WO2016131210A1 - 反射式柔性液晶显示器 - Google Patents

反射式柔性液晶显示器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016131210A1
WO2016131210A1 PCT/CN2015/075849 CN2015075849W WO2016131210A1 WO 2016131210 A1 WO2016131210 A1 WO 2016131210A1 CN 2015075849 W CN2015075849 W CN 2015075849W WO 2016131210 A1 WO2016131210 A1 WO 2016131210A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible
layer
reflective
liquid crystal
substrate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2015/075849
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钟新辉
李泳锐
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd filed Critical Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
Priority to US14/758,953 priority Critical patent/US9857623B2/en
Publication of WO2016131210A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016131210A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
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    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
    • G02F1/133638—Waveplates, i.e. plates with a retardation value of lambda/n

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a reflective flexible liquid crystal display.
  • the Organic Light Emitting Display has self-luminous, no backlight, thin thickness, wide viewing angle, fast response, etc., and has the natural advantage of flexible display.
  • OLED Organic Light Emitting Display
  • the OLED industry still has a high technical threshold, and the process is difficult, the yield is low, the cost is high, and the price is high. These difficulties hinder the wide application of OLED.
  • Liquid crystal display is the most widely used display product on the market. Its production process technology is very mature, its product yield is high, its cost is relatively low, and its market acceptance is high.
  • the LCDs in the mainstream market can be divided into three categories, namely, twisted nematic/super twisted nematic (TN/STN) type, planar conversion (IPS) type and vertical alignment (VA) type, although they
  • TN/STN twisted nematic/super twisted nematic
  • IPS planar conversion
  • VA vertical alignment
  • the liquid crystal display panel comprises a color filter substrate (CF), a thin film transistor array substrate (Thin Film Transistor Array Substrate, TFT Array Substrate), and a liquid crystal layer (Liquid Crystal Layer) filled between the two substrates. ) constitutes.
  • a polarizer is attached to a side of the CF substrate away from the liquid crystal layer, and a polarizer is attached to a side of the TFT substrate remote from the liquid crystal layer.
  • the LCD controls the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules by the electric field, changes the polarization state of the light, and realizes the penetration and blocking of the optical path by the polarizer, thereby achieving the purpose of display.
  • the liquid crystal display panel is composed of two substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched therebetween, it is necessary to provide a light source for display by means of a backlight assembly, and the LCD belongs to a non-self-luminous liquid display device.
  • the LCD belongs to a non-self-luminous liquid display device.
  • simply making the liquid crystal display panel portion flexible and bendable is far from practical, and requires a flexible backlight assembly to be used, but the backlight assembly includes a light source.
  • Multi-layer diaphragm and light guide plate and other components, so to develop flexible LCD products need to adopt other methods and approaches, far from simply liquid It is so easy to make the crystal display panel flexible.
  • the present invention provides a reflective flexible liquid crystal display comprising: a flexible upper substrate, a flexible lower substrate disposed opposite the flexible upper substrate, and a liquid crystal filled between the flexible upper substrate and the flexible lower substrate a layer, a circular polarizer disposed on an upper surface of the flexible upper substrate, and a flexible light guide plate disposed on an upper surface of the circular polarizer;
  • the flexible upper substrate and the flexible light guide plate are both transparent, and the flexible lower substrate has a reflective layer.
  • At least one side of the flexible light guide plate is provided with a side light source.
  • the upper surface of the flexible light guide plate is distributed with a plurality of scattering dots.
  • a ⁇ /4 film is attached to the lower surface of the circular polarizer, and the fast axis of the ⁇ /4 film forms an angle of 45 degrees with the absorption axis of the circular polarizer.
  • the liquid crystal layer is a vertical alignment type liquid crystal layer; after a voltage is applied, the maximum phase retardation amount of the liquid crystal layer is 1/4 of a visible light wavelength.
  • the flexible upper substrate includes a transparent flexible substrate, a flat layer disposed on a lower surface of the transparent flexible substrate, a color filter layer disposed between the transparent flexible substrate and the flat layer, and a lower surface of the flat layer a transparent conductive electrode and a black matrix retaining wall disposed on a lower surface of the transparent conductive electrode.
