WO2016037524A1 - 无线通信设备和无线通信方法 - Google Patents

无线通信设备和无线通信方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016037524A1
WO2016037524A1 PCT/CN2015/088000 CN2015088000W WO2016037524A1 WO 2016037524 A1 WO2016037524 A1 WO 2016037524A1 CN 2015088000 W CN2015088000 W CN 2015088000W WO 2016037524 A1 WO2016037524 A1 WO 2016037524A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication device
wireless communication
antenna array
antenna
channel
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PCT/CN2015/088000
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈晋辉
Original Assignee
索尼公司
陈晋辉
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 索尼公司, 陈晋辉 filed Critical 索尼公司
Priority to EP15839191.2A priority Critical patent/EP3193462B1/en
Priority to US15/328,663 priority patent/US10116365B2/en
Priority to JP2017514269A priority patent/JP6409961B2/ja
Publication of WO2016037524A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016037524A1/zh
Priority to US16/136,012 priority patent/US10348376B2/en
Priority to US16/458,882 priority patent/US10623071B2/en
Priority to US16/783,180 priority patent/US10826582B2/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/046—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account
    • H04B7/0469—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting taking physical layer constraints into account taking special antenna structures, e.g. cross polarized antennas into account
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0456—Selection of precoding matrices or codebooks, e.g. using matrices antenna weighting
    • H04B7/0478—Special codebook structures directed to feedback optimisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0626—Channel coefficients, e.g. channel state information [CSI]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates generally to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a wireless communication device and a wireless communication method that participate in wireless communication using an antenna array.
  • multi-antenna systems As a technology for meeting the high-speed, large-capacity, and reliable transmission requirements of mobile communication systems, multi-antenna systems have been extensively studied in recent years. Studies have shown that multi-antenna systems can provide higher capacity than traditional single-antenna systems, and under certain conditions, their capacity increases linearly with the number of antennas.
  • An antenna array is a multi-antenna system composed of a plurality of identical antenna elements arranged in a regular pattern. According to the arrangement of the antenna elements, the antenna array can be divided into a line array, an area array, and the like.
  • a common line array is a linear array in which the centers of the antenna elements are arranged equidistantly on a straight line.
  • the antenna elements of the line array are also arranged in unequal distances.
  • the centers of the antenna elements may also not be arranged in a straight line, for example, arranged on the circumference.
  • a plurality of linear arrays are arranged at a certain interval on a certain plane to form a planar array. If the center of each unit is arranged on a spherical surface, it constitutes a spherical array.
  • the transmitting end can know the forward channel information in some way, the transmitted signal can be optimized according to the forward channel characteristics, thereby improving the receiving quality and reducing the complexity of the receiving end.
  • the forward channel information is generally fed back by using the channel information to reduce the feedback overhead and improve the system transmission efficiency.
  • a codebook-based implicit CSI (Channel State Information) feedback method is adopted.
  • the user equipment the user equipment, that is, the terminal equipment
  • Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) information is included in the UE.
  • the UE also needs to report a Channel Quality Indicator (CQI) for each codeword.
  • CQI Channel Quality Indicator
  • the precoding involved in PMI is an adaptive technique in multi-antenna systems.
  • the precoding matrix is adaptively changed according to CSI at the transmitting end, thereby changing the signal.
  • a set of codebooks containing a plurality of precoding matrices are stored at both ends of the transceiver.
  • the receiving end can select one of the precoding matrices according to the estimated channel matrix and a certain criterion, and feed back the index value and the quantized channel state information to the transmitting end.
  • the transmitting end adopts a new precoding matrix, and determines the encoding and modulation mode for the codeword according to the quantized channel state information fed back.
  • a wireless communication device configured with an antenna array
  • an antenna array geometry information generating unit configured to generate antenna array geometric information based on an antenna array geometric configuration of a wireless communication device, wherein the antenna array The geometric information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements in the antenna array, an antenna element spacing, and an antenna polarization direction; and a communication unit configured to transmit a signal including antenna array geometry information to a target communication device of the wireless communication device.
  • a wireless communication method for wireless communication involving an antenna array comprising: receiving, from a target communication device, a signal including antenna array geometry information of the target communication device; and determining a target communication device based on the signal An antenna array geometry configuration, wherein the antenna array geometry information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element spacing, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array.
  • a wireless communication method for use in a wireless communication device configured with an antenna array comprising: generating antenna array geometry information based on an antenna array geometry configuration of the wireless communication device, wherein the antenna array geometric information indication At least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element spacing, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array; and transmitting a signal comprising antenna array geometry information to the target communication device of the wireless communication device.
  • the antenna array geometry information can be fully utilized by exchanging the antenna array geometry information of the configured antenna array between the communication parties.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an antenna array configuration employed by an antenna array in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a pair of similar antennas in a single-polarized antenna array.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a planar antenna array in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the numbering manner of antenna elements in a planar array.
  • Fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a computer capable of implementing the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of an eNB to which the disclosed technology may be applied.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of an eNB to which the disclosed technology may be applied.
  • the geometric information of the antenna array is not fully utilized.
  • the geometric information of the antenna array includes, but is not limited to, the geometric arrangement of the antenna elements in the antenna array, the antenna element spacing, and the antenna polarization direction, and the like.
  • a base station arranged with an antenna array only provides information to the user equipment (UE) regarding the number of antennas in its antenna array, without providing geometric information of the antenna array.
  • UE user equipment
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless communication device 100 is configured with an antenna array 100X. Based on the requirements of the specific peer communication device for the antenna array configuration information, the wireless communication device 100 can be implemented as a base station, or as a UE, or other network device, such as a relay device.
  • the antenna array 100X can be configured in any form as needed. For example, FIG. 2 non-limitingly illustrates the configuration of an antenna array that the antenna array 100X may employ.
  • the first type of antenna array shown in (a) of FIG. 2 is a uniform line array composed of M co-polarized antenna elements.
  • the antenna elements of the first antenna array have an interval of 0.5 wavelength (0.5 ⁇ ), and the total length of the antenna array is
  • the second antenna array shown in (b) of FIG. 2 is an antenna array composed of M/2 linear arrays of identical orthogonal antenna clusters.
  • one orthogonal antenna cluster is composed of two antenna elements whose polarization directions are orthogonal and overlapped, and the interval between the orthogonal antenna clusters is 0.5 wavelength. Therefore, the total length of the antenna array is
  • the fourth antenna array shown in FIG. 2(d) is an antenna array composed of M/4 ⁇ 2 orthogonal antenna clusters arranged in a rectangular arrangement, and the interval between the orthogonal antenna clusters is 0.5 wavelength.
  • the length and width of the antenna array are versus.
  • one or more of the number of antenna elements in the antenna array, the geometric arrangement, the spacing between the antenna elements, and the polarization direction of the antenna can be configured as desired.
  • the antenna array 100X generally, once the antenna array is arranged, its configuration is relatively fixed.
  • the wireless communication device 100 includes an antenna array geometry information generating unit 101 and a communication unit 102.
  • the antenna array geometry information generating unit 101 is configured to generate antenna array geometry information based on the geometric configuration of the antenna array 100X.
  • the antenna array geometry information indicates a geometric arrangement of antenna elements in the antenna array 100X (such as but not limited to a line or area array), an antenna element spacing (such as but not limited to 0.5 ⁇ ), and an antenna polarization direction (such as but not limited to At least one of parallel or orthogonal.
  • the geometric information may omit the indication of the item.
  • the antenna polarization direction information may not be included in the geometric information.
  • the content indicating the antenna element interval may not be included in the geometric information.
  • the antenna array geometry information generating unit 101 can obtain the geometric information of the antenna array 100X corresponding to the wireless communication device 100 by acquiring the retrieval number of the predefined antenna array database. Alternatively, the antenna array geometric information generating unit 101 may obtain geometric information of the antenna array 100X corresponding to the wireless communication device 100 by pre-configuration. When the wireless communication device 100 is implemented as a base station, its antenna array geometric information generating unit 101 can obtain geometric information of the antenna array 100X from the core network, for example, through the s1 interface.
  • the communication unit 102 is configured to transmit a signal including the geometric information of the antenna array 100X to the target communication device of the wireless communication device 100 to notify the communication partner (target communication device) of the geometric information of the antenna array configured by itself.
  • a signal including the geometric information of the antenna array 100X to the target communication device of the wireless communication device 100 to notify the communication partner (target communication device) of the geometric information of the antenna array configured by itself.
  • the wireless communication device 100 when the wireless communication device 100 is implemented as a base station, it can include geometric information of the antenna array 100X in, for example, a system information block through a Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH) ( The system information block is sent to the UE or other base station; or it can transmit the geometric information of the antenna array 100X to other base stations through the x2 interface.
  • BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
  • the wireless communication device 100 when the wireless communication device 100 is implemented as a UE, it can transmit the geometric information of its own antenna array to the base station through a Random Access Procedure.
  • a Random Access Procedure Those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present disclosure for interacting antenna array geometric information between communication devices (for example, between a base station and a user equipment, between a base station and other network devices such as a relay device) can also be applied to other than LTE.
  • communication systems other than communication systems that employ multi-antenna technology, for example, those skilled in the art can apply the above-described techniques based on the design ideas of the present disclosure.
  • the solution is applied to the fifth generation or even more future communication systems that are being developed.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method used by the wireless communication device 100 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • antenna array geometry information is generated based on the geometric configuration of the antenna array 100X of the wireless communication device 100.
  • the antenna array geometry information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element spacing, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array 100X, depending on system requirements.
  • a signal including the antenna array geometry information is transmitted to the target communication device of the wireless communication device 100. The specific generation and transmission manners are described in conjunction with FIG. 1, and are not repeated here.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device 400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless communication device 400 can be considered as an example of the target communication device of the wireless communication device 100 described above.
  • the wireless communication device 400 can be a single antenna communication device or can be configured with an antenna array. Based on the need for antenna array configuration information for a particular peer communication device, the wireless communication device 400 can be implemented as either a base station or a UE or other network device.
  • the wireless communication device 400 includes a communication unit 401 and an antenna array geometry information analysis unit 402.
  • the communication unit 401 is configured to receive a signal from the target communication device (e.g., the wireless communication device 100) of the wireless communication device 400 that includes antenna array geometry information for the target communication device.
  • the antenna array geometry information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element spacing, and an antenna polarization direction in an antenna array of the target communication device.
  • the geometric information may omit the indication of the item. For example, when the antenna polarization directions of all antenna arrays in the default communication system are the same, the antenna polarization direction information may not be included in the geometric information. Alternatively, when it is not necessary to consider the antenna element interval in the subsequent processing, the content indicating the antenna element interval may not be included in the geometric information.
  • the wireless communication device 400 when the wireless communication device 400 is implemented as a UE, it can receive antenna array geometry information, eg, included in a System Information Block (SIB), transmitted from the base station over a Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH).
  • SIB System Information Block
  • BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
  • the wireless communication device 100 when the wireless communication device 100 is implemented as a base station, it can receive antenna array geometric information of the antenna array configured by the UE from the UE through a random access procedure; or it can pass The broadcast control channel (BCCH) or the x2 interface receives antenna array geometric information of the antenna array configured by the other base station from other base stations; or it can receive antenna array geometric information of the antenna array of the target communication device from the core network through the s1 interface.
  • BCCH Broadcast Control Channel
  • the communication unit 401 can also be configured to transmit an antenna array of its own antenna array to its target communication device.
  • Configuration information may include, for example, antenna array geometry information and/or antenna number information.
  • the antenna array geometry information parsing unit 402 is configured to determine an antenna array geometry configuration of the target communication device based on the signal comprising the antenna array geometry information.
  • the above signals can indicate the antenna array geometry in various ways.
  • the above signal may include an actual antenna array geometry configuration, or may indicate the antenna array geometry configuration by including an index indicating the pre-stored antenna array geometry configuration information that the wireless communication device 400 can access, or a combination of the two. To indicate the antenna array geometry configuration.
  • FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a wireless communication method used by the wireless communication device 400 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a signal including geometric information of an antenna array (antenna array 100X) of the target communication device is received from a target communication device (e.g., wireless communication device 100).
  • the antenna array geometric information indicates at least one of geometric arrangement of antenna elements, antenna element spacing, and antenna polarization direction in the antenna array.
  • the antenna array geometry of the target communication device is parsed based on the signal. The specific receiving and parsing modes are described in conjunction with FIG. 4 and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device 600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless communication device 600 includes a communication unit 601, an antenna array geometry information analysis unit 602, and a channel estimation unit 603.
