WO2016058379A1 - 用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备 - Google Patents

用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备 Download PDF

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WO2016058379A1
WO2016058379A1 PCT/CN2015/079241 CN2015079241W WO2016058379A1 WO 2016058379 A1 WO2016058379 A1 WO 2016058379A1 CN 2015079241 W CN2015079241 W CN 2015079241W WO 2016058379 A1 WO2016058379 A1 WO 2016058379A1
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Prior art keywords
volute
centrifugal compressor
stage
casing
diffuser
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PCT/CN2015/079241
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘建飞
张治平
钟瑞兴
蒋楠
蒋彩云
谢蓉
陈玉辉
黄保乾
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016058379A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016058379A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/628—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/441—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/16—Combinations of two or more pumps ; Producing two or more separate gas flows
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/403—Casings; Connections of working fluid especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/62—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/624—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling of radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of refrigeration equipment, and in particular to a volute structure, a centrifugal compressor and a refrigeration device for a centrifugal compressor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a pneumatic portion of a double-stage centrifugal compressor in which a volute is tilted forward in the prior art, and an inner curved cavity of the volute is directed downstream of the airflow.
  • the pneumatic part of the centrifugal compressor is mainly composed of a casing 22, a deflector, a first-stage impeller, a first-stage diffuser, a curve, a return flow, a secondary impeller, a secondary diffuser, a volute 21, etc., wherein The volute 21 and the return flow are each a separate component and are disposed separately.
  • the structure satisfies the requirement, and the method is: setting the volute 21 and the curved portion of the pneumatic portion of the centrifugal compressor
  • the method is: setting the volute 21 and the curved portion of the pneumatic portion of the centrifugal compressor
  • at least a reflow device can be arranged between the volute 21 and the curve.
  • the reflow device and the volute 21 are independent and separately arranged, and the length of the first-stage diffuser segment along the main axis direction is reduced, and the main shaft 20 cantilever is increased. The length of the end, in turn, allows the various components of the pneumatic portion of the centrifugal compressor to be arranged.
  • the returner and the volute 21 are independent of each other, and are disposed separately, occupying a large space; reducing the length of the first-stage diffuser section in the direction of the main axis causes the centrifugal compressor to enter The gas cannot be sufficiently diffused, which will reduce the performance of the centrifugal compressor unit; and increasing the length of the main shaft 20 will lead to The critical speed of the compressor is reduced, the stability of the unit is reduced, and the performance is reduced.
  • One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a volute structure, a centrifugal compressor and a refrigeration device for a centrifugal compressor, which can reduce the distance between the volute and the curved portion of the pneumatic portion of the centrifugal compressor. To optimize the aerodynamic structure of the existing centrifugal compressor, improve the performance and stability of the unit.
  • the present invention provides a volute structure for a centrifugal compressor comprising: a volute and a reflux;
  • the volute includes an inner volute and an outer volute independent of each other, and a fluid passage is formed between the inner volute and the outer volute;
  • the inner volute is disposed with the returner such that the space between the volute and the aerodynamic portion of the centrifugal compressor is reduced relative to the case where the volute is disposed separately from the return distance.
  • the outer volute is disposed with the casing of the centrifugal compressor.
  • volute structure as described above preferably, the reflux device and the inner volute are arranged in a unitary structure;
  • volute structure as described above, it is preferable that the case and the outer volute are provided in a unitary structure.
  • the inner volute and the refluxer are formed into a unitary structure by casting.
  • the outer volute and the case are formed into a unitary structure by casting.
  • the joint between the inner volute and the outer volute adopts a rounded transition.
  • the curve is fixed to the reflux.
  • the curve and the refluxer are formed into a unitary structure by casting.
  • the present invention also provides a centrifugal compressor comprising the volute structure of any of the above embodiments.
  • the centrifugal compressor further includes a casing and a casing, and the volute structure further includes a primary diffuser;
  • the casing, the tank, the first diffuser and the returner enclose a first-stage air supply chamber.
  • the centrifugal compressor is a two-stage or multi-stage centrifugal compressor.
  • the present invention also provides a refrigeration apparatus comprising the centrifugal compressor of any of the above embodiments.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can at least produce the following technical effects:
  • the volute is divided into two separate parts: an inner volute and an outer volute, and the inner volute and the refluxer are arranged together.