  • the material of the transparent flexible substrate and the flexible light guide plate is glass, PMMA, PC, PE, PP, PET, or PI.
  • the flexible lower substrate comprises a flexible substrate, a gate electrode, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a source/drain, an interlayer insulating layer, and a reflective layer, which are sequentially disposed on the flexible substrate;
  • the reflective layer is a metal layer on the interlayer insulating layer
  • the gate electrode, the semiconductor layer, and the source/drain constitute a TFT; the reflective layer contacts the source/drain and also serve as an electrode.
  • the flexible lower substrate comprises a flexible substrate, a gate electrode, a reflective layer, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a source/drain, an interlayer insulating layer, and a transparent electrode, which are sequentially disposed on the flexible substrate. ;
  • the reflective layer is a metal layer between the flexible substrate and the gate insulating layer
  • the gate, the semiconductor layer, and the source/drain constitute a TFT; the transparent electrode contacts the source/drain.
  • the flexible lower substrate comprises a reflective layer, which is sequentially disposed on the reflective layer a shot protection layer, a gate, a gate insulating layer, a semiconductor layer, a source/drain, an interlayer insulating layer, and a transparent electrode;
  • the reflective layer is a flexible metal reflective film or a flexible substrate coated with a thin metal layer
  • the gate, the semiconductor layer, and the source/drain constitute a TFT; the transparent electrode contacts the source/drain.
  • the present invention also provides a reflective flexible liquid crystal display comprising: a flexible upper substrate, a flexible lower substrate disposed opposite the flexible upper substrate, a liquid crystal layer filled between the flexible upper substrate and the flexible lower substrate, and a circular polarizer on the upper surface of the flexible upper substrate; and a flexible light guide plate disposed on the upper surface of the circular polarizer;
  • the flexible upper substrate and the flexible light guide plate are both transparent, and the flexible lower substrate has a reflective layer;
  • At least one side of the flexible light guide plate is provided with a side light source
  • the upper surface of the flexible light guide plate is distributed with a plurality of scattering dots.
  • a reflective flexible liquid crystal display provided by the present invention can be applied to a flexible display by providing flexible upper and lower substrates and a light guide plate; by providing a circular polarizer on the upper surface of the flexible upper substrate, And providing a reflective layer on the flexible lower substrate to control the optical path to realize a reflective display, which is simpler in structure than the existing liquid crystal display using two polarizers.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the basic structure of a conventional liquid crystal display
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an optical path of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention without applying a voltage
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an optical path of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention under application of a voltage
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the working state of the reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention using an external light source without applying a voltage
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the working state of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention using an external light source under application of a voltage;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the working state of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display using a side light source without applying a voltage
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing the working state of a reflective flexible liquid crystal display using a side light source under application of a voltage according to the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a front elevational view of a light guide plate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a top plan view of a light guide plate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a flexible upper substrate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective structural view of a flexible upper substrate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a first embodiment of a flexible lower substrate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a second embodiment of a flexible lower substrate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional structural view showing a third embodiment of a flexible lower substrate in a reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a reflective flexible liquid crystal display.
  • the reflective flexible liquid crystal display comprises: a flexible upper substrate 1, a flexible lower substrate 3 disposed opposite to the flexible upper substrate 1, and a filling between the flexible upper substrate 1 and the flexible lower substrate 3. a liquid crystal layer 5, a circular polarizer 7 disposed on the upper surface of the flexible upper substrate 1, and a flexible light guide plate 9 disposed on the upper surface of the circular polarizer 7; the flexible upper substrate 1 and the flexible light guide plate 9 are transparent
  • the flexible lower substrate 3 has a reflective layer 37.
  • At least one side of the flexible light guide plate 9 is provided with a side light source 2.
  • one side of the flexible light guide plate 9 is provided with a side light source 2.
  • the liquid crystal layer 5 is a vertical alignment type liquid crystal layer.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 are vertically arranged with respect to the horizontal direction without applying a voltage, and the light does not cause a phase delay through the liquid crystal layer 5; after the voltage is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 5 are opposite to each other.
