WO2016050041A1 - 前驱自行车及差速双驱自行车 - Google Patents

前驱自行车及差速双驱自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016050041A1
WO2016050041A1 PCT/CN2015/075141 CN2015075141W WO2016050041A1 WO 2016050041 A1 WO2016050041 A1 WO 2016050041A1 CN 2015075141 W CN2015075141 W CN 2015075141W WO 2016050041 A1 WO2016050041 A1 WO 2016050041A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wheel
ball
transmission
disposed
transmission wheel
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Application number
PCT/CN2015/075141
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张金星
Original Assignee
张金星
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 张金星 filed Critical 张金星
Priority to CN201580003756.4A priority Critical patent/CN106660605B/zh
Publication of WO2016050041A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016050041A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K19/00—Cycle frames
    • B62K19/30—Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M9/00—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like
    • B62M9/02—Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like of unchangeable ratio

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of bicycles, in particular to a front-drive bicycle and a differential double-drive bicycle.
  • the bicycles in the prior art are all rear wheel drive, and the front sprocket on the crank sprocket and the rear axle is connected by a chain drive. Since the front wheel is turned, the rear wheel cannot be deflected left and right, so the relative position of the crank sprocket and the front flywheel is The angle does not change, the chain is driven stably and will not detach from the sprocket.
  • the mountain bike and the road racing bicycle are all for the rider's body to push forward and ride, but since the bicycle is driven by the rear wheel, the rider will have a sense of instability when leaning over, affecting the feeling of riding and The riding speed is limited.
  • the existing bicycles and motorcycles are all rear-wheel drive, and the simultaneous driving of the front and rear wheels through a power output end and a chain transmission mechanism is still a difficult problem to be overcome.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above technical problems and provide a front-drive bicycle.
  • the present invention also provides a differential double-drive bicycle capable of achieving front wheel drive, rear wheel drive or two-wheel simultaneous drive and good coordination.
  • a front-drive bicycle includes a frame, a front fork, a handlebar, a front wheel, a rear wheel, a front axle, a center axle, a crank sprocket and a first chain.
  • the key technologies are:
  • the utility model further includes a front flywheel disposed on the front axle, a fixing bracket disposed on the frame, a first transmission wheel assembly disposed on the fixing frame, a second transmission wheel coaxially coupled with the first transmission wheel assembly, and a second transmission wheel a two-chain strip, the crank sprocket is drivingly connected to the first transmission wheel assembly through a first chain, and the second transmission wheel is driven and connected via a second chain and a front flywheel disposed on the front axle;
  • the first transmission wheel is always a universal joint transmission wheel, which includes;
  • An outer wheel having a central bore defining the outer wheel to form an inner spherical surface, the inner spherical surface being provided with a plurality of outer ball grooves, the outer wheel outer surface being provided with more than one turn suitable for chain transmission Tooth
  • An inner wheel having an outer spherical surface disposed in a central hole of the outer wheel, the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel being provided with an inner ball groove equal to the outer ball groove, the outer ball groove and The inner ball grooves collectively form a ball guiding track, and the inner wheel center is provided with a spline hole;
  • a splined drive shaft is disposed in the middle, the spline is adapted to the spline hole, and the transmission shaft is disposed in the spline hole of the inner wheel and connected to the inner wheel through the spline;
  • a retainer disposed between the inner spherical surface of the outer wheel and the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel, the retainer being provided with a ball receiving window for receiving and supporting the ball equal to the outer ball groove hole;
  • the outer wheel is rotatably clamped on the fixing frame.
  • the method further includes a third transmission wheel assembly disposed on the fixed frame and a third chain, wherein the crank sprocket is drivingly connected to the third transmission wheel assembly through the first chain, and the third transmission wheel assembly passes The third chain is drivingly coupled to the first transmission wheel assembly, and the second transmission wheel is coupled to the front flywheel disposed on the front axle via the second chain.
  • the universal joint transmission wheel further includes a fixed seat for positioning the outer wheel, and the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the fixed frame;
  • the fixed race has an annular inner surface, and the inner annular surface is provided with an inner ball track groove, and an outer ball track groove is disposed between two sides of the one wheel of the outer wheel or between two teeth of the ring.
  • An outer ball is disposed between the inner ball track groove and the outer ball track groove.
  • an outer ball track groove is disposed between two sides of the one ring tooth of the outer wheel or between two wheel teeth, and the inner ball track corresponding to the outer ball track groove is disposed on the fixed frame
  • An outer ball is disposed between the inner ball track groove and the outer ball track groove.
  • the transmission shaft of the universal joint transmission wheel is disposed between the front forks.
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel of the universal joint transmission wheel is provided with a ring gear
  • the third transmission wheel assembly comprises a first transmission wheel and a linkage wheel fixedly coupled by a linkage shaft, the first transmission The wheel is drivingly coupled to the crank sprocket through a first chain, the linkage wheel being coupled to the outer wheel by a third chain.
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel of the universal joint transmission wheel is provided with two turns of teeth
  • the third transmission wheel assembly comprises a first transmission wheel and two linkage wheels fixedly coupled by a linkage shaft,
  • the first transmission wheel is drivingly connected to the crank sprocket through a first chain, and the two linkage wheels are respectively connected by a third chain and an outer wheel.
  • an outer boss is formed between adjacent outer ball grooves of the outer wheel of the universal joint transmission wheel, wherein at least one outer boss is provided with a notch on both sides thereof, the cage At least one of the loading apertures has a rectangular shape, and the rectangular loading aperture is adapted to the set of outer projections having the notch.
  • an inner boss is formed between adjacent inner ball grooves of the inner wheel of the universal joint type transmission wheel, wherein both side edges of at least one inner boss are provided with outer chamfers.
  • the inner side of the rectangular ball- loading window of the cage is provided with two inner edges angle.
  • the number of the outer ball grooves is 6 or 8.
  • a differential double-drive bicycle includes a frame, a front fork disposed on the frame, a handlebar, a front wheel and a rear wheel, and the key technology thereof further comprises: a first transmission disposed on the frame through the fixing frame a wheel assembly and a second transmission wheel assembly disposed at the bottom of the frame;
  • the first transmission wheel is always a universal joint transmission wheel, which includes;
  • An outer wheel having a central bore defining the outer wheel to form an inner spherical surface, the inner spherical surface being provided with a plurality of outer ball grooves, the outer wheel outer surface being provided with a ring for chain drive tooth;
  • An inner wheel having an outer spherical surface disposed in a central hole of the outer wheel, the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel being provided with an inner ball groove equal to the outer ball groove, the outer ball groove and The inner ball grooves collectively form a ball guiding track, and the inner wheel center is provided with a spline hole;
  • a splined drive shaft is disposed in the middle, the spline is adapted to the spline hole, and the transmission shaft is disposed in the spline hole of the inner wheel and connected to the inner wheel through the spline;
  • a retainer disposed between the inner spherical surface of the outer wheel and the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel, the retainer being provided with a ball receiving window for receiving and supporting the ball equal to the outer ball groove hole;
  • the outer wheel is rotatably clamped on the fixing frame, and both ends of the transmission shaft are rotatably connected with the front fork;
  • the second transmission wheel is always a differential transmission wheel, which includes:
  • a cross shaft disposed on the center shaft, four planetary gears disposed on the cross shaft, and left and right transmission gears meshing with the planetary gears, the left transmission gear being fixed with a left sprocket a right sprocket is fixed on the right transmission gear, and the left transmission gear and the right transmission gear are disposed on the bottom tube of the mounted central shaft through a bearing;
  • the left sprocket is connected to the outer wheel through a first chain, and the second transmission wheel is disposed on the transmission shaft, and the second transmission wheel is connected to the front flywheel disposed on the front axle through the second chain;
  • the right sprocket is coupled to the rear flywheel disposed on the rear axle by a fourth chain.
  • the universal joint type transmission wheel further includes a fixed seat for positioning the outer wheel, and the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the fixed frame or formed on the fixed frame;
  • the fixed seat has an annular inner surface, and the inner surface of the outer ring is provided with an inner ball track groove, and two sides of one ring of the outer wheel are provided with outer ball track grooves, the inner ball track groove and the outer An outer ball is disposed between the ball track grooves.
