WO2013170869A1

WO2013170869A1 - Textile fabric, use and production of a textile fabric and furniture element

Info

Publication number: WO2013170869A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/002386
Authority: WO
Inventors: Oliver Salzmann
Original assignee: K&R Textil Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2012-05-18
Filing date: 2012-06-05
Publication date: 2013-11-21
Also published as: CN104271833A; US20150147517A1

Abstract

Shown and described is a textile fabric (1) with elastic properties for use as upholstery material or for covering support or frame structures, for example of seating furniture, furniture elements, ducts, automobile accessories or the like, comprising a woven, single-thread or multi-thread knitted or laid structure or composite textile material, for example a nonwoven, as a self-supporting base material, wherein the base material has a total elongation to DIN 53360 under a tensile force of 25 N in at least one pulling direction of 0.1 to 10% and an irreversible elongation to DIN 53360 under a tensile force of 25 N in at least one pulling direction of less than 1%. According to the invention, it is provided that the base material has a pile (4) produced by flocking.

Description

Textile fabrics, use and manufacture

a textile fabric and furniture element

The invention relates to a textile fabric for use as a reference or covering of carrier or frame structures, for example of seating furniture, furniture elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories or the like, with a woven, knitted, knitted or nonwoven fabric, scrim or textile composite, for example as a self-supporting base material, wherein the base material has a total elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in at least one tensile direction of 0, 1 to 10%, preferably from 0.5 to 6%, more preferably to 4%, and a permanent elongation to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in at least one tensile direction of less than 1%, preferably less than 0.5%, more preferably less than 0.1%, particularly preferably less than 0.01%. At a tensile force of 125 N, the total elongation according to DIN 53360 in at least one direction of pull 0.5 to 40%, in particular 1 to 30%, more preferably 5 to 22%, and the permanent elongation according to DIN 53360 also at a tensile force of 125 N. in at least one direction of pull less than 5%, in particular less than 3%, more preferably less than 2%.

Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of a textile fabric of the aforementioned type as upholstery or covering of support or frame structures, for example of seating, furniture elements, cavity channels or automotive accessories or the like, and a method for producing a textile fabric with three-dimensional surface structures , Finally, the present invention relates to a furniture element, in particular a seat furniture element, preferably a backrest and / or a seat part, a decorative element, a cavity channel, automotive accessories or the like, comprising at least one textile fabric of the type described above, in particular a textile fabric.

Elastic textile fabrics are known in the art, for example in the furniture industry as coverings or as coverings

CONFIRMATION COPY of carrier or frame structures, for example, for seating or the like, are used and which in particular make do without a Aurpolsterung or relining. For example, tubular textile fabrics are used, which are pulled over a suitable carrier or frame structure and fixed there. Such textile fabrics have a self-supporting base material, wherein the base material may be a woven, knitted, knitted, laid or a textile composite, for example a nonwoven.

To textile fabrics of the aforementioned type high demands are made. Thus, it is necessary that the textile fabric returns to its original shape due to high restoring forces after a force-related stress, which is associated with an expansion or buckling of the fabric. The textile fabric thus has to have good thinning recovery properties, which are particularly caused or reinforced by optionally present elastomer or rubber threads or fibers. A low total elongation under load and a very low permanent elongation after relief are prerequisites for ensuring that the visual appearance of a carrier covered or covered with a fabric of the type in question or of a frame structure covered or stringent, even with repeated loading or use high quality requirements enough.

From DE 20 2007 014 733 Ul a textile fabric for the production of a cover or a covering is known which has heat shrinkage properties. Under the influence of heat, there is a reduction in length of at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn of the known fabric, so that the fabric may have a lower bias in the initial state prior to covering or covering. The required residual stress of the cover or the covering applied to the carrier structure or the frame is only generated by the shrinkage process of the flat material. The residual stress achieved by the heat shrinkage process ensures a high load capacity and extensive freedom from wrinkles of the cover or covering without dimensional or quality deviations due to excessive stretching or bulging of the textile sheet material when covering or covering the fabric Carrier or frame structure are to be feared. In particular, a wrinkle-free cover or a wrinkle-free covering of the carrier or the frame construction, for example, for spatial structures such as chairs or the like, even with low biasing forces of the sheet material ensured in a simple manner.

In order to produce three-dimensional textile surface structures on the base material of a textile fabric of the type in question and to give the fabric a particular appearance or design, the prior art is the use of flocked yarns as warp and / or weft threads in the production such textile fabrics known. The use of flocked yarns to make the sheets ensures that the stretch properties and recovery behavior of the fabric do not change or change only insignificantly compared to a fabric made using unflocked yarns. However, the design freedom of the design or the external appearance of the three-dimensional surface structures produced using flocked yarns is limited by the yarn thickness and, in the case of woven fabrics, by the number of warp or weft yarns.

