WO2016074553A1 - 一种农用复合拉伸膜 - Google Patents

一种农用复合拉伸膜 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016074553A1
WO2016074553A1 PCT/CN2015/092143 CN2015092143W WO2016074553A1 WO 2016074553 A1 WO2016074553 A1 WO 2016074553A1 CN 2015092143 W CN2015092143 W CN 2015092143W WO 2016074553 A1 WO2016074553 A1 WO 2016074553A1
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Prior art keywords
film
stretched film
shed
composite
stretched
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PCT/CN2015/092143
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄斌
孙坤
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苏州莫立克新型材料有限公司
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Application filed by 苏州莫立克新型材料有限公司 filed Critical 苏州莫立克新型材料有限公司
Priority to US15/524,296 priority Critical patent/US20170348952A1/en
Priority to JP2017543867A priority patent/JP6473825B2/ja
Priority to EP15858644.6A priority patent/EP3219483A4/en
Publication of WO2016074553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016074553A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
    • B32B7/035—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features using arrangements of stretched films, e.g. of mono-axially stretched films arranged alternately
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/10—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets multiaxial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C69/00—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore
    • B29C69/02—Combinations of shaping techniques not provided for in a single one of main groups B29C39/00 - B29C67/00, e.g. associations of moulding and joining techniques; Apparatus therefore of moulding techniques only
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/10—Interconnection of layers at least one layer having inter-reactive properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
    • B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0081—Tear strength
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/42—Alternating layers, e.g. ABAB(C), AABBAABB(C)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B32B2307/516—Oriented mono-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/514—Oriented
    • B32B2307/52—Oriented multi-axially
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/582—Tearability
    • B32B2307/5825—Tear resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/716—Degradable
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
    • B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
    • B32B2307/7246—Water vapor barrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2410/00—Agriculture-related articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an agricultural composite stretch film, belonging to the technical field of polymer materials.
  • the plastic film has the advantages of light texture, low price, excellent performance, convenient use and transportation, and thus has become the largest covering material in the current facility agriculture in China.
  • the agricultural film currently used in China can be divided into three major categories: polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) film.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • PE polyethylene
  • EVA ethylene-vinyl acetate
  • the thickness of the single layer film is 0.1 to 0.2 mm; the thickness of the double layer air film is about 0.2 mm.
  • the high and low temperature mechanical properties of PVC film are not environmentally friendly and are being phased out; the transparency of PE film is comparable to that of EVA film, but the aging resistance and heat preservation are poor, and it is necessary to do anti-fog treatment many times; EVA film is transparent, Weather resistance, heat preservation, flexibility, and dripping are superior to PVC and PE film, but the anti-fog is unstable, the light transmission is fast, and the light transmittance is only 82%, and the barrier to infrared radiation. That is, the heat preservation is not good enough. Moreover, the above agricultural film currently has a problem that the tear resistance is not ideal, which affects the service life and increases the agricultural production cost.
  • the polyester film (mainly PET film) has good physical properties, chemical properties, durability, etc., it can greatly improve the greenhouse insulation performance, light transmission performance, dripping performance and service life, and can improve greenhouse light.
  • the warm environment can greatly reduce energy consumption, save energy and reduce environmental pollution.
  • the existing polyester film still has a problem of poor tear resistance, so that the use cost is relatively high, thereby limiting its popular application in agricultural facilities.
  • unidirectional or biaxially stretched films such as biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP), biaxially stretched polyester (BOPET), etc.
  • BOPP biaxially oriented polypropylene
  • BOPET biaxially stretched polyester
  • the present invention aims to provide an agricultural composite stretch film, which solves the problem of poor tear resistance of the existing agricultural film, and improves various films produced by the stretching process, such as The tear resistance of BOPE, BOPP, BOPET, etc., provides agricultural membranes with good tensile and tear resistance, long service life and low cost of use.
  • the invention relates to an agricultural composite stretch film which is formed by hot pressing composite of two layers of stretched film in the form of a main drawing direction.
  • the main drawing direction of the two-layer stretched film forms an angle of 30 to 150 degrees.
  • the main drawing direction of the two-layer stretched film forms an angle of 60 to 120 degrees.
  • the main drawing direction of the two-layer stretched film forms an angle of 90 degrees.
  • the stretched film is an asymmetric stretch film comprising a uniaxially stretched film and an asymmetric biaxially stretched film.
