WO2016121993A1 - 拡張式アンカー - Google Patents
拡張式アンカー Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016121993A1 WO2016121993A1 PCT/JP2016/052833 JP2016052833W WO2016121993A1 WO 2016121993 A1 WO2016121993 A1 WO 2016121993A1 JP 2016052833 W JP2016052833 W JP 2016052833W WO 2016121993 A1 WO2016121993 A1 WO 2016121993A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hollow shaft
- bolt
- diameter
- diameter portion
- enlarged diameter
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
- F16B13/0891—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with a locking element, e.g. wedge, key or ball moving along an inclined surface of the dowel body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/04—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front
- F16B13/08—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation
- F16B13/0833—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose with parts gripping in the hole or behind the reverse side of the wall after inserting from the front with separate or non-separate gripping parts moved into their final position in relation to the body of the device without further manual operation with segments or fingers expanding or tilting into an undercut hole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B13/00—Dowels or other devices fastened in walls or the like by inserting them in holes made therein for that purpose
- F16B13/12—Separate metal or non-separate or non-metal dowel sleeves fastened by inserting the screw, nail or the like
- F16B13/124—Separate metal or non-separate or non-metal dowel sleeves fastened by inserting the screw, nail or the like fastened by inserting a threaded element, e.g. screw or bolt
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
- F16B35/005—Set screws; Locking means therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/12—Nuts or like thread-engaging members with thread-engaging surfaces formed by inserted coil-springs, discs, or the like; Independent pieces of wound wire used as nuts; Threaded inserts for holes
- F16B37/122—Threaded inserts, e.g. "rampa bolts"
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an expandable anchor of a type in which a part of a hollow shaft is swollen and deformed by screwing a bolt.
- an expandable anchor is used to attach various members such as metal fittings to a stone-based structure such as concrete.
- various types of expandable anchors There are various types of expandable anchors.
- the tip of the hollow shaft (anchor body) is formed into a diameter-expanded portion (expanded portion) divided in the circumferential direction by a plurality of vertically long slits.
- the expanded diameter portion is expanded by utilizing the wedge action by screwing in the bolt.
- Patent Document 1 It is also proposed to indirectly expand the anchor body instead of directly expanding the anchor body with bolts.
- a metal ball is inserted into the enlarged diameter portion, and the enlarged diameter portion is expanded and deformed by utilizing the pushing and expanding action of the ball.
- Patent Documents 3 and 4 disclose the use of a spindle-shaped member instead of a ball as the diameter-expanding member.
- each of the expandable anchors and knock-in type expandable anchors of each patent document expands the expanded diameter portion located on the distal end side of the hollow shaft in a trumpet shape, and stretches the expanded diameter portion against the pilot hole. As a result, the pull-out resistance is secured.
- the conventional expandable anchor has a limit in increasing the pull-out resistance (in the case of a hammer-type expandable anchor, the pull-out resistance is theoretically constant).
- the present invention has been made in view of such a current situation, and intends to provide an expandable anchor that maintains a high pulling resistance and also has a high function of preventing cone destruction.
- the present invention includes many configurations. Typical examples are specified as the first to fifth inventions.
- the first invention forms a superordinate concept.
- the expandable anchor is screwed into the hollow shaft from the outside of the construction site and the hollow shaft inserted from the tip into the prepared hole vacated at the construction site.
- a diameter-enlarged portion weakened so as to be bulging and deformable is formed at a position in front of the end of the hollow shaft.
- a diameter-expanding member that pushes the diameter-expanded portion outward in the radial direction by a pushing action by screwing the bolt is disposed inside the hollow shaft.
- the hollow shaft does not need to be open at both ends, and may be open at least at the base end (outside of the construction site). Accordingly, the tip portion entering the pilot hole may have a solid structure in which no hole is formed. Moreover, in this invention, it is also possible to provide a some enlarged diameter part. This is a major feature of the present invention.
- the expandable anchor generally has a perfect circle shape
- the present invention includes a configuration in which the entire hollow shaft or only the diameter-expanded portion is formed into a non-circular shape such as an ellipse or a polygon.
- Non-circular examples include a shape that is basically a perfect circle and has two parallel flat surfaces.
- the prepared hole is usually formed into a perfect circle by a rotating drill, but when the hollow shaft is non-circular, the prepared hole is processed into a non-circular shape that matches the shape of the hollow shaft. May be.
- the second invention is a development example of the first invention, and in this invention, a plurality of slits that are long in the axial direction are formed in the enlarged diameter portion of the hollow shaft so as to be spaced apart in the circumferential direction.
- the portion of the hollow shaft where the slit is formed is the extended portion.
- the number of slits may be set according to the outer diameter and thickness of the hollow shaft. In general, it can be said that there are many 3-6 pieces.
- the group of slits can be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, or can be arranged at different intervals.
- a third invention is a development example of the first invention or the second invention.
- the diameter-expanding action member is composed of a number of metal balls, and the group of balls is pushed by the bolt.
- the enlarged diameter portion is allowed to swell and deform by moving outward in the radial direction.
- the entire group of balls may have the same diameter, or a plurality of balls having different outer diameters may be used in combination.
- the fourth invention is a development example of the third invention. That is, in the third invention, the length in the axial direction of the enlarged diameter portion is at least twice the outer diameter of the hollow shaft.
- the fourth invention can be a development example of the first invention or the second invention.