Object of the present invention is to provide in a simple manner and cost, a textile fabric having a three-dimensional surface structure on at least one flat side of the sheet and a manufacturing method for producing such a sheet and a furniture element of the type mentioned, the design of the three-dimensional Surface structure is possible with a higher freedom of design and the surface structure is characterized by very fine and filigree textile structures and the restoring behavior of the fabric is very good.

Surprisingly, it has been found in connection with the invention that the abovementioned problem is solved in a suitable manner if the base material of a textile fabric of the type mentioned at the beginning is flocked at least in certain areas. The pile produced by flocking as a three-dimensional surface or textile structure can at least one flat or outside of the fabric according to the invention be provided, preferably a fabric is flocked as a base material. In principle, however, a knitwear such as a knitted fabric or a knitted fabric can be flocked in the same way. Likewise, nonwoven fabrics, such as scrims or nonwoven fabrics, can be flocked. In all the aforementioned cases, three-dimensional surface or textile structures are produced from flock fibers, wherein depending on the length and fineness of the flock fibers very attractive textile fabrics with a three-dimensional surface structure can be created with regard to optics and haptics. Due to the high fineness of the surface structures produced by flocking, any motifs can be displayed in high resolution. If a fabric is flocked as base material, the fine structure of the surface topography obtainable by flocking of the fabric according to the invention is in particular not coupled to the number of warp or weft threads. Basically, the flocking offers the advantage of being able to freely design the pile layer as in a printing process.

In connection with the invention, it has surprisingly been further found that by suitable design of the flocking the permanent elongation of the textile fabric according to the invention compared to a same fabric with unflocked base material is only less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, in particular less than 1 %, is increased. The total elongation and / or the permanent elongation of the flocked base material preferably corresponds essentially to the total elongation or elongation of a same unflocked base material. In connection with the invention, the surprising finding could be obtained that flocking of the base material contrary to the opinion of the experts does not lead to a relevant deterioration of the elongation properties and in particular the restoring behavior of the sheet material, if the flocking is carried out in a suitable manner. Extensive experiments in connection with the invention have shown that despite the flocking of the base material, a load on the base material is not associated with a bulging of the surface material after relieving the force. According to the invention, the flocking process is designed in such a way that the Flor associated with the base material does not counteract the restoring forces of the base material under load after a load stress and the restoring forces are not or only slightly reduced. This can be achieved by a suitable selection of the pile fibers from certain fiber materials, by a certain pile fiber length and thickness as well as by the adhesive used and the amount of adhesive.

For flocking, the processes known in textile technology are used. Preference is given to electrostatic flocking since, by aligning the flock fibers along the field lines in the electrostatic field, this can produce, for example, a pile of chamfers perpendicular to the base material in the adhesive film, thereby achieving a velvety character of the flocked product. In addition, the methods of mechanical and pneumatic flocking for the production of the textile fabrics according to the invention can be used.

To form the batt, short fibers cut according to the invention are particularly preferred. The flock fibers may have a length of 0.5 to 3 mm. The titres of the flock fibers are preferably below 10 dtex, more preferably below 7 dtex. The fiber length must be adjusted to the titer, since the slenderness of the fibers significantly affects their processability in the flocking and the performance characteristics of the flocked base material. Slenderness grade is the ratio of average fiber length to average fiber thickness.

Cut short fibers for flocking are usually made from chemical fiber cables. For the textile fabrics according to the invention, for example, aliphatic polyamide fibers, such as, for example, polyamide 6 or polyamide 6.6, are particularly preferred for forming the pile. Also, short fibers of polyester or polyacrylonitrile and other suitable polymers can be used.

As an adhesive for flocking products of different chemical composition can be used. Thus, polyvinyl acetate and its copolymers, polyacrylic acid esters and its copolymers, polyurethanes, styrene-copolymers and terpolymers, polyvinyl chloride and vinyl chloride-vinylidene- Interpolymers find use. These adhesives are present either as solvent-containing systems or as solvent-free aqueous dispersions. According to the invention, adhesives based on polyacylic acids or copolymers thereof have proved particularly suitable for flocking. Good results can also be achieved with polyurethane-based adhesives.