  • the function and structure of the antenna array geometric information parsing unit 602 and the antenna array set information parsing unit 402 are the same, and are not described below.
  • the communication unit 601 can be configured to receive a training sequence signal from the target communication device in addition to receiving a signal from the target communication device of the wireless communication device 600 that includes the antenna array geometry information of the target communication device.
  • the training sequence signal can reflect the channel characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device. Channel characteristics such as, but not limited to, channel state and channel quality.
  • the training sequence signal is, for example, a downlink such as a CRS (common reference signal), a CSI-RS (channel status information reference signal) Reference signal.
  • the training sequence signal is, for example, an uplink reference signal such as an SRS (sounding reference signal), a DM-RS (demodulation reference signal), or the like.
  • the communication unit 601 inputs the received training sequence signal to the channel estimation unit 603.
  • Channel estimation unit 603 can be configured to estimate channel characteristics of the target communication device to wireless communication device 600 based on the input training sequence signal.
  • the channel estimation unit 603 can The desired channel characteristics are estimated from the respective training sequence signals by any method known in the art.
  • the channel state (channel quality) of the downlink channel can be estimated according to a CSI-RS (channel status information reference signal) signal as needed.
  • the channel characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 600 estimated by the channel estimation unit 603 may be either an instantaneous channel characteristic, a channel statistical characteristic, or both.
  • FIG. 7 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device 700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the wireless communication device 700 includes a communication unit 701, an antenna array geometry information analysis unit 702, a channel estimation unit 703, and a channel feedback information determination unit 704.
  • the structure of the communication unit 701, the antenna array geometric information parsing unit 702, and the channel estimating unit 703 is the same as that of the communication unit 601, the antenna array geometric information parsing unit 602, and the channel estimating unit 603 described in connection with FIG. Therefore, the repeated description is omitted below.
  • the channel feedback information determining unit 704 may be configured to determine the target communication device to the wireless communication device 700 based on the antenna array geometry configuration obtained by the antenna array geometry information parsing unit 702 and the channel estimation result obtained by the channel estimating unit 703. Channel feedback information for channel characteristics. Then, the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can provide the determined channel feedback information to the communication unit 701 to transmit the determined channel feedback information to the target communication device by the communication unit 701 to notify the target communication device of the channel characteristics.
  • the channel feedback information determining unit 704 determines the channel feedback information indicating the channel characteristics based on the antenna array geometric configuration and the channel estimation result.
  • multiple antenna array configurations share one codebook. Codewords configured for different antenna arrays are included in the shared codebook. For some antenna array configurations, the codewords configured for other antenna arrays in the shared codebook may be considered invalid. Therefore, for some antenna array configurations, the shared codebook is an inefficient codebook that introduces unnecessary channel feedback overhead.
  • different codebooks can be provided for antenna arrays having different antenna array geometries.
  • different codebooks may be prepared depending on one or more of geometric arrangement of antenna elements, antenna element spacing, and antenna polarization directions in the antenna array. Since for some antenna array configurations, there are no codewords configured for other antenna arrays in the corresponding codebook, thus reducing unnecessary channel feedback overhead.
  • the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can determine the feedback codebook corresponding to the geometric configuration of the antenna array according to the antenna array geometric configuration. Channel feedback as needed The information determining unit 704 can determine the feedback codebook according to a predetermined rule or manner.
  • the wireless communication device 700 can also include a codebook storage unit (not shown).
  • the codebook storage unit can be configured to store a plurality of feedback codebooks corresponding to a plurality of antenna array geometric configurations. In this case, the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can determine the feedback codebook corresponding to the antenna array geometric configuration by querying the codebook storage unit.
  • the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can determine a codeword in the feedback codebook that matches the channel estimation result made by the channel estimating unit 703. Then, the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can include the determined index number of the codeword in the channel feedback information for the communication device 701 to feed back the index number of the codeword to the target communication device.
  • the feedback codebook may include a precoding matrix codebook.
  • the channel characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 700 estimated by the channel estimation unit 703 may include at least one of an instantaneous channel characteristic and a channel statistical characteristic. Therefore, depending on the type of channel characteristics employed, the channel feedback information determining unit 704 can determine channel feedback information corresponding to the instantaneous channel characteristics and/or channel feedback information corresponding to the channel statistical characteristics based on the antenna array geometry configuration. For example, in the two-stage feedback scheme of the LTE-A system, both the instantaneous channel characteristics and the channel statistical characteristics are fed back in a precoding matrix indication (PMI) manner, and the former determines the feedback from the short-term codebook corresponding to the antenna configuration. The latter determines the feedback information from the long-term codebook corresponding to the antenna configuration.
  • PMI precoding matrix indication
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a structure of a wireless communication device 800 as a target communication device of the wireless communication device 700, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Wireless communication device 800 is a further embodiment of wireless communication device 100 that is configured with antenna array 800X.
  • the wireless communication device 800 includes an antenna array geometry information generating unit 801, a communication unit 802, and a channel information determining unit 803.
  • the function and structure of the antenna array geometric information generating unit 801 are similar to those of the antenna array geometric information generating unit 101, and the repeated description is omitted below.
  • the communication unit 802 can be configured to receive from the target communication device about the wireless communication device 800 in addition to transmitting a signal including the geometric information of the own antenna array to the target communication device (eg, the wireless communication device 700) of the wireless communication device 800.
  • Channel feedback information for the channel of the target communication device.
  • the channel information determining unit 803 can determine the wireless communication device 800 according to the antenna array geometric configuration of the wireless communication device 800 itself and the channel feedback information. Channel characteristics of the target communication device.
  • the channel feedback information may include a reverse corresponding to the geometric configuration of the antenna array.
  • the channel information determining unit 803 can be configured to determine channel characteristics of the wireless communication device 800 to the target communication device based on the antenna array geometry configuration of the wireless communication device 800 itself and the codeword index number.
  • the wireless communication device 800 can also include a codebook storage unit.
  • the codebook storage unit can be configured to store a plurality of feedback codebooks corresponding to a plurality of antenna array geometric configurations.
  • the channel information determining unit 803 can determine the feedback codebook corresponding to the geometric configuration of the antenna array by querying the codebook storage unit.
  • the feedback codebook may include a precoding matrix codebook.
  • the channel information determining unit 803 can determine a precoding matrix for the target communication device according to the antenna array geometry configuration and the codeword index number.
  • the base station communicates with the UE device.
  • the UE device needs to feed back a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI) to the base station according to the channel condition. It is assumed that the antenna array of the M antenna elements of the base station is configured in one of the configurations (a) to (d) shown in FIG. 2.
  • PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator
  • the base station and the user equipment side pre-store four codebooks for the four antenna array configurations (a) to (d).
  • the base station an example of the wireless communication device 800
  • the user equipment learns the antenna array configuration of the base station through the broadcast information of the base station, and selects a codebook corresponding to the base station antenna array configuration for channel feedback.
  • the user equipment performs channel estimation on the downlink channel, and uses the downlink channel information to select a codeword from a codebook corresponding to the base station antenna array configuration.
  • the user equipment transmits the retrieval number of the selected codeword to the base station as a PMI. After receiving the PMI, the base station searches in the codebook corresponding to the antenna array configuration, and extracts the corresponding codeword as the precoding matrix information sent by the user equipment.
  • the present invention is used with 2 n codewords for each antenna array configuration. If the codebook for all four configured codewords is included in the existing channel feedback technique, the amount of channel feedback per time is n+2 bits. With the present invention, the amount of feedback per channel is n bits. It can be seen that the channel feedback overhead can be greatly reduced by using the present invention.
  • codebooks are pre-stored for the four antenna array configurations of (a) to (d) in FIG.
  • the codebook may also be pre-stored based on only one or more of the geometric information.
  • one codebook can be pre-stored for an antenna array of single-polarized elements (configurations (a) and (c)), and another code can be pre-stored for an antenna array of orthogonally polarized elements (configurations (b) and (d)). this.
  • the channel characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 600 estimated by the channel estimation unit 603 include at least one of an instantaneous channel characteristic and a channel statistical characteristic.
  • Channel estimation unit 603 can estimate instantaneous channel characteristics and channel statistics characteristics using various methods known in the art. In existing multi-antenna systems, the technique for estimating channel characteristic statistics is based primarily on time averaging. Such channel statistical characteristics are less susceptible to fluctuations due to long-term characteristics than instantaneous channel characteristics.
  • the inventors have recognized that in an antenna array, if the relative positional relationship between the antennas of each antenna pair of different antenna pairs is the same or similar, the channel correlation between the antennas of each antenna pair is also the same or similar.
  • Such antenna pairs may be identified in terms of antenna array configurations (antenna array geometry information) involving geometrical distribution of antenna elements in the antenna array. In this way, since the sample is added, it is possible to obtain sufficient estimation accuracy without requiring a long time overhead.
  • the channel estimation unit 603 may be configured to estimate an instantaneous channel characteristic of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 600 based on the training sequence signal, and based on the estimated instantaneous channel characteristics and the antenna of the target communication device
  • the array geometry is configured to estimate channel statistical characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 600.
  • Channel estimation unit 603 can estimate the channel characteristics of the target communication device to wireless communication device 600 based on the training sequence signals using various methods known in the art.
  • the training sequence signal may be, for example, a downlink reference signal such as CRS, CSI-RS, or an uplink reference signal such as a DM-RS.
  • the channel estimation unit 603 may determine, according to the instantaneous channel estimation values of the plurality of antenna pairs in the antenna array that reflect the inter-antenna correlation, the channel statistical information estimates of the at least one antenna pair that reflect the inter-antenna correlation, thereby The channel statistics characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 600 are estimated.
  • the plurality of antenna pairs described above are antenna pairs having substantially the same geometric relationship. It can be understood that the relative geometric relationship of the pair of antennas is substantially the same: in each antenna pair, the first antenna element and the second antenna element are included, and the first antennas of the plurality of antenna pairs having the same relative geometric relationship in the antenna array are respectively included The geometric relationship of the elements relative to the second antenna element is substantially the same.
  • the geometric relationship of the first antenna element with respect to the second antenna element may include a spatial positional deviation and a polarization direction deviation.
  • Figure 9 schematically illustrates the simplest example of a similar antenna pair.
  • the polarization directions of the antenna elements are the same, and the antenna pairs of the same type are antenna pairs having substantially the same spatial position.
  • the spatial location may include between the first and second antenna elements Distance and two-dimensional relative coordinates.
  • the polarization direction deviation is considered, for example, the polarization directions of the two antenna elements are considered to be the same when the absolute value of the difference between the polarization angles of the first and second antenna elements is less than or equal to a predetermined threshold.
  • the threshold may be, for example, 45°.
  • communication unit 601 can receive training sequence signals from a target communication device multiple times at different points in time.
  • the channel estimation unit 603 may calculate an average value of the instantaneous channel estimation values of the plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same geometric relationship based on the received training sequence signal, and further time average the average value to determine at least one of the antennas.
  • the estimated value of the channel statistics for the pair As an example of calculating an average value based on the instantaneous channel estimation value, for example, without limitation, a correlation average value or covariance of the antenna coefficient between the antennas may be calculated.
  • the average value of the instantaneous channel estimation values based on the antennas i and j can be calculated, for example, as an average value of h i ⁇ h j *.
  • the symbol "*" indicates a conjugate operation.
  • it may also be calculated as E((h i - E(h i ))(h j - E(h j )*), where E() represents an expected value.
  • the method for estimating the channel statistical characteristics based on the antenna array geometric information is applicable not only to the wireless communication device 600/700 receiving the antenna array geometric information of the target communication device, but also to the antenna array itself configured with the antenna array and based on the antenna array itself.
  • the wireless communication device 800 is configured to generate antenna array geometry information.
  • Communication unit 802 can also be configured to receive training sequence signals from the target communication device.
  • the training sequence signal may be, for example, an uplink reference signal such as an SRS (sounding reference signal).
  • the wireless communication device 800 can also include a channel estimation unit (not shown) for estimating the instantaneous channel characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 800 based on the training sequence signal, and based on the estimated instantaneous channel characteristics and the antenna of the antenna array 800X
  • the array geometry configuration estimates channel statistics characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device 800.
  • the channel estimation unit of the wireless communication device 800 determines channel estimation information estimates for at least one antenna pair based on instantaneous channel estimation values of a plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same relative geometric relationship in the antenna array 800X, thereby estimating the target communication device to Channel statistics characteristics of the wireless communication device 800.
  • the relative geometric relationship of the antenna pairs is substantially the same: it can be understood that each antenna pair includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element, and the first antennas of the plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same geometric relationship in the antenna array are respectively included.
