de raccordements électriques et/ou hydrauliques, lesdits éléments étant de préférence aptes à être montés de manière amovible à ladite face supérieure du panneau. Ces dits moyens de réception peuvent alors avantageusement être disposés en saillie de ladite face supérieure, tels que des colliers de type serre-câbles, colliers ou revêtements auto-agrippants, ou se présenter sous la forme de rainures ménagées dans la partie supérieure dudit panneau. Accordingly, according to an advantageous variant, at least the upper face of the panel of the invention has means for receiving elements such as housings and / or sheaths of electrical and / or hydraulic connections, said elements being preferably suitable. to be removably mounted to said upper face of the panel. These so-called receiving means can then advantageously be arranged projecting from said upper face, such as clamps of the type of cable ties, collars or self-gripping coatings, or be in the form of grooves formed in the upper part of said panel.
Selon une autre variante de l'invention, au moins l'une des faces dudit panneau peut être munie de repères et/ou de tracés aptes à le positionner en tant que coffrage sur le chantier et à guider le positionnement d'éléments annexes :
- sur la face supérieure, des éléments destinés à être incorporés au béton à couler sur ledit panneau, tels que armatures pour le béton, boîtiers et/ou gaines électriques, hydrauliques et/ou aérauliques, emplacements de portes et fenêtres, de rupteurs thermiques ou de balcons, According to another variant of the invention, at least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with marks and / or traces able to position it as a formwork on the site and to guide the positioning of ancillary elements: - on the upper face, elements intended to be incorporated into the concrete to be poured on said panel, such as reinforcements for concrete, housings and / or electrical, hydraulic and / or air ducts, door and window locations, thermal breakers or balconies,
- et/ou sur la face inférieure en vue de guider le positionnement de cloisons, soffites du niveau d'étage sous-jacent et/ou d'éléments à fixer audit panneau formant plafond. Dans un mode de réalisation préféré, le panneau selon l'invention comporte à la fois des moyens de réception d'éléments tels que des boîtiers, gaines de raccordements électrique, hydraulique et/ou aéraulique, armatures pour le béton et rupteurs thermiques, et des repères et/ou des tracés de positionnement sur l'une ou ses deux faces supérieure et inférieure. and / or on the underside for guiding the positioning of partitions, soffits of the underlying floor level and / or elements to be fixed to said ceiling panel. In a preferred embodiment, the panel according to the invention comprises both means for receiving elements such as housings, electrical, hydraulic and / or aeraulic connection sheaths, reinforcements for concrete and thermal breakers, and markers and / or positioning patterns on one or both of its upper and lower faces.
Au moins une des faces dudit panneau peut être munie de prédécoupes pour l'ajustement des dimensions dudit panneau aux limites de la zone à coffrer et/ou pour le percement d'orifices traversants. De tels orifices traversants peuvent par exemple constituer des passages réservés (d'un niveau d'étage à l'autre) ou pour y loger des gaines ou des conduites traversantes. At least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with pre-cuts for adjusting the dimensions of said panel to the limits of the zone to form and / or for piercing through orifices. Such through holes may for example be dedicated passages (from one floor level to another) or to house sheaths or through pipes.
La présente invention concerne également un assemblage de panneaux de coffrage perdu pour la réalisation en élévation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher, comprenant des panneaux tels que décrits ci-dessus. The present invention also relates to an assembly of lost formwork panels for the elevation of concrete floor compression slab comprising panels as described above.
Selon un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, ledit assemblage peut comprendre, positionnés dans les réservations ménagées entre deux panneaux adjacents, des connecteurs comprenant un pied de forme conique s'adaptant à un logement, en forme de V inversé, ménagé entre lesdits panneaux adjacents, surmonté d'une tige terminée par une tête s'appuyant sur la face supérieure des deux panneaux adjacents. La tête dudit connecteur peut aussi être de forme conique ou arrondie pour permettre l'empilement
d'assemblage de panneaux avec connecteurs, en vue de leur stockage ou de leur transport. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said assembly may comprise, positioned in the reservations made between two adjacent panels, connectors comprising a conical shaped foot adapting to an inverted V-shaped housing formed between said adjacent panels, surmounted by a stem ending with a head resting on the upper face of the two adjacent panels. The head of said connector may also be conical or rounded to allow stacking assembling panels with connectors, for storage or transport.
La présente invention concerne également un procédé de réalisation en élévation de dalle de compression en béton ou de préfabrication de dalles de compression en béton. The present invention also relates to a method of elevation of concrete compression slab or prefabrication of concrete slabs.
Le procédé de réalisation en élévation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher comprend avantageusement les étapes successives suivantes : The method of elevating the concrete floor slab advantageously comprises the following successive steps:
- réalisation de panneaux de coffrage tels que décrit ci-dessus, - production of shuttering panels as described above,
- assemblage et étayage desdits panneaux selon un plan prédéfini et des repères numériques et visuels (pour l'orientation) de leur positionnement, - pose d'armatures, gaines et/ou câblages, pose des boîtiers ou coffrages et mise en place des cloisons suivant des tracés réalisés et/ou à l'aide de moyens de réception prévus sur au moins l'une des faces desdits panneaux, - Assembling and shoring said panels according to a predefined plan and numerical and visual cues (for orientation) of their positioning, - installation of reinforcement, ducts and / or cabling, installation of casings or formwork and installation of the following partitions plots made and / or with reception means provided on at least one of the faces of said panels,
- coulage du béton sur la face supérieure desdits panneaux. Le procédé de préfabrication de dalles en béton formant plancher comprend avantageusement les étapes successives suivantes : pouring concrete on the upper face of said panels. The method of prefabrication of concrete floor slabs advantageously comprises the following successive steps:
- réalisation de panneaux de coffrage tels que décrits ci-dessus, - production of shuttering panels as described above,
- assemblage desdits panneaux sur le banc de préfabrication selon un plan prédéfini et des repères numériques et visuels de leur positionnement, - Assembling said panels on the prefabrication bench according to a predefined plan and numerical and visual references of their positioning,
- pose d'armatures, gaines et/ou câblages, réalisation des réservations et mise en place des cloisons suivant des tracés réalisés et/ou à l'aide de moyens de réception prévus sur au moins l'une des faces desdits panneaux, - Installation of reinforcement, ducts and / or cabling, making reservations and placing partitions according to plots made and / or using receiving means provided on at least one of the faces of said panels,
- coulage du béton sur la face supérieure desdits panneaux.
Enfin, la présente invention concerne aussi tout ensemble comprenant une dalle en béton et au moins un panneau tel que décrit précédemment, réalisé conformément à l'un des procédés ci-dessus. pouring concrete on the upper face of said panels. Finally, the present invention also relates to any assembly comprising a concrete slab and at least one panel as described above, made according to one of the above methods.