The base material of the sheet according to the invention is in particular a textile sheet material, as already described in DE 20 2007 014 733 Ul. The disclosure content of DE 20 2007 014 733 U1 is hereby incorporated by reference into the disclosure content of the present invention, which relates in particular to the composition and the properties of the textile base material.

The base material is preferably formed as a fabric having a plurality of elastic threads or fibers, which may be present as monofilaments or multifilaments, in the weft direction and with a plurality of elastic threads or fibers, e- as monofilaments or multifilaments, in the warp direction, wherein the fabric in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction elastically and reversibly stretchable and wherein the total elongation in the weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N about 1 to 10%, preferably 2 to 8%, more preferably 4 to 6%, and the permanent elongation in weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N less than 1.0%, preferably less than 0.5%, in particular less than 0, 1%, and / or wherein the total elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a Tensile force of 25 N about 0.1 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 3%, more preferably 1 to 2%, and the permanent elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N is less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0.1%. The total elongation in the weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 125 N, however, 10 to 40%, preferably 20 to 30%, more preferably less than 25%, and the permanent elongation in weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 125 N less than 5%, preferably less than 3%, more preferably less than 2%, and / or the total elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 125 N can be 1 to 10%, preferably 2 to 8%, more preferably 4 to 6% , and the residual elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 125 N may be less than 1.0%, preferably less than 0.5%. The abovementioned values were determined using a universal testing machine with the designation Zwick 1455 with a clamping length of 200 mm, a measuring length of 100 mm and a sample width of 50 mm under standard conditions according to DIN EN ISO 139, the flocking strength on the sample having no differences ,

Such a fabric is characterized by self-supporting properties, sufficient elasticity and good resilience after release of force and is particularly suitable for use as a cover fabric or covering of carrier or frame structures of furniture elements.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the base material is formed as a fabric having a plurality of monofilaments in the weft direction and / or with a plurality of monofilaments in the warp direction, wherein the diameter of the monofilaments in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction of a woven base material, more preferably between 0 , 05 and 1.0 mm, more preferably between 0, 1 and 0.4 mm. In particular, the carrier fabric consist of elastic monofilaments in the warp and weft directions, which may preferably have a diameter of about 0.2 mm. Also, the web may consist of and / or comprise non-elastic monofilaments.

If the base material is formed as a woven fabric, between 8 and 30 weft threads or weft fibers per cm, preferably between 10 and 20 per cm, more preferably between 12 and 14 per cm, and / or between 8 and 30 warp threads or warp fibers per cm, preferably between 10 and 20 per cm, more preferably between 14 and 16 per cm, be provided. For example, the base material may have 15.5 warp threads per cm and a weft density of 13.5 weft / cm. The base material of the fabric according to the invention is accordingly tightly woven, which simplifies the flocking of the base material and ensures a very appealing feel and appearance of the formed pile.

The base material may be at least partially transparent and, if it is formed as a fabric, have transparent threads or fibers in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction. Preferably there is a carrier Fabrics made of transparent monofilaments. The transparency of a carrier fabric can also be achieved by the fabric, although dense-woven, has a net-like structure when using monofilaments. The net character also leads to dyed monofilaments that the carrier fabric appears transparent. As a result, it is possible, at least in some areas, to see through the base material the area covered or covered by the fabric according to the invention.

In particular, in connection with the use of transparent threads or fibers can be provided that the base material is only partially flocked. As a result, side-by-side flocked and non-flocked areas of the base material are provided on a same side of the sheet, with the non-flocked areas being preferably transparent and exposing the area below the base material. This makes it possible to achieve a particularly attractive appearance of the sheet according to the invention. In the area-wise flocking of the base material provided according to the invention, almost any desired motifs can be present as three-dimensional surface structures in addition to non-flocked transparent regions of the base material. The surface design can be made almost free as in a printing process.

In particular, it is envisaged that the flocked areas extend in strip form either in the warp direction or in the weft direction, wherein the flocked areas are separated from each other by non-flocked areas of the base material. Preferably, contiguous non-flocked areas extend between the flocked areas over the entire length or width of the sheet according to the invention. This ensures that the restoring behavior of the fabric according to the invention does not change or only negligibly, at least in a pulling direction due to the flocking.

In order to achieve a high strength of the connection of the pile with the base material, it may be provided that the pile extends from an upper side of the base material through the base material to the lower side of the base material and at least on the lower side of the base material partially forms a coherent pile layer. In this context, the top of the base material is not closed, but has voids through which the flock fibers penetrate into the base material and can form a pile on the back of the material. In woven base materials, in particular in a net-like carrier fabric made of monofilaments, the base material may be woven such that the flock fibers can penetrate the carrier fabric during flocking. The textile fabric according to the invention then has flocked surface areas on both flat sides, which are interconnected via the thickness of the base material.