  • the horizontal direction is deflected by a specific angle, and the light passes through the liquid crystal layer 5 to generate a phase delay, and the maximum phase retardation amount is 1/4 of the visible light wavelength.
  • the product of the difference is equal to 1/4 of the wavelength of visible light, ie between 100 and 200 nm.
  • a ⁇ /4 film 71 is attached to the lower surface of the circular polarizer 7.
  • a ⁇ /4 film composed of a normal crystal is selected, the fast axis is perpendicular to the optical axis direction, and is at an angle of 45 degrees with the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7, and the ⁇ /4 film functions as a polarizing light.
  • the circular polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, and the liquid crystal layer 5 cooperate with the reflective layer 37 to control the optical path.
  • the incident light is sequentially polarized by the polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, passes through the liquid crystal layer 5, does not cause a phase delay, and is irradiated to the reflective layer 37;
  • the layer 37 reflects the light, and the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 5 without phase delay, and is polarized by the ⁇ /4 film 71, so that the reflected light is parallel to the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7, and is circularly polarized. Absorbed, can not be shot, so no display.
  • FIG. 3 in the case where no voltage is applied, the incident light is sequentially polarized by the polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, passes through the liquid crystal layer 5, does not cause a phase delay, and is irradiated to the reflective layer 37;
  • the layer 37 reflects the light, and the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer
  • the incident light is sequentially polarized by the polarizer 7 and the ⁇ /4 film 71, and then a phase retardation is generated through the liquid crystal layer 5 to illuminate the reflective layer 37; the reflective layer 37 reflects the light.
  • the reflected light passes through the liquid crystal layer 5 to generate a phase retardation again, and is polarized by the ⁇ /4 film 71, so that the reflected light is finally perpendicular to the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7, and can be emitted through the circular polarizer 7, thereby performing display.
  • the reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention works with an external light source such as a sun or a fluorescent lamp, and does not require a starting side light source. 2.
  • the incident light emitted by the external light source passes through the circular polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, the liquid crystal layer 5, and the reflective layer 37 without applying a voltage, and finally the reflected light is parallel to the circularly polarized light.
  • the absorption axis of the sheet 7 is absorbed by the circular polarizer 7 and cannot be emitted, so that no display is performed; in the case where a voltage is applied, the incident light emitted from the external light source passes through the circular polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, The liquid crystal layer 5 and the reflective layer 37 cooperate to finally reflect the light perpendicular to the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7, and can be emitted through the circular polarizer 7 to perform display.
  • the reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention activates the side light source 2 to operate, and can be operated according to the external environment.
  • the light intensity actually adjusts the brightness of the side light source 2 so that the liquid crystal display can still be used normally.
  • the light emitted by the side light source 2 is reflected and diffused by the light guide plate 9 to become incident light, and then passes through the circular polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, the liquid crystal layer 5, and the reflective layer 37.
  • the final reflected light is parallel to the absorption axis of the circular polarizer 7, is absorbed by the circular polarizer 7, and cannot be emitted, so that no display is performed; in the case of applying a voltage, the light emitted by the side light source 2 is After the light guide plate 9 reflects and diffuses, it becomes incident light, and through the circular polarizer 7, the ⁇ /4 film 71, the liquid crystal layer 5, and the reflective layer 37, the final reflected light is perpendicular to the circular polarizer 7.
  • the absorption axis can be emitted through the circular polarizer 7 to perform display.
  • the above reflective flexible liquid crystal display is provided with flexible upper and lower substrates 1, 3 and light guiding
  • the board 9 can be conveniently applied to a flexible display; since a unique circular polarizer 7 is disposed on the upper surface of the flexible upper substrate 1, and a reflective layer 37 is disposed on the flexible lower substrate 3 to control the optical path, a reflective display is realized. Compared with the existing liquid crystal display using two polarizers, the structure is simpler.
  • the flexible light guide plate 9 is made of a transparent flexible substrate, and the material thereof can be selected from, but not limited to, the following materials: polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or polyimide (PI).