  • an outer boss is formed between adjacent outer ball grooves of the outer wheel of the universal joint type transmission wheel, wherein at least one outer boss is provided with a notch on both sides thereof, and the ball loading window of the cage At least one of the holes in the hole is a moment Forming, the rectangular ball receiving aperture is adapted to the set of outer bosses having the notch.
  • an inner boss is formed between adjacent inner ball grooves of the inner wheel of the universal joint type transmission wheel, wherein at least one inner side of the inner boss is provided with an outer chamfer.
  • the inner two long sides of the rectangular ball- loading window of the cage are provided with an inner chamfer.
  • left sprocket and the right sprocket are provided with a cylindrical groove
  • the bottom tube is provided with a circular arc-shaped friction plate corresponding to the inner wall of the groove, and one end of the friction plate and the bottom tube Connect and connect the other end to the screwing controller on the handlebar by the cable.
  • the fixing bracket includes a fixing bracket main body, and the fixing bracket main body is provided with a cavity for clamping the first transmission wheel assembly, and the fixing bracket main body is provided with a hole for passing through the first chain. .
  • the fixing frame body is fixedly connected to the beam and the inclined beam of the frame.
  • top and bottom of the fixing frame body are fixedly provided with a supporting shaft, and the supporting shaft is rotatably connected with the supporting device on the front fork.
  • the front fork is provided with a cross bar, and the two support shafts are respectively connected to the front fork top and the cross bar through bearings.
  • the invention adjusts the structure of the constant velocity joint, and the gear teeth suitable for the chain or the belt drive are arranged on the outer periphery of the outer wheel, so that the power source of the outer wheel is fundamentally changed, and can be located in the same way as the outer wheel.
  • the chain or the belt on the plane is driven, and the outer center hole of the outer wheel is opened on both sides, and the transmission shaft passing through the center of the inner wheel is a through shaft, so that the transmission shaft can be used with a bicycle or a motorcycle.
  • Front wheel drive connection By setting the fixed race, the position and angle of the outer wheel are fixed, and the drive shaft can freely rotate in the outer wheel through the inner wheel.
  • the above structure is applied to the bicycle, and the front wheel drive front wheel steering can be realized, and the stability is good, and the stable transmission of the chain is not affected during the free twisting direction of the front wheel.
  • the lower tube of the frame is designed as a split structure, which can make the crank sprocket centered, avoiding the friction and entrapment of the crank sprocket to the pants tube, and the structure is novel.
  • the chain transmission of the crank sprocket and the first transmission wheel assembly can be realized without changing the conventional frame structure and the crank sprocket installation position, and the structure is simple and the stability of the use process is strong.
  • the differential double-drive bicycle provided by the invention realizes simultaneous driving of the front wheel and the rear wheel by using the universal joint type first transmission wheel assembly and the differential type second transmission wheel assembly, and has good coordination.
  • the friction plate can be controlled by a specially-designed screwing controller and a pull wire to realize the control and adjustment of the front drive, the rear drive, and the double drive.
  • the structure and installation method of the fixed frame provided in the differential double-drive bicycle are more stable and reasonable, and take up less space, so that the overall structure of the vehicle is simple and beautiful.
  • the upper and lower ends of the fixing frame are connected with the front fork through the support shaft and the bearing, and support the front fork, which does not affect the rotation of the front fork, and makes the structure of the fixing frame more stable, so that the mounting structure of the first transmission wheel assembly more stable.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer wheel of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • FIG. 4 is a structural schematic view of another perspective view of the outer wheel of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view showing the structure of the inner wheel of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 6 is a structural schematic view of the transmission shaft of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first transmission wheel assembly holder.
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional structural view of the first transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view showing the structure of the outer race with the fixed race and the outer ball.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a fixing race of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of another perspective of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a schematic structural view of a third transmission wheel assembly in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first transmission wheel assembly in the third embodiment.
  • Figure 16 is a cross-sectional partial structural view of the outer wheel of the third embodiment.
  • Figure 17 is a schematic view showing the structure of a differential double-drive bicycle.
  • Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of the second transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 19 is a schematic exploded view of the second transmission wheel assembly.
  • Figure 20 is a schematic view showing the mounting structure of the fixing frame.
  • Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of the holder.
  • Figure 22 is a schematic view showing the structure of the front fork.
  • Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure of the first transmission wheel assembly and the outer fixing frame.
  • FIG. 1-16 101 frame, 102 front fork, 103 first transmission wheel assembly, 104 holder, 105 second chain, 106 front flywheel, 107 front wheel, 108 center shaft, 109 crank sprocket, 110 first chain, 111 linkage axis, 112 Three transmission wheels, 113 second transmission wheels, 114 linkage wheels, 115 front axles, 116 third chain;
  • FIG. 17-23 101 frame, 102 front fork, 102-1 crossbar, 103 first transmission wheel assembly, 104 holder, 104-1 holder body, 104-2 support shaft, 105 second Chain, 106 front flywheel, 107 front wheel, 108 center shaft, 110 first chain, 113 second transmission wheel, 115 front axle, 117 rear wheel, 118 rear axle, 119 rear flywheel, 120 crank, 121 pedal, 122 Bottom tube, 123 fourth chain;
  • 200 second transmission wheel assembly 201 cross shaft, 202 planetary gear, 203 left transmission gear, 204 right transmission gear, 205 left sprocket, 206 right sprocket, 207 groove, 208 friction plate, 209 wire.
  • a front-drive bicycle as shown in FIG. 1 includes a frame 101, a front fork 102, a handlebar, a front wheel, a 107, a rear wheel, a front axle 115, a center axle 108, a crank sprocket 109, and a first chain 110.
  • the key technology is that the front flywheel 106 disposed on the front axle 115, the fixed bracket 104 disposed on the frame 101, the first transmission wheel assembly 103 disposed on the fixed bracket 104, and the first transmission The wheel assembly 103 is coaxially coupled to the second transmission wheel 113 and the second chain 105.
  • the crank sprocket 109 is drivingly coupled to the first transmission wheel assembly 103 via the first chain 110, and the second transmission wheel 113 is passed through the second chain.
  • the 105 is coupled to the front flywheel 106 disposed on the front axle 115.
  • the rear wheel, the rear axle, the seat, the seat tube, the ankle, etc. of the bicycle are not invented, so the figure is not shown.
  • the frame 101 includes an upper tube, a lower tube, a first tube and a sitting tube (not shown), the lower tube is split for mounting a crank sprocket 109, and the fixing frame 104 passes through the first tube and the lower tube Fixedly disposed between the front forks 102.
  • the crank sprocket 109, the rear wheel and the first transmission wheel assembly 103 are located on the same plane to facilitate the installation of the chain.
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 103 is a universal joint transmission wheel, which includes: an outer wheel 1 that is open on both sides, and an inner wheel 2 that is placed in the outer wheel 1. a ball 5 between the outer wheel 1 and the inner wheel 2, a retainer 3 disposed between the outer wheel 1 and the inner wheel 2 for defining the ball 5, and a transmission shaft 4 that rotates simultaneously with the inner wheel 2 through the center of the inner wheel,
  • the inner wheel 2 is located at an intermediate portion of the drive shaft 4.
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel 1 according to the present invention is provided with gear teeth 16 or grooves
  • the arrangement of the groove, the tooth 16 or the groove facilitates the rotation of the outer wheel 1 as a passive wheel to receive the transmission power from the chain or the belt, and then the ball 5 transmits the power of the outer wheel 1 to the inner wheel 2, and the transmission shaft 4 is synchronized with the inner wheel 2 Rotating, the drive shaft 4 will output power.
  • the outer wheel 1 has a central hole 11 defining the outer wheel 1 to form an inner spherical surface, and the inner spherical surface is provided with a plurality of outer ball grooves 12, An outer boss 13 is formed between the adjacent outer ball grooves 12, wherein at least one outer boss 13 is provided with a notch 14 on both sides thereof, and the notch 14 penetrates the outer boss 13 along the outer wheel 1 in the axial direction. .
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel 1 is provided with one or more teeth 16 or grooves suitable for chain or belt transmission; in the embodiment, the outer ball grooves 12 are 6 and uniform on the inner spherical surface of the outer wheel 1.