BREVE DESCRIPTION DES FIGURES BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
L'invention sera bien comprise à la lecture de la description suivante d'exemples de réalisation, en référence aux dessins annexés dans lesquels : The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of exemplary embodiments, with reference to the appended drawings in which:
La Figure 1 est une vue de dessus en perspective de la mise en œuvre de panneaux de coffrage selon la présente invention sur un dispositif d'étaiement ; Figure 1 is a top perspective view of the implementation of formwork panels according to the present invention on a shoring device;
La Figure 2 est une vue de dessus en perspective d'un panneau selon l'invention ; Figure 2 is a top view in perspective of a panel according to the invention;
La Figure 3 est une vue de dessous en perspective d'un panneau selon l'invention ; La Figure 4 est une vue partielle en coupe d'une extrémité d'un panneau munie d'une languette ; Figure 3 is a bottom view in perspective of a panel according to the invention; Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of one end of a panel provided with a tongue;
La Figure 5 est une vue partielle en coupe de deux panneaux adjacents à bords de type rainure-languette ; Figure 5 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with groove-tongue edges;
La Figure 6 à est une vue partielle en coupe de deux panneaux adjacents à bords présentant des feuillures complémentaires ; Figure 6a is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with edges having complementary rabbets;
La Figure 7 est une vue partielle en perspective d'un panneau montrant un premier bord comportant une languette et un second autre bord une réservation latérale pour une telle languette ;
La Figure 8 est une vue partielle en coupe de deux panneaux adjacents à bords inférieurs chanfreinés ; Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of a panel showing a first edge having a tongue and a second other edge a lateral reservation for such a tongue; Figure 8 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with chamfered lower edges;
La Figure 9 est une vue partielle en coupe de deux panneaux adjacents à bords inférieurs amincis ; Figure 9 is a partial sectional view of two adjacent panels with thinned lower edges;
La Figure 10 est une vue en perspective de dessous d'un panneau à bords inférieurs chanfreinés comportant des réservations pour des connecteurs ; La Figure 1 1 est une vue en perspective de dessous d'un panneau à bords inférieurs amincis comportant des réservations pour des connecteurs ; Figure 10 is a bottom perspective view of a chamfered lower edge panel with bookings for connectors; Fig. 11 is a bottom perspective view of a tapered bottom panel having bookings for connectors;
La Figure 12 est une vue de côté d'un connecteur ; Figure 12 is a side view of a connector;
La Figure 13 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus d'un assemblage de deux panneaux adjacents et d'un connecteur ; Figure 13 is a partial perspective view from above of an assembly of two adjacent panels and a connector;
La Figure 14 est une vue en coupe partielle de deux panneaux superposés avec des connecteurs ; La Figure 15 est une vue en coupe d'un panneau comportant une âme en matériau à propriétés isolantes acoustiques ; Figure 14 is a partial sectional view of two superimposed panels with connectors; Figure 15 is a sectional view of a panel having a core of material with acoustic insulating properties;
La Figure 16 est une vue de dessus d'un assemblage de plusieurs panneaux selon l'invention équipés de gaines électriques ; Figure 16 is a top view of an assembly of several panels according to the invention equipped with electrical conduits;
La Figure 17 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus montrant un détail d'une connexion électrique prévue sur la face supérieure d'un panneau selon l'invention ; La Figure 18 est une vue partielle en perspective de dessus montrant des détails de moyens de réception de câbles électriques disposés sur la face supérieure d'un panneau selon l'invention ; et
La Figure 19 est une vue de dessus montrant différents repères et tracés sur la face supérieure d'un assemblage de panneaux selon l'invention. Figure 17 is a partial perspective view from above showing a detail of an electrical connection provided on the upper face of a panel according to the invention; Figure 18 is a partial perspective view from above showing details of electric cable receiving means disposed on the upper face of a panel according to the invention; and Figure 19 is a top view showing different marks and traces on the upper face of a panel assembly according to the invention.
En se référant aux figures le panneau 1 selon l'invention est un panneau de coffrage de forme rectangulaire dont les caractéristiques mécaniques sont dimensionnées de manière à résister à une charge ponctuelle telle que le passage d'un homme circulant sur le coffrage avant le coulage du béton et à résister à la poussée du béton lors de son coulage. Referring to the figures, the panel 1 according to the invention is a formwork panel of rectangular shape whose mechanical characteristics are dimensioned so as to withstand a point load such as the passage of a man flowing on the formwork before pouring the concrete and withstand the thrust of the concrete as it is poured.
La résistance à la flexion du panneau dépend de la portée entre les poutrelles 3 structurelles supportées par des étais verticaux 2 du dispositif d'étaiement prévu dans le cadre de son utilisation. Cette résistance à la flexion est ajustée en modulant l'épaisseur du panneau de coffrage en fonction du système d'étaiement utilisé. La flèche admissible entre poutrelles 3 est calculée en fonction des tolérances admissibles d'un plafond fini dans le domaine du bâtiment. Le matériau constituant le panneau 1 de coffrage présente avantageusement une stabilité dimensionnelle élevée, notamment une dilation ou un retrait maximal de préférence de 0,2% lorsqu'il est soumis aux variations maximales d'hygrométrie et de températures constatées dans la zone où le dispositif est mis en œuvre. En particulier le matériau présente une dilation ou un retrait maximal de 0,2% lorsque celui-ci est recouvert de béton à l'état liquide. The bending strength of the panel depends on the span between the structural beams 3 supported by vertical struts 2 of the shoring device provided in the context of its use. This flexural strength is adjusted by modulating the thickness of the formwork panel according to the shoring system used. The allowable deflection between beams 3 is calculated according to the permissible tolerances of a finished ceiling in the building area. The material forming the formwork panel 1 advantageously has a high dimensional stability, in particular a maximum expansion or shrinkage of preferably 0.2% when it is subjected to the maximum hygrometry and temperature variations observed in the zone where the device is implemented. In particular the material has a maximum expansion or shrinkage of 0.2% when it is coated with concrete in the liquid state.
Dans l'exemple présenté ici, le matériau constituant le panneau de coffrage selon l'invention est un matériau composite constitué d'un corps minéral 5 formé par l'agglomération d'oxyde de magnésium (MgO -30% à 60%), de chlorure de magnésium (MgCI2 -20% à 50%), et de perlite (Fe3C - 3% à 15%).
