WO2016169627A1

WO2016169627A1 - Textile covering material with shrink properties and products produced therewith

Info

Publication number: WO2016169627A1
Application number: PCT/EP2015/061395
Authority: WO
Inventors: Oliver Salzmann
Original assignee: K & R Sax Gmbh
Priority date: 2015-04-24
Filing date: 2015-05-22
Publication date: 2016-10-27

Abstract

The invention relates to a textile covering material comprising a spacer fabric having heat shrink properties, and to the use thereof in particular for seating furniture.

Description

Textile clothing material with shrinking properties

and products made therewith

The present invention relates to the technical field of textile covering materials which can be used, for example, in the furniture industry, in particular for purposes of covering seat furniture or the like.

In this connection, the present invention relates to a textile bespoke material with (heat) shrinkage function or (heat) shrinkage properties.

In particular, the present invention relates to a fabric covering material having at least one spacer fabric having heat shrink properties.

In particular, the present invention also relates to a heat-shrunk stringing material as such having at least one heat-shrunk spacer fabric. In addition, the present invention relates to the use of a textile covering material based on a spacer textile with heat-shrinkage properties for the production of the heat-shrunk covering material and a method for producing the heat-shrunk covering material according to the invention.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the textile bespan- material according to the invention with heat shrink function or the heat-shrunk cover material in the field of furniture industry, the automotive industry and the like, and for the production of furniture elements, in particular in the form of seating or seating furniture elements. Likewise, the present invention also relates to a process for the production of furniture elements based on the heat shrinking fabric of the invention and, more particularly, to furniture elements such as seating furniture comprising the heat shrinkable fabric or the heat-shrunk fabric of the invention. In the case of a spacer textile, which is also synonymously referred to as a textile spacer material, three-dimensional textile material or 3D textile material, it is generally a three-dimensionally formed one, ie one in the three spatial dimensions (length, depth (width) and height (thickness )) extending textile material, which generally has two outside and with a defined distance from each other arranged textile cover layers or textile cover surfaces (textile goods surfaces), wherein the respective cover surfaces may be formed, for example based on a fabric, knitted fabric or the like.

The textile cover layers of the spacer textile, which may be formed in the manner of a top layer and an underlayer, are generally connected to one another via a spacer or pile layer or via spacer-holding connecting threads, which are also referred to as so-called pile threads. The textile cover layers are spaced from each other by the spacer layer or by the pile threads or kept at a distance. Accordingly, a spacer textile is a textile material with respective textile cover layers, which is extended so to speak by the third dimension or in which the underlying textile (outer) layers are connected by pile threads in the third plane and spaced from each other.

Among the known in the prior art embodiments of a spacer fabric include z. B. so-called double fabric or pile fabric, which generally have an upper fabric on the one hand and a lower fabric on the other hand. The fabric coatings in turn comprise weft threads and warp threads, such as binding warp threads and filler warp threads. The fabric layers are connected by pile warp threads and kept at a distance. Such double fabrics are often further processed into plushes, velor materials or double carpets as well as artificial turf fabric by cutting or separating the underlying material in the region of the pile threads between the respective cover fabrics and parallel thereto.

In particular, so-called spacer fabrics are known in which standard bindings based on tricot, cloth or body bonds are used for the cover layers. Such spacer knitted fabric can u. B. are made on double raschel machines. In the prior art spacer fabrics there may be mechanical stabilization, particularly of the pile threads, resulting in the provision of some flexural elasticity, thereby providing a function comparable to that of the underlying prior art spacer fabrics. However, in such spacer textiles, it is generally not possible, due to the rigid structures, to perform a defined or customized shaping.

Textiles known from the prior art can in principle be used, for example, in the furniture industry and in particular for seating furniture, in particular as a back or seat unit or element. The materials are basically used in the form of cover fabrics or as coverings, for which purpose the material can be clamped in carrier or frame structures.

In this connection, high demands are placed on the textile materials to be used: on the one hand, it is necessary for the textile materials used for the abovementioned purposes to have a high stability in order to carry corresponding loads, wherein, moreover, a certain (reversible) extensibility or Elasticity is required to ensure appropriate ergonomics or comfort, for example with regard to the use as a covering or upholstery material of seating furniture. In addition, it is necessary for the textile materials used also to have appropriate recovery properties in order to be able to return to the starting position after a force-related stress ("sitting down").

In addition, it is necessary that the textile materials used, for example, in the production of seating furniture or the like, have good processing properties, in particular with regard to the covering of frames or carriers, in order to ensure as long as possible wrinkle-free covering. In particular, it is also necessary that the textile materials or textile sheet materials used over a sufficiently stable Fadenbzw. Yarn arrangement in the material, ie a sufficient slip resistance (sliding resistance), in particular seam sliding resistance, have to avoid a displacement of the material forming threads in particular forceful loading of the material. However, the above-mentioned requirements are sometimes not satisfied satisfactorily by the spacing textiles known in the prior art:

In this context, the problem often arises in the prior art that, in particular in the area of the fixing of the textile material on a support or frame, wrinkles or unwanted indentations or bulges or the like form, which is to be reduced in the prior art is trying to be realized as exact as possible cutting or exact sewing, but this is production and process technology consuming and especially costly.

In particular, the textile sheet materials used in the prior art for the covering of supports or frames often have only a limited freedom of design with regard to the shaping of covers or coverings. Creasing in the region of the support or frame often occurs, in particular in complex or complex shapes. In particular, it is attempted in the prior art to achieve a certain inherent tension of the clamped material in that the textile sheet material is already applied under (pre-) tension on the carrier, which is equally disadvantageous in terms of production technology.

In addition, the spacer textiles known in the prior art generally have a defined or firmly predetermined shape or shape in the three dimensional directions, after which the respective cover layers over the entire surface course or in the main extension plane of the underlying spacer textile at least substantially parallel or are arranged equidistantly from one another or according to which the respective outer layers basically have a constant spacing from one another over the entire surface of the spacer textile. Accordingly, the spacer textiles known in the prior art essentially have a constant thickness over the entire surface of the covering material or spacer textile.

In particular, it is not readily possible in the prior art to introduce defined three-dimensional shapes or geometries on the basis of a variable thickness of the spacer fabric for the formation of particular permanent depressions, indentations or the like in the surface or in the main extension plane of the material, in particular even after fixing the material on a support. Also, it is not possible in the prior art, the material al without the use of additional shaping means permanently with bends and curvatures in the material surface or the main extension plane and thus with a deviating from the planar or planar shape of the material shape or geometry.

Consequently, prior art spacer textiles do not always have optimum properties adapted to the respective field of application, for example with regard to the ergonomic properties or ergonomic adaptation of such textiles when used as permanently wrinkle-free seat or back coverings for seating furniture, since a body-adapted one spatial structure or shaping of the material is insufficient or not possible.

Also, therefore, it is often necessary in the prior art to use an additional padding or additional support materials to adapt the spatial shape or texture of the material or to the stability and in the case of use as a seat cover the seating comfort in a sense increase, especially as the materials of the prior art often lack a special compressive elastic component. However, the use of additional carrier materials is complex in terms of production or production technology and also leads to deteriorated properties, in particular also with regard to reduced air or moisture permeability of the materials used.

The known in the art distance textiles with the given shape or geometry, in particular with a constant (material) thickness and with generally planar or planar design of the material, are also disadvantageous, as often in the production of, for example, seating first an elaborate cutting or a sometimes complex stitching of the material is required in order to be able to realize, on the one hand, a wrinkle-free covering and, on the other hand, shapes that deviate from the given geometry.

In addition, the materials known from the prior art, as stated above, are often disadvantageous in that there is sometimes insufficient fixation of the yarns or threads forming the material, so that there is often insufficient slip resistance. This is detrimental to a permanent three-dimensional structure, since it can be degraded or even compensated for in particular under mechanical stress by "slipping" of the yarns. In addition, the materials known in the prior art, in particular in the form of spacer textiles, are disadvantageous in that optimum clamping or fixing to a frame (eg a welt frame) is often only complicated by sewing or gluing the material to the frame is possible.

Against the background of the prior art cited above, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a textile sheet material in the form of a covering material or spacing material which at least largely avoids or at least attenuates the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art.

In particular, in the context of the present invention, a textile sheet material is provided, which allows an at least substantially wrinkle-free reference of frame or support structures and the like, in particular in the production of seating, wherein the inventively provided material simultaneously improved reversible extensibility properties and improved elasticity properties and a high load capacity should have. In particular, a further object of the present invention is to provide a special textile material in the form of a stringing material or spacer fabric, which has an improved three-dimensional shape and in this context an improved adaptability to the respective application or use, for example with regard to providing a improved ergonomics when used in seating or the like, as the known in the prior art systems has. In the context of its use, in particular in the field of seating furniture, the material is intended to enable a high level of comfort or a high level of seating comfort, in particular by means of ergonomic adaptation or training to predetermined body contours.

A further object of the present invention is also to be seen in providing a special covering material or spacer textile, which allows a special and individually adjustable three-dimensional shape and in which in particular the thickness of the material for forming three-dimensional shapes set targeted even after its application to a tenter or can be changed. In this connection, it is yet another object of the present invention to provide a spacer textile fabric having processing and application specific improvements over the prior art, particularly with regard to producing wrinkle free covers of frame structures, e.g. Range of seating, wherein the spacer fabric provided according to the invention should have a targeted ergonomic adaptability at the same time good reversible extensibility properties and high load capacity.

A still further object of the present invention is also to be seen in providing a special covering material or spacer textile, on the basis of which it is possible to produce spatial textile fabrics which can be produced on conventional textile machines without complicated cutting or finishing processes, wherein especially with regard to the further processing of the textile material, the loss of material should be reduced and the processing or production time should be reduced.

Finally, a further object of the present invention is to provide a special spacer fabric in which a special three-dimensional shaping or structuring, that is to say a special three-dimensional shaping structure. H. even after heavy use, is given permanently.

The Applicant has now found, in a completely surprising way, that the aforementioned object of the present invention can be achieved by a special textile covering material according to the invention, which is equipped in a purposeful manner with heat shrinkage properties. In this case, the textile covering material according to the invention has in particular a heat-shrinkable spacer textile with a first cover layer (top layer) and a second cover layer (bottom layer) as well as between the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer, in particular the first textile cover layer and / or second textile cover layer associated spacer layer. The spacer layer has at least one pile thread, preferably a plurality of pile threads (pile yarns), wherein the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer are connected or fixed to one another via the spacer layer, in particular via the pile threads of the spacer layer. The first cover layer has at least one thread (upper layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads. In addition, the second cover Layer at least one thread (lower layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads on. According to the invention, it is additionally provided that the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer, preferably the second cover layer, is / are heat-shrinkable, wherein the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer, preferably the second cover layer, comprises at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn ,

According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the threads of the first cover layer and / or the threads of the second cover layer, in particular the threads of the second cover layer, are at least partially formed as a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn or comprise a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. Thus, the first cover layer or the second cover layer, in particular the second cover layer or lower layer, of the inventive covering material has (heat) shrinkage properties.

In this context, the above-described object in the context of the present invention is thus - according to a first aspect of the invention - achieved by a textile covering material which has a spacer textile with heat shrinkage properties, according to the corresponding independent claim. Further, advantageous embodiments of the heat-shrinkable textile covering material according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims in this regard.

Another object of the present invention - according to a further aspect of the present invention - is also the heat-shrunk textile covering material, which is at least partially and / or partially heat-shrunk and which in particular by at least sections and / or partially heat treatment of the textile fabric material according to the invention with heat shrink properties available is, according to the independent, the heat-shrunk stringing material as such claim. Further, advantageous embodiments of the invention heat-shrunk cover material are the subject of the dependent claims. Another object of the present invention - according to a still further aspect of the present invention - is the use of the textile covering material according to the invention for the production or manufacture of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric according to the invention according to the corresponding independent claim.

Another object of the present invention - according to yet another aspect of the present invention - is the inventive method for producing the heat-shrunk stringing material according to the invention according to the corresponding method claim. Further, advantageous embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of the relevant subclaim.

In addition, another object of the present invention - according to a still further aspect of the present invention - the use of the textile fabric with heat shrinkable properties or the heat-shrunk cover material of the invention in the field of furniture industry, automotive and the like or for the production of furniture elements or the like according to the corresponding independent use claims.

Yet another object of the present invention - according to yet another aspect of the present invention - is the method for the production of furniture elements and the like according to the relevant independent method claim.

Finally, another object of the present invention - according to a still further inventive subject - the furniture elements according to the invention comprising the heat-shrinkable covering material or the heat-shrunk covering material according to the invention, according to the corresponding independent claim.

It goes without saying that refinements, embodiments, advantages and the like, which are given below for purposes of avoiding repetition only as regards one aspect of the invention, naturally also apply correspondingly with regard to the other aspects of the invention. Furthermore, it goes without saying that in the following values, numbers and ranges the specified ranges are not restrictive; It goes without saying that it is possible to deviate from the specified ranges and specifications on a case-by-case basis or application-related basis without departing from the scope of the present invention.

In addition, all of the values or parameters specified below or the like can basically be determined or determined using standardized or explicitly specified determination methods or determination methods familiar to the person skilled in the art.

In the context of the present invention, in the context of the present invention, these data must be selected or combined by the person skilled in the art in such a way that, in total, if appropriate with the inclusion of further components or ingredients or Components, in particular as defined below - always 100% or 100 wt .-% result. However, this goes without saying for the person skilled in the art. Given this, the present invention will be described in more detail below.

The present invention thus provides - according to a first aspect of the present invention - a textile covering material, in particular for use in seating furniture, comprising at least one spacer textile with heat-shrinkable properties,

where the spacer textile

- A first textile cover layer (upper layer) and

- A second textile cover layer (lower layer) and

having a spacer layer arranged between the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer, in particular the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer, wherein the spacer layer has at least one pile thread, preferably a plurality of pile threads (pile yarns), the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer being connected to one another via the spacer layer, in particular via the pile threads of the spacer layer, and / or being fixed to one another,

wherein the first cover layer has at least one thread (upper layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads, and the second cover layer at least one thread (lower layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads, and

wherein the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer, preferably the second cover layer, is or are heat-shrinkable, the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer, preferably the second cover layer, comprising at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and or wherein the threads of the first cover layer and / or the threads of the second cover layer, in particular the threads of the second cover layer, are at least partially formed as a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn or comprise a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn.