  • the outer ball groove 12 extends along the axis of the outer wheel 1 and forms a contact curved surface that is curved at a certain radius.
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel 1 is provided with a ring 16 for the chain drive.
  • the inner wheel 2 has an outer spherical surface, and the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel 2 is provided with an inner ball groove 21 equal to the outer ball groove 12, the inner ball groove
  • the groove 21 is evenly distributed on the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel 2, the inner ball groove 21 extends along the axis of the inner wheel 2, and forms a contact curved surface curved at a radius, and the adjacent inner ball groove of the inner wheel 2
  • Inner bosses 22 are formed between the two, wherein the outer sides of the at least one inner boss 22 are provided with outer chamfers 24.
  • the outer ball groove 12 and the inner ball groove 21 together form a ball guiding track, and the ball guiding track is provided with balls 5; the inner wheel 2 is provided with a spline hole 23 at the center.
  • a middle portion of the transmission shaft 4 is provided with a spline 41 adapted to the spline hole 23.
  • the transmission shaft 4 is disposed on the spline hole of the inner wheel 2.
  • 23 is connected to the inner wheel 2 via a spline 41.
  • the retainer 3 has an outer spherical surface that conforms to the inner spherical surface of the outer wheel 1, and the retainer 3 is provided with an inner central hole 31 for the retainer 3 An inner spherical surface is engaged with the outer spherical surface of the inner wheel 2, and the retainer 3 is provided with an equal number of the outer ball grooves 12 for accommodating and supporting the balls 5.
  • Loading window aperture 32. At least one of the loading window holes 32 has a rectangular shape, and the rectangular ball receiving window 32 is fitted with the outer boss 13 having the notch 14 when assembled.
  • the inner long two opposite sides of the rectangular ball loading window 32 are provided with an inner chamfer 33.
  • the radial width of the inner boss 22 of the inner wheel 2 is substantially equal to the axial width of the ball receiving opening 32 of the retainer 3, so that the operation of the device is more stable.
  • a pair of opposite outer bosses 13 in the outer wheel 1 are provided with notches 14 on the sides thereof.
  • a pair of opposite ball loading windows 32 are rectangular, and two rectangular ball loading windows are provided.
  • the two long sides of the inner side of the hole 32 are provided with an inner chamfer 33.
  • two opposite inner bosses 22 are provided with outer chamfers 24 on both sides.
  • the gap is provided with respect to one outer boss 13, a rectangular ball window 32, and one inner boss 22 is provided with an outer chamfer 24, and the damage of the structure of the outer wheel 1, the cage 3 and the inner wheel 2 is small, Will affect the integrity and stability of the device.
  • the notch 14 on the outer boss 13, the outer chamfer 24 on both sides of the inner boss 22, the rectangular ball window 32 on the cage 3, and the inner chamfer 33 on the inner side of the two long sides are both It is designed to facilitate the assembly of components.
  • the inner wheel 2 is vertically opposed to the cage 3, and the two inner bosses 22 of the inner wheel 2 provided with the outer chamfers 24 are aligned with the rectangular ball loading holes 32 on the cage 3, and The boss 22 is appropriately inserted into the rectangular ball receiving window 32, the inner wheel 2 and the holder 3 are rotated, and the inner wheel 2 is fitted into the holder 3.
  • the rectangular ball opening 32 of the holder 3 is aligned with the outer boss 13 provided with the notch 14, is fitted into the outer wheel 1, and then the holder 3 and the inner wheel 2 are rotated to make the outer wheel 1 is vertically aligned, and the outer ball groove 12, the ball receiving hole 32 and the inner ball groove 21 are at the same position, and then the holder 3 is inclined outward to expose the ball receiving hole 32, and the ball 5 is loaded.
  • the above-described ball loading operation is repeated in order to completely load the balls 5 to complete the assembly.
  • the present embodiment further includes a fixed race 6 for positioning the outer wheel 1, the fixed race 6 having an annular inner surface on which the inner ball is disposed.
  • a fixed race 6 for positioning the outer wheel 1, the fixed race 6 having an annular inner surface on which the inner ball is disposed.
  • an outer ball track groove 15 is disposed on both sides of one ring tooth 16 of the outer wheel 1, and an outer ball 7 is disposed between the inner ball track groove and the outer ball track groove 15.
  • the structure of the outer ball 7 and the fixed race 6 is similar to a ball bearing. When the outer ball 7 is covered with the entire outer ball track groove 15, the retainer is not required.
  • the outer ball 7 can also be fixed by a cage.
  • the fixing frame 104 is two clamping plates, and a gap is formed between the two clamping plates.
  • the teeth 16 on the outer wheel 1 are placed in the gap, and the fixed seats 6 on the two sides of the outer wheel 1 respectively
  • the two splints are fixedly connected, or the two fixed races 6 are directly formed on the two splints.
  • the transmission shaft 4 is disposed between the front forks 102 through bearings, and the first chain 110 passes through the slits and the outer wheels. 1 connection.
  • the front fork 102 rotates, and under the action of the universal joint type transmission wheel, the drive shaft 4 is free to rotate, while the second transmission wheel 113, the front wheel 107 front axle 115 and the front flywheel
  • the 106 are simultaneously deflected, so that their relative positions and relative angles are inconvenient, and the transmission of the second chain 105 is not affected, and the outer wheel 1 and the crank sprocket 109 are not deflected, and thus the transmission of the first chain 110 is not affected.
  • the lower tube of the frame has the same structure as the lower tube of the existing bicycle, and the installation position of the crank sprocket 109 is also the same as the prior art, and is located at the bottom of the frame 109.
  • the configuration of the first transmission wheel assembly 103 is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, the embodiment further includes setting in the setting.
  • the third transmission wheel assembly on the fixed frame 104 and a third chain 116, the third transmission wheel assembly including a third transmission wheel 112 and a linkage wheel 114 fixedly coupled by a linkage shaft 111, the third transmission wheel
  • the assembly is disposed on the fixed frame 104 through the linkage shaft 111 and the bearing, and the third transmission wheel 112 is located on the right side of the fixed frame 104, In the same plane as the crank sprocket 109, the linkage wheel 114 is located between the two splints on the same plane as the outer wheel 1, and the third transmission wheel 112 is drivingly connected to the crank sprocket 109 through the first chain 110.
  • the linkage wheel 114 is drivingly coupled to the outer wheel 1 via a third chain 116.
  • crank sprocket 109 and the first transmission wheel assembly 103 are not in the same plane is overcome by the third transmission wheel assembly.
  • the outer surface of the outer wheel 1 is provided with two turns of teeth 16, and between the two ring teeth 16, an outer ball track groove 15 is disposed, and the outer ball track groove 15 passes through
  • the annular fixed race 6 is provided with a plurality of outer balls 7, the outer wheel 1, the outer ball 7 and the fixed race 6 being similar in construction to the ball bearings.
  • the retainer is not required.
  • the outer ball 7 can also be fixed by a cage.
  • the third transmission wheel assembly includes a third transmission wheel 112 and two linkage wheels 114 fixedly coupled by a linkage shaft 111, and the third transmission wheel 112 is drivingly coupled to the crank sprocket 109 via a first chain 110, The two linkage wheels 114 are respectively drivingly coupled to the outer wheel 1 via a third chain 116.
  • the fixing frame 104 is a mounting plate, the fixing seat 6 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, or the fixing seat 6 is directly formed on the fixing frame 104.
  • the third transmission wheel assembly is fixed to the fixing frame 104 by bearings.
  • the two linkage wheels 114 are respectively located on two sides of the fixing frame 104, and are respectively located in the same plane as the two ring teeth 16 of the outer wheel 1.
  • the third transmission wheel 112 is located on the right side of the fixed frame 104 and is in the same plane as the crank sprocket 109.
  • the fixed race 6 is a split assembly.
  • the structure of the inner wheel 2, the cage 3, and other components is the same as that of the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • a differential double-drive bicycle as shown in FIG. 17 includes a frame 101, a front fork 102 disposed on the frame 101, a handlebar, a front wheel 107, and a rear wheel 117, and further includes a fixing frame 104 a first transmission wheel assembly 103 for front wheel drive on the front fork 102 and a second transmission wheel assembly 200 disposed at the bottom of the frame 101, the first transmission wheel assembly 103 being a universal joint type
  • the transmission wheel has the same structure as the first transmission wheel assembly 103 described in Embodiment 1, and will not be described herein.