Les faces supérieure 4 et inférieure 6 (voir figure 4) comportent une couche de fibres de verre tissés ou intissés. Ces deux couches de fibres de verre sont incrustées dans la matrice du corps du panneau. La face appelée "face inférieure" 6 (figure 3) du panneau 1 de coffrage est celle qui est placée en dessous lorsque le panneau est mis en place sur les poutrelles 3 du dispositif d'étaiement. C'est cette surface qui devient apparente en sous-face de la dalle en béton lorsqu'on enlève le dispositif d'étaiement. Le panneau de coffrage selon l'invention est caractérisé par une face inférieure 6 saine, lisse, régulière répondant en particulier aux exigences de capacité d'adhérence avec tous les types de peintures en base aqueuse utilisées en surfaces courantes dans les bâtiments à usage d'habitation. La surface présente une porosité et une capillarité adaptées à l'accroche d'une telle peinture. In the example presented here, the material constituting the shuttering panel according to the invention is a composite material consisting of a mineral body 5 formed by the agglomeration of magnesium oxide (MgO -30% to 60%), magnesium chloride (MgCl 2 -20% to 50%), and perlite (Fe 3 C - 3% to 15%). The upper 4 and lower 6 faces (see Figure 4) comprise a layer of woven or nonwoven glass fibers. These two layers of glass fibers are embedded in the matrix of the body of the panel. The face called "lower face" 6 (Figure 3) of the shuttering panel 1 is that which is placed below when the panel is placed on the beams 3 of the shoring device. It is this surface that becomes apparent on the underside of the concrete slab when the shoring device is removed. The formwork panel according to the invention is characterized by a healthy, smooth, regular lower face 6 which in particular meets the requirements of adhesion capacity with all types of water-based paints used in common surfaces in buildings used for dwelling. The surface has porosity and capillarity adapted to the grip of such paint.
Le matériau composite minéral précité répond notamment à ces contraintes d'adhérence de la peinture et de régularité de la face inférieure 6. Une face inférieure 6 du panneau de coffrage réalisé au moyen de ce matériau composite présente une capacité d'absorption d'eau comprise entre 5 % et 30 %, de préférence voisine de 20 %, et une couleur claire (facteur de réflexion de la surface d'au moins 70 %) permettant sa mise en peinture en deux couches couleur. Le panneau 1 de coffrage perdu selon l'invention présente sur ses quatre tranches des moyens de liaison à des panneaux adjacents, permettant d'assurer la continuité entre plusieurs panneaux de conception identique assemblés bout à bout. Les moyens de liaison permettent notamment d'assurer la planéité entre les panneaux 1 afin de correspondre aux exigences de planéité des supports prêts à peindre et servent à assurer l'étanchéité pour que le béton ne puisse pas couler entre les panneaux 1 .
Les moyens de liaison permettent par exemple les assemblages suivants : The aforementioned mineral composite material responds in particular to these constraints of paint adhesion and regularity of the lower face 6. A lower face 6 of the shuttering panel produced by means of this composite material has a water absorption capacity of between 5% and 30%, preferably close to 20%, and a light color (reflection factor of the surface of at least 70%) allowing its painting in two color layers. The panel 1 of formwork lost according to the invention has on its four slices connecting means to adjacent panels, to ensure continuity between several panels of identical design assembled end to end. The connecting means make it possible in particular to ensure the flatness between the panels 1 in order to match the flatness requirements of the supports ready to paint and serve to ensure the tightness so that the concrete can not flow between the panels 1. The connecting means allow for example the following assemblies:
- l'assemblage de type "bouvetage" (figure 5). Le panneau comporte alors des portions en saillie de type languette 8 sur deux de ses tranches contigues et des portions en retrait des tranches, de type rainures 9 de forme complémentaire sur les deux autres tranches. Ces bouvetages sont dimensionnés de manière à former un emboîtement lorsqu'on joint plusieurs panneaux (figure 1 ) l'un à côté de l'autre pour former un ensemble extensible à l'infini (figure 1 ). L'emboîtement (figure 5) permet de garantir un ajustement et un affleurement précis des panneaux 1 entre eux et compense les éventuels défauts de réglage du dispositif d'étaiement. Un tel assemblage permet d'assurer un jointoiement hermétique entre les panneaux 1 et empêche ainsi l'écoulement de béton entre les panneaux. - l'assemblage de type "tenon-mortaise" ou "lamelles" (figures 4 et 7). Le panneau présente alors des tenons ou lamelles 12 réparties à intervalles réguliers sur deux tranches contigues et des réservations 13 de forme complémentaire, taillées dans la tranche et situées exactement aux mêmes intervalles sur les deux autres tranches. Ces appendices sont dimensionnés de manière à former un emboîtement lorsque qu'on joint plusieurs panneaux 1 l'un à côté de l'autre pour former un ensemble extensible à l'infini (figure 1 ). Cet assemblage est moins étanche que le précédent entre les panneaux 1 lors du coulage du béton. Il est alors prévu un bord supérieur chanfreiné 15 sur toutes les arêtes de la face supérieure (figure 8). Ces bords chanfreinés 15 servent de réservation pour l'application d'un joint élastomère d'étanchéité après assemblage des panneaux sur le site de réalisation du coffrage. - the assembly type "bouvetage" (Figure 5). The panel then has tongue-like protruding portions 8 on two of its contiguous slices and recessed portions of the slices 9 of grooves 9 of complementary shape on the other two slices. These bouvets are dimensioned to form an interlocking when several panels (Figure 1) are joined one beside the other to form an infinitely expandable assembly (Figure 1). The interlocking (FIG. 5) makes it possible to guarantee precise adjustment and flush of the panels 1 between them and compensates for any adjustment faults in the shoring device. Such an assembly makes it possible to seal hermetically between the panels 1 and thus prevents the flow of concrete between the panels. - The type of "tenon-mortise" or "slats" (Figures 4 and 7). The panel then has tenons or lamellae 12 distributed at regular intervals on two contiguous slices and reservations 13 of complementary shape, cut in the slice and located exactly at the same intervals on the other two slices. These appendages are dimensioned so as to form an interlock when several panels 1 are joined one beside the other to form an infinitely expandable assembly (FIG. 1). This assembly is less tight than the previous between the panels 1 during the pouring of the concrete. There is then provided a chamfered upper edge 15 on all the edges of the upper face (Figure 8). These chamfered edges 15 serve as a reservation for the application of an elastomeric sealing gasket after assembly of the panels on the site of the formwork.
- l'assemblage de type "recouvrement" (figure 6). Le panneau 1 présente alors des bords à feuillures 10 et 1 1 complémentaires, ménagées respectivement au niveau de la face supérieure pour deux bords contigus (exemple de la feuillure 1 1 ) et au niveau de la face inférieure pour les deux autres bords (exemple de la feuillure 10). Lorsqu'on assemble plusieurs
panneaux de coffrage (comme sur représenté sur la figure 1 ), ces formes permettent de recouvrir une feuillure sur une autre feuillure de forme inverse. L'emboîtement permet de garantir un ajustement et un affleurement précis des panneaux 1 adjacents entre eux et compense les éventuels défauts de réglage du dispositif d'étaiement. Cet assemblage permet d'assurer un jointoiement hermétique entre les panneaux et évite ainsi l'écoulement de béton entre les panneaux. - the assembly type "recovery" (Figure 6). The panel 1 then has complementary rebate edges 10 and 1 1 respectively formed at the top face for two contiguous edges (example of the rabbet 11) and at the lower face for the other two edges (example of the rabbet 10). When assembling several shuttering panels (as shown in Figure 1), these forms allow to cover a rabbet on another rabbet of opposite shape. The interlocking makes it possible to guarantee a precise adjustment and flush of the panels 1 adjacent to each other and compensates for any adjustment faults of the shoring device. This assembly ensures hermetic sealing between the panels and thus avoids the flow of concrete between the panels.
