WO2016127916A1 - 作为长效dpp-iv抑制剂的取代的氨基六元饱和杂脂环类 - Google Patents

作为长效dpp-iv抑制剂的取代的氨基六元饱和杂脂环类 Download PDF

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WO2016127916A1
WO2016127916A1 PCT/CN2016/073539 CN2016073539W WO2016127916A1 WO 2016127916 A1 WO2016127916 A1 WO 2016127916A1 CN 2016073539 W CN2016073539 W CN 2016073539W WO 2016127916 A1 WO2016127916 A1 WO 2016127916A1
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Prior art keywords
pharmaceutically acceptable
acceptable salt
independently selected
group
compound according
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PCT/CN2016/073539
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许新合
沈宇
校登明
罗鸿
彭勇
韩永信
张爱明
杨玲
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Centaurus Biopharma Co Ltd
Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
Lianyungang Runzhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Centaurus Biopharma Co Ltd
Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd
Lianyungang Runzhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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Application filed by Centaurus Biopharma Co Ltd, Chia Tai Tianqing Pharmaceutical Group Co Ltd, Lianyungang Runzhong Pharmaceutical Co Ltd filed Critical Centaurus Biopharma Co Ltd
Priority to JP2017541801A priority Critical patent/JP6715852B2/ja
Priority to AU2016218693A priority patent/AU2016218693B2/en
Priority to RU2017131354A priority patent/RU2720488C2/ru
Priority to US15/549,773 priority patent/US10155775B2/en
Priority to EP16748717.2A priority patent/EP3257857A4/en
Priority to CN201680009635.5A priority patent/CN107250137B/zh
Priority to CA2975330A priority patent/CA2975330A1/en
Publication of WO2016127916A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127916A1/zh
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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    • C07D513/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00
    • C07D513/12Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for in groups C07D463/00, C07D477/00 or C07D499/00 - C07D507/00 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings
    • C07D513/14Ortho-condensed systems
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    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/403Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with carbocyclic rings, e.g. carbazole
    • A61K31/4035Isoindoles, e.g. phthalimide
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61KPREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/40Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
    • A61K31/407Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil condensed with other heterocyclic ring systems, e.g. ketorolac, physostigmine
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    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/41Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
    • A61K31/4151,2-Diazoles
    • A61K31/41621,2-Diazoles condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61K31/00Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/33Heterocyclic compounds
    • A61K31/395Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
    • A61K31/54Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame
    • A61K31/542Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with at least one nitrogen and one sulfur as the ring hetero atoms, e.g. sulthiame ortho- or peri-condensed with heterocyclic ring systems
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    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/04Anorexiants; Antiobesity agents
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P3/00Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
    • A61P3/08Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
    • A61P3/10Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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    • A61P5/00Drugs for disorders of the endocrine system
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D405/00Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
    • C07D405/02Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
    • C07D405/04Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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    • C07D487/02Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D477/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D495/00Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D495/02Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D495/04Ortho-condensed systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a novel amino six-membered saturated heteroalicyclic derivative having dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) long-acting inhibitory activity, a process for the preparation thereof, a pharmaceutical composition thereof, and its benefit from DPP treatment Use in IV-inhibited diseases and conditions.
  • DPP-IV dipeptidyl peptidase-IV
  • Dipeptidyl peptidase IV is a serine protease that rapidly cleaves the N-terminal proline or alanine protein of a peptide chain and is responsible for certain endogenous peptides in the body (eg GLP-1). Metabolic cleavage with GIP) and has demonstrated proteolytic activity against a variety of other peptides (eg, GHRH, NPY, GLP-2, and VIP) in vitro.
  • DPP-IV Due to the degradation of DPP-IV, GLP-1 and GIP are rapidly inactivated in vivo, so inhibition of DPP-IV activity can greatly prolong the duration of GLP-1 and GIP physiological activity in vivo, thereby indirectly regulating insulin secretion and ultimately Control the role of blood sugar.
  • DPP-IV inhibitor has a glucose-dependent stimulation of insulin secretion, is not easy to cause hypoglycemia in the process of controlling blood sugar, and also has the function of retaining islet ⁇ -cell function; Less reaction, good tolerance; can be administered orally without injection; it is equivalent to the existing oral hypoglycemic agents.
  • DPP-IV inhibitors are useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diseases and conditions mediated by DPP-IV, such as diabetes and obesity, especially type II diabetes.
  • DPP-IV inhibitors such as sitagliptin, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, linagliptin, alogliptin, anagliptin, gemigliptin and teneligliptin have been successfully marketed, and there are five DPP-IV inhibitors in the phase II/III clinical research stage, and More DPP-IV inhibitors are in Phase I clinical and preclinical studies.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • Ring A is selected from a 6-membered aryl group or a 1-2 membered 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group selected from N, O or S atoms;
  • X is selected from O or CH 2
  • Y is selected from N or CH, and when X is CH 2 , Y is not CH;
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from H, C 1-3 alkyl, -NH 2 or -OH;
  • Each R 4 is independently selected from halogen, -NH 2 , -OH, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy or benzyloxy;
  • Each R 5 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, halo, -CN, -OH, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 , or two R 5 groups attached to them
  • the A ring atoms together form a 5-7 membered ring;
  • R 6 is selected from H or C 1-6 alkyl
  • R 7 is selected from H, C 1-6 alkyl or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • Each R 8 is independently selected from -OH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl;
  • o and p are each independently selected from 1, 2 or 3;
  • n are each independently selected from 1 or 2.
  • the application provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite thereof, as active ingredient, and one or more pharmaceuticals An acceptable carrier.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite thereof, or pharmaceutical composition thereof, for use in the manufacture of a medicament for benefit from DPP-IV inhibition Use in medicines for diseases and conditions.
  • the application provides a method for treating a disease or condition that is beneficial for DPP-IV inhibition, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, Solvate, polymorph, metabolite or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite, or medicament thereof, for use in the treatment of a disease or condition that would benefit from DPP-IV inhibition combination.
  • Figure 1 shows the results of in vitro inhibition experiments of the compound of Example 4 on rat plasma DPP-IV activity.
  • the inhibition of rat plasma DPP-IV activity by the compound of Example 4 can still reach nearly 50% at 120 hours, which can meet the requirements of long-acting inhibitors.
  • Figure 2 shows the inhibition of serum DPP-IV activity in ob/ob mice after a single administration of the compound of Example 4 and Omarigliptin at different doses.
  • references to “an embodiment” or “an embodiment” or “in another embodiment” or “in certain embodiments” throughout this specification are meant to be included in the at least one embodiment.
  • the appearances of the phrase “in one embodiment” or “in an embodiment” or “in another embodiment” or “in some embodiments” are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment.
  • the particular elements, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
  • a reaction including a “catalyst” includes a catalyst, or two or more catalysts.
  • the term “or” is generally used in its meaning including “and/or” unless it is specifically defined otherwise.
  • compound as used herein includes all stereoisomeric forms, geometric isomer forms, tautomeric forms, and isotopic forms of the compounds.
  • the compounds described herein can be asymmetric, for example, having one or more stereoisomers. All stereoisomers, such as enantiomers and diastereomers, are included within the scope of this application unless otherwise indicated.
  • the asymmetric carbon atom-containing compounds of the present application can be isolated in optically active pure form or in racemic form.
  • the optically active pure form can be isolated from the racemic mixture by resolution or by the use of chiral starting materials or chiral reagents.
  • tautomeric forms are derived from the exchange between a single bond and an adjacent double bond and is accompanied by a proton transfer.
  • the application also includes atoms of all isotopes, whether in the intermediate or the final compound.
  • An atom of an isotope includes atoms having the same number of atoms but different mass numbers.
  • isotopes of hydrogen include deuterium and tritium.
  • halogen means fluoro, chloro, bromo or iodo.
  • hydroxy refers to -OH.
  • cyano refers to -CN.
  • sulfonyl refers to -SO 2 - alkyl, -SO 2 - cycloalkyl, and -SO 2 - aryl group.
  • amino as used herein means -NH 2 , -NH(alkyl) and -N(alkyl) 2 , and specific examples of the amino group include, but are not limited to, -NH 2 , -NHCH 3 , -NHCH(CH 3 ) 2 , -N(CH 3 ) 2 , -NHC 2 H 5 , -N(CH 3 )C 2 H 5 and the like.
  • alkyl refers to a straight or branched saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group consisting solely of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl. , octyl, sulfhydryl, sulfhydryl and so on.
  • the specific alkyl group includes all of its isomeric forms, for example, the propyl group includes -CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 and -CH(CH 3 ) 2 , and the butyl group includes -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 , -CH(CH 3 )(CH 2 CH 3 ), -C(CH 3 ) 3 and -CH 2 CH(CH 3 ) 2 .
  • C1-6 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
  • C 1-4 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
  • C 1-3 alkyl refers to an alkyl group having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
  • alkyl may be unsubstituted or may be independently selected from one or more hydroxy groups. Substituted by a halogen or an amino group.
  • cycloalkyl refers to an all-carbon cyclic saturated hydrocarbon group consisting solely of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms, such as a C 3-20 cycloalkyl group, preferably a C 3-6 cycloalkyl group, such as a ring.
  • cyclobutyl cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like.
  • the cycloalkyl group may be unsubstituted or independently substituted by one or more substituents including, but not limited to, alkyl, alkoxy, cyano, carboxyl, aryl, heteroaryl, Amino, halogen, sulfonyl, sulfinyl, phosphoryl and hydroxy.
  • aryl refers to an all-carbon monocyclic or fused ring having a fully conjugated pi-electron system having from 6 to 14 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 12 carbon atoms, most preferably having 6 One carbon atom.
  • the aryl group may be unsubstituted or independently substituted by one or more substituents, and examples of the substituent include, but are not limited to, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an amino group, a halogen group, a hydroxyl group, a sulfo group.
  • acyl group a sulfinyl group, a phosphoryl group and a heteroalicyclic group.
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, and anthracenyl.
  • arylalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with an aryl group as defined above, preferably a C1-6 alkyl group substituted with an aryl group.
  • aryl groups include, but are not limited to -CH 2 - phenyl, - (CH 2) 2 - phenyl, - (CH 2) 3 - phenyl, -CH (CH 3) - phenyl, -CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-phenyl, -(CH 2 ) 4 -phenyl, -CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-CH 2 -phenyl, -CH 2 -CH 2 -CH (CH 3 ) -phenyl and the like.
  • heteroaryl refers to a monocyclic or fused ring of 5 to 12 ring atoms having 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 ring atoms containing 1, 2 3 or 4 ring atoms independently selected from N, O, S, the remaining ring atoms being C, and having a fully conjugated ⁇ -electron system.
  • the heteroaryl group may be unsubstituted or independently substituted with one or more substituents including, but not limited to, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aralkyl, amino, halogen, hydroxy, cyano Base, nitro, carbonyl and heteroalicyclic groups.
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to, pyrrolyl, furyl, thienyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl , tetrazolyl, triazinyl.
  • heteroarylalkyl refers to an alkyl group substituted with a heteroaryl group as defined above, preferably a C1-6 alkyl group substituted with a heteroaryl group.
  • heteroaryl groups include, but are not limited to -CH 2 - pyrazolyl, - (CH 2) 2 - pyridinyl, - (CH 2) 3 - thienyl, -CH (CH 3) - pyrazol Zinyl, -CH 2 -CH(CH 3 )-furanyl and the like.
  • heteroalicyclic refers to a monocyclic or fused ring having from 3 to 12 ring atoms, having 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 ring atoms, Wherein 1 or 2 ring atoms are heteroatoms independently selected from N, O, S(O) n (where n is 0, 1 or 2), and the remaining ring atoms are C.
  • Such rings may be saturated or unsaturated (eg, having one or more double bonds), but do not have a fully conjugated ⁇ -electron system.
  • Examples of 3-membered saturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to Examples of 4-membered saturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to, Examples of 5-membered saturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to Examples of 6-membered saturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to Examples of 7-membered saturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to Examples of 5-membered unsaturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to Examples of 6-membered unsaturated heteroalicyclic rings include, but are not limited to
  • heteroalicyclic refers to a group remaining after the removal of one hydrogen atom from a "heteroalicyclic" molecule, the heteroalicyclic group may be unsubstituted or the hydrogen atom therein may be substituted by one or more
  • pharmaceutically acceptable salt means those salts which retain the biological effects and properties of the DPP-IV inhibitors of the present application and which are not biologically or otherwise unacceptable.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable salt does not interfere with the beneficial effects of the agents of the present application in inhibiting DPP-IV, including "pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts” and “pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts.”
  • pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salt refers to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free base, which are biologically or otherwise suitable and which employ inorganic acids or Organic acid to form.
  • salts refers to those which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free acid. Salts, the base addition salts are biologically or otherwise suitable. These salts are prepared by adding an inorganic base or an organic base to the free acid.
  • pharmaceutical composition refers to a formulation comprising one or more compounds of the present application, or salts thereof, and carriers generally accepted in the art for delivery of a biologically active compound to an organism (eg, a human).
  • the purpose of the pharmaceutical composition is to facilitate administration of the compounds of the present application to an organism.
  • pharmaceutically acceptable carrier refers to those carriers which have no significant irritation to an organism, such as a human, and which do not impair the biological activity and properties of the active compound.
  • “Pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” can also mean an inert substance that is administered with the active ingredient to facilitate administration of the active ingredient, including but not limited to those approved by the U.S.
  • glidants for use in humans or animals ( Any of the glidants, sweeteners, diluents, preservatives, dyes/colorants, flavor enhancers, surfactants, wetting agents, dispersing agents, disintegrating agents, suspending agents, stabilizers, for example, livestock)
  • Excipients such as isotonic agents, solvents or emulsifiers.
  • Non-limiting examples of such carriers include calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, various sugars and various types of starch, cellulose derivatives, gelatin, vegetable oils, and polyethylene glycols.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • Ring A is selected from a 6-membered aryl group or a 1-2 membered 5- to 6-membered heteroaryl group selected from N, O or S atoms;
  • X is selected from O or CH 2
  • Y is selected from N or CH, and when X is CH 2 , Y is not CH;
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from H, C 1-3 alkyl, -NH 2 or -OH;
  • Each R 4 is independently selected from halogen, -NH 2 , -OH, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy or benzyloxy;
  • Each R 5 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, halo, -CN, -OH, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 , or two R 5 groups attached to them
  • the A ring atoms together form a 5-7 membered ring;
  • R 6 is selected from H or C 1-6 alkyl
  • R 7 is selected from H, C 1-6 alkyl or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • Each R 8 is independently selected from -OH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl;
  • o and p are each independently selected from 1, 2 or 3;
  • n are each independently selected from 1 or 2.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula II or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • X is selected from O;
  • Y is selected from N or CH
  • R 1 is selected from -NH 2 or -OH
  • R 2 and R 3 are both H
  • R 4a and R 4b are each independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -NH 2 or -OH;
  • Each R 5 is independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • p is selected from 1 or 2;
  • R 6 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl;
  • R 7 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • Each R 8 is independently selected from -OH, -NH 2 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, C 3 cycloalkyl, C 4 cycloalkyl or C 5 cycloalkyl.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula III or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • X is selected from O;
  • Y is selected from N or CH
  • R 1 is selected from -NH 2 or -OH
  • R 2 and R 3 are both H
  • R 4a and R 4b are each independently selected from F, Cl, Br, -NH 2 or -OH;
  • R 5a and R 5b are each independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • R 6 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl;
  • R 7 is selected from H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • Each R 8 is independently selected from -OH, -NH 2 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, C 3 cycloalkyl, C 4 cycloalkyl or C 5 cycloalkyl.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • X is selected from O;
  • Y is selected from N or CH
  • R 1 is selected from -NH 2 or -OH
  • R 2 and R 3 are H;
  • R 4a and R 4b are each independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, -NH 2 , -OH;
  • the application provides a compound of Formula V or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • X is selected from O;
  • Y is selected from N or CH
  • R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are each independently selected from H, C 1-3 alkyl, -NH 2 or -OH;
  • Each R 4 is independently selected from halogen, -NH 2 , -OH, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, phenoxy or benzyloxy;
  • Each R 5 is independently selected from C 1-6 alkyl, halogen, -CN, -OH, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • R 6 is selected from H or C 1-6 alkyl
  • R 7 is selected from H, C 1-6 alkyl or -SO 2 R 8 ;
  • Each R 8 is independently selected from -OH, -NH 2 , C 1-6 alkyl or C 3-6 cycloalkyl;
  • o and p are each independently selected from 1, 2 or 3.
  • R 1 is preferably -NH 2 or -OH.
  • R 2 and R 3 are preferably H.
  • the compounds of formula V, R 4 is preferably F, Cl, Br, I, -NH 2 or -OH.
  • R 5 is preferably F, Cl, Br, I, -COOR 6, -NHR 7 , or -SO 2 R 8.
  • the compounds of Formula V, R 6 is preferably H, methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl.
  • R 7 is preferably H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, or -SO 2 R 8.
  • R 8 is preferably -OH, -NH 2 , methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, C 3 cycloalkyl, C 4 cycloalkyl. Or C 5 cycloalkyl.
  • o is preferably 2.
  • p is preferably 1 or 2.
  • the position of substitution of R 4 is preferably the position of R 4a and R 4b in the structure of Formula VI:
  • R 4a and R 4b are each independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -NH 2 or -OH, and the other groups are the same as defined in the above formula V.
  • p is preferably 2
  • the position of substitution of R 5 is preferably the position of R 5a and R 5b in the structure of Formula VII:
  • R 5a and R 5b are each independently selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 , and the other substituents are the same as defined in the above formula V.
  • p is preferably 1, and the position of substitution of R 5 is preferably the position of R 5a in the structure of Formula VIII:
  • R 5a is selected from the group consisting of F, Cl, Br, I, -COOR 6 , -NHR 7 or -SO 2 R 8 , and the other substituents are the same as defined in the above formula V.
  • the present application is preferably the following compound or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof:
  • the present application also provides a process for the preparation of a compound of formula I, which comprises the following synthetic scheme:
  • Compounds 1-6 can be synthesized using Synthetic Scheme 1. Halogenated phenol 1-7 with alkyl halide, benzyl halide or aromatic halide (metal catalyzed) to give halogenated aryl ether intermediate 1-1 in the presence of a base, intermediate 1-1 metallized by Grignard reagent and Weinreb amide reaction, ketone intermediate 1-2, intermediate 1-2 is selectively reduced by chiral metal catalyst to obtain compound 1-3, intermediate 1-3 is catalyzed by metal catalyst to obtain compound 1-4, intermediate 1 The double bond of -4 is sequentially subjected to a hydroboration reaction and an oxidation reaction to obtain an alcohol compound 1-5, and the alcoholic hydroxyl group of the intermediate 1-5 is catalytically oxidized to obtain a compound 1-6.
  • Compound 2-4 can be synthesized using Synthetic Scheme 2 (q is selected from 0, 1 or 2). Reaction of Intermediate 2-5 with N-iodosuccinimide gives iodine-substituted intermediate 2-1, intermediate 2-1 and chloroalkylsulfonyl chloride to give intermediate 2-2, intermediate 2 -2 is first catalyzed by metal catalysis with zinc powder to obtain intermediate 2-3, and intermediate 2-3 can be deprotected by acid to obtain compound 2-4.
  • Compound 3-4 can be synthesized using Synthetic Scheme 3. 4-Bromophthalimide 3-5 is reduced with borane to give intermediate 3-1, which is protected with Boc anhydride and base to give compound 3-2, intermediate 3-2 and alkyl Sodium sulfinate is catalyzed by cuprous ion and proline to give sulfone intermediate 3-3, and intermediate 3-3 can be deprotected with acid to give compound 3-4.
  • Compound 4-2 can be synthesized by Synthetic Scheme 4. 5-Amino-1-oxoisoindoline 4-3 is reacted with an alkylsulfonyl chloride to give the intermediate 4-1, and the intermediate 4-1 is reduced with borane to give the intermediate 4-2.
  • Compound 5-4 can be synthesized by Synthetic Scheme 5.
  • 5-Amino-1-oxoisoindoline 4-3 is reacted with N-chlorosuccinimide to give intermediate 5-1, which is first diazotized and then reacted with potassium iodide to give intermediate 5 -2, intermediate 5-2 is further reacted with sodium alkylsulfinate under the catalysis of cuprous ion and proline to obtain sulfone intermediate 5-3, and intermediate 5-3 is reduced with borane to obtain compound 5-4. .
  • Compound 6-3 can be synthesized by the synthesis scheme 6.
  • 5-Amino-1-oxoisoindoline 4-3 is first diazotized and then reacted with sulfur dioxide and cuprous chloride to give sulfonyl chloride intermediate 6-1, intermediate 6-1 is reacted with an amine to give intermediate 6- 2, further reduced by borane to give compound 6-3.
  • Compound 7-3 can be synthesized by Synthetic Scheme 7.
  • the reductive amination reaction of the ketone 7-4 with the amine 7-5 gives the intermediate 7-1, which is then reacted with an alkylsulfonyl chloride to give the intermediate 7-2.
  • the intermediate 7-2 is degreased under acidic conditions to give the final Compound 7-3.
  • Compound 8-2 can be synthesized by Synthetic Scheme 8. Reductive amination of ketone 8-3 with amine 8-4 affords intermediate 8-1 which is removed under acidic conditions to afford final compound 8-2.
  • the compound of the present application or a salt thereof can be administered as an active substance alone, preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the application provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite thereof, as active ingredient, and one or more pharmaceuticals An acceptable carrier.
  • Administration of a compound of the present application, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, can be carried out in pure form or in the form of a suitable pharmaceutical composition by any acceptable mode of administration which provides a medicament for similar use.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions of the present application can be prepared by combining the compounds of the present application with a suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, medium or excipient.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present application can be formulated into solid, semi-solid, liquid or gaseous preparations such as tablets, pills, capsules, powders, granules, ointments, emulsions, suspensions, solutions, suppositories, injections, inhalants, Gels, microspheres and aerosols, etc.
  • Typical routes of administration of a compound of the present application, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof include, but are not limited to, oral, rectal, transmucosal, enteral, or topical, transdermal, inhalation, parenteral, Sublingual, intravaginal, intranasal, intraocular, intraperitoneal, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous administration, and the like.
  • a preferred route of administration is oral administration.
  • the pharmaceutical composition of the present application can be produced by a method known to those skilled in the art, such as a conventional mixing method, a dissolution method, a granulation method, a sugar-coating method, a grinding method, an emulsification method, a freeze-drying method, and the like.
  • the pharmaceutical composition is in oral form.
  • the pharmaceutical composition can be formulated by admixing the active compound with apharmaceutically acceptable carrier which is well known in the art. These carriers enable the compounds of the present application to be formulated into tablets, pills, troches, dragees, capsules, liquids, gels, slurries, suspensions and the like for oral administration to a patient.
  • Solid oral pharmaceutical compositions can be prepared by conventional methods of mixing, filling or tabletting. For example, you can pass The method obtains: mixing the active compound with a solid excipient, optionally milling the resulting mixture, adding other suitable excipients if necessary, and then processing the mixture into granules to give tablets or dragees Core.
  • suitable excipients include, but are not limited to, binders, diluents, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants, sweeteners or flavoring agents, and the like.
  • microcrystalline cellulose glucose solution, gum arabic, gelatin solution, sucrose and starch paste
  • talc starch, magnesium stearate, calcium stearate or stearic acid
  • lactose sucrose, starch, mannitol, sorbus Sugar alcohol or dicalcium phosphate
  • silica croscarmellose sodium, pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate, alginic acid, corn starch, potato starch, methyl cellulose, agar, carboxymethyl fiber Or cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • the core of the dragee may optionally be coated according to methods well known in the ordinary pharmaceutical practice, especially using enteric coatings.
  • compositions of the present application may also be suitable for parenteral administration, such as sterile solutions, suspensions or lyophilized products in a suitable unit dosage form.
  • suitable excipients such as fillers, buffers or surfactants can be used.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite, or pharmaceutical composition thereof, for use in the treatment or prevention of a disease that would benefit from DPP-IV inhibition And the use of drugs in the condition.
  • the application provides a method for treating a disease or condition that is beneficial for DPP-IV inhibition, the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, Solvate, polymorph, metabolite or pharmaceutical composition thereof.
