EP2039814B1 - Textile flat material, in particular textile tissue with shrinking characteristics, application of same and products produced according to this method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a textile sheet material, in particular a textile fabric, or knitted fabric with shrinkage properties, in particular heat shrinkage properties, according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a heat-shrunk textile sheet material, which is equally formed and in particular in the form of a textile fabric the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention is produced. Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material for producing a heat-shrunk textile sheet material and to a method for producing the heat-shrunk textile sheet material. Moreover, the present invention relates to the use of the textile sheet material in the field of furniture industry, automotive industry and the like. Finally, the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing furniture elements, decorative elements, cavity channels, automobile accessories and the like using the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material. Finally, the present invention relates to the elements or components produced therewith as such.

To textile surface materials, which are used for example in the furniture industry as upholstery or as fabrics of support or frame structures, for example for seating or the like and which in this respect do without a padding or relining, high demands are made. Thus, it is necessary that the textile sheet materials, which are used for the aforementioned purposes, have a high stability in order to carry appropriate loads, and it is equally necessary that the textile sheet materials in addition to the aforementioned strength properties also over a certain extensibility or have elasticity, for example, to ensure a corresponding comfort or ergonomics of seating. In this case, it is also necessary that the textile sheet material returns to its initial state after a corresponding force-related stress, that is to say via corresponding tensile recovery properties features. In other words, such textile sheet materials must have a sufficiently high reversible extensibility to prevent irreversible bulging under tension loss. Furthermore, it is necessary that the textile sheet materials, in particular textile fabrics, have sufficient slip resistance (sliding resistance), in particular seam-slipping strength, in order to avoid shifting of the corresponding warp or weft threads when the material is stressed. However, textile sheet materials of the prior art are not always able to satisfactorily meet the aforementioned requirements.

Furthermore, it is problematic in the prior art to produce wrinkle-free covers or coverings, for example, of carrier devices in the form of frames, which are used in particular in chairs - for example as a back or seat unit. For in the prior art, the problem often arises that forms folds or the like, especially in the field of fixing the textile sheet material on the support or frame, which is undesirable. In order to minimize this disadvantage in the prior art, it is provided in this regard to realize the most accurate possible sewing or as exact as possible cutting of the textile sheet material, which, however, is technically complex and expensive to manufacture. In addition, surface materials of the prior art have only a limited flexibility or design freedom with respect to the shaping of covers or coverings of carriers or frames. With complex shapes, wrinkling often occurs in the region of the contours, tapers, bows or the like of the support or frame.

To ensure a residual stress of the cover or the clothing, it is also necessary in the prior art to apply the textile sheet material already under tension on the carrier, which is technically unfavorable production.

Against this technical background, it is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a textile sheet material which at least largely avoids or at least mitigates the disadvantages of the prior art described above. In particular, such a fabric should be constructed or equipped so that In particular, wrinkle-free covers of frame structures, in particular for chairs or the like, are made possible, and the textile sheet material simultaneously has good reversible extensibility properties and high load capacity.

The above-described object is achieved in the context of the present invention - according to a first aspect of the invention - by a heat-shrinkable textile sheet material having a multiplicity of the sheet material forming yarn systems according to claim 1. Further, advantageous embodiments of the textile sheet material according to the invention, which is present in particular in the form of a heat-shrinkable textile fabric, are the subject of the relevant subclaims.

Another object of the present invention is - according to a second aspect of the invention - the heat-shrunk textile sheet material, which is obtainable by heat treatment of the textile sheet material according to the invention, according to claim 7. Further, advantageous embodiments of the invention, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material are the subject of the dependent claims.

Another object of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the invention - is the use of the textile sheet material according to the invention for the production of the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention according to claim 10.

Another object of the present invention is - according to a fourth aspect of the invention - the method for producing the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention of claim 11.

Another object of the present invention is - according to a fifth aspect of the invention - the use of the textile sheet material according to the invention in the furniture industry and in the automotive industry or for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories and the like according to claim 12 or 13th

In addition, the present invention - according to a sixth aspect of the invention - the method for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories and the like using the textile sheet material according to claim 14.

Finally, subject of the present invention - according to a seventh aspect of the invention - furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories and the like according to claim 15, which have the inventive textile sheet material.

It goes without saying that embodiments, embodiments, advantages and the like, which are carried out below for purposes of avoiding repetition only to an aspect of the invention, of course, apply accordingly also with respect to the other aspects of the invention.

The present invention - according to a first aspect of the present invention - is thus a textile sheet material having a plurality of yarn systems forming the textile sheet material, wherein the textile sheet material comprises at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn.

The textile sheet material is thus characterized by being itself heat-shrinkable by the specific use of a heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn (also referred to interchangeably as "heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn" or "heat-shrinkable synthetic yarn"). Due to its properties, the heat-shrinkable textile material is suitable for a variety of applications. In this regard, the textile material according to the invention can be used for example in the furniture industry, in particular for the production of seating furniture or the like, but also in the automotive industry, wherein the textile sheet material according to the invention is particularly suitable for covering carrier elements or devices, such as support frames or the like, whereby due to the excellent load capacity of the inventive textile sheet material supportive Structures such as foam pads or the like, are not required and the textile sheet material can be spanned, so to speak directly without further stabilizing measures on a support structure so to speak. A later or subsequent Aufpolstern, for example, but is still not excluded.

In this case, a serious advantage of the present invention resides in the fact that the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention, which is preferably a fabric, in particular as described below, can be applied or fixed directly to a support structure, for example a frame, as it were , without in this regard an exact cut or an exact sewing is necessary. Because of the heat shrinking, which preferably takes place after application to a carrier structure, the textile sheet material according to the invention is smoothly drawn and clamped or placed under (inherent) tension due to the heat shrinkage properties, so that an at least substantially wrinkle-free covering or a wrinkle-free covering results , By the heat shrinkage process, a certain residual stress of the applied to a support structure fabric of the invention is constructed so that due to the bias results in a high load capacity, without the inventive textile sheet material is excessively stretched or bulging excessively.

Due to the optimized reversible extensibility of the textile sheet material according to the invention is equally ensured that the textile sheet material according to the invention, which is applied in heat-shrinked form on a support device, such as a seat of a chair or the like, can be ergonomically adapted to the body contour in the state of use so that high comfort and excellent ergonomics result.