- One of the major features of the present invention is that the length of the enlarged diameter portion can be set longer.
- a member such as a metal fitting is attached to the expandable anchor, and the fifth invention embodies this point. That is, the fifth invention is the third invention, wherein the hollow shaft is set such that the other end is exposed to the outside of the construction site, and is fixed to at least a portion of the hollow shaft exposed to the outside of the construction site.
- a male screw is formed, and another member can be attached with a nut screwed into the fixing male screw.
- the fifth invention can be a development example of the first invention, the second invention, or the fourth invention.
- the enlarged diameter portion is located in a portion on the near side of the tip of the hollow shaft. Therefore, the enlarged diameter portion does not spread in a trumpet shape but swells and deforms in a direction perpendicular to the axis. And this bulging and deformed part bites into the prepared hole of the construction site (concrete), and as a result, resistance to drawing is exhibited.
- one of the features of the present invention is that the length of the enlarged diameter portion can be increased, and the fact that the enlarged diameter portion can be made to deeply penetrate into the construction site increases the resistance to pulling (that is, fastening strength). It can be said that it contributes greatly.
- the expandable anchor of the present invention Since the expandable anchor of the present invention has such a feature, it is particularly suitable as a fastener when a member is suspended from a concrete ceiling of a tunnel or a building. Furthermore, in the present invention, when the construction site is worn over time and the catching force of the enlarged diameter portion is reduced, the drawing resistance can be recovered by screwing a bolt to widen the enlarged diameter portion. For this reason, torque management for keeping the pulling resistance at an appropriate value is also easy. In addition, when the bolt is sliding down, it is preferable to re-expand the enlarged diameter portion after pushing the bolt back to the original depth.
- the expandable anchor of the present invention since the diameter expansion member that unscrews the bolt can easily return and move, the expandable anchor once attached can be easily removed against the elasticity of the expanded diameter portion. Therefore, it is easy to remove an unnecessary anchor or replace it with a new one.
- a slit is formed as the means for forming the enlarged diameter portion as in the second aspect of the invention, it is preferable because the bulging deformation of the enlarged diameter portion can be ensured. Also, if the enlarged diameter part is divided into multiple parts in the circumferential direction by slits, specific parts in the circumferential direction swell and deform, making it easy to bite into the construction place and improving the catch to the construction place Can do. Therefore, it can be ensured that high fastening strength is obtained while preventing cone breakage.
- Metal balls are widely used in various fields such as bearings, and many are commercially available. Therefore, when a metal ball is used as the diameter-expanding action member as in claim 3, it is easy to obtain and it is possible to reduce costs by eliminating the need for a dedicated manufacturing apparatus.
- the metal ball is point-contacted from the inside to the expanded diameter portion, so the expanded diameter portion is not pushed evenly over the entire circumference. A specific portion in the circumferential direction is pushed outward by a metal ball. For this reason, the area which a diameter-expansion part bites into a construction place becomes small, and it becomes easy to bite into a construction place. In other words, the expanded diameter portion can easily penetrate deeply into the construction place while crushing the construction place. Thereby, it can be said that a high catching force can be secured in a state in which the pressing force against the construction place is suppressed.
- the use of a metal ball as the diameter-expanding member is also beneficial in terms of ensuring high fastening strength without causing cone breakage.
- the length of the enlarged diameter portion (the length in the axial direction) may be set according to the required pulling resistance, but when set to a size at least twice the outer diameter of the hollow shaft as in the fourth invention.
- the diameter-expanded portion is inflated, it can be said that it is possible to further ensure the high pullout resistance (fastening strength).
- the magnitude of the pull-out resistance should be checked periodically or as needed to restore it to the set value if it has decreased.
- This inspection work can be performed by rotating the bolt with a torque wrench. However, if the members are not removed one by one in order to rotate the bolt with the torque wrench, the inspection work becomes very troublesome.
- the head of the bolt that presses and moves the member for expanding the diameter can be left exposed to the outside of the construction place.
- the bolt can be rotated with a torque wrench while suspended. For this reason, it is possible to very easily perform maintenance maintenance work by inspecting whether or not the expandable anchor maintains a predetermined pull-out resistance value and recovering when it is lowered.
- (A) is a side sectional view of the first embodiment
- (B) is a sectional view taken along the line BB of (A)
- (C) is a sectional view taken along the line CC of (A)
- (C ′) is another example.
- (D) is a sectional view taken along the line DD of (A)
- (E) is a diagram showing a state in which the diameter is enlarged
- (B) is a diagram showing a state in which a member is attached.
- (A) is a side sectional view of the second embodiment
- (B) is a side view of the third embodiment
- (C) is a side view of the fourth embodiment
- (D) is a side view of the fifth embodiment. .
- (A) is a partially broken side view of the sixth embodiment
- (B) is a partially broken side view of the seventh embodiment
- (C) is a partially broken side view of the eighth embodiment
- (D) is (C).
- (E) is a partially broken side view of the ninth embodiment.
- (A) is a side sectional view of the tenth embodiment
- (B) is a partially cutaway side view of the eleventh embodiment
- (C) is a side sectional view of the twelfth embodiment
- (D) is a thirteenth embodiment. It is a sectional side view.
- (A) is a sectional side view of the fourteenth embodiment
- (B) is a sectional side view of the fifteenth embodiment
- (C) is a sectional view taken along the line CC of (B)
- (D) is a sectional view of the sixteenth embodiment.
