WO2016098200A1 - 太陽光発電所の制御システム - Google Patents
太陽光発電所の制御システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016098200A1 WO2016098200A1 PCT/JP2014/083425 JP2014083425W WO2016098200A1 WO 2016098200 A1 WO2016098200 A1 WO 2016098200A1 JP 2014083425 W JP2014083425 W JP 2014083425W WO 2016098200 A1 WO2016098200 A1 WO 2016098200A1
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- power
- output
- time
- plw
- emergency request
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- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
- G06F1/26—Power supply means, e.g. regulation thereof
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/02016—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices
- H01L31/02019—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/02021—Circuit arrangements of general character for the devices for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/40—Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
- H02M7/49—Combination of the output voltage waveforms of a plurality of converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a control system for a solar power plant.
- Patent Document 1 listed below is a power conditioner that converts DC power from a solar cell into AC power, and receives information related to a power generation limit value from an output suppression management device that manages a plurality of power conditioners. What is provided with the communication part which transmits the information regarding the electric power generation amount of an apparatus and the suppression control part which suppresses the output electric power of an own apparatus based on an electric power generation amount limit value is disclosed.
- calendar information including suppression information indicating an output suppression date and a suppression amount is received from a command station or a control center on the commercial grid side that supplies commercial power, and based on the calendar information.
- the power conditioner controls the output suppression date and the suppression amount that suppress the output of the photovoltaic power generation.
- the amount of power generation varies depending on the amount of solar radiation. Therefore, as the number of photovoltaic power plants increases, it becomes difficult to maintain the power supply / demand balance, and it becomes difficult to stabilize the power system.
- the output suppression date and the suppression amount are determined based on the prediction of the power supply / demand balance, the calendar information including the suppression information is distributed, and based on the calendar information, the power conditioner Suppress the output of photovoltaic power generation.
- the power supply / demand balance is unpredictable or the weather is different from the prediction, the amount of photovoltaic power generation suppression becomes inappropriate and the power system cannot be stabilized.
- the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a control system for a solar power plant that can contribute to stabilization of an electric power system.
- the solar power plant control system of the present invention includes a plurality of power conditioning systems that perform grid interconnection control for transmitting the power generated by the photovoltaic power generation apparatus to the power grid, and a linkage point that is power output to the power grid. And an overall control device that commands a target output to each power conditioning system so that the electric power is equal to or lower than the output upper limit value, and the overall control device changes the output upper limit value and the changed output upper limit value.
- the receiver that receives the emergency request including information on the connection point, and the connection point power conforms to the output upper limit after the change by the time notified in the emergency request, and the change rate of the connection point power does not exceed the allowable limit
- a calculation unit that calculates a target value of interconnection point power for each time and calculates a target output for each time of each power conditioning system based on the target value. Is shall.
- control system of the photovoltaic power plant of the present invention by controlling the power at the connection point in response to an emergency request including information on the time when the output upper limit value is changed and the output upper limit value after the change, It is possible to contribute to stabilization.
- FIG. 1 In the control system for a photovoltaic power plant according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, an example of a change in electric power when the shortage of the output of some power conditioning systems is compensated by the output of another power conditioning system having surplus power FIG. It is a time chart for demonstrating the method in which the integrated control apparatus calculates the target value of the connection point electric power PLW for every time in Embodiment 2 of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a control system for a photovoltaic power plant according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- the control system 1 of the solar power plant according to the first embodiment includes a plurality of power conditioning systems 3 and an overall control device 10 that controls these power conditioning systems 3.
- Each power conditioning system 3 is provided with respect to each of the some solar power generation device 2 with which the solar power plant was equipped.
- FIG. 1 only three sets of solar power generation devices 2 and power conditioning systems 3 are illustrated, but a larger number of solar power generation devices 2 and power conditioning systems 3 may be provided.
- the overall control device 10 and each power conditioning system 3 are connected to each other via a communication network NT, so that bidirectional communication is possible.
- the solar power generation device 2 generates direct-current power by changing the light energy of the sun into electric energy.