  • the application provides a compound of Formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, polymorph, metabolite, or medicament thereof, for use in the treatment of a disease or condition that would benefit from DPP-IV inhibition combination.
  • the disease or condition benefiting from DPP-IV inhibition is selected from the group consisting of insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, type II diabetes, diabetic lipemia abnormality, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), fasting plasma glucose reduction (IFG), metabolism Acidosis, ketosis, appetite regulation, obesity, various cancers, neurological disorders or immune system disorders, etc., preferably include type II diabetes or obesity.
  • the substituted amino six-membered heteroalicyclic compounds provided herein have very good DPP-IV inhibitory activity, activity comparable to or superior to that of Omarigliptin, and have very good in vivo metabolic levels and very long in vivo half-lives, It is a long-acting DPP-IV inhibitor.
  • Nuclear magnetic resonance chromatography was measured using a Varian VNMR S-400 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer; LC/MS was performed using FINNIGAN Thermo LCQ Advantage MAX, Agilent LC 1200 series (column: Waters Symmetry C18, x 50 mm, 5 ⁇ m, 35 ° C) in ESI (+) ion mode.
  • 2-(tert-Butoxycarbonylamino)pent-4-ynoic acid (20.22 g, 94.9 mmol) was dissolved in acetonitrile (200 mL) and then 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N , N', N'-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate (HATU) (43.27 g, 113.9 mmol), N,O-dimethylhydroxylamine hydrochloride (11.11 g, 113.9 mmol) and triethylamine (46.2 mL, 332.2 mmol), stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. The reaction solution was poured into 1500 mL of water and extracted with ethyl acetate three times.
  • HATU 2-(7-azobenzotriazole)-N,N , N', N'-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate
  • Step 5 tert-Butyl 1-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-oxopenta-4-yn-2-ylcarbamate
  • 2,5-Difluorobromobenzene (11.58 g, 60 mmol) was dissolved in 25 mL of toluene and cooled to -10 °C - 5 °C.
  • Lithium bromide (2.61 g, 30 mmol) was added, and a solution of isopropylmagnesium chloride in tetrahydrofuran (2M, 33 ml, 66 mmol) was added dropwise over 1.5 hr.
  • Step 6 (1R,2S)-1-(2,5-difluorophenyl)-1-hydroxypent-4-yn-2-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 7 (2R,3S)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 8 (2R,3S)-2-(2,5-Difluorophenyl)-5-hydroxytetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 2 2-(3-Chloropropylsulfonyl)-3-iodo-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-5(2H)-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 3 6-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydropyrrolo 13',4':3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-b][1,2 Thiazide-1,1 dioxide
  • Step 1 3-Methyl-2-((2-(trimethylsilyl)ethoxy)methyl)-4,6-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole-5 (2H )-tert-butyl carboxylate
  • 4-Chloro-5-aminoisoindolin-1-one (2.58 g, 14 mmol) was added to 15 mL of 2M sulfuric acid and cooled in ice. A solution of sodium nitrite (0.97 g, 28 mmol) and water (1.5 mL) was added dropwise and stirred at low temperature for 30 minutes. Further, potassium iodide (11.62 g, 70 mmol) was added, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours under ice-cooling, and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. Extract with dichloromethane, wash the organic phase with water and wash with brine.
  • 5-Aminoisoindol-1-one (5.92 g, 40 mmol) was added to a mixed solvent of concentrated hydrochloric acid / glacial acetic acid (13.3 / 4.0 mL) and cooled in an ice bath. A solution of sodium nitrite (3.04 g, 28 mmol) and water (4.4 mL) was added dropwise, and stirred at low temperature for 30 minutes. At the same time, glacial acetic acid was added to another flask, sulfur dioxide was added to saturation, and cuprous chloride (0.99 g, 10 mmol) was added, and sulfur dioxide was continuously added to the solid to be completely dissolved.
  • the diazonium salt solution prepared above was slowly added dropwise, stirred at low temperature for half an hour, and stirred at room temperature for 1 hour.
  • the mixture was extracted with dichloromethane, washed with water, dried and dried to give 1- oxoiso phthal MS m/z [ESI]: 232.0 [M + 1].
  • 1-oxoisoindoline-5-sulfonyl chloride (463 mg, 2 mmol) was added to 20 mL of acetonitrile. Concentrated aqueous ammonia (1 mL, 12 mmol) was added dropwise and stirred for 3 hours. Neutralize with 6N hydrochloric acid to neutrality.
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydropyrrolo[3',4':3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-b ][1,2]thiazide-1,1-dioxy-6-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-ylcarbamic acid tert-butyl ester
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydropyrrolo[3',4':3,4]pyrazolo[1,5-b ][1,2]thiazine-1,1-dioxide-6-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine
  • Step 1 5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-3-A 1,1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole
  • Step 2 5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-3-A 1-methylsulfonyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole
  • Step 3 5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-Amino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-3-methyl-1- Methanesulfonyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrazole
  • Step 1 5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-5,6 -dihydro-4H-thieno[3,2-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
  • Step 2 5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-Amino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)-5,6-dihydro- 4H-thieno[3,2-c]pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Methanesulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3 - tert-butyl carbamate
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Methanesulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3 -amine
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Methanesulfonamidoisoindol-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran- Tert-butyl 3-carbamic acid
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Methanesulfonamidoisoindol-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 3-amine
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Bromoisoindol-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl Tert-butyl carbamate
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-Bromoisoindol-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-amine
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-chloro-5-methanesulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H- Tert-butyl pyran-3-ylcarbamate
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-chloro-5-methanesulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H- Pyran-3-amine
  • Step 1 2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-tert-Butoxycarbonylamino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)isoporphyrin -5-sulfonamide
  • Step 2 2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-Amino-6-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3-yl)isoindoline-5-sulfonate Amide
  • Step 1 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-cyclopropanesulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran- Tert-butyl 3-carbamic acid
  • Step 2 (2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-cyclopropylsulfonylisoindoline-2-yl)-2-(2,5-difluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran- 3-amine
  • HEPES buffer Prepare 50mL 0.5M HEPES buffer with 1M HEPES buffer (Invitrogen, Catalog No. 15630-080): Take 1M HEPES buffer 25mL, add appropriate amount of ddH 2 O (re-distilled water), adjust with NaOH pH to 7.8, and finally add ddH 2 O to 50 ml.
  • Rat plasma Rat eyelids were bled, added with heparin anticoagulation, centrifuged at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant plasma was taken as the enzyme source of DPP-IV.
  • DPP-IV enzyme reaction substrate H-Gly-Pro-AMC glycine-valine-7-amino-4-methylcoumarin
  • Test compound positive control compound Omarigliptin and some of the compounds of the present application examples
  • test compound Dilute the test compound from 10 mM to 1 mM (100 times the final concentration) with DMSO, then perform a 3-fold gradient dilution on a 96-well plate for a total of 11 concentrations, add DMSO to the 12-well as a blank control, and then use the enzyme.
  • the reaction buffer is diluted 25 times to 4 times the final concentration for use;
  • a compound IC 50 for inhibiting generation DPP-IV GraFit6 using software to calculate IC 50 values of the compounds.
  • the pharmacokinetic parameters of the compounds of the present application were determined using the following method.
  • Blood was collected at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 24 hours after administration. After anesthesia with a small animal anesthesia machine, 0.3 mL whole blood was collected through the fundus venous plexus, placed in a heparin anticoagulation tube, and the sample was centrifuged at 4 ° C, 4000 rpm for 5 min, and the plasma was transferred to a centrifuge tube and placed in -80 °C is saved until analysis.
  • Plasma sample analysis was performed using a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Plasma concentration-time data for individual animals were analyzed using WinNonlin (Professional, Version 6.3; Pharsight) software. Non-compartmental models were used for concentration analysis. Calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters of the compound as shown in Table 2 below:
  • the human liver microsomes frozen in the -80 °C refrigerator were thawed on ice, and immediately after thawing, 100 ⁇ L to 60 ° C, 100 rpm incubator was incubated (1 hour), and the remaining liver microsomes were immediately placed at -80 ° C. Refrigerate in the refrigerator. After 1 hour, 100 ⁇ L of inactivated liver microsomes were taken out, mixed with 400 ⁇ L of phosphate buffer to form 4 mg/mL inactivated liver microsome solution; and human liver microsomes frozen in -80 ° C refrigerator were placed on ice. After melting, remove 100 ⁇ L of 400 ⁇ L phosphate buffer and mix it into 4 mg/mL liver microsome solution. Prepare the positive control and the test mixture and the negative control mixture in parallel according to Table 3 below:
  • the mixture was incubated for 5 minutes at 37 ° C in a constant temperature shaking box at 100 rpm.
  • the reaction was terminated, and the sample for termination of the reaction was centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was taken for injection detection.
  • the quantification of the analyte is defined as the ratio of the peak area of the analyte to the peak area of the internal standard.
  • the analysis was carried out using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).
  • the parameters such as IC50 were calculated using Graphpad Prism (version 5.03) software. The results are shown in Table 5 below:
  • mice Thirty-six female ob/ob mice were randomly divided into 6 groups, 6 in each group, which were model control group, 1 mg/kg compound group of Example 4, 3 mg/kg compound group of Example 4, and 10 mg/kg of Example 4 Compound group, 30 mg/kg compound group of Example 4 and positive control 30 mg/kg Omarigliptin group.
  • Each group of mice was orally administered with different doses of the compound of Example 4 or Omarigliptin, and the model control group was orally administered with 0.25% CMC-Na before and 2, 4, 10, 24, 34, 48, 58, 72 after administration. Blood was taken at 96 h, serum was separated, and serum DPP-IV activity was measured.