  • PMMA polymethyl methacrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • PE polyethylene
  • PP Polypropylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PI polyimide
  • a plurality of scattering dots 91 are distributed on the upper surface of the flexible light guide plate 9, which can increase the diffusion effect of the flexible light guide plate 9 on light.
  • the flexible light guide plate 9 is further provided with a reflector 4 on a side of the side light source 2, which can improve the utilization of light.
  • the side light source 2 is preferably an LED tube.
  • the flexible upper substrate 1 includes a transparent flexible substrate 11 , a flat layer 12 disposed on the lower surface of the transparent flexible substrate 11 , and the transparent flexible substrate 11 and the flat layer 12 .
  • the color filter layer 13 is disposed between the transparent conductive electrode 14 disposed on the lower surface of the flat layer 12 and the black matrix barrier 15 disposed on the lower surface of the transparent conductive electrode 14.
  • the flexible upper substrate 1 functions as a CF substrate in a conventional liquid crystal display panel.
  • the material of the transparent flexible substrate 11 may be selected from, but not limited to, the following materials: glass, PMMA, PC, PE, PP, PET, or PI.
  • the flexible lower substrate 3 functions as a TFT substrate in a conventional liquid crystal display panel.
  • FIG. 13 shows a first embodiment of the flexible lower substrate 3.
  • the flexible lower substrate 3 includes a flexible substrate 31, a gate electrode 32 sequentially disposed on the flexible substrate 31, a gate insulating layer 33, a semiconductor layer 34, and a source/drain 35.
  • the reflective layer 37 is a metal layer on the interlayer insulating layer 36.
  • the gate electrode 32, the semiconductor layer 34, and the source/drain electrodes 35 constitute a TFT.
  • the reflective layer 37 contacts the source/drain 35 and doubles as an electrode.
  • the material of the gate insulating layer 33 and the interlayer insulating layer 36 is silicon nitride (SiNx).
  • Fig. 14 shows a second embodiment of the flexible lower substrate 3'.
  • the flexible lower substrate 3' includes a flexible substrate 31', a gate 32', a reflective layer 37', a gate insulating layer 33', which are sequentially disposed on the flexible substrate 31', The semiconductor layer 34', the source/drain 35', the interlayer insulating layer 36', and the transparent electrode 38'.
  • the reflective layer 37' is a metal layer between the flexible substrate 31' and the gate insulating layer 33'.
  • the gate 32', the semiconductor layer 34', and the source/drain 35' constitute a TFT.
  • the transparent electrode 38' contacts the source/drain 35'.
  • the material of the gate insulating layer 33' and the interlayer insulating layer 36' is SiNx.
  • Figure 15 shows a third embodiment of the flexible lower substrate 3".
  • the flexible lower substrate 3" includes a reflective layer 37", which is in turn disposed on the reflective layer 37"
  • a reflective layer protective layer 31 a gate 32
  • a gate insulating layer 33 a semiconductor layer 34
  • a source/drain 35 an interlayer insulating layer 36
  • a transparent electrode 38 a transparent electrode
  • the reflective layer 37" is a flexible metal reflective film or a flexible substrate plated with a thin metal layer.
  • the gate 32", the semiconductor layer 34", and the source/drain 35" constitute a TFT; the transparent electrode 38" contacts the source/drain 35".
  • the material of the reflective layer protective layer 31", the gate insulating layer 33", and the interlayer insulating layer 36" is SiNx.
  • the reflective flexible liquid crystal display of the present invention can be applied to a flexible display by providing flexible upper and lower substrates and a light guide plate; by providing a circular polarizer on the upper surface of the flexible upper substrate, and under flexibility A reflective layer is disposed on the substrate to control the optical path to realize a reflective display, and the structure is simpler than that of the conventional liquid crystal display using two polarizers.