  • the joint structure between the volute and the centrifugal part of the centrifugal compressor can be arranged as close as possible to reduce the distance between the volute and the curve; at the same time, the first diffuser can be ensured along the main axis
  • the direction has sufficient length to improve the pressure-expansion effect of the gas entering the first-stage diffuser, thereby improving the performance of the centrifugal compressor unit and enhancing the operational stability of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the length of the main shaft can also be shortened, which can increase the critical rotational speed of the rotating parts of the compressor and improve the operational stability and compressor performance of the centrifugal compressor.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a pneumatic portion of a two-stage centrifugal compressor with a volute forward leaning in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a partial structure of a volute structure applied to a centrifugal compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the front and the back of this paper are based on the direction of the airflow entering the volute structure, the front of the airflow is the front, that is, the left side shown in Fig. 2; the downstream of the airflow is the rear, that is, the right side shown in Fig. 2.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a volute structure, which is preferably applied in a centrifugal compressor and the like, and can be arranged as a forward tilting volute structure (ie, the arrangement shown in FIG. 2, the inner arc of the volute 7)
  • the cavity is oriented upstream of the gas flow, ie to the left, and may also be provided as a rearward volute structure.
  • the volute structure is preferably used in a two-stage centrifugal compressor, and can also be used in the last stage of the volute of the multi-stage centrifugal compressor, so that the centrifugal compressor structure is more compact, and the stability and the centrifugal compressor are improved. performance.
  • the volute structure includes a volute 7 and a reflux 5 .
  • the volute 7 includes mutually independent inner
  • a fluid passage is formed between the volute 71 and the outer volute 72, the inner volute 71 and the outer volute 72 for fluid to pass therethrough.
  • the inner volute 71 is arranged with the returnor 5 such that the distance between the volute 7 and the curve 4 of the pneumatic portion of the centrifugal compressor can be reduced with respect to the case where the volute 7 and the returner 5 are arranged separately.
  • the volute 7 is divided into two separate parts: an inner volute 71 and an outer volute 72, and the inner volute 71 and the refluxer 5 are arranged together.
  • the connecting fixing structure between the returning device 5 and the curve 4 makes the volute 7 and the curve 4 as close as possible in the structure; at the same time, the first diffuser 3 is ensured to have sufficient length in the direction of the main axis, and the improvement is improved.
  • the length of the main shaft can be shortened, and therefore, the critical rotational speed of the rotating parts of the compressor can be improved, and the operational stability of the compressor and the performance of the compressor can be improved.
  • the inner volute 71 and the reflow device 5 are arranged together, thereby reducing the number of components, so that the components of the pneumatic part can be more rationally matched and the aerodynamic performance is better under the premise of keeping the pneumatic part of the centrifugal compressor compact.
  • the critical speed of the centrifugal compressor is related to the length of the main shaft of the centrifugal compressor, and the volute 7 is divided into an outer volute 72 and an inner volute 71.
  • the position of the outer volute 72 and the inner volute 71 can be reasonably set without changing the length of the centrifugal compressor main shaft, that is, the volute can be solved without affecting the critical speed of the centrifugal compressor and the performance of the unit. 7 layout problems.
  • the volute 7 is divided into two parts, an outer volute 72 and an inner volute 71, and the length of the main shaft can be shortened on the basis of the existing mechanism to increase the critical speed of the compressor.
  • the increase in critical speed means an increase in compressor stability and a reduction in spindle length. At the same time reduce the bearing length or diameter, reduce power consumption and improve compressor performance.
  • volute 7 is divided into the independent inner volute 71 and the outer volute 72, and the shape of the volute 7 is not changed, so that the aerodynamic performance of the volute 7 is not affected.
  • volute 7 is divided into two parts, an outer volute 72 and an inner volute 71, which can simplify the casting process of the volute 7.
  • the existing numerical control machining center can be used to perform the inner volute 71 on the basis of casting.
  • the secondary processing improves the unit performance and the versatility of the cabinet, facilitates the common use of different models, and reduces the number of mold opening times and costs of the new cabinet.
  • volute structure may further include a curve 4 to which the curve 4 can be fixed.
  • the inner volute 71 and the refluxer 5 are integrally formed by casting, that is, the arc shape of the inner volute 71 is formed outside the refluxer 5.
  • the inner volute 71 is arranged on the reflow device 5, and is formed by casting, so that the profile of the inner volute 71 can be processed by the current advanced machining center, and the volute structure is expanded to make the volute and other pneumatic components (impeller, The diffuser is better matched and the aerodynamic performance is better, so that the structure of the volute is changed and the aerodynamic performance is affected for the convenience of structural arrangement.