Another advantage of the textile sheet material according to the invention is the fact that after a force-related stress, which is associated with an expansion or buckling of the textile sheet material according to the invention, the textile sheet material according to the invention due to the high restoring force returns to a certain extent back to its original shape. At the same time, the textile sheet material according to the invention has excellent recovery properties. These Dehnerholungseigenschaften be particularly caused or reinforced by optionally present elastomer or rubber threads, yarns, filaments or the like; Therefore, it is preferred according to the invention if the textile sheet material according to the invention additionally comprises an elastomeric and / or rubber portion (eg rubber, rubber, elastomeric polymers etc.), preferably in the form of elastomeric or rubber threads, yarns, filaments or the like , Whose proportion relative to the textile sheet material according to the invention may be a total of at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, particularly preferably at least 20% by weight.

Another advantage of the textile sheet according to the invention is the fact that due to the heat-shrinkable properties, a high flexibility results in relation to the carrier structure to be covered, wherein also pronounced contours, such as tapers, bends, bends and the like in an effective manner can be covered or covered while avoiding excessive wrinkling.

The textile sheet material according to the invention can be present in numerous embodiments: It is thus possible to form the textile sheet material as a woven, knitted fabric, knitted fabric, scrim or as a textile composite, for example as a nonwoven. According to an embodiment of the invention particularly preferred, the textile sheet material is formed in the form of a textile fabric.

In this regard, in the context of the present invention, the term "fabric" is understood to mean that it is preferably a fabric of warp and weft threads, wherein the fabric may be formed using specific bonds or rapports known per se to those skilled in the art ,

The term "yarn", as it can be understood in the context of the present invention, represents a collective term for all line-shaped textile structures. In this context, a yarn may comprise one or more fibers or threads. With regard to the invention used Heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is preferably in filament yarn which, theoretically, comprises fibers of infinite length.

In the present invention, the term "heat-shrinkable" is understood to mean a dimensional change induced by heat influence, with a reduction in length of the yarn with respect to the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, with respect to the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in this respect likewise thickening, i. an increase in the diameter of the plastic yarn may result. Heat shrinkage in the context of the present invention thus involves a controlled dimensional reduction of the plastic yarn and thus of the textile sheet material according to the invention per se, with the length reduction with respect to the textile sheet material being present in the direction of the heat-shrinkable plastic thread. The heat shrinkage according to the invention is, in particular, an at least essentially irreversible shrinkage process.

As for the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn used in the present invention, it may be a monofilament or a multifilament. With regard to a configuration of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn as a multifilament, it is equally possible to combine the heat-shrinkable component of the plastic yarn with other, non-shrinking components, such as further fibers or threads, in particular as defined below. In this way, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn used according to the invention can also be formed as staple fiber yarn (in which case the heat-shrinkable staple fiber yarn is formed entirely from the actual heat-shrinkable plastic yarn component and also one or more other non-heat-shrinkable yarn components). With regard to the non-shrinking yarns that can be used in addition, as can be used for the yarn system and as they are defined in more detail below, so-called staple fiber yarns comprising fibers of finite length can also be used.

If the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is used with other fibers or threads, this may also be a so-called Umwindegarn, in which the plastic yarn effectively acts as a "soul" and thus optically at least substantially not visible, or act as a so-called Verzwirngarn.

As for the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, particularly good results are achieved in terms of shrinkage behavior when the synthetic yarn has a phthalate-based polyester. According to the invention it can be provided that the plastic yarn comprises or consists of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.

For example, the monofilament type 940R manufactured by Teijin Ltd., Japan, can be used in the present invention.

As far as the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is concerned, it may have a diameter of 0.05 to 1 mm, in particular 0.1 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0, in the uncorrected or non-shrunk state. 2 to 0.4 mm. It should be noted that during heat shrinkage, thickening of the fiber may result in shortening of length, so that the inventive sheet material in the shrunken state has shrunken plastic yarns which may have an increased diameter compared to the non-shrunk or non-shrunk state.

The parameters indicated below relate in particular to a heat-shrinkable plastic yarn which has a diameter of 0.05 to 1 mm, in particular 0.1 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.6 mm, preferably 0.2 to 0, 4 mm.

The heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may have a linear density of from 100 to 3,000 dtex, in particular from 500 to 2,500 dtex, preferably from 1,000 to 2,250 dtex, preferably from 1,500 to 2,000 dtex.

Furthermore, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn should have a tenacity of 10 to 120 cN / tex, especially 20 to 100 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN / tex, preferably 30 to 60 cN / tex, at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, especially 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, have. As a result, a high load capacity of the textile sheet material is made possible, so that it can withstand high load forces ("sitting down" when used as a seat).

In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the present invention, a breaking elongation of 2 to 50%, in particular 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 30%, preferably 10 to 20%, at a temperature of 10 to 100 ° C, in particular 10 to 50 ° C, preferably about 20 ° C, have. This leads to a further improvement of the stability and force-carrying capacity of the textile sheet material according to the invention.

To realize an effective shrinkage of the textile sheet material according to the invention under the influence of heat, the inventively used heat-shrinkable plastic yarn should have a heat shrinkage of 5 to 50%, in particular 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 30%, preferably 20 to 25%, based on the length of the plastic yarn in non-shrunk state and at a temperature of 140 to 240 ° C, in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have. In this connection, the heat-shrinkable plastic material used in the present invention should have a heat shrinkage of 1 to 30%, especially 2 to 20%, preferably 5 to 15%, preferably 5 to 10% in terms of the length in the non-shrunk state and at a temperature at a lower heat shrink temperature from 60 to 140 ° C, in particular 80 to 120 ° C, preferably about 100 ° C, have. The specific shrinkage properties of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn total shrinkage of the textile sheet material is made possible, so that in a sense the textile sheet material on a support structure, such as a support frame for a chair backrest or a seat, so to speak, can be stretched by shrinking, which on the one hand a high stability and on the other hand a virtually wrinkle-free application or covering is realized.

The inventively used heat-shrinkable plastic yarn should also have a shrinkage force of 100 to 1000 cN, in particular 200 to 900 cN, preferably 300 to 800 cN, preferably 400 to 600 cN, at a temperature of 140 to 240 ° C, in particular 160 to 200 ° C. , preferably about 180 ° C, have. In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn should have a shrinkage stress of 0.5 to 10 cN / tex, in particular 1 to 5 cN / tex, preferably 1.5 to 4 cN / tex, preferably 2 to 3.5 cN / tex, at a temperature of 140 to 240 ° C, in particular 160 to 200 ° C, preferably about 180 ° C, have. The previously defined shrinkage force ensures that the textile sheet material according to the invention, which is stretched for example on a support structure or a frame, so to speak builds up a certain residual stress during heat shrinkage and thus spans onto the frame, wherein equally wrinkles or the like are smoothed out and the textile sheet material optimally adapts to the predetermined contour of the support structure or of the frame due to the heat shrinkage. When using heat-shrinkable plastic yarns with a higher diameter results in a further increased shrinkage force or shrinkage stress.