  • the geometric relationship of the elements relative to the second antenna element is substantially the same.
  • the geometric relationship of the first antenna element relative to the second antenna element may include spatial positional deviation and polarization direction deviation.
  • the communication unit 802 can receive the training sequence signal from the target communication device multiple times at different points in time.
  • the channel estimation unit of the wireless communication device 800 may calculate an average value of the instantaneous channel estimation values of the plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same relative geometric relationship based on each received training sequence signal, and further time average the average value to A channel statistic estimate of at least one of the antenna pairs is determined.
  • communication unit 802 can be configured to transmit antenna number information for antenna array 800X to its target communication device.
  • the antenna number information and/or antenna array geometry information are all part of the antenna configuration information.
  • communication unit 802 can also be configured to receive configuration information from its target communication device for an antenna array of its target communication device configuration.
  • both communicating parties may select a codebook based on their own and each other's antenna configuration information.
  • the antenna statistical information can be estimated more quickly based on the antenna array geometric information (channel statistical information estimation value), which greatly reduces the time overhead.
  • the fast estimation based on the geometric information of the antenna array is significantly higher than that of the conventional method under the same time overhead.
  • a base station communicates with a UE.
  • a large-scale antenna array is deployed on the base station side, and antenna configuration information of all base stations is recorded in a database of a certain core network device.
  • the core network device informs the base station of the geometric information of its antenna configuration (as an implementation form for generating antenna array geometry information based on the antenna array geometry configuration).
  • the UE transmits a training sequence signal such as an SRS, and the base station performs channel statistic estimation on its uplink channel with the UE using the channel statistic information fast estimation method according to the present disclosure.
  • the estimated channel statistics information can be used for user scheduling, pilot allocation, precoding, and the like that utilize the channel statistics.
  • the base station transmits the obtained antenna array geometry information to the UE through, for example, a broadcast control channel, and transmits a training sequence signal such as a CRS to the UE; and the UE uses the channel statistic information fast estimation method according to the present disclosure to The downlink channel between the base stations performs channel statistical information estimation.
  • the estimated channel statistics information can be used for cell handover, precoding, and the like that utilize the channel statistics. For the sake of convenience, the following description will be made by taking a quick estimation in the UE as an example.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a planar antenna array in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic view showing an antenna element numbering pattern of the planar array shown in Fig. 10. It is assumed that the base station is equipped with a planar antenna array composed of M y ⁇ M x homopolar antenna elements as shown in Fig. 10, and the base station communicates with a single antenna user equipment. As shown in FIG. 11, the antenna elements of the antenna array are sequentially labeled as 0, 1, ..., M x M y -1.
  • the statistical parameter to be estimated is the correlation matrix R shown in the following formula (1):
  • the channel vector h is a row vector of length M x M y .
  • an antenna pair relative position table is established.
  • the antenna records the relative position table Relative position information for pairs of antennas.
  • the antenna m is labeled (m, n).
  • the two-dimensional coordinates of the recording antenna element m are (y m , x m ).
  • the UE can perform the following statistical preprocessing:
  • the matrix A mn is the same type of antenna library of the antenna pair (m, n).
  • the UE can perform statistical estimation processing. Specifically, according to the same type of antenna library A mn and the current instantaneous estimate of the channel Estimate the correlation matrix R and get the estimated value
  • Equation (4) shows the (m, n)th matrix element
  • the UE can use the fast estimation result obtained at the tth time. With the last time I got it Perform averaging to get the result of this channel estimation, as shown in equation (5):
  • the UE does not need to perform time averaging when doing the initial estimation for the first time.
  • the computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable medium that can instruct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a particular manner, such that instructions stored in the computer readable medium produce an implementation flow diagram and/or The manufacture of the instruction means of the function/operation specified in the box in the block diagram.
  • the computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device such that a series of operational steps are performed on a computer or other programmable data processing device to produce a computer-implemented process for use in a computer or other programmable device
  • the instructions executed above provide a process for implementing the functions/operations specified in the blocks of the flowcharts and/or block diagrams.
  • each block of the flowchart or block diagrams can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code that includes one or more logic for implementing the specified.
  • Functional executable instructions can also occur in a different order than that illustrated in the drawings. For example, two successively represented blocks may in fact be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved.
  • Fig. 12 is a block diagram illustrating an exemplary structure of a computer capable of implementing the present invention.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1201 executes various processes in accordance with a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1202 or a program loaded from a storage portion 1208 to a random access memory (RAM) 1203.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • data required when the CPU 1201 executes various processes is also stored as needed.
  • the CPU 1201, the ROM 1202, and the RAM 1203 are connected to each other via a bus 1204.
  • Input/output interface 1205 is also coupled to bus 1204.
  • the following components are connected to the input/output interface 1205: an input portion 1206 including a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output portion 1207 including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc.; a storage portion 1208 , including a hard disk or the like; and a communication portion 1209 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, and the like.
  • the communication section 1209 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet.
  • the driver 1210 is also connected to the input/output interface 1205 as needed.
  • a removable medium 1211 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory or the like is mounted on the drive 1210 as needed, so that a computer program read therefrom is installed into the storage portion 1208 as needed.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a network such as the Internet or a storage medium such as the detachable medium 1211.
  • such a storage medium is not limited to the removable medium 1211 shown in FIG. 12 in which a program is stored and distributed separately from the method to provide a program to a user.
  • the detachable medium 1211 include a magnetic disk, an optical disk (including a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disk (DVD)), a magneto-optical disk (including a mini disk (MD)), and a semiconductor memory.
  • the storage medium may be a ROM 1202, a hard disk included in the storage portion 1208, or the like, in which programs are stored, and distributed to the user together with the method including them.
  • a base station may be implemented, for example, as any type of evolved Node B (eNB), such as a macro eNB and a small eNB.
  • the small eNB may be an eNB covering a cell smaller than the macro cell, such as a pico eNB, a micro eNB, and a home (femto) eNB.
  • the base station can be implemented as any other type of base station, such as a NodeB and a base transceiver station (BTS).
  • the base station may include: a body (also referred to as a base station device) configured to control wireless communication; One or more remote wireless headends (RRHs) placed in a different location than the main body.
  • RRHs remote wireless headends
  • the above-mentioned main body for controlling wireless communication may also be a processing device of a baseband cloud, such as a server, with the development of C-RAN (Centralized, Cooperative, Cloud RAN).
  • C-RAN Centralized, Cooperative, Cloud RAN
  • various types of terminals which will be described below, can operate as a base station by performing base station functions temporarily or semi-persistently.
  • the user equipment may be implemented, for example, as a mobile terminal such as a smart phone, a tablet personal computer (PC), a notebook PC, a smart wearable device, a portable game terminal, a portable/encrypted dog type mobile router, and a digital camera device, or Vehicle terminal (such as car navigation equipment).
  • the user equipment may also be implemented as a terminal (also referred to as a machine type communication (MTC) terminal) that performs machine-to-machine (M2M) communication.
  • MTC machine type communication
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • the user equipment may be a wireless communication module (such as an integrated circuit module including a single wafer) installed on each of the above terminals.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating a first example of a schematic configuration of an eNB to which the disclosed technology may be applied.
  • the eNB 1300 includes one or more antennas 1310 and a base station device 1320.
  • the base station device 1320 and each antenna 1310 may be connected to each other via an RF cable.
  • Each of the antennas 1310 includes a single or multiple antenna elements, such as multiple antenna elements included in a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna, and is used by the base station device 1320 to transmit and receive wireless signals.
  • the eNB 1300 may include a plurality of antennas 1310.
  • multiple antennas 1310 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 1300.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates an example in which the eNB 1300 includes a plurality of antennas 1310, the eNB 1300 may also include a single antenna 1310.
  • the base station device 1320 includes a controller 1321, a memory 1322, a network interface 1323, and a wireless communication interface 1325.
  • the controller 1321 can be, for example, a CPU or a DSP, and operates various functions of higher layers of the base station device 1320. For example, controller 1321 generates data packets based on data in signals processed by wireless communication interface 1325 and communicates the generated packets via network interface 1323. The controller 1321 can bundle data from a plurality of baseband processors to generate bundled packets and deliver the generated bundled packets. The controller 1321 may have a logical function that performs control such as radio resource control, radio bearer control, mobility management, admission control, and scheduling. This control can be performed in conjunction with nearby eNBs or core network nodes.
  • the memory 1322 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores programs and various classes executed by the controller 1321. Type of control data (such as terminal list, transmission power data, and scheduling data).
  • Network interface 1323 is a communication interface for connecting base station device 1320 to core network 1324. Controller 1321 can communicate with a core network node or another eNB via network interface 1323. In this case, the eNB 1300 and the core network node or other eNBs may be connected to each other through a logical interface such as an S1 interface and an X2 interface. Network interface 1323 may also be a wired communication interface or a wireless communication interface for wireless backhaul lines. If the network interface 1323 is a wireless communication interface, the network interface 1323 can use a higher frequency band for wireless communication than the frequency band used by the wireless communication interface 1325.
  • the wireless communication interface 1325 supports any cellular communication schemes, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE-Advanced, and provides wireless connectivity to terminals located in cells of the eNB 1300 via the antenna 1310.
  • Wireless communication interface 1325 may generally include, for example, baseband (BB) processor 1326 and RF circuitry 1327.
  • the BB processor 1326 can perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and performs layers (eg, L1, Medium Access Control (MAC), Radio Link Control (RLC), and Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)) Various types of signal processing.
  • BB processor 1326 may have some or all of the above described logic functions.
  • the BB processor 1326 can be a memory that stores a communication control program, or a module that includes a processor and associated circuitry configured to execute the program.
  • the update program can cause the functionality of the BB processor 1326 to change.
  • the module can be a card or blade that is inserted into the slot of the base station device 1320. Alternatively, the module can also be a chip mounted on a card or blade.
  • the RF circuit 1327 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives a wireless signal via the antenna 1310.
  • the wireless communication interface 1325 can include a plurality of BB processors 1326.
  • multiple BB processors 1326 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 1300.
  • the wireless communication interface 1325 can include a plurality of RF circuits 1327.
  • multiple RF circuits 1327 can be compatible with multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 13 illustrates an example in which the wireless communication interface 1325 includes a plurality of BB processors 1326 and a plurality of RF circuits 1327, the wireless communication interface 1325 may also include a single BB processor 1326 or a single RF circuit 1327.
  • FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of an eNB to which the disclosed technology may be applied.
  • the eNB 1400 includes one or more antennas 1410, base station devices 1420, and RRHs 1430.
  • the RRH 1430 and each antenna 1410 may be connected to each other via an RF cable.
  • the base station device 1420 and the RRH 1430 may be connected to each other via a high speed line such as a fiber optic cable.
  • Each of the antennas 1410 includes a single or multiple antenna elements (such as multiple antenna elements included in a MIMO antenna) and is used for the RRH 1430 to transmit and receive wireless signals. number.
  • the eNB 1400 can include multiple antennas 1410.
  • multiple antennas 1410 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 1400.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example in which the eNB 1400 includes multiple antennas 1410, the eNB 1400 may also include a single antenna 1410.
  • the base station device 1420 includes a controller 1421, a memory 1422, a network interface 1423, a wireless communication interface 1425, and a connection interface 1427.
  • the controller 1421, the memory 1422, and the network interface 1423 are the same as the controller 1321, the memory 1322, and the network interface 1323 described with reference to FIG.
  • Network interface 1423 is used to connect base station device 1420 to core network 1424.
  • the wireless communication interface 1425 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and provides wireless communication to terminals located in sectors corresponding to the RRH 1430 via the RRH 1430 and the antenna 1410.
  • Wireless communication interface 1425 may typically include, for example, BB processor 1426.
  • the BB processor 1426 is identical to the BB processor 1326 described with reference to FIG. 13 except that the BB processor 1426 is connected to the RF circuit 1434 of the RRH 1430 via the connection interface 1427.
  • the wireless communication interface 1425 can include a plurality of BB processors 1426.
  • multiple BB processors 1426 can be compatible with multiple frequency bands used by eNB 1400.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example in which the wireless communication interface 1425 includes a plurality of BB processors 1426, the wireless communication interface 1425 may also include a single BB processor 1426.
  • connection interface 1427 is an interface for connecting the base station device 1420 (wireless communication interface 1425) to the RRH 1430.
  • the connection interface 1427 may also be a communication module for connecting the base station device 1420 (wireless communication interface 1425) to the communication in the above-described high speed line of the RRH 1430.