  • the curve 4 and the reflow device 5 are also formed into a unitary structure by casting.
  • the outer volute 72 is disposed with the casing 8 of the centrifugal compressor.
  • the outer volute 72 and the box 8 are integrally formed by casting, that is, the outer volute An arc shape of 72 is formed inside the case 8.
  • the inner volute 71 and the reflow device 5 are integrated, and the outer volute 72 and the casing 8 are integrated. It can also be understood that both the reflow device 5 and the casing 8 enclose the volute 7 .
  • the outer volute 72 is placed on the casing 8
  • the inner volute 71 is placed on the reflow device 5
  • the inner volute 71 and the outer volute 72 are well connected by precision casting and high precision machining of the machining center. .
  • the joint between the inner volute 71 and the outer volute 72 adopts a rounded corner transition to avoid misalignment between the two.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a centrifugal compressor comprising the volute structure provided by any one of the technical solutions of the present invention.
  • the entire centrifugal compressor is mainly composed of a casing 1, a first impeller 2, a first-stage diffuser 3, a curve 4, a reflux device 5, a secondary impeller 6, a secondary diffuser 10, and a volute 7.
  • the box body 8 is composed.
  • the volute forward leaning finger is biased toward the intake side (the left side in FIG. 2), and the airflow sequentially enters the first stage diffuser 3, the curve 4, the second stage impeller 6, and the secondary diffuser along the first stage impeller 2 10.
  • the volute 7 finally achieves gas pressurization.
  • the above centrifugal compressor changes the installation position of the first-stage air supply chamber 9, and adopts a casing 1 and a casing 8, a first-stage diffuser 3 and a returning device 5 to form a first-stage air supply chamber 9, which can
  • the qi function is realized without additional qi components.
  • the centrifugal compressor is a two-stage or multi-stage centrifugal compressor.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a refrigeration device, including any technical party of the invention.
  • the centrifugal compressor provided.
  • the refrigeration device with the above centrifugal compressor has a more compact pneumatic structure of the centrifugal compressor, better compressor running stability and better aerodynamic performance.
