WO2016074008A1 - Verfahren zum betreiben einer vorrichtung zur energieversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem inselbetrieb - Google Patents
Verfahren zum betreiben einer vorrichtung zur energieversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem inselbetrieb Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016074008A1 WO2016074008A1 PCT/AT2015/050278 AT2015050278W WO2016074008A1 WO 2016074008 A1 WO2016074008 A1 WO 2016074008A1 AT 2015050278 W AT2015050278 W AT 2015050278W WO 2016074008 A1 WO2016074008 A1 WO 2016074008A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- synchronous generator
- drive
- voltage
- load
- power
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/10—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by engine-driven generators, e.g. generators driven by combustion engines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/61—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles
- B60L50/62—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries by batteries charged by engine-driven generators, e.g. series hybrid electric vehicles charged by low-power generators primarily intended to support the batteries, e.g. range extenders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/10—Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/48—Arrangements for obtaining a constant output value at varying speed of the generator, e.g. on vehicle
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for operating a device for powering an electrical load in a stand-alone operation with a controllable via its exciter current synchronous generator and a drive for the synchronous generator, wherein the device is controlled in response to the energy requirements of the consumer, and to a device for supplying energy to an electrical load in an island operation.
- the drive is to be adapted in terms of its maximum power to the maximum consumer power, so that the consumer can not slow down the drive without limiting the load power.
- batteries and other synchronous generators are known, such as those used as alternators in motor vehicles.
- To adjust the generator voltage to the battery voltage of the excitation current must be controlled accordingly, in a wide speed range of the synchronous generator, which in turn adversely affects the efficiency.
- the invention is therefore based on the object to be able to operate a device for supplying energy to an electrical load in an island operation so that a high efficiency can be ensured, with a comparatively low control and regulatory effort.
- the invention solves the task by the fact that the speed of the synchronous generator is kept constant by controlling the excitation current and that the drive is driven in response to the voltage applied to the consumer electrical voltage.
- the generator acts as a brake, wherein the braking torque is proportional to the generator current, which results in dependence on the generator internal resistance due to the voltage difference between the generator idling voltage and the voltage applied to the load.
- An increase in the excitation current causes at constant speed an increase in the generator idling voltage and thus an increase in the generator current decisive voltage difference, which leads to a higher braking torque due to the larger generator current, so that the speed can be controlled by a corresponding control of the excitation current of the externally excited synchronous generator.
- the exciter current is only dependent on a setpoint value via the control device for the synchronous generator which is connected to a speed sensor.
- the drive for the synchronous generator can be designed as an internal combustion engine with a maximum power adapted to the maximum generator power. Different power requirements to the power source can thus be met in the extent of the performance of the drive, regardless of the load power, so even in case of overload.
- FIG. 1 shows a device according to the invention for the power supply of an electrical load in an isolated operation in a schematic block diagram
- FIG. 1 corresponding representation of an embodiment of a device according to the invention
- Fig. 4 shows the generator current over the speed for different characteristics of
- FIG. 5 shows the time course of a voltage applied to the battery terminals of a vehicle with an electric motor fed by a battery. tion for a given load course without and with a device according to the invention for power supply,
- FIG. 6 shows a temporal speed profile of a vehicle with an electric motor fed by a battery and a device according to the invention for supplying energy
- FIG. 7 shows the power requirement of the electric motor of a vehicle for the speed course according to FIG. 5 and the power provided via the synchronous generator, FIG.
- 1 1 shows the time course of the manipulated variable for the power control of the internal combustion engine to provide the required consumer power, for example by means of a throttle valve adjustment,
- Fig. 12 shows the speed curve at a speed control of the synchronous generator according to the invention for a power demand according to the Fig. 9 and
- FIG. 13 shows the time profile of the excitation current for a speed control according to FIG. 12.
- the device for powering an electrical load 1 in isolated operation has a separately excited synchronous generator 2, which is driven by a drive 3, preferably an internal combustion engine, for example a two-stroke engine.
- a drive 3 preferably an internal combustion engine, for example a two-stroke engine.
- an auxiliary exciter machine 4 is provided, which feeds the field winding 5 via a rectifier 6.
- the excitation current is controlled by a control device 7, which includes a PID controller 8, which is acted upon by a nominal-actual value difference of the rotational speed.