As regards the amount or proportion of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn with respect to the textile sheet according to the invention, this or these can vary within wide ranges, the skilled person is able at any time, the specific amounts against the background of the desired shrinkage behavior and the select desired textile properties. According to the invention, however, it is preferred that the proportion of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn 1 to 60 wt .-%, in particular 2 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 4 to 40 wt .-%, preferably 5 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 6 to 20 wt .-%, most preferably 8 to 10 wt .-%, based on the textile sheet material.

As regards the other yarn systems other than the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, they may each independently comprise yarns having a titre of 50 to 10,000 dtex, especially 100 to 5,000 dtex, preferably 200 to 3,750 dtex, more preferably 300 to 900 dtex more preferably 400 to 800 dtex. In this regard, it may be provided that the yarn systems, each independently In this regard, the type of fiber may be natural fibers, preferably wool fibers or cotton fibers (CO), preferably wool fibers, and / or chemical fibers, preferably synthetic fibers, in particular selected from the group of polyesters (PES); Polyolefins, in particular polyethylene (PE) and / or polypropylene (PP); Polyvinylchloride (CLF); Polyvinylidene chloride (CLF); Acetate (CA); Triacetate (CTA); Polyacrylic (PAN); Polyamide (PA), in particular aromatic, preferably flame-resistant polyamides (e.g., NOMEX ^®.); Polyvinyl alcohol (PVAL); polyurethanes; polyvinyl; (Meth) acrylates; Polylactic acids (PLA); and mixtures thereof, preferably polyamide (PA). The abovementioned abbreviations for the textile fibers are derived from DIN 6001-4 (August 1991).

For further details on the term of textile fibers - synonymously also referred to as textile fibers - can be referenced, for example Römpp Chemielexikon, Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart / New York, Volume 6, 1999, pages 4477-4479 , Keyword: "textile fibers", the entire disclosure, including the references cited therein, is hereby incorporated by reference. In particular, in the context of the present invention, the term textile fibers is understood as a collective term for all fibers which can be processed textile. Common to the textile fibers is a large compared to their cross-section length and sufficient strength and flexibility, with the textile fiber can be divided into different groups by origin and material nature.

As stated above, according to a particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, the textile sheet material is in the form of a textile fabric. In this regard, the textile sheet material may thus be formed as a textile fabric with a yarn system having a plurality of weft threads and a plurality of warp threads. The textile fabric according to the invention thus has a plurality of weft threads and a plurality of warp threads.

With regard to the embodiment particularly preferred according to the invention, according to which the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention is formed in the form of a textile fabric, it is equally provided that the textile fabric comprises at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. With regard to the specification of the usable heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can be made to the above statements, which apply here accordingly.

As regards the concrete formation of the textile sheet material according to the invention in the form of a textile fabric, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can be used in different ways so as to concretely set or tailor the heat shrinkage properties as appropriate:

Thus, according to a first embodiment of the invention, provision may be made for the textile sheet material in the form of a textile fabric to comprise shrink-weft threads which contain the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. In other words, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the context of shrink weft threads is arranged so to speak only in the weft direction of the textile sheet material according to the invention, so that at a corresponding heat shrinkage treatment shrinkage results at least substantially only in the weft direction of the fabric.

Equally, however, according to an alternative embodiment, it may also be provided that the textile fabric-like textile fabric comprises shrinking warp threads containing the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. Accordingly, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn according to this embodiment are arranged in the warp direction of the textile sheet material according to the invention, so that at a heat shrink treatment to be performed a shrinkage results at least substantially only in the warp direction of the fabric of the invention.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it can also be provided that the textile sheet material in the form of a textile fabric has shrink weft threads and shrink warp threads, each containing the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. According to this embodiment, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn is thus arranged in both weft and warp directions. As a result, heat shrinkage treatment results a defined shrinkage both in the weft and in the warp direction of the fabric according to the invention. It may also be provided according to the invention, set by a differentiated selection of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn with respect to the weft and warp direction a differentiated shrinkage, in weft and warp direction.

As regards the heat shrinkage in terms of the textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular in the form of a woven fabric, a shortening of the textile sheet material in the length and / or results due to heat - which induced a defined length reduction along with an eventual increase in the diameter of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the width of the textile sheet material according to the invention or - if the textile sheet material is firmly fixed on or on a support structure, for example a frame - a clamping of the textile sheet material. During the shrinking process, the distance between the respective threads running transversely to the direction of shrinkage is likewise reduced, so that a "compression" of the textile sheet material according to the invention likewise results during the shrinking process.

If the textile sheet material according to the invention is in the form of a textile fabric, the textile sheet material can likewise heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in an amount of 1 to 60 wt .-%, in particular 2 to 50 wt .-%, preferably 4 to 40 wt. %, preferably 5 to 30 wt .-%, particularly preferably 6 to 20 wt .-%, most preferably 8 to 10 wt .-%, based on the textile fabric containing. On a case-by-case basis or due to the application, it may be necessary to deviate from the abovementioned amounts, without, however, departing from the scope of the present invention. Similarly, it is within the scope of the present invention to reduce or increase the respective amounts of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn to be used, for example, when a plastic yarn with a smaller thickness or with a higher thickness is used.

As regards the arrangement or distribution of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn or the shrinking warp threads or the shrinking weft threads, it may be provided that in the weft direction of the textile as tissue formed textile flat material every second to tenth weft is a shrink weft and / or that in the warp direction of the textile fabric every second to tenth warp thread is a shrinking warp thread. Accordingly, it may be provided according to the invention that every third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth or ninth weft thread or warp thread is a shrink weft thread or a shrinking warp thread. In this regard, one skilled in the art will be able at any time to select the specific arrangement of the shrink weft yarns and warp wefts in the heat shrinkable fabric sheet of the invention against the background of the desired shrinkage properties, including the desired textile properties.

As far as the concrete configuration of the shrinking weft threads or the shrinking warp threads is concerned, they may consist of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. Equally, however, it is also possible that the shrink wefts or the shrink warp threads in addition to the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn further fibers, in particular as defined above, included.