  • the RRH 1430 includes a connection interface 1431 and a wireless communication interface 1433.
  • connection interface 1431 is an interface for connecting the RRH 1430 (wireless communication interface 1433) to the base station device 1420.
  • the connection interface 1431 may also be a communication module for communication in the above high speed line.
  • the wireless communication interface 1433 transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1410.
  • Wireless communication interface 1433 may typically include, for example, RF circuitry 1434.
  • the RF circuit 1434 can include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives wireless signals via the antenna 1410.
  • the wireless communication interface 1433 can include a plurality of RF circuits 1434.
  • multiple RF circuits 1434 can support multiple antenna elements.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates an example in which the wireless communication interface 1433 includes a plurality of RF circuits 1434, the wireless communication interface 1433 may also include a single RF circuit 1434.
  • the communication units 102, 401, 601, 701, and 802 described by FIG. 1, FIG. 4, FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 8, respectively, may be Line communication interface 1325 and wireless communication interface 1425 and/or wireless communication interface 1433 are implemented. At least a portion of the functionality can also be implemented by controller 1321 and controller 1421.
  • the wireless communication device 100 implemented with the example of FIG. 13 can perform the function of the antenna array geometric information generating unit 101 through the controller 1321.
  • FIG. 15 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of a smartphone 1500 to which the disclosed technology can be applied.
  • the smart phone 1500 includes a processor 1501, a memory 1502, a storage device 1503, an external connection interface 1504, an imaging device 1506, a sensor 1507, a microphone 1508, an input device 1509, a display device 1510, a speaker 1511, a wireless communication interface 1512, and one or more An antenna switch 1515, one or more antennas 1516, a bus 1517, a battery 1518, and an auxiliary controller 1519.
  • the processor 1501 may be, for example, a CPU or a system on chip (SoC), and controls functions of an application layer and another layer of the smartphone 1500.
  • the memory 1502 includes a RAM and a ROM, and stores data and programs executed by the processor 1501.
  • the storage device 1503 may include a storage medium such as a semiconductor memory and a hard disk.
  • the external connection interface 1504 is an interface for connecting an external device such as a memory card and a universal serial bus (USB) device to the smartphone 1500.
  • the image pickup device 1506 includes an image sensor such as a charge coupled device (CCD) and a complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), and generates a captured image.
  • Sensor 1507 can include a set of sensors, such as measurement sensors, gyro sensors, geomagnetic sensors, and acceleration sensors.
  • the microphone 1508 converts the sound input to the smartphone 1500 into an audio signal.
  • the input device 1509 includes, for example, a touch sensor, a keypad, a keyboard, a button, or a switch configured to detect a touch on the screen of the display device 1510, and receives an operation or information input from a user.
  • the display device 1510 includes screens such as a liquid crystal display (LCD) and an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display, and displays an output image of the smartphone 1500.
  • the speaker 1511 converts the audio signal output from the smartphone 1500 into sound.
  • the wireless communication interface 1512 supports any cellular communication scheme (such as LTE and LTE-Advanced) and performs wireless communication.
  • Wireless communication interface 1512 may generally include, for example, BB processor 1513 and RF circuitry 1514.
  • the BB processor 1513 can perform, for example, encoding/decoding, modulation/demodulation, and multiplexing/demultiplexing, and performs various types of signal processing for wireless communication.
  • the RF circuit 1514 may include, for example, a mixer, a filter, and an amplifier, and transmits and receives a wireless signal via the antenna 1516.
  • the wireless communication interface 1512 can be a chip module on which the BB processor 1513 and the RF circuit 1514 are integrated. As shown in FIG.
  • the wireless communication interface 1512 can include a plurality of BB processors 1513 and a plurality of RF circuits 1514.
  • FIG. 15 illustrates that the wireless communication interface 1512 includes a plurality of BB processors 1513 and a plurality of RF circuits 1514 An example, but the wireless communication interface 1512 may also include a single BB processor 1513 or a single RF circuit 1514.
  • wireless communication interface 1512 can support additional types of wireless communication schemes, such as short-range wireless communication schemes, near field communication schemes, and wireless local area network (LAN) schemes.
  • the wireless communication interface 1512 can include a BB processor 1513 and RF circuitry 1514 for each wireless communication scheme.
  • Each of the antenna switches 1515 switches the connection destination of the antenna 1516 between a plurality of circuits included in the wireless communication interface 1512, such as circuits for different wireless communication schemes.
  • the bus 1517 has a processor 1501, a memory 1502, a storage device 1503, an external connection interface 1504, an imaging device 1506, a sensor 1507, a microphone 1508, an input device 1509, a display device 1510, a speaker 1511, a wireless communication interface 1512, and an auxiliary controller 1519. connection.
  • Battery 1518 provides power to various blocks of smart phone 1500 shown in FIG. 15 via feeders, which are partially shown as dashed lines in the figure.
  • the secondary controller 1519 operates the minimum required function of the smartphone 1500, for example, in a sleep mode.
  • the communication device 401 described by, for example, FIG. 4 can be implemented by the wireless communication interface 1512. At least a portion of the functionality may also be implemented by processor 1501 or secondary controller 1519.
  • a wireless communication device that participates in wireless communication involving an antenna array, comprising:
  • a communication unit configured to receive, from a target communication device of the wireless communication device, a signal including antenna array geometry information of the target communication device;
  • An antenna array geometry information parsing unit configured to determine an antenna array geometry configuration of the target communication device based on the signal
  • the antenna array geometric information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element interval, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array.
  • a channel estimation unit is configured to estimate a channel characteristic of the target communication device to the wireless communication device based on the training sequence signal.
  • the wireless communication device further comprising a channel feedback information determining unit configured to determine a channel characteristic for indicating the target communication device to the wireless communication device based on the antenna array geometric configuration and the channel estimation result of the channel estimation unit Channel feedback information, where
  • the communication unit is also configured to transmit channel feedback information to the target communication device.
  • the channel feedback information determining unit determines the feedback codebook corresponding to the antenna array geometric configuration according to the antenna array geometric configuration, and further determines the codeword in the feedback codebook that matches the channel estimation result, And including the index number of the codeword in the channel feedback information.
  • the wireless communication device of embodiment 4 further comprising: a codebook storage unit configured to store a plurality of feedback codebooks corresponding to a plurality of antenna array geometric configurations, wherein the channel feedback information determining unit queries the codebook storage unit Determine the feedback codebook corresponding to the geometric configuration of the antenna array.
  • the channel characteristic of the target communication device to the wireless communication device estimated by the channel estimation unit comprises at least one of an instantaneous channel characteristic and a channel statistical characteristic, and the channel feedback information is determined.
  • the unit determines the phase based on the antenna array geometry configuration The channel feedback information should be.
  • the channel estimation unit estimates an instantaneous channel characteristic of the target communication device to the wireless communication device based on the training sequence signal, and the antenna array of the target communication device based on the instantaneous channel characteristic
  • the geometric configuration estimates the channel statistics characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device.
  • the communication unit receives the training sequence signal from the target communication device multiple times at different points in time, and the channel estimation unit calculates the plurality of antenna pairs based on each received training sequence signal.
  • the average of the instantaneous channel estimates is based on, and the average is further time averaged to determine channel statistic estimates for at least one of the antenna pairs.
  • the communication unit is further configured to transmit antenna array configuration information of the wireless communication device to the target communication device, wherein the antenna array configuration information comprises antenna number and/or antenna array geometry information.
  • the antenna array geometric information generating unit is configured to generate antenna array geometric information based on the antenna array geometric configuration of the wireless communication device, wherein the antenna array geometric information indicates geometric arrangement of the antenna elements in the antenna array, antenna element spacing, and antenna polarization direction At least one of;
  • a communication unit configured to transmit a signal comprising antenna array geometry information to a target communication device of the wireless communication device.
  • the channel information determining unit is configured to determine a channel characteristic of the wireless communication device to the target communication device based on the antenna array geometric configuration and the channel feedback information.
  • the channel feedback information comprises a codeword index number in a feedback codebook corresponding to an antenna array geometric configuration
  • the channel information determining unit determines the wireless communication according to the antenna array geometric configuration and the codeword index number. Channel characteristics of the device to the target communication device.
  • the feedback codebook comprises a precoding matrix codebook
  • the channel information determining unit determining a precoding matrix for the target communication device in accordance with the antenna array geometry configuration and the codeword index number.
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive a training sequence signal from the target communication device, and the wireless communication device further comprises a channel estimation unit configured to estimate the target communication device based on the training sequence signal Estimating the instantaneous channel characteristics of the wireless communication device and estimating the channel statistical characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device based on the instantaneous channel characteristics and the antenna array geometry.
  • the channel estimation unit determines channel estimation information estimates for at least one of the antenna pairs based on instantaneous channel estimates of the plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same relative geometric relationship in the antenna array, thereby Estimating channel statistic characteristics of the target communication device to the wireless communication device,
  • Each antenna pair includes a first antenna element and a second antenna element, and a plurality of antenna pairs having substantially the same relative geometric relationship in the antenna array have substantially the same geometric relationship of the first antenna element and the second antenna element.
  • the wireless communication device wherein the communication unit receives the training sequence signal from the target communication device a plurality of times at different time points, and the channel estimating unit calculates the basis of the plurality of antenna pairs based on each received training sequence signal. The average of the instantaneous channel estimates and further time averaged the averages to determine channel statistic estimates for at least one of the antenna pairs.
  • a method of wireless communication for wireless communication involving an antenna array comprising:
  • the antenna array geometric information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element interval, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array.
  • a method of wireless communication for use in a wireless communication device configured with an antenna array comprising:
  • antenna array geometric information based on an antenna array geometric configuration of the wireless communication device, wherein the antenna array geometric information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element interval, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array;
  • a signal containing antenna array geometry information is transmitted to the target communication device of the wireless communication device.
  • a wireless communication device that participates in wireless communication involving an antenna array, comprising:
  • Processing circuitry including one or more processors configured to control receiving, from a target communication device of the wireless communication device, a signal comprising antenna array geometry information of the target communication device; and determining an antenna array geometry configuration of the target communication device based on the signal,
  • the antenna array geometric information indicates at least one of a geometric arrangement of antenna elements, an antenna element interval, and an antenna polarization direction in the antenna array.
  • a wireless communication device configured with an antenna array, comprising:
  • Processing circuitry including one or more processors configured to generate antenna array geometry information based on an antenna array geometry configuration of the wireless communication device, wherein the antenna array geometry information indicates geometric arrangement of antenna elements in the antenna array, antenna element spacing And at least one of antenna polarization directions; and controlling transmission of a signal comprising antenna array geometry information to a target communication device of the wireless communication device.