  • the asymmetrically stretched film is produced by a flat film process.
  • the ratio of the main drawing direction of the asymmetrically stretched film to the stretching ratio of the auxiliary drawing direction is (1.2:1) to (4:1).
  • the ratio of the stretching ratio of the main drawing direction to the auxiliary drawing direction of the asymmetrically stretched film is (1.4:1) to (3.5:1).
  • the stretched film of the present invention can be obtained by using various stretchable film raw materials suitable for agricultural use with high light transmittance and heat preservation property, for example, PE, PP, PO, EVA, polyester raw materials, and the like. It is better to use polyester raw materials, especially PET or modified PET raw materials.
  • a degradable modified PET material for example, US8530612B2, US8722847, CN200980135154.9, CN201210380279.1, US13/968938, US14/244936, CN201210370366.6, etc., or the degradable modified PET disclosed in the patent application
  • the asymmetric stretching described in the present invention means that the stretching ratio in one direction (longitudinal or transverse direction) is larger than the stretching ratio in the other direction in biaxial stretching.
  • the extreme case of asymmetric stretching is uniaxial stretching, ie stretching in only one of the directions and not stretching in the other direction.
  • the direction in which the stretching factor is large is the main drawing direction
  • the direction in which the stretching ratio is small is the auxiliary drawing direction
  • the stretching direction is the main drawing direction
  • the unstretched direction is the auxiliary direction. Pull the direction.
  • the flat film method described in the present invention refers to first extruding pellets by using an extruder, casting a thick film through a T-die, quenching, heating to a stretching temperature on a heating roller, and then performing synchronous or asynchronous heating. Stretch and finally finalize.
  • Synchronous stretching means that the longitudinal and transverse directions are simultaneously stretched.
  • the so-called asynchronous stretching means stretching first in one direction and then stretching in the other direction.
  • the present invention is not limited to a stretched film obtained by simultaneous stretching or asynchronous stretching, and the thickness of each stretched film is not limited, and can be designed according to a specific application.
  • the adhesive used in the hot press bonding or ultraviolet light bonding of the present invention is a conventional solvent-free adhesive or solvent-containing adhesive for film bonding, preferably a solvent-free two-component polyurethane adhesive.
  • the present invention has the following significant advancements:
  • the agricultural composite stretch film provided by the invention has a significantly improved transverse tensile strength and longitudinal tensile strength compared to a single layer of existing agricultural film of the same thickness (for example, EVA film, PE film, PO film), and lateral direction.
  • the tear strength and the longitudinal tear strength are also significantly improved, and the thinner thickness can be achieved to meet the agricultural performance requirements, thereby reducing the use cost; when the composite stretched film is prepared by using the polyester raw material, it also has high light transmittance. Moreover, the light transmittance changes little with time, which can shorten the growth cycle of crops or increase the yield of crops, improve the quality of crops, and have better heat preservation performance, mechanical properties, ultraviolet light barrier performance, dustproof performance and longer service life.
  • Advantages in particular, when prepared by using a degradable polyester raw material, it has the far-reaching significance of energy saving and environmental protection; in addition, the agricultural composite stretched film provided by the invention has a simple structure and is easy to realize large-scale production.
  • the PET stretch film samples used in the examples were prepared by a flat film method: a PET film was first formed on a multilayer extrusion apparatus (supplied by Nanjing Chuangbo Machinery Co., Ltd.) into a cast film having a thickness of about 140 to 560 mm. Then, the cast film was placed in a film tensile tester (provided by Bruckner), clamped with a jig, heated to 115 ° C, and stretched according to a set procedure (stretching multiple); The film is rapidly cooled and shaped in air.
  • the tensile properties were measured using a CH-9002A-20 multi-functional tensile tester (supplied by Suzhou Baotongtong Testing Equipment Co., Ltd.), and the sample was cut into a tensile test standard size "width 1.0 ⁇ 2.6cm, length 15 ⁇ 25cm", then set the clamp spacing to 100mm, clamp the two ends of the spline (pitch 100mm) with the test fixture, and start the test according to the set conditions and collect the data by automatic program control.
  • the tear property was measured in the examples using a CH-9002A-20 functional wire tear tester (supplied by Suzhou Baotongtong Testing Equipment Co., Ltd.): the sample film was cut into a gap of about 20 mm in the test tear direction. The test fixtures are clamped on both sides of the notch. Tearing begins and data is collected by automated program control.