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Abstract

本申请涉及作为长效的DPP-IV抑制剂的通式I所示的取代的氨基六元饱和杂脂环类、其制备方法、其药物组合物及其在治疗和/或预防受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症中的用途。

Description

作为长效DPP-IV抑制剂的取代的氨基六元饱和杂脂环类 技术领域
本申请涉及新的具有二肽基肽酶-IV(DPP-IV)长效抑制活性的氨基六元饱和杂脂环衍生物、其制备方法、其药物组合物,及其在治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症中的用途。
背景技术
二肽基肽酶IV(DPP-IV)是一种丝氨酸蛋白酶,能迅速将肽链的N端为脯氨酸或丙氨酸的蛋白质裂解,负责体内某些内源性肽(如GLP-1和GIP)的代谢性裂解,并已经证明有体外对抗多种其它肽(如GHRH、NPY、GLP-2和VIP)的蛋白分解活性。由于DPP-IV的降解,体内GLP-1、GIP迅速失活,因此抑制DPP-IV的活性可以大大延长体内的GLP-1和GIP生理活性的持续时间,从而间接调控胰岛素的分泌,最终起到控制血糖的作用。
DPP-IV抑制剂作为一种新型的糖尿病治疗手段,具有葡萄糖依赖性的刺激胰岛素分泌的作用,在控制血糖过程中不易发生低血糖的副作用,还具有保留胰岛β细胞功能等特点;胃肠道反应少,耐受性好;可以口服给药而不需注射给药;与现有的口服降糖药疗效相当。
基于以上特点,DPP-IV抑制剂可用于预防和/或治疗由DPP-IV介导的疾病和病症,如糖尿病和肥胖等,尤其是II型糖尿病。
目前已有sitagliptin,vildagliptin,saxagliptin,linagliptin,alogliptin,anagliptin,gemigliptin,teneligliptin等八个DPP-IV抑制剂成功上市,在II/III期临床研究阶段的有五个DPP-IV抑制剂,以及还有更多的DPP-IV抑制剂处于I期临床阶段和临床前研究阶段。
由于糖尿病属于慢性疾病,患者需要终生用药,因此用药的便利性对患者能否坚持治疗有着直接影响。因此,依然亟需新的DPP-IV抑制剂,特别是长效的DPP-IV抑制剂。
发明内容
一方面,本申请提供了通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000001
其中,
A环选自6元芳基或含有1-2个选自N、O或S原子的5-6元杂芳基;
X选自O或CH2,Y选自N或CH,并且当X为CH2时,Y不为CH;
R1、R2和R3分别独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、-NH2或-OH;
每个R4独立地选自卤素、-NH2、-OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、苯氧基或苄氧基;
每个R5独立地选自C1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-OH、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,或者两个R5基团与和它们相连接的A环原子一起组成5-7元环;
R6选自H或C1-6烷基;
R7选自H、C1-6烷基或-SO2R8
每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
o和p分别独立地选自1、2或3;
m和n分别独立地选自1或2。
另一方面,本申请提供了药物组合物,其含有通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物作为活性成分,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。
再一方面,本申请提供了通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或者其药物组合物在制备用于治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的药物中的用途。
再一方面,本申请提供了用于治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的个体给予通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或者其药物组合物。
再一方面,本申请提供了用于治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或者其药物组合物。
附图说明
图1显示了实施例4的化合物对大鼠血浆DPP-IV活性的抑制离体实验结果。在口服剂量为5毫克/千克体重下,实施例4的化合物对大鼠血浆DPP-IV活性的抑制在120小时时仍能达到近50%,可以满足长效抑制剂的要求。
图2显示了实施例4的化合物和Omarigliptin在不同剂量下单次给药后对ob/ob小鼠血清DPP-IV活性的抑制作用。
发明的详细说明
在以下的说明中,包括某些具体的细节以对各个公开的实施方案提供全面的理解。然而,相关领域的技术人员会认识到,不采用一个或多个这些具体的细节,而采用其它方法、部件、 材料等的情况下可实现实施方案。
除非本申请中另外要求,在整个说明书和其后的权利要求书中,词语“包括(comprise)”及其英文变体例如“包括(comprises)”和“包括(comprising)”应解释为开放式的、含括式的意义,即“包括但不限于”。
在整个本说明书中提到的“一实施方案”或“实施方案”或“在另一实施方案中”或“在某些实施方案中”意指在至少一实施方案中包括与该实施方案所述的相关的具体参考要素、结构或特征。因此,在整个说明书中不同位置出现的短语“在一实施方案中”或“在实施方案中”或“在另一实施方案中”或“在某些实施方案中”不必全部指同一实施方案。此外,具体要素、结构或特征可以任何适当的方式在一个或多个实施方案中结合。
应当理解,在本申请说明书和附加的权利要求书中用到的单数形式的冠词“一”(对应于英文“a”、“an”和“the”)包括复数的对象,除非文中另外明确地规定。因此,例如提到的包括“催化剂”的反应包括一种催化剂,或两种或多种催化剂。还应当理解,术语“或”通常以其包括“和/或”的含义而使用,除非文中另外明确地规定。
化学术语及定义
本文所用的术语“化合物”包括化合物的所有立体异构体形式、几何异构体形式、互变异构体形式和同位素形式。
本申请所述化合物可以是不对称的,例如,具有一个或多个立体异构体。除非另有说明,所有的立体异构体,如对映异构体和非对映异构体都包括在本申请的范围内。本申请的含有不对称碳原子的化合物可以以光学活性纯的形式或外消旋形式被分离出来。光学活性纯的形式可以通过拆分从外消旋混合物中分离出,或通过使用手性原料或手性试剂来合成。
本申请的化合物还包括互变异构体形式。互变异构体形式来源于一个单键与相邻的双键之间的交换并一起伴随一个质子的迁移。
本申请还包括所有同位素的原子,无论是在中间体或最终的化合物中。同位素的原子包括具有相同的原子数,但不同质量数的原子。例如,氢的同位素包括氚和氘。
术语“卤素”是指氟、氯、溴或碘。
术语“羟基”指-OH。
术语“羧基”指-COOH。
术语“氰基”指-CN。
本文所用的术语“磺酰基”指-SO2-烷基、-SO2-环烷基和-SO2-芳基。
本文所用的术语“氨基”是指-NH2、-NH(烷基)和-N(烷基)2,氨基的具体例子包括但不 限于-NH2、-NHCH3、-NHCH(CH3)2、-N(CH3)2、-NHC2H5、-N(CH3)C2H5等。
本文所用的术语“烷基”是指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成的直链或支链的饱和脂肪烃基团,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基等。所述特定烷基包括其所有的同分异构体形式,例如,丙基包括-CH2CH2CH3和-CH(CH3)2,丁基包括-CH2CH2CH2CH3、-CH(CH3)(CH2CH3)、-C(CH3)3和-CH2CH(CH3)2。术语“C1-6烷基”指具有1-6个碳原子的烷基。术语“C1-4烷基”指具有1-4个碳原子的烷基。术语“C1-3烷基”指具有1-3个碳原子的烷基。所述“烷基”、“C1-8烷基”、“C1-6烷基”或“C1-3烷基”可以是未取代的或是被一个或多个独立地选自羟基、卤素或氨基的取代基取代。
本文所用的术语“环烷基”是指仅由碳原子和氢原子组成的全碳的环状饱和烃基团,如C3-20环烷基,优选为C3-6环烷基,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基等。所述环烷基可以是未取代的或被一个或多个取代基独立地取代,所述的取代基包括但不限于烷基、烷氧基、氰基、羧基、芳基、杂芳基、氨基、卤素、磺酰基、亚磺酰基、磷酰基和羟基。
本文所用的术语“芳基”是指具有完全共轭的π电子体系的全碳单环或稠合环,其具有6-14个碳原子,优选具有6-12个碳原子,最优选具有6个碳原子。芳基可以是未取代的或被一个或多个取代基独立地取代,所述取代基的实例包括但不限于烷基、烷氧基、芳基、芳烷基、氨基、卤素、羟基、磺酰基、亚磺酰基、磷酰基和杂脂环基。芳基的非限制性实例包括但不限于苯基、萘基和蒽基。
本文所用的术语“芳基烷基”指被如上文所定义的芳基取代的烷基,优选被芳基取代的C1-6烷基。芳基烷基的非限制性实例包括但不限于-CH2-苯基、-(CH2)2-苯基、-(CH2)3-苯基、-CH(CH3)-苯基、-CH2-CH(CH3)-苯基、-(CH2)4-苯基、-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-苯基、-CH2-CH2-CH(CH3)-苯基等。
本文所用的术语“杂芳基”是指5-12个环原子的单环或稠合环,具有5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12个环原子,其中含有1、2、3或4个独立地选自N、O、S的环原子,其余环原子为C,且具有完全共轭的π-电子体系。杂芳基可以是未取代的或被一个或多个取代基独立地取代,所述的取代基包括但不限于烷基、烷氧基、芳基、芳烷基、氨基、卤素、羟基、氰基、硝基、羰基和杂脂环基。杂芳基的非限制性实例包括但不限于吡咯基、呋喃基、噻吩基、咪唑基、噁唑基、吡唑基、吡啶基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、喹啉基、异喹啉基、四唑基、三嗪基。
本文所用的术语“杂芳基烷基”指被如上文所定义的杂芳基取代的烷基,优选被杂芳基取代的C1-6烷基。杂芳基烷基的非限制性实例包括但不限于-CH2-吡唑基、-(CH2)2-吡啶基、-(CH2)3-噻吩基、-CH(CH3)-吡嗪基、-CH2-CH(CH3)-呋喃基等。
本文所用的术语“杂脂环”是指具有3-12个环原子的单环或稠合环,具有3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、11或12个环原子,其中1或2个环原子是独立地选自N、O、S(O)n(其中n为0、1或2)的杂原子,其余环原子为C。这样的环可以是饱和的或不饱和的(例如具有一个或多个双键),但是不具有完全共轭的π-电子体系。3元饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000002
4元饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000003
5元饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000005
6元饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000006
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000007
7元饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000008
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000009
5元不饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000011
6元不饱和杂脂环的实例包括但不限于
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000013
本文所用的术语“杂脂环基”是指“杂脂环”分子中去掉1个氢原子后余下的基团,杂脂环基可以是未取代的或者其中的氢原子被一个或多个取代基独立地取代,所述的取代基包括但不限于烷基、烷氧基、=O、芳基、芳烷基、-COOH、-CN、氨基、卤素或羟基。
本文所用的术语“药物可接受的盐”意指保留本申请的DPP-IV抑制剂的生物效应及性质且并非生物学上或其他方面不可接受的那些盐。举例而言,药物可接受的盐并不干扰本申请的作用剂抑制DPP-IV的有益作用,其包括“药物可接受的酸加合盐”和“药物可接受的碱加合盐”。
本文所用的术语“药物可接受的酸加合盐”指保持游离碱的生物学有效性和性质的那些盐,所述酸加合盐是在生物学或其它方面合适的并且是使用无机酸或有机酸来形成的。
本文所用的术语“药物可接受的碱加合盐”指保持游离酸的生物学有效性和性质的那些 盐,所述碱加合盐在生物学或其它方面是合适的。向游离酸中加入无机碱或有机碱来制备这些盐。
本文所用的术语“药物组合物”是指包含一种或多种本申请的化合物或其盐以及在本领域中通常接受的用于将生物活性化合物递送至有机体(例如人)内的载体的制剂。药物组合物的目的是有利于对有机体给予本申请的化合物。
本文所用的术语“药学上可接受的载体”是指对有机体(例如人)无明显的刺激作用,而且不会损害活性化合物的生物活性及性能的那些载体。“药学上可接受的载体”还可指与活性成分一同给药的、有利于活性成分给药的惰性物质,包括但不限于被美国食品药品管理局许可为可接受的用于人或动物(例如家畜)的任何助流剂、增甜剂、稀释剂、防腐剂、染料/着色剂、矫味增强剂、表面活性剂、润湿剂、分散剂、崩解剂、助悬剂、稳定剂、等渗剂、溶剂或乳化剂等赋形剂。所述载体的非限制性实例包括碳酸钙、磷酸钙、各种糖和各类淀粉、纤维素衍生物、明胶、植物油和聚乙二醇。
通式I的化合物
一方面,本申请提供了通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000014
其中,
A环选自6元芳基或含有1-2个选自N、O或S原子的5-6元杂芳基;
X选自O或CH2,Y选自N或CH,并且当X为CH2时,Y不为CH;
R1、R2和R3分别独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、-NH2或-OH;
每个R4独立地选自卤素、-NH2、-OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、苯氧基或苄氧基;
每个R5独立地选自C1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-OH、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,或者两个R5基团与和它们相连接的A环原子一起组成5-7元环;
R6选自H或C1-6烷基;
R7选自H、C1-6烷基或-SO2R8
每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
o和p分别独立地选自1、2或3;
m和n分别独立地选自1或2。
另一方面,本申请提供了式II所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000015
其中,
X选自O;
Y选自N或CH;
R1选自-NH2或-OH;
R2和R3均为H;
R4a和R4b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH;
每个R5独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
p选自1或2;
R6选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基;
R7选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
另一方面,本申请提供了式III所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000016
其中,
X选自O;
Y选自N或CH;
R1选自-NH2或-OH;
R2和R3均为H;
R4a和R4b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、-NH2或-OH;
R5a和R5b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
R6选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基;
R7选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
另一方面,本申请提供了式IV所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000017
其中,
X选自O;
Y选自N或CH;
R1选自-NH2或-OH;
R2和R3为H;
R4a和R4b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、-NH2、-OH;
R5c和R5d与和它们相连接的吡唑环原子一起形成5、6或7元非芳香环,所述5、6或7元非芳香环优选地包含1、2或3个选自N、O或S杂原子,并且所述5、6或7元非芳香环更优选地包含-SO2-基团。
另一方面,本申请提供了式V所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000018
其中,
X选自O;
Y选自N或CH;
R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、-NH2或-OH;
每个R4独立地选自卤素、-NH2、-OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、苯氧基或苄氧基;
每个R5独立地选自C1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-OH、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
R6选自H或C1-6烷基;
R7选自H、C1-6烷基或-SO2R8
每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
o和p分别独立地选自1、2或3。
在一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R1优选为-NH2或-OH。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R2和R3优选为H。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R4优选为F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R5优选为F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R6优选为H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R7优选为H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R8优选为-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,o优选为2。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,p优选为1或2。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,R4的取代位置优选地为如下式VI所示结构中的R4a和R4b的位置:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000019
其中,R4a和R4b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH,以及其他基团与前述式V中的定义相同。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,p优选为2,并且R5的取代位置优选地 为如下式VII所示结构中的R5a和R5b的位置:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000020
其中,R5a和R5b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,以及其他取代基与前述式V中的定义相同。
在另一个实施方案中,在式V所示的化合物中,p优选为1,并且R5的取代位置优选地为如下式VIII所示结构中的R5a的位置:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000021