- a side sectional view, (E) is a sectional side view of an essential part of the seventeenth embodiment
- (F) is a sectional view taken along line FF of (E). It is a figure which shows the usage example of the expandable anchor shown to FIG. 3 (A). It is a figure which shows the test which verified the effect of this invention.
- FIGS. 1 to (C) are diagrams showing a preferred swollen state of the enlarged diameter portion
- (D) is a sectional view of the eighteenth embodiment
- (E) is a sectional view of the nineteenth embodiment
- (F) is a twentyth embodiment.
- a sectional view of an embodiment and (G) are sectional views of a 21st embodiment.
- the expandable anchor includes a hollow shaft 3 that is inserted into a pilot hole 2 of a construction site 1 made of concrete.
- the hollow shaft 3 defines an end portion entering the pilot hole 2 as a distal end portion 3a, and defines an end portion on the opposite side as a proximal end 3b.
- a circular flange (or head) 4 is provided.
- the hollow shaft 5 has a hollow hole 5 over its entire length, but the hollow hole 5 has a small diameter portion 5a within a certain range of the tip 3a.
- the tip portion 3a may have a solid configuration in which the small diameter portion 5a of the hollow hole 5 is not present.
- the hollow hole 5 of the same system may be formed over the entire length, and the tip 3a may be closed with a plug. It is also possible to form a hollow shaft 3 by drawing a coil pipe having a small-diameter hole. In this case, the small-diameter portion 5a remains as the inner diameter of the material, and the other portions have an inner diameter by drilling or the like. The diameter will be expanded. What is necessary is just to select the raw material of the hollow shaft 3 as needed. When high durability and rust prevention properties are required like a tunnel anchor, it is preferable to use stainless steel. Also suitable is steel that has been surface-treated like plating.
- slits 6 that are long in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction in a certain range on the near side of the front end portion 3a of the hollow shaft 3, and the portion where the slits 6 are provided is the shaft.
- the diameter-expanded portion 7 is swellable and deformable in a direction perpendicular to the center. Therefore, the slit 6 does not reach the tip 3 a of the hollow shaft 3.
- the slit 6 communicates with the inside and outside of the hollow shaft 3.
- the slit 6 can be processed by, for example, a milling cutter.
- the number of slits 6 can be arbitrarily set, and in the example illustrated in (C ′), six slits 6 are formed.
- the length in the axial direction of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is set to about twice the outer diameter of the hollow shaft 3. When the thickness of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is thin, even if the length of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is not more than twice the outer diameter of the hollow shaft 3, it can be easily deformed.
- a female screw 8 is formed on the front side (base end 3b side) of the hollow hole 5 of the hollow shaft 3 with respect to the enlarged diameter portion 7, and a bolt 9 with a hexagonal hole is screwed into the female screw 8 from the outside. (The female screw 8 may reach the expanded diameter portion 7).
- many metal balls (steel ball) 10 are incorporated as an example of a diameter expansion effect
- the outer diameter of the ball 10 is set to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the hollow hole 5, and in the illustrated example, each ball 10 has the same outer diameter. Of course, it is possible to set the outer diameter of the ball 10 to be almost the same as the inner diameter of the hollow hole 5.
- the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the hollow hole 5 can be arbitrarily set. That is, the thickness of the hollow shaft 3 can be set arbitrarily.
- the method for using the expandable anchor is the same as in the prior art.
- the hollow shaft 3 is fitted into the prepared hole 2 in the construction site 1 and then the bolt 9 is screwed with the hexagonal bit 11. .
- the group of bolts 9 is pushed and moved, but the balls 10 tend to move also in the radial direction of the hollow shaft 3 because the adjacent balls 10 are in contact with each other.
- the enlarged diameter part 7 swells and deforms over the long range, and bites into the pilot hole 2 of the construction site 1.
- the expanded state of the expanded diameter portion 7 is shown as a straight line with a solid line, but the ball 10 acts to strongly press the balls 10 positioned at weak portions pressed against each other. Therefore, in practice, as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. That is, the ball 10 makes point contact with the enlarged diameter portion 7, but a phenomenon occurs in which the ball 10 that is in contact with the weakest portion of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is strongly pressed by another ball 10 and deforms into a mountain shape. It is. When the length of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is shortened, the enlarged diameter portion 7 inevitably swells in a mountain shape or an arc shape.
- the enlarged diameter part 7 is isolate
- the tip of the conventional expandable anchor spreads in a trumpet shape, and this expanded state is schematically shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG.
- the tip of the enlarged diameter portion 7 moves as indicated by an arrow 7b, and a pressing force acts on the construction place 1 made of concrete as indicated by 7b (a compressive load is applied).
- a boundary between a portion that is strongly pressed by the enlarged diameter portion 7a and a portion that is not so is generated, and it is assumed that a slip phenomenon occurs at this boundary and leads to cone destruction. Is done.
- the acting direction 7b of the pressing force by the enlarged diameter portion 7a is inclined with respect to the axial center of the anchor, the boundary surface tends to form a conical surface, which promotes cone destruction. I guess that.
- the construction place 1 is in a state of biting in while crushing the structure, and the construction place 1 is not strongly pressed. It is guessed. In other words, it is presumed that the embodiment of the present invention is not caught in the pilot hole by friction but is caught by biting. This makes it possible to achieve a high pulling resistance without causing cone destruction.