In order to allow flocking of the base material with high quality, the base material may have a sliding resistance, in particular in each case with respect to the warp direction or weft direction and according to DIN 53868, of at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, preferably at least 200 N, more preferably at least 300N. The tensile strength of the base material, in particular in each case based on the warp direction and / or weft direction and according to EN ISO 13934-1, can be at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, preferably at least 800 N. Incidentally, the tear propagation resistance of the base material according to EN ISO 13937-3, in particular with respect to the weft direction, may be at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, preferably at least 80 N. It is understood that all of the aforementioned values of the mechanical properties of the base material need not necessarily be provided in combination with one another.

All of the above value specifications and the specified intervals in each case capture all intermediate values, ie not just the lower limits or, at intervals, the interval limits, without this requiring an explicit mention. The aforementioned features can be combined with each other.

In particular, there are a multitude of possibilities for designing and developing the textile fabric according to the invention, with reference first to the dependent claims and secondly to the following detailed description. Lierte description of a preferred embodiment of the invention with reference to the drawings. In the drawing show each schematically

Fig. 1 is a plan view of an inventive sheet and

Fig. 2, the fabric shown in Fig. 1 from below.

1 and 2, an inventive textile fabric 1 is shown with elastic properties for use as upholstery fabric or covering of support or frame structures, for example of seating furniture, furniture elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories or the like. The fabric 1 has a formed as a fabric base material, which is self-supporting and is formed by a plurality of elastic monofilaments 2 in the warp direction and elastic monofilaments 3 in the weft direction. The fabric 1 thus has a net-like structure. Fig. 1 shows the sheet 1 in a plan view, while Fig. 2 shows the same sheet 1 in a view from below. It is understood that in FIGS. 1 and 2, only a portion of the sheet 1 is shown schematically.

The monofilaments 2, 3 may have a diameter of about 0, 1 to 0.3 mm, preferably 0.2 mm. In the place of monofilaments 2, 3 and elastic multifilaments can be used for the preparation of the base material. The elasticity of the base material is controlled such that the fabric 1, for example, in the covering of frame structures of a chair ensures a high level of comfort and that the tissue returns to use after use back to the starting position.

Preferably, the fabric of the base material is polyester fibers. The total elongation of the base material according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in the warp direction can be 0.5 to 5%, preferably about 1%, with a permanent elongation of less than 1%, preferably ± 0.0%. The total elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in the weft direction can be about 1 to 10%, preferably about 4%, also at a residual elongation of less than 1%, preferably ± 0.0%. The Total elongation according to DIN 53360 of the base material at a tensile force of 125 N in the warp direction between 4 and 6%, preferably about 5%, while the permanent elongation in the warp direction at a tensile force of 125 N also preferably less than 1.0%, in particular ± 0.0%. The total elongation of the base material at a tensile force of 125 N in the weft direction may be between 20 and 30%, preferably about 23%, wherein the permanent elongation in the weft direction may preferably be less than 5%, in particular about 1.5%. The base material may in principle also have elongation values which deviate from the abovementioned elongation values by preferably less than 50%, preferably less than 20%. As a result, self-supporting properties of the base material are achieved, which dictate the suitability of the base material, in particular as wrinkle-free covers of frame structures for chairs or the like, wherein the textile fabric 1 has high reversible extensibility properties and a high load capacity.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the base material has, in regions, a pile 4 produced by flocking. As flock fibers preferably polyamide fibers can be used. The flocked areas of the base material extend in the form of a strip in the warp direction. Between the flocked areas, there are provided unflocked areas 5 which separate the flocked areas in the weft direction and which preferably extend in the warp direction over the entire length of the fabric 1. It is equally possible that the flocked areas extend in the weft direction and are separated in the warp direction by unblocked areas, whereby unflocked areas can be provided which extend in the weft direction over the entire width of the fabric 1. The flocking of the base material is carried out in such a way that it comes through the pile 4 only to a negligible change in the elongation properties, in particular the permanent elongation. Further preferably, a flocking of the base material is provided such that the permanent elongation of the flocked base material is increased by less than 10%, preferably by less than 5%, in particular by less than 1%, compared with a same unfired base material. In this way, three-dimensional surfaces are produced by flocking without the need for the suitability of the fabric 1 as a cover material or covering material. deteriorate required return properties or reversible elongation properties of the base material.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, the base material has 15.5 monofilaments 2 in the warp direction per cm and 13.5 monofilaments 3 in the weft direction per cm. It is understood that a different warp and / or weft density can be provided. Vacuums 6 are present between the monofilaments 2, 3, so that the flock fibers can penetrate from above through the fabric during the flocking of the base material and can also form contiguous flocked regions on the underside of the fabric 1, which is shown in FIG. This ensures high flocking strength. In addition, the restoring behavior of the fabric 1 is improved.

