WO2016110885A1 - 有効分げつ促進剤、および有効分げつ促進方法 - Google Patents
有効分げつ促進剤、および有効分げつ促進方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016110885A1 WO2016110885A1 PCT/JP2015/004889 JP2015004889W WO2016110885A1 WO 2016110885 A1 WO2016110885 A1 WO 2016110885A1 JP 2015004889 W JP2015004889 W JP 2015004889W WO 2016110885 A1 WO2016110885 A1 WO 2016110885A1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/32—Yeast
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/26—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an effective tiller promoter capable of promoting effective tillering and increasing the yield by treating rice plants and the like.
- the vegetative growth first proceeds, and the tillering stage in which a new stem comes out from the root of the seedling begins. Subsequently, the reproductive growth proceeds in the order of young ear formation, ear bud, heading / flowering, and maturity, and the rice can be harvested and harvested.
- the occurrence of stems in the tillering period is divided into effective tillers and ineffective tillers.
- the effective tiller refers to a stalk from which the ears on which seeds grow are formed as the reproduction grows.
- Ineffective tillers refer to stems that do not form ears even when they occur or do not bear seeds even when they form. As the number of effective tillers increases, the number of seeds per strain increases, so effective tillers are one of the factors that greatly affect the increase and decrease in yield.
- a reducing fertilizer manufactured using beer yeast or the like is known (for example, Patent Document 1).
- the reducing fertilizer is configured to include, for example, a microbial material superheated steam-treated product, and the microbial material superheated steam-treated product includes, for example, yeast, yeast extract, or yeast cell wall, and phosphoric acid and potassium. It can obtain by performing a superheated steam process (hydrothermal reaction process) to the mixture containing this.
- Patent Document 1 describes that application of the reducing fertilizer can promote the growth of roots of fruit trees and the enlargement of fruits.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a novel technique capable of promoting effective tillering.
- the present inventor conducted intensive research on a technology that can promote effective tillering. As a result, it has been found that the number of effective tillers can be increased by treating the microbial material superheated steam-treated product disclosed in Patent Document 1 with rice or the like. Such an effect on the promotion of effective tillering is not disclosed in Patent Document 1.
- the gist of the present invention is as follows. [1] Effective fraction containing yeast material, yeast extract or yeast cell wall, microbial material superheated steam treatment product obtained by subjecting yeast cell wall, phosphate or phosphate compound and potassium or potassium compound mixture to superheat steam treatment Gill promoter. [2] Microbial material superheated steam-treated product obtained by subjecting yeast, yeast extract or yeast cell wall, phosphoric acid or a mixture containing phosphate compound and potassium or potassium compound to superheated steam treatment, A method of promoting effective tillering, including processing. [3] The method for promoting effective tillering according to [2], wherein the microbial material is treated with the Gramineae plant by foliar spraying the superheated steam-treated product.
- [4] The method for promoting effective tiller according to [2] or [3], wherein the gramineous plant is rice, wheat, barley, rye, or oat.
- [5] The method for promoting effective tiller according to any one of [2] to [4], wherein the microbial material superheated steam-treated product is treated with a grass family in a tillering stage.
- [6] The method for promoting effective tiller according to [5], wherein the microbial material superheated steam-treated product is treated with a grass family plant during an effective tillering period.
- the Gramineae plant is paddy rice, and includes 10 ml to 1000 ml of the microbial material superheated steam-treated product per 10a on the paddy rice planted and cultivated between 10,000 and 23,000 per 10a. , A method for promoting effective tiller according to any one of [2] to [6].
- FIG. 6 is a graph relating to the yield of the effective tillering accelerator treatment group and the non-treatment group of Example according to Test Example 2.
- FIG. It is a photograph which shows an example of the strain
- the effective tillering accelerator of the present embodiment includes a microbial material superheated steam-treated product, and the microbial material superheated steam-treated product is composed of yeast, yeast extract, or yeast cell wall, phosphoric acid or phosphorus. It can be obtained by subjecting a mixture containing an acid compound and potassium or a potassium compound to superheated steam treatment (hydrothermal reaction treatment).
- the microbial material superheated steam-treated product is disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and can be produced from a conventionally known material according to the method disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example.
- the superheated steam treatment is a method of generating superheated steam by heating and pressurization and changing the physical properties of the object due to the influence of the superheated steam.
- the temperature is preferably 120 ° C. or higher and 220 ° C. or lower, more preferably 150 ° C. or higher and 210 ° C. or lower.
- the pressure is preferably 0.9 MPa or more and 1.9 MPa or less, more preferably 1.2 MPa or more and 1.8 MPa or less.