- an actual value generator 9 and a setpoint input 10 for the rotational speed are provided, which can thus be controlled via the exciting current as a manipulated variable to a constant value.
- the power requirement of the load 1 must be covered by the power of the drive 3 operated at an advantageous deployment speed, which requires a corresponding power control of the drive 3 via a control device 11.
- This control device 1 1 controls an actuator 12, for example, a throttle valve or an injection pump for the drive 3 forming internal combustion engine.
- the respective load voltage can be used, with which the control device 1 1 is acted upon to drive the actuator 12 in response to the power requirement of the consumer 1 can. It can therefore the benefits of a constant speed for the efficiency, the noise level and -
- Perception and the vibration behavior can be used advantageously, namely at simple control conditions.
- the embodiment according to FIG. 2 differs from that according to FIG. 1 essentially in that the load 1 is connected to a battery 13, which is charged by the synchronous generator 2 when required. Accordingly, a rectifier 14 is provided between the battery 13 and the synchronous generator 2, via which the excitation winding 5 can be fed.
- the exciter current which is controlled via the control device 7 as a function of the nominal / actual value difference of the rotational speed, in turn, serves as a control variable for the rotational speed control, so that nothing changes with regard to the control of the synchronous generator 2 in comparison to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
- the drive 3 does not need to cover the full consumer power, which allows substantially simpler control conditions for the drive 3, because in the simplest case the drive only operates at a given power level as a function of falling short of a lower limit and exceeding an upper limit value Battery voltage on and off needs to be switched so that the battery 1 3 is loaded in response to their state of charge by the synchronous generator 2.
- the rated speed can be set by a corresponding change of the exciter current I e between the characteristic curves 1 8 and 1 9.
- the speed n of the synchronous generator 2 can be regulated to a constant value n n with the exciter current I e as the manipulated variable.
- this also applies to synchronous generators 2 whose excitation current can only be changed in part because a part of the excitation current is made available by a permanent-magnet excitation.
- FIG. 5 shows the voltage U v that can be tapped on the battery 1 3 during a time-related power requirement of the load 1 and that serves to control the drive 3.
- This drive 3 is switched on at a lower limit voltage U e i n and switched off again at an upper limit voltage U aU s.
- two power levels are provided for the drive 3, wherein when an upper threshold value U LI of the load voltage U v is exceeded, the drive power via the control device 1 1 is switched to a lower power level and falls below a lower threshold Ui_2 back to the higher power level. From the characteristic curve 21 of FIG. 5 it follows that due to the power requirement of the consumer 1, the battery 13 is discharged, which can be recognized by the falling consumer voltage U v .
- the drive 3 Since the consumer voltage U V drops below the lower limit U e i n , however, the drive 3 is switched on via the control device 1 1, which leads in this embodiment to a voltage increase and thus to a charging of the battery 13. Since, according to this voltage increase, the upper threshold U u of the load voltage U v is exceeded, the drive 3 is operated in the lower power stage, which manifests itself in a flatter increase in the voltage curve. Since the lower threshold Ui_2 is undershot in the further course, the drive is again driven in the higher power level until the upper threshold Uu is exceeded again, which brings a flatter rise in the voltage curve 21 before the drive 3 when reaching the upper limit U is shut off.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 illustrate the invention with reference to a powered by a battery-powered electric motor vehicle with a device according to the invention for power supply.
- FIG. 6 shows a speed profile of the vehicle which is initially accelerated to a speed v and then braked to a speed v 2 before the vehicle is stopped.
- the power requirement P v for this drive is shown in full lines by the characteristic curve 23. From Fig.
- FIGS. 9 to 13 illustrate the conditions of the power supply of a load 1 according to FIG. 1 without the use of a battery.
- the power P v required by the load 1 is represented by the dashed characteristic curve 29, while the power P g emitted via the synchronous generator 2 is shown in a full line 30.
- the drive 3 an internal combustion engine, must be controlled accordingly, which takes place in the selected exemplary embodiment by an adjustment of the throttle valve via the actuating drive 12.
- the respective throttle flap angle ⁇ can be taken from the characteristic curve 31.
- the consumer load P v exceeds the deliverable power from the synchronous generator 2 P g from the time t- ⁇ .