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Abstract

本发明提供一种无线通信设备和无线通信方法。该无线通信设备参与涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：通信单元，被配置为从无线通信设备的目标通信设备接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及天线阵列几何信息解析单元，被配置为基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。根据本发明公开的技术方案，可以对天线阵列几何信息进行充分利用。

Description

无线通信设备和无线通信方法 技术领域
本公开一般地涉及无线通信领域，尤其涉及一种参与利用天线阵列的无线通信的无线通信设备和无线通信方法。
背景技术
作为满足移动通信系统的高速、大容量、可靠传输要求的一项技术,多天线系统近年来得到了广泛的研究。研究表明，多天线系统可以提供比传统的单天线系统更高的容量，并且在一定条件下，其容量随天线数目的增加呈线性增长。
天线阵列是由多个相同的天线单元按一定规律排列组成的多天线系统。根据天线单元的排列方式，天线阵列可分为线阵、面阵等。常见的线阵是各天线单元的中心依次等距排列在一直线上的直线阵。线阵的各天线单元也有不等距排列的。各天线单元中心也可以不排列在一直线上，例如排列在圆周上。多个直线阵在某一平面上按一定间隔排列就构成平面阵。若各单元的中心排列在球面上就构成球面阵。
在多天线系统中，如果发射端能够以某种方式获知前向信道信息，就可以根据前向信道特性对发送信号进行优化，从而提高接收质量并降低对接收端复杂度的要求。在实际的频分双工(FDD)系统中一般采用量化信道信息的方式反馈前向信道信息，以降低反馈开销，提高系统传输效率。
在LTE(Long Time Evolved，长期演进)频分双工(FDD)系统中，采用基于码本的隐式CSI(Channel State Information，信道状态信息)反馈方法。UE(User Equipment，用户设备，即终端设备)基于导频测量下行信道，并根据其自身的接收处理算法向基站上报下行链路所能支持的数据层数(Rank Indication,RI)以及预编码矩阵指示(Precoding Matrix Indicator,PMI)信息。此外，UE还需要上报每个码字的信道质量指示(Channel Quality Indicator,CQI)。
PMI所涉及的预编码是多天线系统中的一种自适应技术。在这种技术中，在发射端根据CSI自适应地改变预编码矩阵，从而起到改变信号 经历的信道的作用。在收发两端均存储一套包含若干个预编码矩阵的码书。这样，接收端可以根据估计出的信道矩阵和某一准则选择其中一个预编码矩阵，并将其索引值和量化后的信道状态信息反馈给发射端。在下一个时刻，发射端采用新的预编码矩阵，并根据反馈回的量化信道状态信息为码字确定编码和调制方式。
发明内容
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种参与涉及天线阵列的无线通信的无线通信设备，包括：通信单元，被配置为从无线通信设备的目标通信设备接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及天线阵列几何信息解析单元，被配置为基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种配置有天线阵列的无线通信设备，包括：天线阵列几何信息生成单元，被配置为基于无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及通信单元，被配置为向无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列几何信息的信号。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种无线通信方法，用于涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：从目标通信设备接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
根据本公开的一个方面，提供一种在配置有天线阵列的无线通信设备中使用的无线通信方法，包括：基于无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及向无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列几何信息的信号。
通过在通信双方间交流所配置的天线阵列的天线阵列几何信息，可以对天线阵列几何信息进行充分利用。
附图说明
参照下面结合附图对本公开的实施例的说明，会更加容易地理解本公开的以上和其它目的、特点和优点。在附图中，相同的或对应的技术特征或部件将采用相同或对应的附图标记来表示。在附图中不必依照比例绘制出单元的尺寸和相对位置。
图1是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备的结构的框图。
图2是例示根据本公开实施例的天线阵列采用的天线阵列配置的示意图。
图3是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信方法的流程图。
图4是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备的结构的框图。
图5是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信方法的流程图。
图6是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备的结构的框图。
图7是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备的结构的框图。
图8是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备的结构的框图。
图9是例示出单极化天线阵列中同类天线对的例子的示意图。
图10是例示根据本公开实施例的平面天线阵的示意图。
图11是例示平面阵中天线元素的编号方式的示意图。
图12是例示能够实现本发明的计算机的示例性结构的框图。
图13是例示可以应用本公开技术的eNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图。
图14是例示可以应用本公开技术的eNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图。
图15是例示可以应用本公开技术的智能电话1500的示意性配置的的框图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图来说明本公开的实施例。应当注意，为了清楚的目的，附图和说明中省略了与本公开无关的、本领域技术人员已知的部件和处理的表示和描述。
在现有的多天线系统中，天线阵列的几何信息没有得到充分的利用。在本文中，天线阵列的几何信息包括但不限于天线阵列中的天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向等。在现有技术中，布置有天线阵列的基站仅向用户设备(UE)提供关于其天线阵列中的天线数量的信息，而没有提供天线阵列的几何信息。随着大规模天线阵列的使用，以及多天线MIMO(多输入多输出)系统的提出，如何充分高效地利用天线阵列的几何信息成为提高信道效率的关键。
图1是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备100的结构的框图。无线通信设备100被配置有天线阵列100X。基于具体对端通信设备对于天线阵列配置信息的需求，无线通信设备100既可以被实现为基站，也可以被实现为UE，或者其它网络设备，例如中继设备。天线阵列100X可以根据需要以任何形式配置。例如，图2非限制性地例示出天线阵列100X可能采用的天线阵列的配置。
下面，为了方便描述，假设天线阵列100X中包括M个天线元素，且M为4的整数倍。如图2的(a)所示的第一种天线阵列是由M个同极化天线元素组成的均匀线阵。该第一种天线阵列的天线元素的间隔为0.5波长(0.5λ)，天线阵列总长度为
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000001
如图2的(b)所示的第二种天线阵列是由M/2个摆放相同的正交天线簇线性排列组成的天线阵。其中，一个正交天线簇由两个极化方向正交且位置重叠的天线元素组成，正交天线簇之间的间隔为0.5波长。因此，该天线阵列的总长度为
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000002
如图2的(c)所示的第三种天线阵列是由M/2×2个同极化天线元素组成的均匀面阵。该第三种天线阵列的天线元素的间隔为0.5波长，天线阵列长宽分别为
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000003
与
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000004
如图2的(d)所示的第四种天线阵列是由M/4×2个摆放的正交天线簇按矩形排列组成的天线阵，正交天线簇之间的间隔为0.5波长，天线阵列长宽分别为
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000005
与
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000006
以上结合图2对天线阵列100X的可能配置的描述仅是示例性的，不意在穷举所有的可能配置。实 际上，天线阵列中天线元素的数量、几何排列方式、天线元素之间的间隔以及天线的极化方向中的一个或多个可以根据需要来配置。然而，需要说明的是：对于天线阵列100X，一般来说，一旦天线阵列布置完成，其配置方式相对固定。
回到图1，无线通信设备100包括天线阵列几何信息生成单元101和通信单元102。天线阵列几何信息生成单元101被配置为基于天线阵列100X的几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息。这里，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列100X中天线元素的几何排列方式(例如但不限于线阵或者面阵)、天线元素间隔(例如但不限于0.5λ)以及天线极化方向(例如但不限于平行或者正交)中至少之一。当在某一通信系统中，上述某一项已经预先确定或者对后续处理不必要时，几何信息可以省略对该项的指示。例如，当默认通信系统中所有天线阵列的天线极化方向一致时，几何信息中可以不包括天线极化方向信息。或者，当在后续处理中不需要考虑天线元素间隔时，几何信息中可以不包含指示天线元素间隔的内容。
天线阵列几何信息生成单元101可以通过获取预先定义的天线阵列数据库的检索号来获得无线通信设备100所对应的天线阵列100X的几何信息。可选择地，天线阵列几何信息生成单元101可以通过预先配置来获得无线通信设备100所对应的天线阵列100X的几何信息。当无线通信设备100被实现为基站时，其天线阵列几何信息生成单元101例如可以通过s1接口从核心网获得天线阵列100X的几何信息。
通信单元102被配置为向无线通信设备100的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列100X的几何信息的信号，以将自身所配置的天线阵列的几何信息通知给通信对方(目标通信设备)。示例性地，在LTE(包括LTE-A)通信系统中，当无线通信设备100被实现为基站时，其可以通过广播控制信道(BCCH)将天线阵列100X的几何信息包含于例如系统信息块(System Information Block)中发送给UE或其它基站；或者，其可以通过x2接口将天线阵列100X的几何信息发送给其它基站。示例性地，当无线通信设备100被实现为UE时，其可以通过随机接入过程(Random Access Procedure)将自身天线阵列的几何信息发送给基站。本领域技术人员应当理解，本公开的在通信设备之间(例如基站与用户设备之间、基站与其它网络设备例如中继设备之间)交互天线阵列几何信息的技术方案也可应用于除了LTE通信系统以外的其它采用多天线技术的通信系统当中，例如熟知本领域的技术人员可以基于本公开的设计思想将上述的技术 方案应用于正在发展的第五代甚至更未来的通信系统当中。
图3是例示根据本公开实施例的由无线通信设备100使用的无线通信方法的流程图。在步骤S301中，基于无线通信设备100的天线阵列100X的几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息。根据系统需求，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列100X中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。在步骤S302中，向无线通信设备100的目标通信设备发送包含该天线阵列几何信息的信号。具体生成和发送方式以结合图1进行了描述，这里不再重复。
图4是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备400的结构的框图。无线通信设备400可以视为上文描述的无线通信设备100的目标通信设备的示例。无线通信设备400可以是单天线的通信设备，也可以配置有天线阵列。基于对具体对端通信设备的天线阵列配置信息的需求，无线通信设备400既可以被实现为基站，也可以被实现为UE或其它网络设备。无线通信设备400包括通信单元401和天线阵列几何信息解析单元402。
通信单元401被配置为从无线通信设备400的目标通信设备(例如无线通信设备100)接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号。如上文已描述的，天线阵列几何信息指示目标通信设备的天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。当在某一通信系统中，上述某一项已经预先确定或者对后续处理不必要时，几何信息可以省略对该项的指示。例如，当默认通信系统中所有天线阵列的天线极化方向一致时，几何信息中可以不包括天线极化方向信息。或者，当在后续处理中不需要考虑天线元素间隔时，几何信息中可以不包含指示天线元素间隔的内容。
例如但不限制地，当无线通信设备400被实现为UE时，其可以通过广播控制信道(BCCH)接收从基站发送的例如包含于系统信息块(SIB)中的天线阵列几何信息。例如但不限制地，当无线通信设备100被实现为基站时，其可以通过随机接入过程(Random Access Procedure)从UE接收该UE所配置的天线阵列的天线阵列几何信息；或者，其可以通过广播控制信道(BCCH)或x2接口从其它基站接收该其它基站所配置的天线阵列的天线阵列几何信息；或者，其可以通过s1接口从核心网接收其目标通信设备的天线阵列的天线阵列几何信息。
此外，在无线通信设备400也配置有天线阵列的情况下，通信单元401还可以被配置为向其目标通信设备发送其自身天线阵列的天线阵列 配置信息。上述的天线阵列配置信息例如可以包括天线阵列几何信息和/或天线数量信息。
天线阵列几何信息解析单元402被配置为基于该包含天线阵列几何信息的信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置。上述信号可以通过各种方式来指示天线阵列几何配置。例如，上述信号可以包含实际天线阵列几何配置，也可以通过包含指示无线通信设备400能够访问的预存天线阵列几何配置信息的索引的方式来指示天线阵列几何配置，也可以通过这两种方式的组合来指示天线阵列几何配置。
图5是例示根据本公开实施例的由无线通信设备400使用的无线通信方法的流程图。在步骤S501中，从目标通信设备(例如无线通信设备100)接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列(天线阵列100X)的几何信息的信号。根据系统需求，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。在步骤S502中，基于该信号解析出目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置。具体接收和解析方式以结合图4进行了描述，这里不再重复。
下面结合图6描述作为无线通信设备400的进一步实施例的无线通信设备600的结构。图6是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备600的结构的框图。无线通信设备600包括：通信单元601、天线阵列几何信息解析单元602以及信道估计单元603。其中天线阵列几何信息解析单元602与天线阵列集合信息解析单元402功能和结构相同，下面不再赘述。
通信单元601除了从无线通信设备600的目标通信设备接收包含该目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号之外，还可以被配置为从该目标通信设备接收训练序列信号。训练序列信号能够反映出目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道特性。信道特性例如但不限于信道状态和信道质量。示例性地，在无线通信设备600被实现为UE时，训练序列信号例如是诸如CRS(公共参考信号，common reference signal)、CSI-RS(信道状态信息参考信号，channel status information reference signal)的下行参考信号。示例性地，在无线通信设备600被实现为基站时，训练序列信号例如是诸如SRS(探测参考信号，sounding reference signal)、DM-RS(解码参考信号，demodulation reference signal)等的上行参考信号。通信单元601将接收到的训练序列信号输入到信道估计单元603。
信道估计单元603可以被配置为基于输入的训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道特性。这里，信道估计单元603可以 以本领域公知的任何方法来根据相应训练序列信号估计期望得知的信道特性。例如，根据需要，可以根据CSI-RS(信道状态信息参考信号，channel status information reference signal)信号来估计下行信道的信道状态(信道质量)。这里，需要说明的是：信道估计单元603估计的目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道特性既可以是瞬时信道特性，也可以是信道统计特性，或它们二者。
