WO2016134669A1 - 晶闸管驱动装置 - Google Patents

晶闸管驱动装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016134669A1
WO2016134669A1 PCT/CN2016/074669 CN2016074669W WO2016134669A1 WO 2016134669 A1 WO2016134669 A1 WO 2016134669A1 CN 2016074669 W CN2016074669 W CN 2016074669W WO 2016134669 A1 WO2016134669 A1 WO 2016134669A1
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Prior art keywords
thyristor
transistor
circuit
capacitor
resistor
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PCT/CN2016/074669
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭桥石
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广州市金矢电子有限公司
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Application filed by 广州市金矢电子有限公司 filed Critical 广州市金矢电子有限公司
Priority to EP16754778.5A priority Critical patent/EP3255794B1/en
Publication of WO2016134669A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016134669A1/zh
Priority to US15/686,767 priority patent/US10236879B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/56—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices
    • H03K17/72—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region
    • H03K17/725—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used by the use, as active elements, of semiconductor devices having more than two PN junctions; having more than three electrodes; having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region for ac voltages or currents
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
    • H03K17/78—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used using opto-electronic devices, i.e. light-emitting and photoelectric devices electrically- or optically-coupled
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
    • H03K19/01—Modifications for accelerating switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/30—Modifications for providing a predetermined threshold before switching
    • H03K2017/307—Modifications for providing a predetermined threshold before switching circuits simulating a diode, e.g. threshold zero

Definitions

  • the thyristor driving device of the invention belongs to the field of electricity, in particular to a thyristor driving device suitable for driving a thyristor in an alternating current grid.
  • thyristor driving device is driven by a transformer isolation drive or a high-voltage electronic switch, which has the following disadvantages:
  • Transformer isolation drive The thyristor drive signal is provided by the transformer. It requires a pulse signal generation circuit, a transformer drive circuit, a transformer, a rectifier circuit, and a capacitive load caused by a pulsed duty cycle. The capacitive load is connected to a large inrush current and high frequency pollution. Shortcomings such as large space and low cost performance.
  • High-voltage electronic switch drive The thyristor drive signal is driven by the main circuit of the thyristor through a resistor, a high-voltage electronic switch (such as a high-voltage optocoupler such as MOC3083) to the trigger pole of the thyristor, and the high-voltage electronic switch is subjected to a higher voltage and is required in a 380V system.
  • a high-voltage electronic switch such as a high-voltage optocoupler such as MOC3083
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a thyristor driving device that does not require a transformer trigger, does not require a high voltage electronic switch, has a small footprint, is simple in circuit, has a large instantaneous trigger current, is cost-effective, and has low energy consumption, in view of the deficiencies of the existing thyristor driving device. .
  • a thyristor driving device includes a non-isolated power supply circuit and a throttle circuit, and one end of a power input end of the non-isolated power supply circuit is connected to a first end of a thyristor to be driven, the power input The other end of the end is for connection with another phase power or neutral line with respect to the first end, the non-isolated power supply circuit passing through the throttling circuit, the second end of the thyristor, the first The terminal forms a trigger signal loop, and the control terminal of the throttle circuit is connected to the third end of the thyristor.
  • a thyristor driving device the throttling circuit detecting that a potential difference between the third end and the first end is greater than a voltage drop of the thyristor being turned on, and triggering a trigger signal of the thyristor, the section
  • the flow circuit detects that the thyristor is turned on and turns off the trigger signal.
  • a thyristor driving device the non-isolated power supply circuit includes a current limiting component, a unidirectional conduction device, a capacitor, a voltage stabilizing device, the current limiting component, the unidirectional conduction device, and the capacitor are connected in series Into a first series circuit, the first One end of the series circuit is connected to the first end, and the other end of the first series circuit is connected to the another phase power source or the neutral line, and the capacitor is connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing device Or a series circuit in which the capacitor is connected in series with the unidirectional conduction device is connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing device.
  • a thyristor driving device has a current through the current limiting element that is less than a minimum trigger current required to trigger the thyristor to conduct.
  • a thyristor driving device is a Zener diode
  • the unidirectional conductive device is a diode
  • the current limiting component is a resistor
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a fourth resistor connected in series in a discharge loop of the capacitor.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein the capacitor forms a discharge loop through the throttling circuit, the second end, and the first end.
  • the thyristor is a unidirectional thyristor
  • the first end is a cathode of the unidirectional thyristor
  • the second end is a trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor
  • the third end is a
  • the throttling circuit includes a second resistor, a first semiconductor switch, and a control end of the first semiconductor switch is connected to an anode of the unidirectional thyristor through the second resistor
  • the capacitor A discharge loop is formed by the first semiconductor switch, the trigger pole, and the cathode.
  • a thyristor driving device the throttling circuit detecting that a positive potential difference between an anode of the unidirectional thyristor and a cathode of the unidirectional thyristor is greater than a voltage drop of the unidirectional thyristor being turned on, the first The semiconductor switch is turned on, the throttling circuit detects that the unidirectional thyristor is turned on, and the first semiconductor switch is turned off.
  • a thyristor driving device the first semiconductor switch is an NPN type triode, an NPN type Darlington tube or an NPN type Darlington circuit.
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a third resistor, a collector of the triode serving as a trigger signal input end of the unidirectional thyristor, an emitter of the triode being connected to the trigger pole, and a base of the triode
  • the second resistor is connected, and two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected to an emitter of the transistor and a base of the transistor.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein the current limiting element is connected to the unidirectional conduction device, and the other phase power source or the neutral line passes through the current limiting component, and the unidirectional conduction device pairs the capacitor To charge, a forward charging end of the capacitor is connected to the trigger pole through the first semiconductor switch, and the other end of the capacitor is used to connect to a cathode of the unidirectional thyristor.
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a second semiconductor switch for controlling discharge of the capacitor.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein the second semiconductor switch is a photocoupler or a photocoupled driving transistor circuit.
  • a thyristor driving device a cathode of the unidirectional conduction device is connected to a forward charging end of the capacitor, an anode of the unidirectional conduction device is connected to a cathode of the unidirectional thyristor, and one end of the current limiting element Connected to the other end of the capacitor, the other end of the current limiting element is connected to the other phase power source or the neutral line, and the positive charging end of the capacitor Connected to the trigger pole through the first semiconductor switch, a series circuit in which the capacitor is connected in series with the unidirectional conduction device is connected in parallel with an output end of the second semiconductor switch.
  • a thyristor driving device an output end of the second semiconductor switch being connected to a control end of the first semiconductor switch.
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a second Zener diode, wherein the second resistor is connected to the first semiconductor switch control terminal through an output end of the second semiconductor switch, and an anode of the second Zener diode
  • the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor is connected, and the common end of the second resistor connected to the second semiconductor switch is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode.
  • a thyristor driving device the thyristor is a bidirectional thyristor, the first end is a first anode of the triac, the second end is a trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor, and the third end is the The second anode of the triac.
  • a thyristor driving device the throttling circuit includes a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, and a second resistor; an output circuit of the first transistor is connected in series in a trigger circuit of the triac, An input end of the two transistors is connected in anti-parallel with the input end of the third transistor to form a parallel circuit, and one end of the parallel circuit is connected to the second anode through the second resistor, and the other end of the parallel circuit is The first anode is connected, and an output end of the second transistor and an output end of the third transistor are connected to a control end of the first transistor.
  • a thyristor driving device a collector of the first transistor, an emitter of the first transistor being connected in series in a trigger circuit of the triac, an emitter of the second transistor and a base of the third transistor a pole connection, a base of the second transistor is connected to an emitter of the third transistor, a collector of the second transistor, a collector of the third transistor is connected to a base of the first transistor, The base of the second transistor is connected to the first anode, and the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the second anode through the second resistor.
