WO2016024699A1 - 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents
스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 및 그 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016024699A1 WO2016024699A1 PCT/KR2015/004806 KR2015004806W WO2016024699A1 WO 2016024699 A1 WO2016024699 A1 WO 2016024699A1 KR 2015004806 W KR2015004806 W KR 2015004806W WO 2016024699 A1 WO2016024699 A1 WO 2016024699A1
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- separator
- electrode assembly
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0459—Cells or batteries with folded separator between plate-like electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/045—Cells or batteries with folded plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0436—Small-sized flat cells or batteries for portable equipment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/049—Processes for forming or storing electrodes in the battery container
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
- H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a stack-folding electrode assembly and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a stack-folding electrode assembly and a method of manufacturing the same, which can reduce the number of folding.
- lithium secondary batteries with high energy density, high operating voltage, and excellent storage and life characteristics are used for various mobile devices as well as various electronic products. It is widely used as an energy source.
- Secondary batteries are classified into roughly cylindrical cells, square cells, and pouch cells according to external and internal structural features. Among them, rectangular batteries and pouch cells having a small width to length are particularly noticeable. I am getting it.
- the electrode assembly of the anode / separation membrane / cathode structure constituting the secondary battery is largely divided into a jelly-roll type (wound type) and a stack type (lamination type) according to its structure.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly is coated with an electrode active material or the like on a metal foil used as a current collector, dried and pressed, cut into bands of a desired width and length, and the membrane is separated using a separator to form a spiral. It is manufactured by winding.
- the jelly-roll type electrode assembly is suitable for cylindrical batteries, but when applied to square or pouch type batteries, there are disadvantages such as peeling problems of electrode active materials and low space utilization.
- the stacked electrode assembly is a structure in which a plurality of anode and cathode unit cells are sequentially stacked, and there is an advantage that it is easy to obtain a rectangular shape, but when the manufacturing process is complicated and an impact is applied, the electrode is pushed and a short circuit occurs. There is a disadvantage that is caused.
- the mixed electrode assembly of the jelly-roll type and the stack type includes a full cell or a cathode (cathode) / membrane / anode (anode) / separation membrane having a uniform unit size of anode / separation membrane / cathode structure.
- a stack-foldable electrode assembly was developed in which a bicell having a bipolar structure was folded using a long continuous sheet of continuous separator sheet.
- FIG. 1 and 2 schematically show an exemplary structure and manufacturing process of such a stack-foldable electrode assembly.
- the C-type bicells 10, 13 and 14 of the cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure are sequentially and the A-type bicell of the anode / separator / cathode / separator / anode structure ( 11 and 12 are alternately superimposed, and the folding separator sheet 20 is interposed in each overlap part.
- Folding membrane sheet 20 has a unit length that can wrap the bi-cell, bend inward for each unit length to start each bi-cell in succession from the central bi-cell 10 to the outermost bi-cell 14 It is enclosed in an overlapping portion of the bicell with a wrapping structure.
- the end portion of the folding separator sheet 20 is finished by heat fusion or by attaching an adhesive tape 25 or the like.
- Such a stack-foldable electrode assembly may, for example, arrange bicells 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 on a long length of the separator sheet 20, and one end of the folded separator sheet 20. It is produced by winding sequentially starting at 21.
- the first and second bicells 10 and 11 have a width corresponding to at least one bicell.
- the outer surface of the first bi-cell 10 is completely coated with the folding separator sheet 20 in the winding process, and then the bottom electrode (cathode,-) of the first bi-cell 10
- the upper surface electrode (anode, +) of the second bicell 11 is in contact with it. Since the coating lengths of the folding separator sheets 20 are increased in the sequential lamination process due to the winding of the bicells 12, 13, and 14 after the second bicell 11, a gap between them in the winding direction is increased. It is arranged to increase in sequence.
- the bicells 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 should be configured such that the positive electrode and the negative electrode face each other at the stacked interface during the winding.