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Abstract

一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，包括：柔性上基板(1)、与柔性上基板(1)相对设置的柔性下基板(3)、填充于柔性上基板(1)与柔性下基板(3)之间的液晶层(5)、设于柔性上基板(1)上表面的圆偏光片(7)、及设于圆偏光片(7)上表面的柔性导光板(9)；柔性上基板(1)与柔性导光板(9)均透明，柔性下基板(3)具有反射层(37)。该反射式柔性液晶显示器结构简单，能够使液晶显示器应用于柔性显示。

Description

反射式柔性液晶显示器 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种反射式柔性液晶显示器。
背景技术
随着可穿戴应用设备如智能眼镜、智能手表等的逐渐兴起，显示行业对可挠曲显示器件的需求也不断增加。
有机发光二极管显示器件(Organic Light Emitting Display，OLED)具有自发光，不需背光源、厚度薄、视角广、反应速度快等特点，从而具有可挠曲显示的天然优势。但是，目前OLED产业仍然具有很高的技术门槛，制程难度大、良率低、成本高、售价高，这些难点都阻碍着OLED的广泛应用。
液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)是目前市场上应用最为广泛的显示产品，其生产工艺技术十分成熟，产品良率高，成本相对较低，市场接受度高。
就目前主流市场上的LCD而言，可分为三大类，分别是扭曲向列/超扭曲向列(TN/STN)型、平面转换(IPS)型及垂直配向(VA)型，尽管它们各自调控液晶显示的原理有所不同，但是这三种类型的LCD的基本结构都比较类似，可以用图1所示结构来表示，均至少包括液晶显示面板100、及背光组件200，液晶面板本身不发光，需要由背光组件提供光源。进一步地，液晶显示面板由一彩色滤光片基板(Color Filter，CF)、一薄膜晶体管阵列基板(Thin Film Transistor Array Substrate，TFT Array Substrate)以及一填充于两基板间的液晶层(Liquid Crystal Layer)所构成。CF基板远离液晶层的一侧贴附一偏光片，TFT基板远离液晶层的一侧也贴附一偏光片。LCD通过电场对液晶分子的取向进行控制，改变光的偏振状态，并藉由偏光片实现光路的穿透与阻挡，达到显示的目的。
如上所述，由于液晶显示面板由两片基板及夹于其间的液晶层组成，需要借助背光组件提供光源进行显示，LCD属于非自发光的液态显示器件。在LCD向柔性显示应用方向发展的过程中，仅仅简单将液晶显示面板部分做成柔性可弯曲的还远远不够实际应用，还需要有柔性的背光组件进行搭配才能使用，但是背光组件包括光源、多层膜片以及导光板等多个部件，所以要开发柔性LCD产品需要采用其他方法与途径，远非简单地将液 晶显示面板做成柔性那么容易。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，其结构简单，能够使液晶显示器应用于柔性显示。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，包括：柔性上基板、与所述柔性上基板相对设置的柔性下基板、填充于所述柔性上基板与柔性下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述柔性上基板上表面的圆偏光片、及设于所述圆偏光片上表面的柔性导光板；
所述柔性上基板与柔性导光板均透明，所述柔性下基板具有反射层。
所述柔性导光板的至少一侧设有侧光源。
所述柔性导光板的上表面分布有多个散射网点。
所述圆偏光片的下表面贴附一λ/4膜，且所述λ/4膜的快轴与圆偏光片的吸收轴成45度夹角。
所述液晶层为垂直配向型液晶层；施加电压后，所述液晶层的最大相位延迟量为可见光波长的1/4。
所述柔性上基板包括一透明柔性基底、设于所述透明柔性基底下表面的平坦层、设于所述透明柔性基底与平坦层之间的彩色滤光层、设于所述平坦层下表面的透明导电电极、及设于所述透明导电电极下表面的黑色矩阵挡墙。
所述透明柔性基底与柔性导光板的材质为玻璃、PMMA、PC、PE、PP、PET、或PI。
可选的，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及反射层；
所述反射层为金属层，位于所述层间绝缘层上；
所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述反射层接触所述源/漏极，兼做电极。
可选的，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、反射层、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
所述反射层为金属层，位于所述柔性基底与栅极绝缘层之间；
所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/漏极。
可选的，所述柔性下基板包括一反射层，依次设于所述反射层上的反 射层保护层、栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
所述反射层为柔性金属反光薄膜、或镀有金属薄层的柔性基底；
所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/漏极。