A basic idea of the present invention is therefore to be seen in the advantageous manner of providing the textile covering material with heat shrink function based on a spacer textile provided in accordance with the invention with a heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn (also known as "heat-shrinkable synthetic thread", "heat-shrinkable synthetic thread" or " heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn "), so that the fabric provided according to the invention or the underlying spacer textile is heat-shrinkable or has Wärmeschrumpfeigenschaften. According to the present invention, in particular the first textile covering layer or the upper layer and / or the second textile covering layer or lower layer, preferably the second textile covering layer (lower layer), is provided with the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, so that the respective layer equipped therewith has corresponding ones Characteristics of the heat shrinkable, in particular in the surface or main plane of extension of the fabric according to the invention (surface shrinkage). As a result, the textile covering material according to the invention can be stretched on a carrier or frame structure in an optimized manner, with the heat transfer material, which is carried out in particular after fixing on the carrier or frame structure. shrinking a permanently wrinkle-free cover or a permanently wrinkle-free covering is guaranteed. Because - without wishing to be limited to this theory - by the heat shrinking, preferably after applying or fixing to a support structure, the textile covering material according to the invention is effectively pulled smoothly and clamped or placed under (self) tension due to the heat shrinkage , so that an at least substantially wrinkle-free cover or a wrinkle-free covering of the support frame results. Due to the present (inherent) tension also results in a high load capacity, without the tensioning material according to the invention is excessively or irreversibly stretched or bulged. The textile covering material according to the invention can thus also be used in the manner of a self-supporting or self-supporting textile or covering.

The targeted use of a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the first or second textile covering layer can in particular produce a heat shrinkage in the area or main extension plane, in particular accompanied by a reduction in the area-related extent of the material (length and / or depth or width), which leads to the optimized clamping behavior with respect to a given carrier structure. In the context of the present invention, the terms "length" and "width" in this case relate to the respective directions of extent of the covering material or of the spacer textile in the main plane of extent.

As mentioned above, the clothing material according to the invention can be used in particular in the field of the furniture and seating industry, in particular for the production of corresponding backrests, seating elements and combined backrests / seating elements.

As regards the first textile cover layer or upper layer of the tension material according to the invention in this context in particular, these are in particular the layer facing the user in the application state ("sitting down"). As far as the second cover layer or sub-layer is concerned, it is in particular the side or layer of the clothing material according to the invention which faces away from the user.

According to the invention, provision may be made, for example, for the second textile cover layer to form an edge or welt area, wherein the second textile cover layer or lower layer covers this area on a support or frame fixed or can be clamped therein. In this context, the first textile cover layer or upper layer can be made smaller in area than the second textile cover layer. According to the invention preferred embodiment, according to which the second textile cover layer is formed heat shrinkable, the wrinkle-free clamping on the support or frame by the second textile cover layer can be ensured while the first textile cover layer in terms of ergonomics or in terms of providing a special optics can be optimized or specially designed. Thus, according to the invention, a functional separation of the respective layers can be realized.

Due to the high (compressive) elasticity and reversible extensibility, it is equally ensured in the context of the present invention that the tensioned stringing material can return to its original position after application of force, whereby a high level of sitting comfort is likewise guaranteed due to the reversible extensibility Therefore, an ergonomic adaptation to the body contours of a user can be done, which leads to a high level of comfort and excellent ergonomics.

Another key advantage of the present invention is the fact that the fabric of the invention without additional substructures, such as upholstery or support plates, in particular for seating can be used and thereby by the excellent ergonomic adaptation and air permeability of the material to conventional systems (using conventional Fabrics with related substructures) even improved seating comfort offers. In particular, a significantly improved so-called sink-in comfort is provided on the basis of the concept according to the invention in the case of seating furniture.

In addition to the surface shrinkage provided by the textile cover layers, it can also be provided according to the invention to equip the fabric material according to the invention in a targeted manner with a thickness shrinkage, wherein it can be provided for this purpose to equip at least a portion of the pile threads as heat-shrinkable pile threads or as heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn.

In this connection, the spacer textile on which the fabric according to the invention is based may in particular behave in such a way that the respective textile cover layers can be used over the distance range, in a synchronous manner. Nym also referred to as pile thread area or pole layer, connected to each other or spaced apart. By virtue of the additional use of at least one heat-shrinkable pile thread or a pile thread with heat shrinkage properties optionally provided according to the invention, a targeted shrinkage or heat shrinkage can also be produced in the spacer layer of the spacer textile. In this way, in particular, a defined change in thickness associated with the heat shrinkage or a thickness shrinkage of the spacer textile (that is, in the third dimension, so to speak) can be set. Consequently, as a result of the heat shrinkage in the thickness, an at least sectional and / or partially thinner material or a material with at least section- and / or region-wise smaller spacing of the textile cover layers relative to each other result.

In addition, in view of the optional use of heat-shrinkable fibers, there is thus a reduction in the thickness of the spacer fabric according to the invention, in particular in the case of heat shrinkage, along with a reduction in the distance between the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer of the spacer fabric according to the invention ,

In this case, the heat shrinkage in the thickness of the clothing material according to the invention both over the entire surface (ie in particular over the entire spatial extent of the spacer fabric or in particular in the main extension) as well as only sections or areas or with different severity or intensity on the spatial extension of the distance

Be set 25 tils according to the invention. Consequently, a heat-shrunk spacer textile can result in different thickness regions which have indentations or thickness-reduced regions along its surface or in the main extension plane, so that a defined shape or geometry can also be set for the surface. On this

A tailor-made adaptation of the clothing material according to the invention for the respective intended use can be carried out, for example for adaptation to a user's body structures in the case of seating furniture or the like ("seating area", "back or lumbar area"). As a result, the ergonomics and convenience can be further improved.

35

In this case, it can also be provided according to the invention that the reduction in thickness or the shrinkage only has a one-sided effect with respect to a textile covering layer, this being, in particular, the first textile covering layer. Due to the targeted heat shrinkability and the associated adaptability of the spacer fabric according to the invention can thus be omitted, for example, additional shaping support structures or the like, which is associated with manufacturing and performance advantages.

According to the invention, both a targeted surface shrinkage (wrinkle-free stretching) and a targeted thickness shrinkage (three-dimensional shaping, improved ergonomics) can thus be predetermined or set in the inventive covering material.

In this connection, it is also possible according to the invention to provide the heat-shrunk spacer textile according to the invention permanently with bends and, in particular, by means of special equipment and matching of the respective cover layers or the spacer layer (eg by providing only one cover layer with shrinkage properties) Curvatures in the material surface or the main extension plane and thus equip with a deviating from the planar or planar shape of the material in itself three-dimensional shape. Another central advantage of the present invention is to be seen in the fact that the covering material according to the invention can be used or clamped without supporting structures, such as foam cushions or the like. The defined heat shrink, especially in the surface of the material also excessive bulging or unwanted elongation is avoided in the context of a force stress of the material, especially since the covering material according to the invention due to the high restoring force to assume its original shape is capable, so that the fabric of the invention has equally excellent recovery properties.

In addition, according to a further embodiment of the present invention, as further mentioned below, the fabric of the invention can be further stabilized by the optional use of additional melt threads in the material, particularly as regards the change in thickness of the material caused by the heat shrinkage the respective threads or yarns and in particular also the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the cover layers as well as the heat-shrinkable pile thread are fixed by the melt threads, so that one after a heat shrink or displacement of the threads or yarns occurring under load is prevented.

According to the invention, the use of the melting threads thus prevents the (heat) shrinkage produced in the spacer textile according to the invention from being compensated again, so that, according to the invention, a spacer fabric which is resistant to stress and can be used over long periods of time is provided. The targeted use of melt threads also leads to the connection to a carrier, such as a (tension) frame or the like is improved, since with respect to the support structure improved adhesion or fixation or attachment of the material to the support in particular Heat influence is present. Consequently, for example, a complex fixation on the carrier, for example by sewing or the like, omitted. In the context of the present invention, the term "thread" on the one hand and "yarn" on the other hand are used interchangeably, with the terms in question generally representing a collective term for all line-shaped textile structures. In this context, a yarn or thread may comprise one or more fibers. For example, the thread or the yarn may be present as a monofilament or as a multifilament. In particular, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarns or threads used in accordance with the invention are filament yarns which, theoretically, comprise fibers of infinite length. According to the invention, the term "heat shrinkage properties" or "heat shrinkable" is understood in particular to mean a dimensional change of the spacer textile inducible by heat or temperature influence, wherein the latter is associated with a reduction in length of the yarn itself with respect to the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, wherein for the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn equally a thickening, ie an increase in the diameter may result. Thus, heat shrinkage in the context of the present invention is a controlled reduction in length, in particular of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, which likewise leads to a dimensional reduction of the covering material or to the formation of a shrinkage force in the covering material according to the invention. In this way, in the case of fixing the clothing material in a frame by the heat shrinkage, a clamping of the material take place, accompanied by a folding or buckling reduction of the so spanned matehals. In addition, the thickness of the mate can be set as targeted over defined heat shrinkage properties, in particular the pile threads. In general, the heat shrinkage according to the present invention with respect to the spacer fabric is a consequence of the length reduction of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn due to an underlying heat. The heat shrinkage according to the invention may in particular be an at least substantially irreversible shrinkage process.

In the context of the present invention, it can be provided, in particular, that the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer can be woven, knitted or knitted fabrics or nonwoven fabrics, preferably woven and / or knitted fabrics, preferably as woven fabrics. are formed. In the context of the present invention, a fabric is, in particular, a yarn system with a multiplicity of weft threads and a plurality of warp threads. In this regard, also hybrid forms, variations and combinations of the previously mentioned embodiments are possible. For example, it may also be provided in this connection that the second textile cover layer is in the form of a woven fabric and the first textile cover layer is knitted or vice versa. If both textile cover layers are formed as a woven fabric, the covering material according to the invention is accordingly a spacer fabric with heat-shrinkable properties. In the embodiment according to the invention, according to which both textile cover layers are formed as fabrics, the fabric of the invention is accordingly a spacer fabric.

In this context, it may be provided according to the invention that the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer are formed as a fabric having a plurality of warp threads, preferably binding warp threads and / or Füllkettfäden, on the one hand and a plurality of weft threads on the other. In addition, the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer may optionally contain filling weft threads. In addition, it is equally possible according to the invention for the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer to be knitted fabrics, in particular warp knit fabrics, with a multiplicity of wales on the one hand and a multiplicity of courses on the other hand. The knitted fabric can do this Mesh image of the type fringe, jersey, cloth, satin, velvet or their modifications or combinations thereof.

In the context of the present invention, a knitted fabric is preferably a so-called knitwear which comprises yarn systems which are constructed according to the so-called warp thread technique. Characteristic of the knitwear is that - in contrast to fabrics which have warp and weft - is made by stitch forming operations. The Zentralbzw. The binding element of a knitwear and thus of a warp-knit fabric is the stitch, which basically consists of a knit head, two loop legs and two stitched feet.

Due to the special selection or design of the textile covering layers, the covering material according to the invention can be equipped with special product properties, for example with regard to the look and feel of the respective surfaces.

According to the invention, the formation and arrangement of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn used in the covering material is of great importance, and indeed also with regard to the shrinkage behavior of the underlying spacer textile as a whole:

In particular, it may be provided according to the invention that the spacer textile has a plurality of heat-shrinkable plastic yarns. The underlying plastic yarns may each have different (heat shrink) properties. This allows a targeted adjustment of the shrinkage properties.

In particular, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be arranged to extend, at least in sections, preferably completely, in the first textile covering layer or in the second textile covering layer, preferably in the second textile covering layer.

In particular, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be arranged to extend, at least in sections, substantially parallel to the main extension plane of the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer, preferably the second textile cover layer. According to the invention, it can be provided that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used as a warp (shrinking warp) and / or as a weft (shrink weft) and / or as a filler (shrinkage), especially Kettfüllfaden or Schussfüllfaden, and / or as a stitch-forming thread (stitch-forming Shrinking) is formed or arranged. For this purpose, it can equally be provided that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed or arranged as a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats (floats), handle, weft thread, filament thread and part-shot.

In particular, it can be provided in the formation of the first and / or second textile cover layer, that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used only in the weft direction or in the warp direction of the respective textile cover layer. As a result, shrinkage can be provided in a targeted manner only in the warp or weft direction. According to the invention, it can also be provided that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used both in the warp and in the weft direction. Thus, a heat shrink can be provided in both the warp and weft directions of the respective cover layer. In addition, it can also be provided in the context of the present invention that the first and second cover layer have mutually different or different amounts of heat-shrinkable threads or yarns, so that also on this basis, a different shrinkage behavior with respect to the respective sides of the spacer fabric can be adjusted. As a result, for example, targeted bends or bends in the spacer fabric can be introduced by a correspondingly differentiated heat shrinkage behavior.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer, in particular the second textile cover layer, may be in the form of a woven fabric. It may be provided that in the weft direction of the first textile cover layer or the second textile cover layer, in particular the second textile cover layer, every second to tenth weft thread is a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn or in the warp direction of the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer, in particular the second textile cover layer, every second to tenth warp thread is a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. In particular, it is advantageous if the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn formed in particular as a weft thread or as a warp thread is 0.1 to 3 times, in particular 0.2 to 2 times, preferably 0.3 to 1.5 times, to the adjacent thread , preferably 0.5 to 1 times, the average thread diameter of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, in terms of the non-shrunk state, are spaced apart. As a result of the heat shrinkage, it may be provided that the spacing of the respective threads from each other is reduced, so that a compression of the fabric or the respective cover layer may be present, but it is provided in principle that the fabric structure as such with the each adjacent threads is maintained.

The proportion or amount of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the spacer textile can vary widely. However, particularly good shrinkage performance results are obtained when the proportion of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is in the range of 0.5% to 50%, more preferably 1% to 40%, preferably 2% Wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, preferably 3 wt .-% to 25 wt .-%, particularly preferably 4 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, most preferably 5 wt .-% to 10 wt. -%, related to the spacer textile. The amounts of heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be the same or different in the present cover layers. In particular, the second cover layer has a larger amount of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn compared to the first cover layer. In particular, with regard to the individual configuration of the shrinkage behavior, it can also be provided in the context of the present invention that the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer have or have different heat-shrinkable plastic yarns (ie both with respect to a respective layer as such) also in the comparison of the respective layers to each other).

In particular, the respective heat-shrinkable plastic yarns may differ in at least one parameter. In this case, the parameter can be selected from the group of physical and chemical parameters, preferably of physical and / or chemical nature, heat shrinkage behavior and / or shrinkage force. The heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be formed in particular as a monofilament or as a multifilament. In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be formed as Stapelfasergarn. For this purpose, the heat-shrinkable staple fiber yarn may comprise a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and optionally at least one further non-heat-shrinkable yarn (yarn). According to the invention, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may also be formed as a memory wire and / or memory yarn.

For the formation of the threads as a multifilament, it is equally possible to combine the heat-shrinkable component of the plastic yarn with other, non-shrinking components, such as other fibers or threads, in particular as defined below. In this context, so-called staple fiber yarns can be used. If the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used or combined with other fibers or threads, according to the invention it may also be what are known as "wrap-around yarns" in which the plastic yarn effectively functions as a "soul" and is therefore at least substantially invisible. Likewise, the heat shrinkable plastic yarn may also be a so-called twisted yarn.

In the case of forming the plastic yarn as a memory thread or memory wire, the plastic yarn may comprise an electrically heatable metal wire. With a corresponding current flow, targeted heating, accompanied by shrinkage, can take place. After completion of the current flow with concomitant cooling, a renewed expansion of the fibers can occur. For such a case, the heat shrink can thus be formed reversible.