  • the second transmission wheel assembly 200 is a differential transmission wheel, which includes a cross shaft 201 disposed on the center shaft 108 and four planetary gears 202 disposed on the cross shaft 201. And with the planet gear 202 The left transmission gear 203 and the right transmission gear 204 are fixed, and the left transmission gear 203 is fixed with a left sprocket 205, and the right transmission gear 204 is fixed with a right sprocket 206.
  • the collection points at the bottom of the frame 101 are all open and arranged to form a lantern-like structure.
  • the bottom tube 122 is two symmetrical sides, and the second transmission wheel assembly 200 is disposed between the two bottom tubes 122.
  • the middle shaft 108 is disposed in the bottom tube 122.
  • the crank shaft 120 is disposed at two ends of the central shaft 108, and the footrest 121 is disposed at the end of the crank 120.
  • the cross shaft 201 and the center shaft 108 are connected by a spline.
  • the left transmission gear 203 and the right transmission gear 204 are disposed on the left and right bottom pipes 122 through bearings.
  • the four planetary gears 202 are all bevel gears.
  • the left transmission gear 203 and the left sprocket 205 are welded, bolted or integrally formed, and the right transmission gear 204 and the right sprocket 206 are welded, bolted or integrally formed.
  • the left sprocket 205 is coupled to the outer wheel 1 of the first transmission wheel assembly 103 via a first chain 110.
  • the transmission shaft 4 is provided with a second transmission wheel 113, and the second transmission wheel 113 passes through the second chain 105.
  • the front flywheel 106 is coupled to the front flywheel 107; the right sprocket 206 is coupled to the rear flywheel 119 disposed on the rear axle 118 by a fourth chain 123.
  • the foot pedal 121 and the crank 120 drive the second transmission wheel assembly 200 to rotate, that is, the middle shaft 108 drives the cross shaft 201 to rotate, the cross shaft 201 drives the four planetary gears 202 to rotate, and the four planetary gears 202 drive the left transmission gear 203 and the right.
  • the transmission gear 204 rotates, and the left transmission gear 203 and the right transmission gear 204 realize power output through the left sprocket 205 and the right sprocket 206, respectively.
  • the entire second transmission wheel assembly 200 is a differential transmission wheel, the left sprocket 205 and the right sprocket 206 can achieve different rotational speed outputs to achieve simultaneous driving coordination of the front wheel 107 and the rear wheel 117.
  • the left sprocket 205 and the right sprocket 206 are provided with a cylindrical recess 207, and the bottom tube 122 is provided with a circular arc-shaped friction plate 208 corresponding to the inner wall of the groove 207, and the friction plate 208 One end is connected to the bottom tube 122, and the other end is connected to the screwing controller on the handlebar via a pull wire 209.
  • the screwing controller is a device for controlling the tightening and releasing of the wire 209.
  • the corresponding friction plate 208 rubs against the inner wall of the groove 207 to brake the corresponding sprocket, thereby being able to adjust and switch the front wheel.
  • the brake left sprocket is the bicycle for the rear drive
  • the brake right sprocket is the bicycle for the front drive
  • the brake is the double drive.
  • the fixing frame 104 includes a fixing frame main body 104-1, and the fixing frame main body 104-1 is provided with a clamping mechanism for clamping the first transmission wheel assembly 103.
  • the cavity, the holder main body 104-1 is provided with a hole for passing through the first chain 110.
  • the holder main body 104-1 is fixedly connected to the beam and the inclined beam of the frame 101.
  • the top and bottom of the holder main body 104-1 are fixedly provided with a support shaft 104-2, and a cross rod 102-1 is disposed between the front forks 102, and the fixing frame 104 is disposed at the top of the front fork 102.
  • the two support shafts 104-2 are respectively coupled to the top crossbar and the crossbar 102-1 of the front fork 102 by bearings.