- l'assemblage aux moyens de "connecteurs" 18 (voir figures 12, 13, 14) qui sont répartis sur deux bords contigus de chacun des panneaux à assembler. Dans l'exemple présenté sur les figures 12 et 13, les connecteurs 18 comprennent un pied 19 de forme conique s'adaptant à un logement, en forme de V inversé, ménagé entre les bords inférieurs des panneaux adjacents. Ce pied 19 est surmonté d'une tige 20 se logeant dans les réservations 17 (voir les figures 10 et 1 1 ) ménagées dans les chants des panneaux, et se terminant par une tête 21 s'appuyant sur la face supérieure 4 des deux panneaux adjacents. - The assembly by means of "connectors" 18 (see Figures 12, 13, 14) which are distributed on two contiguous edges of each of the panels to be assembled. In the example shown in Figures 12 and 13, the connectors 18 comprise a conical-shaped foot fitting 19 to an inverted V-shaped housing formed between the lower edges of the adjacent panels. This foot 19 is surmounted by a rod 20 housed in the reservations 17 (see Figures 10 and 1 1) formed in the edges of the panels, and ending with a head 21 resting on the upper face 4 of the two panels adjacent.
Les réservations 17 ménagées dans les chants des panneaux permettent de définir le positionnement précis de ces connecteurs 18 et assurent le maintien par emboîtement des connecteurs à leur position prédéfinie sur le dit panneau. Ces réservations 17 dans les chants permettent d'ajuster les panneaux 1 l'un contre l'autre sans aucun écart, permettant ainsi d'assurer une étanchéité maximale lors du coulage du béton frais (voir figure 13). The reservations 17 formed in the edges of the panels make it possible to define the precise positioning of these connectors 18 and ensure that the connectors are held in place at their predefined position on said panel. These bookings 17 in the songs allow to adjust the panels 1 against each other without any gap, thus ensuring maximum sealing when pouring fresh concrete (see Figure 13).
Le cas échéant, les chants du dit panneau qui sont dépourvus de connecteurs présentent également des réservations dont la forme est étudiée pour épouser la forme des connecteurs fixés sur une autre plaque identique lorsque ces deux plaques sont positionnées côte à côte, que ce soit dans le sens de la largeur ou dans le sens de la longueur, les panneaux assemblés entre eux étant toujours orientés dans le même sens. Ces réservations peuvent
alors faire également office de détrompeur lors de l'assemblage des panneaux sur le chantier. Where appropriate, the edges of said panel which are devoid of connectors also have reservations whose shape is designed to match the shape of connectors fixed on another identical plate when these two plates are positioned side by side, whether in the widthwise or in the direction of the length, the panels assembled together being always oriented in the same direction. These reservations can then also act as a key during the assembly of panels on the site.
La forme des connecteurs 18 est étudiée pour permettre la superposition des panneaux lors de leur stockage : la base du pied 19 est évidée pour recevoir la tête 21 conique ou arrondie dudit connecteur et permettre ainsi l'empilement d'assemblage de panneaux avec connecteurs. The shape of the connectors 18 is designed to allow the superposition of the panels during storage: the base of the foot 19 is recessed to receive the conical or rounded head 21 of said connector and thus allow the assembly stack of panels with connectors.
La face supérieure 4 (voir figure 2) du panneau de coffrage perdu 1 selon l'invention présente des moyens d'accroché avec le béton de la dalle après son durcissement. The upper face 4 (see Figure 2) of the lost formwork panel 1 according to the invention has means for hanging with the concrete slab after curing.
L'accrochage avec le béton peut être créé de plusieurs manières : - une ou plusieurs réservations 7 non débouchantes (schématisées sur les figures 2, 4, 8, 9) sont taillées dans la face supérieure 4 du panneau de coffrage perdu 1 . La (ou les) réservations ont une forme en contre-dépouille, empêchant un corps liquide durci de s'en défaire. Il peut s'agir d'une forme en queue d'aronde avec un profil trapézoïdal (comme schématisé sur les figures 2 , 4 , 8 et 9) dont la base large est située dans le fond de la réservation ou tout autre profil présentant un élargissement par rapport à la largeur mesurée en surface du panneau. Ces moyens d'accroché par réservations ayant une forme de contre-dépouille constituent des moyens de liaison indémontables du panneau avec le béton coulé en place sur sa face supérieure (figure 2) et qui vient s'emprisonner dans ces réservations une fois qu'il a fait prise. La ou les réservations sont de préférence uniformément réparties sur la surface supérieure 4 (figure 2) afin d'assurer la répartition de la charge sur toute la surface du panneau de coffrage perdu 1 . - un ou plusieurs appendices sont fixés sur la face supérieure (figure 2) du panneau de coffrage perdu et font saillie à la surface du panneau. La forme du ou des appendices présente alors obligatoirement une contre-dépouille
empêchant de le ou les dissocier du béton durci après qu'il ait été coulé sur la surface supérieure 4 du panneau de coffrage. L'assemblage du ou des appendices au panneau de coffrage peut être réalisé par collage, fixation mécanique, ou assemblage de formes complémentaires. Ce type d'assemblage est privilégié lorsque l'épaisseur du panneau est trop faible pour réaliser une réservation dans la matière du corps du panneau. Le ou les appendices d'accrochés peuvent également servir de cale pour la pose d'une éventuelle nappe d'armatures métalliques sur le coffrage qui seront enrobées lors du coulage du béton et formeront un béton armé. L'appendice permet alors de maintenir une distance de quelques centimètres (par exemple 2 à 5 cm) d'enrobage de béton entre le panneau de coffrage perdu et la nappe d'armatures. Fastening with concrete can be created in several ways: - one or more non-emergent reservations 7 (shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2, 4, 8, 9) are cut in the upper face 4 of the lost formwork panel 1. The (or) bookings have an undercut shape, preventing a hardened liquid body from loosening. It may be a dovetail shape with a trapezoidal profile (as shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2, 4, 8 and 9) whose broad base is located in the bottom of the reservation or any other profile presenting a widening compared to the width measured at the surface of the panel. These means of hanging by reservations having a form of undercut constitute means of connection of the panel with the cast concrete in place on its upper face (Figure 2) and which is imprisoned in these reservations once it took hold. The one or more bookings are preferably uniformly distributed over the upper surface 4 (FIG. 2) so as to ensure the distribution of the load over the entire surface of the lost formwork panel 1. - One or more appendages are fixed on the upper face (Figure 2) of the lost formwork panel and project on the surface of the panel. The shape of the appendage (s) necessarily has an undercut preventing or dissociating it from hardened concrete after it has been poured onto the upper surface 4 of the formwork panel. The assembly of the appendage (s) to the shuttering panel can be achieved by gluing, mechanical fastening, or assembly of complementary shapes. This type of assembly is preferred when the thickness of the panel is too low to make a reservation in the material of the body of the panel. The hooked appendage (s) may also serve as a wedge for laying a possible sheet of metal reinforcements on the formwork which will be coated during the pouring of the concrete and form a reinforced concrete. The appendix then allows to maintain a distance of a few centimeters (for example 2 to 5 cm) of concrete coating between the lost formwork panel and the reinforcing ply.