- Each solar power generation device 2 can be composed of a plurality of solar cell strings in which a plurality of solar cell modules configured by arranging a large number of cells (solar cell elements) are arranged in series.
- each solar power generation device 2 may be one in which a single solar cell module is electrically connected in parallel instead of the solar cell string.
- the DC power generated by each solar power generation device 2 is supplied to the corresponding power conditioning system 3.
- Each power conditioning system 3 performs system interconnection control for converting the DC power generated by the corresponding solar power generation device 2 into AC power and transmitting the AC power to the power system 7.
- the AC power output from the power conditioning system 3 is transmitted to the power system 7 via the interconnection transformer 4 and the main transformer 5.
- an interconnection transformer 4 is provided for each power conditioning system 3.
- the output side of each interconnection transformer 4 is connected to one main transformer 5.
- the output side of the main transformer 5 is connected to the power system 7.
- the electric power system 7 is a commercial transmission / distribution network owned by an electric power company, an electric power distribution company, or the like.
- the power output from the main transformer 5 corresponds to the interconnection point power PLW that is the power output to the power system 7.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of the overall control device 10 according to the first embodiment.
- the overall control device 10 includes a reception unit 11, a calculation unit 12, and a transmission unit 13.
- the receiving unit 11 receives the information transmitted from each power conditioning system 3, the information on the connection point power PLW detected by the power meter 6, and the system information Dps transmitted from the manager of the power system 7. To do.
- the calculation unit 12 calculates the individual target output of each power conditioning system 3 based on the information received by the reception unit 11.
- the calculation unit 12 executes a calculation process based on a storage unit 121 including a ROM (Read Only Memory), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a nonvolatile memory, and the like, and a control program and data stored in the storage unit 121.
- a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 122 and an input / output port for inputting / outputting external signals to / from the CPU 122 are provided.
- the transmission unit 13 transmits the information on the individual target output of each power conditioning system 3 calculated by the calculation unit 12 to the corresponding power conditioning system 3.
- the system information Dps is transmitted to the receiving unit 11 of the overall control apparatus 10 online from a computer system of an administrator of the power system 7 or an energy management system of a power distribution company that manages local power supply and demand.
- the system information Dps transmitted from the computer system or the energy management system may be manually input to the receiving unit 11 of the overall control device 10 by the staff of the solar power plant. good.
- the system information Dps includes information on the output upper limit value that regulates the upper limit of the connection point power PLW.
- the manager of the power system 7 sets the output upper limit value so that the power system 7 is stabilized based on the prediction of the power supply-demand balance.
- the overall control device 10 receives the output upper limit value and commands the target output to each power conditioning system 3.
- the overall control device 10 controls the interconnection point power PLW to be as high as possible within a range where the interconnection point power PLW does not exceed the output upper limit value.
- the rated output (W) of the interconnection power PLW is determined by a contract between the owner of the solar power plant and the power company, distribution company, etc. In the following description, the rated output of the interconnection point power PLW is referred to as “interconnection rated power”.
- the output upper limit value and the connection point power PLW may be expressed by percentages when the connection rated power is 100%.
- the output upper limit value and the interconnection point power PLW may be expressed in units of power (W).
- Each power conditioning system 3 includes a power conversion unit that converts power input from the corresponding solar power generation device 2, a communication unit for communicating with the overall control device 10 via the communication network NT, and various data. And the memory
- Each power conditioning system 3 desirably has a function of performing MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) control that follows the maximum power point of the corresponding solar power generation device 2. Further, each power conditioning system 3 is configured so that the power generated by the corresponding solar power generation device 2 matches the target output received from the overall control device 10 (the voltage and the operating point of the solar power generation device 2). Current). Since such a power conditioning system 3 is well-known, the detailed description is abbreviate
- MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking
- the system information Dps can include an emergency request that is a request to urgently change the output upper limit value.
- the urgent request includes information regarding the time for changing the output upper limit value and the output upper limit value after the change.
- the time at which the change of the output upper limit value is notified in an emergency request is hereinafter referred to as “change notification time”.