  • a layer of PET stretched film for example: TS9002A or TS9002B or TS9002C glue produced by Yantai. After the solvent evaporates, cover another layer of PET stretch film and make the second
  • the main drawing direction of the layered PET stretched film (the direction of the stretching factor is high) is at an angle of 90 degrees with the main drawing direction of the first layer of the PET stretched film, so that the composite film passes through 60 to 85 ° C (specific hot rolling temperature)
  • the rollers of the glue used were hot rolled and then allowed to stand at room temperature until fully cured.
  • Table 1 shows the PET stretch thinning in which the ratio of the stretching ratio of the main drawing direction to the auxiliary drawing direction is different according to the method of the present embodiment. The tear properties of the composite film formed by the film are compared.
  • the tear strength of the PET composite stretched film obtained by the method of the present invention is significantly higher than that of the single-layer PET biaxially stretched film of the same thickness; although the thicker the sample, the greater the tear strength, but the thickness of 150 ⁇ m
  • the tear strength of the single-layer PET biaxially stretched film is still only 19.86 N/mm, and the 100 ⁇ m thick PET composite stretched film obtained by the present invention (the ratio of the stretch ratio of the main pull direction to the auxiliary pull direction is 2.7)
  • the tear strength can reach 337.27 Newtons/mm, and the tearing performance is significantly improved; and the higher the asymmetry, the greater the notch tear strength; when the ratio of the main drawing direction to the stretching direction of the auxiliary pulling direction is (1.4) :1) ⁇ (3.5:1), the notch tear strength can reach 240-340 Newtons/mm; but when the ratio of the stretching ratio of the main pulling direction to the auxiliary pulling direction is 4, even if the thickness is increased to 150 microns, tearing
  • the crack strength still shows
  • the main drawing direction (the direction in which the stretching ratio is high) is at an angle of 90 degrees to the main drawing direction of the first PET stretched film, so that the composite film passes through 60 to 85 ° C (the specific hot rolling temperature depends on the glue used)
  • the rollers were hot rolled and then allowed to stand at room temperature until fully cured.
  • Table 2 shows the comparison of the tearing properties of the composite film formed by the PET stretched film having different ratios of the stretching ratios of the main drawing direction and the auxiliary drawing direction according to the method of the present embodiment.
  • the tear strength of the PET composite stretched film obtained by the method of the present invention is significantly higher than that of the single-layer PET biaxially stretched film of the same thickness; although the thicker the sample, the greater the tear strength, but the thickness of 150 ⁇ m
  • the tear strength of the single-layer PET biaxially stretched film is still only 19.86 N/mm, and the 100 ⁇ m thick PET composite stretch film obtained by the present invention (the ratio of the stretch ratio of the main pull direction to the auxiliary pull direction is 3.5)
  • the tear strength can reach 609.79 N/mm, and the tearing performance is significantly improved; and the higher the asymmetry, the greater the notch tear strength; when the ratio of the main drawing direction to the stretching ratio of the auxiliary pulling direction is (2) :1) ⁇ (3.5:1), the notch tear strength can reach 340-610 N/mm; but when the ratio of the stretching ratio of the main pulling direction to the auxiliary pulling direction is 4, even if the thickness is increased to 150 ⁇ m, tearing The crack strength still shows a downward trend.
  • Example 2 the asymmetric biaxial PET stretched film obtained by the simultaneous stretching and the asymmetric biaxial PET stretched film obtained by the asynchronous stretching were respectively combined to compare the tear property difference.
  • the existing agricultural EVA single layer film, the PE single layer film, the PO single layer film having a thickness of 100 micrometers and the composite film formed by the PET film having a total thickness of 3 and a thickness of 50 micrometers are used in the present invention ( The total thickness is also 100 microns) Comparative experiments were carried out on the maximum tensile force, tensile strength and elongation at break for transverse stretching and longitudinal stretching. The detailed test results are shown in Table 4.
  • the agricultural composite stretch film provided by the present invention has a single layer of existing agricultural film (such as: EVA film, PE film, PO film) of the same thickness, transverse tensile properties and longitudinal tensile properties. Both have been significantly improved.
  • the two-layer main pull multiple is 3 and the thickness is both
  • the composite film formed by the 50 micron PET film was subjected to a comparative experiment of transverse tearing, longitudinal tearing tearing strength and tearing strength, and the detailed test results are shown in Table 5.