Dans le cas où la finition recherchée du plafond lisse ne doit pas laisser apparaître d'interstice entre les panneaux 1 adjacents, il est alors prévu un système de jointoiement partiellement intégré au panneau. In the case where the desired finish of the smooth ceiling must not reveal a gap between the adjacent panels 1, it is then expected a grouting system partially integrated panel.
Le jointoiement peut par exemple être effectué de deux manières : - les quatre bords du panneau de coffrage perdu sont des bords amincis 16, sur la face inférieure 6 (figure 3) uniquement, par exemple d'une profondeur de un à trois millimètres et sur une largeur de soixante millimètres au maximum. La mise en place bout à bout des bords amincis 16 de deux panneaux de coffrage adjacents offre une réservation permettant la pose ultérieure d'une bande anti-fissuration collée et enduite en plusieurs passes avec un enduit adapté au matériau support sans générer de surépaisseur apparente à l'œil nu. La bande est collée dans la réservation crée par les bords amincis 16 (voir figure 9) de chacun des deux panneaux adjacents assemblés. - les quatre bords du panneau de coffrage perdu sont des bords chanfreinés 14 sur sa face inférieure 4 (figure 8). Le chanfrein présente un angle ouvert, de
préférence supérieur à 45° afin d'offrir une surface d'accroché maximale pour l'enduit de rebouchage. The grouting may for example be carried out in two ways: the four edges of the lost formwork panel are thinned edges 16, on the lower face 6 (FIG. 3) only, for example from a depth of one to three millimeters and on a width of not more than sixty millimeters. The end-to-end implementation of the thinned edges 16 of two adjacent formwork panels provides a reservation allowing the subsequent laying of a crack-proofing strip glued and coated in several passes with a coating adapted to the support material without generating apparent extra thickness. the naked eye. The tape is stuck in the reservation created by the thinned edges 16 (see FIG. 9) of each of the two adjacent assembled panels. the four edges of the lost formwork panel are chamfered edges 14 on its lower face 4 (FIG. 8). The chamfer has an open angle, preferably greater than 45 ° in order to provide a maximum hooking surface for the filling compound.
La réservation formée par la mise en place bout à bout de bords chanfreinés 14 de deux panneaux adjacents permet l'application ultérieure d'un enduit de rebouchage spécialement dédié. Après séchage de l'enduit de rebouchage, il est possible d'appliquer un enduit de finition pour masquer définitivement la jonction entre les deux panneaux. Le panneau de coffrage perdu selon l'invention 1 peut être placé en fond de coffrage sur le marbre d'un banc de préfabrication industrielle ou foraine. Après décoffrage de la dalle, les panneaux de coffrage coopèrent avec celle-ci de manière permanente et irréversible. Ils servent ainsi de revêtement de finition permanent de la sous-face de la dalle préfabriquée. Cette disposition permet de peindre directement la sous-face de la dalle préfabriquée sans étape de préparation préalable du support. The reservation formed by the end-to-end insertion of chamfered edges 14 of two adjacent panels allows the subsequent application of a specially dedicated filling plaster. After drying the filler, it is possible to apply a finishing coat to permanently mask the junction between the two panels. The lost formwork panel according to the invention 1 can be placed at the bottom of the formwork on the marble of an industrial prefabrication bench or fairground. After dismantling the slab, the formwork panels cooperate with it permanently and irreversibly. They thus serve as a permanent finishing coating of the underside of the prefabricated slab. This arrangement makes it possible to directly paint the underside of the prefabricated slab without a step of prior preparation of the support.
Dans l'exemple schématisé à la figure 15, le panneau 1 comporte une âme 22 comprenant un matériau isolant thermique et/ou conférant des propriétés d'isolation acoustique au dit panneau, interposée entre une couche supérieure 24 à face supérieure 4 rugueuse et une couche inférieure 26 à face inférieure 6 prêt à peindre. In the example shown schematically in FIG. 15, the panel 1 comprises a core 22 comprising a thermal insulating material and / or imparting acoustic insulation properties to said panel, interposed between an upper layer 24 with a rough upper surface 4 and a layer lower 26 with lower face 6 ready to paint.
Chacune des couches supérieure 24 et inférieure 26 peut être formée d'un matériau comportant des fibres, telles que des fibres de verre, enrobées dans un liant. Le liant de la couche supérieure 24 peut comprendre un polymère élastomère, tel qu'un polymère de type latex ou styrène-butadiène, éventuellement en mélange avec du ciment, tel que du ciment Portland. Le liant de la couche inférieure 26 peut être un matériau comportant de l'oxyde de magnésium et du chlorure de magnésium.
L'âme 22 peut être formée d'un matériau de résilience élevé dont le coefficient d'absorption acoustique aw est supérieur à 0,10 (selon la norme ISO 1 1654) pour des fréquences de son allant de 0 à 40000 Herz. Après coulage de la dalle, et démontage du dispositif d'étaiement, ladite âme résiliente se retrouve entre deux parois rigides appelées masses : la masse du dessus est constituée par le béton qui a généralement une densité de 2,4 à 2,8, la masse du dessous est la couche inférieure 26 du panneau 1 de coffrage de densité supérieure à 1 . L'ensemble ainsi créé constitue un système masse/ressort/masse qui améliore les performances acoustiques de l'ensemble dalle + panneau(x), notamment dans la catégorie des bruits aériens et dans la catégorie des bruits de chocs perpétrés sur le sol du niveau supérieur à la dalle ainsi que sur le plafond du niveau inférieur. Each of the upper 24 and lower 26 layers may be formed of a material having fibers, such as glass fibers, embedded in a binder. The binder of the upper layer 24 may comprise an elastomeric polymer, such as a polymer of latex or styrene-butadiene type, optionally mixed with cement, such as Portland cement. The binder of the lower layer 26 may be a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride. The core 22 may be formed of a high resilience material whose acoustic absorption coefficient aw is greater than 0.10 (according to ISO 1 1654) for sound frequencies ranging from 0 to 40000 Herz. After pouring the slab, and disassembly of the shoring device, said resilient core is found between two rigid walls called masses: the mass of the top is constituted by the concrete which usually has a density of 2.4 to 2.8, the bottom mass is the lower layer 26 of the shuttering panel 1 with a density greater than 1. The assembly thus created constitutes a mass / spring / mass system that improves the acoustic performance of the slab + panel (x), especially in the category of airborne noise and in the category of impact noise perpetrated on the ground level. higher than the slab as well as on the ceiling of the lower level.