  • a thyristor driving device the first transistor is an NPN type transistor, the second transistor and the third transistor are PNP type transistors, and a collector of the first transistor is connected to the trigger pole.
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a third resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor, wherein two ends of the third resistor are respectively connected to a base of the first transistor and an emitter of the first transistor, The two ends of the fifth resistor are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor and the emitter of the second transistor, and the base of the first transistor passes through the collector of the sixth resistor and the second transistor The collector of the third transistor is connected.
  • a thyristor driving device the second resistor being connected in series with at least one semiconductor device.
  • a thyristor driving device the semiconductor device being a light emitting diode.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein the current limiting element is connected to the unidirectional conduction device, and the other phase power source or the neutral line passes through the current limiting element, and the unidirectional conduction device is negative for the capacitance
  • a negative charging terminal of the capacitor is connected to the trigger pole through the first transistor, and the other end of the capacitor is connected to the first anode.
  • a thyristor driving device further includes a second semiconductor switch for controlling discharge of the capacitor.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein the second semiconductor switch is a photocoupler or a photocoupler driving transistor Circuit.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein a control end of the first transistor is connected to an output end of the second transistor and an output end of the third transistor through an output end of the second semiconductor switch.
  • a thyristor driving device wherein a negative charging end of the capacitor is connected to an anode of the unidirectional conduction device, one end of the current limiting element is connected to the other end of the capacitor, and the other end of the current limiting element is The other phase power source or the neutral line is connected, the negative charging end of the capacitor is connected to the trigger pole through the first transistor, and the cathode of the unidirectional conduction device is connected to the first anode And a series circuit in which the capacitor is connected in series with the unidirectional conduction device is connected in parallel with an output end of the second semiconductor switch.
  • the invention has reasonable design, and uses the power supply of the grid to provide a non-isolated power supply circuit working power.
  • the non-isolated power supply circuit forms a trigger signal loop through the throttling circuit, the second end of the thyristor, and the first end of the thyristor, and the control end of the throttling circuit Connected to the third end of the thyristor, the conduction state of the thyristor is detected by a throttling circuit, and the throttling circuit detects that the potential difference between the third end of the thyristor and the first end of the thyristor is greater than the voltage drop of the thyristor conduction,
  • the trigger signal of the thyristor, the throttling circuit detects that the thyristor is turned on, turns off the trigger signal of the thyristor, and only needs a very short time to complete the triggering process of the thyristor, and has no transformer, no high-voltage electronic
  • Figure 1 is a circuit schematic diagram of an embodiment of a thyristor driving device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a circuit schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the thyristor driving device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a circuit schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the thyristor driving device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the fourth embodiment of the thyristor driving device of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a photocoupler drive transistor circuit.
  • Embodiment 1 of the thyristor driving device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 1:
  • a thyristor driving device comprising a non-isolated power supply circuit (A), a throttling circuit (B), a terminal J1 of a power input end of a non-isolated power supply circuit (A) and a cathode of a unidirectional thyristor SCR1 to be driven (
  • the first end of the thyristor is connected, the other end of the power input terminal J4 is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power supply with respect to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1), and the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) is throttled
  • the circuit (B), the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (the second end of the thyristor), the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 form a trigger signal loop, the control terminal of the throttle circuit (B) and the anode of the thyristor SCR1 (the thyristor
  • Non-isolated power supply circuit (A) It includes current limiting component R1 (a resistor), unidirectional conduction device D1 (a diode), capacitor C1, voltage regulator device Z1 (a Zener diode), and fourth resistor R4 (when When the capacitor C1 discharge circuit has a current limiting component, it can be omitted), the current limiting component R1, the unidirectional conduction device D1, and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a first series circuit, and one end J1 of the first series circuit is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • current limiting component R1 a resistor
  • unidirectional conduction device D1 a diode
  • capacitor C1 voltage regulator device Z1 (a Zener diode)
  • fourth resistor R4 when When the capacitor C1 discharge circuit has a current limiting component, it can be omitted
  • the current limiting component R1, the unidirectional conduction device D1, and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a first
  • the other end of the first series circuit J4 is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power supply with respect to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1), the current limiting element R1 is connected to the one-way conduction device D1, and the neutral end of the J4 terminal
  • the line is positively charged to the capacitor C1 through the current limiting element R1 and the unidirectional conduction device D1.
  • the forward charging end of the capacitor C1 passes through the fourth resistor R4, the first semiconductor switch Q1 of the throttle circuit (B) and the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the trigger pole is connected, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the series circuit of the capacitor C1 and the one-way conduction device D1 is connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing device Z1 (the capacitor C1 and the voltage stabilizing device Z1 may be directly connected in parallel , the current limit component R1 energy consumption is halved, but single guide D1 required to improve device breakdown voltage).
  • Throttle circuit (B) comprising a second resistor R2, a first semiconductor switch Q1 (an NPN type transistor, an NPN type Darlington tube, an NPN type Darlington circuit), a third resistor R3, a second Zener diode Z2, a second semiconductor switch OPT1 (a photocoupler), a control terminal (base) of the first semiconductor switch Q1 passes through an output end of the second semiconductor switch OPT1, a second resistor R2 and a unidirectional thyristor SCR1
  • the anode is connected, the anode of the second Zener diode Z2 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the common terminal of the second resistor R2 and the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is connected to the cathode of the second Zener diode Z2, and the third resistor R3 is connected.
  • the two ends are respectively connected to the base of the first semiconductor switch Q1 and the emitter of the first semiconductor switch Q1, and the capacitor C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) passes through the fourth resistor R4 (when the capacitor C1 discharges the circuit with the current limiting element)
  • the first semiconductor switch Q1, the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 form a discharge loop, and the discharge current of the discharge loop is a trigger signal of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, where the first semiconductor switch Q1 is One
  • the collector of the transistor Q1 acts as the trigger signal input end of the thyristor SCR1, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the base of the transistor Q1 passes through the output end of the second semiconductor switch OPT1.
  • Two resistors R2 are connected.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is used to control the discharge of the capacitor C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A).
  • the discharge loop control of the capacitor C1 is not required, it can be omitted, and the second Zener diode Z2 can also be omitted.
  • the thyristor driving the reverse parallel power diode is taken as an example.
  • the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected in parallel with the power diode DA, the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is powered on, and the J1 terminal has a potential difference to the J4 terminal.
  • the charging current charges the capacitor C1 through the current limiting element R1 and the one-way conduction device D1.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is provided with a control signal
  • the throttle circuit (B) detects
  • the positive potential difference between the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is greater than the voltage drop of the thyristor SCR1
  • the first semiconductor switch Q1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 passes through the fourth resistor R4, the first semiconductor switch Q1, the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the cathode discharge of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 trigger the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 to have no inrush current conduction
  • the throttling circuit (B) detects the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 turned on, the first semi-conduct
  • Embodiment 2 of the thyristor driving device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 2:
  • a thyristor driving device comprising a non-isolated power supply circuit (A), a throttling circuit (B), a terminal J1 of a power input end of a non-isolated power supply circuit (A) and a cathode of a unidirectional thyristor SCR1 to be driven (
  • the first end of the thyristor is connected, the other end of the power input terminal J4 is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power supply with respect to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1), and the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) is throttled
  • the circuit (B), the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (the second end of the thyristor), the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 form a trigger signal loop, the control terminal J3 of the throttle circuit (B) and the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 (th
  • Non-isolated power supply circuit (A) It includes a current limiting component R1 (a resistor), a unidirectional conduction device D1 (a diode), a capacitor C1, and a fourth resistor R4 (when the capacitor C1 discharge loop has a current limiting component, Omitted), the second semiconductor switch OPT1 (for a photocoupler driving transistor circuit, the driving current can be used with a photocoupler for an hour), the current limiting component R1, the capacitor C1, and the unidirectional conduction device D1 are connected in series to form a first series connection.