- change notification time The time at which the change of the output upper limit value is notified in an emergency request.
- change notification time The time at which the change of the output upper limit value is notified in an emergency request.
- the time at which the overall control device 10 receives the emergency request is not limited to 15 minutes before the change notice time, for example, 30 minutes, 20 minutes, or 10 minutes before the change notice time.
- a time that is a preset time before the change notice time may be used.
- an allowable limit is set for the changing speed of the interconnection point power PLW.
- the overall control device 10 performs control so that the changing speed of the connection point power PLW does not exceed the allowable limit.
- the allowable limit is set so that the amount of change (increase or decrease) in interconnection point power PLW per minute is 12% or less of the interconnection rated power.
- the calculation unit 12 matches the connection point power PLW to the output upper limit value after the change notice time and changes the connection point power PLW.
- a target value of interconnection point power PLW for each time is calculated so that the speed does not exceed the allowable limit.
- the calculating part 12 calculates the target output for every time of each power conditioning system based on the target value of the connection point electric power PLW for every time.
- FIG. 3 is a time chart for explaining a method in which the overall control apparatus 10 calculates the target value of the connection point power PLW for each time in the first embodiment.
- the overall control device 10 calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time.
- the output upper limit value is initially 100%.
- An output upper limit value of 100% corresponds to the absence of a request for output suppression for a solar power plant.
- an emergency request is received at 11:15.
- This urgent request is for notifying that the output upper limit will be changed from 100% to 50% at 11:30.
- the overall control device 10 performs control so that the connection point power PLW starts to decrease or increase from the time when the emergency request is received.
- the overall control device 10 starts to reduce the connection point power PLW from 11:15 in response to the emergency request, and the connection point power PLW is reduced to 50% by 11:30, which is the change notice time. Reduce.
- connection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed (a speed equal to the allowable limit) from 100% at 11:15 to 50% at 11:19:10.
- a line 21 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the case where the interconnection point power PLW is reduced most slowly in a range satisfying the emergency request. In the case of the line 21, the connection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed from 100% at 11:15 to 50% at 11:30.
- the overall control device 10 may be configured such that the line for changing the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time is within the range (allowable range) between the line 20 and the line 21. Thereby, it is possible to contribute to the stability of the electric power system 7 because it is possible to suppress the sudden change of the connection point power PLW while responding to the emergency request.
- the overall control device 10 decreases the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request, it is desirable that the change speed of the connection point power PLW be as slow as possible within the allowable range. That is, when receiving an emergency request at 11:15, the overall control device 10 preferably calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time along the line 21 or a line close thereto.
- an emergency request is subsequently received at 11:45.
- This urgent request is for notifying that the output upper limit will be changed from 50% to 0% at 12:00.
- the overall control apparatus 10 starts to decrease the connection point power PLW from 11:45 in response to the emergency request, and the connection point power PLW is reduced to 0% by 12:00, which is the change notice time.
- a line 22 in FIG. 3 corresponds to a case where the interconnection point power PLW is lowered at the fastest allowable limit. In the case of the line 22, the interconnection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed (a speed equal to the allowable limit) from 50% at 11:45 to 0% at 11:49:10.
- a line 23 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the case where the interconnection point power PLW is reduced most slowly in a range satisfying the emergency request. In the case of the line 23, the connection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed from 50% at 11:45 to 0% at 12:00.
- the overall control device 10 may be configured so that the line that changes the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time is in the range (allowable range) between the line 22 and the line 23. Thereby, it is possible to contribute to the stability of the electric power system 7 because it is possible to suppress the sudden change of the connection point power PLW while responding to the emergency request.
- the overall control device 10 decreases the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request, it is desirable that the change speed of the connection point power PLW be as slow as possible within the allowable range. That is, when receiving an emergency request at 11:45, the overall control device 10 preferably calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time along the line 23 or a line close thereto.
- an emergency request is received at 12:15.
- This urgent request is for notifying that the output upper limit will be changed from 0% to 50% at 12:30.