Afin de faciliter encore le travail sur le chantier de construction, les panneaux 1 peuvent être avantageusement équipés, sur leur face supérieure 4 et/ou sur leur face inférieure 6 de moyens de réception d'éléments tels que des boîtiers 30 ou gaines 31 de raccordements électrique, hydraulique et/ou aéraulique, lesdits éléments étant de préférence aptes à être montés de manière amovible à ladite face supérieure 4 du panneau. In order to further facilitate the work on the construction site, the panels 1 may advantageously be equipped on their upper face 4 and / or on their lower face 6 with means for receiving elements such as housings 30 or sheaths 31 for connections. electrical, hydraulic and / or aeraulic, said elements being preferably adapted to be mounted removably to said upper face 4 of the panel.
Par exemple, comme représenté sur les figures 16, 17 et 18) ces panneaux peuvent être pré-équipés de moyens de réception disposés en saillie de ladite face supérieure 4, tels que des colliers 25 de type serre-câbles, colliers ou revêtements auto-agrippants, par exemple sous forme de pastilles auto- agrippantes collées à la surface : les embases de boîtiers 30 présentant également des zones auto-agrippantes peuvent ainsi être positionnées de manière rapide, précise et amovible. Lesdits moyens de réception peuvent aussi se présenter sous la forme de rainures ménagées dans la partie supérieure dudit panneau.
Ces pré-équipements des panneaux 1 permet ainsi un positionnement des boîtiers 30 de coffrage et gaines 31 de raccordement précis et rapide car il ne nécessite pas la lecture d'un plan et la mesure par des moyens de mesure manuels (mètre ruban) ; Ce positionnement des boîtes de coffrage sur les panneaux 1 reste néanmoins souple car il peut être, si nécessaire, décalé de quelques millimètres pour contourner des armatures pour le béton. Les boîtiers 30 peuvent aussi aisément être détachés puis remis en place. For example, as shown in FIGS. 16, 17 and 18) these panels may be pre-equipped with reception means arranged projecting from said upper face 4, such as clamps 25 of cable-clamp type, necklaces or self-adhesive coverings. grippers, for example in the form of self-gripping pads glued to the surface: the housing bases 30 also having self-gripping areas can thus be positioned quickly, accurately and removably. Said receiving means may also be in the form of grooves in the upper part of said panel. These pre-equipment panels 1 and allows a positioning casings 30 formwork and ducts 31 connection and accurate fast because it does not require the reading of a plane and the measurement by manual measuring means (tape measure); This positioning of the formwork boxes on the panels 1 remains nevertheless flexible because it can be, if necessary, shifted by a few millimeters to bypass reinforcement for the concrete. The housings 30 can also easily be detached and then put back in place.
De plus, au moins l'une des faces du dit panneau peut être munie de repères 27 et/ou de tracés 28,29 (voir la figure 19) aptes à le positionner en tant que coffrage sur le chantier et à guider le positionnement d'éléments annexes : In addition, at least one of the faces of said panel may be provided with markers 27 and / or plots 28, 29 (see FIG. 19) able to position it as a formwork on the site and to guide the positioning of the panel. ancillary elements:
- sur la face supérieure 4, des éléments destinés à être incorporés au béton à couler sur ledit panneau, tels que armatures pour le béton, réseaux électriques, hydrauliques et/ou aérauliques, emplacements de portes et fenêtres, de rupteurs thermiques ou de balcons, - On the upper face 4, elements intended to be incorporated into the concrete to be poured on said panel, such as reinforcement for concrete, electrical networks, hydraulic and / or aeraulic, locations of doors and windows, thermal breakers or balconies,
- et/ou sur la face inférieure en vue de guider le positionnement de cloisons (tracés 28 sur la figure 19), soffites du niveau d'étage sous-jacent et/ou d'éléments à fixer audit panneau formant plafond. and / or on the underside for guiding the positioning of partitions (traces 28 in FIG. 19), soffits of the underlying level of floor and / or elements to be fixed to said ceiling panel.
Ainsi chaque plaque est identifiée par une numérotation 27 qui correspond à l'ordre de pose et se réfère à un plan. Les tracés 28 correspondent à l'implantation réelle dans l'espace et à l'échelle réelle des armatures, réseaux et boîtiers 30 qui doivent être incorporés dans la dalle en béton et mis en place avant son coulage. L'ensemble de ces repères et tracés sert de guide aux opérateurs pour positionner le matériel à incorporer dans la dalle. Thus each plate is identified by a numbering 27 which corresponds to the order of laying and refers to a plane. The plots 28 correspond to the real implantation in space and to the actual scale of the reinforcement, networks and boxes 30 which must be incorporated in the concrete slab and put in place before it is poured. All these markers and traces serve as a guide for the operators to position the material to be incorporated in the slab.
L'assemblage des plaques de coffrage forme alors un puzzle (figure 19) sur lequel apparaissent toutes les informations utiles à la construction du bâtiment sous la forme d'un plan de niveau du bâtiment à l'échelle réelle. L'opérateur n'a plus besoin de se référer à un plan papier, ni d'utiliser des outils de mesure pour positionner les différents éléments. Les erreurs de mesure et de
positionnement sont alors considérablement réduites, voire éliminer. Il résulte également un énorme gain de temps sur le chantier de construction.
The assembly of the shuttering plates then forms a puzzle (figure 19) on which all the information useful for the construction of the building appears in the form of a level plan of the building on a real scale. The operator no longer needs to refer to a paper plane, nor to use measuring tools to position the various elements. Errors in measurement and positioning are then considerably reduced or eliminated. It also results in a huge time saving on the construction site.