其中,R5a选自F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,以及其他取代基与前述式V中的定义相同。
本申请优选下述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000023
通式I的化合物的制备方法
再一方面,本申请还提供了制备通式I所示化合物的方法,其包括以下合成方案:
合成方案1
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000024
化合物1-6可以使用合成方案1合成。卤代的酚1-7与烷基卤、苄卤或芳卤(需金属催化)在碱存在下得到卤代芳醚中间体1-1,中间体1-1经格氏试剂金属化后和Weinreb酰胺反应,得到酮中间体1-2,中间体1-2经手性金属催化剂选择性还原得到化合物1-3,中间体1-3经金属催化剂催化关环得到化合物1-4,中间体1-4的双键依次经硼氢化反应和氧化反应得到醇化合物1-5,中间体1-5的醇羟基经催化氧化得到化合物1-6。
合成方案2
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000025
化合物2-4可以使用合成方案2合成(q选自0、1或2)。中间体2-5与N-碘代丁二酰亚胺的反应得到碘取代的中间体2-1,中间体2-1和氯烷基磺酰氯的反应得到中间体2-2,中间体2-2先与锌粉金属化后金属催化闭环得中间体2-3,中间体2-3可被酸脱去保护基得化合物2-4。
合成方案3
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000026
化合物3-4可以使用合成方案3合成。4-溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺3-5经硼烷还原得到中间体3-1,中间体3-1用Boc酸酐和碱进行保护得到化合物3-2,中间体3-2与烷基亚磺酸钠在亚铜离子和脯氨酸催化下得砜类中间体3-3,中间体3-3可用酸脱保护得化合物3-4。
合成方案4
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000027
化合物4-2可以通过合成方案4合成。5-氨基-1-氧代异吲哚啉4-3与烷基磺酰氯反应得到中间体4-1,中间体4-1经硼烷还原得到中间体4-2。
合成方案5
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000028
化合物5-4可以通过合成方案5合成。5-氨基-1-氧代异吲哚啉4-3与N-氯代丁二酰亚胺反应得到中间体5-1,中间体5-1先重氮化再与碘化钾反应得到中间体5-2,中间体5-2再与烷基亚磺酸钠在亚铜离子和脯氨酸的催化下得砜类中间体5-3,中间体5-3经硼烷还原得到化合物5-4。
合成方案6
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000029
化合物6-3可以通过合成方案6合成。5-氨基-1-氧代异吲哚啉4-3先重氮化再与二氧化硫和氯化亚铜反应得到磺酰氯中间体6-1,中间体6-1与胺反应得到中间体6-2,再经硼烷还原得到化合物6-3。
合成方案7
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000030
化合物7-3可以通过合成方案7合成。酮7-4与胺7-5进行还原氨化反应得到中间体7-1,再与烷基磺酰氯反应得到中间体7-2,中间体7-2在酸性条件下脱除保护基得到最终化合物7-3。
合成方案8
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000031
化合物8-2可以通过合成方案8合成。酮8-3与胺8-4进行还原氨化反应得到中间体8-1,中间体8-1在酸性条件下脱除保护基得到最终化合物8-2。
上述合成方案只是示例性地列举了本申请中部分化合物的制备方法,本领域的普通技术人员在上述合成方案的基础上,采用类似的方法也可合成本申请中的化合物。
药物组合物
本申请的化合物或其盐可以作为活性物质单独给药,优选以其药物组合物的形式给药。
另一方面,本申请提供了药物组合物,其含有通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物作为活性成分,以及一种或多种药学上可接受的载体。
本申请化合物或其药学上可接受的盐的给药可以以纯的形式或适宜的药物组合物的形式通过提供类似用途的药物的任何可接受的给药方式来进行。本申请的药物组合物可通过将本申请的化合物与适宜的药学上可接受的载体、稀释剂、介质或赋形剂相组合而制备。本申请的药物组合物可配制成固态、半固态、液态或气态制剂,如片剂、丸剂、胶囊剂、粉剂、颗粒剂、膏剂、乳剂、悬浮剂、溶液剂、栓剂、注射剂、吸入剂、凝胶剂、微球及气溶胶等等。
本申请的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或其药物组合物的典型的给药途径包括但不限于口服、直肠、透黏膜、经肠给药,或者局部、经皮、吸入、肠胃外、舌下、阴道内、鼻内、眼内、腹膜内、肌内、皮下、静脉内给药等。优选的给药途径是口服给药。
本申请的药物组合物可以采用本领域普通技术人员所知悉的方法制造,如常规的混合法、溶解法、制粒法、制糖衣药丸法、磨细法、乳化法、冷冻干燥法等。
在优选的实施方案中,药物组合物是口服形式的。对于口服给药,可以通过将活性化合物与本领域熟知的药学上可接受的载体混合,来配制该药物组合物。这些载体能使本申请的化合物被配制成片剂、丸剂、锭剂、糖衣剂、胶囊剂、液体、凝胶剂、浆剂、悬浮剂等,用于对患者口服给药。
可以通过常规的混合、填充或压片方法来制备固体口服药物组合物。例如,可通过下 述方法获得:将所述的活性化合物与固体赋形剂混合,任选地碾磨所得的混合物,如果需要则加入其它合适的辅料,然后将该混合物加工成颗粒,得到了片剂或糖衣剂的核心。适合的辅料包括但不限于:粘合剂、稀释剂、崩解剂、润滑剂、助流剂、甜味剂或矫味剂等。如微晶纤维素、葡萄糖溶液、阿拉伯胶浆、明胶溶液、蔗糖和淀粉糊;滑石、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、硬脂酸钙或硬脂酸;乳糖、蔗糖、淀粉、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇或磷酸二钙;二氧化硅:交联羧甲基纤维素钠、预胶化淀粉、淀粉羟乙酸钠、藻酸、玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、甲基纤维素、琼脂、羧甲基纤维素、交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等。可以根据通常药物实践中公知的方法任选地对糖衣剂的核心进行包衣,尤其使用肠溶包衣。
本申请的药物组合物还可适用于肠胃外给药,如合适的单位剂型的无菌溶液剂、混悬剂或冻干产品。能够使用适当的赋形剂,例如填充剂、缓冲剂或表面活性剂。
治疗用途
一方面,本申请提供了通式I的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或其药物组合物在制备用于治疗或预防受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的药物中的用途。
再一方面,本申请提供了用于治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的方法,所述方法包括向有需要的个体给予通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或者其药物组合物。
再一方面,本申请提供了用于治疗受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型、代谢物或者其药物组合物。
所述受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病或病症选自胰岛素抵抗、高血糖症、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性脂血异常、葡萄糖耐量减低(IGT)症、禁食血浆葡萄糖减低(IFG)症、代谢性酸中毒、酮症、食欲调节、肥胖症、各种癌症、神经系统病症或免疫系统病症等,优选地包括II型糖尿病或肥胖症。
本申请提供的取代的氨基六元杂脂环类化合物具有非常好的DPP-IV抑制活性,其活性与Omarigliptin的活性相当或更优,并且具有非常好的体内代谢水平和非常长的体内半衰期,是长效的DPP-IV抑制剂类药物。
实施例
下面的具体实施例,其目的是使本领域的技术人员能更清楚地理解和实施本发明。它们不应该被认为是对本发明范围的限制,而只是本发明的示例性说明和典型代表。本 领域技术人员应该理解:还有形成本申请的化合物的其它合成途径,下面提供的是非限制性的实施例。
凡涉及易氧化或易水解的原料的所有操作都在氮气保护下进行。除非另有说明,本申请使用的原料都是市场上直接买到未经进一步纯化直接使用的。
柱层析色谱采用青岛化工有限公司生产的硅胶(200-300目)。薄层色谱采用E.Merck公司生产的预制板(硅胶60PF254,0.25毫米)。手性化合物分离和对映体过量值(ee)测定使用Agilent LC 1200series(柱子:CHIRALPAK AD-H,
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000032
x 250毫米,5微米,30℃)。核磁共振色谱(NMR)使用Varian VNMRS-400核磁共振仪测定;液质连用(LC/MS)使用FINNIGAN Thermo LCQ Advantage MAX,Agilent LC 1200series(柱子:Waters Symmetry C18,
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000033
x 50毫米,5微米,35℃),采用ESI(+)离子模式。
中间体1:(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-氧代四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000034
步骤1:2-(二苯甲基亚氨基)乙酸甲酯
甘氨酸甲酯盐酸盐(39.4g,0.314mol)溶于300mL二氯甲烷中,搅拌下一次性加入二苯甲酮亚胺(50.0g,0.276mol),反应液在室温下搅拌1天。过滤除掉生成的固体,滤液分别用水、碳酸钠溶液、饱和盐水洗,蒸发浓缩得油状产物2-(二苯甲基亚氨基)乙酸甲酯(64.2g),冷却后固化,直接用于下步反应,收率:92%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):6=7.66(2H,m),7.45(4H,m),7.35(2H,m),7.17(2H,m),4.22(2H,s),3.74(3H,s)。
步骤2:2-(二苯甲基亚氨基)戊-4-炔酸甲酯
搅拌条件下,向2-(二苯甲基亚氨基)乙酸甲酯(64.2g,0.254mol)、炔丙基溴(27.8mL,0.322mol)和溴化四正丁胺(8.66g,26.9mmol)的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(600mL)中加入碳酸铯 (175.4g,0.538mol)。加毕在50℃搅拌反应2天。滤去固体,滤饼用少量甲基叔丁基醚(MTBE)洗涤,滤液浓缩至300mL直接用于下步反应。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.66(2H,m),7.45(4H,m),7.35(2H,m),7.17(2H,m),4.32(1H,m),3.73(3H,s),2.83(2H,m),1.95(1H,s)。
步骤3:2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酸
向上步所得浓缩溶液中加入1N盐酸280mL,室温搅拌直至TLC显示2-(二苯甲基亚氨基)戊-4-炔酸甲酯消失,大约需要12小时。分去有机相,水相用甲基叔丁基醚萃取,弃去有机相。水相加入50%氢氧化钠溶液(18.75N,0.712mol),搅拌2小时。加入50mL水,再加入Boc酸酐(61.0g,0.28mol)的甲基叔丁基醚溶液(200mL)。混合物室温搅拌6小时,冰浴冷却下用10%盐酸酸化至pH为3。分出有机相,水相用甲基叔丁基醚萃取,合并有机相,干燥浓缩得到产物2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酸(38.8g),两步收率72%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.65(1H,brs),5.36(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.52(1H,m),2.77(2H,m),2.08(1H,s),1.46(9H,s)。
步骤4:2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酰-(N-甲氧基-N-甲基)胺
将2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酸(20.22g,94.9mmol)溶于乙腈(200mL),再分别加入2-(7-偶氮苯并三氮唑)-N,N,N′,N′-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯(HATU)(43.27g,113.9mmol),N,O-二甲基羟胺盐酸盐(11.11g,113.9mmol)和三乙胺(46.2mL,332.2mmol),室温搅拌2小时。将反应液倾入1500mL水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取3次,合并有机相,依次用1N盐酸、水、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和盐水洗,干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,5∶1~4∶1)得到产物2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酰-(N-甲氧基-N-甲基)胺(19.6g),收率81%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=5.45(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.82(1H,m),3.77(3H,s),3.24(3H,s),2.66(2H,m),2.04(1H,s),1.45(9H,s)。
步骤5:1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-氧代戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
2,5-二氟溴苯(11.58g,60mmol)溶于25mL甲苯中,冷至-10℃--5℃。加入溴化锂(2.61g,30mmol),在1.5小时内滴入异丙基氯化镁的四氢呋喃溶液(2M,33ml,66mmol),在低温下搅拌1小时。2-(叔丁氧羰基氨基)戊-4-炔酰-(N-甲氧基-N-甲基)胺(7.68g,30mmol)溶于35mL四氢呋喃中,在1小时内滴入反应体系中,缓慢升至室温,再于室温下搅拌1小时。向反应液中滴入3N盐酸22mL淬灭反应,有机相依次用水、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和盐水洗,干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,10∶1)得到产物1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-氧代戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(6.07g),收率65%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.56(1H,m),7.26(1H,m),7.15(1H,m),5.68(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),5.24(1H,m),2.91(1H,m),2.68(1H,m),1.99(1H,s),1.45(9H,s)。
步骤6:(1R,2S)-1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-羟基戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-氧代戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(6.07g,19.7mmol)和1,4-二氮杂二环[2.2.2]辛烷(DABCO)(6.61g,59mmol)溶于70mL四氢呋喃中,通氮气30分钟。加入(对伞花烃)((1R,2R)-N-对甲苯磺酰基-1,2-二苯基乙二胺)氯化钌(I)(63mg,0.1mmol),通氮气/抽真空3次,氮气氛下向溶液中滴入甲酸(4.53g,98.5mmol),在40℃搅拌2天。加入二氯甲烷200mL,依次用5%柠檬酸溶液、饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和饱和盐水洗,干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,25∶1-8∶1)得到产物(1R,2S)-1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-羟基戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(6.11g),收率100%。
步骤7:(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
(1R,2S)-1-(2,5-二氟苯基)-1-羟基戊-4-炔-2-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(6.11g,19.6mmol)溶于60mL DMF中,通氮气30分钟。加入三(三(3-氟苯基)膦)氯化铑催化剂(427mg,0.393mmol),通氮气/抽真空3次,氮气氛下在80℃搅拌16小时。冷却后加入水和饱和碳酸氢钠溶液各150mL,用甲苯萃取,合并有机相,用水洗几次,干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,30∶1-25∶1)得到产物(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(4.89g),收率80%。
步骤8:(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-3,4-二氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2.81g,9.04mmol)溶于50ml四氧呋喃中,冷至-10℃,滴入硼烷-二甲硫醚络合物(2.26mL,22.6mmol),低温下搅拌2小时,升温至15℃。向溶液中滴入1N氢氧化钠溶液(27.1mL,27.1mmol),加入高硼酸钠(4.17g,27.1mmol),搅拌过夜。加入100mL水,分出有机相,水相用二氯甲烷萃取。合并有机相,水洗,干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(二氯甲烷/甲醇,30∶1-12∶1)得到产物(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2.33g)白色固体,收率78%。
步骤9:(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-氧代四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-羟基四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(2.33g,7.08mmol)溶于24mL乙腈、4mL水和4mL醋酸的混合溶液中,加入水合氯化钌(3.7mg,0.0142mmol)的水溶液(4mL),冷至0℃,加入溴酸钠(535mg,3.54mmol),低温下搅拌约1.5小时至原料反应完毕。向溶液中滴入120mL水,0℃搅拌过夜,用二氯甲烷萃取。有机相水洗、干燥浓缩后用硅胶柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯,10∶1)得到中间体1(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-氧代四氧-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(1.71g)白色固体,收率74%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.22(1H,m),7.00(1H,m),4.82(1H,m),4.63(1H,m),4.29(1H,d,J=16.2Hz),4.11(1H, d,J=16.4Hz),4.05(1H,m),3.05(1H,m),2.85(1H,m),1.30(9H,s)。