  • the agricultural composite stretch film provided by the present invention has a single layer of existing agricultural film (such as: EVA film, PE film, PO film) and the existing biaxially stretched PET single layer film of the same thickness. Transverse tear resistance and longitudinal tear resistance Both can be significantly improved.
  • Test sample a 100 ⁇ m thick PET composite stretched film obtained in Example 2 (the ratio of the stretching ratio of the main drawing direction to the auxiliary drawing direction was 3.5);
  • the transmittance of the above test sample and the comparative sample in the visible light range of 380 to 760 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer (measuring wavelength range of 190 to 3200 nm, model uv-3150, Shimadzu Corporation, Japan) and used for 3 months. After the light transmittance after washing with water, the test results are shown in Table 6.
  • a temperature and humidity recorder is placed in each shed to collect temperature data in the shed, using statistical methods (using US SAS JMP 10 analysis software), for different weather (divided into sunny days) , cloudy, cloudy, rain and snow four weather), different time periods (according to the characteristics of long days and nights in winter days, 24 hours a day will be divided into 4 time periods: time I is from 17:00 to midnight; time is II at midnight The collection of the shed temperature from 7:00 am to 11:00 am; the time period III is from 7:00 am to 11:00 pm; the period IV is from 11:00 to 17:00 pm to evaluate and compare the PET composite stretch film provided by the present invention. The difference in thermal insulation properties between existing single-layer EVA films.
  • the experimental shed using the PET composite stretch film provided by the present invention has a temperature higher than that of the reference shed using the existing single-layer EVA film in 24 hours a day, especially in the morning.
  • the average height is 4 degrees; in the afternoon period of about 4 to 5 hours, the temperature in the reference shed using the existing single-layer EVA film is over 3 to 4 degrees, up to a dozen. Degree, causing overheating, need to shed the heat, but the experimental shed does not have such a large temperature rise, this phenomenon is more obvious on sunny days, not in rainy and snowy days; but at any time during rain and snow, the temperature inside the experimental shed Both are higher than the temperature in the reference shed using the existing single-layer EVA film.
  • the PET composite stretched film provided by the invention has better thermal insulation performance than the single-layer EVA film, and is very suitable for use as an agricultural film.
  • a temperature and humidity recorder is placed in each shed to collect humidity data in the shed, using statistical methods (using US SAS JMP 10 analysis software), for different weather (divided into sunny days) The humidity in the shed under cloudy weather, cloudy fog, rain and snow was collected and analyzed to evaluate the difference in humidity regulation performance between the PET composite stretch film provided by the present invention and the existing single-layer EVA film.
  • the experimental results show that in sunny and cloudy weather, the humidity of the experimental shed is significantly lower than the humidity of the reference shed, but in the weather of yin, fog, rain and snow, the humidity of the experimental shed and the reference shed are not much different; further explanation
  • the PET composite stretch film provided by the invention has better humidity adjustment performance than the existing single-layer EVA film, and is very suitable for use as an agricultural film.