In general, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may comprise or consist of a phthalate-based polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.

According to the invention, for example, the monofilament manufactured or sold by the company Perlon Nextrusion (formerly Teijin Ltd., Japan), in particular of the type 940 R, can be used. The heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can also have a (fiber) diameter, in particular mean thread diameter, in the non-shrunken state, in the range from 0.03 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.075 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0 , 08 mm to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm. The diameter can be determined, for example, by (light) microscopy.

According to the invention, it can also be provided that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has a linear density in the range from 50 dtex to 3,000 dtex, in particular 100 dtex to 2,500 dtex, preferably 500 dtex to 2,250 dtex, preferably 1 .000 dtex to 2,000 dtex.

In particular, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can have a tenacity of from 10 to 120 cN / tex, in particular 20 to 100 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 60 cN / tex, at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, in particular 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, have. As a result, a high mechanical strength or force resistance of the clothing material according to the invention is made possible. In this connection, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may have an elongation at break in the range of 2% to 50%, in particular 5% to 40%, preferably 10% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20%, at a temperature of 10% to 100 ° C, especially 10% to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, have. In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may have a heat shrinkage in the range of 5% to 50%, more preferably 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 30%, preferably 20% to 25%, in terms of the length in the non-shrunk state and at the temperature in the range from 80 to 240 ° C, in particular 100 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have.

In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may have a heat shrinkage in the range of 1% to 30%, especially 2% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, preferably 5% to 10%, in terms of the length in the non-shrunk state and at a temperature in the range from 70 to 150 ° C, in particular 80 to 120 ° C, preferably from about 100 ° C, have. Furthermore, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may have a shrinking force in the range of 100 cN to 1, 000 cN, especially 200 cN to 900 cN, preferably 300 cN to 800 cN, preferably 400 cN to 600 cN, at a temperature in the range of 140 to 240 ° C , in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, sen. In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can have a shrinking force in the range from 0.5 cN / tex to 10 cN / tex, in particular 1 cN / tex to 5 cN / tex, preferably 1, 5 cN / tex to 4 cN / tex, preferably 2 cN / Tex to 3.5 cN / tex, at a temperature in the range of 100 to 240 ° C, in particular 140 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have. The shrinkage force is determined in particular in the ambient medium air and at a pretension of 0.1 cN and after a heating time of 20 seconds. In particular, reference may be made to DIN 53 866. In the context of the present invention, the above-mentioned shrinkage force ensures that the covering material according to the invention builds up a certain inherent stress during heat shrinkage, and thus provides an optimal three-dimensional formation or shaping.

In the context of the present invention, provision may additionally be made for the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn to be transparent or opaque (ie not transparent or not transparent), preferably opaque. In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can also be colored, in particular color-transparent or color-opaque. In this way, an optical network or lattice structure can be realized on a technical level in a targeted manner, in particular also by the optionally present transparency of the fibers. In addition, it is equally possible to introduce patterns or the like specifically into the covering material according to the invention on a technical level. In this context, it is also possible according to the invention that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has at least one yarn (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fiber, in particular as defined below. In this way, in particular the optical or haptic properties of the textile material according to the invention can be adjusted in a targeted manner. For this purpose, reference may also be made to the above statements. In particular, in the context of the present invention, comparable optical properties to conventional reference materials can be provided. For example, the clothing material according to the invention may have optical (and in addition also haptic properties) of a wool fabric. In addition, it can be provided according to the invention according to a further embodiment equally that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is elastic. As a result, the elastic properties of the clothing material according to the invention can be improved overall, in particular also with regard to the provision of recovery properties. According to the invention, for example, the type 636 BQ monofilament manufactured or sold by Perlon Nextrusion can be used.

According to a preferred embodiment according to the invention, it can equally be provided that the spacer layer of the clothing material according to the invention is also made heat-shrinkable. For this purpose, the spacer layer may comprise at least one heat-shrinkable pile thread. In particular, the pile thread may be at least partially formed as a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. For this purpose, in addition to the following explanations, reference may also be made to the above statements regarding the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, which apply correspondingly to the pile threads. In the context of the present invention, it can thus also be provided to also equip the spacer layer of the spacer textile with heat-shrinkable properties, so that an additional heat-induced shrinkage can be provided on this basis with a reduction in the thickness of the inventive covering material.

According to the invention, it can be provided that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, alternately passes through the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer or that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, is guided alternately through the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer.

In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, passes through the first textile covering layer and the second textile covering layer alternately. Accordingly, in the context of the present invention, it may be the case, for example, that a pile thread runs from the first cover layer over the spacer layer to the second cover layer, then through the second cover layer and then again extends over the spacer layer to the first textile cover layer, etc The pile thread can thus be arranged, as it were, in such a way that it moves back and forth in the spacer textile according to the invention between the respective cover layers and thereby turns the respective cover layers as a turncoat. passes through sections in sections. This results in a particularly strong composite in the spacer textile, which likewise leads to an efficient shrinkage behavior, since the optionally heat-shrinkable pile thread is also integrated in the textile cover layers.

Accordingly, it can thus be provided according to the invention, according to a preferred embodiment, that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, is guided alternately through the first textile covering layer and the second textile covering layer. In this context, it can be provided in particular that the first and / or second textile covering layer, in particular the second textile covering layer, is guided around at least one thread, in particular weft thread and / or warp thread, preferably weft thread. The first and / or second textile cover layer, in particular the second textile cover layer, may also be guided around at least one in particular stabilizing filler thread, in particular stabilizing filler warp thread and / or one stabilizing filler weft thread.

In this connection, according to the invention, it can equally be provided that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, passes through the first textile covering layer and / or the second textile covering layer at least substantially arcuately. The cover layers are, so to speak, turning points with respect to the direction of travel of the pile thread.

In particular, it may be provided that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, in particular on the outside about the respective warp threads or weft threads, preferably weft threads, the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer is performed, in particular if the cover layers in question are formed in the form of a fabric. Equally, it can be provided that the pile yarn, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile yarn, in particular on the outside around the respective wales or courses, in particular around the wales or courses forming threads (yarns), the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer , is guided.

The term "outside", as used according to the invention, refers in particular to the side of the respective cover layer facing away from the spacer layer. Due to the concept according to the invention, according to which the The pile threads forming the cover layers, so to speak, result in a firm and permanent connection of the respective cover layers to form the spacer fabric according to the invention, whereby the shrinkage properties are simultaneously improved by the special course of the pile thread, in particular as regards the uniformity of the shrinkage ,

In addition, the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, can in particular be arranged extending in sections in the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer or, in particular sections, extending substantially parallel to the main extension plane of the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer , In particular, according to the invention, the pile thread can be arranged in such a way that, starting from the spacer layer, it bridges a plurality of outside threads forming the respective layers in order to subsequently run through the spacer layer to the opposite cover layer. In this way, in addition to the reduction in thickness, a shrinkage in the main extension plane caused by the pile threads and thus an additional length or width shrinkage of the spacer textile according to the invention can be provided.

In this connection, according to the invention, provision may additionally be made for the pile yarn, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile yarn, in particular in sections in the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer in the form of a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats (floats), Henkel, weft, filament and partial weft, is arranged. This also makes it possible to set the heat shrinkage behavior of the spacer textile in a targeted manner, and in particular also as regards the shrinkage behavior of the textile cover layers as such.

According to a first embodiment of the present invention, it can also be provided that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, in particular sections extending over a plurality of chains or shots, in particular shots, the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer is arranged. In this case, the pile thread can be arranged to extend over at least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five or more chains or shots. According to a second embodiment of the invention, provision can be made for the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, to be arranged extending in sections in particular over a plurality of courses or wales of the first textile cover layer or the second textile cover layer. It can be provided that the pile thread is arranged to extend over at least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five or more rows of stitches or wales. In particular, the spacer layer can have a plurality of pile threads, in particular heat-shrinkable pile threads. In this case, the pile threads, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile threads, can be arranged in the spacer layer at least substantially parallel to one another. In particular, the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, can be arranged running in the spacer layer at least substantially perpendicular to the main extension plane of the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer. Due to this measure, a particularly high density of pile threads (sections) can be realized in the spacer layer.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it can be provided that the pile yarn, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile yarn, in the spacer layer at an angle (laying or crossing angle) to the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer in the range of 10 ° to 90 ° , in particular 20 ° to 90 °, preferably 40 ° to 90 °, preferably 45 ° to 90 °, more preferably 60 ° to 90 °, most preferably 75 ° to 90 °, extending arranged. The crossing angle here refers to the angle of the section of the pile thread in the spacer layer to the corresponding textile cover layer or to its main extension plane. By setting special laying or crossing angles, the shrinkage behavior of the spacer textile can be controlled or adjusted in a continuing manner, and in particular also with regard to the direction of shrinkage. In addition, the setting of special laying or crossing angles makes it possible to set the reversible elasticity and the compressibility of the spacer textile, which is of particular importance for use in seating furniture for providing good seating comfort or improved ergonomics. In particular, it may be provided according to the invention that the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread, is arranged in the spacer layer in such a way that successive sections of the pile thread are arranged in opposite directions in the spacer layer, in particular in opposite directions.

As far as the textile covering material according to the invention as such continues to be concerned, the underlying spacer textile can be equipped at least essentially completely (ie in the area of the entire surface in the main plane of extension) with the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread. In contrast, it can also be provided according to the invention that the spacer textile is only partially or in sections equipped with the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread. According to the invention, it can also be provided that at least 1%, in particular at least 5%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 50% of the surface of the spacer textile, based on the main extension plane of the spacer fabric, equipped with the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread is. In particular, it may be provided that 1% to 100%, in particular 5% to 99%, preferably 20% to 95%, preferably 50% to 90%, of the surface of the spacer textile, based on the main extension plane of the spacer fabric, with the pile thread, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread. According to the invention, it is equally possible for the pile threads, in particular the heat-shrinkable pile threads, to be arranged in a plurality of regions and / or sections of the spacer textile, in particular in at least two, preferably at least three, preferably at least four regions and / or sections of the spacer textile. In this case, the individual regions or sections can be spaced apart from one another and / or arranged adjacent to one another. By area or sections of equipment of the spacer fabric with the heat-shrinkable pile threads, so to speak, a location-specific or localized heat shrink and thus optimized for the particular application heat shrink can be provided, for example, with respect to a seat or back section a Sitzmöbelbespannung or a seating furniture element or similar. In this context, it may be provided according to the invention that the regions or sections of the spacer textile not equipped with the heat-shrinkable pile threads are equipped with pile threads which are at least substantially non-heat-shrinkable. Equally, however, it can also be provided that the regions or sections equipped with the heat-shrinkable pile threads likewise have a defined proportion of non-heat-shrinkable pile threads. In particular, heat-shrinkable pile threads on the one hand and non-heat-shrinkable pile threads on the other hand can be separated from one another in sections or sections or mixed or together (ie in common areas or sections) in the spacer textile.

The covering material according to the invention may have mutually different pile threads, in particular different heat-shrinkable pile threads from each other. In this case, the respective pile threads, in particular heat-shrinkable pile threads, can differ in at least one parameter. In particular, the parameter can be selected from the group of physical and chemical parameters, preferably of physical or chemical nature, heat shrinkage behavior or shrinkage force. Thus, for example, various heat-shrinkable pile threads, for example sections or sections, can be used, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile threads, which are different from one another, have a different heat shrinkage behavior. Thus, also on this basis, a differentiated shrinkage behavior can be set or implemented in the spacer textile according to the invention. In this context, it is also possible according to the invention to use heat-shrinkable pile threads or pile yarns or shrink threads with different shrinkage properties over the surface or main extension plane of the spacer fabric so as to provide a differentiated heat shrinkage along the main extension plane of the spacer fabric, which is equally effective in sections or regions different thickness configurations of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric according to the invention leads.

In general, the proportion of the pile thread, in particular of the heat-shrinkable pile thread, from 0.5 wt .-% to 95 wt .-%, in particular 1 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, preferably 3 wt .-% to 80 wt. %, preferably 5% to 70%, more preferably 8% to 60%, very preferably 10% to 50%, by weight, based on the spacer textile, be. In particular, the proportion of the heat-shrinkable pile yarn in the range of 1 wt .-% can 100 wt .-%, in particular 5 wt .-% to 99 wt .-%, preferably 10 wt .-% to 95 wt .-%, preferably 15 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 20 wt. -% to 90 wt .-%, most preferably 30 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, based on the totality of the pile threads are.

The heat-shrinkable pile thread may be formed in the context of the present invention as a monofilament or as a multifilament. When forming the thread as a multifilament, it is equally possible to combine the heat-shrinking component of the plastic yarn with other non-shrinking components, such as further fibers or threads, in particular as defined below. In this way, the heat-shrinkable pile threads used according to the invention can also be designed as staple fiber yarns.

Accordingly, it can thus be provided according to the invention that the heat-shrinkable pile thread is designed as staple fiber yarn. In this connection, the heat-shrinkable staple fiber yarn may comprise a heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn and optionally at least one other non-heat-shrinkable thread (yarn). According to the invention it can also be provided in this context that the heat-shrinkable pile thread is designed as a memory wire and / or memory yarn. In this case, the heat-shrinkable pile threads or the heat-shrinkable thread may comprise an electrically heatable metal wire. Furthermore, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn may comprise or consist of a phthalate-based polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, preferably polyethylene terephthalate. The heat-shrinkable pile thread, in the non-shrunk state, may have a diameter in the range of 0.05 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0, 1 mm to 1, 5 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm , particularly preferably 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm. The corresponding diameters can be determined in particular (light) microscopically.

According to the invention, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn may have a linear density in the range from 100 to 3000 dtex, in particular 500 dtex to 2500 dtex, preferably 1 000 dtex to 2250 dtex, preferably 1 .500 dtex to 2000 dtex. In addition, the heat-shrinkable pile thread can have a tenacity of 10 to 120 cN / tex, in particular 20 to 100 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 60 cN / tex, at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, in particular 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, have.

The heat-shrinkable pile yarn can have an elongation at break in the range of 2% to 50%, in particular 5% to 40%, preferably 10% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20%, at a temperature of 10% to 100 ° C., in particular 10%. to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C have.

In addition, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn may have a heat shrinkage in the range of 5% to 50%, more preferably 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 30%, preferably 20% to 25%, in terms of the length in the non-shrunk state and at the temperature in the range from 80 to 240 ° C, in particular 100 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have. Similarly, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn may have a heat shrinkage in the range of 1% to 30%, more preferably 2% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, preferably 5% to 10%, by length in the non-shrunk state and at one temperature in the range of 70 to 150 ° C, in particular 80 to 120 ° C, preferably about 100 ° C, have.