  • the first transmission wheel assembly 103 is clamped by two outer mounting brackets 6 and then assembled into the cavity of the mounting bracket 104.
  • the two outer mounting brackets 6 are formed on two square clamping blocks, square The clamping is fast adapted to the cavity in the holder 104.
  • the structure of the front fork 102 is as shown in FIG. 22, and the handlebar is directly fixedly connected to the top end of the front fork 102, and the frame 101 does not include the first tube.
  • the handlebar controls the front fork 102 to rotate, and the fixed bracket 104 replaces the first tube, which functions as a first tube, which connects the cross member and the inclined beam of the frame 101, and supports the handlebar and the front fork 102, so that the handlebar and the front fork 102 are free.
  • Rotating, the upper end of the front fork 102 reserves the space for erecting the fixing frame 104 and the first transmission wheel assembly 103. Both ends of the transmission shaft 4 of the first transmission wheel assembly 103 are bridged between the front forks 102 by bearings.
  • Below the crossbar 102-1 is the front wheel 107.
  • the differential double-drive structure described in this embodiment can also be applied to a motorcycle, a tricycle or other vehicles.

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种前轮驱动自行车，其包括设置于前轴（115）上的飞轮（106）、设置于车架（101）上的固定架（104）、设置于固定架（104）上的第一传动轮总成（103）、与第一传动轮总成（103）同轴联动的第二传动轮（113）以及第二链条（105），曲柄链轮（109）通过第一链条（110）与第一传动轮总成（103）传动连接，第二传动轮（113）通过第二链条（105）和设置于前轴（115）上的飞轮（115）传动连接，所述第一传动轮总成（103）为万向节式传动轮。上述前轮驱动自行车能够实现前轮驱动前轮转向，在前轮的方向自由扭转过程中不会影响链条的稳定传动。还公开了一种前后轮同时驱动的差速双驱自行车，其通过旋拧控制器和拉线控制摩擦片（208）动作，实现前驱、后驱、双驱的控制和调整。

Description

前驱自行车及差速双驱自行车 技术领域
本发明涉及自行车领域，具体为一种前驱自行车和一种差速双驱自行车。
背景技术
现有技术中的自行车全部都是后轮驱动，曲柄链轮和后轮轴上的前飞轮通过链条传动连接，由于前轮转向，后轮不能左右偏转，因此曲柄链轮和前飞轮的相对位置和角度不发生变化，链条稳定的进行传动，不会和链轮脱离。
现有的自行车中，山地车和公路赛自行车都是使骑行者身体前驱俯身进行骑行，但是由于自行车为后轮驱动，骑行者俯身时会有不稳定感，影响骑行的感觉并且使骑行速度受到了局限。
但是要想实现前轮驱动，同时通过前轮转向，需要将前飞轮安装到前轴上，并且必须克服由于曲柄链轮和前飞轮之间的相对位置和角度的变化带来链条脱落的问题。
另外，现有的自行车和摩托车都是后轮驱动，而通过一个动力输出端和链条传动机构实现前后轮同时驱动，仍是一个需要克服的难题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服上述技术难题，提供一种前驱自行车。本发明还提供一种能够实现前轮驱动、后轮驱动或两轮同时驱动并且协调性好的差速双驱自行车。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种前驱自行车，其包括车架、前叉、车把、前轮、后轮、前轴、中轴、曲柄链轮以及第一链条，其关键技术在于：
还包括设置于前轴上的前飞轮、设置于车架上的固定架、设置于固定架上的第一传动轮总成、与第一传动轮总成同轴联动的第二传动轮以及第二链条，所述曲柄链轮通过第一链条与第一传动轮总成传动连接，第二传动轮通过第二链条和设置于前轴上的前飞轮传动连接；
所述第一传动轮总成为万向节式传动轮，其包括；
具有一中心孔的外轮，该中心孔限定所述外轮形成一个内球形表面，所述内球形表面上设置有多个外球沟槽，所述外轮外表面设置有适于链条传动的一圈以上的轮齿；
设置于所述外轮的中心孔内、具有外球形表面的内轮，所述内轮的外球形表面设置有与所述外球沟槽等数的内球沟槽，所述外球沟槽和内球沟槽共同形成球导引轨道，所述内轮中心设置有花键孔；
中部设置有花键的传动轴，所述花键与所述花键孔相适配，所述传动轴设置于内轮的花键孔内并通过花键与内轮连接；
与所述外球沟槽等数的滚珠，所述滚珠设置于所述球导引轨道内；
以及设置于所述外轮的内球形表面和内轮的外球形表面之间的保持架，所述保持架上设置有与所述外球沟槽等数的用于容纳和支撑滚珠的装球窗孔；
其中，所述外轮可旋转的夹持于固定架上。
进一步的，还包括设置于设置于固定架上的第三传动轮总成以及第三链条，所述曲柄链轮通过第一链条与第三传动轮总成传动连接，第三传动轮总成通过第三链条与第一传动轮总成传动连接，第二传动轮通过第二链条和设置于前轴上的前飞轮传动连接。
作为优选，所述的万向节式传动轮还包括用于使外轮定位的固定座圈，所述固定座圈与固定架固定连接；
所述固定座圈具有一环形内表面，所述环形内表面上设置有内滚珠轨道槽，所述外轮的一圈轮齿的两侧、或两圈轮齿之间设置有外滚珠轨道槽，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽之间设置有外滚珠。
作为优选，所述的外轮的一圈轮齿的两侧、或两圈轮齿之间设置有外滚珠轨道槽，所述固定架上设置有与所述外滚珠轨道槽相对应的内滚珠轨道槽，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽之间设置有外滚珠。
作为优选，所述的万向节式传动轮的传动轴设置于前叉之间。
作为优选，所述万向节式传动轮的外轮的外表面设置有一圈轮齿，所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴固定联接的第一传动轮和联动轮，所述第一传动轮通过第一链条与曲柄链轮传动连接，所述联动轮通过第三链条和外轮传动连接。
作为优选，所述万向节式传动轮的外轮的外表面设置有两圈轮齿，所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴固定联接的第一传动轮和两个联动轮，所述第一传动轮通过第一链条与曲柄链轮传动连接，所述两个联动轮分别通过一第三链条和外轮传动连接。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述万向节式传动轮的外轮的相邻外球沟槽之间形成外凸台，其中，至少有一个外凸台的两侧设置有缺口，所述保持架的装球窗孔中，至少有一个装球窗孔呈矩形，所述矩形的装球窗孔与所述具有缺口的一组外凸台相适配。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述万向节式传动轮的内轮的相邻内球沟槽之间形成内凸台，其中，至少一个内凸台的两侧边设置有外倒角。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述保持架的矩形装球窗孔的内侧两长对边设置有内倒 角。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外球沟槽的数量为6或8个。
一种差速双驱自行车，其包括车架、设置在车架上的前叉、车把、前轮和后轮，其关键技术在于：还包括通过固定架设置于车架上的第一传动轮总成和设置在车架底部的第二传动轮总成；
所述第一传动轮总成为万向节式传动轮，其包括；
具有一中心孔的外轮，该中心孔限定所述外轮形成一个内球形表面，所述内球形表面上设置有多个外球沟槽，所述外轮外表面设置有适于链条传动的一圈轮齿；
设置于所述外轮的中心孔内、具有外球形表面的内轮，所述内轮的外球形表面设置有与所述外球沟槽等数的内球沟槽，所述外球沟槽和内球沟槽共同形成球导引轨道，所述内轮中心设置有花键孔；
中部设置有花键的传动轴，所述花键与所述花键孔相适配，所述传动轴设置于内轮的花键孔内并通过花键与内轮连接；
与所述外球沟槽等数的滚珠，所述滚珠设置于所述球导引轨道内；
以及设置于所述外轮的内球形表面和内轮的外球形表面之间的保持架，所述保持架上设置有与所述外球沟槽等数的用于容纳和支撑滚珠的装球窗孔；
其中，所述外轮可旋转的夹持于固定架上，所述传动轴两端与前叉可转动连接；
所述第二传动轮总成为差速器式传动轮，其包括：