- the central control device 10 starts to increase the connection point power PLW from 12:15 in response to the emergency request, and the connection point power PLW is increased to 50% by 12:30, which is the change notice time. Raise.
- a line 24 in FIG. 3 corresponds to a case where the interconnection point power PLW is increased at the fastest allowable limit. In the case of the line 24, the connection point power PLW increases at a constant speed (a speed equal to the allowable limit) from 0% at 12:15 to 50% at 12:19:10.
- a line 25 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the case where the connection point power PLW is increased most slowly within a range satisfying the emergency request. In the case of the line 25, the interconnection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed from 0% at 12:15 to 50% at 12:30.
- the overall control device 10 may be configured such that the line that changes the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time is in the range (allowable range) between the line 24 and the line 25. Thereby, it is possible to contribute to the stability of the electric power system 7 because it is possible to suppress the sudden change of the connection point power PLW while responding to the emergency request.
- connection point power PLW When the connection point power PLW is increased along the line 24, the amount of power transmitted to the power system 7, that is, the amount of power sold is larger than when the connection point power PLW is increased along the line 25. it can. Therefore, when the overall control device 10 increases the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request, it is desirable that the change speed of the connection point power PLW be as fast as possible within the allowable range. That is, when receiving an emergency request at 12:15, the overall control device 10 preferably calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time along the line 24 or a line close thereto.
- an emergency request is received at 13:15.
- This urgent request is a notice to change the output upper limit value from 50% to 100% at 13:30.
- the overall control apparatus 10 starts to increase the connection point power PLW from 13:15 in response to the emergency request, and the connection point power PLW is increased to 100% by 13:30, which is the change notice time. Raise.
- a line 26 in FIG. 3 corresponds to a case where the interconnection point power PLW is increased at the fastest allowable limit. In the case of the line 26, the connection point power PLW increases at a constant speed (a speed equal to the allowable limit) from 50% at 13:15 to 100% at 13:19:10.
- a line 27 in FIG. 3 corresponds to the case where the connection point power PLW is increased most slowly within a range satisfying the emergency request. In the case of the line 27, the interconnection point power PLW increases at a constant speed from 50% at 13:15 to 100% at 13:30.
- the overall control device 10 may be configured so that the line that changes the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time is in a range (allowable range) between the line 26 and the line 27. Thereby, it is possible to contribute to the stability of the electric power system 7 because it is possible to suppress the sudden change of the connection point power PLW while responding to the emergency request.
- connection point power PLW When the connection point power PLW is increased along the line 26, the amount of power transmitted to the power system 7, that is, the amount of power sold is larger than when the connection point power PLW is increased along the line 27. it can. Therefore, when the overall control device 10 increases the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request, it is desirable that the change speed of the connection point power PLW be as fast as possible within the allowable range. That is, when receiving an emergency request at 13:15, the overall control device 10 preferably calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time along the line 26 or a line close thereto.
- FIG. 4 is a graph for explaining a method in which the overall control device 10 calculates the target value of the connection point power PLW for each time in the first embodiment.
- the interconnection point power PLW is changed along line 28 from P1 at time T1 to P2 at time T2.
- the overall control device 10 determines a line for changing the target value P of the connection point power PLW as described with reference to FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a process in which the overall control device 10 sets the target value P of the connection point power PLW in response to the emergency request in the first embodiment.
- step S1 of FIG. 5 it is determined whether the receiving unit 11 of the overall control apparatus 10 has received an emergency request. If an emergency request is received, the process proceeds to step S2.
- step S2 the calculation unit 12 of the overall control apparatus 10 outputs P1 that is the output (or the current connection point power PLW) corresponding to the output upper limit value before the change due to the emergency request, and the output upper limit after the change due to the emergency request.
- the output P2 corresponding to the value is compared.
- P1> P2 the process proceeds from step S2 to step S3. If P1 ⁇ P2, the process proceeds from step S2 to step S4.
- step S3 it corresponds to a case where the connection point power PLW is lowered in response to an emergency request.