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Control Of Charge By Means Of Generators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112015005097.3T DE112015005097B4 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-03 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung zur Energieversorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers in einem Inselbetrieb und eine entsprechende Vorrichtung |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA50824/2014 | 2014-11-10 | ||
ATA50824/2014A AT516418B1 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2014-11-10 | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Vorrichtung zur Energieversorgung eines elektrischen Verbrauchers in einem Inselbetrieb |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2016074008A1 true WO2016074008A1 (de) | 2016-05-19 |
Family
ID=54754390
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/AT2015/050278 WO2016074008A1 (de) | 2014-11-10 | 2015-11-03 | Verfahren zum betreiben einer vorrichtung zur energieversorgung eines elektrischen verbrauchers in einem inselbetrieb |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
AT (1) | AT516418B1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112015005097B4 (de) |
TW (1) | TW201633694A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2016074008A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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RU2727922C1 (ru) * | 2019-01-10 | 2020-07-27 | Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военный учебно-научный центр Военно-воздушных сил "Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н.Е. Жуковского и Ю.А. Гагарина" (г. Воронеж) Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Устройство регулирования частоты автономного синхронного генератора электроагрегата |
Citations (6)
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US5504417A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1996-04-02 | Generac Corporation | Engine-driven generator |
US6018200A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 2000-01-25 | Coleman Powermate, Inc. | Load demand throttle control for portable generator and other applications |
JP2007300750A (ja) * | 2006-05-01 | 2007-11-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 車両用発電機の制御装置 |
US20100001523A1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2010-01-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply control apparatus and method for hybrid vehicle |
WO2010046962A1 (ja) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-29 | 株式会社MERSTech | 原動機システム |
US20130026763A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | National Sun Yat-Sen University | Wind power excitation synchronous generation system and control method thereof |
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JP3092079B2 (ja) | 1992-08-20 | 2000-09-25 | 株式会社デンソー | ハイブリッド型電気自動車 |
JP3019682B2 (ja) | 1993-09-17 | 2000-03-13 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | ハイブリッド車における発電制御方法 |
JP3248827B2 (ja) | 1995-01-18 | 2002-01-21 | 三菱電機株式会社 | エンジン発電機の制御装置 |
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DE10206960A1 (de) * | 2002-02-19 | 2003-08-21 | Still Gmbh | Drehstromantrieb |
GB0418236D0 (en) | 2004-08-17 | 2004-09-15 | Szymonik Tony | Three dimensional effect decorative tile |
US7635922B2 (en) | 2006-04-03 | 2009-12-22 | C.E. Niehoff & Co. | Power control system and method |
DE102007037354A1 (de) | 2007-08-08 | 2009-02-12 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Bordnetz mit Steuerschaltung |
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FR2998739B1 (fr) | 2012-11-27 | 2016-03-04 | Leroy Somer Moteurs | Procede de regulation d'un groupe electrogene. |
-
2014
- 2014-11-10 AT ATA50824/2014A patent/AT516418B1/de active
-
2015
- 2015-11-03 DE DE112015005097.3T patent/DE112015005097B4/de active Active
- 2015-11-03 WO PCT/AT2015/050278 patent/WO2016074008A1/de active Application Filing
- 2015-11-06 TW TW104136592A patent/TW201633694A/zh unknown
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US5504417A (en) * | 1992-06-11 | 1996-04-02 | Generac Corporation | Engine-driven generator |
US6018200A (en) * | 1994-09-14 | 2000-01-25 | Coleman Powermate, Inc. | Load demand throttle control for portable generator and other applications |
JP2007300750A (ja) * | 2006-05-01 | 2007-11-15 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 車両用発電機の制御装置 |
US20100001523A1 (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2010-01-07 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Power supply control apparatus and method for hybrid vehicle |
WO2010046962A1 (ja) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-29 | 株式会社MERSTech | 原動機システム |
US20130026763A1 (en) * | 2011-07-29 | 2013-01-31 | National Sun Yat-Sen University | Wind power excitation synchronous generation system and control method thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AT516418A1 (de) | 2016-05-15 |
AT516418B1 (de) | 2016-07-15 |
DE112015005097A5 (de) | 2017-07-27 |
DE112015005097B4 (de) | 2023-12-14 |
TW201633694A (zh) | 2016-09-16 |
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