  • a current limiting component R1 a resistor
  • D1 a diode
  • R4 when the capacitor C1 discharge loop has a current limiting component, Omitted
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 for a photocoupler driving transistor circuit, the driving current can be used with a photocoupler for an hour
  • the current limiting component R1, the capacitor C1, and the unidirectional conduction device D1 are connected in series to form a first series connection.
  • one end J1 of the first series circuit is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the other end J4 of the first series circuit is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power source with respect to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1)
  • the cathode of the unidirectional conduction device D1 is connected to the forward charging end of the capacitor C1
  • one end of the current limiting element R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1
  • the other end of the current limiting element R1 is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another Phase power supply)
  • the anode of the unidirectional conduction device D1 is connected to the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1
  • the forward charging end of the capacitor C1 passes through the fourth resistor R4, the first semiconductor switch Q1 of the throttle circuit (B) and the unidirectional thyristor
  • Throttle circuit (B) comprising a second resistor R2, a first semiconductor switch Q1 (an NPN type transistor, an NPN type Darlington tube, an NPN type Darlington circuit), and a third resistor R3,
  • the control terminal (base) of the first semiconductor switch Q1 is connected to the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 through the second resistor R2, and the two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively coupled to the base of the first semiconductor switch Q1 and the emission of the first semiconductor switch Q1.
  • the pole connection C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) passes through the fourth resistor R4, the first semiconductor switch Q1, the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the non-isolated power supply circuit (A)
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 forms a discharge circuit, and the discharge current of the discharge circuit is a trigger signal of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the first semiconductor switch Q1 is a triode, and the collector of the triode Q1 serves as a trigger signal input end of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the triode The emitter of Q1 is connected to the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the base of the transistor Q1 is connected to the second resistor R2.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is used to control the discharge of the capacitor C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) when the discharge loop control of the capacitor C1 is not required, and the throttle circuit (B) is placed at the position of the second semiconductor switch OPT1 Can omit the second Semiconductor switch OPT1. Note: At this time, the internal circuit of the throttling circuit (B) only needs to be slightly modified.
  • the thyristor driving the reverse parallel power diode is taken as an example.
  • the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is connected in parallel with the power diode DA, the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is powered on, and the J1 terminal has a potential difference to the J4 terminal.
  • the charging current charges the capacitor C1 to the voltage regulator Z1 through the current limiting component R1 and the unidirectional pass device D1.
  • the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 are reversed.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 When the voltage peak is set, the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is turned on, and the throttle circuit (B) detects that the positive potential difference between the anode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 and the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1 is greater than that of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1.
  • the voltage drop, the first semiconductor switch Q1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 is discharged through the fourth resistor R4, the first semiconductor switch Q1, the trigger pole of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, the cathode of the unidirectional thyristor SCR1, and the output end of the second semiconductor switch OPT1.
  • the trigger unidirectional thyristor SCR1 has no inrush current conduction, and the throttling circuit (B) detects that the unidirectional thyristor is turned on, the first semiconductor switch Q1 is turned off, and is guided in the next unidirectional thyristor SCR1 Repeat the above work process by half wave.
  • the parallel power diode DA when the parallel power diode DA is changed to an anti-parallel unidirectional thyristor, only one thyristor driving device of the invention may be added, wherein the second resistor R2 can be multiplexed, and the single-phase load is used. At the J4 end, connect another phase power supply.
  • Embodiment 3 of the thyristor driving device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 3:
  • a thyristor driving device comprising a non-isolated power supply circuit (A), a throttling circuit (B), a first end J1 of a power input end of a non-isolated power supply circuit (A) and a first anode of a bidirectional thyristor TR1 to be driven (the first end of the thyristor) is connected, and the other end J4 of the power input terminal is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power source of the first anode of the triac TR1), and the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) is passed
  • the throttling circuit (B), the trigger pole of the triac TR1 (the second end of the thyristor), the first anode of the triac TR1 form a trigger signal loop, the control end of the throttling circuit (B) and the second anode of the triac TR1 (the third end of the thyristor) is connected; the throttle circuit (B) detects that
  • Non-isolated power supply circuit (A) It includes current limiting component R1 (a resistor), unidirectional conduction device D1 (a diode), capacitor C1, voltage regulator device Z1 (a Zener diode), and fourth resistor R4 (when When the capacitor C1 discharge circuit has a current limiting component, it can be omitted), the current limiting component R1, the one-way conduction device D1, and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a first series circuit, one end J1 of the first series circuit and the first anode of the triac TR1 Connected, the other end J4 of the first series circuit is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power supply with respect to the first anode of the triac TR1), and the current limiting element R1 is connected to the one-way conduction device D1, J4 end
  • the connected power supply negatively charges the capacitor C1 through the current limiting component R1 and the one-way conducting device D1.
  • the negative charging terminal of the capacitor C1 passes through the fourth resistor R4, the first transistor Q1 of the throttle circuit (B) and the triac TR1.
  • the trigger pole is connected, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the first anode of the triac TR1, and the capacitor C1 is connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing device Z1 (the series circuit of the capacitor C1 and the one-way conduction device D1 in series may be connected in parallel with the voltage stabilizing device Z1) , single-conductor device D1
  • the withstand voltage requirement is reduced, and the energy consumption of the current limiting element R1 is doubled).
  • Throttle circuit (B) it includes a first transistor Q1 (an NPN type transistor), a second transistor Q2 (a PNP type transistor), a third transistor Q3 (a PNP type transistor), a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3, fifth resistor R5, sixth resistor R6, semiconductor device LD1 (light emitting diode), second semiconductor switch OPT1; the output circuit of the first transistor Q1 is connected in series in the trigger circuit of the triac TR1, and the input end of the second transistor Q2 Parallel in parallel with the input terminal of the third transistor Q3 to form a parallel circuit, one end of the parallel circuit is connected to the second anode of the triac TR1 through the semiconductor device LD1 and the second resistor R2, and the other end of the parallel circuit is connected to the triac TR1
  • the first anode is connected, the collector (output) of the second transistor Q2, and the collector (output) of the third transistor Q3 pass through the second semiconductor switch OPT1, the sixth resistor R6 and the base of the
  • Both ends of the fifth resistor R5 are connected to the base of the second transistor Q2 and the emitter of the second transistor Q2, respectively.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is used to control the discharge of the capacitor C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) (the second semiconductor switch OPT1 can be omitted when the discharge loop control of the capacitor C1 is not required), and the semiconductor device LD1 is used for improving the throttling
  • the circuit (B) detects the stability of the potential difference between the first anode and the second anode of the triac TR1, and the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are used to improve the anti-interference ability of the circuit.
  • the first anode of the triac TR1 is powered on, the potential difference exists between the J1 terminal and the J4 terminal, and the charging current is charged to the voltage regulator device Z1 through the current limiting component R1 and the single-pass device D1 to the voltage regulator Z1.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is provided with a conduction control signal, and the throttle circuit (B) detects the triac TR1.
  • the potential difference between the second anode and the first anode of the triac TR1 is greater than the voltage drop of the bidirectional thyristor TR1.
  • the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 passes through the first anode of the triac TR1 and the trigger pole of the triac TR1.
  • the first transistor Q1 and the fourth resistor R4 are discharged, triggering the triac thyristor TR1 to have no inrush current conduction, the throttling circuit (B) detects that the triac TR1 is turned on, the first transistor Q1 is turned off, and the half transistor is turned on in the next triac TR1. Repeat the above work process.