- the calculation unit 12 of the overall control device 10 is a line for reducing the target value P of the connection point power PLW as in the case of an emergency request at 11:15 or 11:45 in FIG. To decide.
- step S4 it corresponds to a case where the connection point power PLW is increased in response to an emergency request.
- the calculation unit 12 of the overall control apparatus 10 increases the target value P of the connection point power PLW as in the case of an emergency request at 12:15 or 13:15 in FIG. To decide. For the reason described above, in this case, it is desirable to determine a line for increasing the target value P of the connection point power PLW so that the changing speed of the connection point power PLW is as fast as possible within the allowable range.
- the overall control device 10 desirably increases the speed at which the connection point power PLW is increased in response to the emergency request, compared to the speed at which the connection point power PLW is decreased in response to the emergency request. . That is, the overall control device 10 increases the absolute value of the speed at which the connection point power PLW is increased in response to the emergency request, as compared with the absolute value of the speed at which the connection point power PLW is decreased in response to the emergency request. Is desirable. Thereby, the electric power amount transmitted to the electric power grid
- FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing processing in which the overall control apparatus 10 controls each power conditioning system 3 in the first embodiment.
- the arithmetic unit 12 of the overall control device 10 calculates a target value P of the connection point power PLW at the current time. That is, the calculation unit 12 connects the current time based on the line that changes the target value P of the connection point power PLW determined in step S3 or step S4 in FIG. 5 and the above equation (1).
- a target value P of the point power PLW is calculated.
- the overall control apparatus 10 proceeds from step S10 to step S11.
- step S ⁇ b> 11 the calculation unit 12 calculates a deviation ⁇ P between the target value P of the connection point power PLW at the current time and the actual connection point power PLW measured by the wattmeter 6.
- step S ⁇ b> 12 the computing unit 12 calculates the target output of each power conditioning system 3 by allocating the deviation ⁇ P calculated in step S ⁇ b> 11 to each power conditioning system 3. For example, assuming that the current output power of each power conditioning system 3 is p and the number of power conditioning systems 3 is n, (p + ⁇ P / n) is calculated as the target output of each power conditioning system 3.
- step S13 the calculation unit 12 corrects the target output of the power conditioning system 3 calculated in step S12 as follows.
- the output of each power conditioning system 3 may differ according to the solar radiation state with respect to each solar power generation device 2 or the like. For example, when the solar power generation device 2 at a certain location enters the shadow of a flowing cloud, the output of the corresponding power conditioning system 3 decreases. For the same reason, the maximum output pmax that each power conditioning system 3 can output at that time may differ depending on the solar radiation state of each solar power generation device 2 or the like.
- the calculation unit 12 corrects the value equal to the maximum output pmax to be the target output.
- the minimum output pmin of each power conditioning system 3 is usually zero.
- the target output (p + ⁇ P / n) calculated in step S11 may be less than the minimum output pmin.
- the calculation unit 12 corrects the value equal to the minimum output pmin to be the target output.
- step S ⁇ b> 14 the transmission unit 13 instructs each power conditioning system 3 for the target output of each power conditioning system 3 calculated through steps S ⁇ b> 12 and S ⁇ b> 13.
- the overall control device 10 repeatedly executes the processing of the flowchart of FIG. 6 periodically (for example, every second). Thereby, the connection point power PLW can be changed along the line of the target value P.
- the overall control device 10 compensates for the shortage of the output of some power conditioning systems 3 with the output of the other power conditioning system 3 having power.
- the target output of each power conditioning system 3 can be calculated. For this reason, even if some of the solar power generation devices 2 fall behind the clouds and the output of some of the power conditioning systems 3 falls short, other power conditioning systems 3 that have power reserves. By increasing the output of, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the interconnection point power PLW.
- FIG. 7 shows a state in which in the control system 1 for the photovoltaic power plant according to the first embodiment, the shortage of the output of some power conditioning systems 3 is compensated by the output of another power conditioning system 3 having a surplus capacity.