下面结合图7描述作为无线通信设备600的进一步实施例的无线通信设备700的结构。图7是例示根据本公开实施例的无线通信设备700的结构的框图。无线通信设备700包括：通信单元701、天线阵列几何信息解析单元702、信道估计单元703以及信道反馈信息确定单元704。其中，通信单元701、天线阵列几何信息解析单元702和信道估计单元703的结构与结合图6描述的通信单元601、天线阵列几何信息解析单元602和信道估计单元603功能和结构相同。因此，下面省略重复描述。
信道反馈信息确定单元704可以被配置为基于由天线阵列几何信息解析单元702获得的天线阵列几何配置与由信道估计单元703获得的信道估计结果，确定用于指示目标通信设备到无线通信设备700的信道特性的信道反馈信息。然后，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以将确定的信道反馈信息提供到通信单元701，以由通信单元701将所确定的信道反馈信息发送至目标通信设备，以将信道特性通知给目标通信设备。下文中，将对信道反馈信息确定单元704基于天线阵列几何配置与信道估计结果来确定指示信道特性的信道反馈信息的处理举例进行描述。
在现有多天线系统的信道反馈方案中，多种天线阵列配置共享一个码本。共享码本中包括了针对不同天线阵列配置的码字。对于某种天线阵列配置，共享码本中针对其它天线阵列配置的码字可视为是无效的。因此，对于某种天线阵列配置来说，共享码本是一个低效的码本，会带来不必要的信道反馈开销。
针对存在的问题，根据本公开的一个实施例，可以针对具有不同天线阵列几何配置的天线阵列提供不同的码本。具体地说，可以依据天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中的一个或多个来准备不同的码本。由于针对某种天线阵列配置，相应的码本中不存在针对其它天线阵列配置的码字，因而会减少不必要的信道反馈开销。
在该实施例中实现时，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以依据天线阵列几何配置确定该天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。根据需要，信道反馈 信息确定单元704可以依据预先确定的规则或方式来确定反馈码本。例如，无线通信设备700还可以包括码本存储单元(未示出)。码本存储单元可以被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本。在这种情况下，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以通过查询码本存储单元来确定天线阵列几何配置所对应的反馈码本。
进一步地，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以确定该反馈码本中与由信道估计单元703做出的信道估计结果匹配的码字。然后，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以将所确定的码字的索引号包含于信道反馈信息中，以供通信设备701将码字的索引号反馈给目标通信设备。
在一个实施例中，例如，反馈码本可以包括预编码矩阵码本。
在本实施例中，需要说明的是：信道估计单元703估计的目标通信设备到无线通信设备700的信道特性可以包括瞬时信道特性与信道统计特性中至少之一。因此，根据所采用的信道特性类型，信道反馈信息确定单元704可以基于天线阵列几何配置确定与瞬时信道特性对应的信道反馈信息，和/或与信道统计特性对应的信道反馈信息。例如，在LTE-A系统的两级(two stage)反馈方案中，瞬时信道特性和信道统计特性都以预编码矩阵指示(PMI)方式反馈，前者从与天线配置对应的短期码本中确定反馈信息而后者从与天线配置对应的长期码本中确定反馈信息。
相对应地，图8是例示根据本公开实施例的、作为无线通信设备700的目标通信设备的、无线通信设备800的结构的框图。无线通信设备800是无线通信设备100的进一步的实施例，其配置有天线阵列800X。无线通信设备800包括：天线阵列几何信息生成单元801、通信单元802以及信道信息确定单元803。天线阵列几何信息生成单元801的功能和结构与天线阵列几何信息生成单元101相似，下面省略重复描述。
通信单元802除向无线通信设备800的目标通信设备(例如无线通信设备700)发送包含自身天线阵列的几何信息的信号之外，还可以被配置为从目标通信设备接收关于无线通信设备800到该目标通信设备的信道的信道反馈信息。在通信单元802接收到信道反馈信息并将其提供给信道信息确定单元803之后，信道信息确定单元803可以依据无线通信设备800自身的天线阵列几何配置与该信道反馈信息确定无线通信设备800到该目标通信设备的信道特性。
在一个实施例中，信道反馈信息可以包括天线阵列几何配置对应的反 馈码本中的码字索引号。信道信息确定单元803可以被配置为基于无线通信设备800自身的天线阵列几何配置与码字索引号确定无线通信设备800到目标通信设备的信道特性。
具体地，无线通信设备800还可以包括码本存储单元。码本存储单元可以被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本。在这种情况下，信道信息确定单元803可以通过查询码本存储单元确定天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。
在一个实施例中，反馈码本可以包括预编码矩阵码本。在该实施例中，信道信息确定单元803可以依据天线阵列几何配置与码字索引号确定用于目标通信设备的预编码矩阵。
作为一个具体实施例，在一个使用频分双工(FDD)模式的无线通信蜂窝系统中，基站与UE设备进行通信。UE设备需要根据信道情况反馈预编码矩阵指示(PMI)给基站。假设基站的M个天线元素的天线阵列以如图2所示(a)至(d)配置方式中的一种配置。
在该实施例中，基站与用户设备端预存了针对(a)至(d)四种天线阵列配置的四个码本。基站(无线通信设备800的示例)通过广播信息通知用户设备(无线通信设备700的示例)其天线阵列配置。用户设备通过基站的广播信息获知基站的天线阵列配置，并选择与基站天线阵列配置相对应的码本用于信道反馈。用户设备对下行信道进行信道估计，使用下行信道信息从与基站天线阵列配置相对应的码本中选择码字。用户设备将所选择码字的检索号作为PMI发送给基站。基站收到PMI后在与其天线阵列配置相对应的码本中进行检索，抽取出所对应的码字作为用户设备发送的预编码矩阵信息。
假设针对每种天线阵列配置有2n个码字使用本发明。如果使用现有信道反馈技术中包括了针对所有4种配置的码字的码本，每次信道反馈量为n+2比特。而使用本发明，每次信道反馈量为n比特。可见，使用本发明可以大大降低信道反馈开销。
在上述实施例中，针对图2中的(a)至(d)四种天线阵列配置预存了四个码本。可选择地，也可以仅根据几何信息中的某一项或多项来预存码本。例如，可以为单极化元素的天线阵列(配置(a)和(c))预存一个码本，而为正交极化元素的天线阵列(配置(b)和(d))预存另一个码本。
返回图6。如上文中描述的，由信道估计单元603所估计的、目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道特性包括瞬时信道特性与信道统计特性中的至少之一。信道估计单元603可以使用本领域已知的各种方法对瞬时信道特性与信道统计特性进行估计。在现有多天线系统中，对信道特性统计值进行估计的技术主要是基于时间平均。相比于瞬时信道特性，这样的信道统计特性由于属于长期特性而不易受波动因素的影响。发明人认识到，在天线阵列中，如果不同天线对的每个天线对的天线间的相对位置关系相同或相似，则每个天线对的天线间的信道相关也相同或相似。如果对这样的天线对的天线间瞬时信道相关求平均，则也能达到消除或减弱波动因素的影响的目的。可以根据涉及天线阵列中天线元素的几何分布的天线阵列配置(天线阵列几何信息)来识别这样的天线对。通过这样的方式，由于增加了样本，能够在不需要较长的时间开销的情况下获得足够的估计精度。
在根据本公开的一个实施例中，信道估计单元603可以被配置为基于训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的瞬时信道特性，并且基于估计出的瞬时信道特性与目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置来估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道统计特性。
信道估计单元603可以利用本领域已知的各种方法基于训练序列信号来估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道特性。训练序列信号可以例如是诸如CRS、CSI-RS的下行参考信号或者诸如DM-RS的上行参考信号等。
在一个实施例中，信道估计单元603可以基于天线阵列中多个天线对的反映天线间相关的瞬时信道估计值，来确定其中至少一个天线对的反映天线间相关的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备600的信道统计特性。上述多个天线对是相对几何关系基本相同的天线对。可以这样理解天线对的相对几何关系基本相同：在每一天线对中，包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，而天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系基本相同。
在本文中，第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系可以包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。图9示意性例示出同类天线对最简单的例子。在图9的例子中，各天线元素的极化方向相同，同类天线对是空间位置基本相同的天线对。这里，空间位置可以包括第一和第二天线元素之间 的距离及二维相对坐标等。在考虑极化方向偏离的情况下，例如，当第一和第二天线元素的极化角之差的绝对值小于等于预定阈值即可认为两个天线元素极化方向相同。这里，该阈值可以例如是45°。
在一个实施例中，通信单元601可以在不同时间点多次接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号。信道估计单元603可以基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算几何关系基本相同的多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对该平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。作为计算基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值的例子，例如但不限于，可以计算天线间天线系数的相关的平均值或者协方差等。例如，假设天线i和j的对应瞬时信道系数为hi和hj，则基于天线i和j的瞬时信道估计值的平均值例如可以被计算为hi×hj*的平均值。符号“*”表示共轭运算。可选择地，也可以被计算为E((hi-E(hi))(hj-E(hj)*)。其中，E()表示期望值。
此外，基于天线阵列几何信息来估计信道统计特性的方法不仅适用于接收目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的无线通信设备600/700，同样也适用于本身配置有天线阵列并基于本身的天线阵列的几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息的无线通信设备800。
回到图8。通信单元802还可以被配置为接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号。例如，在无线通信设备800被实现为基站时，训练序列信号可以例如是诸如SRS(探测参考信号，sounding reference signal)的上行参考信号。
无线通信设备800还可以包括信道估计单元(未示出)，用于基于训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备800的瞬时信道特性，并且基于所估计的瞬时信道特性与天线阵列800X的天线阵列几何配置估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备800的信道统计特性。
例如，无线通信设备800的信道估计单元基于天线阵列800X中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对的瞬时信道估计值，确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备800的信道统计特性。如上所述，天线对的相对几何关系基本相同可以理解为：每一天线对包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系基本相同。相似地，第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系可以包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。
通信单元802可以在不同时间点多次接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号。无线通信设备800的信道估计单元可以基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对该平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。
捎带说明，通信单元802可以被配置为向其目标通信设备发送天线阵列800X的天线数量信息。天线数量信息和/或天线阵列几何信息都属于天线配置信息。可以理解，通信单元802也可以被配置为从其目标通信设备接收其目标通信设备配置的天线阵列的配置信息。在一些例子中，例如，通信双方可以根据自身和对方的天线配置信息选择码本。
与传统信道统计特性估计基于时间平均相比，基于天线阵列几何信息能够更加快速地估计信道统计特性(信道统计信息估计值)，大大降低了时间开销。此外，假设在相同的时间开销下，基于天线阵列几何信息的快速估计比传统方法的准确率明显增高。
下文中，以一个具体实施例为例详细描述基于天线阵列几何信息的信道统计特性快速估计方法。
作为一个具体实施例，在一个无线通信蜂窝系统中，基站与UE进行通信。基站侧部署了大规模天线阵列，所有基站的天线配置信息记录在某核心网设备的数据库中。该核心网设备通知基站其天线配置的几何信息(作为基于天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息的一种实现形式)。可选择地，UE发送诸如SRS的训练序列信号，并且，基站使用根据本公开的信道统计信息快速估计方法对其与UE之间的上行信道进行信道统计信息估计。估计得到的信道统计信息可以用于利用该信道统计信息的用户调度、导频分配、预编码等。或者，可选择地，基站将获得的天线阵列几何信息通过例如广播控制信道发送给UE，并且向UE发送诸如CRS的训练序列信号；并且UE使用根据本公开的信道统计信息快速估计方法对其与基站之间的下行信道进行信道统计信息估计。估计得到的信道统计信息可以用于利用该信道统计信息的小区切换、预编码等。为了方便起见，下面以在UE中进行快速估计为例进行描述。
具体地，参考图10和图11。图10是例示根据本公开实施例的平面天线阵的示意图。图11是例示图10所示平面阵的天线元素编号方式的示意图。假设基站安装了如图10所示的由My×Mx个同极天线元素组成的平 面天线阵列，并且基站与一个单天线的用户设备通信。如图11所示，天线阵列的天线元素按顺序标为0，1，…，MxMy-1。所要估计的统计参数为如下式(1)所示的相关矩阵R：
R＝E(hHh)    (1)
其中，信道向量h为长度为MxMy的行向量。
在UE获得基站的天线阵列几何信息之后，建立一个天线对相对位置表。该天线对相对位置表记录
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000007
对天线对的相对位置信息。对于一个由天线序号分别为m和n的天线组成的以天线m为主的天线对，标记为(m,n)。记录天线元素m的二维坐标为(ym,xm)。天线对(m,n)对应的相对位置pmn在表内记录为(ym-yn,xm-xn)，即pmn＝(ym-yn,xm-xn)。
然后，UE可以进行如下统计预处理：
如式(2)所示比较每两对天线的相对位置，以得到系数a[(m,n),
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000008
]：
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000009
然后，如式(3)所示对每个天线对(m,n)生成如下矩阵Amn：
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000010
其中，矩阵Amn为天线对(m,n)的同类天线库。
接下来，UE可以进行统计信息快速估计处理。具体地，根据同类天线库Amn以及信道的当前瞬时估计值
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000011
估计相关矩阵R，得到估计值
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000012
式(4)示出第(m,n)个矩阵元素的
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000014
其中，“°”为Hadamard乘积，
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000015
为将矩阵X内的所有矩阵元素加和。
接下来，UE可以使用第t次得到的快速估计结果
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000016
与上一次得到的
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000017
进行平均，以得到这次信道估计的结果，如式(5)所示：
Figure PCTCN2015088000-appb-000018
在初次做快速估计时，UE不需进行时间平均。