- the construction place 1 since the enlarged diameter portion 7 swells in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the hollow shaft 3, the construction place 1 has a boundary between a portion where the pressing force is strongly applied and a portion where the pressing force is not applied. It does not occur, and the pressing force (compressive stress) acting on the construction site 1 gradually changes along the axial direction. It is speculated that this point also contributes greatly to the prevention of cone destruction.
- the hexagonal bit 11 is attached to a torque wrench. And since the tension force of the enlarged diameter part 7 with respect to the pilot hole 2 has a proportional relationship with the screwing torque of the bolt 9, the bolt 9 is tightened with a torque wrench and the rotation is stopped when a predetermined screwing torque is reached. In a state where the expanded diameter portion 7 is swollen, the bolt 9 is deeply inserted into the female screw hole 8. For this reason, the member 13 can be fixed to the proximal end surface of the hollow shaft 3 by screwing the fastening bolt 12 into the female screw hole 8. Therefore, the entire bolt 9 has the female screw hole 8 inserted therein, and the female screw hole 8 must be in a state where the bolt can be screwed from the outside.
- the usage of the expandable anchor can be arbitrarily set according to the state of the construction site.
- a suspension bolt may be screwed into the hollow shaft 3 from below, and various members such as a ceiling plate may be suspended by the suspension bolt (this example will be described later).
- the length of the enlarged diameter portion 7 may be arbitrarily set according to the length of the hollow shaft 3, the required extraction resistance, and the like.
- FIG. 2A the base end 3a of the hollow shaft 3 is not provided with a flange, and other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.
- the enlarged diameter portion 7 is displayed in a trapezoidal shape, but in practice, it is often swelled in a mountain shape as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG.
- the third embodiment shown in FIG. 2B and the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 2C are common in that an engagement male screw 15 that bites into the pilot hole is formed on the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 3. .
- the example of (B) forms the flange 4 in the base end 3b of the hollow shaft 3, and the example of (C) has a straight structure without forming the flange 4.
- the engaging male screw 15 can easily bite into the prepared hole 1 of the construction site 1 by setting the pitch to a value several times the width of the thread. It is also possible to form a plurality of screw threads with different heights.
- the flange 4 is formed as shown in FIG. 2B, and the flange is formed into a square shape that can be rotated with a spanner (wrench) like a hexagon.
- the shaft 3 can be easily screwed.
- the engaging male screw 15 is formed at a site on the near side of the enlarged diameter portion 7, but can be formed so as to extend over the entire enlarged diameter portion 7. If the engaging male screw 15 is formed up to the enlarged diameter portion 7, it is estimated that the pulling resistance can be remarkably improved because the engaging male screw 15 strongly bites into the pilot hole 2 when the enlarged diameter portion 7 expands.
- annular protrusions 16 are formed in the enlarged diameter portion 7.
- the annular protrusion 16 is formed so that the cross section is a right triangle and the inclined surface is located on the tip portion 3a side. Therefore, a high resistance against drawing is exhibited. It is also possible to form a spiral protrusion instead of the annular protrusion 16. Alternatively, knurling can be performed on the outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7.
- the fixing male screw 16 into which the nut 17 is screwed is formed in a certain range on the proximal end side of the hollow shaft 3. Therefore, the fixing male screw 18 is a metric screw.
- the member 13 is provided with a mounting hole 19 into which the fixing male screw portion 16 is fitted, and the member 13 is pressed and fixed to the surface of the construction place 1 with a nut 17. Moreover, since it is not necessary to make the whole bolt 9 enter the inside of the hollow shaft 3, the bolt 9 can be used. It is also possible to operate the bolt 9 and swell and deform the enlarged diameter portion 7 with the member 13 fixed.
- the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 3B is a modification of the sixth embodiment.
- the hollow shaft 3 is provided with the flange 4, and the fixing male screw 16 is formed outside the flange 4.
- the engaging male screw 15 is formed on the opposite side of the fixing male screw 16.
- the flange 4 is preferably a square such as a hexagon.
- the bolt 9 for inflating the enlarged diameter portion 7 is used as a bolt 9 with a hexagonal hole, and the bolt 9 is hollow even when the enlarged diameter portion 7 is inflated. It is set so as to be exposed to the outside of the shaft 3, and a member 13 is fitted into the bolt 9 and fixed with a nut 17. Therefore, in this embodiment, the bolt 9 for inflating the enlarged diameter portion 7 is used for attaching (fixing) the member 13. Then, by loosening the nut 17, the rotation operation (torque adjustment) of the bolt 9 can be easily performed. The nut 17 also serves to prevent the bolt 9 from loosening.
- FIG. 4 Tenth to thirteenth embodiments (FIG. 4)
- the hollow shaft 5 is formed with a hollow hole 5 over the entire length
- the female screw 8 is formed over the entire length of the hollow hole 5
- the stopper bolt 21 is screwed from the tip.
- the female screw 8 may be formed only on both sides sandwiching the enlarged diameter portion 7.
- a state in which the slit 6 is processed by the milling cutter 22 is also displayed. Although the state in which the milling cutter 22 moves is shown in the figure, the hollow shaft 3 may be moved.
- the fixing male screw 16 as shown in FIG. 3A can be formed at the base end portion 3 b of the hollow shaft 3.
- the slit 6 can be formed by punching by inserting a rod with a groove into the hollow cylinder 3 and moving the punch from the outside toward the groove of the rod.
- crushing can be employed instead of screwing the stopper bolt 21.