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Abstract

一种农用复合拉伸膜，所述复合拉伸膜是由两层拉伸薄膜按主拉方向相交叉形式通过粘胶热压复合或紫外光固化复合形成。复合拉伸膜较相同厚度的单层现有农用膜，不仅横向拉伸强度和纵向拉伸强度均得到显著提高，且横向撕裂强度和纵向撕裂强度也得到显著提高，可实现较薄厚度就能满足农用性要求，以降低使用成本；尤其是，还具有高透光率且透光率变化小，具有更好的保温性能和湿度调节性能等优点。

Description

一种农用复合拉伸膜 技术领域
本发明涉及一种农用复合拉伸膜，属于高分子材料技术领域。
背景技术
塑料膜具有质地轻、价格较低、性能优良、使用和运输方便等优点，因而成为我国目前设施农业中使用面积最大的覆盖材料。我国目前使用的农用膜按其母料可分为聚氯乙烯(PVC)、聚乙烯(PE)，乙烯-醋酸乙烯(EVA)膜三大类。一般单层膜厚度为0.1～0.2mm；双层充气膜厚度为0.2mm左右。PVC膜高低温力学性能差，不环保，正在被逐渐淘汰；PE膜透光性和EVA膜相当，但耐老化性，保温性差，需要多次做抗雾滴处理；EVA膜在透光性、耐候性、保温性、柔韧性、流滴性都优于PVC和PE棚膜，但抗雾滴性不稳定，透光性衰减快，且透光率仅达82％，对红外辐射的阻隔性即保温性也不够好。且上述农用膜目前均存在抗撕裂性能不理想的问题，影响了使用寿命和增加了农业生产成本。
虽然研究分析表明：聚酯膜(主要为PET膜)具有良好的物理性能、化学性能、耐久性能等，可以大幅度提高温室保温性能、透光性能、无滴性能和使用年限，可改善温室光温环境，可大幅度降低能耗、节约能源、减少环境污染。但现有聚酯膜仍然存在抗撕裂性能不好的问题，以致使用成本相对较高，从而限制了其在农业设施中的普及应用。
另外，单向或双向拉伸膜，如双向拉伸聚丙烯(BOPP)，双向拉伸聚酯(BOPET)等，虽然由于其高分子主链在拉伸时高度有序排列，具有高透光性特征，被广泛应用于包装行业中，但由于其撕裂性能差，无法应用于设施农业中，特别是大棚农膜的应用中。
随着我国设施园艺产业和透光覆盖材料的不断发展，现在迫切需要研制一种能广泛应用于连栋温室、单栋温室、日光温室等具有高保温、高透光、防尘防雾滴、使用寿命长久、抗拉抗撕裂性能好的多功能农用膜，并且要求生产成本低、节能和能够回收再利用，为现代化农业提供新型、实用、安全、环保的生产资料。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述缺陷和市场需求，本发明旨在提供一种农用复合拉伸膜，解决现有农用膜的抗撕裂性能不佳的问题，提高拉伸工艺制作的各种薄膜如BOPE、BOPP、BOPET等的抗撕裂性能，为农业设施提供抗拉抗撕裂性能好、使用寿命长及使用成本低的农用膜。
为实现上述发明目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种农用复合拉伸膜，是由两层拉伸薄膜按主拉方向相交叉形式通过粘胶热压复合形成。
作为优选方案，两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成30～150度夹角。
作为进一步优选方案，两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成60～120度夹角。
作为更进一步优选方案，两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成90度夹角。
作为优选方案，所述的拉伸薄膜为不对称拉伸薄膜，包括单向拉伸薄膜和不对称双向拉伸薄膜。
作为进一步优选方案，所述的不对称拉伸薄膜采用平膜法生产。
作为进一步优选方案，不对称拉伸薄膜的主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为(1.2:1)～(4:1)。
作为更进一步优选方案，不对称拉伸薄膜的主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为(1.4:1)～(3.5:1)。
本发明所述的拉伸薄膜可采用现有的具有高透光性和保温性的各种适于农用的拉伸膜原料制得，例如：PE、PP、PO、EVA、聚酯原料等，以选用聚酯原料较好，尤其以选用PET或改性PET原料较好。当采用可降解改性PET原料(如：US8530612B2、US8722847、CN200980135154.9、CN201210380279.1、US13/968938、US14/244936、CN201210370366.6等专利或专利申请中所公开的可降解改性PET)时，还将具有节能环保的深远意义。
本发明中所述的不对称拉伸是指在双向拉伸时，某一方向(纵向或横向)的拉伸倍数比另一方向的拉伸倍数大。不对称拉伸的极端情况就是单向拉伸，即：只在其中的一个方向上拉伸、而另一个方向上完全不拉伸。在不对称拉伸中，拉伸倍数大的方向为主拉方向，拉伸倍数小的方向为辅拉方向；在单向拉伸中，拉伸方向为主拉方向，未拉伸方向为辅拉方向。
本发明中所述的平膜法是指先使用挤出机挤出粒料，经T型口模流延出厚膜，骤冷后在加热辊筒上加热到拉伸温度，然后进行同步或异步拉伸，最后进行定型。所谓同步拉伸是指纵、横两个方向是同时进行拉伸的，所谓异步拉伸是指先在一个方向拉伸，然后再在另一个方向上进行拉伸。本发明不限定是同步拉伸还是异步拉伸所得的拉伸薄膜，每层拉伸薄膜的厚度也不限定，可根据具体应用进行设计。