设置在中轴上的十字轴、设置在十字轴上的四个行星齿轮以及与所述行星齿轮啮合的左传动齿轮和右传动齿轮，所述左传动齿轮上固设有左链轮，所述右传动齿轮上固设有右链轮，所述左传动齿轮和右传动齿轮通过轴承设置在安装中轴的底管上；
所述左链轮通过第一链条与所述外轮连接，所述传动轴上设置有第二传动轮，所述第二传动轮通过第二链条与设置在前轴上的前飞轮连接；
所述右链轮通过第四链条与设置在后轴上的后飞轮连接。
进一步的，所述的万向节式传动轮还包括用于使外轮定位的固定座圈，所述固定座圈与固定架固定连接或成型于固定架上；
所述固定座圈具有一环形内表面，所述环形内表面上设置有内滚珠轨道槽，所述外轮的一圈轮齿的两侧设置有外滚珠轨道槽，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽之间设置有外滚珠。
进一步的，所述万向节式传动轮的外轮的相邻外球沟槽之间形成外凸台，其中，至少有一个外凸台的两侧设置有缺口，所述保持架的装球窗孔中，至少有一个装球窗孔呈矩 形，所述矩形的装球窗孔与所述具有缺口的一组外凸台相适配。
进一步的，所述万向节式传动轮的内轮的相邻内球沟槽之间形成内凸台，其中，至少一个内凸台的两侧边设置有外倒角。
进一步的，所述保持架的矩形装球窗孔的内侧两长对边设置有内倒角。
进一步的，所述的左链轮和右链轮上设置有圆柱形凹槽，所述底管上设置有与所述凹槽内壁对应的圆弧形摩擦片，所述摩擦片一端与底管连接，另一端通过拉线与车把上的旋拧控制器连接。
进一步的，所述的固定架包括固定架主体，所述固定架主体上设置有用于夹持第一传动轮总成的型腔，所述固定架主体上开设有用于穿过第一链条的孔道。
进一步的，所述固定架主体与车架的横梁和斜梁固定连接。
进一步的，所述的固定架主体的顶部和底部固定设置有支撑轴，所述支撑轴与前叉上的支撑装置可转动连接。
进一步的，所述的前叉上设置有横杆，所述两支撑轴分别与前叉顶部和横杆通过轴承连接。
本发明的积极效果如下：
本发明通过对等速万向节的结构进行调整，在外轮的外表面周缘设置有适合链条或者皮带传动的轮齿，这样就使外轮的动力来源发生了根本的改变，可以通过与外轮位于同一平面上的链条或者皮带进行传动，而外轮设置的外中心孔，使之两侧开口，穿设于内轮中心的传动轴则为一个通轴，这样通过该传动轴可以与自行车或者摩托车的前轮传动连接。通过设置固定座圈，使外轮的位置和角度固定，而传动轴通过内轮可在外轮内自由转动。
将上述结构应用于自行车上，能够实现前轮驱动前轮转向，并且稳定性好，在前轮的方向自由扭转过程中不会影响链条的稳定传动。
将车架的下管设计成开叉结构，可使曲柄链轮居中设置，避免曲柄链轮对裤管的摩擦和卷入，结构新颖。
通过设置第三传动轮总成，可以在不改变传统车架结构和曲柄链轮安装位置的情况下实现曲柄链轮和第一传动轮总成的链条传动，结构简单、使用过程稳定性强。
本发明所提供的差速双驱自行车，利用万向节式的第一传动轮总成和差速器式的第二传动轮总成实现了前轮和后轮同时驱动，并且协调性好。
该差速双驱自行车中能够通过专门设置的旋拧控制器和拉线控制摩擦片动作，从而实现前驱、后驱、双驱的控制和调整。
该差速双驱自行车中所提供的固定架的结构以及安装方式，更加稳固合理，并且占用较小的空间，使车子整体结构简洁美观。固定架的上下端通过支撑轴和轴承与前叉连接，对前叉起到支撑作用，既不影响前叉的转动，也使得固定架结构更加稳定，从而使第一传动轮总成的安装结构更稳定。
附图说明
附图1为本发明实施例1的结构示意图。
附图2为第一传动轮总成的结构示意图。
附图3为第一传动轮总成外轮的结构示意图。
附图4为第一传动轮总成外轮另一视角的结构示意图。
附图5为第一传动轮总成内轮的结构示意图。
附图6为第一传动轮总成传动轴的结构示意图。
附图7为第一传动轮总成保持架的结构示意图。
附图8为第一传动轮总成的剖视结构示意图。
附图9为外轮加装固定座圈和外滚珠的结构示意图。
附图10为本发明固定座圈的结构示意图。
附图11为本发明实施例2的结构示意图。
附图12为本发明实施例2另一视角的结构示意图。
附图13为本发明实施例3的结构示意图。
附图14为本发明实施例3中第三传动轮总成的结构示意图。
附图15为实施例3中第一传动轮总成的结构示意图。
附图16为实施例3中外轮的剖视局部结构示意图。
附图17为差速双驱自行车的结构示意图。
附图18为第二传动轮总成的结构示意图。
附图19为第二传动轮总成的爆炸结构示意图。
附图20为固定架的安装结构示意图。
附图21为固定架的结构示意图。
附图22为前叉的结构示意图。
附图23为第一传动轮总成与外固定架的结构示意图。
在附图1-16中：101车架、102前叉、103第一传动轮总成、104固定架、105第二链条、106前飞轮、107前轮、108中轴、109曲柄链轮、110第一链条、111联动轴、112第 三传动轮、113第二传动轮、114联动轮、115前轴、116第三链条；
1外轮、11外中心孔、12外球沟槽、13外凸台、14缺口、15外滚珠轨道槽、16轮齿、2内轮、21内球沟槽、22内凸台、23花键孔、24外倒角、3保持架、31内中心孔、32装球窗孔、33内倒角、4传动轴、41花键、5滚珠、6外固定架、7外滚珠。
在附图17-23中：101车架、102前叉、102-1横杆、103第一传动轮总成、104固定架、104-1固定架主体、104-2支撑轴、105第二链条、106前飞轮、107前轮、108中轴、110第一链条、113第二传动轮、115前轴、117后轮、118后轴、119后飞轮、120曲柄、121脚踏板、122底管、123第四链条；
200第二传动轮总成、201十字轴、202行星齿轮、203左传动齿轮、204右传动齿轮、205左链轮、206右链轮、207凹槽、208摩擦片、209拉线。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的描述。其中，附图和具体的实施例仅用于帮助理解本发明的内容，并非用于对本发明技术方案的限定。本领域技术人员应当理解，附图中未示出的技术特征为现有技术。在脱离本发明精神的情况下做出的显而易见的改动，均应当认为属于本发明保护范围。
实施例1
如附图1所示的一种前驱自行车，其包括车架101、前叉102、车把、前轮、107、后轮、前轴115、中轴108、曲柄链轮109以及第一链条110等，其关键技术在于，还包括设置于前轴115上的前飞轮106、设置于车架101上的固定架104、设置于固定架104上的第一传动轮总成103、与第一传动轮总成103同轴联动的第二传动轮113以及第二链条105，所述曲柄链轮109通过第一链条110与第一传动轮总成103传动连接，第二传动轮113通过第二链条105和设置于前轴115上的前飞轮106传动连接。其中，自行车的后轮、后轴、车座、坐管、脚蹬等不是发明点所在，因此图未示出。
其中，所述车架101包括上管、下管、首管以及坐管(图未示出)，所述下管开叉，用于安装曲柄链轮109，固定架104通过首管和下管固定设置于前叉102之间。曲柄链轮109、后轮以及第一传动轮总成103位于同一平面，方便链条安装。
如附图2、8所示，所述第一传动轮总成103为万向节式传动轮，其包括：两侧开口的外轮1、套置于外轮1内的内轮2、嵌置于外轮1和内轮2之间的滚珠5、设置于外轮1和内轮2之间用于限定滚珠5的保持架3以及穿过内轮中心与内轮2同时旋转的传动轴4，所述内轮2位于传动轴4的中间部位。本发明所述的外轮1的外表面设置有轮齿16或者沟 槽，轮齿16或沟槽的设置，便于外轮1作为被动轮接收来自链条或者皮带的传动动力而转动，然后滚珠5将外轮1的动力传递到内轮2，传动轴4与内轮2同步旋转，传动轴4将动力输出。
如附图3、4所示，所述外轮1具有一中心孔11，该中心孔11限定所述外轮1形成一个内球形表面，所述内球形表面上设置有多个外球沟槽12，所述的相邻外球沟槽12之间形成外凸台13，其中，至少有一个外凸台13的两侧设置有缺口14，所述缺口14沿外轮1轴向贯穿该外凸台13。所述外轮1外表面设置有适于链条或皮带传动的一圈以上的轮齿16或沟槽；本实施例中，所述外球沟槽12为6条并在外轮1的内球形表面均匀分布，所述外球沟槽12沿外轮1的轴线延伸，并且形成以一定半径弯曲的接触曲面；本实施例中，外轮1外表面设置有一圈适于链条传动的轮齿16。
如附图5所示，所述内轮2具有外球形表面，所述内轮2的外球形表面设置有与所述外球沟槽12等数的内球沟槽21，所述内球沟槽21在内轮2的外球形表面均匀分布，所述内球沟槽21沿内轮2的轴线延伸，并且形成以一定半径弯曲的接触曲面，所述内轮2的相邻内球沟槽21之间形成内凸台22，其中，至少一个内凸台22的两侧边设置有外倒角24。所述外球沟槽12和内球沟槽21共同形成球导引轨道，所述球形导引轨道内设置有滚珠5；所述内轮2中心设置有花键孔23。
如附图6所示，所述传动轴4中部设置有与所述花键孔23相适配的花键41，如图1所示，所述传动轴4设置于内轮2的花键孔23内并通过花键41与内轮2连接。
如附图7所示，所述保持架3具有与所述外轮1的内球形表面相契合的外球形表面，所述保持架3设置有一内中心孔31，该内中心孔31使保持架3具有一内球形表面，该内球形表面与所述内轮2的外球形表面相契合，所述保持架3上设置有与所述外球沟槽12等数的用于容纳和支撑滚珠5的装球窗孔32。所述装球窗孔32中，至少有一个装球窗孔32呈矩形，该矩形装球窗孔32在装配时与所述具有缺口14的外凸台13相适配。所述矩形装球窗孔32的内侧两长对边设置有内倒角33。
优选的，本实施例中，内轮2的内凸台22径向的宽度大体与保持架3的装球窗孔32的轴向宽度相当，这样装置的运转更加平稳。外轮1中的一组相对的外凸台13的两侧设置有缺口14，保持架3的装球窗孔32中，一组相对的装球窗口32呈矩形，并且两个矩形的装球窗孔32内侧两长对边均设置有内倒角33，内轮2的内凸台22中，两个相对的内凸台22两侧设置有外倒角24。这样，相对于一个外凸台13设置缺口、一个矩形装球窗孔32以及一个内凸台22设置外倒角24，对外轮1、保持架3以及内轮2结构的破坏程度要小，不 会影响装置的整体性和稳定性。