As stated above, the shrinkage process induces compaction of the yarn assembly so that, relative to the fabric sheet material of the present invention, the respective weft yarns or respective warp yarns are brought closer to each other by the heat shrinking process, thus reducing their spacing becomes. This phenomenon should be considered with regard to the design of the non-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, in which respect some spacing of the weft yarns or warp yarns with respect to the non-shrunk material should be maintained so that, after shrinking, preferably no overlapping or superimposing of the yarns results. In this regard, it may be provided according to the invention that the weft threads and / or the warp threads and / or the shrinking weft threads and / or warp wefts to the adjacent thread by 0.1 to 3 times, in particular by 0.2 times to 2 times, preferably by the 0th , 3 times to 1.5 times, preferably by 0.5 times to 1 times the respective thread diameter, based on the non shrunk textile fabric, are spaced. In particular, the threads running transversely to the direction of shrinkage should be spaced apart as described above be. Likewise, it is within the scope of the invention, if significantly higher spacings are realized, for example in connection with a net-like formation of the tissue. By the shrinking process, the predetermined distances of the threads are reduced accordingly, depending on the shrinkage intensity or strength. For special applications, however, it may be desired or necessary (for example, to achieve special optical or application-related effects) that the shrinkage process induces a densification of the yarn or yarn assembly such that, based on the inventive sheet material in the form of a Tissue, the respective weft threads or the respective warp threads are not only brought closer to each other by the heat shrinking process and thus their spacing is reduced, but they are even rather superimposed or pushed by the shrinking process or pushed one another; In such a case, therefore, there is no longer any spacing between the respective threads or yarns in the shrunk material.

As regards the formation of the textile sheet material in the form of a textile fabric, the textile sheet material in the non-shrunk state can have a fiber density in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction of 1 to 100 threads / cm, in particular 2 to 50 threads / cm, preferably 3 to 30 threads / cm. Depending on the individual case or application, however, it is possible to deviate from the aforementioned information. By a specific selection of the fiber density defined properties of the textile sheet material can be realized: So it is for example possible to obtain a certain light-tight or opaque sheet material. On the other hand, it is possible - with a lower fiber density - to form the fabric according to the invention, so to speak with a network structure and thus, as it were, as a network.

As regards the weft threads and / or the warp threads of the textile fabric of the invention formed as a textile fabric, these may, independently of one another, be yarns having a titre of 50 to 10,000 dtex, in particular 100 to 5,000 dtex, preferably 200 to 3,750 dtex, particularly preferably from 300 to 900 dtex, very particularly preferably from 400 to 800 dtex.

In this context, the weft threads and / or the warp threads, each independently of one another, may comprise a yarn based on a type of fiber, in particular textile fibers. In this regard, reference may be made to the above explanations concerning the yarn system of the textile sheet material according to the invention, which apply accordingly here. Likewise, it is possible to form the fibers as blended yarn or to use staple fibers.

Another special feature of the present invention is the fact that formed as a textile fabric textile sheet material in the weft and / or warp, each independently, elastically and / or in particular reversibly stretchable, in particular where the elasticity and / or in particular reversible Elongation in the weft direction and / or in the warp direction 5 to 30%, in particular 10 to 25%, preferably 15 to 20%, based on the length of the textile fabric in the non-stretched state, is.

Preferably, the direction of the fabric is provided with the above-defined extensibility which does not have the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. As described in detail below and already mentioned above, it can be provided in this regard that the weft threads and / or the warp threads, each independently, have an elastic yarn. Because the Dehnerholungseigenschaften can be particularly caused or enhanced by optionally present elastomer or rubber threads, yarns, filaments or the like, so that it is preferred according to the invention, when the inventive textile sheet material additionally an elastomer and / or rubber portion (eg Rubber, rubber, elastomeric polymers, etc.), preferably in the form of elastomeric or rubber threads, yarns, filaments or the like.

In this regard, it may be provided that the weft threads and / or the warp threads, each independently, have an elastic yarn, in particular wherein the elastic yarn is an elastomer thread, in particular with a titer of 1 to 10,000 dtex, in particular 1 to 5000 dtex, preferably 5 to 4,000 dtex, more preferably 10 to 3,500 dtex, most preferably 20 to 2,500 dtex; In this case, the elastomeric thread with at least one thread and / or yarn, in particular with two threads and / or yarns, be adhesively twisted. The thickness of the threads or yarns used in this regard should in each case amount to approximately one tenth of that of the elastomeric thread. Wherein OE yarns ("open-end yarns") made of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl cyanide, polyacrylonitrile and / or wool yarns or yarns, preferably produced by the rotor process, are used as yarns or yarns. For further explanations in this regard, the EP 0 036 948 A1 Reference is hereby made to the entire disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference. The elastomeric thread may be used with other threads or yarns in the form of a wraparound yarn or a twisted yarn.

However, as stated above, the present invention is not limited to an embodiment according to which the textile sheet according to the invention is formed in the manner of a fabric. Likewise, the present invention also includes such embodiments, according to which the textile sheet material according to the invention in the form of a knitted fabric, knitted fabric, scrim or textile composite material, in particular in the form of a nonwoven, is formed. In the context of the present invention, a knitted fabric is preferably a so-called knitwear which comprises yarn systems which are constructed according to the so-called warp thread technique. Characteristic of the knitwear is that it is made by knitting operations, as opposed to woven fabric consisting of warp and weft. The central or binding element of a knitted fabric and thus a knitted fabric is the stitch, which consists of a mesh head, two mesh legs and two mesh feet. In this regard, the fabric fabric of the present invention in the form of a knit fabric may include various bases such as fringe, jersey, cloth, satin, velvet, and atlas. Characteristic of the inventive textile sheet material in the form of a knitted fabric is the fact that the textile sheet material according to the invention in this regard also has at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, which is incorporated into the knitted fabric, or is part of the lapping, so that the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, for example involved in the mesh training. About that In addition, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can also be incorporated in the form of other binding elements in the knitted fabric according to the invention, such as weft, filament yarn, handle and / or floats. The person skilled in the art is able at any time to select both the concrete design and the amount of heat-shrinkable plastic yarn in the knitted fabric according to the invention in order to obtain the desired properties with respect to the shrinkage behavior.

Likewise, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn can be used in the context of heat-shrinkable knits according to the invention. This also applies to nonwovens, which generally have a fiber tangle. In such fabrics, the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn may be incorporated, for example, in the form of wefts or the like.