Claims
1 . Panneau (1 ) de coffrage perdu pour la réalisation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher, ledit panneau constituant, à l'état coulé de la dalle, la partie inférieure de ladite dalle, caractérisé en ce que le panneau présente : - une face supérieure (4) dite d'adhérence comportant une surface rugueuse et/ou des moyens d'accroché à la dalle, en creux ou en relief, 1. Panel (1) lost formwork for the realization of compression slab concrete floor, said panel constituting, in the poured state of the slab, the lower portion of said slab, characterized in that the panel has: - a face upper (4) said adhesion having a rough surface and / or means of hanging on the slab, recessed or raised,
- une face inférieure (6) de parement, - a lower face (6) facing,
- et sur au moins l'un de ses chants, des moyens de liaison à un panneau adjacent sous forme de moyens d'emboîtement et/ou de réservation logeant des éléments de liaison. and on at least one of its edges, connecting means to an adjacent panel in the form of nesting means and / or reservation housing connecting elements.
2. Panneau selon la revendication 1 , caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'accroché de la face supérieure dudit panneau sont des alvéoles en forme de contre-dépouille, tels que des alvéoles (7) en forme de queue d'aronde. 2. Panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for hanging from the upper face of said panel are cavities in the form of undercut, such as cells (7) shaped dovetail.
3. Panneau selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de liaison à un panneau adjacent comprennent des moyens d'emboîtement direct avec ledit panneau adjacent, tel que des feuillures complémentaires (10,1 1 ) ou des formes de type rainure (9) - languette (8). 3. Panel according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the connecting means to an adjacent panel comprise means for direct engagement with said adjacent panel, such as complementary rabbets (10.1 1) or groove type shapes (9) - tongue (8).
4. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les éléments de liaison comprennent des éléments de type connecteurs (18). 4. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting elements comprise connector-type elements (18).
5. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la face inférieure (6) dudit panneau comporte des bords chanfreinés (14) ou des bords amincis (16), constituant des logements pour l'application d'un enduit de jointoiement et éventuellement d'une bande antifissuration entre deux panneaux adjacents.
5. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lower face (6) of said panel comprises chamfered edges (14) or thinned edges (16), forming housing for the application of a coating grouting and possibly an anti-cracking strip between two adjacent panels.
6. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la face inférieure (6) dudit panneau, dite face de parement, présente une surface de forme générale plane et est, de préférence, de couleur claire. 6. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside (6) of said panel, said facing face, has a surface of generally planar shape and is preferably light in color.
7. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la face inférieure (6) dudit panneau est en un matériau présentant une porosité et/ou une capillarité permettant son recouvrement par un enduit et/ou une peinture. 7. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the underside (6) of said panel is of a material having a porosity and / or capillarity allowing its recovery by a coating and / or paint.
8. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé d'un bloc monolithique, de préférence réalisé en un matériau à base de MgO, MgCI2 et de fibres. 8. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is formed of a monolithic block, preferably made of a material based on MgO, MgCl 2 and fibers.
9. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une âme (22) comprenant un matériau isolant thermique et/ou conférant des propriétés d'isolation acoustique audit panneau. 9. Panel according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a core (22) comprising a thermal insulating material and / or imparting acoustic insulation properties to said panel.
10. Panneau selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'âme (22) est entourée d'une couche supérieure (24) et d'une couche inférieure (26) formées chacune d'un matériau comportant des fibres enrobées dans un liant, de préférence ledit liant de la couche supérieure comprenant un polymère élastomère, tel qu'un polymère de type latex ou styrène-butadiène, de préférence le liant de la couche inférieure comprenant un matériau comportant de l'oxyde de magnésium et du chlorure de magnésium. 10. Panel according to claim 9, characterized in that the core (22) is surrounded by an upper layer (24) and a lower layer (26) each formed of a material comprising fibers embedded in a binder. preferably said binder of the upper layer comprising an elastomeric polymer, such as a latex or styrene-butadiene type polymer, preferably the binder of the lower layer comprising a material comprising magnesium oxide and magnesium chloride .
1 1 . Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la face supérieure (4) dudit panneau présente des moyens de réception d'éléments tels que des boîtiers et/ou gaines de raccordements électriques et /ou hydrauliques, lesdits éléments étant de préférence aptes à être montés de manière amovible à ladite face supérieure du panneau.
1 1. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the upper face (4) of said panel has means for receiving elements such as housings and / or sheaths of electrical and / or hydraulic connections, said elements being preferably adapted to be removably mounted to said upper face of the panel.
12. Panneau selon la revendication 1 1 caractérisé en ce que les moyens de réception sont disposés en saillie de ladite face supérieure (4), tels que des colliers de type serre-câbles, colliers ou revêtements auto-agrippants, ou se présentent sous la forme de rainures ménagées dans la partie supérieure dudit panneau. 12. Panel according to claim 1 1 characterized in that the receiving means are arranged projecting from said upper face (4), such as clamps type cable ties, collars or self-gripping coatings, or are presented under the grooves formed in the upper part of said panel.
13. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des faces (4,6) dudit panneau est munie de repères et/ou de tracés aptes à le positionner en tant que coffrage sur le chantier et à guider le positionnement d'éléments annexes : 13. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the faces (4,6) of said panel is provided with marks and / or traces adapted to position it as a formwork on the site and to guide the positioning of ancillary elements:
- sur la face supérieure, des éléments destinés à être incorporés au béton à couler sur ledit panneau, tels que armatures pour le béton, boîtiers et/ou gaines électriques, hydrauliques et/ou aérauliques, emplacements de portes et fenêtres, de rupteurs thermiques ou de balcons, - on the upper face, elements intended to be incorporated into the concrete to be poured on said panel, such as reinforcements for concrete, housings and / or electrical, hydraulic and / or air ducts, door and window locations, thermal breakers or balconies,
- et/ou sur la face inférieure en vue de guider le positionnement de cloisons, soffites du niveau d'étage sous-jacent et/ou d'éléments à fixer audit panneau formant plafond. and / or on the underside for guiding the positioning of partitions, soffits of the underlying floor level and / or elements to be fixed to said ceiling panel.
14. Panneau selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une des faces dudit panneau est munie de prédécoupes pour l'ajustement des dimensions dudit panneau aux limites de la zone à coffrer et/ou pour le percement d'orifices traversants. 14. Panel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the faces of said panel is provided with precuts for adjusting the dimensions of said panel to the limits of the zone to form and / or for the drilling of through holes.
15. Assemblage de panneaux de coffrage perdu pour la réalisation en élévation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher, comprenant des panneaux conformes à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 15. Assembly of lost form panels for the elevation of concrete floor compression slab, comprising panels according to any one of the preceding claims.
16. Assemblage de panneaux selon la revendication 15 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, positionnés dans les réservations (17) ménagées entre deux panneaux (1 ) adjacents, des connecteurs (18) comprenant un pied (19) de forme conique s'adaptant à un logement, en forme de V inversé, ménagé entre
lesdits panneaux adjacents, surmonté d'une tige (20) terminée par une tête (21 ) s'appuyant sur la face supérieure des deux panneaux adjacents. 16. Assembly of panels according to claim 15 characterized in that it comprises, positioned in the reservations (17) formed between two adjacent panels (1), connectors (18) comprising a foot (19) of conical shape fitting a housing, inverted V-shaped, formed between said adjacent panels, surmounted by a rod (20) terminated by a head (21) resting on the upper face of the two adjacent panels.