  • the refrigeration equipment is, for example, an air conditioning unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构，包括：蜗壳（7）和回流器（5）；蜗壳（7）包括相互独立的内蜗壳（71）和外蜗壳（72），内蜗壳（71）和外蜗壳（72）之间形成流体通道；内蜗壳（71）与回流器（5）布置在一起，使得相对于蜗壳（7）与回流器（5）分开布置的情况，减小蜗壳（7）与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道（4）之间的距离。一种具有上述蜗壳结构的离心式压缩机及制冷设备。上述技术方案能够保证一级扩压器段具有足够的长度，以改善对进入一级扩压器的气体的扩压效果，进而提高离心式压缩机的机组性能。

Description

用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备 技术领域
本发明涉及制冷设备领域，具体涉及一种用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备。
背景技术
在双级及多级离心式压缩机结构中，为减小主轴悬臂端长度，提高临界转速，增强稳定性，常常要将多级压缩的气动部分做的非常紧凑，使得蜗壳与离心式压缩机气动部分的一级扩压器出口后的弯道之间的距离很近，而离心式压缩机气动部分所包括的部件数量多，这使得离心式压缩机气动部分的各个部件的布置很困难。
图1为现有技术中一种蜗壳前倾的双级离心式压缩机气动部分的布置示意图，蜗壳的内部弧形空腔朝向气流下游。离心式压缩机气动部分主要由壳体22、导流器、一级叶轮、一级扩压器、弯道、回流器、二级叶轮、二级扩压器、蜗壳21等组成，其中，蜗壳21与回流器各自为一独立部件，分开设置。在该蜗壳前倾的双级离心式压缩机中，为使得气动部分的各个部件得以布置，结构满足要求，其做法是：将蜗壳21与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道之间设置的尽量远一些，蜗壳21与弯道之间至少能够设置有回流器，回流器与蜗壳21各自独立，分开设置，同时缩小一级扩压器段沿主轴方向的长度，增加主轴20悬臂端长度，进而使离心式压缩机气动部分的各个部件得到布置。
发明人发现，现有技术中至少存在下述不足：回流器与蜗壳21各自独立，分开设置，占用空间大；缩小一级扩压器段沿主轴方向的长度，会使得进入离心式压缩机的气体不能进行足够的扩压，这会降低离心式压缩机的机组性能；而增加主轴20长度会导 致压缩机临界转速降低，机组运行稳定性降低，性能降低。
发明内容
本发明的其中一个目的是提出一种用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备，能够减小蜗壳与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道之间的距离，用以优化现有离心式压缩机的气动结构，提高机组性能与稳定性。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构，其包括：蜗壳和回流器；
所述蜗壳包括相互独立的内蜗壳和外蜗壳，所述内蜗壳和所述外蜗壳之间形成流体通道；
所述内蜗壳与所述回流器布置在一起，使得相对于所述蜗壳与所述回流器分开布置的情况，减小所述蜗壳与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道之间的距离。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述外蜗壳与离心式压缩机的箱体布置在一起。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述回流器与所述内蜗壳设置成一体式结构；
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述箱体与所述外蜗壳设置成一体式结构。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述内蜗壳与所述回流器通过铸造形成一体式结构。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述外蜗壳与所述箱体通过铸造形成一体式结构。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述内蜗壳和所述外蜗壳的衔接处采用圆角过渡。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述弯道固定在所述回流器上。
如上所述的蜗壳结构，优选的是，所述弯道与所述回流器通过铸造形成一体式结构。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供了一种离心式压缩机，其包括上述任一实施例中的蜗壳结构。
如上所述的离心式压缩机，优选的是，所述离心式压缩机还包括壳体和箱体，所述蜗壳结构还包括一级扩压器；
其中，所述壳体、所述箱体、所述一级扩压器和所述回流器之间围成一级补气腔。
如上所述的离心式压缩机，优选的是，所述离心式压缩机为双级或多级离心式压缩机。
为实现上述目的，本发明还提供了一种制冷设备，其包括上述任一实施例中的离心式压缩机。
基于上述技术方案，本发明实施例至少可以产生如下技术效果：
上述技术方案，将蜗壳分为了独立的两部分：内蜗壳和外蜗壳，且将内蜗壳与回流器布置在一起。将内蜗壳与回流器布置在一起，相对于现有技术中蜗壳与回流器分开布置的情况，能够节省内蜗壳和回流器所占的空间，减少蜗壳、回流器、弯道之间的衔接固定结构，使得蜗壳与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道在结构上能够布置得尽量近，减小蜗壳与弯道之间的距离；同时能够保证一级扩压器沿主轴方向具有足够的长度，改善进入一级扩压器的气体的扩压效果，进而提高离心式压缩机的机组性能，增强离心式压缩机运行稳定性。另外，在采用上述技术方案时，还可以缩短主轴长度，这样能够提高压缩机转动部件的临界转速，提高离心式压缩机运行稳定性与压缩机性能。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，构成本 申请的一部分，本发明的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为现有技术中一种蜗壳前倾的双级离心式压缩机气动部分的布置示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的蜗壳结构应用在离心式压缩机中的局部结构剖视示意图；