As far as the actual heat shrinkage of the textile sheet according to the invention, this can be done by a corresponding temperature treatment, the relevant temperature treatment should be carried out in terms of temperature and duration depending on the desired shrinkage behavior and taking into account the materials used. In general, the heat shrinkage at temperatures of 60 to 200 ° C, in particular 80 to 150 ° C, preferably 90 to 140 ° C, preferably 100 to 130 ° C, take place. In particular, the textile sheet material according to the invention should be previously fixed to a support structure, for example a frame.

The textile sheet material according to the invention can thus be heat-shrunk, in which respect the heat shrinkage should be carried out in particular under the abovementioned temperatures.

Accordingly, another object of the present invention - according to a second aspect of the invention - a heat-shrunk textile sheet material, in particular in the form of a textile fabric, with a plurality of yarn systems forming the sheet material, in particular with a plurality of warp threads and a plurality of weft threads. The heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, which is present in particular in the form of a heat-shrunk textile fabric, is characterized characterized in that it comprises at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, wherein the textile sheet material, in particular in the form of a textile fabric, has been heat-shrunk.

For example, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material may be made of the above-described non-shrunk textile sheet material of the invention, in particular, a heat-treatment has been performed. The heat treatment thereof is selected in terms of shrinkage conditions with respect to temperature and time so as to obtain the desired shrinkage of the textile sheet material. The person skilled in the art is always in a position to select the corresponding shrinkage conditions, for example with regard to the shrinkage temperature and the shrinkage duration, depending on the desired shrinkage and the material to be shrunk. In this regard, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, for example - as previously stated - at temperatures of 60 to 200 ° C, in particular 80 to 150 ° C, preferably 90 to 140 ° C, preferably 100 to 130 ° C, have been heat shrunk.

The heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention may, for example, by 1 to 50%, in particular 2 to 40%, preferably 3 to 30%, preferably 4 to 20%, more preferably 5 to 15%, most preferably 5 to 10%, based on the length and / or width in the unc shrunk condition, shrunk.

With regard to the shrunken textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular a compaction of the sheet material results due to the specific shrinking treatment. Thus, for example, with respect to the formation of the shrunken textile sheet material of the invention as shrunken fabric, the weft yarns and / or the warp yarns and / or shrink weft yarns and / or the warp weft yarns may have a reduced distance relative to the non-shrunk fabric around the respective shrinkage , For example, and in a non-limiting manner, with respect to the shrunken fabric, the respective filaments may be spaced at a shrinkage of 10% by about 1.8 times the respective filament diameter, if so the original spacing with respect to the non-shrunk fabric is 2 times the thread diameter. In general, therefore, the weft yarns and / or the warp yarns and / or shrink weft yarns and / or the warp wefts to each adjacent thread with respect to the shrunken fabric according to the invention by 0.05 times to about 3 times the respective thread diameter, based on the shrunken textile Fabric and based on the transverse to the shrinkage direction threads, be spaced apart. Likewise, it is within the scope of the present invention to deviate from the foregoing. It is in the context of the present invention in particular possible to design the shrunken textile fabric according to the invention, for example in the form of a network with a large thread spacing. Thus, the respective weft yarns and / or the warp yarns and / or the shrink weft yarns and / or the warp weft yarns may also be spaced apart 5 times, 10 times or more according to the aforementioned definition. In general, the spacing of the respective threads with respect to the shrunken textile sheet material is to be designed such that a superposition of the threads is avoided during shrinkage, thus in an irregular or "crimped" texture of the textile according to the invention To avoid surface material in the shrunken state.

However, as stated previously, according to the invention, it may nevertheless be desired or necessary in special applications (for example for achieving special optical or application-related effects) that the shrinkage process induces a compression of the thread or yarn arrangement in such a way that the respective threads or yarns, in particular the respective weft threads and / or the respective warp threads in the case of a woven fabric, are pushed or pushed over one another by the heat shrinking process. In this way, for example, curled and / or, as it were, corrugated textile fabrics are produced after the heat shrinking process.

Likewise, the shrunken textile sheet material of the invention, particularly the shrunken textile fabric, has an increased fiber density in the weft direction compared to the non-shrunk state and / or in the warp direction, since the respective threads through the shrinkage process, so to speak in the shrinkage direction with less spacing closer to each other. Thus, for example, the heat-shrunk textile fabric of the present invention, starting from a non-shrunk fabric of the invention having a yarn density of 12 yarns / cm, may have a yarn density of 15 yarns / cm after heat shrinkage.

As for the shrinkage values with respect to the heat-shrunk textile sheet of the invention, they may vary widely and be individually adjusted by selecting the parameters of the shrinkage process. In general, however, it is provided that the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention by 1 to 50%, in particular 2 to 40%, preferably 3 to 30%, preferably 4 to 20%, particularly preferably 5 to 15%, most preferably 5 Up to 10%, based on the length and / or width in the non-shrunk state - that is based on the non-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention - has shrunk. Due to the individual adjustment of the shrinkage, it is thus possible to realize a multiplicity of differently designed textile surface materials according to the invention whose product properties are optimized or tailored with respect to the respective field of application or field of use. So z. B. a high shrinkage can be adjusted when the inventive textile sheet material is to be covered with a carrier with a strong shape.

The inventive heat-shrunk textile sheet material, which is present in particular in the form of a textile fabric, is further characterized in that the heat-shrunk textile sheet material has a sliding resistance (sliding resistance), in particular seam sliding resistance (seam resistance), in each case based on the warp direction or weft direction and according to DIN 53868 , of at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, preferably at least 200 N, particularly preferably at least 300 N, having. Due to the high sliding resistance (sliding resistance), in particular seam sliding resistance (seam pushing resistance), the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention has a high stability or resistance to transverse loads of the threads, so that when subjected to force transverse to the orientation or to the longitudinal direction of the thread results in at least substantially no displacement of the thread transversely to its longitudinal direction. As a result of the high sliding resistance (sliding resistance), in particular seam-pushing resistance (seam pushing resistance), netlike structures with high thread spacing with respect to the inventive heat-shrunk textile sheet material, in particular the heat-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention, can thus also be realized.

Furthermore, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material is characterized by a high tensile strength: Thus, the heat-shrunk textile sheet according to the invention has a tensile strength, in each case based on the warp direction or weft direction and according to EN ISO 13934-1 of at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, preferably at least 800 N, on. As a result, high force loads can be realized, for example when the heat-shrunk textile sheet material is used according to the invention in the context of a seat back or a seat part.