The monofilaments 2, 3 are preferably transparent so that it is possible to see through the unflocked areas 5. A transparent appearance of the fabric 1 is also achieved by the net character of the fabric 1 when using monofilaments 2, 3, so that in principle it is also such that the fabric 1 appears transparent when dyed monofilaments 2, 3 are used. The illustrated sheet 1 is thus characterized by an aesthetically pleasing design with flocking generated three-dimensional surface structures, wherein the design of the design is not coupled to the number of monofilaments 2, 3 in the warp or weft direction and designed as a printing process freely can.

Claims

claims:

1. A textile fabric (1) having elastic properties for use as upholstery or covering of support or frame structures, for example of seating, furniture elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories or the like, with a woven, knitted, knitted fabric, scrim or textile composite, for example a nonwoven, as a self-supporting base material, wherein the base material has a total elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in at least one tensile direction of 0, 1 to 10% and a permanent elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in at least one tensile direction of less than 1%, characterized in that the base material has a pile (4) produced by flocking.

2. A textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that a flocking of the base material is provided such that the permanent elongation of the base material against a same unflocked base material by less than 10%, preferably less than 5%, in particular less than 1% , is enlarged.

3. The textile fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the base material is formed as a fabric with a plurality of elastic threads or fibers (3) in the weft direction and with a plurality of elastic threads or fibers (2) in the warp direction, wherein the Tissue in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction is elastically and reversibly stretchable and wherein the total elongation in the weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N about 1 to 10%, preferably 2 to 8%, more preferably 4 to 6%, and the permanent elongation in weft direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0, 1%, and / or wherein the total elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N about 0 , 1 to 5%, preferably 0.5 to 3%, more preferably 1 to 2%, and the permanent elongation in the warp direction according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N less than 0.5%, preferably less than 0, 1%.

4. A fabric according to claim 3, characterized in that the base material is formed as a fabric having a plurality of monofilaments (3) in the weft direction and with a plurality of monofilaments (2) in the warp direction, wherein the diameter of the monofilaments (2, 3) in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction between 0.05 and 1.0 mm, preferably between 0, 1 and 0.4 mm.

5. Textile fabric according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that between 8 and 30 weft or weft fibers (3) per cm, preferably between 10 and 20 per cm, more preferably between 12 and 14 per cm, and / or between 8 and 30 warp threads or warp fibers (2) per cm, preferably between 10 and 20 per cm, more preferably between 14 and 16 per cm, are provided.

6. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the base material has a sliding resistance, in particular in each case based on the warp direction or weft direction and according to DIN 53868, of at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, preferably at least 200 N, more preferably at least 300 N, and / or that the base material has a tensile strength, in particular in each case based on the warp direction and / or weft direction and according to EN ISO 13934-1, of at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, preferably at least 800 N, and / or that the base material has a tear propagation resistance, in particular with respect to the weft direction and according to EN ISO 13937-3, of at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, preferably at least 80 N, has.

7. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base material is at least partially transparent or appears transparent.

8. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base material is only partially flocked.

9. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pile (4) extends from an upper side of the base material through the base material to the bottom of the base material and at least partially forms a continuous pile layer on the underside of the base material.

10. Use of a textile fabric (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9 as a cover fabric or for the covering of support or frame structures, for example of seating, furniture elements, cavity channels or automotive accessories.

1 1. A process for producing a textile fabric with three-dimensional textile structures, in particular a sheet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, wherein the sheet has elastic properties and for use as upholstery or covering of support or frame structures, for example Seating furniture, furniture elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories or the like is formed, wherein the fabric comprises a woven, knitted, knitted or nonwoven fabric, as a self-supporting base material, wherein the base material has a total elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N. in at least one tensile direction of 0, 1 to 10% and a permanent elongation according to DIN 53360 at a tensile force of 25 N in at least one tensile direction of less than 1%, characterized in that the base material for producing a three-dimensional textile structure zuminde is partially flocked.

12. furniture element, in particular seating furniture element, preferably backrest and / or seat part, decorative element, cavity channel, automotive accessories or the like, comprising at least one textile fabric (1) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9.