- corrugated irregularities 23 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 7 at a fine pitch.
- this embodiment is similar to FIG. 2 (D)
- the difference from FIG. 2 (D) is that it is uneven by forming a large number of grooves in the enlarged diameter portion 7, and therefore, The protrusion does not become a resistance when inserted into the pilot hole 2. And if the diameter expansion part 7 swells, a protrusion will bite into the pilot hole 2 and will exhibit high extraction resistance.
- the two enlarged diameter portions 7 are formed separately in the axial direction.
- the enlarged diameter portion 7 can also be formed at three or more locations separated in the axial direction. It is also possible to make the lengths of the plurality of enlarged diameter portions 7 different from each other.
- the ball 10 when the ball 10 is used as the diameter expansion member, one having a different outer diameter is used.
- the group of balls 10 can be dispersed and stretched as much as possible on the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion 7, so that it can be said that the plurality of portions divided by the slit 6 swell and deform easily.
- FIG. 5 Fourteenth to seventeenth embodiments (FIG. 5) Next, fourteenth to seventeenth embodiments shown in FIG. 5 will be described.
- the multiple (several) bowl-shaped members 24 which overlapped each other are used as a diameter expansion effect
- Both the outer periphery and the inner periphery of the bowl-shaped member 24 are tapered surfaces 25 and 26 that are inclined in the same direction, but the inclination angle of the inner tapered surface 25 is smaller than the inclination angle of the outer tapered surface 26. Yes.
- the portion excluding the central portion is divided by a plurality of (four) slits extending radially. Therefore, the bowl-shaped member 24 can be deformed so that the outer diameter is widened.
- each hook-shaped member 24 expands and deforms, and the diameter-expanded portion 7 is expanded.
- the outer periphery of each bowl-shaped member 24 is curved in a convex shape in cross section, and is in line contact with the enlarged diameter portion 7.
- the diameter expanding member is a ball disposed between a group of non-continuous ring-shaped members 27 bent into an annular shape and the adjacent ring-shaped members 27.
- (Steel ball) 28 The ring-shaped member 27 is formed by bending a wire having a circular cross section, and has an almost circular shape. However, since one end and the other end are not connected, they are spread and deformed by the pressing action of the ball 28.
- each of the ring-shaped members 27 can uniformly spread the enlarged diameter portion 7 in the circumferential direction, the enlarged diameter portion 7 is prevented from hitting the pilot hole 2 and is pulled out very high. It can be said that resistance is exerted.
- a rod 19 is disposed between the bolt 9 and the ball 10. Accordingly, a short bolt 9 can be used, and the labor for machining the female screw hole 8 can be reduced.
- a corrugated member 30 bent in a zigzag in the axial direction is used as the diameter expanding member.
- the corrugated member 30 is divided into four equal parts in the circumferential direction (may be divided into three equal parts or five equal parts or more). For this reason, when the corrugated member 30 is pressed by the bolt 9, the outer diameter is increased due to the contraction of the length, and as a result, the expanded diameter portion 7 can be expanded.
- a stopper rod 31 is provided in a portion surrounded by the corrugated member 30. Due to the presence of the stopper rod 31, the corrugated member 30 is deformed so that the outer diameter is widened.
- the stopper rod 31 is provided integrally with the bolt 9 or separately, and slides through the hole 32 provided in the distal end portion 3 a of the hollow shaft 3 when the bolt 9 is screwed. Also in this embodiment, each part divided by the slit 6 can be evenly expanded.
- FIG. 6 a usage example of the expandable anchor shown in FIG. That is, in this usage example, the expandable anchor is used in, for example, the tunnel ceiling 1 ′, and the fixing male screw 16 provided at the base end of the hollow shaft 3 is exposed below the ceiling surface. Then, the upper piece 33 a of the groove-shaped suspension fitting 33 is fixed to the ceiling surface with the nut 17, and the suspension bolt 34 is attached to the lower piece 33 b of the suspension fitting 33.
- the suspension bolt 34 supports a ceiling plate and a ceiling frame.
- a socket bolt with a hexagonal hole in the head is used as the bolt 9 for expanding the expanded diameter portion 7, and the head is exposed below the ceiling surface (a square head bolt can also be used).
- a square head bolt can also be used.
- a headless hexagon socket head bolt or a square head bolt whose circumscribed circle is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the thread can be used as the bolt 9 for expanding the expanded diameter portion 7.
- a headless hexagon socket head bolt or a square head bolt whose circumscribed circle is equal to or smaller than the outer diameter of the thread can be used as the bolt 9 for expanding the expanded diameter portion 7.
- Test results The inventor of the present application conducted an inspection of the performance of the product of the present invention. This is shown in FIG. 7A and 7B show the samples used in the test.
- the sample is similar to the first embodiment, the outer diameter is 10 mm, the total length is 60 mm, the inner diameter of the hollow shaft is about 6 mm, and the bolt 9 is 8 mm (the inner diameter of the pilot hole of the 8 mm female screw). Is the inner diameter of the hollow shaft.)
- the length of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is about 25 mm, the hollow shaft 3 has the same diameter over the entire length, and the tip portion is closed.
- the example sample of the B type narrows down about 8 mm at the tip, and therefore the length of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is shorter than that of the A type.
- a plurality of steel balls having different outer diameters were used as the diameter expanding member. That is, one piece of 6 mm, three pieces of 4.5 mm, three pieces of 5 mm, and one piece of 6 mm were arranged in order from the side close to the bolt 9.