In addition, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention is characterized by a high tear strength: Thus, the heat-shrunk textile sheet material, a tear propagation resistance, in particular with respect to the weft direction and according to EN ISO 13937-3, of at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, preferably at least 80 N, have. As far as the term "tear propagation resistance" is concerned, in the context of the present invention it relates in particular to the tear propagation behavior of the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular incisions, tears, indentations or the like, as may occur, for example, due to excessive mechanical stress. The higher the tear strength, the greater the force which must be applied to cause further rupture of the incision, tear or the like.

Overall, the inventive, heat-shrunk textile sheet material has excellent mechanical properties, which in particular suitable for applications where high load forces occur, for example in the furniture industry in the field of seating or the like.

Another object of the present invention - according to a third aspect of the present invention - is the use of the textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular of the textile fabric, in particular as previously defined with respect to the non-shrunk textile fabric or non-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention for the production of a heat-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention, in particular a heat-shrunk textile fabric, in particular as previously defined with reference to the shrunken textile fabric according to the invention, in particular the heat-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention.

In this regard, to obtain the heat-shrunk fabric of the invention, the non-shrunk fabric of the invention may be heat-shrunk under the heat-shrink conditions previously described, preferably after application to a backing or frame.

Another object of the present invention - according to a fourth aspect of the present invention - is the method for producing a heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular a heat-shrunk textile fabric as defined above, wherein a textile sheet material, in particular a textile fabric, as before defined, shrunk by means of heat treatment. With regard to the specific parameters with regard to the heat treatment to be carried out, reference may be made to the above statements.

As far as the production of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention as such is concerned, it is known per se to those skilled in the art. With regard to the particularly preferred embodiment according to the invention, according to which the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention is designed in the manner of a woven fabric, the woven fabric can be produced on conventional weaving machines using conventional weaving techniques getting produced. With regard to the production, it is possible, for example, to use a weaving machine which, for the formation of a specific thread density, has a specific reed - synonymously also referred to as a woven comb or reed. It is possible that several threads are placed in the respective Rietaufnahme. Thus, for example, a 40 mm reed can be used, which is occupied per Rietaufnahme with three threads. Depending on the desired proportion or desired amount of the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn, a defined number of threads are formed in this regard by the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn (for example, two conventional yarns and one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn per reed pick-up). Such a configuration results in a heat-shrinkable fabric according to the invention having a thread count of 120 threads / 10 cm. Equally, however, it is also possible to use a so-called 50 mm reed, in which case - if the reed holders each have three threads - an inventive, heat-shrinkable textile sheet material with a thread thickness of 150 threads / 10 cm results. By occupying the Rietaufnahmen of the 50 Rietes with only two threads or yarn results in an inventive, heat-shrinkable textile sheet material having a thread density of 100 threads / 10 cm.

What in this connection is the production of the textile sheet material according to the invention according to the embodiment, according to which the heat-shrinkable textile material according to the invention is formed as knitted fabric, knitted fabric or nonwoven composite, the production thereof is also known per se to the person skilled in the art. The equipment of the textile sheet material with at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn takes place against the background of the desired material properties, for example with respect to the desired shrinkage, and the skilled person is able at any time, the relevant amounts and the type of incorporation - for example in the form of floats or the like with respect to knitted fabrics - so that there is no need for further implementation in this respect.

Furthermore, the present invention - according to a fifth aspect of the present invention - relates to the use of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular the heat-shrinkable textile fabric according to the invention, as defined above, and / or the heat-shrunk textile fabric of the invention, in particular the heat-shrunk textile fabric of the invention as hereinbefore defined, in the field of the furniture industry, automotive industry and the like. In principle, the textile sheet materials according to the invention for the purposes of an interior design can to a certain extent be used as an interior or as interior components as well as for the purposes of an exterior design as an exterior or exterior component. For example, the textile sheet materials according to the invention, in particular the textile fabrics according to the invention, are suitable for the production or use as coverings of support structures or elements, such as support frames or the like.

Furthermore, the present invention relates to the use of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular the heat-shrinkable textile fabric according to the invention, as defined above, or the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular the heat-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention, as defined above for the manufacture of furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seat parts, decorative elements, cavity channels, automobile accessories and the like.

In the context of the present invention, the term "seating furniture" is to be understood very broadly. For example, the term "seating furniture" refers to seating or seating elements of all kinds, such as, but not limited to, chairs, deck chairs, loungers, armchairs, sofas, benches, couches, Stool and the like, while the seating can be such that it has the inventive heat-shrinkable or heat-shrunk textile sheet material.

The textile sheet material according to the invention can be fixed to a support structure, which may be formed, for example and in a non-limiting manner, in the form of a frame on which the textile sheet material according to the invention, preferably in heat-shrunk form, is stretched. Such units can then form, for example, the seat and / or the backrest of a chair or the like. Likewise, the textile sheet material according to the invention can be used for deck chairs or loungers.

The basic principle according to the invention consists in first of all fixing or applying the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention to a support. In this case, the support should preferably be arranged at the edge regions of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention or the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention should be fixed at its edges to the support. As described above, the carrier can be, for example, a frame or the like. In this regard, the carrier may be configured such that the textile sheet material according to the invention is fixed to the carrier at all edges. Equally, however, it is within the scope of the present invention, for example, if only the respectively opposite edges of the textile sheet material according to the invention are attached to the carrier. The carrier can also be massive z. B. be in the manner of a plate, where appropriate between the carrier and sheet material further layers, such as foam, can be used. As a result of the heat shrink, the textile sheet material according to the invention is stretched onto the support structure, any folds or the like being smoothed out as it were by the resulting tensile stress.

A further subject of the present invention - according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is also the method for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating elements, preferably backrests and / or seat elements, decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories and the like, wherein the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular the heat-shrinkable fabric, as defined above, is applied to a support, in particular a frame, and subsequently the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material, in particular the heat-shrinkable textile fabric, is heat-shrunk so that it is at least substantially wrinkle-free and preferably self-stressed, reversibly stretchable Covering the support or frame with the heat-shrunk textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular with the heat-shrunk textile fabric according to the invention, as defined above, results.

The fabric is preferably formed such that the stretched and preferably heat-shrunk textile sheet material is not lined or has no additional support layer, for example in the form of a foam or the like. However, as stated above, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and it is equally within the scope of the present invention that the stretched fabric according to the invention, for example, with a seat pad or the like is relined.