  • Embodiment 4 of the thyristor driving device of the present invention is as shown in FIG. 4:
  • a thyristor driving device comprising a non-isolated power supply circuit (A), a throttling circuit (B), a first end J1 of a power input end of a non-isolated power supply circuit (A) and a first anode of a bidirectional thyristor TR1 to be driven (the first end of the thyristor) is connected, and the other end J4 of the power input terminal is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power source of the first anode of the triac TR1), and the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) is passed
  • the throttling circuit (B), the trigger pole of the triac TR1 (the second end of the thyristor), the first anode of the triac TR1 form a trigger signal loop, and the throttling circuit (B)
  • the control terminal is connected to the second anode of the triac TR1 (the third end of the thyristor); the throttle circuit (B) detects
  • Non-isolated power supply circuit (A) It includes current limiting component R1 (a resistor), unidirectional conduction device D1 (a diode), capacitor C1, voltage regulator device Z1 (a Zener diode), and fourth resistor R4 (when When the capacitor C1 discharge circuit has a current limiting component, it can be omitted), the second semiconductor switch OPT1 (a photocoupler), the current limiting component R1, the unidirectional conduction device D1, and the capacitor C1 are connected in series to form a first series circuit, the first series connection One end J1 of the circuit is connected to the first anode of the triac TR1, and the other end J4 of the first series circuit is connected to the neutral line (may also be connected to another phase power supply with respect to the first anode of the triac TR1), the capacitor C1 The negative charging terminal is connected to the anode of the one-way conduction device D1, one end of the current limiting element R1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C1, and the other end J4 of the current
  • the negative charging terminal of the capacitor C1 is connected to the trigger pole of the triac TR1 through the fourth resistor R4 and the first transistor Q1 of the throttle circuit (B).
  • the cathode is connected to the first anode of the triac TR1 ,
  • the output end of the capacitor C1 and D1 unidirectional conducting device connected in series with the series circuit of the second semiconductor switch connected in parallel OPT1, Zl regulator device series circuit in parallel capacitor C1 and a unidirectional conducting device connected in series in D1.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is used to control the discharge of the capacitor C1 of the non-isolated power supply circuit (A) when the discharge loop control of the capacitor C1 is not required, and the throttle circuit (B) is placed at the position of the second semiconductor switch OPT1
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 can be omitted. Note: At this time, the internal circuit of the throttling circuit (B) only needs to be slightly modified.
  • Throttle circuit (B) it includes a first transistor Q1 (an NPN type transistor), a second transistor Q2 (a PNP type transistor), a third transistor Q3 (a PNP type transistor), a second resistor R2, and a third resistor R3, fifth resistor R5, sixth resistor R6, semiconductor device LD1 (light emitting diode); the output circuit of the first transistor Q1 is connected in series in the trigger circuit of the triac TR1, and the input terminal of the second transistor Q2 is input to the third transistor Q3.
  • the parallel connection is connected in parallel to form a parallel circuit.
  • One end of the parallel circuit is connected to the second anode of the triac TR1 through the semiconductor device LD1 and the second resistor R2, and the other end of the parallel circuit is connected to the first anode of the triac TR1.
  • the collector (output) of the second transistor Q2 and the collector (output) of the third transistor Q3 are connected to the base (control terminal) of the first transistor Q1 via the sixth resistor R6, and the collector of the first transistor Q1,
  • the emitter of one transistor Q1 is connected in series in the trigger loop of the triac TR1, the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the base of the third transistor Q3, and the base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the emitter of the third transistor Q3.
  • the base of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the first anode, and the emitter of the second transistor Q2 is connected to the second anode of the triac TR1 through the semiconductor device LD1 and the second resistor R2.
  • the collector of the first transistor Q1 and the triac TR1 The triggering pole is connected, the two ends of the third resistor R3 are respectively connected to the base of the first transistor Q1 and the emitter of the first transistor Q1, and the two ends of the fifth resistor R5 are respectively connected to the base of the second transistor Q2 and the second The emitter of transistor Q2 is connected.
  • the semiconductor device LD1 is used to improve the stability of the potential difference between the first anode and the second anode of the triac TR1, and the third resistor R3 and the fifth resistor R5 are used to improve the anti-interference ability of the circuit.
  • the second semiconductor switch OPT1 is provided with a control signal, and the throttle circuit (B) detects
  • the potential difference between the second anode of the triac TR1 and the first anode of the triac TR1 is greater than the voltage drop of the bidirectional thyristor TR1, the first transistor Q1 is turned on, and the capacitor C1 passes through the second semiconductor switch OPT1 and the triac TR1.
  • the voltage regulation value of the voltage regulator device Z1 can be set to about 20V, and the capacitance value of the capacitor can be set to about 100 microfarads.
  • the discharge current of the capacitor is sufficient to satisfy the instantaneous trigger current of the thyristor, and the current limiting component R1 can be used.
  • the resistance, the current through the current limiting component R1 can be much smaller than the minimum trigger current required to trigger the thyristor (single thyristor or triac) (generally the trigger current of the tens of ampere thyristors is tens of milliamps)
  • the current-limiting component R1 can have a relatively large resistance value, and the operating current can be set to 1 milliamperometer (sufficient to drive a few hundred amperes of thyristors), even if the operating voltage is 380V according to 1 milliamperes, the current limiting component R1 works.
  • the consumption is only 0.38W, when the working voltage is 220V, the current consumption component R1 consumes only 0.22W; the current limiting component R1 can also use a capacitor instead, or a resistor and a capacitor series circuit, the working principle is the same, Within the scope of this patent protection.
  • the photocoupler or a photocoupler driving transistor circuit (see FIG. 5) used in the above embodiment may be selected as needed.
  • the other end of the power supply connected to the thyristor drive of the present invention relative to the first end of the thyristor is also defined as a neutral line, when used in three-phase power
  • the first inventive thyristor driving device can be connected to the other phase power source of the first inventive thyristor driving device through the second inventive thyristor driving device of the other phase.
  • the thyristor driving device of the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the trigger signal of the thyristor is directly provided by the AC grid through the current limiting component, no transformer, no high-voltage electronic switch, high reliability, simple circuit, small footprint, and high cost performance.
  • Capacitor energy storage trigger mode is adopted to detect the conduction state of the thyristor through the throttling circuit, detect the thyristor conduction, and immediately turn off the capacitor discharge, and only need a very short time to complete the triggering process of the thyristor, and has a large instantaneous output current.
  • the triggering capability is strong, and the current of the current limiting component is much smaller than the minimum triggering current for triggering the thyristor to be turned on, and the working energy consumption is low.