- a conventional product (commercial product) C shown in (C) was used.
- This conventional product C has the same overall length and outer diameter as both samples (60 mm, 10 mm), and is formed so that four slits C2 open at the tip of the hollow shaft C1 at the tip side. ing. Therefore, the portion of the slit is an enlarged diameter portion C3 that spreads in a trumpet shape.
- a pin C4 is inserted into the hollow shaft C1 from the base end. The tip of the pin C4 is tapered, and when the pin C4 is struck, the enlarged diameter portion C3 is expanded. Therefore, in this comparative example C, the pull-out resistance is constant.
- A1 is A type and the outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is knurled
- A2 is A type normal product with a smooth outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7.
- B1 is a B type and the outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is knurled
- B2 is a B type normal product whose outer periphery of the enlarged diameter portion 7 is smooth.
- the knurling process employs a fine pitch diagonal lattice pattern.
- the graph (E) clearly shows that the pull-out resistance increases as the screwing torque of the bolt 9 increases. From this, it can be understood that the desired pull-out strength can be managed by managing the torque of the bolt 9. It can also be understood that when knurling is performed, the pulling resistance is slightly high, and that there is no significant difference between the A type and the B type.
- 7D shows the relationship between the amount of displacement of the expandable anchor and the pullout resistance when the expandable anchor is pulled using the pulling test machine. That is, in the graph of (D), the horizontal axis indicates the amount of axial displacement of the expandable anchor, and the vertical axis indicates the pulling resistance.
- A1 type bolt 9 was screwed at 20 KNm, A1 type bolt 9 was screwed at 8 KNm, and Comparative Example C were used.
- a peak exists in the pullout resistance of the anchor, and when the peak is exceeded, the pullout resistance decreases in accordance with the pullout amount. This can be said to be within the scope of speculation.
- a large number of large-diameter balls having substantially the same diameter as the inner diameter of the enlarged-diameter portion 7 are arranged, and the enlarged-diameter portion 7 is located at a substantially intermediate portion in the axial direction. It is conceivable to arrange a plurality (for example, 4 to 6) of small diameter balls between adjacent large diameter balls. In this example, it is presumed that each portion divided by the slits swells evenly when a plurality of small-diameter balls are sandwiched between two large-diameter balls and pushed in the radial direction.
- the four portions are swelled and deformed by alternately changing the positions in the circumferential direction and the position in the axial direction.
- the diameter portion 7 is divided by three slits, as shown in FIG. 8C, the three portions may bulge and deform by alternately changing the circumferential position and the axial position. Presumed to be ideal. Even if the two bulges are located on the opposite side of the axial center at the same position in the axial direction, it is presumed that a high pulling resistance can be secured without causing cone destruction.
- a ball (steel ball) 10 is used as the diameter expansion member, it is not constant in what manner the ball 10 contacts the diameter expansion portion 7 from the inside. Therefore, it is likely to be difficult to expand the enlarged diameter portion 7 at a plurality of locations separated in the axial direction.
- the auxiliary member 36 is inserted into the enlarged diameter portion 7, and the enlarged diameter portion 7 is expanded via the auxiliary member 36. Yes.
- the auxiliary member 36 is arranged in a state in which it does not shift in the circumferential direction corresponding to each part of the enlarged diameter portion 7 divided by the slit, and is shifted in the axial direction to each auxiliary member 36.
- An outward projection 36a is provided.
- the auxiliary member 36 has a strength that does not easily deform. When the group of balls 10 is pushed by a bolt, each auxiliary member 36 is pushed in the radial direction, and the diameter of the auxiliary member 36 is increased by the protrusion 36a of each auxiliary member 36. Each part of the part 7 swells and deforms.
- the enlarged diameter portion 7 is formed in an elliptical shape, and four slits 6 are formed so that the thin portion and the thick portion are separated in the circumferential direction. Yes.
- the thin portion is intensively deformed, it is assumed that it becomes easy to inflate the enlarged diameter portion 7 symmetrically (the ball is separated from the two thin portions in the axial direction). Since it abuts at the site, it is estimated that even if it swells symmetrically, the bulge also shifts in the axial direction.
- the front and rear two pins 37 and 38 are inserted into the hollow shaft 3, and a plurality of balls 10 are arranged between them.
- the pins 37 and 38 are formed in a cannonball shape having a tapered tip portion, and are arranged so that the tips face each other. Therefore, when the front pin 38 is pushed in with a bolt, the balls 10 are arranged in a line in the circumferential direction by the pinching action of the pins 37 and 38, and in this state, move to the outside perpendicular to the axis. Therefore, the bulge position of the enlarged diameter portion 7 can be accurately set.
- the number of balls 10 can be assumed to be about 3 to 10, for example.
- the bolt 9 cannot be screwed any further, so that the enlarged diameter portion 7 can be prevented from being excessively swollen.
- the maximum screwing torque of the bolt 9 can also be controlled.
- the tips of the pins 37 and 38 can be set in a conical shape, a trapezoidal shape, or a shape curved outwardly in a concave shape as opposed to the figure.
- the diameter-expanded portion 7 can be easily expanded to the opposite side separated by 180 degrees. It is also possible to place the balls 10 between adjacent pins using three pins. In this case, the two enlarged diameter portions 7 can be formed to be separated from each other in the axial direction, and the two enlarged diameter portions 7 can be expanded with a ball. Therefore, the embodiment of FIG. 8A can be easily realized. It is also possible to inflate at three or more different locations in the axial direction by using four or more pins.