本发明还提供一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，包括：柔性上基板、与所述柔性上基板相对设置的柔性下基板、填充于所述柔性上基板与柔性下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述柔性上基板上表面的圆偏光片、及设于所述圆偏光片上表面的柔性导光板；
所述柔性上基板与柔性导光板均透明，所述柔性下基板具有反射层；
其中，所述柔性导光板的至少一侧设有侧光源；
其中，所述柔性导光板的上表面分布有多个散射网点。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供的一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，通过设置柔性的上、下基板及导光板，能够应用于柔性显示；通过在柔性上基板的上表面设置一圆偏光片，及在柔性下基板上设置反射层来控制光路，实现反射式显示，相比于现有的使用两片偏光片的液晶显示器，结构更加简单。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为现有的液晶显示器的基本结构示意图；
图2为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器的剖面结构示意图；
图3为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器在不施加电压情况下的光路示意图；
图4为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器在施加电压情况下的光路示意图；
图5为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器使用外部光源在不施加电压情况下的工作状况示意图；
图6为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器使用外部光源在施加电压情况下的工作状况示意图；
图7为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器使用侧光源在不施加电压情况下的工作状况示意图；
图8为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器使用侧光源在施加电压情况下的工作状况示意图；
图9为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中导光板的主视示意图；
图10为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中导光板的俯视示意图；
图11为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中柔性上基板的剖面结构示意图；
图12为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中柔性上基板的立体结构示意图；
图13为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中柔性下基板第一实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图14为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中柔性下基板第二实施例的剖面结构示意图；
图15为本发明反射式柔性液晶显示器中柔性下基板第三实施例的剖面结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图2至图8，本发明提供一种反射式柔性液晶显示器。如图2所示，该反射式柔性液晶显示器包括：柔性上基板1、与所述柔性上基板1相对设置的柔性下基板3、填充于所述柔性上基板1与柔性下基板3之间的液晶层5、设于所述柔性上基板1上表面的圆偏光片7、及设于所述圆偏光片7上表面的柔性导光板9；所述柔性上基板1与柔性导光板9均透明，所述柔性下基板3具有反射层37。
进一步地，所述柔性导光板9的至少一侧设有侧光源2。图2所示的实施例中，所述柔性导光板9的一侧设有侧光源2。
所述液晶层5为垂直配向型液晶层。在不施加电压的情况下，所述液晶层5中的液晶分子相对于水平方向垂直排列，光线经过该液晶层5不产生相位延迟；施加电压后，所述液晶层5中的液晶分子相对于水平方向偏转特定的角度，光线经过该液晶层5产生相位延迟，且最大相位延迟量为可见光波长的1/4，确切地说，所述液晶层5的盒厚与施加电压前后液晶折射率的差值的乘积等于可见光波长的1/4，即100-200nm之间。
结合图3、图4，所述圆偏光片7的下表面贴附一λ/4膜71。本发明选用由正晶体构成的λ/4膜，其快轴与光轴方向垂直，且与圆偏光片7的吸收轴成45度夹角，该λ/4膜起到偏光作用。
所述圆偏光片7、λ/4膜71、液晶层5、与反射层37共同作用来对光路进行控制。如图3所示，在不施加电压的情况下，入射光线依次经所述偏光片7、λ/4膜71偏光后，穿过液晶层5并不产生相位延迟，照射到反射层37；反射层37对光线进行反射，反射光线穿过液晶层5并不产生相位延迟，再经λ/4膜71偏光，最终使得反射光线平行于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，被圆偏光片7吸收掉，不能射出，从而不进行显示。如图4所示，施加电压后，入射光线依次经所述偏光片7、λ/4膜71偏光后，经过液晶层5产生相位延迟，照射到反射层37；反射层37对光线进行反射，反射光线经过液晶层5再次产生相位延迟，再经λ/4膜71偏光，最终使得反射光线垂直于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，能够穿过圆偏光片7射出，从而进行显示。