Further, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn can have a shrinking force in the range of 100 cN to 1, 000 cN, especially 200 cN to 900 cN, preferably 300 cN to 800 cN, preferably 400 cN to 600 cN, at a temperature in the range of 140 to 240 ° C , in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have. In particular, the heat-shrinkable pile yarn can have a shrinkage force in the range from 0.5 cN / tex to 10 cN / tex, in particular 1 cN / tex to 5 cN / tex, preferably 1, 5 cN / tex to 4 cN / tex, preferably 2 cN / Tex to 3.5 cN / tex, at a temperature in the range of 100 to 240 ° C, in particular 140 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have.

Furthermore, the heat-shrinkable pile thread may be transparent or opaque, preferably opaque. In addition, the heat-shrinkable pile thread may be colored, in particular color-transparent or color-opaque. For this purpose, it can also be provided that the heat-shrinkable pile thread has at least one thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fiber, in particular as defined below. As stated below for the heat-shrunk fabric of the invention, the use of the heat-shrinkable pile yarn provides a material into which recesses and / or indentations and / or reduced-thickness (tapered) portions and / or regions can be incorporated. In this case, the covering material may be formed such that the stated shapes or geometries are formed only on one side in the covering material or in only one textile covering layer, in particular in the first textile covering layer. The textile cover layers, in particular the second textile cover layer, can have at least one especially stabilizing filler thread, in particular stabilizing filler warp thread and / or one stabilizing filler weft thread, preferably filler warp thread. The stabilizing filler thread may be a thread based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers, in particular as defined below. In particular, the stabilizing filler thread can have a titre in the range of 100 to 10,000 dtex, in particular 150 to 6,000 dtex, preferably 250 to 4,000 dtex, particularly preferably 400 to 1,500 dtex. The stabilizing filler thread can also have a (fiber) diameter, in particular mean thread diameter, in the range from 0.05 mm to 3 mm, in particular 0.1 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 1, 5 mm, preferably 0, 2 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm. In particular, the stabilizing filler thread may have a larger (fiber) diameter, in particular mean thread diameter, than the other threads or yarns of the clothing material, in particular as the warp threads or weft threads and / or as the threads forming the stitch rods or courses and / or or as the pile threads of the stringing material. In this context, the (fiber) diameter, in particular average thread diameter, of the stabilizing filling thread can be greater by a factor of 1, 1 to 2, in particular by a factor of 1.2 to 1.5, than the (fiber) diameter, in particular mean thread diameter, of the remaining threads, as previously stated. In addition, the stabilizing filling thread with a higher tension, in particular warp and / or weft tension, preferably warp tension, can be incorporated into the covering material. In particular, the tension, in particular warp and / or weft tension, preferably warp tension, of the stabilizing filling thread can be greater by a factor of 2 to 10, in particular by a factor of 3 to 5, than that of the remaining threads or yarns of the clothing material according to the invention. According to a further and preferred embodiment of the invention, the spacer textile, in particular the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer, preferably the second textile cover layer, at least one melted thread. In particular, the threads of the first cover layer and / or the threads of the second cover layer, in particular the threads of the second cover layer, may be at least partially formed as a melted thread or comprise a melted thread.

As regards the melt thread used according to the invention, it may be arranged running at least in sections, preferably completely, in the first textile covering layer and / or in the second textile covering layer.

In this context, the melted thread can be used, for example, as a warp (shrinking warp) and / or as a weft (shrink weft) and / or as a filler (shrinkage), especially Kettfüllfaden and / or Schussfüllfaden, and / or as a stitch-forming thread (stitch-forming shrinkage) and / or as Polfaden be formed or arranged.

In this context, it is equally possible that the melted thread as a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats (floats), handle, weft, filament and partial shot, trained or arranged.

As part of the shrinkage process, the hotmelt used according to the invention, without wishing to be limited by this theory, causes a fixation or "sticking together" of the shrink threads used according to the invention or the shrink threads with the other constituents or yarns of the spacer textile. As a result, the shrunken spacer fabric is stabilized further, since the fibers or threads are so to speak firmly connected to each other, so that a subsequent displacement of the threads is prevented. It follows that the shaping of the fabric according to the invention caused by the shrinkage process is maintained even with high or alternating mechanical stress. In this connection, according to a preferred embodiment according to the invention, it may be provided that the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer is in the form of a woven fabric, wherein the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer is in the weft direction. every second to tenth weft, in particular every third to eighth weft, is a melt or in the warp direction of the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer every second to tenth warp, in particular every third to eighth warp, is a melted thread. As a result, a particularly good and permanent bonding or fixing of the individual threads or yarns is made possible.

The proportion of the melt thread in the clothing material according to the invention can vary within wide ranges. In particular with regard to the bonding or fixing of the respective threads or yarns, however, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the proportion of the melt thread is in the range from 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight, in particular 0.25 Wt .-% to 40 wt .-%, preferably 0.5 wt .-% to 30 wt .-%, preferably 0.75 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably 1 wt .-% to 10 Wt .-%, most preferably 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile is.

According to the invention, the melted thread may be formed as a monofilament or as a multifilament, or the melted thread may be formed as a staple fiber yarn. In this case, the molten thread may optionally comprise at least one further, non-melting thread (yarn), in particular as defined below.

According to the invention, the melted thread may comprise or consist of an organic polymer, preferably a thermoplastic and / or heat-sticky organic polymer, and / or at least one thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive. In this case, the organic polymer or the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, independently of one another, can be selected from polymers from the group of polyesters, polyamides, polyethers, polyetheresters and / or polyurethanes and also their mixtures and copolymers, preferably polyamides.

In this context, the polymers used as binders or hot melt adhesives may be selected from amorphous, semi-crystalline and crystalline polymers, in particular semi-crystalline polymers. In general, the semicrystalline polymers may have a degree of crystallinity of from 10 to 80%.

The hot melt should have a softening or melting point in the range of 50 ° C to 200 ° C, especially 55 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 140 ° C, preferably 65 ° C to 120 ° C. In particular, the enamel thread should nen softening or melting point below 200 ° C, in particular below 180 ° C, preferably below 140 ° C, preferably below 120 ° C, more preferably below 100 ° C, most preferably below 80 ° C. ,

Hotmelt adhesives (also referred to as hot melts in a synonym) are generally a thermally fusible adhesive system which, after cooling, develops a cohesion or internal strength. Hot melt adhesives are generally solvent free and room temperature solid products. If the hotmelt adhesive is heated in particular for subsequent contact with a substrate, the viscosity of the hotmelt adhesive is reduced, as a result of which the substrate is wetted with the hotmelt adhesive. Adhesion forces occur. As the resulting intermediate cools, cohesive forces eventually occur.

As regards the term "softening point" as used in the present invention, it indicates, in particular, the temperature at which the binder, in particular the hotmelt adhesive, changes from a solid to a soft state or in which the hardness of the binder or binder is increased . of the hot-melt adhesive, in particular abruptly and substantially. The softening point can be determined in particular according to methods of determination based on ring and ball as well as Kofler heating bench which are known in the prior art. In particular, the softening point can be determined on the basis of the ASTM E28 standard using a ring and ball method. In particular, the softening point denotes the corresponding maximum in the underlying DSC diagram (Differential Scanning Calorimetry).

Furthermore, the term "melting point" refers in particular to the temperature at which a partially crystalline polymer or a partially crystalline binder, in particular a partially crystalline hot melt adhesive, loses its crystal properties. Semi-crystalline polymers or binders generally have both a softening point, which relates to the behavior of the amorphous phase of the polymer, and a different melting point, the melting point being based on the crystalline phase of the underlying polymer. The melting point is generally higher than the corresponding softening point of the polymer. In contrast, crystalline polymers have only one melting temperature and thus no softening point. In addition, amorphous polymers are generally such that the melting behavior takes place in a certain temperature range. In particular, the melting point can be determined on the basis of the ASTM D3461 standard. The abovementioned properties of the underlying polymers with regard to their softening or melting behavior are fundamentally known to the person skilled in the art.

In the context of the present invention, it has proved to be particularly advantageous if the hotmelt has a lower softening or melting point compared to the heat shrinkage temperature of the heat-shrinkable pile threads or of the heat-shrinkable threads. In particular, the softening or melting point of the molten filament may be at least 1 ° C (1K), especially at least 5 ° C (5K), preferably at least 10 ° C (10K), preferably at least 15 ° C (15K), especially preferably at least 20 ° C (20K), lower than the heat shrink temperature of the heat-shrinkable pile yarn and the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, respectively. In this way, as a part of the heat shrinking, the melt fibers are first melted, followed by the heat shrinkage of the pile threads and the heat-shrinkable thread, respectively. This results in a more uniform shrinkage and a better fixation of the threads in the spacer fabric according to the invention.

According to the invention, the melted thread should have a diameter, in particular average thread diameter, in the range of 0.03 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 0, 8 mm, more preferably 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm. The corresponding diameters can be determined in particular (by light) microscopy.

The hotmelt should also have a linear density in the range from 50 to 2500 dtex, in particular 300 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 500 dtex to 2000 dtex, preferably 1 .000 dtex to 1 .800 dtex.

The melt threads which can be used according to the invention are, in particular, a threadlike hot melt adhesive. Such melt threads can be obtained, for example, from EMS-Chemie GmbH & Co. KG, Neumünster, Germany. As especially advantageous Schmelzfädern called Grilon ^® KE and K type and the type multifilament have been found. In particular melting threads can be used type copolyesters, such as are obtainable in particular with the designation Grilon ^® KE-60th In particular, in the context of the present invention, melt threads based on copolyamide (CoPA) or copolyester (CoPES). This is for example also to melt filaments with the designation Grilon ^® Type K-85 and type K1 10. The latter melting threads can, for example, in the outer region of a seat (for example, away from the seat and / or RUE ckenfläche) are used.

The covering material according to the invention, in particular the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer, can have at least one thread or a yarn based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers. In particular, the fiber type can be natural fibers, preferably wool fibers or cotton fibers (CO), preferably wool fibers, and / or chemical fibers, preferably synthetic fibers, in particular selected from the group of polyesters (PES); Polyolefins, in particular polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP); Polyvinylchloride (CLF); Polyvinylidene chloride (CLF); Acetate (CA); Triacetate (CTA); Polyacrylic (PAN), polyamide (PA), in particular aromatic, preferably flame-resistant polyamides; Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL); polyurethanes; polyvinyl; (Meth) acrylates; Polylactic acids (PLA); and mixtures thereof, preferably polyamide (PA). The abovementioned abbreviations for the textile fibers are taken from DIN 6001 -4 (August 1991).

In particular, in this context, the thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers, a titre in the range of 50 to 10,000 dtex, in particular 100 to 5000 dtex, preferably 200 to 3.750 dtex, more preferably 300 to 900 dtex have. In particular, the proportion of the thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers, in the range of 1 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, in particular 2 wt .-% to 80 wt .-%, preferably 3 wt. % to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 10 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile, are. For further details on the concept of textile fibers - synonymously also referred to as textile fibers - can be referenced, for example, Römpp Chemielexikon, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart / New York, Volume 6, 1999, pages 4477-4479, keyword: "textile fibers", the entire The disclosure including the references cited therein is hereby incorporated by reference. In particular, in the context of the present invention, the term textile fibers is understood as a collective term for all fibers which can be processed textile. The textile fibers have a great length in comparison to their cross-section and sufficient strength and bending properties. The textile fibers can be divided into different groups according to their origin and material nature.

The covering material according to the invention is in particular gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-permeable or water-vapor-permeable.

In addition, the covering material according to the invention may be hydrophobic and / or oleophobic, in particular hydrophobic. Thus, the fabric of the invention can have water and / or dirt repellent properties. The hydrophobic and / or oleophobic finish may be obtained in a non-limiting manner by appropriate impregnations or the like. The hydrophobic and / or oleophobic equipment can be applied after production of the covering material according to the invention or after its heat shrinkage. The properties associated with the hydrophobic and / or oleophobic equipment are of particular interest for the use of the clothing material according to the invention in the care sector, in retirement homes, hospitals or the like. Furthermore, the spacer textile according to the invention may have a basis weight in the

2 2 2 2 ranges from 50 g / m to 15,000 g / m, in particular from 100 g / m to 10,000 g / m,

2 2 2 2 preferably 150 g / m to 5,000 g / m, preferably 200 g / m to 1, 000 g / m. In particular, the heat-shrinkable spacer textile according to the invention may have a thickness in the range from 1 mm to 250 mm, in particular 2 mm to 200 mm, preferably 3 mm to 150 mm, preferably 5 mm to 100 mm, particularly preferably 10 mm to 75 mm. In the context of the present invention, the thickness d or height of the spacer material is to be understood in particular to mean the extent of the spacer textile vertical to the main extension plane and thus vertical to the respective outer layers of the spacer textile.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the second textile cover layer may have at least in sections and / or regions a greater length and / or a greater width (depth) than the first textile cover layer. In particular, the second textile cover layer, relative to the main extension plane, can have a larger area than the first textile cover layer. In particular, the second cover layer can be at least partially and / or extend over the first cover layer. In particular, the second textile cover layer can form a (free) edge or piping of the spacer textile. According to this embodiment, the backsheet may overlap the topsheet so that there is a free edge formed substantially through the backsheet. The edge may be received, for example, by a corresponding frame, so that the lower layer acts as a kind of fixing layer, while the upper layer significantly acts as a seat or cushion layer. In this connection, it can equally be provided according to the invention that the end or the free edge of the lower layer is equipped with melt fibers. This leads to an improved fixation of the clothing material on a carrier or frame.

In addition, the covering material may have at least one further textile layer, in particular at least one further textile surface material. In this context, the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, may be arranged on the side of the first textile cover layer or the second textile cover layer, preferably the first textile cover layer, facing away from the spacer layer. In this case, the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, as a woven, knitted or knitted fabric, scrim or as a textile composite, in particular nonwoven, preferably as a woven fabric and / or knitted fabric, preferably as a woven fabric, be formed. In addition, the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, may be formed as a decorative textile. In particular, the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, can be laminated onto the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer.

In addition, the spacer textile, in particular the first texile cover layer and / or second textile cover layer, preferably the second textile cover layer, at least one elastic or partially elastic thread, in particular in the form of an elastic or partially elastic plastic thread, preferably elastic or partially elastic polyester thread, and / or especially in the form of elastomeric or rubber threads. In particular, the content of the elastic or partially elastic thread in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 25 wt%, in particular 1 wt .-% to 20 wt%, preferably 2 wt .-% to 15 wt%, preferably 5% by weight to 10% by weight, based on the spacer textile. According to the invention, for example, the material Colorific type Q 373 can be used for this purpose. The use of elastic or partially elastic threads leads to more improved Dehnerholungseigenschaften or to an improved resilience of the fabric material according to the invention.

In general, the covering material according to the invention in the non-shrunk state, in particular the first textile covering layer and / or the second textile covering layer, can have a fiber density in the weft direction or in the warp direction of 1 to 100 threads / cm, in particular 2 to 50 threads / cm , preferably 3 to 30 threads / cm. The fabric of the present invention may be heat shrunk as previously stated.