中间体2:2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000035
步骤1:3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯
把4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(9.41g,45mmol)溶于200mL 1,2-二氯乙烷中,加入N-碘代丁二酰亚胺(13.16g,58.5mmol),回流过夜。蒸去溶剂后用硅胶柱层析得3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(4.66g),收率:31%。MS m/z[ESI]:336.0[M+1]。
步骤2:2-(3-氯丙磺酰基)-3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯
把3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(2.80g,8.36mmol)和三乙胺(1.69g,16.7mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(80mL)中,冷至-10℃,滴入3-氯丙磺酰氯(1.77g,10mmol),低温下搅拌过夜。加入水(100mL),用二氯甲烷萃取。有机相依次用柠檬酸溶液、水、盐水洗,干燥蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得2-(3-氯丙磺酰基)-3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(2.70g),收率:68%。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=4.675(2H,m),4.35(2H,m),3.68(4H,m),2.26(2H,m),1.51(9H,s)。
步骤3:6-叔丁氧羰基-2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并13′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物
将2-(3-氯丙磺酰基)-3-碘-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(230mg,0.48mmol)、锌粉(126mg,1.93mmol)、氯化锌的四氢呋喃溶液(0.5M,1.93mL,0.97mmol)和四氢呋喃(20mL)加入微波反应管中,通入氮气5分钟。氮气氛下100℃微波加热反应1.5小时。冷却后加入四(三苯基膦)钯(56mg,0.048mmol),通入氮气5分钟。氮气氛下100℃微波加热反应2小时。过滤,滤液蒸发浓缩后硅胶柱色谱分离得到产物6-叔丁氧羰基-2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物(23mg),收率15%。MS m/z[ESI]:314.1[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=4.36(2H,m),4.11(2H,m),3.70(2H,m),3.35(2H,m),2.26(2H,m),1.47(9H,s)。
步骤4:2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐
将6-叔丁氧羰基-2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物(46mg,0.15mmol)溶于1.5mL乙酸乙酯中,加入对甲苯磺酸(47mg,0.30mmol),室温搅拌过夜。过滤收集生成的固体,用乙酸乙酯洗,干燥后得到产物2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐(48mg),收率83%。MS m/z[ESI]:214.1[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=9.40(2H,brs),7.48(2H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.12(2H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.27(2H,s),4.08(2H,s),3.77(2H,t,J=6.6Hz),3.45(2H,t,J=7.4Hz),2.29(3H,s),2.16(2H,m)。
中间体3:3-甲基-2,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000036
步骤1:3-甲基-2-((2-(三甲基硅基)乙氧基)甲基)-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯
把2-((2-(三甲基硅基)乙氧基)甲基)-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(3.0g,8.85mmol)溶于干燥的四氢呋喃(60mL)中,冷至-78℃,滴入丁基锂的四氢呋喃溶液(2.4M,5.5mL,13.2mmol),低温下搅拌1.5小时。滴入碘甲烷(1.90g,13.2mmol),低温下搅拌5小时。升至室温,加入水(50mL),用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相干燥蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得3-甲基-2-((2-(三甲基硅基)乙氧基)甲基)-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1.5g),收率:48%。MS m/z[ESI]:354.2[M+1]。
步骤2:3-甲基-2,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
将3-甲基-2-((2-(三甲基硅基)乙氧基)甲基)-4,6-二氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑-5(2H)-羧酸叔丁酯(1.1g,3.12mmol)溶于20mL乙醇中,加入1N盐酸(40mL),封管中90℃反应3小时。冷却后用氢氧化钠溶液调pH至13。浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得到产物3-甲基-2,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑(280mg),收率:73%。MS m/z[ESI]:124.1[M+1]。
中间体4:5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000037
步骤1:5-溴异吲哚啉
把4-溴邻苯二甲酰亚胺(22.6g,100mmol)加入干燥的四氢呋喃(250mL)中,滴入硼烷-二甲硫醚络合物(51mL,500mmol),室温下搅拌2小时,再回流过夜。冷却后小心滴入甲醇破坏过量的硼烷。蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得5-溴异吲哚啉(10.36g),收率:52%。MS m/z[ESI]:198.0[M+1]。
步骤2:5-溴-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉
将5-溴异吲哚啉(10.36g,52.3mmol)溶于80mL二氯甲烷中,冰浴冷却。滴加Boc酸酐(22.8g,104.6mmol),再加入碳酸钠(16.6g,156.9mmol)和水(150mL),冰浴下搅拌4小时。分出有机相,盐水洗。浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得到产物5-溴-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(13.3g),收率:85%。MS m/z[ESI]:298.0[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.37(2H,m),7.11(1H,m),4.62(4H,m),1.51(9H,s)
步骤3:5-甲磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉
把5-溴-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(5.96g,20mmol)、甲基亚磺酸钠(90%,2.94g,26mmol)、碘化亚铜(762mg,4mmol)和L-脯氨酸(920mg,8mmol)加入二甲亚砜(80mL)中,通入氮气排除空气,于120℃下搅拌2天。冷却后倾入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相干燥蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得5-甲磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(5.46g),收率:92%。MS m/z[ESI]:298.1[M+1]。
步骤4:5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐
将5-甲磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(5.46g,18.4mmol)溶于甲醇/二氯甲烷(1∶1,80mL)中,通入氯化氢气体至饱和,室温搅拌1小时。倾入800mL乙醚中,过滤收集沉淀,乙醚洗,干燥,得到产物5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐(3.44g),收率:80%。MS m/z[ESI]:198.0[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.82(1H,s),7.81(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.43(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.31(4H,s),3.05(3H,s),2.30(2H,brs)
中间体5:5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000038
步骤1:1-氧代-5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉
把5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮(444mg,3mmol)溶于15mL吡啶中,加入甲基磺酰氯(378mg,3.3mmol),室温搅拌4小时。蒸去溶剂后用硅胶柱层析得1-氧代-5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉(610mg),收率:90%。MS m/z[ESI]:227.0[M+1]。
步骤2:5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉
把1-氧代-5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉(610mg,2.7mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(10mL)中,加入硼烷的四氢呋喃溶液(1M,8.1mL,8.1mmol),室温下搅拌2小时,再回流过夜。冷却后小心滴入甲醇破坏过量的硼烷。蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉(315mg),收率:55%。MS m/z[ESI]:213.1[M+1]。
中间体6:4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000039
步骤1:4-氯-5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮
5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮(2.96g,20mmol)加入氯仿(50mL)中,再加入N-氯代丁二酰亚胺(2.67g,20mmol),回流搅拌2小时。蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得4-氯-5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮(2.58g),收率:70%。MS m/z[ESI]:183.0[M+1]。
步骤2:4-氯-5-碘异吲哚啉-1-酮
将4-氯-5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮(2.58g,14mmol)加入15mL2M硫酸中,冰浴冷却。滴加亚硝酸钠(0.97g,28mmol)和水(1.5mL)配成的溶液,低温下搅拌30分钟。再加入碘化钾(11.62g,70mmol),冰浴下搅拌2小时,室温搅拌2小时。用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相水洗,盐水洗。浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得到产物4-氯-5-碘异吲哚啉-1-酮(2.48g),收率:60%。MS m/z[ESI]:293.9[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.01(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.49(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.44(4H,m)。
步骤3:4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-1-酮
4-氯-5-碘异吲哚啉-1-酮(1.76g,6mmol)、甲基亚磺酸钠(90%,0.884g,7.8mmol)、碘化 亚铜(229mg,1.2mmol)和L-脯氨酸(276mg,2.4mmol)加入二甲亚砜(25mL)中,通入氮气排除空气,于110℃下搅拌2天。冷却后倾入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相干燥蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-1-酮(1.03g),收率:70%。MS m/z[ESI]:246.0[M+1]。
步骤4:4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉
将4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-1-酮(249mg,1mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(10mL)中,加入硼烷的四氢呋喃溶液(1M,4mL,4mmol),室温下搅拌2小时,再回流过夜。冷却后小心滴入甲醇破坏过量的硼烷。蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉(170mg),收率:73%。MS m/z[ESI]:232.0[M+1]。1H-NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.08(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.32(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),4.30(4H,m),3.32(3H,s),2.80(1H,brs)。
中间体7:异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000040
步骤1:1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰氯
把5-氨基异吲哚啉-1-酮(5.92g,40mmol)加入浓盐酸/冰醋酸(13.3/4.0mL)混合溶剂中,冰浴冷却。滴加亚硝酸钠(3.04g,28mmol)和水(4.4mL)配成的溶液,低温下搅拌30分钟。同时在另一烧瓶中加入冰醋酸,通二氧化硫至饱和,加入氯化亚铜(0.99g,10mmol),搅拌下继续通二氧化硫至固体基本全溶。慢慢滴入上面制得的重氮盐溶液,低温搅拌半小时,室温搅拌1小时。二氯甲烷萃取,水洗,干燥,旋干得1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰氯(8.33g),收率:90%。MS m/z[ESI]:232.0[M+1]。
步骤2:1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
将1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰氯(463mg,2mmol)加入20mL乙腈中。滴加浓氨水(1mL,12mmol)搅拌3小时。用6N盐酸中和至中性。旋蒸除去乙腈,残留物加水过滤,滤饼用水、乙酸乙酯洗,干燥,得到产物1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺(288mg),收率:68%。MS m/z[ESI]:213.0[M+1]。
步骤3:异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
将1-氧代异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺(288mg,1.36mmol)溶于四氢呋喃(15mL)中,加入硼烷的四氢呋喃溶液(1M,6.8mL,6.8mmol),室温下搅拌2小时,再回流过夜。冷却后小心滴入甲醇破坏过量的硼烷。蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺(162mg),收率:60%。MS m/z[ESI]:199.0[M+1]。
中间体8:5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000041
步骤1:5-环丙磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉
把5-溴-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(2.98g,10mmol)、环丙基亚磺酸钠(90%,1.85g,13mmol)、碘化亚铜(381mg,2mmol)和L-脯氨酸(460mg,4mmol)加入二甲亚砜(40mL)中,通入氮气排除空气,于110℃下搅拌2天。冷却后倾入水中,用乙酸乙酯萃取。有机相干燥蒸发浓缩后用硅胶柱层析得5-环丙磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(2.30g),收率:71%。MS m/z[ESI]:324.1[M+1]。
步骤4:5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐
将5-环丙磺酰基-2-叔丁氧羰基异吲哚啉(2.30g,7.1mmol)溶于甲醇/二氯甲烷(1∶1,40mL)中,通入氯化氢气体至饱和,室温搅拌2小时。倾入250mL乙醚中,过滤收集沉淀,乙醚洗,干燥,得到产物5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐(1.85g),收率:100%。MS m/z[ESI]:224.1[M+1]。
实施例1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000042
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000043
将(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二-氟苯基)-5-氧代四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(48mg,0.146mmol)、2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐(48mg,0.13mmol)和三乙胺(10mg,0.1mmol)加入N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(2mL)中,室温搅拌3小时。冰浴冷却,加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(87mg,0.39mmol),缓慢升至室温,搅拌过夜。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,饱和盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(48mg),收率:71%。MS m/z[ESI]:525.2[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.20(1H,m),6.98(2H,m)4.53(1H,m),4.16(4H,m),4.02(2H,m),3.64(2H,m),3.32(3H,m),2.80(2H,m),2.56(2H,m),2.39(1H,m),1.45(1H,m),1.26(9H,s)。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000044