其中，所述的外凸台13上的缺口14、内凸台22两侧的外倒角24、保持架3上的矩形装球窗孔32以及其内侧两长对边的内倒角33均是为了方便各组件装配在一起所设置。在装配过程中，内轮2与保持架3垂直相对，将内轮2的两个设置有外倒角24的内凸台22对准保持架3上的矩形装球窗孔32，并将内凸台22适当插入到矩形装球窗孔32中，旋转内轮2和保持架3，将内轮2装配到保持架3内。然后用同样的方式，保持架3的矩形装球窗孔32对准设置有缺口14的外凸台13，将其装入到外轮1内，然后旋转保持架3和内轮2使其与外轮1垂直吻合，并使外球沟槽12、装球窗孔32和内球沟槽21处于相同的位置，然后将保持架3向外侧倾斜使装球窗孔32露出，将滚珠5装入，依次重复上述装球的操作可将滚珠5全部装入，完成装配。
如附图9、10所示，本实施例中，还包括用于使外轮1定位的固定座圈6，所述固定座圈6具有一环形内表面，所述环形内表面上设置有内滚珠轨道槽，所述外轮1的一圈轮齿16的两侧设置有外滚珠轨道槽15，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽15之间设置有外滚珠7。外滚珠7和固定座圈6的结构类似于滚珠轴承。所述外滚珠7在布满整个外滚珠轨道槽15时，则不需要保持架。也可通过保持架来固定外滚珠7。
如附图1所示，所述固定架104为两块夹板，两夹板之间形成空隙，外轮1上的轮齿16置于所述缝隙中，所述外轮1两侧的固定座圈6分别与两个夹板固定连接，或者两个固定座圈6直接成型于两个夹板上即可，所述传动轴4通过轴承设置于前叉102之间，所述第一链条110通过该缝隙与外轮1连接。
通过上述的结构，在使用车把转向时，前叉102转动，在万向节式传动轮的作用下，传动轴4自由转动，同时第二传动轮113、前轮107前轴115以及前飞轮106都同步偏转，因此他们的相对位置与相对角度不便，不会影响第二链条105的传动，而外轮1和曲柄链轮109不会偏转，因此也不影响第一链条110的传动。
实施例2
如附图11和附图12所示，本实施例中，车架的下管与现有自行车的下管结构相同，曲柄链轮109的安装位置也与现有技术相同，位于车架109底部的右侧，但是所述的固定架104的结构与实施例1中相同，所述的第一传动轮总成103的安装位置也与实施例1相同，因此，本实施例还包括设置于设置于固定架104上的第三传动轮总成以及第三链条116，所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴111固定联接的第三传动轮112和联动轮114，所述第三传动轮总成通过联动轴111和轴承设置于固定架104上，第三传动轮112位于固定架104的右侧、 与曲柄链轮109位于同一平面，所述联动轮114位于两个夹板之间、与外轮1在同一平面上，所述第三传动轮112通过第一链条110与曲柄链轮109传动连接，所述联动轮114通过第三链条116和外轮1传动连接。
通过第三传动轮总成克服了曲柄链轮109与第一传动轮总成103不在同一平面的问题。
实施例3
如附图13-16所示，本实施例中，外轮1的外表面设置有两圈轮齿16，两圈轮齿16之间设置有外滚珠轨道槽15，外滚珠轨道槽15上通过一环形的固定座圈6套装有若干外滚珠7，外轮1、外滚珠7和固定座圈6的结构类似于滚珠轴承。所述外滚珠7在布满整个外滚珠轨道槽15时，则不需要保持架。也可通过保持架来固定外滚珠7。所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴111固定联接的第三传动轮112和两个联动轮114，所述第三传动轮112通过第一链条110与曲柄链轮109传动连接，所述两个联动轮114分别通过一第三链条116和外轮1传动连接。
本实施例中，所述的固定架104为一块安装板，所述固定座圈6与该安装板固定连接，或所述固定座圈6直接成型于固定架104上。所述第三传动轮总成通过轴承固定于固定架104上，两个联动轮114分别位于固定架104两侧，且分别与外轮1的两圈轮齿16位于同一平面。所述第三传动轮112位于固定架104的右侧、与曲柄链轮109位于同一平面。
其中，为了方便固定座圈6和外滚珠7的装配，两圈轮齿16中至少一圈与外轮1不是一体成型，需要另外装配，或者两圈轮齿16均与外轮1一体成型，固定连接，但是固定座圈6为分体式装配。
本实施例中，内轮2、保持架3以及其他部件的结构与实施例1相同，此处不再赘述。
实施例4
如附图17所示的一种差速双驱自行车，其包括车架101、设置在车架101上的前叉102、车把、前轮107和后轮117，还包括通过固定架104设置于前叉102上的用于实现前轮驱动的第一传动轮总成103和设置在车架101底部的第二传动轮总成200，所述第一传动轮总成103为万向节式传动轮，其结构与实施例1中所述的第一传动轮总成103相同，此处不再赘述。
如附图18所示，所述第二传动轮总成200为差速器式传动轮，其包括：设置在中轴108上的十字轴201、设置在十字轴201上的四个行星齿轮202以及与所述行星齿轮202啮 合的左传动齿轮203和右传动齿轮204，所述左传动齿轮203上固设有左链轮205，所述右传动齿轮204上固设有右链轮206。所述的车架101底部汇集点均开叉设置，形成灯笼状结构，所述底管122为左右对称的两个，所述的第二传动轮总成200架设在两底管122之间。所述中轴108穿设在底管122内，中轴108两端设置有曲柄120，曲柄120端部设置有脚踏板121。所述的十字轴201与中轴108通过花键连接。所述的左传动齿轮203和右传动齿轮204通过轴承设置在左右两个底管122上。
所述的四个行星齿轮202均为伞齿轮。所述左传动齿轮203和左链轮205焊接、通过螺栓连接或一体成型，所述右传动齿轮204和右链轮206焊接、通过螺栓连接或一体成型。
所述左链轮205通过第一链条110与第一传动轮总成103的外轮1连接，所述传动轴4上设置有第二传动轮113，所述第二传动轮113通过第二链条105与设置在前轴107上的前飞轮106连接；所述右链轮206通过第四链条123与设置在后轴118上的后飞轮119连接。
脚踏板121和曲柄120驱动第二传动轮总成200转动，即中轴108带动十字轴201转动，十字轴201带动四个行星齿轮202转动，四个行星齿轮202带动左传动齿轮203和右传动齿轮204转动，左传动齿轮203和右传动齿轮204分别通过左链轮205和右链轮206实现动力输出。并且由于整个第二传动轮总成200为差速器式传动轮，因此左链轮205和右链轮206可以实现不同的转速输出，以实现前轮107和后轮117同时驱动的协调性。
所述的左链轮205和右链轮206上设置有圆柱形凹槽207，所述底管122上设置有与所述凹槽207内壁对应的圆弧形摩擦片208，所述摩擦片208一端与底管122连接，另一端通过拉线209与车把上的旋拧控制器连接。所述旋拧控制器为控制拉线209收紧和放开的装置，当拉线209收紧，相应的摩擦片208与凹槽207内壁摩擦，使相应的链轮制动，从而能够调整和切换前驱和后驱，制动左链轮则自行车为后驱，制动右链轮则自行车为前驱，都不制动则为双驱。
如附图20和21所示，本实施例中，所述的固定架104包括固定架主体104-1，所述固定架主体104-1上设置有用于夹持第一传动轮总成103的型腔，所述固定架主体104-1上开设有用于穿过第一链条110的孔道。所述固定架主体104-1与车架101的横梁和斜梁固定连接。所述的固定架主体104-1的顶部和底部固定设置有支撑轴104-2，所述的前叉102之间设置有横杆102-1，所述固定架104设置在前叉102的顶部横杆和横杆102-1之间，所述两支撑轴104-2分别与前叉102顶部横杆和横杆102-1通过轴承连接。
参见附图23所示，第一传动轮总成103通过两外固定架6夹持，然后装配到固定架104的型腔当中，两外固定架6成型于两个方形夹持块上，方形夹持快与固定架104内的型腔相适配。
本实施例中，所述前叉102的结构如附图22所示，车把直接与前叉102顶端固定连接，车架101不包括首管。车把控制前叉102转动，固定架104代替首管，起到了首管的功能，其连接车架101的横梁和斜梁，并且支撑车把和前叉102，使车把和前叉102自由转动，前叉102上端预留架设固定架104和第一传动轮总成103的空间。第一传动轮总成103的传动轴4两端通过轴承架设在前叉102之间。横杆102-1下方为前轮107。
本实施例中所述的差速双驱结构也可应用于摩托车、三轮车或者其他车辆上。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种前驱自行车，其包括车架(101)、前叉(102)、车把、前轮(107)、后轮、前轴(115)、中轴(108)、曲柄链轮(109)以及第一链条(110)，其特征在于：
    还包括设置于前轴(115)上的前飞轮(106)、设置于车架(101)上的固定架(104)、设置于固定架(104)上的第一传动轮总成(103)、与第一传动轮总成(103)同轴联动的第二传动轮(113)以及第二链条(105)，所述曲柄链轮(109)通过第一链条(110)与第一传动轮总成(103)传动连接，第二传动轮(113)通过第二链条(105)和设置于前轴(115)上的前飞轮(106)传动连接；
    所述第一传动轮总成(103)为万向节式传动轮，其包括；
    具有一中心孔(11)的外轮(1)，该中心孔(11)限定所述外轮(1)形成一个内球形表面，所述内球形表面上设置有多个外球沟槽(12)，所述外轮(1)外表面设置有适于链条传动的一圈以上的轮齿(16)；
    设置于所述外轮(1)的中心孔(11)内、具有外球形表面的内轮(2)，所述内轮(2)的外球形表面设置有与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的内球沟槽(21)，所述外球沟槽(12)和内球沟槽(21)共同形成球导引轨道，所述内轮(2)中心设置有花键孔(23)；
    中部设置有花键(41)的传动轴(4)，所述花键(41)与所述花键孔(23)相适配，所述传动轴(4)设置于内轮(2)的花键孔(23)内并通过花键(41)与内轮(2)连接；