- Cell, and the second and third bicells 11 and 12 are bicells having the upper electrode as the positive electrode, and the upper electrodes as the fourth electrode 13 and the fifth bicell 14 having the negative electrode. It consists of a bicell. That is, the bicells are mounted in an arrangement in which two units are alternated.
- the stack-foldable electrode assembly compensates for the shortcomings of the jelly-roll and stack-type electrode assembly, but increases the number of bistack stacks to increase the number of folding cells for higher energy density. The problem of increased process time arises.
- time loss occurs due to the exchange of the cell type (A type bi-cell, C type bi-cell), thereby reducing battery manufacturing efficiency.
- Table 1 shows the number of electrodes according to the increase in the number of stacks in the stack-foldable electrode assembly as shown in FIG.
- Table 1 Stacks One 3 5 7 9 11 13 ... Number of electrodes 3 9 15 21 27 33 39 ...
- the number of electrodes since the number of electrodes has to be designed to increase the number of electrodes by six as the number of stacks increases, there is a problem in that the number of stacks for cell performance, such as thickness, capacity, and resistance, is limited. Therefore, there is a need for a stack-folding electrode assembly capable of reducing the number of folding, high battery manufacturing efficiency, and high design freedom, and a method of manufacturing the same.
- the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stack-folding electrode assembly and a method of manufacturing the same can be reduced the number of folding, high battery manufacturing efficiency, high design freedom.
- the stack-folding electrode assembly according to the present invention for solving the above problems is a plurality of stacked unit cells are overlapping, each overlapping electrode assembly having a structure in which a continuous folding separator sheet is interposed, the unit cells It is a combination of two or more quad cells of the anode / separator / cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure and one C-type bicell of the cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure.
- the quad cell is located in the central portion which is the starting point of winding, thereby providing an asymmetric electrode assembly in which the unit cells positioned above and below the central portion have an asymmetric structure with each other.
- the C-type bi-cell is located in the central portion which is the starting point of winding, thereby providing a symmetric electrode assembly in which unit cells positioned above and below the central portion have a symmetrical structure to each other.
- Quad cells positioned above and below the C-type bicell may be symmetrical with respect to their electrode directions.
- the cathode is located at the outermost part of the electrode assembly.
- the folding separator sheet may have a unit length to wrap the unit cells, and may be bent inward for each unit length to continuously wrap from the center unit cell to the outermost unit cell.
- the folding separator sheet may be an asymmetric separator having different properties of both surfaces.
- the folding separator sheet is a separator fabric; A coating layer including a negative electrode inorganic material and a binder formed on one surface of the separator fabric; And a coating layer including a cathode inorganic material and a binder formed on the other surface of the separator fabric, wherein the cathode of the C-type bi-cell and quad cells is placed on a coating layer including the anode inorganic material and a binder. An anode of the C-type bicells and quad-cells is placed on the coating layer including the inorganic material and the binder.
- the folding separator sheet is a laminated structure of the first separator and the second separator, the cathode of the C-type bi-cell and quad cells is placed on any one of the first separator and the second separator, An anode of the C-type bicells and quad-cells is placed on the other one of the first and second separators.
- the present invention also provides a secondary battery including such a stack-foldable electrode assembly.
- the method of manufacturing the stack-folding electrode assembly is as follows. First, the central unit cell is positioned at the first end of the folding separator sheet, and the unit cells are continuously positioned at predetermined intervals. After winding the central unit cell once with the folding separator sheet, adjacent unit cells are positioned. The folding separator sheet is folded to the outside to fold each unit cell.
- the present invention also provides a stack-folding electrode assembly, which is based on an electrode assembly including two quad-cells and one C-type bi-cell, adding four quad-cells one by one and increasing the number of electrodes by four.
- a method including the step of designing a cell.
- the C-type bicell may be inserted at the outermost portion of the electrode assembly, directly above or below the center of the winding start portion, or at a middle position of the stack.
- the number of folding can be reduced since the unit assembly can be reduced in the same number of electrodes as conventional quad cells with more electrodes than bi-cells. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce folding dimensional tolerances, defective rate, and to reduce lamination and folding process time.