Accordingly, a further subject matter of the present invention, according to a second aspect of the invention, is a heat-shrunk textile covering matehal, in particular for use in seating furniture and / or as part of a seat, comprising at least one heat-shrunk spacer textile,

where the spacer textile

- A first textile cover layer (upper layer) and

- A second textile cover layer (lower layer) and

- A arranged between the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer, in particular the first textile cover layer and / or the second textile cover layer associated spacer layer

having,

wherein the heat-shrunk textile covering material, in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile, has been heat-shrunk at least in sections and / or regions,

wherein the spacer layer has at least one pile thread, preferably a plurality of pile threads (pile yarns), the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer being connected to one another via the spacer layer, in particular via the pile threads of the spacer layer, and / or being fixed to one another,

wherein the first cover layer has at least one thread (upper layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads, and the second cover layer has at least one thread (lower layer thread), preferably a plurality of threads, and wherein the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer, preferably the second cover layer, comprises at least one heat-shrunk plastic yarn and / or wherein the threads of the first cover layer and / or the threads of the second cover layer, in particular the threads of the second cover layer , at least partially formed as heat-shrunk plastic yarn or comprise a heat-shrunk plastic yarn.

In the heat-shrunk textile covering material, the first covering layer and / or the second covering layer, preferably the second covering layer, can thus be heat-shrunk.

In particular, the heat-shrunk stringing material may be made of the above-described non-shrunk or heat-shrinkable stringing material according to the invention, in which case in particular a shrinkage or heat treatment has been carried out which, with respect to the string material or spacer textile to be shrunk. in sections or over the entire surface can be performed. The heat-shrunk covering material may in this case by 1% to 70%, in particular 2% to 60%, preferably 3% to 50%, preferably 4% to 40%, particularly preferably 5% to 30%, most preferably 5% to 25%, shrunk with respect to the thickness d in the non-shrunk state. In particular, the thickness d 'of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric may be less than the thickness d of the heat-shrinkable spacer fabric, in particular as defined above, in particular wherein the thickness d' is 10% to 99%, in particular 15% to 95%, preferably 20% to 90%, preferably from 30% to 80%, particularly preferably from 40% to 70%, which corresponds to thickness d. In particular, it can also be provided in the context of the present invention that the thickness d 'of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric in the heat-shrunk sections and / or regions is less than the thickness d in the non-heat-shrunk sections of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric. In this connection, the thickness d 'may be 10% to 99.5%, in particular 20% to 99%, preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 40% to 90%, particularly preferably 50% to 85%, of the thickness d in the correspond to non-shrunk areas or sections of the spacer fabric. In particular, the heat-shrunk spacer textile may contain from 1% to 50%, in particular from 2% to 40%, preferably from 3% to 30%, preferably from 4% to 20%, particularly preferably from 5% to 15%, very particularly preferably from 5% to 10%, shrunk, based on the length and / or width in the non-shrunk state.

In particular, the spacer layer can also have at least one heat-shrunk pile thread. On this basis, moreover, a predetermined heat shrinkage can be set in the spacer layer of the covering material.

In the context of the present invention, it can be provided in particular that the heat-shrunk spacer fabric, in particular in a heat shrinkable section of the spacer textile, in the main extension plane of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric indentations or indentations or thinned (tapered) sections or Has areas. In this case, the recesses or indentations or the thickness-reduced (tapered) sections or regions can be caused by a particular section or area-wise (heat) shrinkage.

The recesses and / or indentations and / or thickness-reduced (tapered) sections and / or regions can in particular be unilaterally in the covering material A 'and / or in only one textile covering layer (2, 3), in particular in the first textile covering layer (2), be educated. In this connection, the textile covering layer, in particular the second textile covering layer, which is not provided with the recesses or indentations or with thickness-reduced (tapered) sections or regions, may have an at least substantially unchanged surface shape even after the heat shrinkage has been carried out. In this connection, the textile cover layer not equipped with the indentations or indentations or thickness-reduced (tapered) sections or regions, in particular the second textile cover layer, may have at least one particularly stabilizing filling thread, in particular filling warp thread and / or filling weft thread, preferably filling warp thread. preferably as previously defined for the heat-shrinkable spacer fabric. The particular stabilizing filling thread leads to a stabilization or additional "tightening" of the textile covering layer equipped therewith, so that as a result of the heat shrinkage with the attendant reduction in thickness, this does not, so to speak is dented and in particular maintains its flat surface shape. As stated above for the non-shrunk string material, the stabilizing filler yarn can have a larger of the (fiber) diameter, especially mean thread diameter, and / or a greater tension, in particular warp and / or weft tension, preferably warp tension, than the remaining threads or yarns of the stringing material.

In particular, the heat-shrunk spacer textile can have a geometry deviating from a planar design, such as bends, curves or the like.

As regards, moreover, the heat-shrunk plastic yarn, in particular the heat-shrunk plastic yarn in the first and / or second cover layer, the heat-shrunk plastic yarn may have a diameter in the range of 0.05 mm to 3.5 mm, in particular 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm. In addition, the diameter of the heat-shrunk plastic yarn by a factor of 1.05 to 3, in particular by a factor of 1, 1 to 2.5, preferably by a factor of 1, 3 to 2.2, preferably by a factor of 1, 5 to 2, increased, based on the diameter of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the non-shrunk state. In addition, the heat-shrunk plastic yarn may be elastic.

As regards the optionally present heat-shrunk pile yarn in the heat-shrunk spacer fabric, it may have a diameter in the range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, especially 0.15 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 2.5 mm, preferably 0 , 3 mm to 2 mm, more preferably 0.4 mm to 1 mm. In particular, the diameter of the heat-shrunk pile thread can be reduced by a factor of 1.05 to 3, in particular by a factor of 1.1 to 2.5, preferably by a factor of 1.3 to 2.2, preferably by a factor of 1.5 to 2. increased or increased, based on the diameter of the heat-shrinkable pile yarn in the non-shrunk state. In addition, the heat-shrunk pile thread may be elastic, resulting in corresponding material properties. Due to the increase in the fiber diameter, the shrunk material additionally receives improved compression properties or greater compressive elasticity. Furthermore, the heat-shrunk spacer textile may have at least one preferably glued or preferably adhered with other threads of melted filament. As far as the heat-shrunk covering material according to the invention is concerned, it can be provided according to the invention that the heat-shrunk plastic yarn and / or the pile threads, in particular the heat-shrunk pile threads, are at least partially fixed and / or adhered to at least one fusion thread. In particular, the remaining threads of the heat-shrunk spacer textile, in particular the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer, can be fixed and / or adhered to at least one fusion thread.

In addition, it may be provided that the remaining threads or the threads or yarns of the heat-shrunk spacer textile, in particular the first textile covering layer or the second textile covering layer, which are different from the heat-shrunk plastic yarn and / or the pile threads, are fixed to the melting threads or are adhered to. This results in a particularly stable fiber composite in the heat-shrunk spacer fabric, which also means that the shrunken areas persist in the stringing material permanently.

In this connection, the heat-shrunk spacer textile or covering material also has a high sliding resistance, in particular seam-sliding resistance. In particular, the heat-shrunk spacer has in each case, based on the warp direction or weft direction and according to DIN 53868, at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, preferably at least 200 N, particularly preferably at least 300 N. In particular, the heat-shrunk spacer textile can have a tensile strength, in particular in each case based on the warp direction and / or weft direction and according to EN ISO 13934-1, of at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, preferably at least 800 N. In addition, the heat-shrunk spacer textile may have a tear propagation resistance, in particular with respect to the weft direction and according to EN ISO 13937-3, of at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, preferably at least 80 N. As far as the (heat) shrinkage of the heat-shrunk clothing fabric according to the invention is concerned, it can vary widely and be individually adjusted by selecting the materials used and the parameters of the shrinkage process. In general, however, it is provided that the heat-shrunk spacer textile according to the invention by 1% to 50%, in particular 2% to 40%, preferably 3% to 30%, preferably 4% to 20%, particularly preferably 5% to 15%, very particularly preferably 5% to 10%, based on the length and / or width in the non-shrunk state - that is, based on the non-shrunk textile covering material according to the invention - shrunk.

Due to the individual adjustment of the (heat) shrinkage, a large number of differently designed textile surface materials according to the invention can be realized, whose product properties are optimized or tailored for the respective application field or area of application. So z. B. a high shrinkage can be adjusted when the textile sheet material according to the invention is to be covered on a carrier with a strong shape.

As regards the covering material according to the invention with heat-shrinking properties or the heat-shrunk covering material according to the invention, an idea according to the invention consists in that in addition to an optionally provided use of a shrinking thread in at least one textile cover layer (in particular in warp or weft in the formation of the Cover layers as a fabric), where appropriate, at least one pile thread can be formed as a shrinkage thread. As stated above, the shrinkage can consist of monofilament, multifilament or memory wire and of different materials, such as polyester, nylon or steel wire alloys, exist or be formed on this basis. In this context, the shrinkage thread can be colorless or in different colors, for example, to additionally produce on the surface a so-called Jaquard pattern or the like. For example, various optical motifs can be realized in the surface. Especially when using so-called memory wires for the shrinking process, it can be controlled by heating by a current flow, whereby the shrinking process can be compensated or canceled again after the current flow has ended or after cooling. According to the invention, it is also possible, as stated above, to incorporate or process shrink filaments having different shrinkage characteristics distributed over the surface of the covering material so that different geometries or shapes are also realized on this basis due to the different shrinkage effect upon heating can.

In this way, even complex and waste-intensive blanks can be avoided, since an individually adapted spacer fabric can be provided on the basis of a differentiated shrinkage. In this context, it is also possible through the specific use and coordination of special bonds and materials that, especially in the spacer layer, the shrinkage does not occur symmetrically. For example, it may be provided that only a one-sided shrinkage in the region of a cover layer occurs, so that on this basis, bends and bends in relation to the spacer textile can be introduced in total.

As stated above, in particular the use of enamel threads, which may be provided according to the invention, prevents the heat shrinkage in the covering material according to the invention from being compensated again. In this context, in the context of the present invention, the shrinking threads used, which are used, for example, on the basis of shrink-on monofilaments, have been achieved in a completely surprising manner, although due to their smooth surface structure, they sometimes have insufficient slip resistance undesirable compensation of shrinkage by slipping or shifting the fibers is counteracted in the spacer fabric. In addition, the melt threads also serve to solidify the spacer textile, in particular in its edge regions, which allows easy fixation on carriers or frames or the like. As far as the heat-shrunk clothing text of the invention is concerned, it may be complete or incomplete. In other words, the heat-shrunk stringing material may be formed such that the heat-shrunk plastic yarn is completely or incompletely shrunk. In particular, the (heat) shrinkage of the heat-shrunk plastic yarn can be 10% to 100%, especially 20% to 99.5%, preferably 30% to 99%, preferably 40% to 98%, more preferably 45% to 95%, especially preferably 50% to 90% of the maximum (heat) shrinkage (final shrinkage) of the heat-shrunk or heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, based on the heat-shrunk or heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. In the case of incomplete (heat) shrinkage, at least one renewed or subsequent (heat) shrinkage can thus be carried out with respect to the heat-shrunk clothing fabric.

A further subject of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention - is also the use of the fabric of the invention comprising a spacer fabric with heat shrink properties as defined above for the production of a heat-shrunk fabric according to the invention, as previously defined.

For this purpose, to obtain the heat-shrunk stringing material according to the invention, the heat-shrinkable stringing material according to the invention can be heat-shrunk by heat treatment.

A further subject of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention - is also the method according to the invention for producing a heat-shrunk covering material as defined above, in which connection a heat-shrinkable covering material, as defined above, is shrunk by means of heat treatment. In this regard, reference may be made to the above statements. As far as the production of the covering material according to the invention with heat-shrinking properties as such is concerned, it is well-known to the person skilled in the art, so that no further explanations are required in this regard. The heat treatment or shrinkage treatment in this regard is selected with regard to the shrinkage conditions with respect to the temperature and time duration in particular such that the desired shrinkage of the spacer textile is obtained. The skilled person is always in a position to select the appropriate shrinkage conditions, for example, the shrinkage temperature and the shrinkage time, depending on the desired shrinkage and the material to be shrunk.

In particular, the covering material according to the invention, which is present for example in the form of a spacer knit, can be produced on a double raschel machine. As far as the production of the heat-shrunk spacer textile is concerned, it may be provided in the context of the present invention, for example, that the covering material according to the invention having heat-shrinkable properties at least in sections or areas, preferably at least substantially over the entire area, is initially heated to a temperature above that Softening or melting point of the optionally present melt thread and below the heat shrink temperature of the heat-shrinkable pile threads or the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and then at least partially or partially, preferably at least substantially over the entire surface, heated to a temperature above the heat shrink temperature of the heat-shrinkable threads or yarns becomes. In this regard, a cooling of the thus obtained, at least partially or partially heat-shrunk spacer fabric may follow. As a result, a dimensionally stable, heat-shrunk spacer fabric with a corresponding three-dimensional shape or geometry results on this basis.

Furthermore, the present invention - according to a fifth aspect of the present invention - relates to the use of the fabric according to the invention comprising a spacer fabric having heat shrink properties as defined above or a heat-shrunk fabric, as equally defined above, in the furniture industry, automotive industry and the like , For example, the covering material according to the invention is suitable for the production or use as coverings of support structures or frames or the like, in particular for the field of seating furniture.

In this context, the present invention also relates to the use of the stringing material, which has a spacer fabric with heat shrinkage properties, as defined above, or of the heat-shrunk stringing material, as defined above, for the production of furniture elements, in particular seat furniture or seat furniture elements, preferably backrests or Seating elements, and the like.

In the context of the present invention, the term "seating furniture" is to be understood very broadly. For example, the term "seating furniture" refers to seating or seating elements of all kinds, such as, for example and without limitation, chairs, deckchairs, loungers, armchairs, sofas, Benches, Couchgarnituren, stools and the like. In particular, the seating can be such that it is the inventive Heat-shrinkable fabric or heat-shrunk fabric of the invention.

Another object of the present invention - according to a sixth aspect of the present invention - is also the method for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seat elements, and the like, wherein the inventive covering material, which has a spacer fabric with heat shrink properties, as before is defined, applied to or attached to a carrier, frame or the like, and subsequently the heat-shrinkable spacer fabric according to the invention is heat-shrunk at least in portions or regions, so that depressions or dimpled (tapered) Sections or areas having covering the wearer and / or an at least substantially wrinkle-free or preferably under residual stress, in particular reversibly stretchable covering the wearer with the heat-shrunk clothing material 1 results according to the invention as defined above.

In this case, according to the invention, it is possible in particular to proceed in such a way that the heat shrinkage is not performed completely (that is, not to the maximum heat shrinkage (end shrinkage) of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn). In this way it is possible to carry out a subsequent shrinking treatment, for example to counteract a decrease in the (material) tension caused by aging processes or by stress on the material. In this case, the renewed shrinkage treatment should be carried out at higher shrinkage temperatures than the first or the preceding shrinkage treatment (s). In this way, the clothing material according to the invention can be regenerated, so to speak, which also increases the longevity of furniture produced therewith. The shrinkage treatment can generally be carried out by means of hot air, infrared treatment or the like.