- FIG. 7 the number of power conditioning systems 3 is four and the output upper limit value is 90% in order to simplify the description.
- the output is reduced to 80% of the rating because the corresponding solar power generation device 2 is behind the clouds.
- the output is reduced to 80% of the rating due to the deterioration of the corresponding solar power generation device 2.
- the overall control device 10 sets the outputs of the first and third power conditioning systems 3 from the right in FIG.
- the power PLW can be matched with the output upper limit value (90%). In this way, by supplementing the shortage of the output of some power conditioning systems 3 with the output of another power conditioning system 3 having surplus power, the amount of power transmitted to the power system 7, that is, the amount of power sold can be increased.
- FIG. 8 shows the electric power when the shortage of the output of some of the power conditioning systems 3 is compensated by the output of the other power conditioning systems 3 having surplus power in the control system 1 of the solar power plant of the first embodiment. It is a figure which shows the example of a change of.
- the lower graph in FIG. 8 shows changes in the output of each power conditioning system 3.
- the output decrease 30 in FIG. 8 is due to the solar power generation device 2 entering the shade of a cloud. As the plurality of photovoltaic power generation devices 2 enter the shade of the clouds one after another, the output of the plurality of power conditioning systems 3 decreases one after another.
- the overall control device 10 increases the output of the other power conditioning system 3 having the surplus power, as indicated by the output increase 31 in FIG.
- the upper graph in FIG. 8 shows changes in the interconnection power PLW.
- PLW1 in FIG. 8 indicates a change in the connection point power PLW when the above-described control by the overall control device 10 is performed. That is, PLW1 corresponds to the sum of the outputs of each power conditioning system 3 in the lower part of FIG. PLW2 in FIG. 8 indicates a change in the connection point power PLW when the above-described control by the overall control device 10 is not performed.
- the PLW1 has a lower output reduction than the PLW2.
- the overall control device 10 performs control so that the shortage of the output of some of the power conditioning systems 3 is compensated by the output of the other power conditioning systems 3 having surplus power.
- the decrease can be reliably suppressed, and the amount of power transmitted to the power system 7, that is, the amount of sold power can be increased.
- FIG. 9 is a time chart for explaining a method in which the overall control device 10 calculates the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time in the second embodiment.
- the contents of the emergency request shown in FIG. 9 are the same as those in FIG.
- an emergency request is received at 11:15.
- This urgent request is for notifying that the output upper limit will be changed from 100% to 50% at 11:30.
- the overall control device 10 decreases the connection point power PLW in response to the emergency request, the overall control device 10 does not immediately start to decrease the connection point power PLW, but the time when the emergency request is received. Control is performed so that the interconnection point power PLW starts to decrease at a later time.
- the delay time DT in FIG. 9 is the time from the time when the emergency request is received to the time when the interconnection point power PLW starts to decrease.
- the delay time DT is a line that can make the delay time DT the longest within a range that satisfies the emergency request received at 11:15.
- the rate of decrease of the interconnection point power PLW of the line 32 corresponds to the fastest allowable limit.
- the connection point power PLW decreases from 100% at 11:25:50 to 50% at 11:30 at a constant speed (speed equal to the allowable limit).
- the delay time DT is 10 minutes 50 seconds.
- the overall control device 10 provides a delay time DT along the line 32 or a line close thereto when reducing the interconnection point power PLW in response to an emergency request at 11:15. It is desirable to calculate the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time. In this case, in order to provide a margin, the delay time DT may be shorter than the above time.
- a line 33 is a line that can make the delay time DT the longest within a range that satisfies the emergency request received at 11:45.
- the rate of decrease of the interconnection point power PLW of the line 33 corresponds to the fastest allowable limit.
- the connection point power PLW decreases at a constant speed (speed equal to the allowable limit) from 50% at 11:55:50 to 0% at 12:00.
- the delay time DT is 10 minutes and 50 seconds.
- the overall control device 10 provides a delay time DT along the line 33 or a line close thereto when reducing the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request at 11:45. It is desirable to calculate the target value of the interconnection point power PLW for each time. In this case, in order to provide a margin, the delay time DT may be shorter than the above time.