Abstract

一种适合在交流电网中驱动晶闸管的晶闸管驱动装置，其包括一非隔离式供电电路（A）、一节流电路（B），所述非隔离式供电电路（A）的电源输入端的一端（J1）用于与所需驱动的晶闸管的第一端连接，所述电源输入端的另一端（J4）用于与相对于所述第一端的另一相电源或中性线连接，所述非隔离式供电电路（A）通过所述节流电路（B）、所述晶闸管的第二端、所述第一端形成触发信号回路，所述节流电路（B）的控制端用于与所述晶闸管的第三端连接，所述晶闸管驱动装置具有占用空间小、电路简单、瞬间触发电流大、能耗低的优点。

Description

晶闸管驱动装置 技术领域
本发明晶闸管驱动装置属于电学领域,特别是一种适合在交流电网中驱动晶闸管的晶闸管驱动装置。
背景技术
目前在交流电网中，使用晶闸管对电力电容、电机、发热元件进行控制的应用越来越广泛，其晶闸管驱动装置采用变压器隔离驱动或高压电子开关驱动，其存在以下缺点：
1.变压器隔离驱动：晶闸管驱动信号由变压器提供，需要脉冲信号发生电路、变压器驱动电路、变压器、整流电路，存在脉冲占空比带来的触发盲区导致的电容负载接通涌流大、高频污染、占用空间大及性价比低等缺点。
2.高压电子开关驱动：晶闸管驱动信号由晶闸管的主回路通过电阻、高压电子开关(如MOC3083等高压光电耦合器)到晶闸管的触发极，高压电子开关承受较高电压，并且在380V系统中需要多个串联使用，存在可靠性差、容易击穿的缺点，另外由于触发回路的电阻、高压电子开关存在较大的电压降，需偏离零点较大的电压时才能触发，导致电容负载接通涌流大，晶闸管容易损坏。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有晶闸管驱动装置的不足之处而提供一种无需变压器触发、无需高压电子开关、占用空间小、电路简单、瞬间触发电流大、性价比高、能耗低的晶闸管驱动装置。
实现本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案来达到的：
一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括一非隔离式供电电路、一节流电路，所述非隔离式供电电路的电源输入端的一端用于与所需驱动的晶闸管的第一端连接，所述电源输入端的另一端用于与相对于所述第一端的另一相电源或中性线连接，所述非隔离式供电电路通过所述节流电路、所述晶闸管的第二端、所述第一端形成触发信号回路，所述节流电路的控制端用于与所述晶闸管的第三端连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述节流电路检测到所述第三端与所述第一端之间电位差大于所述晶闸管导通的电压降，接通所述晶闸管的触发信号，所述节流电路检测到所述晶闸管导通，关断所述触发信号。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述非隔离式供电电路包括限流元件、一单向导通器件、一电容、一稳压器件，所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件、所述电容串联而成第一串联电路，所述第一 串联电路的一端用于与所述第一端连接，所述第一串联电路的另一端用于与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容与所述稳压器件并联或所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述稳压器件并联。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，通过所述限流元件的电流小于触发所述晶闸管导通所需的最小触发电流。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述稳压器件为一稳压二极管，所述单向导通器件为一二极管，所述限流元件为一电阻。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括第四电阻，所述第四电阻串联在所述电容的放电回路中。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述电容通过所述节流电路、所述第二端、所述第一端形成放电回路。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述晶闸管为单向晶闸管，所述第一端为所述单向晶闸管的阴极，所述第二端为所述单向晶闸管的触发极，所述第三端为所述单向晶闸管的阳极，所述节流电路包括第二电阻、第一半导体开关，所述第一半导体开关的控制端通过所述第二电阻与所述单向晶闸管的阳极连接，所述电容通过所述第一半导体开关、所述触发极、所述阴极形成放电回路。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述节流电路检测到所述单向晶闸管的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极之间正向电位差大于所述单向晶闸管导通的电压降，所述第一半导体开关导通，所述节流电路检测到所述单向晶闸管导通，所述第一半导体开关截止。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第一半导体开关为一NPN型三极管、一NPN型达林顿管或一NPN型达林顿电路。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括第三电阻，所述三极管的集电极作为所述单向晶闸管的触发信号输入端，所述三极管的发射极与所述触发极连接，所述三极管的基极与所述第二电阻连接，所述第三电阻的两端分别与所述三极管的发射极、所述三极管的基极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述限流元件与所述单向导通器件连接，所述另一相电源或所述中性线通过所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件对所述电容正向充电，所述电容的正向充电端通过所述第一半导体开关与所述触发极连接，所述电容的另一端用于与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括用于控制所述电容放电的第二半导体开关。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第二半导体开关为一光电耦合器或一光电耦合驱动晶体管电路。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述单向导通器件的阴极与所述电容的正向充电端连接，所述单向导通器件的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接，所述限流元件的一端与所述电容的另一端连接，所述限流元件的另一端与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容的正向充电端 通过所述第一半导体开关与所述触发极连接，所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述第二半导体开关的输出端并联。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第一半导体开关的控制端连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括第二稳压二极管，所述第二电阻通过所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第一半导体开关控制端连接，所述第二稳压二极管的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接，所述第二电阻与所述第二半导体开关连接的共同端与所述第二稳压二极管的阴极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述晶闸管为双向晶闸管，所述第一端为所述双向晶闸管的第一阳极，所述第二端为所述双向晶闸管的触发极，所述第三端为所述双向晶闸管的第二阳极。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述节流电路包括第一晶体管、第二晶体管、第三晶体管、第二电阻；所述第一晶体管的输出回路串联在所述双向晶闸管的触发回路中，所述第二晶体管的输入端与所述第三晶体管输入端反向并联而成并联电路，所述并联电路的一端通过所述第二电阻与所述第二阳极连接，所述并联电路的另一端与所述第一阳极连接，所述第二晶体管的输出端、所述第三晶体管的输出端与所述第一晶体管的控制端连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第一晶体管的集电极、所述第一晶体管的发射极串联在所述双向晶闸管的触发回路中，所述第二晶体管的发射极与所述第三晶体管的基极连接，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述第三晶体管的发射极连接，所述第二晶体管的集电极、所述第三晶体管的集电极与所述第一晶体管基极连接，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述第一阳极连接，所述第二晶体管的发射极通过所述第二电阻与所述第二阳极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第一晶体管为NPN型三极管，所述第二晶体管、所述第三晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第一晶体管的集电极与所述触发极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括第三电阻、第五电阻、第六电阻，所述第三电阻的两端分别与所述第一晶体管的基极、所述第一晶体管的发射极连接，所述第五电阻的两端分别与所述第二晶体管的基极、所述第二晶体管的发射极连接，所述第一晶体管基极通过所述第六电阻与所述第二晶体管的集电极、所述第三晶体管的集电极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第二电阻串联至少一半导体器件。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述半导体器件为发光二极管。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述限流元件与所述单向导通器件连接，所述另一相电源或所述中性线通过所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件对所述电容负向充电，所述电容的负向充电端通过所述第一晶体管与所述触发极连接，所述电容的另一端与所述第一阳极连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，还包括用于控制所述电容放电的第二半导体开关。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第二半导体开关为一光电耦合器或一光电耦合器驱动晶体管 电路。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述第一晶体管的控制端通过所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第二晶体管的输出端、所述第三晶体管的输出端连接。
一种晶闸管驱动装置，所述电容的负向充电端与所述单向导通器件的阳极连接，所述限流元件的一端与所述电容的另一端连接，所述限流元件的另一端与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容的负向充电端通过所述第一晶体管与所述触发极连接，所述单向导通器件的阴极与所述第一阳极连接，所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述第二半导体开关的输出端并联。
本发明设计合理，其利用电网电源提供非隔离式供电电路工作电源，非隔离式供电电路通过节流电路、晶闸管的第二端、晶闸管的第一端形成触发信号回路，节流电路的控制端与晶闸管的第三端连接，通过节流电路对晶闸管的导通状态进行检测，节流电路检测到晶闸管的第三端与晶闸管的第一端之间电位差大于晶闸管导通的电压降，接通晶闸管的触发信号，节流电路检测到晶闸管导通，关断晶闸管的触发信号，仅需极短的时间完成晶闸管的触发过程，具有无需变压器、无需高压电子开关、占用空间小、电路简单、性价比高、瞬间触发电流大、触发能力强、能耗低的优点。
附图说明
图1是本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例一电路原理图。