Finally, according to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the present invention relates to furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and the like, which comprise at least one fabric covered with a heat shrinkable spacer fabric as defined above or at least a heat-shrunk covering material according to the invention as defined above. The heat-shrinkable clothing material according to the invention can also be used for the production of decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories, soundproofing elements and components for lightweight textile construction. For this purpose, the material according to the invention can be clamped in a frame or the like or connected or cast with a carrier material, such as a plastic composite.

Accordingly, the present invention also relates to decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories, soundproofing elements and lightweight structural components comprising at least one stringing material with a spacing fabric having heat shrink properties as defined above, or at least one heat shrunk stringing material of the invention as defined above. Overall, in the context of the present invention, a covering material with heat-shrinkable properties is provided which, when used in particular in seating furniture, ensures a significantly higher level of sitting comfort compared to two-dimensionally formed textile surface materials and can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and processed without costly finishing or cutting work. In addition, the aesthetic impression is improved.

Further advantageous properties, aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments shown in the figures. It shows:

1 A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a textile covering material according to the invention according to an embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 1 B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the invention

Covering material according to another embodiment of the invention;

2A is a schematic representation of the fabric of the invention in cross-section with the underlying yarn or Fadenverlauf, after which the lower cover layer also has shrink-wrap threads based on a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn; a further schematic representation of the fabric of the invention in cross-section with the related Fadenbzw. Yarn course, wherein the first and second cover layer Schrumpfkettfäden and also arranged as a weft thread melting threads;

a schematic cross-sectional view of the fabric material according to the invention according to a further embodiment of the invention, according to which the edge region of the second textile cover layer is equipped with melt threads and wherein moreover the first textile cover layer and the second textile cover layer with weft threads and the second textile cover layer also with warp threads based on a heat shrinkable plastic yarn are equipped; a further embodiment according to the invention of the fabric according to the invention, wherein the pile yarn is arranged with a defined cross-over angle in the spacer layer; a further embodiment of the invention, the stringing material, after which the pile thread is arranged to extend over a plurality of weft threads of the second textile cover layer;

a further embodiment according to the invention of the clothing material according to the invention with mutually different pile threads, each with a special arrangement in the covering material;

a further embodiment of the invention according to the invention, according to which the first cover layer and the second cover layer, in addition to melt threads, additionally comprises additional or stabilizing filling threads;

a schematic cross-sectional view of a heat-shrunk string material according to the invention with a section-wise (heat) shrinkage;

a further schematic cross-sectional view of a heat-shrunk stringing material according to the invention according to another embodiment of the invention, according to which the heat-shrunk stringing material has mutually different pile threads with different heat shrinkage properties; 8 is a schematic representation of a piece of furniture according to the invention or

Furniture element in the form of a seat, which comprises the heat-shrunk cover material according to the invention. FIG. 1A shows an embodiment according to the invention of the covering material A according to the invention, which has a heat-shrinkable spacer textile 1. The heat-shrinkable spacer textile 1 has a first textile cover layer 2, a second textile cover layer 3 and a spacer layer 4. The spacer textile 1 also has pile threads 5 which connect the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3 to one another.

FIG. 1 B also shows that the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3 of the covering material A according to the invention are each additionally provided with a melting thread 6, 6 '.

In Fig. 1 A and 1 B, the textile cover layers 2, 3 are shown simplified for reasons of clarity. In particular, it can be provided according to the invention that the illustrated pile threads 5 are deflected about the corresponding threads of the textile cover layers 2, 3, in particular weft threads, as illustrated in the following figures.

2A shows by way of example the thread or yarn arrangement with the course of the threads or yarns in the covering material A according to the invention. The covering material A according to this embodiment likewise has a textile spacing material 1 with a first textile covering layer 2 and a second textile covering layer 3 as well an interposed spacer layer 4. FIG. 2A shows the course of the binding warp threads 7 or 7 'as well as the weft threads 8 and 8' in the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3, respectively. FIG. 2A also shows the arrangement of the pile threads 5 and of the heat-shrinkable yarn in FIG the second textile cover layer 3 in the form of weft threads (hatched representation) and in the form of binding warp threads (broken line representation). According to this embodiment, the covering material also has a melting thread 6 in the first textile covering layer 2 and a melting thread 6 'in the second textile covering layer 3. FIG. 2A additionally shows the alternating course of the pile thread 5 between the respective textile cover layers 2, 3. FIG. 2B shows a further schematic arrangement of the threads or yarns on which the fabric material A according to the invention is based in the heat-shrinkable spacer textile 1 with the first textile cover layer 2 and the second textile cover layer 3 and the spacer layer 4 with the pile threads 5. The first In this case textile cover layer has binding warp threads 7 and weft threads 8 and melt threads 6 arranged as a weft thread. The second textile cover layer 3 likewise has binding warp threads T and weft threads 8 'and melt threads 6' arranged as wefts. 2B also shows the arrangement of the heat-shrunk yarn in the second textile covering layer 3 in the form of weft threads (hatched illustration) and in the form of binding warp threads (interrupted line illustration).

2C further shows an embodiment according to the invention, according to which the second textile covering layer 3 overlaps the first textile covering layer 2 at the edge and forms an edge or piping of the covering material A. The weft threads in the edge region of the second textile sheet material 3 are formed in the form of melt threads 6 '. The weft threads 8 'arranged in the central region of the second textile cover layer 3 are in the form of a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn (hatched representation). The second textile cover layer 3 also has heat-shrinkable warp threads (interrupted line illustration). In order to stabilize the material, a part of the binding warp threads 7 extends from the edge region of the second textile covering layer 3 to the first textile covering layer 2. What also concerns the pile thread 5 extends in the edge region of the second textile covering layer 3 between the respective weft threads. In the central region of the clothing material according to the invention, the pile thread 5 runs alternately between the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3 in order to form the spacer layer 4.

FIG. 3 furthermore shows an embodiment according to the invention, according to which the inventive covering material A or the relevant spacer textile 1 is formed with a pile thread 5, which is partially covered by a laying thread. Crossing angle <90 ° through the spacer layer 4 extends. In addition, the pile thread 5 runs alternately in sections in parallel through the spacer layer 4 for the continuing connection of the first textile covering layer 2 with the second textile covering layer 3 with the respective threads 7, 8 or 7 ', 8'. In addition, the cover layers 2, 3 each have a melting thread 6 or 6 '. FIG. 3 also shows the arrangement of the heat-shrinkable yarn in the second textile cover layer 3 in the form of weft threads (hatched representation) and in the form of binding warp threads (broken line representation).

4 shows a further embodiment according to the invention, according to which the pile thread 5 of the spacer fabric 1 is arranged to extend over a plurality of weft threads 8 'of the second textile covering layer 3 with respect to the covering material A according to the invention. Sectionwise, the pile thread 5 also extends alternately or in opposite directions parallel to purposes of connecting the first textile cover layer 2 with the second textile cover layer 3 via the spacer layer 4. In addition, the arrangement of the warp threads 7 and 7 'and the weft threads 8 and 8' in the first textile covering layer 2 or the second textile covering layer 3, as well as the arrangement of the heat-shrinkable yarn (cf., remarks on FIG.

5 shows a further embodiment of the clothing material A according to the invention with the relevant spacer textile 1, according to which the covering material A comprises two mutually different pile threads 5 or 5 ', which may, for example, have different heat shrinkage properties. The figure shows the arrangement of the pile threads 5 and 5 'in the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3, according to which the respective pile threads 5 and 5' each span a plurality of weft threads 8 'of the second textile covering layer 3. In addition, Fig. 5 shows the arrangement of the respective threads 7, 7 'and 8, 8' in the first textile cover layer 2 and the second textile cover layer 3 and the course of the pile threads 5, 5 'in the spacer layer 4. The spacer fabric 1 has In addition, with respect to the respective textile cover layers 2, 3 a melt thread 6 or 6 'on. For the arrangement of the heat-shrinkable yarn, reference may be made to Fig. 2B.

6 shows yet another embodiment of the fabric material A according to the invention with the relevant spacer textile 1, according to which a filler warp thread 9 or 9 'is additionally introduced in the first textile cover layer 2 and the second textile cover layer 3. Furthermore, the respective cover layers 2, 3 have a melting thread 6, 6 '. In addition, the arrangement of the warp threads 7 and T and the weft threads 8 and 8 'in the respective cover layers 2, 3 is given. The spacer textile 1 also has a pile thread 5, which connects the cover layers 2, 3 via the spacer layer 4. For the arrangement of the heat-shrinkable yarn, reference may be made to Fig. 2B. FIG. 7A shows a heat-shrunk covering material A 'according to the invention with a correspondingly heat-shrunk spacer textile 1'. The covering material A 'has a heat-shrinkable or at least partially heat-shrunk pile thread 5. 7A also shows the section-wise heat shrinkage of the covering material A 'with the relevant thickness d', which is reduced in relation to the original thickness d.

FIG. 7B shows a further heat-shrinkable covering material A 'according to the invention which has three mutually different pile threads 5, 5' and 5 "in the heat-shrunk textile spacing material V in the relevant spacer layer 4 for joining the first textile covering layer 2 to the second textile covering layer 3 The pile threads 5, 5 'and 5 "have heat shrinkage properties different from each other, pile thread 5 having a high heat shrinkage, pile thread 5' having a middle heat shrinkage, and pile thread 5" having substantially no heat shrinkage while pile yarn 5 'is positioned at the edge of pile yarn 5. Non-heat shrinkable pile yarn 5 "forms the outer region of spacer fabric 1'. After heat treatment results in a correspondingly differentiated heat shrink with the highest heat shrink in the range of pile thread 5 (high shrinkage range). The transition region to the unshrunk pile yarn 5 "is formed by the middle heat shrinkage pile yarn 5 '(area of the middle shrinkage area) .For the central area of the heat-shrunk spacer fabric Y, a corresponding reduction of the thickness d to the thickness d' results 7B, that the second textile cover layer 3 is additionally provided with a Füllkettfaden 9 ', which leads in particular to a so-called one-sided shrinkage only with respect to the first textile cover layer 2, since the second textile cover layer 3 through the Füllkettfaden. 9 Finally, Fig. 8 shows a piece of furniture in the form of a seat 10 equipped with the heat-shrunk cover material A 'according to the invention or the underlying heat-shrunk spacer Y. The corresponding detail enlargement shows a section of the heat-shrunk cover material A'. with the first textile covering layer 2 and the second textile covering layer 3 in this regard and the pile threads 5, 5 'and 5 "present in the spacing layer 4. As already explained with reference to FIG. 7B, the pile thread 5 has a high heat shrinkage, while pile thread 5 'has a medium heat shrinkage. Pile yarn 5 "has at least substantially no heat shrinkage on. This results in a corresponding surface geometry or shaping of the heat-shrunk covering material A ', in particular for the purpose of providing an ergonomically adapted seating area.

Embodiment:

According to the invention, provision may be made, for example, for the provision of the covering material according to the invention in such a way that the method of weaving or the knitting method is used. In the weaving process, in particular, the procedure is such that the weft is introduced into the covering material at least substantially over the entire width and in particular in one operation. In contrast to the weaving method, the method of operation can be used in such a way that the shot is not completely but only partially entered. The respective outer layers, in particular the lower layer, have heat-shrinkable threads, for example in the form of warp and / or weft.

In particular, it is possible to produce a three-dimensional spacer fabric for the provision of the inventive covering material, which has an upper fabric with binding warp threads and inserted wefts around which pile threads or pile chains are set. The material may also include a bottom fabric with binding chains and corresponding wefts about which the pile threads can mutually bond. The pile threads or pile chains are stretched between the two fabrics. The pole chains can consist of elastic monofilaments, for example. For this purpose, diameters can be used, for example, in the range of 0.17 mm to 0.4 mm.

The spacer fabric or 3D fabric provided in this way can have, for example, a thickness of 10 mm in the non-shrunk state. In the spacer layer or the middle region of the spacer material with shrinkage properties, the pile threads or poly chains are kept at a distance, in particular in order to provide compressive elasticity under force ("sitting down" or "leaning"). In this case, the covering material according to the invention can be constructed, for example, such that in the edge or outer areas the pile chains are guided between the wefts of the lower fabric and are tied off by the related warp systems together with the wefts. The outer or edge regions of the lower fabric can serve, as it were, to provide a piece of fabric in one operation, which can be clamped directly into a frame or welt frame without additional operations (eg sewing on an additional welt strip). In this context, the shots present in the edge regions of the lower fabric can be formed, for example, at least partially as melt threads, which leads to a hardening of the edge region at higher temperatures. In particular, it may be provided that the melting threads tend to melt at lower temperatures compared to the heat shrinkage temperature of the heat-shrinkable plastic threads and thus in comparison to the shrinkage of the shrink threads used, which leads to optimum consolidation of the underlying material. In particular, in this context, for the fusible threads threads of type Grilon ^® copolyester KE-60 are used which have a melting or Expansion temperature of about 60 ° C while a shrinkage yarn can be used which shrinks, for example, at about 100 ° C. Similarly, the use of Schmezfäden designated with the name Grilon ^® type K-85 and type K1 10 comes into consideration.

For example, the shrink threads may be woven exclusively into the lower fabric, in particular as a weft and / or tie, depending on whether the fabric is to shrink in one or both of the weaving instructions. In particular, the warp threads and / or weft threads of the upper fabric as well as the pile chains can likewise be colored in order to improve or individually adapt the optical properties of the material.

In addition to the embodiment according to which only a single layer of the spacer textile has the shrink threads, the further cover layer or even the pile threads in the form of a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, for example in the form of a shrink monofilament, can in particular be partially formed. In particular, in the case of ergonomically designed seating surfaces, it is possible to proceed in such a way to equip a backrest to be produced with the inventive covering material with a lumbar pad. On the basis of the material according to the invention, such a lumbar pad can be formed directly on the basis of an underlying shrinking process. In this context, the pile threads can be formed, for example, in the outer regions of the material as a conventional elastic monofilament substantially without shrinkage shadow, while the pile threads present in the inner or central areas can be formed for example as Hochschrumpfmonofil. For the transition region also pile threads of monofilament threads with average shrinkage properties can be used. In particular, it can be provided that the lower layer or the lower fabric also has a particularly tight filling chain, so that the shrinkage does not occur symmetrically, but on one side and only with regard to the upper layer. The use of melted filaments particularly used in particular sections or regions can further cause a hardening and an increase in the sliding attachment of the shrunk material, so that an undesirable compensation of the shrinkage process can be avoided, which can result due to the smooth surface texture of the heat-shrinkable threads. For example, the melt threads can be incorporated as a warp or weft.

In this way, in the context of the shrinking process, in which a thickness reduction may be, for example, up to 20% of the initial thickness, the previously mentioned lumbar pad can be incorporated into the material. In particular, the thickness of the pile threads can be increased by the shrinking process, since in addition to the shortening at the same time a thickening of the threads can be present in the context of shrinkage. This leads to an increase in pressure elasticity, which improves the seating comfort equally. Due to the shrinkage in the surface, a wrinkle-free clamping of the material on the carrier or clamping frame can also take place.