本发明进行热压复合或紫外光复合所用的粘胶为现有的用于薄膜粘合的不含溶剂的胶粘剂或含有溶剂的胶水，优选为不含溶剂的双组份聚氨酯胶粘剂。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下显著性进步：
本发明所提供的农用复合拉伸膜较相同厚度的单层现有农用膜(如：EVA膜、PE膜、PO膜)，不仅横向拉伸强度和纵向拉伸强度均得到显著提高，且横向撕裂强度和纵向撕裂强度也得到显著提高，可实现较薄厚度就能满足农用性能要求，以降低使用成本；当所述复合拉伸膜采用聚酯原料制备时，还具有高透光率且透光率随时间变化小，可缩短农作物的生长周期或增加亩产量，提高农作物的品质，具有更好的保温性能、力学性能、紫外光阻隔性能、防尘性能和更长的使用寿命等优点；尤其是，当采用可降解聚酯原料制备时，还具有节能环保的深远意义；另外，本发明所提供的农用复合拉伸膜结构简单，易于实现规模化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明技术方案做进一步详细、完整地说明。
实施例中所用的PET拉伸薄膜样品采用平膜法制备：先将PET树脂在多层挤出设备(由南京创博机械设备有限公司提供)上制成厚度约140～560mm的流延膜片；然后将流延膜片置于薄膜拉伸试验机(由布鲁克纳公司提供)，用夹具夹好，升温至115℃，按设定的程序(拉伸倍数)进行拉伸；拉好的PET薄膜在空气中迅速冷却定型。
实施例中关于拉伸性能的测定是使用CH-9002A-20多功能拉伸试验仪(由苏州宝昀通检测设备有限公司提供)，将样品裁切成拉伸测试标样尺寸“宽1.0～2.6cm，长15～25cm”，然后设定夹具间距为100mm，用测试夹具分别夹住样条两头(间距为100mm)，由自动程序控制开始按照设定条件拉伸测试并收集数据。
实施例中关于撕裂性能的测定是使用CH-9002A-20功能拉丝撕裂测试仪(由苏州宝昀通检测设备有限公司提供)：将样品薄膜沿测试撕裂方向剪开约20mm缺口，用测试夹具分别夹住缺口两边。由自动程序控制开始撕裂并收集数据。
实施例1
在一层PET拉伸薄膜的一面上均匀涂抹胶水(例如：研泰公司生产的TS9002A或TS9002B或TS9002C胶水)，待溶剂挥发后，将另一层PET拉伸薄膜覆盖其上，并使第二层PET拉伸薄膜的主拉方向(拉伸倍数高的方向)与第一层PET拉伸薄膜的主拉方向成90度夹角，使复合膜通过60～85℃(具体的热轧温度视使用的胶水而定)的滚筒进行热轧，然后在室温下放置至完全固化。
表1所示是按本实施例方法由主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比不同的PET拉伸薄 膜所形成的复合膜的撕裂性能比较。
表1
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000001
由表1可见：采用本发明方法获得的PET复合拉伸膜的撕裂强度均较相同厚度的单层PET双向拉伸膜显著提高；虽然样品越厚，撕裂强度越大，但150微米厚度的单层PET双向拉伸膜的撕裂强度仍然只有19.86牛顿/毫米，而本发明获得的100微米厚度的PET复合拉伸膜(主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为2.7时)的撕裂强度可达337.27牛顿/毫米，撕裂性能得到了显著提高；且不对称度越高，缺口撕裂强度越大；当主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为(1.4:1)～(3.5:1)时，缺口撕裂强度可达240～340牛顿/毫米；但当主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为4时，即使厚度增加到150微米，撕裂强度仍然呈现下降趋势。
实施例2
在一层PET拉伸薄膜的一面上均匀涂抹胶粘剂(例如：汉高公司生产的6062A或7725B胶)，然后将另一层PET拉伸薄膜覆盖其上，并使第二层PET拉伸薄膜的主拉方向(拉伸倍数高的方向)与第一层PET拉伸薄膜的主拉方向成90度夹角，使复合膜通过60～85℃(具体的热轧温度视使用的胶水而定)的滚筒进行热轧，然后在室温下放置至完全固化。
表2所示是按本实施例方法由主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比不同的PET拉伸薄膜所形成的复合膜的撕裂性能比较。
表2
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000003
由表2可见：采用本发明方法获得的PET复合拉伸膜的撕裂强度均较相同厚度的单层PET双向拉伸膜显著提高；虽然样品越厚，撕裂强度越大，但150微米厚度的单层PET双向拉伸膜的撕裂强度仍然只有19.86牛顿/毫米，而本发明获得的100微米厚度的PET复合拉伸膜(主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为3.5时)的撕裂强度可达609.79牛顿/毫米，撕裂性能得到了显著提高；且不对称度越高，缺口撕裂强度越大；当主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为(2:1)～(3.5:1)时，缺口撕裂强度可达340～610牛顿/毫米；但当主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为4时，即使厚度增加到150微米，撕裂强度仍然呈现下降趋势。
对比表1和表2发现：热压复合使用含有溶剂的胶水，可能会因为含有的溶剂造成拉伸薄膜中分子取向排列松弛，导致撕裂强度相应降低。