- an emergency request is received at 12:15 and 13:15. These urgent requests are forewarning to raise the output upper limit.
- the overall control device 10 immediately starts increasing the connection point power PLW when increasing the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request.
- the control for increasing the interconnection point power PLW in response to an urgent request is the same as in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted.
- the overall control apparatus 10 receives the emergency request from the time when the emergency request is received until it starts to decrease the interconnection point power PLW according to the emergency request. It is made longer than the time from when the connection point power PLW starts to rise in response to the emergency request. That is, the overall control device 10 provides a delay time DT before starting to decrease the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request, and delays before starting to increase the connection point power PLW in response to an emergency request. DT is not provided. By doing in this way, the electric energy transmitted to the electric power grid
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Abstract
Description
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1の太陽光発電所の制御システムを示す構成図である。図1に示すように、本実施の形態1の太陽光発電所の制御システム1は、複数のパワーコンディショニングシステム3と、これらのパワーコンディショニングシステム3を統括する統括制御装置10とを備える。各々のパワーコンディショニングシステム3は、太陽光発電所に備えられた複数の太陽光発電装置2の各々に対して設けられている。図1では、3組の太陽光発電装置2及びパワーコンディショニングシステム3のみが描かれているが、より多数の太陽光発電装置2及びパワーコンディショニングシステム3が備えられても良い。
P=(P2-P1)/(T2-T1)×T+(P1×T2-P2×T1)/(T2-T1) ・・・(1)
次に、図9を参照して、本発明の実施の形態2について説明するが、上述した実施の形態1との相違点を中心に説明し、同一部分または相当部分は同一符号を付し説明を省略する。図9は、本実施の形態2において統括制御装置10が時刻毎の連系点電力PLWの目標値を演算する方法を説明するためのタイムチャートである。図9に示す緊急要請の内容は、図3と同様である。
2 太陽光発電装置
3 パワーコンディショニングシステム
4 連系トランス
5 主変圧器
6 電力計
7 電力系統
10 統括制御装置
11 受信部
12 演算部
13 送信部
20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,32,33 線
30 出力低下
31 出力上昇
121 記憶部
122 CPU
Claims (4)
- 太陽光発電装置が発電した電力を電力系統に送電する系統連系制御を行う複数のパワーコンディショニングシステムと、
前記電力系統へ出力する電力である連系点電力が出力上限値以下になるように各々の前記パワーコンディショニングシステムに対して目標出力を指令する統括制御装置と、
を備え、
前記統括制御装置は、
前記出力上限値を変更する時刻及び変更後の出力上限値に関する情報を含む緊急要請を受ける受信部と、
前記緊急要請で予告された時刻までに前記連系点電力が前記変更後の出力上限値に適合し、且つ前記連系点電力の変化速度が許容限度を超えないように、時刻毎の前記連系点電力の目標値を演算し、当該目標値に基づいて各々の前記パワーコンディショニングシステムの時刻毎の目標出力を演算する演算部と、
を備える太陽光発電所の制御システム。 - 前記統括制御装置は、前記緊急要請に応じて前記連系点電力を上昇させる速度を、前記緊急要請に応じて前記連系点電力を低下させる速度に比べて速くする請求項1に記載の太陽光発電所の制御システム。
- 前記統括制御装置は、前記緊急要請を受けた時刻から当該緊急要請に応じて前記連系点電力を低下させ始めるまでの時間を、前記緊急要請を受けた時刻から当該緊急要請に応じて前記連系点電力を上昇させ始めるまでの時間に比べて長くする請求項1に記載の太陽光発電所の制御システム。
- 前記統括制御装置は、一部の前記パワーコンディショニングシステムの出力の不足分を、他の前記パワーコンディショニングシステムの出力で補うように、各々の前記パワーコンディショニングシステムの目標出力を演算する請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の太陽光発電所の制御システム。
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CN201480083549.XA CN107005056B (zh) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | 光伏发电站的控制系统 |
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