图2是本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例二电路原理图。
图3是本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例三电路原理图。
图4是本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例四电路原理图。
图5是一光电耦合器驱动晶体管电路。
具体实施方式
本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例一，如图1所示：
一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括非隔离式供电电路(A)、节流电路(B)，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电源输入端的一端J1与所需驱动的单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极(晶闸管的第一端)连接，电源输入端的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极的另一相电源连接)，非隔离式供电电路(A)通过节流电路(B)、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极(晶闸管的第二端)、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极形成触发信号回路，节流电路(B)的控制端与单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极(晶闸管的第三端)连接；节流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极之间电位差(晶闸管为单向晶闸管时为正向电位差)大于单向晶闸管SCR1导通的电压降，接通单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号，触发单向晶闸管SCR1导通，节 流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1导通，关断单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号。
非隔离式供电电路(A)：其包括限流元件R1(一电阻)、单向导通器件D1(一二极管)、电容C1、稳压器件Z1(一稳压二极管)、第四电阻R4(当电容C1放电回路带限流元件时，可省略)，限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1、电容C1串联而成第一串联电路，第一串联电路的一端J1与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极连接，第一串联电路的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极的另一相电源连接)，限流元件R1与单向导通器件D1连接，J4端的中性线通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1正向充电，电容C1的正向充电端通过第四电阻R4、节流电路(B)的第一半导体开关Q1与单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极连接，电容C1的另一端与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极连接，电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与稳压器件Z1并联(也可以电容C1与稳压器件Z1直接并联，限流元件R1能耗减半，但单向导通器件D1耐压要求提高)。
节流电路(B)：其包括第二电阻R2、第一半导体开关Q1(一NPN型三极管，也可以为一NPN型达林顿管、一NPN型达林顿电路)、第三电阻R3、第二稳压二极管Z2、第二半导体开关OPT1(一光电耦合器)，第一半导体开关Q1控制端(基极)通过第二半导体开关OPT1的输出端、第二电阻R2与单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极连接，第二稳压二极管Z2的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极连接，第二电阻R2与第二半导体开关OPT1连接的共同端与第二稳压二极管Z2的阴极连接，第三电阻R3的两端分别与第一半导体开关Q1的基极、第一半导体开关Q1的发射极连接，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1通过第四电阻R4(当电容C1放电回路带限流元件时，可省略)、第一半导体开关Q1、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极形成放电回路，放电回路的放电电流为单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号，这里第一半导体开关Q1为一三极管，三极管Q1的集电极作为单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号输入端，三极管Q1的发射极与单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极连接，三极管Q1的基极通过第二半导体开关OPT1的输出端与第二电阻R2连接。
第二半导体开关OPT1用于控制非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1放电,当不需要对电容C1的放电回路控制时，可以省略，这时第二稳压二极管Z2也可以省略。
工作原理：为方便理解，现以其驱动反向并联一功率二极管的晶闸管为例，单向晶闸管SCR1与功率二极管DA并联，单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极上电，J1端对J4端存在电位差，充电电流通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1充电。接通过程中，在单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极之间处于反向偏置电压的峰值时，提供第二半导体开关OPT1导通控制信号，节流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极之间正向电位差大于单向晶闸管SCR1导通的电压降，第一半导体开关Q1导通，电容C1通过第四电阻R4、第一半导体开关Q1、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极放电，触发单向晶闸管SCR1无涌流导通，节流电路(B)在检测到单向晶闸管SCR1导通时，第一半导 体开关Q1截止，在下一个单向晶闸管SCR1导通半波重复上述工作过程。
本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例二，如图2所示：
一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括非隔离式供电电路(A)、节流电路(B)，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电源输入端的一端J1与所需驱动的单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极(晶闸管的第一端)连接，电源输入端的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极的另一相电源连接)，非隔离式供电电路(A)通过节流电路(B)、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极(晶闸管的第二端)、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极形成触发信号回路，节流电路(B)的控制端J3与单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极(晶闸管的第三端)连接；节流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极之间电位差(晶闸管为单向晶闸管时为正向电位差)大于单向晶闸管SCR1导通的电压降，接通单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号，触发单向晶闸管SCR1导通，节流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1导通，关断单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号。
非隔离式供电电路(A)：其包括限流元件R1(一电阻)、单向导通器件D1(一二极管)、电容C1、第四电阻R4(当电容C1放电回路带限流元件时，可省略)、第二半导体开关OPT1(为一光电耦合器驱动晶体管电路，驱动电流要求小时也可以用一光电耦合器)，限流元件R1、电容C1、单向导通器件D1串联而成第一串联电路，第一串联电路的一端J1与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极连接，第一串联电路的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极的另一相电源连接)，这里单向导通器件D1的阴极与电容C1的正向充电端连接，限流元件R1的一端与电容C1的另一端连接，限流元件R1的另一端与中性线(也可以接另一相电源)连接，单向导通器件D1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极连接，电容C1的正向充电端通过第四电阻R4、节流电路(B)的第一半导体开关Q1与单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极连接，电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与第二半导体开关OPT1的输出端并联，电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与稳压器件Z1并联。
节流电路(B)：其包括第二电阻R2、第一半导体开关Q1(一NPN型三极管，也可以为一NPN型达林顿管、一NPN型达林顿电路)、第三电阻R3，第一半导体开关Q1控制端(基极)通过第二电阻R2与单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极连接，第三电阻R3的两端分别与第一半导体开关Q1的基极、第一半导体开关Q1的发射极连接，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1通过第四电阻R4、第一半导体开关Q1、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极、非隔离式供电电路(A)的第二半导体开关OPT1形成放电回路，放电回路的放电电流为单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号，这里第一半导体开关Q1为一三极管，三极管Q1的集电极作为单向晶闸管SCR1的触发信号输入端，三极管Q1的发射极与单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极连接，三极管Q1的基极与第二电阻R2连接。
第二半导体开关OPT1用于控制非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1放电,当不需要对电容C1的放电回路控制时，且节流电路(B)放在第二半导体开关OPT1的位置时，可以省略第二 半导体开关OPT1。注：此时节流电路(B)内部电路仅需略做改动。
工作原理：为方便理解，现以其驱动反向并联一功率二极管的晶闸管为例，单向晶闸管SCR1与功率二极管DA并联，单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极上电，J1端对J4端存在电位差，充电电流通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1充电至稳压器件Z1的稳压值，接通过程中，在单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极处于反向偏置电压峰值时，提供第二半导体开关OPT1导通控制信号，节流电路(B)检测到单向晶闸管SCR1的阳极与单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极之间正向电位差大于单向晶闸管SCR1导通的电压降，第一半导体开关Q1导通，电容C1通过第四电阻R4、第一半导体开关Q1、单向晶闸管SCR1的触发极、单向晶闸管SCR1的阴极、第二半导体开关OPT1的输出端放电，触发单向晶闸管SCR1无涌流导通，节流电路(B)在检测到单向晶闸管导通时，第一半导体开关Q1截止，在下一个单向晶闸管SCR1导通半波重复上述工作过程。