17. Procédé de réalisation en élévation de dalle de compression en béton formant plancher comprenant les étapes successives suivantes : 17. A method of elevation of concrete floor compression slab comprising the following successive steps:
- réalisation de panneaux de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, - production of shuttering panels according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
- assemblage et étayage desdits panneaux selon un plan prédéfini et des repères numériques et visuels de leur positionnement, - Assembling and shoring said panels according to a predefined plan and numerical and visual markers of their positioning,
- pose d'armatures, gaines et/ou câblages, pose des boîtiers ou coffrages et mise en place des cloisons suivant des tracés réalisés et/ou à l'aide de moyens de réception prévus sur au moins l'une des faces desdits panneaux, - Installation of reinforcements, sheaths and / or wiring, installation of housings or formwork and placement of the partitions according to plots made and / or using reception means provided on at least one of the faces of said panels,
- coulage du béton sur la face supérieure desdits panneaux. pouring concrete on the upper face of said panels.
18. Procédé de préfabrication de dalles en béton formant plancher comprenant les étapes successives suivantes : 18. A method of prefabrication of concrete floor slabs comprising the following successive steps:
- réalisation de panneaux de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14, - production of shuttering panels according to any one of claims 1 to 14,
- assemblage desdits panneaux sur le banc de préfabrication selon un plan prédéfini et des repères numériques et visuels de leur positionnement, - Assembling said panels on the prefabrication bench according to a predefined plan and numerical and visual references of their positioning,
- pose d'armatures, gaines et/ou câblages, réalisation des réservations et mise en place des cloisons suivant des tracés réalisés et/ou à l'aide de moyens de réception prévus sur au moins l'une des faces desdits panneaux, - Installation of reinforcement, ducts and / or cabling, making reservations and placing partitions according to plots made and / or using receiving means provided on at least one of the faces of said panels,
- coulage du béton sur la face supérieure desdits panneaux. pouring concrete on the upper face of said panels.
19. Ensemble comprenant une dalle en béton et au moins un panneau (1 ) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 14 réalisé conformément à l'un des procédés des revendications 17 ou 18.
19. An assembly comprising a concrete slab and at least one panel (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 14 made according to one of the methods of claims 17 or 18.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US15/570,625 US20180355609A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2016-05-04 | Permanent form panel, assembly of said panels, and method for producing a concrete floor slab |
EP16723443.4A EP3292254B1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2016-05-04 | Lost formwork panel, assembly of such panels and a method for construction of a concrete floor slab |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1500963A FR3035894A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-05-06 | NON STRUCTURAL LAMINATED FORMWORK PLATE FOR CONCRETE FLOOR AS FINISH COATING FOR LASTED CEILINGS |
FR1500964A FR3035903A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-05-06 | METHOD FOR IMPLANTING INCORPORATION IN CONCRETE FLOORS BY MARKING, ETCHING AND CUTTING ON FORMWORK PLIERS |
FR1500963 | 2015-05-06 | ||
FR1500964 | 2015-05-06 | ||
FR1502327A FR3035895A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-11-04 | NON-STRUCTURAL LAND FORMWORK PANEL FOR CONCRETE FLOORS AS A FINISHING COATING READY TO PAINT CEILINGS |
FR1502329 | 2015-11-04 | ||
FR1502327 | 2015-11-04 | ||
FR1502329A FR3035904A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2015-11-04 | DEVICE FOR IMPLANTING INCORPORATION IN CONCRETE FLOORS BY MARKING, ENGRAVING AND CUTTING ON FORMWORK PLATES |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016177979A1 true WO2016177979A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 |
Family
ID=57218141
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2016/051061 WO2016177979A1 (en) | 2015-05-06 | 2016-05-04 | Permanent form panel, assembly of said panels, and method for producing a concrete floor slab |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20180355609A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3292254B1 (en) |
MA (1) | MA42042A (en) |
WO (1) | WO2016177979A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP3438365A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-06 | DOKA GmbH | Ceiling formwork and method for producing a ceiling element |
FR3071265A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-22 | Smart Cast | DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING PANELS IN THE SAME PLAN, ITS USE FOR LOST FORMWORK PANELS AND ASSEMBLY THUS OBTAINED |
US10759697B1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-09-01 | MSB Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20200199890A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Tate Access Floors, Inc. | Access floor assembly with access floor panels having interlocking edges |
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WO2008139179A2 (en) * | 2007-05-12 | 2008-11-20 | Shire Structures Limited | Composite floors |
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WO2006086842A1 (en) * | 2005-02-15 | 2006-08-24 | James Hardie International Finance B.V. | Flooring sheet and modular flooring system |
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US20100107512A1 (en) * | 2008-09-12 | 2010-05-06 | Ellison Micheal S | Construction system and resilient non-woven structural building panels |
DE102010051171A1 (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-16 | Stephan Wedi | Sheet-like element with a mortar-accepting coating or surface |
FR2973407B1 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2014-02-14 | Capremib | THIN FIBER CONCRETE PLATE COMPRISING MEANS FOR CONNECTING WITH A CONCRETE WORKPIECE, AND CONSTRUCTION MEMBER COMPRISING SUCH A THIN PLATE |
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2016
- 2016-05-04 US US15/570,625 patent/US20180355609A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2016-05-04 MA MA042042A patent/MA42042A/en unknown
- 2016-05-04 EP EP16723443.4A patent/EP3292254B1/en active Active
- 2016-05-04 WO PCT/FR2016/051061 patent/WO2016177979A1/en unknown
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WO2008139179A2 (en) * | 2007-05-12 | 2008-11-20 | Shire Structures Limited | Composite floors |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3438365A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-06 | DOKA GmbH | Ceiling formwork and method for producing a ceiling element |
WO2019025513A1 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | Doka Gmbh | Method for producing a ceiling element and ceiling formwork |
US11149434B2 (en) | 2017-08-02 | 2021-10-19 | Doka Gmbh | Method for producing a ceiling element and ceiling formwork |
FR3071265A1 (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2019-03-22 | Smart Cast | DEVICE FOR ASSEMBLING PANELS IN THE SAME PLAN, ITS USE FOR LOST FORMWORK PANELS AND ASSEMBLY THUS OBTAINED |
US10759697B1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-09-01 | MSB Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
US11008252B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2021-05-18 | MSB Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
US11655187B2 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2023-05-23 | Partanna Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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MA42042A (en) | 2018-03-14 |
EP3292254B1 (en) | 2023-03-22 |
EP3292254A1 (en) | 2018-03-14 |
US20180355609A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
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