- a hydrothermal reaction treatment performed at a pressure of 0.9 MPa to 1.9 MPa and 120 ° C. to 220 ° C. is preferable, and a hydrothermal reaction treatment performed at 0.9 MPa to 1.9 MPa and 150 ° C. to 210 ° C. Is more preferable, and a hydrothermal reaction treatment performed at 1.2 MPa to 1.8 MPa and 150 ° C. to 210 ° C. is more preferable.
- yeast, yeast extract, or yeast cell wall is muddy beer yeast, pressed beer yeast, dried beer yeast, beer yeast suspension, dried yeast cell wall, yeast cell wall suspension, And at least one selected from the group consisting of beer yeast-containing inorganic substances.
- the phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a conventionally known phosphoric acid compound can be used as a fertilizer component. Specifically, various soluble or soluble fertilizers may be used, and phosphoperium lime, heavy superphosphate lime, and phosphorous fertilizer as a mixture obtained by treating phosphate rock with sulfuric acid to solubilize phosphoric acid. And calcined phosphorus fertilizer. Potassium or potassium compounds may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- a conventionally known potassium compound may be used as a fertilizer, and specific examples include potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium hydroxide, and potassium nitrate.
- the mixing ratio of yeast, yeast extract, or yeast cell wall, phosphoric acid or phosphate compound and potassium or potassium compound is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art, for example, yeast, yeast extract, Alternatively, it can be greater than phosphoric acid or phosphoric acid compound 0 to 135 parts by weight or greater than potassium or potassium compound 0 to 100 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the yeast cell wall.
- the method for using the effective tiller promoter of the present embodiment is not particularly limited.
- the present invention is applied to rice plants such as rice before the tillering stage or in the tillering stage (6 to 10 main leaves). What is necessary is just to process the effective tiller promoter of the embodiment once or more.
- it is composed of an effective tillering period (6-8 leaves) and an invalid tillering period (9-10 leaves) Of the tilling periods, it is preferable to perform the treatment of the effective tillering promoter of the present embodiment during the effective tilling period.
- a processing method is not specifically limited, From the viewpoint of agricultural work efficiency, it is preferable to treat gramineous plants by foliar spraying.
- the amount to be treated is not particularly limited.
- the effective tillering accelerator (stock solution) of this embodiment obtained per 10a is in the range of 10 ml to 1000 ml, and the dilution rate is 1
- the dose may be administered as a fold to 10,000 times.
- the stock solution is administered in a range of 40 ml to 400 ml with a dilution rate of 50 times to 1000 times.
- the gramineous plant for treating the effective tiller promoter of this embodiment is not particularly limited and can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art.
- rice for example, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oat (oats) ) And the like.
- the rice may be either paddy rice or upland rice.
- the number of strains per 10a is usually 10,000 to 23,000.
- the number of effective tillers in the gramineous plant such as treated rice can be increased. Effects such as an increase in the number of seedlings and a reduction in sterility and an increase in the weight of a thousand grains can be obtained, and as a result, the yield can be increased.
- the microbial material superheated steam-treated product according to the present embodiment is processed by rice plants such as rice, so that rooting (fine roots) is promoted and the amount of fertilizer absorption is increased. can get. Therefore, it is possible to increase the yield of grasses such as treated rice.
- the effective tillering accelerator containing the microbial material superheated steam-treated product of the examples was produced as follows. First, 570 kg of yeast cell walls and 3230 kg of liquid fertilizer adjusted to 8% by weight of phosphoric acid and 7% by weight of potassium were added to a magnetically stirred hydrothermal reactor to obtain a mixed solution. The mixture is heated while being stirred and mixed, and after the reaction kettle is filled with steam, the lid is closed and the temperature is raised to 170 ° C and the pressure is 0.95 MPa. 3800 kg of accelerator was obtained.