- the number of electrode stacks may be increased through asymmetric folding of a combination of bicells and quadcells. This frees up cell design changes.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary structure of a conventional stack-foldable electrode assembly.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-foldable electrode assembly of FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a C-type bi-cell and a quad-cell constituting a unit cell of a stack-foldable electrode assembly according to the present invention.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 4.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 6.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement combination of unit cells in order to explain a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly manufacturing process according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 9 is a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly structure according to It is a schematic diagram for.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in order to explain a process of manufacturing a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 illustrates a structure of the stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention. It is a schematic diagram for.
- FIG. 12 shows possible examples when the number of stacks in the asymmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention is 3 or more, and (a) to (e) briefly show the stacked structure inside the cell.
- FIG. 13 illustrates examples of a case in which a C-type bi-cell is included as a comparative example, but the C-type bi-cell is a symmetrical electrode assembly by coming to the center of the winding start portion.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a stack-foldable symmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding symmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 14.
- FIG. 16 illustrates another example of a C-type bicell and a quadcell constituting a unit cell of a stack-folding symmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a stack-foldable symmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding symmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 17.
- FIG. 19 shows possible examples when the number of stacks is 3 or more in the symmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention.
- (A) to (d) briefly illustrate an internal cell stack structure, and particularly, a folding method of (b). It is shown.
- the battery or electrode assembly included in the present invention is not particularly limited in its form and may include all of the various forms, for example, a stack of a plurality of stacked unit cells wound with a long separation of the folding separator sheet When the folding electrode assembly and the stacked unit cells are wound with the folding separator sheet, Z-type stack-electrode assembly for folding in the zigzag direction may be included.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a C-type bi-cell and a quad-cell constituting a unit cell of a stack-foldable electrode assembly according to the present invention.
- the C-type bicell has a cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure
- the quad cell has an anode / separator / cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure.
- the unit cell positive electrode is manufactured by, for example, applying a mixture of a positive electrode active material, a conductive material, and a binder to both surfaces of a positive electrode current collector, followed by drying and pressing, and optionally adding a filler to the mixture.
- the unit cell negative electrode is manufactured by coating, drying, and pressing a negative electrode active material on a negative electrode current collector, and optionally, the conductive material, binder, filler, etc. may be further included as necessary.
- the cathode and the anode may be coated with a cathode active material or an anode active material on both sides of each current collector (electrode sheet), but are not shown for convenience.
- Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly includes a plurality of stacked unit cells 110, 111, and 112, and a folding separator sheet 120 is interposed at each overlapping portion.
- Folding membrane sheet 120 has a unit length to wrap the unit cells (110, 111, 112), bend inward for every unit length starting from the central unit cell 110 to the outermost unit cell 112
- the unit cells 110, 111, and 112 are sequentially surrounded by the overlapping portions of the unit cells 110, 111, and 112.
- the end portion of the folding separator sheet 120 is finished by heat fusion or adhesive tape 125 or the like.
- the electrode assembly includes quad-cells 110 and 112 having an anode / separator / cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure, and a C-type bicell 111 having a cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure.
- the quad cell 110 ('central unit cell') is positioned at the center of the overlapping unit cells 110, 111, and 112, which is the winding start point.
- the cathode may be positioned at the outermost portion of the electrode assembly.
- this embodiment is a structure in which the C-type bi-cell 111 is folded so as to lie just below the central unit cell.
- the negative electrode occupies as much area as possible, for example, when used in a lithium secondary battery, lithium metal or the like grows in the negative electrode during charging and discharging. dendrite can be suppressed as much as possible.
- the cathode may be formed in a larger area than the anode and / or the outermost portion of the electrode assembly may be configured as the cathode.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 4.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are laminated with a separator interposed therebetween, and cut into a predetermined size to manufacture a plurality of quadcells and bicells. 112).
- the unit cells 110, 111, and 112 are arranged as shown in FIG. 5.