A decisive advantage of the method according to the invention is the fact that the carrier or frame structure is covered with the not yet heat-shrunk and thus heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention and the heat shrink is performed as a subsequent step. This eliminates, so to speak, an exact preloading of the frame structure, and with regard to the cutting of the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material can be worked with larger tolerances, which leads to a simplification of production technology while reducing costs. An elaborate stringing, for example, "diagonally across" omitted. In the context of the production of furniture elements, such as seating furniture elements, for example, be moved so that first the frame is covered with the heat-shrinkable fabric according to the invention, then a heat shrink is performed and then the respective frame members having the heat-shrunk textile sheet material to the finished product, such as a chair, especially with the inclusion of other components, be further processed.

Finally, the present invention relates - according to a seventh aspect of the present invention - furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, preferably backrests and / or seat parts, decorative elements, cavity channels, automotive accessories and the like as such, which at least one textile sheet material according to the invention, in particular a textile fabric as defined above and / or comprising at least one heat-shrunk textile sheet material, in particular a heat-shrunk textile fabric as defined above.

In the context of the present invention, a high-performance and flexibly conformable, heat-shrinkable textile sheet material is thus provided overall, which, due to its variability to the given requirements, is suitable for numerous fields of application. In addition, for example, by using special yarns, the material properties of the textile sheet material according to the invention can be further improved or adjusted individually, for example, as regards its tear strength or tensile stress. In this connection, the heat shrinkability can also be adjusted with respect to the respective requirements. For example, it is possible to design the heat-shrinkable textile sheet material according to the invention only in one direction, for example only in the weft direction, heat-shrinkable, which is advantageous, for example, if the textile sheet material is fixed to a support or frame only at two opposite edge regions. Another serious advantage of the present invention is that with regard to the covering of carriers no exact blanks and stitching with respect to the textile sheet material according to the invention are necessary, as by the downstream heat shrink process, a smooth drawing of any wrinkles and the like.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen textilen Flächenmaterials;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen textilen Flächenmaterials gemäß einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen textilen Flächenmaterials gemäß einer noch weiteren Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung.

Further advantageous properties, aspects and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of exemplary embodiments illustrated in the figures. It shows:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a textile sheet material according to the invention;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of the textile sheet material according to the invention according to another embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of the textile sheet material according to the invention according to a still further embodiment of the present invention.

The Fig. 1 to 3 show a preferred embodiment according to the invention, according to which the textile sheet material 1 is formed according to the invention in the form of a textile fabric, wherein the textile fabric yarn systems 2, 3 having a plurality of weft yarns 2 and a plurality of warp yarns 3.

Fig. 1 shows an inventive textile sheet material 1 with a plurality of the textile sheet material 1 forming yarn systems 2, 3. The textile sheet material 1 according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises at least one heat-shrinkable plastic yarn 4a.

Again Fig. 1 it can be seen further, the textile sheet material shrinkage weft threads 4a, which contain the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. According to this embodiment of the invention, the heat-shrinkable textile fabric according to the invention is heat-shrinkable in the weft direction. In a corresponding heat-shrink treatment thus results in a reduction or a reduction in the length of the heat-shrinkable textile fabric according to the invention in the weft direction, in particular, the distance of the warp threads 2 reduces each other.

Fig. 2 A further embodiment according to the invention can be deduced, according to which the heat-shrinkable fabric 1 according to the invention, which is formed as a heat-shrinkable fabric, has shrink-warp threads 4b which contain the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. Thus, according to this embodiment, the textile fabric 1 of the present invention in the form of a fabric has a heat shrinkability with respect to the warp direction, in which case, with a corresponding heat-shrinking treatment, the distance of the wefts 3 is reduced and the fabric is shrunk in the warp direction.

Finally shows Fig. 3 a further embodiment of the invention, according to which the textile fabric 1 according to the invention in the form of a textile fabric has both shrink wefts 4c and shrink warp threads 4d, each containing the heat-shrinkable plastic yarn. According to this embodiment, the textile sheet material according to the invention has shrinkage properties both in the warp and weft directions.

Other Embodiments Variations and variations of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the description and practicable without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. A textile surface material (1) having a plurality of yarn systems (2, 3) forming the textile surface material (1),

   (A) wherein the textile surface material (1) is embodied as a knit fabric, and
   has at least one thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn,
   wherein the synthetic yarn is incorporated into the knit fabric in the form of a binding element, wherein the binding element is a weft, a standing thread, a loop, and/or a floating thread;
   or

   (B) wherein the textile surface material (1) is embodied as a woven fabric,
   Wherein the yarn systems (2, 3) are embodied having a plurality of weft threads (2) and a plurality of warp threads (3),
   wherein the textile surface material (1) in the form of the textile woven fabric has at least one thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn in an amount of 1 to 60% by weight, based on the textile woven fabric,
   wherein the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has

   • a titer of 100 to 3,000 dtex,

   • a thread count strength of 10 to 120 cN/tex at a temperature of 10 to 100°C,

   • a thermal shrinkage of 5 to 50%, based on the length in the non-shrunk condition, and at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, and

   • a shrinkage strength of 100 to 1,000 cN, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, and/or a shrinkage strength of 0.5 to 10 cN/tex, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C,

   and
   wherein the textile surface material (1) in the form of the textile woven fabric additionally has an elastomer and/or rubber portion in the form of elastomer or rubber threads, yarns, or filaments, wherein the portion thereof in reference to the textile surface material according to the invention is overall at least 5% by weight.
2. The textile surface material according to claim 1, characterized in that

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn is embodied as a monofilament or as a multifilament, and/or the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn is embodied as a staple fiber yarn, in particular, wherein the thermally shrinkable staple fiber yarn may comprise a thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn, and optionally at least one additional, non-thermally shrinkable yarn; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has, or consists of a polyester based on phthalate, in particular polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, preferably polyethylene terephthalate; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a diameter in the non-shrunk condition of 0.05 to 1 mm, in particular 0.1 to 0.8 mm, preferably 0.15 to 0.6 mm, more preferred 0.2 to 0.4 mm; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a titer of 100 to 3.000 dtex, in particular 500 to 2.500 dtex, preferably 1.000 to 2.250 dtex, more preferred 1.500 to 2.000 dtex.
3. The textile surface material according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a thread count strength of 10 to 120 cN/tex, in particular 20 to 100 cN/tex, preferably 30 to 80 cN/tex, more preferred 30 to 60 cN/tex, at a temperature of 10 to 100°C, in particular 10 to 50°C, more preferred about 20°C; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a breaking elongation of 2 to 50%, in particular 5 to 40%, preferably 10 to 30%, more preferred 10 to 20%, at a temperature of 10 to 100°C, in particular 10 to 50°C, preferably about 20°C; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a thermal shrinkage of 5 to 50%, in particular 10 to 40%, preferably 15 to 30%, more preferred 20 to 25%, based on the length in the non-shrunk condition, and at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, in particular 160 to 200°C, preferably about 180°C; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a thermal shrinkage of 1 to 30%, in particular 2 to 20%, preferably 5 to 15%, more preferred 5 to 10%, based on the length in the non-shrunk condition, and at a temperature of 60 to 140°C, in particular 80 to 120°C, preferably about 100°C; and/or