实施例3
参照实施例2分别对同步拉伸得到的不对称双向PET拉伸膜和异步拉伸得到的不对称双向PET拉伸膜进行复合后比较撕裂性能差异。
实验结果见表3所示。
表3
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000004
由表3结果可见：同步拉伸复合膜的缺口撕裂强度稍大于异步拉伸复合膜的缺口撕裂强度，但提高幅度不是很显著。
实施例4：拉伸性能比较
对厚度均为100微米的现有农用EVA单层膜、PE单层膜、PO单层膜与本发明采用两层主拉倍数均为3、厚度均为50微米的PET膜形成的复合膜(总厚度也为100微米)分别 进行横向拉伸、纵向拉伸的最大拉力、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率的比较实验，详细测试结果见表4所示。
表4拉伸性能比较数据
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000005
由表4结果可见：本发明所提供的农用复合拉伸膜较相同厚度的单层现有农用膜(如：EVA膜、PE膜、PO膜)，横向抗拉伸性能和纵向抗拉伸性能均得到显著提高。
实施例5：撕裂性能比较
对厚度均为100微米的现有农用EVA单层膜、PE单层膜、PO单层膜、现有的双向拉伸PET单层膜与本发明采用两层主拉倍数均为3、厚度均为50微米的PET膜形成的复合膜(总厚度也为100微米)分别进行横向撕裂、纵向撕裂的撕裂力和撕裂强度的比较实验，详细测试结果见表5所示。
表5撕裂性能比较数据
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000006
由表5结果可见：本发明所提供的农用复合拉伸膜较相同厚度的单层现有农用膜(如：EVA膜、PE膜、PO膜)及现有的双向拉伸PET单层膜，横向抗撕裂性能和纵向抗撕裂性 能均得到显著提高。
实施例6：透光性比较
试验样：由实施例2获得的100微米厚度的PET复合拉伸膜(主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为3.5)；
对比样：现有的90微米厚度的单层EVA大棚膜；
使用分光光度计(测量波长范围为190～3200nm，型号为uv-3150，岛津制作所，日本)测量上述试验样和对比样在380～760nm的可见光范围内的透光率及使用3个月后、用水清洗后的透光率，测试结果见表6所示。
表6
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000007
由表6结果可见：即使本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜的厚度大于现有的单层EVA膜，但仍然具有较高的透光性，且在使用中吸附的灰尘相对较少，因为使用中(3个月以内)导致透光率下降的主要原因是所吸附的灰尘。
实施例7：保温性能比较
通过建立实验棚(使用本发明实施例2获得的100微米厚度的PET复合拉伸膜，主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为3.5)和参比棚(使用现有的90微米厚度的单层EVA膜)，在每个棚内放置一台温湿记录仪以采集棚内的温度数据，用统计学的方法(使用美国SAS JMP 10分析软件)，对不同天气(分为晴天、多云、阴雾、雨雪四种天气)、不同时段(根据冬季日短夜长的特点，将每天24小时分为4个时段：时段I为下午17点到午夜零点；时段II为午夜零点到次日早晨7点；时段III为早晨7点到中午11点；时段IV为中午11点到下午17点)的棚内温度进行采集分析，以评估比较本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜与现有的单层EVA膜之间的保温性能的差异。
以下为晴天天气下各时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000008
由上述结果可见：在晴天的第I,II,III时段，实验棚内温度均高于参比棚，而在第IV时段，实验棚内温度低于参比棚。
以下为多云天气下各时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000009
由上述结果可见：在多云天气的第I,II,III时段，实验棚内温度也均高于参比棚，而在第IV时段，实验棚内温度低于参比棚。
以下为阴雾天气下各时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000010
由上述结果可见：在阴雾天气的第I,II,III时段，实验棚内温度也均高于参比棚，而在第IV时段，实验棚内温度低于参比棚。
以下为雨雪天气下各时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000011
由上述结果可见：在雨雪天气的四个时段，实验棚内温度均高于参比棚。
以下为不同天气下的早晨时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000012
由上述结果可见：在早晨时段，无论天气如何，实验棚内温度均比参比棚内温度高2～4度，晴天平均高3.8度。
以下为不同天气下的下午时段实验棚与参比棚的温差单因子比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000013