图1中的附图标记：
20-主轴；21-蜗壳；22-壳体；
图2中的附图标记：
1-壳体；2-一级叶轮；3-一级扩压器；4-弯道；5-回流器；6-二级叶轮；7-蜗壳；71-内蜗壳；72-外蜗壳；8-箱体；9-一级补气腔；10-二级扩压器。
具体实施方式
下面结合图2对本发明提供的技术方案进行更为详细的阐述，将本发明提供的任一技术手段进行替换或将本发明提供的任意两个或更多个技术手段或技术特征互相进行组合而得到的技术方案均应该在本发明的保护范围之内。
本文中的前、后是以进入蜗壳结构的气流方向为参照，位于气流上游的为前，即图2所示的左侧；位于气流下游的为后，即图2所示的右侧。
本发明实施例提供一种蜗壳结构，优选应用在离心式压缩机及类似的产品中，可以设置为前倾式蜗壳结构(即图2所示的设置方式，蜗壳7的内部弧形空腔朝向气流上游，即左侧)，也可以设置为后倾式蜗壳结构。该蜗壳结构优选用于双级离心式压缩机中，也可用于多级离心式压缩机的蜗壳所在的最后一级，使得离心式压缩机结构更加紧凑，提高稳定性与离心式压缩机性能。
蜗壳结构包括蜗壳7和回流器5。蜗壳7包括相互独立的内 蜗壳71和外蜗壳72，内蜗壳71和所述外蜗壳72之间形成流体通道，以供流体通过。内蜗壳71与回流器5布置在一起，使得相对于蜗壳7与回流器5分开布置的情况，能够减小蜗壳7与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道4之间的距离。
此处，将蜗壳7沿周向拆分为内外两部分：内蜗壳71和外蜗壳72。内蜗壳71与回流器5布置在一起，则至少有以下几种设置方式：内蜗壳71与回流器5固定连接或两者为一体式结构。
上述技术方案，将蜗壳7分为了独立的两部分：内蜗壳71和外蜗壳72，且将内蜗壳71与回流器5布置在一起。将内蜗壳71与回流器5布置在一起，使得相对于现有技术中蜗壳与回流器分开布置的情况，能够节省内蜗壳71和回流器5所占的空间，减少蜗壳7、回流器5、弯道4之间的衔接固定结构，使得蜗壳7与弯道4在结构上布置的尽量近；同时保证了一级扩压器3具有足够的沿主轴方向的长度，改善了进入一级扩压器3的气体的扩压效果，进而提高离心式压缩机的机组性能，增强了离心式压缩机运行稳定性。同时，可以缩短主轴长度，因此，能够提高压缩机转动部件的临界转速，提高压缩机运行稳定性与压缩机性能。
另外，将内蜗壳71与回流器5布置在一起，减少了部件数量，故能在保持离心式压缩机气动部分结构紧凑的前提下，使得气动部分的部件参数搭配更加合理，气动性能更加优秀。以将上述蜗壳结构应用在离心式压缩机中为例，离心式压缩机的临界转速与离心式压缩机的主轴长度有关，将蜗壳7分为外蜗壳72和内蜗壳71两部分，可以在不改变离心压缩机主轴长度的前提下，使得外蜗壳72和内蜗壳71的位置能够合理设置，即可以在不影响离心式压缩机临界转速和机组性能的前提下解决蜗壳7的布置问题。另外，将蜗壳7分为外蜗壳72和内蜗壳71两部分，还可以在现有机构的基础上缩短主轴长度，提高压缩机临界转速。临界转速的提高意味着压缩机稳定性的提高，同时也可以在缩短主轴长度 的同时减小轴承长度或者直径，减少耗功，提高压缩机性能。
再则，将蜗壳7分为独立的内蜗壳71和外蜗壳72，不会改变蜗壳7的形状，故不会对蜗壳7的气动性能造成影响。另外，将蜗壳7分为外蜗壳72和内蜗壳71两部分，可以简化蜗壳7的铸造工艺，同时可以采用已有的数控加工中心对内蜗壳71在铸造的基础上进行二次加工，提高机组性能与箱体通用性、利于不同机型的通用，降低新箱体的开模次数和费用。
进一步地，蜗壳结构还可以包括弯道4，弯道4可固定在回流器5上。
本实施例中，以将内蜗壳71和弯道4同时固定在回流器5上为例，这样可以省去现有离心式压缩机中设置在弯道4与回流器5之间的补气管道，使得弯道4与内蜗壳71在结构上可以布置得更加紧凑，进而使得双级、多级离心式压缩机的结构紧凑。而现有技术中采用一般的整体式蜗壳结构，为安装回流器，需要加大弯道与蜗壳之间沿主轴方向的距离(即避免弯道的最高点距离蜗壳的最近一点沿主轴方向的距离过小)，蜗壳与回流器各自独立，分开设置，必须要将主轴的轴向长度加长，这样会降低压缩机临界转速，进而降低压缩机稳定性。
此处，内蜗壳71与回流器5具体通过铸造形成一体式结构，即内蜗壳71的弧形形状形成在回流器5的外侧。将内蜗壳71布置在回流器5上，通过铸造成型，使得可以通过目前先进的加工中心对内蜗壳71的型线进行加工，拓展蜗壳结构，使得蜗壳与其他气动元件(叶轮、扩压器)匹配更好，气动性能更加优秀，而不至于为了结构布置方便，更改蜗壳结构，影响气动性能。
为提高整体结构的强度和减小安装难度，弯道4与回流器5也通过铸造形成一体式结构。
进一步地，外蜗壳72与离心式压缩机的箱体8布置在一起。优选的，外蜗壳72与箱体8通过铸造形成一体式结构，即外蜗壳 72的弧形形状形成在箱体8的内侧。采用此结构在整体布置上可以采用更加优秀的蜗壳型线，而不至于为了结构布置方便，更改蜗壳结构，影响气动性能。
此处，同时采用内蜗壳71与回流器5为一体式结构、外蜗壳72与箱体8为一体式结构，也可以理解为回流器5和箱体8两者围成了蜗壳7。本实施例中，将外蜗壳72置于箱体8上，内蜗壳71置于回流器5上，通过精密铸造与加工中心的高精度加工保证内蜗壳71、外蜗壳72衔接良好。
本实施例中，进一步地，内蜗壳71和外蜗壳72的衔接处采用圆角过渡，以避免两者的衔接错位。
本发明实施例还提供一种离心式压缩机，其包括本发明任一技术方案提供的蜗壳结构。