In particular, the various types of Polschrumpffäden can rietweise introduced or retracted into the spacer fabric or in the underlying double fabric.

In this way, an inventive covering material with the properties and advantages described above is obtained.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

A textile covering material

A 'heat shrunk stringing material

1 spacer fabric with heat shrink properties

Y heat-shrunk spacer fabric

2 first textile cover layer (upper layer)

3 second textile cover layer (lower layer)

4 spacer layer

5, 5 ', 5 "pile thread

6 melted thread of the first textile cover layer

6 'melted thread of the second textile cover layer

7 thread of the first textile cover layer (upper layer thread), in particular warp thread

7 'thread of the second textile cover layer (lower layer thread), in particular warp thread

8 thread of the first textile cover layer (upper layer thread), in particular weft thread

8 'thread of the second textile cover layer (lower layer thread), in particular weft thread

9 Füllkettfaden the first textile cover layer

9 'Füllkettfaden the second textile cover layer

10 seats

Claims

Textile clothing material (A), in particular for use in seating furniture, comprising at least one spacer textile (1) with heat-shrinkable properties,

wherein the spacer textile (1)

- A first textile cover layer (upper layer) (2) and

- A second textile cover layer (lower layer) (3) and

a spacer layer (4) which is arranged between the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3), in particular the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile covering layer (3),

wherein the spacer layer (4) has at least one pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), preferably a plurality of pile threads (pile yarns), wherein the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3) extend over the spacer layer (FIG. 4), in particular via the pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 ") of the spacer layer (4), are connected to each other and / or fixed to each other, wherein the first cover layer (2) at least one thread (upper layer thread) (7, 8) , preferably a plurality of threads (7, 8), and the second cover layer (3) at least one thread (lower layer thread) (7 ', 8'), preferably a plurality of threads (7 ', 8'), and

wherein the first cover layer (2) and / or the second cover layer (3), preferably the second cover layer (3), is / are heat-shrinkable, wherein the first cover layer (2) and / or the second cover layer (3), preferably the second cover layer (3), at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has / and / and wherein the threads (7, 8) of the first cover layer (2) and / or the threads (7 ', 8') of the second cover layer (3) , in particular the threads (7 ', 8') of the second cover layer (3), at least partially formed as a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn or comprise a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn.

2. Fabric according to claim 1, wherein the first textile cover layer

(2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), independently of one another, as a woven, knitted or knitted fabric, scrim or as a textile composite, in particular nonwoven fabric, preferably as a woven and / or knitted fabric, preferably as a woven fabric.

3. Covering material according to claim 1 or 2,

wherein the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer

(3), independently of each other, as a fabric having a plurality of warp threads, preferably binder warp threads (7, 7 ') and / or Füllkettfäden (9, 9'), on the one hand and a plurality of weft threads (8, 8 ') on the other hand are formed and /or

wherein the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), independently of one another, are knitted, in particular warp knit, with a plurality of wales on the one hand and a plurality of courses on the other hand, in particular wherein the knit fabric is a stitched pattern of the type fringe, jersey, cloth, satin, velvet and / or their modifications and / or combinations thereof.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer fabric (1) comprises a plurality of heat-shrinkable plastic yarns.

5. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn at least partially, preferably completely, in the first textile cover layer (2) and / or in the second textile cover layer (3), preferably in the second textile cover layer (3), is arranged to extend and / or

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is disposed at least in sections substantially parallel to the main extension plane of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) and / or

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used as a warp thread (shrinking warp thread) and / or as a weft thread (shrink weft thread) and / or as a filling thread (shrinkage thread), in particular Füllkettfaden and / or Füllschuss- thread, and / or as a stitch-forming thread (stitch-forming shrinkage thread) is formed and / or arranged and / or

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed and / or arranged as a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats, handles, weft, filament and partial weft.

Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile covering layer (3), in particular the second textile covering layer (3), is in the form of a fabric, in particular wherein in the weft direction of the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), in particular the second textile cover layer (3), every second to tenth weft thread is a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and / or wherein in the warp direction of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), in particular the second textile cover layer (3), every second to tenth warp thread is a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn.

Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn formed in particular as a weft thread and / or as a warp yarn to the adjacent thread by 0.1 to 3 times, in particular by 0.2 times to 2 times, preferably by 0.3 times to 1 5 times, preferably 0.5 times to Ifache, the mean thread diameter of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, relative to the non-shrunk state.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportion of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is in the range of 0.5% to 50%, more preferably 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 30 wt .-%, preferably 3 wt .-% to 25 wt .-%, particularly preferably 4 wt .-% to 20 wt .-%, most preferably 5 wt .-% to 10 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile (1), lies.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first cover layer (2) and / or the second cover layer (3) comprise / are different from each other heat shrinkable plastic yarns, in particular wherein the respective heat shrinkable plastic yarns in differ at least one parameter, in particular wherein the parameter is selected from the group of physical and chemical parameters, preferably physical and / or chemical nature, heat shrinkage behavior and / or shrinkage force.

10. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed as a monofilament or as a multifilament and / or

wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed as a staple fiber yarn, in particular wherein the heat-shrinkable staple fiber yarn comprises a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and optionally at least one other non-heat-shrinkable yarn, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed as a memory wire and / or memory yarn.

1 1. A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn comprises or consists of a phthalate-based polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.

The fabric of claim 1, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the non-shrunk state has a diameter, in particular mean thread diameter, in the range of 0.03 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm, preferably 0.075 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.08 mm to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm.

The fabric of claim 1, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has a linear density in the range from 50 to 3000 dtex, in particular 100 dtex to 2500 dtex, preferably 500 dtex to 2250 dtex, preferably 1 to 2000 dtex.

The fabric of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat shrinkable plastic yarn has a tenacity of from 10 to 120 cN / tex, especially 20 to 100 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 60 cN / tex, at one temperature from 10 to 100 ° C, in particular 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, having.

The fabric of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat shrinkable plastic yarn has an elongation at break in the range of 2% to 50%, especially 5% to 40%, preferably 10% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20%, at a temperature of 10 % to 100 ° C, in particular 10% to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, having.

16. The clothing material according to claim 1, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has a heat shrinkage in the range of 5% to 50%, in particular 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 30%, preferably 20% to 25%, based on the length in the non-shrunk state and at a temperature in the range of 80 to 240 ° C, especially 100 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, having.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat shrinkable plastic yarn has a heat shrinkage in the range of 1% to 30%, especially 2% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, preferably 5% to 10%, based on the length of non-shrunk state and at a temperature in the range of 70 to 150 ° C, especially 80 to 120 ° C, preferably about 100 ° C, having.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat shrinkable plastic yarn has a shrinking force in the range of 100 cN to 1, 000 cN, especially 200 cN to 900 cN, preferably 300 cN to 800 cN, preferably 400 cN to 600 cN, at one temperature in the range of 140 to 240 ° C, in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn has a shrinking force in the range of 0.5 cN / tex to 10 cN / tex, in particular 1 cN / tex to 5 cN / tex, preferably 1, 5 cN / tex to 4 cN / tex, preferably 2 cN / tex to 3.5 cN / tex, at a temperature in the range of 100 to 240 ° C, in particular 140 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C having.

19. Fabric according to claim 1, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is transparent or opaque, preferably opaque, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is colored, in particular color-transparent or color-opaque.

20. Fabric according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn at least one thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fiber, in particular as defined in claim 59, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is formed elastically.

21. A covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer layer (4) is heat-shrinkable and / or wherein the spacer layer (4) comprises at least one heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') and / or wherein the pile threads (5, 5') are at least partially are formed as heat-shrinkable plastic yarn.

22. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular in sections in the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) in the form of a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats, handles, weft, filament and part-shot.

wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3) alternately passes through and / or

wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), is guided alternately through the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3) preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile covering layer (3) at least substantially arcuate, in particular wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular on the outside around the respective warp threads (7, 7 ') and / or weft threads (8, 8'), preferably weft threads (8, 8 '), the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is guided and / or

in particular wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular on the outside around the respective wales and / or courses, in particular around the wales and / or courses forming threads ( Yarns), the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile covering layer (3).

25. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular in sections in the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is arranged to extend and / or, in particular sections, substantially parallel to the main extension plane of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is arranged to extend.

26. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular in sections in the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) in the form of a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats (float), handle, weft, filament and part-shot, is arranged.

27. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in particular sections over a plurality of chains and / or shots, in particular shots, the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is arranged, in particular wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), over at least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five or more chains and / or shots is arranged extending.

28. clothing material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile yarn (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5'), in particular sections over a plurality of courses and / or wales of the first textile cover layer ( 2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is arranged to extend, in particular wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), over at least two, in particular at least three, preferably at least four, preferably at least five or more rows of stitches and / or wales is arranged to extend.

29. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

the spacer layer (4) having a plurality of pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular heat-shrinkable pile threads, in particular the pile threads (5, 5', 5"), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5 '), are arranged in the spacer layer (4) at least substantially parallel to one another,

and / or wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), in the spacer layer (4) at least substantially perpendicular to the main extension plane of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or second textile cover layer (3) is arranged to extend.

A fabric according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile yarn (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5'), in the spacer layer (4) at an angle (laying and / or crossing angle) to the first textile cover layer (2) and / or to the second textile cover layer (3) in the range of 10 ° to 90 °, in particular 20 ° to 90 °, preferably 40 ° to 90 °, preferably 45 ° to 90 °, especially preferably 60 ° to 90 °, most preferably 75 ° to 90 °, is arranged to extend.

31. A covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), is arranged in the spacer layer (4) such that successive sections of the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 ") in the spacer layer (4) to each other in opposite directions, in particular in opposite directions parallel, are arranged. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1) at least substantially completely and / or fully equipped with the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), or wherein the Spacer fabric (1) partially and / or in sections with the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5') equipped.

Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least 1%, in particular at least 5%, preferably at least 20%, preferably at least 50% of the surface of the spacer textile (1), with respect to the main extension plane of the spacer fabric (1), with the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), and / or wherein 1% to 100%, in particular 5% to 99%, preferably 20% to 95%, preferably 50% to 90% , the surface of the spacer textile (1), with respect to the main extension plane of the spacer textile (1), is equipped with the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5').

Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5'), in a plurality of areas and / or sections of the spacer fabric (1), in particular in at least two , preferably at least three, preferably at least four regions and / or sections of the spacer textile (1) are arranged, in particular wherein the individual regions and / or sections are spaced from each other and / or not adjacent to each other.

A covering material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the portions and / or portions of the spacer fabric (1) not equipped with the heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5 ') are provided with at least substantially non-heat-shrinkable pile threads (5 ").

A covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1) comprises mutually different pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5') which differ from each other, in particular wherein the respective pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5'), differ from one another in at least one parameter, in particular wherein the parameter is selected from the group of physical and chemical parameters, preferably of physical and / or chemical nature, heat shrinkage behavior and / or shrinkage force.

37. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the proportion of the pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular of the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5'), 0.5 wt .-% to 95 wt .-%, in particular 1 wt .-% to 90 wt. -%, preferably 3 wt .-% to 80 wt .-%, preferably 5 wt .-% to 70 wt .-%, particularly preferably 8 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, most preferably 10 wt. % to 50 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile (1), and / or

wherein the proportion of the heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5 ') 1 wt .-% to 100 wt .-%, in particular 5 wt .-% to 99 wt .-%, preferably 10 wt .-% to 95 wt .-%, preferably 15 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, particularly preferably 20 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, most preferably 30 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, based on the totality of the pile threads (5 , 5 ', 5 ").

38. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') is formed as a monofilament or as a multifilament and / or

wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') is formed as a staple fiber yarn, in particular wherein the heat-shrinkable staple fiber yarn comprises a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and optionally at least one other non-heat-shrinkable yarn (yarn), and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5') Memory wire and / or memory yarn is formed.

39. A clothing material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') comprises or consists of a phthalate-based polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, poly (ethylene terephthalate), preferably polyethylene terephthalate.

40. The covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') in the non-shrunk state has a diameter in the range of 0.05 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0, 1 mm to 1, 5 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0.25 mm to 0.5 mm.

41. A covering material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') has a linear density in the range from 100 dtex to 3,000 dtex, in particular 500 dtex to 2,500 dtex, preferably 1,000 dtex to 2,250 dtex, preferably 1,500 dtex to 2,000 dtex.

42. covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') a tenacity of 10 to 120 cN / tex, in particular 20 to 100 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 60 cN / tex, at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, in particular 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C having.

43. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') has an elongation at break in the range of 2% to 50%, in particular 5% to 40%, preferably 10% to 30%, preferably 10% to 20%. , at a temperature of 10% to 100 ° C, in particular 10% to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, having.

44. A clothing material according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') has a heat shrinkage in the range of 5% to 50%, especially 10% to 40%, preferably 15% to 30%, preferably 20% to 25%. , based on the length in the non-shrunken state and at a temperature in the range of 80 to 240 ° C, in particular 100 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, having.

45. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') a heat shrinkage in the range of 1% to 30%, in particular 2% to 20%, preferably 5% to 15%, preferably 5% to 10% , based on the length in the non-shrunk state and at a temperature in the range of 70 to 150 ° C, in particular 80 to 120 ° C, preferably about 100 ° C, having.

46. The covering material according to claim 1, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') has a shrinking force in the range of 100 cN to 1 000 cN, in particular 200 cN to 900 cN, preferably 300 cN to 800 cN, preferably 400 cN to 600 cN, at a temperature in the range of 140 to 240 ° C, in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') has a shrinking force in the range of 0.5 cN / tex to 10 cN / tex, in particular 1 cN / tex to 5 cN / tex, preferably 1, 5 cN / tex to 4 cN / tex, preferably 2 cN / tex to 3.5 cN / tex, at a temperature in Range of 100 to 240 ° C, in particular 140 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ') is formed elastically.

47. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') is transparent or opaque, preferably opaque, and / or wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5') is colored, in particular colored-transparent or colored. opaque, is formed.

48. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') at least one thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fiber, in particular as defined in claim 59.

49. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1), in particular the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), preferably the second textile cover layer (3), at least one melted thread (6, 6 ') and / or wherein the threads (7, 8) of the first cover layer (2) and / or the threads (7', 8 ') of the second cover layer (3), in particular the threads (7', 8 ') the second cover layer (3), at least partially as a melted thread (6, 6 ') are formed or comprise a melted thread (6, 6').

50. covering material according to claim 50,

wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') at least in sections, preferably completely, in the first textile cover layer (2) and / or in the second textile tilen cover layer (3) is arranged extending and / or wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') as a warp (shrink warp) and / or as a weft (Shrink weft) and / or as a filling thread (shrinkage), especially Kettfüllfaden and / or Schussfüllfaden, and / or as a stitch-forming thread (stitch-forming shrinkage thread) and / or is designed and / or arranged as a pile thread and / or wherein the melt thread (6, 6 ') as a binding element, in particular selected from the group of floats (float), handle, weft, filament and part shot, trained and / or arranged.