以上参照按照本发明实施例的方法、设备的流程图和/或框图描述本发明。应当注意，为了清楚的目的，附图和说明中省略了与本发明无关的、本领域普通技术人员已知的部件和处理的表示和描述。流程图和/或框图的每个方框以及流程图和/或框图中各方框的组合，都可以由计算机程序指令实现。这些计算机程序指令可以提供给通用计算机、专用计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置的处理器，从而生产出一种机器，使得通过计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置执行的这些指令，产生实现流程图和/或框图中的方框中规定的功能/操作的装置。
也可以把这些计算机程序指令存储在能指令计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置以特定方式工作的计算机可读介质中，这样，存储在计算机可读介质中的指令产生一个包括实现流程图和/或框图中的方框中规定的功能/操作的指令装置(instruction means)的制造品。
也可以把计算机程序指令加载到计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置上，使得在计算机或其它可编程数据处理装置上执行一系列操作步骤，以产生计算机实现的过程，从而在计算机或其它可编程装置上执行的指令就提供实现流程图和/或框图中的方框中规定的功能/操作的过程。
应当明白，附图中的流程图和框图，图示了按照本发明各种实施例的系统、方法和计算机程序产品的可能实现的体系架构、功能和操作。在这点上，流程图或框图中的每个方框可以代表一个模块、程序段、或代码的一部分，所述模块、程序段、或代码的一部分包含一个或多个用于实现规定的逻辑功能的可执行指令。也应当注意，在有些作为替换的实现中，方框中所标注的功能也可以以不同于附图中所标注的顺序发生。例如，两个接连地表示的方框实际上可以基本并行地执行，它们有时也可以按相反的顺序执行，这依所涉及的功能而定。也要注意的是，框图和/或流程图中 的每个方框、以及框图和/或流程图中的方框的组合，可以用执行规定的功能或操作的专用的基于硬件的系统来实现，或者可以用专用硬件与计算机指令的组合来实现。
图12是例示能够实现本发明的计算机的示例性结构的框图。在图12中，中央处理单元(CPU)1201根据只读存储器(ROM)1202中存储的程序或从存储部分1208加载到随机存取存储器(RAM)1203的程序执行各种处理。在RAM 1203中，也根据需要存储当CPU 1201执行各种处理时所需的数据。
CPU 1201、ROM 1202和RAM 1203经由总线1204彼此连接。输入/输出接口1205也连接到总线1204。
下述部件连接到输入/输出接口1205：输入部分1206，包括键盘、鼠标等；输出部分1207，包括显示器，诸如阴极射线管(CRT)、液晶显示器(LCD)等，以及扬声器等；存储部分1208，包括硬盘等；以及通信部分1209，包括网络接口卡诸如LAN卡、调制解调器等。通信部分1209经由网络诸如因特网执行通信处理。
根据需要，驱动器1210也连接到输入/输出接口1205。可拆卸介质1211诸如磁盘、光盘、磁光盘、半导体存储器等根据需要被安装在驱动器1210上，使得从中读出的计算机程序根据需要被安装到存储部分1208中。
在通过软件实现上述步骤和处理的情况下，从网络诸如因特网或存储介质诸如可拆卸介质1211安装构成软件的程序。
本领域的技术人员应当理解，这种存储介质不局限于图12所示的其中存储有程序、与方法相分离地分发以向用户提供程序的可拆卸介质1211。可拆卸介质1211的例子包含磁盘、光盘(包含光盘只读存储器(CD-ROM)和数字通用盘(DVD))、磁光盘(包含迷你盘(MD))和半导体存储器。或者，存储介质可以是ROM 1202、存储部分1208中包含的硬盘等，其中存有程序，并且与包含它们的方法一起被分发给用户。
根据本公开的基站例如可以被实现为任何类型的演进型节点B(eNB)，诸如宏eNB和小eNB。小eNB可以为覆盖比宏小区小的小区的eNB，诸如微微eNB、微eNB和家庭(毫微微)eNB。代替地，基站可以被实现为任何其它类型的基站，诸如NodeB和基站收发台(BTS)。基站可以包括：被配置为控制无线通信的主体(也称为基站设备)；以及设 置在与主体不同的地方的一个或多个远程无线头端(RRH)。其中，随着C-RAN(Centralized,Cooperative,Cloud RAN)的发展，上述的控制无线通信的主体也可以是基带云端的处理设备例如服务器。另外，下面将描述的各种类型的终端均可以通过暂时地或半持久性地执行基站功能而作为基站工作。
根据本公开的用户设备例如可以被实现为移动终端(诸如智能电话、平板个人计算机(PC)、笔记本式PC、智能穿戴设备、便携式游戏终端、便携式/加密狗型移动路由器和数字摄像装置)或者车载终端(诸如汽车导航设备)。用户设备还可以被实现为执行机器对机器(M2M)通信的终端(也称为机器类型通信(MTC)终端)。此外，用户设备可以为安装在上述终端中的每个终端上的无线通信模块(诸如包括单个晶片的集成电路模块)。
下文中，将结合图13至图15举例说明基站和用户设备的应用示例。
图13是例示可以应用本公开技术的eNB的示意性配置的第一示例的框图。eNB 1300包括一个或多个天线1310以及基站设备1320。基站设备1320和每个天线1310可以经由RF线缆彼此连接。
天线1310中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在多输入多输出(MIMO)天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于基站设备1320发送和接收无线信号。如图13所示，eNB 1300可以包括多个天线1310。例如，多个天线1310可以与eNB 1300使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图13示出其中eNB 1300包括多个天线1310的示例，但是eNB 1300也可以包括单个天线1310。
基站设备1320包括控制器1321、存储器1322、网络接口1323以及无线通信接口1325。
控制器1321可以为例如CPU或DSP，并且操作基站设备1320的较高层的各种功能。例如，控制器1321根据由无线通信接口1325处理的信号中的数据来生成数据分组，并经由网络接口1323来传递所生成的分组。控制器1321可以对来自多个基带处理器的数据进行捆绑以生成捆绑分组，并传递所生成的捆绑分组。控制器1321可以具有执行如下控制的逻辑功能：该控制诸如为无线资源控制、无线承载控制、移动性管理、接纳控制和调度。该控制可以结合附近的eNB或核心网节点来执行。存储器1322包括RAM和ROM，并且存储由控制器1321执行的程序和各种类 型的控制数据(诸如终端列表、传输功率数据以及调度数据)。
网络接口1323为用于将基站设备1320连接至核心网1324的通信接口。控制器1321可以经由网络接口1323而与核心网节点或另外的eNB进行通信。在此情况下，eNB 1300与核心网节点或其它eNB可以通过逻辑接口(诸如S1接口和X2接口)而彼此连接。网络接口1323还可以为有线通信接口或用于无线回程线路的无线通信接口。如果网络接口1323为无线通信接口，则与由无线通信接口1325使用的频带相比，网络接口1323可以使用较高频带用于无线通信。
无线通信接口1325支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如长期演进(LTE)和LTE-先进)，并且经由天线1310来提供到位于eNB 1300的小区中的终端的无线连接。无线通信接口1325通常可以包括例如基带(BB)处理器1326和RF电路1327。BB处理器1326可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行层(例如L1、介质访问控制(MAC)、无线链路控制(RLC)和分组数据汇聚协议(PDCP))的各种类型的信号处理。代替控制器1321，BB处理器1326可以具有上述逻辑功能的一部分或全部。BB处理器1326可以为存储通信控制程序的存储器，或者为包括被配置为执行程序的处理器和相关电路的模块。更新程序可以使BB处理器1326的功能改变。该模块可以为插入到基站设备1320的槽中的卡或刀片。可替代地，该模块也可以为安装在卡或刀片上的芯片。同时，RF电路1327可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线1310来传送和接收无线信号。
如图13所示，无线通信接口1325可以包括多个BB处理器1326。例如，多个BB处理器1326可以与eNB 1300使用的多个频带兼容。如图13所示，无线通信接口1325可以包括多个RF电路1327。例如，多个RF电路1327可以与多个天线元件兼容。虽然图13示出其中无线通信接口1325包括多个BB处理器1326和多个RF电路1327的示例，但是无线通信接口1325也可以包括单个BB处理器1326或单个RF电路1327。
图14是例示可以应用本公开技术的eNB的示意性配置的第二示例的框图。eNB 1400包括一个或多个天线1410、基站设备1420和RRH 1430。RRH 1430和每个天线1410可以经由RF线缆而彼此连接。基站设备1420和RRH 1430可以经由诸如光纤线缆的高速线路而彼此连接。
天线1410中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)并且用于RRH 1430发送和接收无线信 号。如图14所示，eNB 1400可以包括多个天线1410。例如，多个天线1410可以与eNB 1400使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图14示出其中eNB 1400包括多个天线1410的示例，但是eNB 1400也可以包括单个天线1410。
基站设备1420包括控制器1421、存储器1422、网络接口1423、无线通信接口1425以及连接接口1427。控制器1421、存储器1422和网络接口1423与参照图13描述的控制器1321、存储器1322和网络接口1323相同。网络接口1423用于将基站设备1420连接至核心网1424。
无线通信接口1425支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-先进)，并且经由RRH 1430和天线1410来提供到位于与RRH 1430对应的扇区中的终端的无线通信。无线通信接口1425通常可以包括例如BB处理器1426。除了BB处理器1426经由连接接口1427连接到RRH 1430的RF电路1434之外，BB处理器1426与参照图13描述的BB处理器1326相同。如图14所示，无线通信接口1425可以包括多个BB处理器1426。例如，多个BB处理器1426可以与eNB 1400使用的多个频带兼容。虽然图14示出其中无线通信接口1425包括多个BB处理器1426的示例，但是无线通信接口1425也可以包括单个BB处理器1426。
连接接口1427为用于将基站设备1420(无线通信接口1425)连接至RRH 1430的接口。连接接口1427还可以为用于将基站设备1420(无线通信接口1425)连接至RRH 1430的上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
RRH 1430包括连接接口1431和无线通信接口1433。
连接接口1431为用于将RRH 1430(无线通信接口1433)连接至基站设备1420的接口。连接接口1431还可以为用于上述高速线路中的通信的通信模块。
无线通信接口1433经由天线1410来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口1433通常可以包括例如RF电路1434。RF电路1434可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线1410来传送和接收无线信号。如图14所示，无线通信接口1433可以包括多个RF电路1434。例如，多个RF电路1434可以支持多个天线元件。虽然图14示出其中无线通信接口1433包括多个RF电路1434的示例，但是无线通信接口1433也可以包括单个RF电路1434。
在图13和图14所示的eNB 1300和eNB 1400中，分别由图1、图4、图6、图7和图8描述的通信单元102、401、601、701和802可以由无 线通信接口1325以及无线通信接口1425和/或无线通信接口1433实现。功能的至少一部分也可以由控制器1321和控制器1421实现。例如，以图13的示例实现的无线通信设备100可以通过控制器1321执行天线阵列几何信息生成单元101的功能。
图15是例示可以应用本公开技术的智能电话1500的示意性配置的的框图。智能电话1500包括处理器1501、存储器1502、存储装置1503、外部连接接口1504、摄像装置1506、传感器1507、麦克风1508、输入装置1509、显示装置1510、扬声器1511、无线通信接口1512、一个或多个天线开关1515、一个或多个天线1516、总线1517、电池1518以及辅助控制器1519。
处理器1501可以为例如CPU或片上系统(SoC)，并且控制智能电话1500的应用层和另外层的功能。存储器1502包括RAM和ROM，并且存储数据和由处理器1501执行的程序。存储装置1503可以包括存储介质，诸如半导体存储器和硬盘。外部连接接口1504为用于将外部装置(诸如存储卡和通用串行总线(USB)装置)连接至智能电话1500的接口。
摄像装置1506包括图像传感器(诸如电荷耦合器件(CCD)和互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS))，并且生成捕获图像。传感器1507可以包括一组传感器，诸如测量传感器、陀螺仪传感器、地磁传感器和加速度传感器。麦克风1508将输入到智能电话1500的声音转换为音频信号。输入装置1509包括例如被配置为检测显示装置1510的屏幕上的触摸的触摸传感器、小键盘、键盘、按钮或开关，并且接收从用户输入的操作或信息。显示装置1510包括屏幕(诸如液晶显示器(LCD)和有机发光二极管(OLED)显示器)，并且显示智能电话1500的输出图像。扬声器1511将从智能电话1500输出的音频信号转换为声音。
无线通信接口1512支持任何蜂窝通信方案(诸如LTE和LTE-先进)，并且执行无线通信。无线通信接口1512通常可以包括例如BB处理器1513和RF电路1514。BB处理器1513可以执行例如编码/解码、调制/解调以及复用/解复用，并且执行用于无线通信的各种类型的信号处理。同时，RF电路1514可以包括例如混频器、滤波器和放大器，并且经由天线1516来传送和接收无线信号。无线通信接口1512可以为其上集成有BB处理器1513和RF电路1514的一个芯片模块。如图15所示，无线通信接口1512可以包括多个BB处理器1513和多个RF电路1514。虽然图15示出其中无线通信接口1512包括多个BB处理器1513和多个RF电路1514 的示例，但是无线通信接口1512也可以包括单个BB处理器1513或单个RF电路1514。
此外，除了蜂窝通信方案之外，无线通信接口1512可以支持另外类型的无线通信方案，诸如短距离无线通信方案、近场通信方案和无线局域网(LAN)方案。在此情况下，无线通信接口1512可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的BB处理器1513和RF电路1514。
天线开关1515中的每一个在包括在无线通信接口1512中的多个电路(例如用于不同的无线通信方案的电路)之间切换天线1516的连接目的地。
天线1516中的每一个均包括单个或多个天线元件(诸如包括在MIMO天线中的多个天线元件)，并且用于无线通信接口1512传送和接收无线信号。如图15所示，智能电话1500可以包括多个天线1516。虽然图15示出其中智能电话1500包括多个天线1516的示例，但是智能电话1500也可以包括单个天线1516。
此外，智能电话1500可以包括针对每种无线通信方案的天线1516。在此情况下，天线开关1515可以从智能电话1500的配置中省略。
总线1517将处理器1501、存储器1502、存储装置1503、外部连接接口1504、摄像装置1506、传感器1507、麦克风1508、输入装置1509、显示装置1510、扬声器1511、无线通信接口1512以及辅助控制器1519彼此连接。电池1518经由馈线向图15所示的智能电话1500的各个块提供电力，馈线在图中被部分地示为虚线。辅助控制器1519例如在睡眠模式下操作智能电话1500的最小必需功能。
在图15所示的智能电话1500中，由例如图4描述的通信设备401可以由无线通信接口1512实现。功能的至少一部分也可以由处理器1501或辅助控制器1519实现。
可以理解，本文中所用的术语，仅仅是为了描述特定的实施例，而不意图限定本发明。本文中所用的单数形式的“一”和“该”，旨在也包括复数形式，除非上下文中明确地另行指出。还要知道，“包含”一词在本说明书中使用时，说明存在所指出的特征、整体、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件，但是并不排除存在或增加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、单元和/或组件，以及/或者它们的组合。
在前面的说明书中参照特定实施例描述了本发明。然而本领域的普通 技术人员理解，在不偏离如权利要求书限定的本发明的范围的前提下可以进行各种修改和改变。
根据本公开的技术还可以以下面的实施例来实现。
1.一种无线通信设备，参与涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：
通信单元，被配置为从无线通信设备的目标通信设备接收包含目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及
天线阵列几何信息解析单元，被配置为基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，
其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
2.根据实施例1的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元还被配置为从目标通信设备接收训练序列信号，无线通信设备还包括
信道估计单元，被配置为基于训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道特性。
3.根据实施例2的无线通信设备，还包括信道反馈信息确定单元，被配置为基于天线阵列几何配置与信道估计单元的信道估计结果，确定用于指示目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道特性的信道反馈信息，其中
通信单元还被配置为将信道反馈信息发送至目标通信设备。