参见图2，整个离心式压缩机主要由壳体1、一级叶轮2、一级扩压器3、弯道4、回流器5、二级叶轮6、二级扩压器10、蜗壳7、箱体8组成。其中，蜗壳前倾指偏向于进气侧(图2中左侧)，气流沿一级叶轮2顺次进入一级扩压器3、弯道4、二级叶轮6、二级扩压器10、蜗壳7，最终实现气体增压。
蜗壳结构是离心式压缩机气动部分的重要部件之一，除蜗壳结构之外，离心式压缩机气动部分还包括叶轮和气动电机。
进一步地，离心式压缩机还包括壳体1、箱体8，蜗壳结构还包括一级扩压器3。其中，壳体1、箱体8、一级扩压器3和回流器5之间围成一级补气腔9。即箱体8既参与构成蜗壳7、又参与构成一级补气腔9。
上述离心式压缩机，改变了一级补气腔9的设置位置，且采用壳体1、箱体8、一级扩压器3和回流器5之间围成一级补气腔9，可以在不另外增加补气部件的前提下实现补气功能。
承上述，离心式压缩机为双级或多级离心式压缩机。
本发明实施例还提供一种制冷设备，包括本发明任一技术方 案提供的离心式压缩机。具有上述离心式压缩机的制冷设备，其离心式压缩机气动结构更加紧凑，压缩机运行稳定性更好，气动性能更加优秀。制冷设备比如为空调机组。
在本发明的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、为特定的方位构造和操作，因而不能理解为对本发明保护内容的限制。
如果本文中使用了“第一”、“第二”等词语来限定零部件的话，本领域技术人员应该知晓：“第一”、“第二”的使用仅仅是为了便于描述上对零部件进行区别如没有另行声明外，上述词语并没有特殊的含义。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本发明请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种用于离心式压缩机的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，包括：蜗壳(7)和回流器(5)；
    所述蜗壳(7)包括相互独立的内蜗壳(71)和外蜗壳(72)，所述内蜗壳(71)和所述外蜗壳(72)之间形成流体通道；
    所述内蜗壳(71)与所述回流器(5)布置在一起，使得相对于所述蜗壳(7)与所述回流器(5)分开布置的情况，减小所述蜗壳(7)与离心式压缩机气动部分的弯道(4)之间的距离。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述外蜗壳(72)与离心式压缩机的箱体(8)布置在一起。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述回流器(5)与所述内蜗壳(71)设置成一体式结构。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述箱体(8)与所述外蜗壳(72)设置成一体式结构。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述内蜗壳(71)与所述回流器(5)通过铸造形成一体式结构。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述外蜗壳(72)与所述箱体(8)通过铸造形成一体式结构。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述内蜗壳(71)和所述外蜗壳(72)的衔接处采用圆角过渡。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述弯道(4)固定在所述回流器(5)上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的蜗壳结构，其特征在于，所述弯道(4)与所述回流器(5)通过铸造形成一体式结构。
  10. 一种离心式压缩机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1所述的蜗壳结构。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的离心式压缩机，其特征在于，所述离心式压缩机还包括壳体(1)、箱体(8)，所述蜗壳结构还 包括一级扩压器(3)；
    其中，所述壳体(1)、所述箱体(8)、所述一级扩压器(3)和所述回流器(5)之间围成一级补气腔。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的离心式压缩机，其特征在于，所述离心式压缩机为双级或多级离心式压缩机。
  13. 一种制冷设备，其特征在于，包括权利要求10所述的离心式压缩机。
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CN103016409A (zh) * 2012-12-24 2013-04-03 烟台蓝德空调工业有限责任公司 一种新型多级压缩离心式制冷压缩机的级间补气装置
CN204175653U (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-02-25 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备
CN104454652A (zh) * 2014-10-16 2015-03-25 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 蜗壳结构、离心式压缩机及制冷设备

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EP3208471A1 (en) 2017-08-23
US20170306981A1 (en) 2017-10-26

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