- an annular groove 39 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the front pin 38, and an O-ring (or rubber band) 40 is fitted into the annular groove 39 as an example of a drop-off preventing means.
- O-ring 40 Since the O-ring 40 is fitted into the hollow shaft 3 in an elastically deformed state, it does not easily fall off. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the ball 10 from being inadvertently detached during assembly. Even if the bolt 0 is removed after the construction, the pins 37 and 38 and the ball 10 will not fall off.
- the diameter expansion member is not limited to the illustrated one, and can be widely used as long as it projects from the inside to the diameter expansion portion by the pushing action of the bolt. Therefore, it is also possible to use an arcuately curved wire or a spirally wound member such as a coil spring. When using a spirally wound member, it can be said that if the cross-sectional shape is triangular or trapezoidal, a high diameter expansion effect can be exhibited.
- the hollow shaft, the diameter expanding member, and the bolt can be made of resin.
- the enlarged diameter part can also be formed by making a large number of holes or changing the slit to a thin part.
- a plug made of a soft material such as rubber can be inserted into the hollow shaft. Since the plug is crushed by a bolt, there is no problem with the pushing function of the ball or the like. Moreover, even if the bolt is removed, the plug is held inside the hollow shaft, so that the diameter-expanding member such as a ball can be prevented from falling off.
- drop-off prevention means it is possible to use a metal plug and fit an elastic annular body such as an O-ring into an annular groove formed on the outer periphery of the plug.
- the diameter increasing member such as a ball is pressed by a bolt through the plug.
- the present invention can actually be embodied as an expandable anchor. Therefore, it can be used industrially.
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Abstract
Description
次に、本願発明の実施形態を図面に基づいて説明する。まず、図1に示す第1実施形態を説明する。拡張式アンカーは、コンクリート製の施工場所1の下穴2に挿入される中空軸3を備えている。中空軸3は、下穴2に入り込んでいる端部を先端部3aと定義して、それと反対側の端部を基端3bと定義しており、中空軸3の基端3bには、六角又は円形のフランジ(或いは頭)4を設けている。
次に、図2に示す第2~5実施形態を説明する。図2のうち(A)に示す第2実施形態は、中空軸3の基端3aにフランジを備えていないものであり、他の構成は第1実施形態と同じである。拡径部7は台形状に膨らんだ状態に表示しているが、実際には、図1(E)の一点鎖線で示したように山形に膨らむことが多い。
次に、図3に示す第6~9実施形態を説明する。図3のうち(A)に示す第6実施形態では、中空軸3のうち基端側のある程度の範囲に、ナット17がねじ込まれる固定用雄ねじ16を形成している。従って、固定用雄ねじ18はメートルねじになっている。
図4に示す実施形態では、中空軸3には全長にわたって中空穴5が形成されており、中空穴5の全長に亙って雌ねじ8を形成して、先端部からストッパーボルト21をねじ込んでいる。この実施形態では、中空軸3としてパイプを使用できるため、コストダウンに貢献できる。雌ねじ8は、拡径部7を挟んだ両側のみに形成してもよい。スリット6をミーリングカッター22で加工している状態も表示している。図ではミーリングカッター22が動く状態を表示しているが、中空軸3を移動させてもよい。この実施形態においても、中空軸3の基端部3bに、図3(A)のような固定用雄ねじ16を形成できる。
次に、図5に示す第14~17実施形態を説明する。このうち(A)に示す第14実施形態では、拡径作用部材として、互いに重なり合った多数(複数)の椀状部材24を使用している。椀状部材24の外周と内周とは、ともに同じ方向に傾斜したテーパ面25,26になっているが、内側テーパ面25の傾斜角度が、外側テーパ面26の傾斜角度よりも小さくなっている。また、中央部を除いた部分は放射状に延びる複数本(4本)のスリットで分断されている。従って、椀状部材24は、外径が広がるように変形し得る。
図6では、図3(A)に示した拡張式アンカーの使用例を具体的に表示している。すなわちこの使用例では、拡張式アンカーは例えばトンネルの天井部1′に使用されており、中空軸3の基端部に設けた固定用雄ねじ16が天井面の下方に露出している。そして、溝形の吊り金具33の上片33aをナット17で天井面に固定し、吊り金具33の下片33bに吊りボルト34を取り付けている。吊りボルト34では、天井板や天井枠が吊支される。
本願発明者は、本願発明の実施品の性能の検査を行った。これを図7に表示している。図7(A)(B)では、試験に使用したサンプルを表示している。サンプルは第1実施形態と類似したものであり、外径は10mm、全長は60mm、中空軸の内径は約6mmであり、ボルト9は8mmのものを使用した(8mmの雌ねじの下穴の内径が中空軸の内径になっている。)。
図7のサンプルA,Bを検証したところ、拡径部7は周方向の一部のみに大きく膨らんでいた。このことから、引き抜き抵抗増大のためには、拡径部7は必ずしも全周にわたって均等に膨らむ必要なく、むしろ、深く食い込むことが重要であると推測される。
本願発明は、上記の実施形態の他にも様々に具体化できる。例えば、拡径作用部材は図示したものには限らないのであり、ボルトの押し作用によって拡径部に内側から突っ張るものであれば、広く使用できる。従って、弓形に湾曲した線材や、コイルばねのような螺旋状に巻かれた部材なども使用できる。螺旋状に巻かれた部材を使用する場合、断面形状を三角形や台形にすると、高い拡径作用を発揮できると云える。
2 下穴
3 中空軸
3a 先端部
3b 基端部
4 フランジ
6 中空穴
7 拡径部
8 雌ねじ部
9 拡径部を広げるためのボルト
10 拡径作用部材の一例としての金属製ボール
12 部材締結用のボルト
13 拡張式アンカーによって取り付けられる部材
15 下穴に食い込む係合用雄ねじ
16 固定用雄ねじ
17 ナット
24 拡径作用部材の一例としての椀状部材
27 拡径作用部材の一例としてのリング状部材
30 拡径作用部材の一例としての波形部材
33 吊支金具
34 吊りボルト
35 トルクレンチ
Claims (5)
- 施工場所に空けられた下穴に先端から挿入される中空軸と、施工場所の外側から前記中空軸の内部にねじ込まれるボルトとを備えており、