将5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯((45mg,0.086mmol)、一水对甲苯磺酸(75mg,0.43mmol)加入二氯甲烷(1mL)中,室温下搅拌过夜。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,旋干溶剂,柱层析纯化,得到(2R,3S,5R)-5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1-二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺(15mg),收率42%,MS m/z[ESI]:425.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.14(1H,m),7.01(2H,m),4.18(4H,m),4.03(2H,m),3.66(2H,m),3.32(3H,m),2.80(2H,m),2.56(2H,m),2.35(1H,m),1.38(1H,m),1.26(2H,brs)。
实施例2:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000045
步骤1:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000046
将(2R,3S)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)-5-氧代四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯(327mg,1mmol)、3-甲基-2,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑(123mg,1mmol)和冰醋酸(30mg,0.5mmol)加入1,2-二氯乙烷(10mL)中,室温搅拌2小时。冰浴冷却,加入三乙酰氧基硼氢化钠(672mg,3mmol),缓慢升至室温,搅拌过夜。加入饱和碳酸氢钠溶液,用二氯甲烷萃取,饱和盐水洗,干燥,浓缩,柱层析纯化,得到5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑(145mg),收率:33%。MS m/z[ESI]:435.2[M+1]。
步骤2:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000047
将5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑((145mg,0.33mmol)、三乙胺(53mg,0.53mmol)加入四氢呋喃(10 mL)中,冰浴冷却,加入甲基磺酰氯(49mg,0.43mmol),搅拌反应2小时。倾入水中,加入二氯甲烷萃取,有机相干燥,柱层析纯化,得到5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑(16mg),收率:9.5%。MS m/z[ESI]:513.2[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.21(1H,m),6.96(2H,m),4.52(1H,m),4.37-4.20(2H,m),4.08(2H,m),3.75(3H,m),3.39(1H,m),3.28(3H,s),3.07(1H,m),2.48(1H,m),2.26(3H,s),1.53(1H,m),1.27(9H,s)。
步骤3:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000048
将5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑((16mg,0.031mmol)、苯磺酸(20mg,0.125mmol)加入二氯甲烷(0.7mL)中,室温下搅拌过夜。加入三乙胺(23mg,0.228mmol),旋干溶剂,柱层析纯化,得到5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-3-甲基-1-甲磺酰基-1,4,5,6-四氢吡咯并[3,4-c]吡唑(1.7mg),收率13%,MS m/z[ESI]:413.2[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.16(1H,m),7.01(2H,m),4.30(1H,m),4.22(1H,m),4.10(1H,m),3.90-3.70(3H,m),3.42(1H,m),3.27(3H,s),3.02(2H,m),2.48(2H,m),2.26(3H,s),2.00(1H,m),1.60(1H,m)。
实施例3:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-5,6-二氢-4H-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡咯-2-羧酸
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000049
步骤1:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-5,6-二氢-4H-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡咯-2-羧酸
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000050
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用5,6-二氢-4H-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡咯-2-羧酸盐酸盐(市售)代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:44%。MS m/z[ESI]:481.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=9.22(1H,s),7.56(1H,s),7.11(1H,m),6.96(2H,m),4.55(1H,m),4.30(2H,m),4.12(2H,m),3.96(2H,m),3.80(1H,m),3.47(1H,m),3.05(1H,m),2.52(1H,m),1.58(1H,m),1.26(9H,s)。
步骤2:5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-5,6-二氢-4H-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡咯-2-羧酸
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000051
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用5-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)-5,6-二氢-4H-噻吩并[3,2-c]吡咯-2-羧酸代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率61%,MS m/z[ESI]:381.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6):δ=7.35-7.10(3H,m),7.06(1H,s),4.12(2H,m),3.90(2H,m),3.76(2H,m),3.23(1H,m),2.82(2H,m),2.28(1H,m),1.37(1H,m)。
实施例4:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000052
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000053
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:54%。MS m/z[ESI]:509.2[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.83(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.82(1H,s),7.42(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.24(1H,m),6.97(2H,m),4.50(1H,m),4.32(2H,m),4.08(4H,m),3.80(1H,m),3.43(1H,t,J=10.6Hz),3.04(3H,s),2.95(1H,m),2.54(1H,m),1.54(1H,m),1.28(9H,s)。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000054
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率68%,MS m/z[ESI]:409.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.83(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.82(1H,s),7.42(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.17(1H,m),7.02(2H,m),4.28(1H,m),4.24(2H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.09(4H,m),3.45(1H,m),3.04(3H,s),2.92(2H,m),2.49(1H,m),1.47(1H,m),1.30(2H,brs)。
实施例5:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000055
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000056
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,收率:50%。MS m/z[ESI]:524.2[M+1]。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000057
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-甲磺酰胺基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率57%,MS m/z[ESI]:424.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.24(1H,m),7.17(1H,m),7.07-6.90(4H,m),5.35(1H,s),4.35-4.20(2H,m),4.08(4H,m),3.65(2H,m),3.00(3H,s),2.82(1H,m),2.32(1H,m),1.47(1H,m),1.25(2H,brs)。
实施例6:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-溴异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000058
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-溴异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000059
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用5-溴异吲哚啉代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:62%。MS m/z[ESI]:509.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.36(1H,s),7.34(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.23(1H,m),7.09(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),6.97(2H,m),4.49(1H,m),4.30(2H,m),3.94(4H,m),3.79(1H,m),3.42(1H,t,J=10.8Hz),2.92(1H,m),2.52(1H,d,J=10.8Hz),1.54(1H,m),1.27(9H,s)。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-溴异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000060
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-溴异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率69%,MS m/z[ESI]:409.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.37(1H,s),7.34(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.15(1H,m),7.10(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.02(2H,m),4.27(1H,m),4.22(1H,d,J=9.2Hz),3.99(4H,m),3.79(1H,m),3.42(1H,t,J=10.8Hz),2.87(2H,m),2.47(1H,d,J=10.8Hz),1.48(1H,m),1.32(2H,brs)。
实施例7:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000061
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000062
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:56%。MS m/z[ESI]:543.1[M+1]。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000063
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用(2R,3S,5R)-5-(4-氯-5-甲磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率47%,MS m/z[ESI]:443.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.06(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),7.33(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),7.19(1H,m),6.99(2H,m),4.69(1H,m),4.22(4H,m),3.71(1H,m),3.33(1H,m),3.27(3H,s),2.91(1H,m),2.61(2H,m),1.52(1H,m),1.32(2H,brs)。
实施例8:2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃3-基)异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000064
步骤1:2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000065
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺盐酸盐代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:46%。MS m/z[ESI]:510.2[M+1]。
步骤2:2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000066
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用2-((3R,5S,6R)-5-叔丁氧羰基氨基-6-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基)异吲哚啉-5-磺酰胺代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率37%,MS m/z[ESI]:410.1[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.81(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),7.80(1H,s),7.37(1H,d,J=7.6Hz),7.17(1H,m),7.02(2H,m),4.79(2H,brs),4.28(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.23(1H,d,J=9.6Hz),4.07(4H,m),3.43(1H,t,J=10.8Hz),2.90(2H,m),2.49(1H,m),1.49(1H,m),1.31(2H,brs)。
实施例9:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000067
步骤1:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000068
参照实施例1中步骤1的方法,用5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉盐酸盐代替2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物对甲苯磺酸盐,得到目标化合物,收率:53%。MS m/z[ESI]:535.2[M+1]。
步骤2:(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-胺
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000069
参照实施例1中步骤2的方法,用(2R,3S,5R)-5-(5-环丙磺酰基异吲哚啉-2-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯代替5-(2,3,4,5,6,7-六氢吡咯并[3′,4′:3,4]吡唑并[1,5-b][1,2]噻嗪-1,1二氧化物-6-基)-2-(2,5-二氟苯基)四氢-2H-吡喃-3-基氨基甲酸叔丁酯,得到目标化合物,收率80%,MS m/z[ESI]:435.2[M+1]。1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3):δ=7.77(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.76(1H,s),7.42(1H,d,J=8.0Hz),7.17(1H,m),7.02(2H,m),4.30(2H,m),4.10(4H,m),3.54(1H,t,J=10.8Hz),3.24(1H,m),2.95(2H,m),2.45(1H,m),1.52(1H,m),1.28(2H,brs),1.05(2H,m),0.87(2H,m)。
生物实验例1:DPP-IV抑制活性的测定
采用以下方法来测定本申请的化合物对血浆中DPP-IV的抑制活性,该抑制活性以IC50值来表示,IC50即DPP-IV的活性被抑制50%时的化合物的浓度。
材料和方法:
材料:
a.白色384孔板(Perkin Elmer,Catalog No.607290/99)
b.HEPES缓冲液:用1M HEPES缓冲液(Invitrogen,Catalog No.15630-080)配制50mL 0.5M HEPES缓冲液:取1M HEPES缓冲液25mL,加适量ddH2O(重蒸水),用NaOH调节pH至7.8,最后加ddH2O至50ml。