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Abstract
Description
ここで分げつ期における茎の発生は、有効分げつと無効分げつとに分けられる。有効分げつとは、当該分げつのうち、生殖生長が進むことによって種子が実る穂が形成される茎をいう。また、無効分げつとは、発生しても穂が形成されないか、穂が形成されても種子が実らない茎をいう。
有効分げつの数が増えることにより1株当たりの実る種子の数も増えるため、有効分げつは収量の増減に大きな影響を与える要因の1つである。
本発明は、有効分げつを促進可能である新規な技術を提供することを目的とする。
[1] 酵母、酵母の抽出物、または酵母の細胞壁、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物を含む混合物に過熱水蒸気処理を施すことにより得られる微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を含む、有効分げつ促進剤。
[2] 酵母、酵母の抽出物、または酵母の細胞壁、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物を含む混合物に過熱水蒸気処理を施すことにより得られる微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物をイネ科植物に処理することを含む、有効分げつを促進する方法。
[3] 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を葉面散布することにより前記イネ科植物に処理する[2]に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
[4] 前記イネ科植物が、稲、小麦、大麦、ライムギ、またはエンバクである[2]または[3]に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
[5] 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を分げつ期においてイネ科植物に処理する[2]から[4]のいずれか1つに記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
[6] 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を有効分げつ期においてイネ科植物に処理する[5]に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
[7] 前記イネ科植物が水稲であり、10a当たり1万株~2.3万株植えられて栽培されている水稲に対して前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を10a当たり10ml~1000ml処理することを含む、[2]から[6]のいずれか1つに記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
本実施形態の有効分げつ促進剤は、微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を含んで構成されており、微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物は、酵母、酵母の抽出物、または酵母の細胞壁、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物を含む混合物に過熱水蒸気処理(水熱反応処理)を施すことにより得ることができる。
本明細書において過熱水蒸気処理(水熱反応処理)とは、加温、加圧により過熱水蒸気を発生させ、当該過熱水蒸気の影響により対象物の物性を変化させる方法である。温度に関し、好ましくは120℃以上220℃以下、より好ましくは150℃以上210℃以下である。また、圧力は、好ましくは0.9MPa以上1.9MPa以下、より好ましくは1.2MPa以上1.8MPa以下である。特に、圧力0.9MPa以上1.9MPa以下且つ120℃以上220℃以下で行われる水熱反応処理が好ましく、0.9MPa以上1.9MPa以下且つ150℃以上210℃以下で行われる水熱反応処理がより好ましく、1.2MPa以上1.8MPa以下且つ150℃以上210℃以下で行われる水熱反応処理が更に好ましい。
ここで、特に限定されないが、酵母、酵母の抽出物、又は酵母の細胞壁は、泥状ビール酵母、圧搾ビール酵母、乾燥ビール酵母、ビール酵母懸濁液、乾燥酵母細胞壁、酵母細胞壁懸濁液、及びビール酵母含有無機物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種に由来するようにすることができる。
リン酸またはリン酸化合物としては単独でも2種以上混合して用いてもよく、リン酸化合物としては、肥料の成分として従来公知のリン酸化合物を用いることができる。具体的には、種々の可溶性又はク溶性肥料を用いればよく、リン鉱石を硫酸で処理してリン酸を可溶化した過リン酸石灰や、重過リン酸石灰、混合物としての熔性リン肥料や焼成リン肥等を挙げることができる。
カリウムまたはカリウム化合物についても単独でも2種以上混合して用いてもよい。カリウム化合物としては、肥料として従来公知のカリウム化合物を用いればよく、具体的には、塩化カリウム、硫酸カリウム、水酸化カリウム、及び硝酸カリウム等を挙げることができる。
また、酵母、酵母の抽出物、又は酵母の細胞壁、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物の混合割合は特に限定されず、当業者が適宜設定でき、例えば、酵母、酵母の抽出物、又は酵母の細胞壁100重量部に対し、リン酸またはリン酸化合物0より大きく135重量部以下、カリウムまたはカリウム化合物0より大きく100重量部以下とすることができる。
処理方法は特に限定されないが、農作業効率の観点から、葉面散布によりイネ科植物に対して処理することが好ましい。水稲に関しては水口への流し込み処理も好ましい。
また、処理する量についても特に限定されず、例えば、葉面散布の場合、10a当たり得られた本実施形態の有効分げつ促進剤(原液)を10ml~1000mlの範囲で、希釈倍率が1倍~10000倍として投与すればよい。好ましくは原液を40ml~400mlの範囲で、希釈倍率が50倍~1000倍として投与する。
また、本実施形態の有効分げつ促進剤を処理するイネ科植物としては、特に限定されず当業者が適宜設定することができるが、例えば稲や、小麦、大麦、ライムギ、エンバク(オート麦)などの麦類を挙げることができる。また、稲については水稲、陸稲のいずれであってもよい。なお、水稲の場合、10a当たりの株数は、通常、1万株~2.3万株である。
また、本実施形態に係る微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物が稲等のイネ科植物に処理されることにより、発根(細根)が促進されて吸肥量が増加するほか、倒伏軽減などの効果も得られる。そのため、処理した稲等のイネ科植物の収量を増加させることができる。
実施例の微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を含む有効分げつ促進剤は、以下のようにして製造した。
まず、磁力撹拌型水熱反応釜に、酵母細胞壁570kgとリン酸8重量%・カリウム7重量%に調整された液体肥料3230kgを投入し混合液を得た。その混合液を撹拌混合しながら加温し、反応釜内を蒸気で満たした後、蓋を閉めて温度170℃、圧力0.95MPaまで昇温し、微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物である有効分げつ促進剤3800kgを得た。
水稲(品種:インディカ米OM4900)に対して1)実施例の有効分げつ促進剤 0.3%液、2)Vipac88 0.3%液、3)無散布の3試験区を設定し、田植え後28日目と50日目に10 aあたり40 L を全面葉面散布した。なお、Vipac88(a-Naphthyl Acetic Acid (アルファ-N.A.A),b-Naphthoxy Acetic Acid (ベータ -N.A.A))は慣行の植物生長調整剤であり、オーキシンの一種である。
また、田植え後28日目は有効分げつ期、50日目は穂孕期に相当する。
上記の処理を行った水稲について栽培を行い、田植え後90日目に各区坪刈りを行って収穫調査を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