如图5、图6所示，在外部光强较强的环境中，如太阳或日光灯的照射下，本发明的反射式柔性液晶显示器使用外部光源如太阳或日光灯进行工作，不需要启动侧光源2。在不施加电压的情况下，由外部光源发出的入射光经所述圆偏光片7、λ/4膜71、液晶层5、与反射层37的共同作用，最终反射光线平行于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，被圆偏光片7吸收掉，不能射出，从而不进行显示；在施加电压的情况下，由外部光源发出的入射光经所述圆偏光片7、λ/4膜71、液晶层5、与反射层37的共同作用，最终反射光线垂直于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，能够穿过圆偏光片7射出，从而进行显示。
如图7、图8所示，在外部光强较弱的环境中，如没有太阳或日光灯的照射，本发明的反射式柔性液晶显示器则启动所述侧光源2进行工作，并可以根据外部环境的光强实际情况对所述侧光源2进行亮度调节，使该液晶显示器仍能正常使用。在不施加电压的情况下，由侧光源2发出的光经导光板9反射和扩散后成为入射光，再经所述圆偏光片7、λ/4膜71、液晶层5、与反射层37的共同作用，最终反射光线平行于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，被圆偏光片7吸收掉，不能射出，从而不进行显示；在施加电压的情况下，由侧光源2发出的光经导光板9反射和扩散后成为入射光，再经所述圆偏光片7、λ/4膜71、液晶层5、与反射层37的共同作用，最终反射光线垂直于所述圆偏光片7的吸收轴，能够穿过圆偏光片7射出，从而进行显示。
上述反射式柔性液晶显示器由于设置了柔性的上、下基板1、3及导光 板9，能够方便的应用于柔性显示；由于在柔性上基板1的上表面设置了唯一的圆偏光片7，及在柔性下基板3上设置了反射层37来控制光路，实现了反射式显示，相比于现有的使用两片偏光片的液晶显示器，结构更加简单。
具体的，所述柔性导光板9由透明柔性基材制成，其材质可选择但不限于以下材料：聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚乙烯(PE)、聚丙烯(PP)、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、或聚酰亚胺(PI)。如图9、图10所示，所述柔性导光板9的上表面分布有多个散射网点91，能够增加所述柔性导光板9对光线的扩散效果。所述柔性导光板9相对所述侧光源2的一侧还设有反光板4，能够提高光线的利用率。
所述侧光源2优选为LED灯管。
如图11、图12所示，所述柔性上基板1包括一透明柔性基底11、设于所述透明柔性基底11下表面的平坦层12、设于所述透明柔性基底11与平坦层12之间的彩色滤光层13、设于所述平坦层12下表面的透明导电电极14、及设于所述透明导电电极14下表面的黑色矩阵挡墙15。该柔性上基板1所起的作用相当于传统液晶显示面板中的CF基板。进一步地，所述透明柔性基底11的材质可选择但不限于以下材料：玻璃、PMMA、PC、PE、PP、PET、或PI。
所述柔性下基板3所起的作用相当于传统液晶显示面板中的TFT基板。
图13显示了所述柔性下基板3的第一实施例。在该第一实施例中，所述柔性下基板3包括一柔性基底31，依次设于所述柔性基底31上的栅极32、栅极绝缘层33、半导体层34、源/漏极35、层间绝缘层36、及反射层37。
所述反射层37为金属层，位于所述层间绝缘层36上。
所述栅极32、半导体层34、与源/漏极35构成TFT。所述反射层37接触所述源/漏极35，兼做电极。
所述栅极绝缘层33与层间绝缘层36的材质为氮化硅(SiNx)。
图14显示了所述柔性下基板3’的第二实施例。在该第二实施例中，所述柔性下基板3’包括一柔性基底31’，依次设于所述柔性基底31’上的栅极32’、反射层37’、栅极绝缘层33’、半导体层34’、源/漏极35’、层间绝缘层36’、及透明电极38’。
所述反射层37’为金属层，位于所述柔性基底31’与栅极绝缘层33’之间。
所述栅极32’、半导体层34’、与源/漏极35’构成TFT。所述透明电极38’接触所述源/漏极35’。
所述栅极绝缘层33’与层间绝缘层36’的材质为SiNx。
图15显示了所述柔性下基板3”的第三实施例。在该第三实施例中，所述柔性下基板3”包括一反射层37”，依次设于所述反射层37”上的反射层保护层31”、栅极32”、栅极绝缘层33”、半导体层34”、源/漏极35”、层间绝缘层36”、及透明电极38”。
所述反射层37”为柔性金属反光薄膜、或镀有金属薄层的柔性基底。
所述栅极32”、半导体层34”、与源/漏极35”构成TFT；所述透明电极38”接触所述源/漏极35”。
所述反射层保护层31”、栅极绝缘层33”、与层间绝缘层36”的材质为SiNx。