    与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的滚珠(5)，所述滚珠(5)设置于所述球导引轨道内；
    以及设置于所述外轮(1)的内球形表面和内轮(2)的外球形表面之间的保持架(3)，所述保持架(3)上设置有与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的用于容纳和支撑滚珠(5)的装球窗孔(32)；
    其中，所述外轮(1)可旋转的夹持于固定架(104)上。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：还包括设置于设置于固定架(104)上的第三传动轮总成以及第三链条(116)，所述曲柄链轮(109)通过第一链条(110)与第三传动轮总成传动连接，第三传动轮总成通过第三链条(116)与第一传动轮总成(103)传动连接，第二传动轮(113)通过第二链条(105)和设置于前轴(115)上的前飞轮(106)传动连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的万向节式传动轮还包括用于使外轮(1)定位的固定座圈(6)，所述固定座圈(6)与固定架(104)固定连接；
    所述固定座圈(6)具有一环形内表面，所述环形内表面上设置有内滚珠轨道槽，所述外轮(1)的一圈轮齿(16)的两侧、或两圈轮齿(16)之间设置有外滚珠轨道槽(15)，所述内 滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽(15)之间设置有外滚珠(7)。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的外轮1的一圈轮齿(16)的两侧、或两圈轮齿(16)之间设置有外滚珠轨道槽(15)，所述固定架(104)上设置有与所述外滚珠轨道槽(15)相对应的内滚珠轨道槽，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽(15)之间设置有外滚珠(7)。
  5. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的万向节式传动轮的传动轴(4)设置于前叉(102)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮的外轮(1)的外表面设置有一圈轮齿(16)，所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴(111)固定联接的第三传动轮(112)和联动轮(114)，所述第三传动轮(112)通过第一链条(110)与曲柄链轮(109)传动连接，所述联动轮(114)通过第三链条(116)和外轮(1)传动连接。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮的外轮(1)的外表面设置有两圈轮齿(16)，所述第三传动轮总成包括通过联动轴(111)固定联接的第三传动轮(112)和两个联动轮(114)，所述第三传动轮(112)通过第一链条(110)与曲柄链轮(109)传动连接，所述两个联动轮(114)分别通过一第三链条(116)和外轮(1)传动连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮的外轮(1)的相邻外球沟槽(12)之间形成外凸台(13)，其中，至少有一个外凸台(13)的两侧设置有缺口(14)，所述保持架(3)的装球窗孔(32)中，至少有一个装球窗孔(32)呈矩形，所述矩形的装球窗孔(32)与所述具有缺口(14)的一组外凸台(13)相适配。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮的内轮(2)的相邻内球沟槽(21)之间形成内凸台(22)，其中，至少一个内凸台(22)的两侧边设置有外倒角(24)。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的一种前驱自行车，其特征在于：所述保持架(3)的矩形装球窗孔(32)的内侧两长对边设置有内倒角(33)。
  11. 一种差速双驱自行车，其包括车架(101)、设置在车架(101)上的前叉(102)、车把、前轮(107)和后轮(117)，其特征在于：
    还包括通过固定架(104)设置于车架(101)上的第一传动轮总成(103)和设置在车架(101)底部的第二传动轮总成(200)；
    所述第一传动轮总成(103)为万向节式传动轮，其包括；
    具有一中心孔(11)的外轮(1)，该中心孔(11)限定所述外轮(1)形成一个内球形表面，所述内球形表面上设置有多个外球沟槽(12)，所述外轮(1)外表面设置有适于链条传动的一圈轮齿(16)；
    设置于所述外轮(1)的中心孔(11)内、具有外球形表面的内轮(2)，所述内轮(2)的外球形表面设置有与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的内球沟槽(21)，所述外球沟槽(12)和内球沟槽(21)共同形成球导引轨道，所述内轮(2)中心设置有花键孔(23)；
    中部设置有花键(41)的传动轴(4)，所述花键(41)与所述花键孔(23)相适配，所述传动轴(4)设置于内轮(2)的花键孔(23)内并通过花键(41)与内轮(2)连接；
    与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的滚珠(5)，所述滚珠(5)设置于所述球导引轨道内；
    以及设置于所述外轮(1)的内球形表面和内轮(2)的外球形表面之间的保持架(3)，所述保持架(3)上设置有与所述外球沟槽(12)等数的用于容纳和支撑滚珠(5)的装球窗孔(32)；
    其中，所述外轮(1)可旋转的夹持于固定架(104)上，所述传动轴(4)两端与前叉(102)可转动连接；
    所述第二传动轮总成为差速器式传动轮，其包括：
    设置在中轴(108)上的十字轴(201)、设置在十字轴(201)上的四个行星齿轮(202)以及与所述行星齿轮(202)啮合的左传动齿轮(203)和右传动齿轮(204)，所述左传动齿轮(203)上固设有左链轮(205，所述右传动齿轮(204)上固设有右链轮(206)，所述左传动齿轮(203)和右传动齿轮(204)通过轴承设置在安装中轴(108)的底管(122)上；
    所述左链轮(205)通过第一链条(110)与所述外轮(1)连接，所述传动轴(4)上设置有第二传动轮(113)，所述第二传动轮(113)通过第二链条(105)与设置在前轴(107)上的前飞轮(106)连接；
    所述右链轮(206)通过第四链条(123)与设置在后轴(118)上的后飞轮(119)连接。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的万向节式传动轮还包括用于使外轮(1)定位的固定座圈(6)，所述固定座圈(6)与固定架(104)固定连接或成型于固定架(104)上；
    所述固定座圈(6)具有一环形内表面，所述环形内表面上设置有内滚珠轨道槽，所述外轮(1)的一圈轮齿(16)的两侧设置有外滚珠轨道槽(15)，所述内滚珠轨道槽和外滚珠轨道槽(15)之间设置有外滚珠(7)。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮 的外轮(1)的相邻外球沟槽(12)之间形成外凸台(13)，其中，至少有一个外凸台(13)的两侧设置有缺口(14)，所述保持架(3)的装球窗孔(32)中，至少有一个装球窗孔(32)呈矩形，所述矩形的装球窗孔(32)与所述具有缺口(14)的一组外凸台(13)相适配。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述万向节式传动轮的内轮(2)的相邻内球沟槽(21)之间形成内凸台(22)，其中，至少一个内凸台(22)的两侧边设置有外倒角(24)。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述保持架(3)的矩形装球窗孔(32)的内侧两长对边设置有内倒角(33)。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的左链轮(205)和右链轮(206)上设置有圆柱形凹槽(207)，所述底管(122)上设置有与所述凹槽(207)内壁对应的圆弧形摩擦片(208)，所述摩擦片(208)一端与底管(122)连接，另一端通过拉线(209)与车把上的旋拧控制器连接。
  17. 根据权利要求11所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的固定架(104)包括固定架主体(104-1)，所述固定架主体(104-1)上设置有用于夹持第一传动轮总成(103)的型腔，所述固定架主体(104-1)上开设有用于穿过第一链条(110)的孔道。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述固定架主体(104-1)与车架(101)的横梁和斜梁固定连接。
  19. 根据权利要求17或18所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的固定架主体(104-1)的顶部和底部固定设置有支撑轴(104-2)，所述支撑轴(104-2)与前叉(102)上的支撑装置可转动连接。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种差速双驱自行车，其特征在于：所述的前叉(102)上设置有横杆(102-1)，所述两支撑轴(104-2)分别与前叉(102)顶部和横杆(102-1)通过轴承连接。
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