由上述结果可见：在下午时段，除雨雪天气外，在其它天气下实验棚内温度均低于参 比棚内温度，晴天最为明显；而在雨雪天气，实验棚内温度高于参比棚。
以下为晴天下午时段棚内温度比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000014
由上述结果可见：在晴天下午时段，实验棚内温度平均低于参比棚内温度约3.7度，但因此时平均温度在20℃上下，并不影响实验棚内的植物生长，反而可能会减少掀棚散热的次数。
综上实验结果可见：使用本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜的实验棚在一天24小时中除下午外，其温度均高于使用现有单层EVA膜的参比棚，尤其是上午比较明显，平均高4度；而在下午大约4～5小时的时间段中，使用现有单层EVA膜的参比棚内的温度反超实验棚内温度平均约3～4度，最高可达十几度，造成过热现象，需要掀棚散热，而实验棚则没有这样的大幅升温，这种现象在晴天比较明显，在雨雪天则不存在；但在雨雪天的任何时间，实验棚内温度都高于使用现有单层EVA膜的参比棚内的温度。进一步说明本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜的保温性能优于单层EVA膜，非常适合作为农膜使用。
实施例8：湿度调节性能比较
通过建立实验棚(使用本发明实施例2获得的100微米厚度的PET复合拉伸膜，主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为3.5)和参比棚(使用现有的90微米厚度的单层EVA膜)，在每个棚内放置一台温湿记录仪以采集棚内的湿度数据，用统计学的方法(使用美国SAS JMP 10分析软件)，对不同天气(分为晴天、多云、阴雾、雨雪四种天气)下的棚内湿度进行采集分析，以评估比较本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜与现有的单层EVA膜之间的湿度调节性能的差异。
以下为雨雪天气下实验棚与参比棚的湿度比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000015
由上述结果可见：在雨雪天气，实验棚与参比棚的湿度差别不大。
以下为阴雾天气下实验棚与参比棚的湿度比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000016
由上述结果可见：在阴雾天气，实验棚与参比棚的湿度差别也不大。
以下为多云天气下实验棚与参比棚的湿度比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000017
由上述结果可见：在多云天气，实验棚比参比棚的湿度平均低6度。
以下为晴天天气下实验棚与参比棚的湿度比较分析结果：
Figure PCTCN2015092143-appb-000018
由上述结果可见：在晴天天气，实验棚比参比棚的湿度平均低8度。
综上实验结果可见：在晴天和多云天气，实验棚的湿度明显低于参比棚的湿度，但在阴、雾、雨、雪天气，实验棚与参比棚的湿度差别不大；进一步说明，本发明提供的PET复合拉伸膜的湿度调节性能优于现有的单层EVA膜，非常适合作为农膜使用。
最后需要在此说明的是：以上实施例只用于对本发明的技术方案作进一步详细地说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，本领域的技术人员根据本发明的上述内容作出的一些非本质的改进和调整均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：是由两层拉伸薄膜按主拉方向相交叉形式通过粘胶热压复合或紫外光固化复合形成。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成30～150度夹角。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成60～120度夹角。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：两层拉伸薄膜的主拉方向形成90度夹角。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：所述的拉伸薄膜为不对称拉伸薄膜，包括单向拉伸薄膜和不对称双向拉伸薄膜。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：不对称拉伸薄膜的主拉方向与辅拉方向的拉伸倍数之比为(1.2:1)～(4:1)。
  7. 如权利要求5所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：所述的不对称拉伸薄膜采用平膜法生产。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：所述的拉伸薄膜采用聚乙烯、聚丙烯或聚酯原料制得。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：所述的拉伸薄膜采用PET或改性PET原料制得。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的农用复合拉伸膜，其特征在于：所述的拉伸薄膜采用可降解改性PET原料制得。
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