c.大鼠血浆:大鼠眼眶取血,加肝素抗凝,4000rpm离心10分钟,取上清血浆作为DPP-IV的酶源。
d.DPP-IV酶反应底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC(甘氨酸-脯氨酸-7-氨基-4-甲基香豆素),由本申请的发明人合成,溶解于DMSO形成100mM母液。
e.1M MgCl2
f.1.5M NaCl
g.10%BAS
h.DMSO
i.ddH2O
j.待测化合物:阳性对照化合物Omarigliptin和部分本申请实施例化合物
按以下操作顺序进行:
1.配制DPP-IV酶反应缓冲液:50mM HEPES(pH=7.8),80mM MgCl2,150mM NaCl,1%BSA,放置于冰上备用;
2.用DMSO将待测化合物从10mM稀释至1mM(最终浓度的100倍),然后在96孔板上进行3倍梯度稀释,共11个浓度,第12孔加入DMSO作为空白对照,然后用酶反应缓冲液稀释25倍至最终浓度的4倍待用;
3.解冻DPP-IV酶反应底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC,用酶反应缓冲液稀释至160μM(4倍的最终浓度),并置于冰上备用;
4.解冻大鼠血浆,用酶反应缓冲液稀释100倍(2倍的最终浓度)并置于冰上备用;
5.在384孔板中加入5μL的待测化合物(4倍的最终浓度),然后加入10μL的大鼠血浆(2倍的最终浓度),离心混匀;
6.加入5μL酶反应底物H-Gly-Pro-AMC(4倍的最终浓度),离心混匀,用封膜封住384孔板;
7.在孵育箱(22-23℃)中孵育1小时;
8.使用FlexStationI3(Molecular devices)酶标仪读取反应的荧光信号:380nm激发,读取460nm波长的发射光谱;
9.化合物对DPP-IV抑制IC50的生成:使用GraFit6软件计算化合物的IC50值。
表1实施例化合物的DPP-IV抑制活性
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000070
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000071
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000072
生物实验例2:药代动力学参数的测定
采用以下方法测定本申请化合物的药代动力学参数。
研究使用7-9周龄健康雄性成年大鼠。每组动物(3雄性只大鼠)单次灌胃给药,剂量为5mg/kg,灌胃给药组的动物在实验前禁食过夜,禁食时间从给药前10小时至给药后4小时。
在给药后0.25、0.5、1、2、4、6、8和24小时采血。使用小动物麻醉机经异氟烷麻醉后通过眼底静脉丛采集0.3mL全血,放于肝素抗凝管中,样品于4℃、4000rpm离心5min,血浆转移至离心管中,并放于-80℃保存直到分析。
血浆样品分析使用已确证的液相色谱-串联质谱联用方法(LC-MS/MS)。个体动物的血浆浓度-时间数据用WinNonlin(专业版,版本6.3;Pharsight公司)软件进行分析。非房室模型被用于浓度分析。计算化合物的药代动力学参数,数据如下表2所示:
表2药代动力学参数
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000073
生物实验例3:CYP酶系的抑制IC50的测定
采用以下方法来测定本申请的化合物对CYP酶系的抑制IC50的测定。
将-80℃冰箱冻存的人肝微粒体置于冰上融化,刚刚融化后立即取100μL至60℃、100rpm的恒温振荡箱中孵育(1小时),剩余肝微粒体立即放入-80℃冰箱冻存。1小时后,取出100μL灭活的肝微粒体,加入400μL磷酸盐缓冲液混匀成4mg/mL灭活的肝微粒体溶液;另将-80℃冰箱冻存的人肝微粒体置于冰上融解,刚刚融解后取出100μL加入400μL磷酸盐缓冲液混匀成4mg/mL肝微粒体溶液,按照下表3平行配制阳性对照及测试品和阴性对照组孵育混合液:
表3阳性对照及测试品和阴性对照组孵育混合液
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000074
将混合液置于37℃、100rpm的恒温振荡箱中孵育5分钟。
取2.5μL测试品或阳性对照工作液(阴性对照组加入测试品工作液),加入91.5μL孵育混合液、6μLNADPH溶液并涡旋启动反应,将溶液置于37℃、100rpm的恒温振荡箱中孵育,孵育时间如下表4所示:
表4孵育时间
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000075
孵育相应时间后,加入200μL内标液(CYP2C19的内标液为100ng/mL氯霉素的乙腈溶液、其余内标液为250ng/mL华法林、500ng/mL普萘洛尔的乙腈溶液)终止反应,终止反应的样品于12000rpm离心10分钟,取上清液进样检测。
处理数据用Analyst1.4.2或等同软件。检测积分来确保所有的峰适当积分并且必要时调整积分参数。
分析物的定量被定义为分析物的峰面积与内标的峰面积之比。分析使用液相色谱-串联质谱联用方法(LC-MS/MS)。使用Graphpad Prism(版本5.03)软件计算IC50等参数,结果如下表5所示:
表5实施例4化合物对CYP酶系的抑制IC50(μM)
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000076
生物实验例4:肝微粒体代谢稳定性
采用以下方法来测定本申请的化合物的肝微粒体代谢稳定性。
取8μL人肝微粒体(20mg/mL)、20μL的NADPH、368μL 0.1M的磷酸盐缓冲液混合,在37℃中预孵育5分钟。分别加入4μL分析工作液(测试品或阳性对照),在37℃预孵育0、10、20、30、45和60分钟时,取50μL的孵育液加入150μL含内标(0.25M华法林)的乙腈;取4μL大鼠肝微粒体(20mg/mL)、10μL的NADPH、184μL 0.1M的磷酸盐缓冲液混合,在37℃中预孵育5分钟。分别加入2μL分析工作液(测试品或阳性对照),在37℃预孵育0、10、20、30、45和60分钟时,取20μL的孵育液加入180μL含内标(0.25M华法林)的乙腈。所有样品涡旋后于4000rpm离心15min,然后取150μL上清液加入96孔进样板。取5μL进LC/MS/MS系统检测。分析色谱柱为C181.7μm 2.1×50mm(Waters)。检测使用三重四极杆质谱(API4000,AB公司)。在正离子模式下检测CT-1225的峰面积与内标峰面积的比值。半衰期值为测试品/内标的峰面积与时间比值。结果数据如下表6所示:
表6实施例4化合物及参考化合物肝微粒体代谢稳定性
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000077
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000078
生物实验例5:单次给药对ob/ob小鼠血清DPP-IV活性的抑制作用
36只雌性ob/ob小鼠,随机分为6组,每组6只,分别为模型对照组、1mg/kg实施例4化合物组、3mg/kg实施例4化合物组、10mg/kg实施例4化合物组、30mg/kg实施例4化合物组和阳性对照30mg/kg Omarigliptin组。各组小鼠口服给予不同剂量的实施例4化合物或Omarigliptin,模型对照组口服给予0.25%CMC-Na,于给药前及给药后2、4、10、24、34、48、58、72和96h时取血,分离血清,测定血清DPP-IV的活性。
血清DPP-IV活性测定方法:取5μL血清样品,加入80mM MgCl2缓冲液45μL,混匀,室温中预孵浴5分钟,加入10μL 0.1mM反应底物Gly-Pro-7-AMC及40μL缓冲液,避光,混匀后每间隔3分钟进行一次荧光测定(激发波380nm/发射波460nm),直到18分钟,共测6次,根据测定结果减去空白本底后做时间-荧光值曲线,得斜率为活力值,以给药前0h时血清DPP-IV活力值为100%,按下列公式计算给药后各时间点血清DPP-IV的比活力值,比活力值(%)=给药后活力值/给药前活力值×100%。
试验结果:ob/ob小鼠单次口服给予不同剂量的实施例4化合物后,血清DPP-IV活性受到显著抑制,并呈剂量和时间依赖性。1mg/kg实施例4化合物给药后10h内小鼠血清DPP-IV活性抑制率高于70%,3mg/kg实施例4化合物给药后24h内血清DPP-IV活性抑制率高于70%,10mg/kg实施例4化合物给药后34h内血清DPP-IV活性抑制率高于70%,而30mg/kg实施例4化合物给药后72h内血清DPP-IV活性抑制率均维持在70%以上。阳性对照30mg/kg Omarigliptin组小鼠给药后34h内血清DPP-IV活性抑制率高于70%。
Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-000079

Claims (25)

  1. 通式I所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100001
    其中,
    A环选自6元芳基或含有1-2个独立地选自N、O或S原子的5-6元杂芳基;
    X选自O或CH2,Y选自N或CH,并且当X为CH2时,Y不为CH;
    R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、-NH2或-OH;
    每个R4独立地选自卤素、-NH2、-OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、苯氧基或苄氧基;
    每个R5独立地选自C1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-OH、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,或者两个R5基团与和它们相连接的A环原子一起组成5-7元环;
    R6选自H或C1-6烷基;
    R7选自H、C1-6烷基或-SO2R8
    每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
    o和p分别独立地选自1、2或3;
    m和n分别独立地选自1或2。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其为式II所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100002
    其中,
    X选自O;
    Y选自N或CH;
    R1选自-NH2或-OH;
    R2和R3均为H;
    R4a和R4b独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH;
    每个R5独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
    p选自1或2;
    R6选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基;
    R7选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
    每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其为式III所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100003
    其中,
    X选自O;
    Y选自N或CH;
    R1选自-NH2或-OH;
    R2和R3均为H;
    R4a和R4b独立地选自F、Cl、Br、-NH2或-OH;
    R5a和R5b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-CN、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
    R6选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基;
    R7选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
    每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其为式IV所示的化合物或其药学上 可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100004
    其中,
    X选自O;
    Y选自N或CH;
    R1选自-NH2或-OH;
    R2和R3为H;
    R4a和R4b独立地选自F、Cl、Br、-NH2、-OH;
    R5c和R5d与和它们相连接的吡唑环原子一起组成5、6或7元非芳香环,所述5、6或7元非芳香环优选地包含1、2或3个独立地选自N、O或S杂原子,所述5、6或7元非芳香环更优选地包含-SO2-基团。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其为式V所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100005
    其中,
    X选自O;
    Y选自N或CH;
    R1、R2和R3各自独立地选自H、C1-3烷基、-NH2或-OH;
    每个R4独立地选自卤素、-NH2、-OH、C1-6烷基、C1-6烷氧基、苯氧基或苄氧基;
    每个R5独立地选自C1-6烷基、卤素、-CN、-OH、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
    R6选自H或C1-6烷基;
    R7选自H、C1-6烷基或-SO2R8
    每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、C1-6烷基或C3-6环烷基;
    o和p各自独立地选自1、2或3。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R1选自-NH2或-OH。
  7. 根据权利要求5-6中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R2和R3均为H。
  8. 根据权利要求5-7中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R4选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH。
  9. 根据权利要求5-8中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R5选自F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8
  10. 根据权利要求5-9中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R6选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基或丁基。
  11. 根据权利要求5-10中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R7选自H、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基或-SO2R8
  12. 根据权利要求5-11中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中每个R8独立地选自-OH、-NH2、甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、C3环烷基、C4环烷基或C5环烷基。
  13. 根据权利要求5-12中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中o为2。
  14. 根据权利要求5-13中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中p为1或2。
  15. 根据权利要求5-14中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中R4的取代位置如结构式VI中的R4a和R4b所示:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100006
    其中,R4a和R4b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-NH2或-OH,以及其他取代基的定义与权利要求5-14中任一项权利要求中的定义相同。
  16. 根据权利要求5-13中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中p为2,并且R5的取代位置如结构式VII中的R5a和R5b所示:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100007
    其中,R5a和R5b各自独立地选自F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,以及其他取代基的定义与权利要求5-13中任一项权利要求中的定义相同。
  17. 根据权利要求5-13中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其中p为1,并且R5的取代位置如结构式VIII中的R5a所示:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100008
    其中,R5a选自F、Cl、Br、I、-COOR6、-NHR7或-SO2R8,以及其他取代基的定义与权利要求5-13中任一项权利要求中的定义相同。
  18. 如权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其选自:
    Figure PCTCN2016073539-appb-100009
  19. 药物组合物,其包含治疗有效量的权利要求1-18中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐、溶剂化物、多晶型物、互变异构体和药学上可接受的载体。
  20. 权利要求1-18中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求19所述的药物组合物在制备用于治疗和/或预防受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的药物中的用途。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的用途,其中所述受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症选自胰岛素抵抗、高血糖症、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性脂血异常、葡萄糖耐量减低症、禁食血浆葡萄糖减低症、代谢性酸中毒、酮症、食欲调节、肥胖症、各种癌症、神经系统病症或免疫系统病症。
  22. 用于治疗和/或预防受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的方法,其包括将权利要求1-18中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求19所述的药物组合物向有需要的个体给药。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的治疗方法,其中所述受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症选自胰岛素抵抗、高血糖症、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性脂血异常、葡萄糖耐量减低症、禁食血浆葡萄糖减低症、代谢性酸中毒、酮症、食欲调节、肥胖症、各种癌症、神经系统病症或免疫系 统病症。
  24. 用于治疗和/或预防受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症的权利要求1-18中任一项权利要求所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或权利要求19所述的药物组合物。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或药物组合物,其中所述受益于DPP-IV抑制的疾病和病症选自胰岛素抵抗、高血糖症、II型糖尿病、糖尿病性脂血异常、葡萄糖耐量减低症、禁食血浆葡萄糖减低症、代谢性酸中毒、酮症、食欲调节、肥胖症、各种癌症、神经系统病症或免疫系统病症。
PCT/CN2016/073539 2015-02-12 2016-02-04 作为长效dpp-iv抑制剂的取代的氨基六元饱和杂脂环类 Ceased WO2016127916A1 (zh)

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