また、根張りが良く主稈がしっかりし、倒伏が軽減された(倒伏度合が2)。
水稲(品種:ジャポニカ米 はえぬき)に対して 1)実施例の有効分げつ促進剤0.1%液、2)無散布の2試験区を設定し、有効分げつ期(本葉6~8枚時期)に有効分げつ促進剤を10 a(約2万株)あたり200 L 全面葉面散布した。収穫直前に立毛調査で株あたりの平均穂数を調査し、収穫後ライスセンターに出荷して総収量、くず米率(10aあたりのくず米量)、一等米率(10aあたりの一等米量)を調査した。なお、くず米とは1.8~2mmの篩にかけて通過したものをいう。また、一等米とは上記篩を通過しなかったもののうち、農林水産省が定める水稲うるち玄米及び水稲もち玄米の品位に基づき等級検査を行って最上級である一等と分類されるものをいう。
結果を図1に示す。
水稲(品種:黒米 さよむらさき)に対して1)有効分げつ促進剤0.1%液、2)無散布の2試験区を設定し、1)の区については田植え後30日目と100日目に有効分げつ促進剤を10 a(約12,000株)あたり500 Lを全面葉面散布した。田植え後30日目は有効分げつ期~無効分げつ期に、100日目は出穂期に相当する。
また1)の区では有効分げつ促進剤の葉面散布によって総収穫量が1.13倍増加した(有効分げつ促進剤処理区;329.7 kg/10a 、無散布区;292.6 kg/10a)。
Claims (6)
- 酵母、酵母の抽出物、または酵母の細胞壁と、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物とを含む混合物に過熱水蒸気処理を施すことにより得られる微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を含む、有効分げつ促進剤。
- 酵母、酵母の抽出物、または酵母の細胞壁と、リン酸またはリン酸化合物及びカリウムまたはカリウム化合物とを含む混合物に過熱水蒸気処理を施すことにより得られる微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物をイネ科植物に処理することを含む、有効分げつを促進する方法。
- 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を葉面散布することにより前記イネ科植物に処理する請求項2に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
- 前記イネ科植物が、稲、小麦、大麦、ライムギ、またはエンバクである請求項2または3に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
- 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を分げつ期においてイネ科植物に処理する請求項2から4のいずれか1つに記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
- 前記微生物材料過熱水蒸気処理物を有効分げつ期においてイネ科植物に処理する請求項5に記載の有効分げつを促進する方法。
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WO2019168814A1 (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Ralco Nutrition, Inc. | Seed, soil, and plant treatment compositions including yeast extract |
US11401246B2 (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2022-08-02 | Cantero Therapeutics, Inc. | Triazole glycolate oxidase inhibitors |
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WO2006059683A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Breweries, Ltd. | 植物生長調整剤 |
JP2009534445A (ja) * | 2006-04-26 | 2009-09-24 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 植物衛生を改善するための組成物および方法 |
WO2010104197A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | アサヒビール株式会社 | 0mV以下の酸化還元電位を有する微生物由来還元性混合物及びその製造方法 |
WO2013094235A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | 還元性肥料 |
WO2014136863A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | コスモ石油株式会社 | 植物の成長促進剤 |
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CN102533553B (zh) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-06-26 | 湖南省微生物研究所 | 一种快速降解稻草秸秆的有机物料腐熟组合菌剂及其应用方法 |
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WO2006059683A1 (ja) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Breweries, Ltd. | 植物生長調整剤 |
JP2009534445A (ja) * | 2006-04-26 | 2009-09-24 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 植物衛生を改善するための組成物および方法 |
WO2010104197A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-13 | 2010-09-16 | アサヒビール株式会社 | 0mV以下の酸化還元電位を有する微生物由来還元性混合物及びその製造方法 |
WO2013094235A1 (ja) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-27 | アサヒグループホールディングス株式会社 | 還元性肥料 |
WO2014136863A1 (ja) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | コスモ石油株式会社 | 植物の成長促進剤 |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2019168814A1 (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-09-06 | Ralco Nutrition, Inc. | Seed, soil, and plant treatment compositions including yeast extract |
US11401246B2 (en) | 2018-07-06 | 2022-08-02 | Cantero Therapeutics, Inc. | Triazole glycolate oxidase inhibitors |
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JP5866035B1 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
JP2016124848A (ja) | 2016-07-11 |
AU2015376023B2 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
KR20170102199A (ko) | 2017-09-08 |
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