实施例一、实施例二中，当并联的功率二极管DA改为一反向并联单向晶闸管时，只要增加一本发明晶闸管驱动装置即可，其中第二电阻R2可以复用，单相负载使用时J4端，接另一相电源。
本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例三，如图3所示：
一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括非隔离式供电电路(A)、节流电路(B)，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电源输入端的一端J1与所需驱动的双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极(晶闸管的第一端)连接，电源输入端的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极的另一相电源连接)，非隔离式供电电路(A)通过节流电路(B)、双向晶闸管TR1的触发极(晶闸管的第二端)、双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极形成触发信号回路，节流电路(B)的控制端与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极(晶闸管的第三端)连接；节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极之间电位差大于双向晶闸管TR1导通的电压降，接通双向晶闸管TR1的触发信号，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1导通，关断双向晶闸管TR1的触发信号。
非隔离式供电电路(A)：其包括限流元件R1(一电阻)、单向导通器件D1(一二极管)、电容C1、稳压器件Z1(一稳压二极管)、第四电阻R4(当电容C1放电回路带限流元件时，可省略)，限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1、电容C1串联而成第一串联电路，第一串联电路的一端J1与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，第一串联电路的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极的另一相电源连接)，限流元件R1与单向导通器件D1连接，J4端连接的电源通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1负向充电，电容C1的负向充电端通过第四电阻R4、节流电路(B)的第一晶体管Q1与双向晶闸管TR1的触发极连接，电容C1的另一端与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，电容C1与稳压器件Z1并联(也可以电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与稳压器件Z1并联，单向导通器件D1 耐压要求降低，限流元件R1能耗加倍)。
节流电路(B)：其包括第一晶体管Q1(一NPN型三极管)、第二晶体管Q2(一PNP型三极管)、第三晶体管Q3(一PNP型三极管)、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、半导体器件LD1(发光二极管)、第二半导体开关OPT1；第一晶体管Q1的输出回路串联在双向晶闸管TR1的触发回路中，第二晶体管Q2的输入端与第三晶体管Q3输入端反向并联而成并联电路，该并联电路的一端通过半导体器件LD1、第二电阻R2与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极连接，该并联电路的另一端与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，第二晶体管Q2的集电极(输出端)、第三晶体管Q3的集电极(输出端)通过第二半导体开关OPT1、第六电阻R6与第一晶体管Q1的基极(控制端)连接，第一晶体管Q1的集电极、第一晶体管Q1的发射极串联在双向晶闸管TR1的触发回路中，第二晶体管Q2的发射极与第三晶体管Q3的基极连接，第二晶体管Q2的基极与第三晶体管Q3的发射极连接，第二晶体管Q2的基极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，第二晶体管Q2的发射极通过半导体器件LD1、第二电阻R2与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极连接，第一晶体管Q1的集电极与双向晶闸管TR1的触发极连接，第三电阻R3的两端分别与第一晶体管Q1的基极、第一晶体管Q1的发射极连接，第五电阻R5的两端分别与第二晶体管Q2的基极、第二晶体管Q2的发射极连接。第二半导体开关OPT1用于控制非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1放电(当不需要对电容C1的放电回路控制时，第二半导体开关OPT1可以省略)，半导体器件LD1用于改善节流电路(B)检测双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极、第二阳极之间电位差的稳定性，第三电阻R3、第五电阻R5用于提高电路的抗干扰能力。
工作原理：双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极上电，J1端对J4端存在电位差，充电电流通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1充电至稳压器件Z1的稳压值，接通过程中，在双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极之间电位差为零时，提供第二半导体开关OPT1导通控制信号，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极之间电位差大于双向晶闸管TR1导通的电压降，第一晶体管Q1导通，电容C1通过双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极、双向晶闸管TR1的触发极、第一晶体管Q1、第四电阻R4放电，触发双向晶闸管TR1无涌流导通，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1导通，第一晶体管Q1截止，在下一个双向晶闸管TR1导通半波重复上述工作过程。
本发明晶闸管驱动装置的实施例四，如图4所示：
一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括非隔离式供电电路(A)、节流电路(B)，非隔离式供电电路(A)的电源输入端的一端J1与所需驱动的双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极(晶闸管的第一端)连接，电源输入端的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极的另一相电源连接)，非隔离式供电电路(A)通过节流电路(B)、双向晶闸管TR1的触发极(晶闸管的第二端)、双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极形成触发信号回路，节流电路(B)的 控制端与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极(晶闸管的第三端)连接；节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极之间电位差大于双向晶闸管TR1导通的电压降，接通双向晶闸管TR1的触发信号，触发双向晶闸管TR1导通，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1导通，关断双向晶闸管TR1的触发信号。
非隔离式供电电路(A)：其包括限流元件R1(一电阻)、单向导通器件D1(一二极管)、电容C1、稳压器件Z1(一稳压二极管)、第四电阻R4(当电容C1放电回路带限流元件时，可省略)、第二半导体开关OPT1(一光电耦合器)，限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1、电容C1串联而成第一串联电路，第一串联电路的一端J1与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，第一串联电路的另一端J4与中性线连接(也可以与相对于双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极的另一相电源连接)，电容C1的负向充电端与单向导通器件D1的阳极连接，限流元件R1的一端与电容C1的另一端连接，限流元件R1的另一端J4与中性线连接(或与相对于双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极的另一相电源连接)，电容C1的负向充电端通过第四电阻R4、节流电路(B)的第一晶体管Q1与双向晶闸管TR1的触发极连接，单向导通器件D1的阴极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与第二半导体开关OPT1的输出端并联，电容C1与单向导通器件D1串联而成的串联电路与稳压器件Z1并联。
第二半导体开关OPT1用于控制非隔离式供电电路(A)的电容C1放电,当不需要对电容C1的放电回路控制时，且节流电路(B)放在第二半导体开关OPT1的位置时，可以省略第二半导体开关OPT1。注：此时节流电路(B)内部电路仅需略做改动即可。
节流电路(B)：其包括第一晶体管Q1(一NPN型三极管)、第二晶体管Q2(一PNP型三极管)、第三晶体管Q3(一PNP型三极管)、第二电阻R2、第三电阻R3、第五电阻R5、第六电阻R6、半导体器件LD1(发光二极管)；第一晶体管Q1的输出回路串联在双向晶闸管TR1的触发回路中，第二晶体管Q2的输入端与第三晶体管Q3输入端反向并联而成并联电路，该并联电路的一端通过半导体器件LD1、第二电阻R2与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极连接，该并联电路的另一端与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极连接，第二晶体管Q2的集电极(输出端)、第三晶体管Q3的集电极(输出端)通过第六电阻R6与第一晶体管Q1的基极(控制端)连接，第一晶体管Q1的集电极、第一晶体管Q1的发射极串联在双向晶闸管TR1的触发回路中，第二晶体管Q2的发射极与第三晶体管Q3的基极连接，第二晶体管Q2的基极与第三晶体管Q3的发射极连接，第二晶体管Q2的基极与第一阳极连接，第二晶体管Q2的发射极通过半导体器件LD1、第二电阻R2与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极连接，第一晶体管Q1的集电极与双向晶闸管TR1的触发极连接，第三电阻R3的两端分别与第一晶体管Q1的基极、第一晶体管Q1的发射极连接，第五电阻R5的两端分别与第二晶体管Q2的基极、第二晶体管Q2的发射极连接。半导体器件LD1用于改善节流电路检测双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极、第二阳极之间电位差的稳定性，第三电阻R3、第五电阻R5用于提高电路的抗干扰能力。
工作原理：双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极上电，J1端对J4端存在电位差，充电电流通过限流元件R1、单向导通器件D1对电容C1充电至稳压器件Z1的稳压值，在接通的工作过程中，在双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极之间电位差为零时，提供第二半导体开关OPT1导通控制信号，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1的第二阳极与双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极之间电位差大于双向晶闸管TR1导通的电压降，第一晶体管Q1导通，电容C1通过第二半导体开关OPT1、双向晶闸管TR1的第一阳极、双向晶闸管TR1的触发极、第一晶体管Q1、第四电阻R4放电触发双向晶闸管TR1无涌流导通，节流电路(B)检测到双向晶闸管TR1导通，第一晶体管Q1截止，在下一个双向晶闸管TR1导通半波重复上述工作过程。