   • the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a shrinkage strength of 100 to 1.000 cN, in particular 200 to 900 cN, preferably 300 to 800 cN, more preferred 400 to 600 cN, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, in particular 160 to 200°C, preferably about 180°C, and/or the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has a shrinkage strength of 0.5 to 10 cN/tex, in particular 1 to 5 cN/tex, preferably 1.5 to 4 cN/tex, more preferred 2 to 3.5 cN/tex, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, in particular 160 to 200°C, preferably about 180°C.
4. The textile surface material according to one or more of the previous claims, characterized in that the portion of the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn is 1 to 60% by weight, in particular 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 4 to 40% by weight, more preferred 5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferred 6 to 20% by weight, most preferred 8 to 10% by weight, based on the textile surface material.
5. The textile surface material according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

   • the knit fabric is a knitted fabric, wherein the yarn systems (2, 3) are set up according to warp thread technology; and/or

   • the knit fabric is a knitted fabric, wherein the knitted fabric is produced by means of stitch forming processes; and/or

   • the knit fabric comprises various basic arrangements, which are selected from the group of fringe, stockinette, flourish, satin, velvet, and atlas.
6. The textile surface material according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that

   • the textile surface material (1) in the form of a textile knit fabric has shrinking weft threads (4a), containing the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn; and/or

   • the textile surface material (1) in the form of a textile knit fabric has shrinking warp threads (4b), containing the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn; and/or

   • the textile surface material (1) in the form of a textile knit fabric has shrinking weft threads (4c) and shrinking warp threads (4d), each containing the shrinkable synthetic yarn; and/or

   • the textile surface material (1) in the form of a textile knit fabric comprises the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn in an amount from 1 to 60% by weight, in particular 2 to 50% by weight, preferably 4 to 40% by weight, more preferred 5 to 30% by weight, particularly preferred 6 to 20% by weight, most preferred 8 to 10% by weight, based on the textile knit fabric; and/or

   • in weft direction of the textile surface material (1) being embodied as knit fabric, each second to tenth weft thread is a shrinking weft thread (4a, 4c), and/or in warp direction of the textile knit fabric (1), each second to tenth warp thread is a shrinkable warp thread (4b, 4d).
7. A thermally shrunk textile surface material (1'), comprising a plurality of yarn systems (2, 3) forming the surface material (1'),

   (A) wherein the textile surface material (1) is embodied as a knit fabric, and
   wherein the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has been thermally shrunk, wherein the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has at least one thermally shrunk synthetic yarn,
   wherein the synthetic yarn in the form of a binding element has been incorporated into the knit fabric, wherein the binding element is a weft, a standing thread, a loop, and/or a floating thread;
   or

   (B) wherein the textile surface material (1) is embodied as a woven fabric,
   wherein the yarn systems (2, 3) are embodied comprising a plurality of weft threads (2), and a plurality of warp threads (3),
   wherein the textile surface material (1) in the form of the textile woven fabric comprises at least one thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn in an amount of 1 to 60%, based on the textile woven fabric,
   wherein the thermally shrinkable synthetic yarn has

   • a titer of 100 to 3,000 dtex,

   • a thread count strength of 10 to 120 cN/tex at a temperature of 10 to 100°C,

   • a thermal shrinkage of 5 to 50%, based on the length in the non-shrunk condition, and at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, and

   • a shrinkage strength of 100 to 1,000 cN, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C, and/or a shrinkage strength of 0.5 to 10 cN/tex, at a temperature of 140 to 240°C,

   and
   wherein the textile surface material (1) in the form of the textile woven fabric additionally has an elastomer and/or rubber portion in the form of elastomer or rubber threads, yarns, or filaments, wherein the portion thereof in reference to the textile surface material according to the invention is overall at least 5% by weight.
8. The thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to claim 7, characterized in that the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has been shrunk by 1 to 50%, in particular 2 to 40%, preferably 3 to 30%, more preferred 4 to 20%, particularly preferred 5 to 15%, most preferred 5 to 10%, based on the length, and/or width, in the non-shrunk condition.
9. The thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has a slice resistance, in particular a seam slide resistance, of at least 50 N, in particular at least 100 N, preferably at least 150 N, more preferred at least 200 N, particularly preferred at least 300 N, and/or the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has a tensile strength of at least 300 N, in particular at least 400 N, preferably at least 600 N, more preferred at least 800 N, and/or the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') has a tear propagation resistance of at least 30 N, in particular at least 40 N, preferably at least 60 N, more preferred at least 80 N.
10. A use of a textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6 for creating a thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9.
11. A method for the production of a thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9, wherein a textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6 is shrunk by means of thermal treatment.
12. The use of a thermally shrinkable textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, and/or of a thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9, in the field of the furniture industry, automobile industry, and the like.
13. The use of a thermally shrinkable textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, and/or of a thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9, for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, preferably back rests and/or seating parts, decorative elements, hollow space channels, automobile accessories, and the like.
14. A method for the production of furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, preferably back rests and/or seating elements, decorative elements, hollow space channels, automobile accessories, and the like, wherein a thermally shrinkable textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6 is applied onto a carrier, in particular a frame, and the textile surface material (1) is subsequently thermally shrunk such that an at least essentially wrinkle-free, reversibly elastic cover of the carrier structure, preferably comprising residual stress, having the thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9 is the result.
15. Furniture elements, in particular seating furniture elements, preferably back rests, and/or seating components, decorative elements, hollow space channels, automobile accessories, and the like, comprising at least one thermally shrinkable textile surface material (1) according to one of the claims 1 to 6, and/or comprising at least one thermally shrunk textile surface material (1') according to one of the claims 7 to 9.

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