4.根据实施例3的无线通信设备，其中，信道反馈信息确定单元依据天线阵列几何配置确定天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本，并且进一步确定反馈码本中与信道估计结果匹配的码字，以及将码字的索引号包含于信道反馈信息中。
5.根据实施例4的无线通信设备，还包括：码本存储单元，被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本，其中，信道反馈信息确定单元通过查询码本存储单元确定天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。
6.根据实施例4或5的无线通信设备，其中，反馈码本包括预编码矩阵码本。
7.根据实施例3-6任一项的无线通信设备，其中，信道估计单元估计的目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道特性包括瞬时信道特性与信道统计特性中至少之一，信道反馈信息确定单元基于天线阵列几何配置确定相 应的信道反馈信息。
8.根据实施例2-6任一项的无线通信设备，其中，信道估计单元基于训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的瞬时信道特性，并且基于瞬时信道特性与目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道统计特性。
9.根据实施例8的无线通信设备，其中，信道估计单元基于天线阵列中相对几何关系相同的多个天线对的瞬时信道估计值，确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道统计特性，
其中，每一天线对包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，天线阵列中相对几何关系相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系相同。
10.根据实施例9的无线通信设备，其中，第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。
11.根据实施例9的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元在不同时间点多次接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号，信道估计单元基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。
12.根据实施例1-11的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元还被配置为向目标通信设备发送无线通信设备的天线阵列配置信息，其中，天线阵列配置信息包括天线数量以及/或者天线阵列几何信息。
13.一种无线通信设备，配置有天线阵列，包括：
天线阵列几何信息生成单元，被配置为基于无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及
通信单元，被配置为向无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列几何信息的信号。
14.根据实施例13的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元还被配置为从目标通信设备接收关于无线通信设备到目标通信设备的信道的信道反馈 信息，以及无线通信设备还包括
信道信息确定单元，被配置为基于天线阵列几何配置与信道反馈信息确定无线通信设备到目标通信设备的信道特性。
15.根据实施例14的无线通信设备，其中，信道反馈信息包括天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本中的码字索引号,信道信息确定单元依据天线阵列几何配置与码字索引号确定无线通信设备到目标通信设备的信道特性。
16.根据实施例15的无线通信设备，还包括，码本存储单元，被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本，其中，信道信息确定单元通过查询码本存储单元确定天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。
17.根据实施例15或16的无线通信设备，其中，反馈码本包括预编码矩阵码本，信道信息确定单元依据天线阵列几何配置与码字索引号确定用于目标通信设备的预编码矩阵。
18.根据实施例13的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元还被配置为接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号，以及无线通信设备还包括信道估计单元，被配置为基于训练序列信号估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的瞬时信道特性，并且基于瞬时信道特性与天线阵列几何配置估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道统计特性。
19.根据实施例18的无线通信设备，其中，信道估计单元基于天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对的瞬时信道估计值，确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计目标通信设备到无线通信设备的信道统计特性，
其中，每一天线对包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系基本相同。
20.根据实施例19的无线通信设备，其中，第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。
21根据实施例19的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元在不同时间点多次接收来自目标通信设备的训练序列信号，信道估计单元基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。
22.根据实施例14-21中至少之一的无线通信设备，其中，通信单元还被配置为自目标通信设备接收目标通信设备的天线阵列配置信息，目标通信设备的天线阵列配置信息包括天线数量以及/或者天线阵列几何信息。
23.一种无线通信方法，用于涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：
从目标通信设备接收包含目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及
基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，
其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
24.一种在配置有天线阵列的无线通信设备中使用的无线通信方法，包括：
基于无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及
向无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列几何信息的信号。
25.一种无线通信设备，参与涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：
处理电路(包括一个或多个处理器)，被配置为控制从无线通信设备的目标通信设备接收包含目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及基于信号确定目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，
其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
26.一种无线通信设备，配置有天线阵列，包括：
处理电路(包括一个或多个处理器)，被配置为基于无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及控制向无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含天线阵列几何信息的信号。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种无线通信设备，参与涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：
    通信单元，被配置为从所述无线通信设备的目标通信设备接收包含所述目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及
    天线阵列几何信息解析单元，被配置为基于所述信号确定所述目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，
    其中，所述天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元还被配置为从所述目标通信设备接收训练序列信号，所述无线通信设备还包括
    信道估计单元，被配置为基于所述训练序列信号估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道特性。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的无线通信设备，还包括信道反馈信息确定单元，被配置为基于所述天线阵列几何配置与所述信道估计单元的信道估计结果，确定用于指示所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道特性的信道反馈信息，其中
    所述通信单元还被配置为将所述信道反馈信息发送至所述目标通信设备。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道反馈信息确定单元依据所述天线阵列几何配置确定所述天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本，并且进一步确定所述反馈码本中与所述信道估计结果匹配的码字，以及将所述码字的索引号包含于所述信道反馈信息中。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的无线通信设备，还包括：码本存储单元，被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本，其中，所述信道反馈信息确定单元通过查询所述码本存储单元确定所述天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述反馈码本包括所述预编码矩阵码本。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任一项所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道估计单元估计的所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道特性包括瞬时信道特性与信道统计特性中至少之一，所述信道反馈信息确定单元基于所述天线阵列几何配置确定相应的信道反馈信息。
  8. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道估计单元基于所述训练序列信号估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的瞬时信道特性，并且基于所述瞬时信道特性与所述目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道统计特性。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道估计单元基于所述天线阵列中相对几何关系相同的多个天线对的瞬时信道估计值，确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道统计特性，
    其中，每一天线对包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，所述天线阵列中相对几何关系相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系相同。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的无线通信设备，其中，第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元在不同时间点多次接收来自所述目标通信设备的训练序列信号，所述信道估计单元基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算所述多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对所述平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。
  12. 根据权利要求1-11所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元还被配置为向所述目标通信设备发送所述无线通信设备的天线阵列配置信息，其中，所述天线阵列配置信息包括天线数量以及/或者天线阵列几何信息。
  13. 一种无线通信设备，配置有天线阵列，包括：
    天线阵列几何信息生成单元，被配置为基于所述无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，所述天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及
    通信单元，被配置为向所述无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含所述天线阵列几何信息的信号。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元还被配置为从所述目标通信设备接收关于所述无线通信设备到所述目标通信设备的信道的信道反馈信息，以及所述无线通信设备还包括
    信道信息确定单元，被配置为基于所述天线阵列几何配置与所述信道反馈信息确定所述无线通信设备到所述目标通信设备的信道特性。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道反馈信息包括所述天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本中的码字索引号,所述信道信息确定单元依据所述天线阵列几何配置与所述码字索引号确定所述无线通信设备到所述目标通信设备的信道特性。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的无线通信设备，还包括，码本存储单元，被配置为存储对应多个天线阵列几何配置的多个反馈码本，其中，所述信道信息确定单元通过查询所述码本存储单元确定所述天线阵列几何配置对应的反馈码本。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述反馈码本包括预编码矩阵码本，所述信道信息确定单元依据所述天线阵列几何配置与所述码字索引号确定用于所述目标通信设备的预编码矩阵。
  18. 根据权利要求13所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元还被配置为接收来自所述目标通信设备的训练序列信号，以及所述无线通信设备还包括信道估计单元，被配置为基于所述训练序列信号估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的瞬时信道特性，并且基于所述瞬时信道特性与所述天线阵列几何配置估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道统计特性。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述信道估计单元基于所述天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对的瞬时信道估计值，确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值，从而估计所述目标通信设备到所述无线通信设备的信道统计特性，
    其中，每一天线对包含第一天线元素与第二天线元素，所述天线阵列中相对几何关系基本相同的多个天线对各自包含的第一天线元素相对于第二天线元素的几何关系基本相同。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的无线通信设备，其中，第一天线元素相 对于第二天线元素的几何关系包括空间位置偏离以及极化方向偏离。
  21. 根据权利要求19所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元在不同时间点多次接收来自所述目标通信设备的训练序列信号，所述信道估计单元基于每一次接收到的训练序列信号，计算所述多个天线对的基于瞬时信道估计值的平均值，并且对所述平均值进一步进行时间平均以确定其中至少一个天线对的信道统计信息估计值。
  22. 根据权利要求14-21中至少之一所述的无线通信设备，其中，所述通信单元还被配置为自所述目标通信设备接收所述目标通信设备的天线阵列配置信息，所述目标通信设备的天线阵列配置信息包括天线数量以及/或者天线阵列几何信息。
  23. 一种无线通信方法，用于涉及天线阵列的无线通信，包括：
    从目标通信设备接收包含所述目标通信设备的天线阵列几何信息的信号；以及
    基于所述信号确定所述目标通信设备的天线阵列几何配置，
    其中，所述天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一。
  24. 一种在配置有天线阵列的无线通信设备中使用的无线通信方法，包括：
    基于所述无线通信设备的天线阵列几何配置生成天线阵列几何信息，其中，所述天线阵列几何信息指示天线阵列中天线元素的几何排列方式、天线元素间隔以及天线极化方向中至少之一；以及
    向所述无线通信设备的目标通信设备发送包含所述天线阵列几何信息的信号。
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