51. Covering material according to claim 49 or 50, wherein the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is in the form of a fabric, in particular wherein in the weft direction of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) every second to tenth weft, in particular every fourth to eighth weft, a fusion thread (6, 6 ') is and / or wherein in the warp direction of the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) every second to the tenth warp, in particular every fourth to eighth warp, a fusion thread (6, 6 ') is.

52. Covering material according to one of claims 49 to 51, wherein the proportion of the melt thread (6, 6 ') in the range of 0.1 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, in particular 0.25 wt .-% to 40 wt %, preferably 0.5 wt.% to 30 wt.%, preferably 0.75 wt.% to 20 wt.%, particularly preferably 1 wt.% to 10 wt.%, very particularly preferably 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile (1).

53. covering material according to one of claims 49 to 52, wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') is formed as a monofilament or as a multifilament and / or wherein the melted thread (6, 6') is formed as staple fiber yarn, in particular wherein the melted thread (6 , 6 ') optionally comprises at least one further, non-melting thread (yarn), in particular as defined in claim 59.

54. The covering material according to one of claims 49 to 53, wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') comprises or consists of an organic polymer, preferably a thermoplastic and / or heat-adhesive organic polymer, and / or at least one thermoplastic hot-melt adhesive. in particular wherein the organic polymer and / or the thermoplastic hot melt adhesive, independently of one another, are selected from polymers from the group of polyesters, polyamides, polyethers, polyetheresters and / or polyurethanes and also their mixtures and copolymers, preferably polyamides.

Covering material according to one of claims 49 to 54, wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') has a softening or melting point in the range from 50 ° C to 200 ° C, in particular 55 ° C to 180 ° C, preferably 60 ° C to 140 ° C, preferably 65 ° C to 120 ° C, and / or wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') has a softening or melting point below 200 ° C, in particular below 180 ° C, preferably below 140 ° C, preferred below 120 ° C, more preferably below 100 ° C, most preferably below 80 ° C having.

A fabric according to any one of claims 49 to 55, wherein the hot melt yarn (6, 6 ') has a lower softening or melting point than the heat shrinkable temperature of the heat shrinkable plastic yarn and / or the heat shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5') and / or wherein the softening or melting point of the melt thread (6, 6 ') at least 1 ° C (1 K), in particular at least 5 ° C (5 K), preferably at least 10 ° C (10 K), preferably at least 15 ° C ( 15K), more preferably at least 20 ° C (20K), is lower than the heat shrink temperature of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and / or the heat-shrinkable pile yarn (5, 5 ').

The covering material according to one of claims 49 to 56, wherein the melting thread (6, 6 ') has a diameter, in particular average thread diameter, in the range of 0.03 mm to 2 mm, in particular 0.05 mm to 1, 5 mm, preferably 0, 1 mm to 1 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 0.8 mm, particularly preferably 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm.

Covering material according to one of claims 49 to 57, wherein the melted thread (6, 6 ') has a linear density in the range from 50 to 2500 dtex, in particular 300 dtex to 2200 dtex, preferably 500 dtex to 2000 dtex, preferably 1 to 1000 dtex to 1. 800 dtex.

59. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1), in particular the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), independently, at least one thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular Textile fibers, in particular wherein the fiber type natural fibers, preferably wool fibers or cotton fibers (CO), preferably wool fibers, and / or chemical fibers, preferably synthetic fibers, in particular selected from the group of polyesters (PES); Polyolefins, in particular polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP); Polyvinylchloride (CLF); Polyvinylidene chloride (CLF); Acetate (CA); Triacetate (CTA); Polyacrylic (PAN), polyamide (PA), in particular aromatic, preferably flame-resistant polyamides; Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL); polyurethanes; polyvinyl; (Meth) acrylates; Polylactic acids (PLA); and mixtures thereof, preferably polyamide (PA), in particular wherein the yarn (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers, has a titre in the range of 50 to 10,000 dtex, in particular 100 to 5,000 dtex, preferably 200 to 3,750 dtex, especially preferably 300 to 900 dtex.

60. Covering material according to claim 59, wherein the proportion of the thread (yarn) based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers, in the range of 1 wt .-% to 90 wt .-%, in particular 2 wt .-% to 80 wt .-% , preferably 3 wt .-% to 70 wt .-%, preferably 5 wt .-% to 60 wt .-%, particularly preferably 10 wt .-% to 50 wt .-%, based on the spacer textile (1) ,

61. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1) is gas-permeable, in particular air-permeable, and / or water-permeable and / or water vapor permeable.

62. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the

2

Spacer textile (1) a basis weight in the range of 50 g / m to

2 2 2

15,000 g / m, in particular 100 g / m to 10,000 g / m, preferably

2 2 2 2

150 g / m to 5,000 g / m, preferably 200 g / m to 1, 000 g / m. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims,

wherein the spacer textile (1) has a thickness d (height) in the range of 1 mm to 250 mm, in particular 2 mm to 200 mm, preferably 3 mm to 150 mm, preferably 5 mm to 100 mm, particularly preferably 10 mm to 75 mm, and / or

wherein the second textile cover layer (3) at least in sections and / or regions has a greater length and / or a greater width (depth) than the first textile cover layer (2) and / or wherein the second textile cover layer (3), based on the main extension plane has a larger area than the first textile cover layer (2) and / or wherein the second cover layer (3) extends at least in portions and / or regions beyond the first cover layer (2) and / or wherein the second textile cover layer (3) forms an edge of the spacer textile (1) and / or

wherein the spacer textile (1) has at least one further textile layer, in particular at least one further textile surface material, in particular wherein the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, on the side of the first textile cover layer (2) facing away from the spacer layer (4). and / or the second textile covering layer (3) and / or in particular wherein the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, as woven, knitted or knitted fabric, scrim or as a textile composite, in particular nonwoven, preferably as woven and / or knitted fabric , preferably as a woven fabric, is formed and / or in particular wherein the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, is designed as decor textile and / or in particular wherein the further textile layer, in particular the further textile surface material, on the first textile cover layer (2 ) and / or the second textile cover layer (3) is laminated and / or

wherein the spacer textile (1), in particular the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), preferably the second textile cover layer (3), at least one elastic or partially elastic thread, in particular in the form of an elastic or partially elastic plastic thread , preferably elastic or partially elastic polyester thread, and / or in particular in the form of elastomeric or rubber threads, in particular wherein the content of the elastic or partially elastic thread in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 25 wt%, in particular 1 wt % to 20% by weight preferably 2 wt .-% to 15 wt%, preferably 5 wt .-% to 10 wt%, based on the spacer textile (1).

64. Covering material according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spacer textile (1) in the non-shrunk state, in particular the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), a fiber density in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction of 1 to 100 threads / cm, in particular 2 to 50 threads / cm, preferably 3 to 30 threads / cm. 65. Heat-shrunk textile covering material (Α '), in particular for use in seating furniture (10) and / or as part of a seat (10), comprising at least one heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), wherein the spacer textile (1 ')

- A first textile cover layer (upper layer) (2) and

- A second textile cover layer (lower layer) (3) and

a spacer layer (4) arranged between the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3), in particular the first textile covering layer (2) and / or the second textile covering layer (3)

having,

wherein the heat-shrunk textile covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), has been heat-shrunk at least in sections and / or regions,

wherein the spacer layer (4) has at least one pile thread (5, 5 ', 5 "), preferably a plurality of pile threads (pile yarns), wherein the first textile covering layer (2) and the second textile covering layer (3) overlay Spacer layer (4), in particular via the pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 ") of the spacer layer (4), are interconnected and / or fixed to each other, wherein the first cover layer (2) at least one thread (upper layer thread)

(7, 8), preferably a plurality of threads (7, 8), and the second cover layer (3) at least one thread (lower layer thread) (7 ', 8'), preferably a plurality of threads (7 ', 8') , and

wherein the first cover layer (2) and / or the second cover layer (3), preferably the second cover layer (3), at least one heat-shrunk Plastic yarn has / and / and wherein the threads (7, 8) of the first cover layer (2) and / or the threads (7 ', 8') of the second cover layer (3), in particular the threads (7 ', 8') the second cover layer (3), at least partially formed as a heat-shrunk plastic yarn or comprise a heat-shrunk plastic yarn.

66. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to claim 65, wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), by 1% to 70%, in particular 2% to 60%, preferably 3% to 50%, preferably 4% to 40%, more preferably 5% to 30%, most preferably 5% to 25%, based on the thickness d in the non-shrunken state, shrunk.

67. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to claim 65 or 66, wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), by 1% to 50%, in particular 2% to 40%, preferably 3% to 30%, preferred 4% to 20%, more preferably 5% to 15%, most preferably 5% to 10%, based on the length and / or width in the non-shrunken state, shrunk.

68. A heat-shrinked fabric according to any one of claims 65 to 67, wherein the thickness d '(height) of the heat-shrunk fabric (Α'), in particular the thickness d 'of the heat-shrunk spacer (1'), is less than the thickness d of heat-shrinkable covering material (A), in particular the thickness d of the heat-shrinkable spacer textile (1), in particular as defined in claims 1 to 64, in particular wherein the thickness d 'is 10% to 99.5%, in particular 20% to 99%, preferably 30% to 95%, preferably 40% to 90%, particularly preferably 50% to 85%, the thickness d corresponds.

69. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to any one of claims 65 to 68, wherein the spacer layer (4) comprises at least one heat-shrunk pile thread (5, 5 ').

70. A heat-shrunk covering material according to any one of claims 65 to 69, wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), in the main extension level of the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular of the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), recesses and / or indentations and / or reduced-thickness (tapered) sections and / or areas, in particular wherein the recesses and / or indentations and / or the reduced thickness (Rejuvenated) sections and / or areas are caused by a particular section and / or area (heat) shrinkage and / or in particular wherein the recesses and / or indentations and / or reduced thickness (tapered) sections and / or areas on one side the covering material A 'and / or in only one textile covering layer (2, 3), in particular only in the first textile covering layer (2),

and / or wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (V), has a geometry deviating from a flat configuration, such as bends, curves or the like.

A heat-shrunk fabric according to any one of claims 65 to 71, wherein the heat-shrunk plastic yarn has a diameter in the range of 0.05 mm to 3.5 mm, especially 0.1 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 2.5 mm 0.2 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.3 mm to 1 mm, and / or wherein the diameter of the heat-shrunk plastic yarn by a factor of 1.05 to 3, in particular by a factor of 1, 1 to 2.5, preferably by a factor of 1.3 to 2.2, preferably by a factor of 1.5 to 2, based on the diameter of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the non-shrunk state, and / or wherein the heat-shrunk plastic yarn is elastic. 72. A heat-shrinkable stringing material according to any one of claims 65 to 70, wherein the heat-shrunk pile thread (5, 5 ') has a diameter in the range of 0.1 mm to 4 mm, in particular 0.15 mm to 3 mm, preferably 0.2 mm 2.5 mm, preferably 0.3 mm to 2 mm, particularly preferably 0.4 mm to 1 mm, and / or wherein the diameter of the heat-shrunk pile thread (5, 5 ') by a factor of 1.05 to 3 , in particular by a factor of 1, 1 to 2.5, preferably increased by a factor of 1, 3 to 2.2, preferably by a factor of 1, 5 to 2, based on the diameter of the heat-shrinkable pile thread (5, 5 ') ) in the non shrunk condition, and / or wherein the heat-shrunk pile thread (5, 5 ') is elastic.

73. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to any one of claims 65 to 72, wherein the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1 ') at least one preferably glued and / or preferably with other threads adhered melt thread (6, 6').

74. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to claim 73, wherein the heat-shrunk plastic yarn and / or the pile threads (5, 5 ', 5 "), in particular the heat-shrunk pile threads (5, 5'), at least partially on at least one melt thread (6, 6 '). and / or wherein the remaining threads of the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1 '), in particular the first textile cover layer (2) and / or the second textile cover layer (3), on at least one melted thread (6, 6 ') are fixed and / or made to adhere.

75. A heat-shrinkable covering material according to any one of claims 65 to 74, wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), a sliding resistance, in particular seam sliding resistance, in each case based on the warp direction or weft direction and according to DIN 53868, of at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, preferably at least 200 N, particularly preferably at least 300 N, and / or wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1'), has a tensile strength, in particular in each case based on the warp direction and / or weft direction and according to EN ISO 13934-1, of at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, preferably at least 800 N, and / or wherein the heat-shrunk covering material (Α ') , in particular the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1 ') e tear propagation resistance, in particular with respect to the weft direction and according to EN ISO 13937-3, of at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, preferably at least 80 N, having.

76. The use of a fabric (A) having heat shrink properties as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64 for the production and / or manufacture of a heat-shrunk fabric (A) as defined in any one of claims 65 to 75.

77. A method of producing a heat-shrunk stringing material (Α ') as defined in any one of claims 65 to 75, wherein a heat-shrinkable stringing material (A) as in any one of claims 1 to

64 defined, shrunk by means of heat treatment.

78. The method of claim 77, wherein the covering material (A), in particular the spacer textile (1), at least partially and / or partially initially to a temperature above the softening or melting point of the melt thread (6, 6 ') and below the heat shrink temperature the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and / or the heat-shrinkable pile threads (5, 5 ') and then at least in sections and / or regions, preferably at least in the entire surface, to a temperature above the heat shrinkage temperature of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn and / or heat-shrinkable pile threads (5 , 5 ') is heated, in particular, followed by cooling of the thus obtained, at least partially and / or partially heat-shrunk cover material (Α'), in particular of the heat-shrunk spacer textile (1 ').

Use of a fabric (A) having heat shrink properties as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64 and / or a heat-shrunk fabric (Α ') as claimed in any one of the claims

65 to 75 defined in the field of furniture industry, automotive industry and the like.

80. The use of a fabric (A) having heat shrink properties as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64 and / or a heat-shrunk fabric (Α ') as defined in any one of claims 65 to 75 for the manufacture of furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seating elements, and the like.

81. A method for producing furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seat elements, and the like, wherein a covering material (A) with heat shrinking properties, as defined in any one of claims 1 to 64, applied to a support, in particular frame, or the like, and and / or attached thereto, and subsequently the covering material (A), in particular the textile spacer material (1), is heat-shrunk at least in portions and / or regions, in particular so that depressions and / or recesses and / or reduced-thickness (tapered) sections and / or or areas having stringing of the carrier and / or an at least substantially wrinkle-free and preferably under residual stress, in particular reversibly stretchable clothing of the carrier with the heat-shrunk cover material (Α '), in particular with the textile spacer textile (1'), as in a of claims 65 to 75 d efiniert, results.

Furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seat elements, and the like, comprising at least one covering material (A) with heat-shrinking properties as defined in one of claims 1 to 64 and / or comprising at least one heat-shrunk covering material (Α '), as defined in any one of claims 65 to 75.