综上所述，本发明的反射式柔性液晶显示器，通过设置柔性的上、下基板及导光板，能够应用于柔性显示；通过在柔性上基板的上表面设置一圆偏光片，及在柔性下基板上设置反射层来控制光路，实现反射式显示，相比于现有的使用两片偏光片的液晶显示器，结构更加简单。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，包括：柔性上基板、与所述柔性上基板相对设置的柔性下基板、填充于所述柔性上基板与柔性下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述柔性上基板上表面的圆偏光片、及设于所述圆偏光片上表面的柔性导光板；
    所述柔性上基板与柔性导光板均透明，所述柔性下基板具有反射层。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性导光板的至少一侧设有侧光源。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性导光板的上表面分布有多个散射网点。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述圆偏光片的下表面贴附一λ/4膜，且所述λ/4膜的快轴与圆偏光片的吸收轴成45度夹角。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述液晶层为垂直配向型液晶层；施加电压后，所述液晶层的最大相位延迟量为可见光波长的1/4。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性上基板包括一透明柔性基底、设于所述透明柔性基底下表面的平坦层、设于所述透明柔性基底与平坦层之间的彩色滤光层、设于所述平坦层下表面的透明导电电极、及设于所述透明导电电极下表面的黑色矩阵挡墙。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及反射层；
    所述反射层为金属层，位于所述层间绝缘层上；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述反射层接触所述源/漏极，兼做电极。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、反射层、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
    所述反射层为金属层，位于所述柔性基底与栅极绝缘层之间；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/漏极。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一反射层，依次设于所述反射层上的反射层保护层、栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
    所述反射层为柔性金属反光薄膜、或镀有金属薄层的柔性基底；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/漏极。
  10. 一种反射式柔性液晶显示器，包括：柔性上基板、与所述柔性上基板相对设置的柔性下基板、填充于所述柔性上基板与柔性下基板之间的液晶层、设于所述柔性上基板上表面的圆偏光片、及设于所述圆偏光片上表面的柔性导光板；
    所述柔性上基板与柔性导光板均透明，所述柔性下基板具有反射层；
    其中，所述柔性导光板的至少一侧设有侧光源；
    其中，所述柔性导光板的上表面分布有多个散射网点。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述圆偏光片的下表面贴附一λ/4膜，且所述λ/4膜的快轴与圆偏光片的吸收轴成45度夹角。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述液晶层为垂直配向型液晶层；施加电压后，所述液晶层的最大相位延迟量为可见光波长的1/4。
  13. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性上基板包括一透明柔性基底、设于所述透明柔性基底下表面的平坦层、设于所述透明柔性基底与平坦层之间的彩色滤光层、设于所述平坦层下表面的透明导电电极、及设于所述透明导电电极下表面的黑色矩阵挡墙。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及反射层；
    所述反射层为金属层，位于所述层间绝缘层上；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述反射层接触所述源/漏极，兼做电极。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一柔性基底，依次设于所述柔性基底上的栅极、反射层、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
    所述反射层为金属层，位于所述柔性基底与栅极绝缘层之间；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/ 漏极。
  16. 如权利要求10所述的反射式柔性液晶显示器，其中，所述柔性下基板包括一反射层，依次设于所述反射层上的反射层保护层、栅极、栅极绝缘层、半导体层、源/漏极、层间绝缘层、及透明电极；
    所述反射层为柔性金属反光薄膜、或镀有金属薄层的柔性基底；
    所述栅极、半导体层、与源/漏极构成TFT；所述透明电极接触所述源/漏极。
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