以上实施例，稳压器件Z1的稳压值可以设定为20V左右，电容的电容值可以设定为100微法左右，电容的放电电流足够满足晶闸管的瞬间触发电流，限流元件R1可以采用电阻，通过限流元件R1的电流可以远小于触发晶闸管(单向晶闸管或双向晶闸管)导通所需的最小触发电流(一般几十安培晶闸管的可靠触发导通的触发电流为几十毫安)，限流元件R1的电阻值可以比较大，工作电流可以设定为1毫安内(足以驱动几百安培的晶闸管)，即使按1毫安计，工作电压为380V时，限流元件R1功耗仅为0.38W，工作电压为220V时，限流元件R1功耗仅为0.22W；限流元件R1也可以改用一电容，或采用一电阻与一电容串联电路，工作原理相同，也在本专利保护范围内。
以上实施例使用的光电耦合器或一光电耦合器驱动晶体管电路(见图5)，根据需要可以二者选一。
在单相交流供电系统中使用时，与本发明晶闸管驱动装置连接的相对于晶闸管的第一端(即晶闸管的主回路端)的另一端电源也定义为中性线，在三相电使用时可以采用第一本发明晶闸管驱动装置通过另一相的第二本发明晶闸管驱动装置与相对于第一本发明晶闸管驱动装置的另一相电源连接。
综上所述，本发明具晶闸管驱动装置有以下优点：
1.晶闸管的触发信号直接由交流电网通过限流元件提供，无需变压器、无需高压电子开关、可靠性高、电路简单、占用空间小、性价比高。
2.采用电容储能触发方式，通过节流电路对晶闸管的导通状态进行检测，检测晶闸管导通，马上关闭电容放电，仅需极短的时间完成晶闸管的触发过程，具有瞬间输出电流大、触发能力强的特点，同时限流元件工作电流远小于触发晶闸管导通的最小触发电流、工作能耗低。
当用于电容负载时，不存在变压器驱动由于脉冲占空比和高压电子开关电路的本身电压降带来的过零触发盲区，接通涌流极小。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种晶闸管驱动装置，其包括一非隔离式供电电路、一节流电路，所述非隔离式供电电路的电源输入端的一端用于与所需驱动的晶闸管的第一端连接，所述电源输入端的另一端用于与相对于所述第一端的另一相电源或中性线连接，所述非隔离式供电电路通过所述节流电路、所述晶闸管的第二端、所述第一端形成触发信号回路，所述节流电路的控制端用于与所述晶闸管的第三端连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述节流电路检测到所述第三端与所述第一端之间电位差大于所述晶闸管导通的电压降，接通所述晶闸管的触发信号，所述节流电路检测到所述晶闸管导通，关断所述触发信号。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述非隔离式供电电路包括限流元件、一单向导通器件、一电容、一稳压器件，所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件、所述电容串联而成第一串联电路，所述第一串联电路的一端用于与所述第一端连接，所述第一串联电路的另一端用于与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容与所述稳压器件并联或所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述稳压器件并联。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：通过所述限流元件的电流小于触发所述晶闸管导通所需的最小触发电流。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述稳压器件为一稳压二极管，所述单向导通器件为一二极管，所述限流元件为一电阻。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括第四电阻，所述第四电阻串联在所述电容的放电回路中。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述电容通过所述节流电路、所述第二端、所述第一端形成放电回路。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述晶闸管为单向晶闸管，所述第一端为所述单向晶闸管的阴极，所述第二端为所述单向晶闸管的触发极，所述第三端为所述单向晶闸管的阳极，所述节流电路包括第二电阻、第一半导体开关，所述第一半导体开关的控制端通过所述第二电阻与所述单向晶闸管的阳极连接，所述电容通过所述第一半导体开关、所述触发极、所述阴极形成放电回路。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述节流电路检测到所述单向晶闸管的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极之间正向电位差大于所述单向晶闸管导通的电压降，所述第一半导体开关导通，所述节流电路检测到所述单向晶闸管导通，所述第一半导体开关截止。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第一半导体开关为一NPN型三极管、一NPN型达林顿管或一NPN型达林顿电路。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括第三电阻，所述三极管的集 电极作为所述单向晶闸管的触发信号输入端，所述三极管的发射极与所述触发极连接，所述三极管的基极与所述第二电阻连接，所述第三电阻的两端分别与所述三极管的发射极、所述三极管的基极连接。
  12. 根据权利要求8所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述限流元件与所述单向导通器件连接，所述另一相电源或所述中性线通过所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件对所述电容正向充电，所述电容的正向充电端通过所述第一半导体开关与所述触发极连接，所述电容的另一端用于与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接。
  13. 根据权利要求8所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括用于控制所述电容放电的第二半导体开关。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第二半导体开关为一光电耦合器或一光电耦合驱动晶体管电路。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述单向导通器件的阴极与所述电容的正向充电端连接，所述单向导通器件的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接，所述限流元件的一端与所述电容的另一端连接，所述限流元件的另一端与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容的正向充电端通过所述第一半导体开关与所述触发极连接，所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述第二半导体开关的输出端并联。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第一半导体开关的控制端连接。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括第二稳压二极管，所述第二电阻通过所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第一半导体开关控制端连接，所述第二稳压二极管的阳极与所述单向晶闸管的阴极连接，所述第二电阻与所述第二半导体开关连接的共同端与所述第二稳压二极管的阴极连接。
  18. 根据权利要求3所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述晶闸管为双向晶闸管，所述第一端为所述双向晶闸管的第一阳极，所述第二端为所述双向晶闸管的触发极，所述第三端为所述双向晶闸管的第二阳极。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述节流电路包括第一晶体管、第二晶体管、第三晶体管、第二电阻；所述第一晶体管的输出回路串联在所述双向晶闸管的触发回路中，所述第二晶体管的输入端与所述第三晶体管输入端反向并联而成并联电路，所述并联电路的一端通过所述第二电阻与所述第二阳极连接，所述并联电路的另一端与所述第一阳极连接，所述第二晶体管的输出端、所述第三晶体管的输出端与所述第一晶体管的控制端连接。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第一晶体管的集电极、所述第一晶体管的发射极串联在所述双向晶闸管的触发回路中，所述第二晶体管的发射极与所述第 三晶体管的基极连接，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述第三晶体管的发射极连接，所述第二晶体管的集电极、所述第三晶体管的集电极与所述第一晶体管基极连接，所述第二晶体管的基极与所述第一阳极连接，所述第二晶体管的发射极通过所述第二电阻与所述第二阳极连接。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第一晶体管为NPN型三极管，所述第二晶体管、所述第三晶体管为PNP型三极管，所述第一晶体管的集电极与所述触发极连接。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括第三电阻、第五电阻、第六电阻，所述第三电阻的两端分别与所述第一晶体管的基极、所述第一晶体管的发射极连接，所述第五电阻的两端分别与所述第二晶体管的基极、所述第二晶体管的发射极连接，所述第一晶体管基极通过所述第六电阻与所述第二晶体管的集电极、所述第三晶体管的集电极连接。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第二电阻串联至少一半导体器件。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述半导体器件为发光二极管。
  25. 根据权利要求19所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述限流元件与所述单向导通器件连接，所述另一相电源或所述中性线通过所述限流元件、所述单向导通器件对所述电容负向充电，所述电容的负向充电端通过所述第一晶体管与所述触发极连接，所述电容的另一端与所述第一阳极连接。
  26. 根据权利要求19所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：还包括用于控制所述电容放电的第二半导体开关。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第二半导体开关为一光电耦合器或一光电耦合器驱动晶体管电路。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述第一晶体管的控制端通过所述第二半导体开关的输出端与所述第二晶体管的输出端、所述第三晶体管的输出端连接。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的晶闸管驱动装置，其特征是：所述电容的负向充电端与所述单向导通器件的阳极连接，所述限流元件的一端与所述电容的另一端连接，所述限流元件的另一端与所述另一相电源或所述中性线连接，所述电容的负向充电端通过所述第一晶体管与所述触发极连接，所述单向导通器件的阴极与所述第一阳极连接，所述电容与所述单向导通器件串联而成的串联电路与所述第二半导体开关的输出端并联。
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JP6688405B2 (ja) 2016-01-24 2020-04-28 広州市金矢電子有限公司Ｇｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕ Ｋｉｎｇｓｅｒ Ｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｉｃｓ Ｃｏ．， Ｌｔｄ 非自己消弧型素子駆動方法及び装置、組合せ素子
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