前記中空軸のうち前記下穴に入り込んでいる箇所に、膨れ変形可能に弱化された拡径部が、前記中空軸の先端よりも手前に位置するようにして形成されており、かつ、前記中空軸の内部に、前記ボルトのねじ込みによる押し作用によって拡径部を放射方向外側に押しやる拡径作用部材が配置されている、
拡張式アンカー。 - 前記中空軸の拡径部には、軸方向に長いスリットが周方向に隔てて複数本形成されている、
請求項1に記載した拡張式アンカー。 - 前記拡径作用部材は多数個の金属製ボールで構成されており、前記ボールの群が前記ボルトで押されて放射方向外側に移動することにより、前記拡径部が膨れ変形することが許容されている、
請求項1又は2に記載した拡張式アンカー。 - 前記拡径部の軸方向の長さは、前記中空軸の外径の少なくとも2倍の寸法である、
請求項3に記載した拡張式アンカー。 - 前記中空軸はその他端部が前記施工場所の外側に露出するように設定されており、中空軸のうち少なくとも施工場所の外側に露出する部位に固定用雄ねじを形成しており、前記固定用雄ねじに螺合するナットで他の部材を取り付け可能である、
請求項3に記載した拡張式アンカー。
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN201680007924.1A CN107429513B (zh) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | 扩张式锚定器 |
EP22200871.6A EP4137708B1 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | Expansion anchor |
JP2016572212A JP6272513B2 (ja) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | 拡張式アンカー |
AU2016212997A AU2016212997B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | Expansion anchor |
US15/547,349 US10415620B2 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | Expansion anchor |
EP16743596.5A EP3252243B1 (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | Expansion anchor |
SG11201706163YA SG11201706163YA (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | Expansion anchor |
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JP2015017018 | 2015-01-30 | ||
JP2015-017018 | 2015-01-30 |
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PCT/JP2016/052833 WO2016121993A1 (ja) | 2015-01-30 | 2016-01-29 | 拡張式アンカー |
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US (1) | US10415620B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP4137708B1 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP6272513B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107429513B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2016212997B2 (ja) |
SG (1) | SG11201706163YA (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2016121993A1 (ja) |
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- 2016-01-29 CN CN201680007924.1A patent/CN107429513B/zh active Active
- 2016-01-29 AU AU2016212997A patent/AU2016212997B2/en active Active
- 2016-01-29 EP EP22200871.6A patent/EP4137708B1/en active Active
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- 2016-01-29 EP EP16743596.5A patent/EP3252243B1/en active Active
- 2016-01-29 WO PCT/JP2016/052833 patent/WO2016121993A1/ja active Application Filing
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPWO2018159697A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-04-09 | 浜田 敏次 | 拡張式アンカー及びこれに使用する拡張部材 |
WO2020045348A1 (ja) | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | 雄治 土肥 | 拡開式アンカー及びこれに使用するスリーブ並びに施工方法 |
JPWO2020045348A1 (ja) * | 2018-08-27 | 2020-03-05 | ||
TWI816866B (zh) * | 2018-08-27 | 2023-10-01 | 土肥雄治 | 擴張式固定器 |
US11867210B2 (en) | 2018-08-27 | 2024-01-09 | Yuji Dohi | Expansion-type anchor, sleeve used in same, and construction method |
JP7418676B2 (ja) | 2018-08-27 | 2024-01-22 | 雄治 土肥 | 拡開式アンカー |
JP2020084476A (ja) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-06-04 | 敏次 浜田 | 自己穿孔型拡張式アンカー及びこれに使用するドライバビット |
JP2022042219A (ja) * | 2020-09-02 | 2022-03-14 | 日本パワーファスニング株式会社 | 拡張式アンカーの抜去装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP4137708B1 (en) | 2023-11-22 |
AU2016212997A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
AU2016212997B2 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
SG11201706163YA (en) | 2017-09-28 |
US10415620B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 |
CN107429513B (zh) | 2021-02-12 |
JP6272513B2 (ja) | 2018-01-31 |
JP2018080839A (ja) | 2018-05-24 |
CN107429513A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
JPWO2016121993A1 (ja) | 2017-12-14 |
EP4137708A1 (en) | 2023-02-22 |
EP3252243B1 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
EP3252243A1 (en) | 2017-12-06 |
US20180023606A1 (en) | 2018-01-25 |
EP3252243A4 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
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