- the folding separator sheet 120 has a width slightly larger than that of the unit cells 110, 111, and 112 while exposing the electrode tabs (not shown) of the unit cells 110, 111, and 112, and the electrode assembly after winding. It may have an extended length to wrap once, and the outermost end of the folding separator sheet 120 may be fixed by heat fusion or tape.
- the thermal separator or the hot plate may be brought into contact with the folded separator sheet 120 to be finished so that the folding separator sheet 120 may be melted and fixed by heat, and may be finished by the adhesive tape 125 or the like. have.
- the stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly is arranged in sequence on the long separation membrane sheet 120, starting from one end 121 of the folding membrane sheet 120 and sequentially It is manufactured by winding up. At this time, after winding the central unit cell 110 with the folding separator sheet 120 once, folding the folding separator sheet 120 to the outside where the adjacent unit cells 111 and 112 are located, and thus, each unit cell ( 111 and 112 are overlapped and folded.
- the quad cell which is the central unit cell 110 is placed on the first end of the folding separator sheet 120 and the unit cells (111, 112) at predetermined intervals Position consecutively.
- the first unit cell that is, the central unit cell 110 and the second unit cell 111 are located at a distance separated by a width interval corresponding to at least one unit cell, so that the winding of the central unit cell 110 in the winding process
- the bottom electrode (anode) of the central unit cell 110 contacts the top electrode (cathode) of the second unit cell 111.
- the number of unit cells wound while being positioned on the folding separator sheet 120 may be determined by various factors such as the structure of each unit cell, such as each quad cell, bicell, and a desired capacity of the battery to be finally manufactured. For convenience of illustration, three unit cells are shown in FIG. 4, but the number of unit cells included in the stack-folding electrode assembly may be smaller or larger than that. In particular, the electrode assembly to be used for HEV has a stack number of 10 or more.
- the folding separator sheet 120 may be made of the same material as the separator constituting the unit cell.
- the folding separator sheet or separator may be a polyethylene film including fine pores, a polypropylene film, or a multilayer film prepared by a combination of these films, and polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, or polyvinylidene It may be made of any one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a polymer film for polymer electrolyte of fluoride hexafluoropropylene copolymer, a folding separator sheet or separator made of a single layer or a double layer or more multilayers prepared using the material Can be.
- the battery manufacturing process after this is as follows.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode lead are welded to the electrode tab portion of the fabricated stack-folding electrode assembly. At this time, it is effective to use aluminum as the anode and copper as the cathode.
- the welded cell is packed with an aluminum pouch and then electrolyte is injected.
- the electrolyte is used in the art and its components are not particularly limited. Specifically, DMC (dimethyl carbonate), EC (ethylene carbonate), EMC (ethyl methyl carbonate), PC (propylene carbonate), EC (ethylene carbonate), DMC (dimethyl carbonate), DMA (dimethyl acetamide), DMF (N, N at least one selected from -dimethylformamide (NMP), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and diethylene carbonate (DEC).
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- EMC ethyl methyl carbonate
- PC propylene carbonate
- EC ethylene carbonate
- DMC dimethyl carbonate
- DMA dimethyl acetamide
- DMF N, N at least one selected from -dimethylformamide (NMP), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone (NMP), dimethyl
- the quad cell 112 is positioned on the center of the quad cell 110 at the center, and the C type bicell 111 is placed at the bottom.
- the C-type bicell including only one electrode assembly may be located below or above the central unit cell.
- FIG. 6 shows the electrode assembly in such a case.
- 6 is a schematic diagram of a stack-foldable asymmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the unit cells in the manufacturing process of the stack-foldable asymmetric electrode assembly of Figure 6 to be.
- stacked unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 are overlapped, and a folding separator sheet 220 is interposed at each overlapped portion.
- the folding membrane sheet 220 has a unit length that can wrap the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213, and is bent inward for each unit length to start from the central unit cell 210 to form an outermost unit cell (
- the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 continuously surround the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 and are interposed between the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213.
- the end of the folding separator sheet 220 is finished by heat fusion or adhesive tape 225 or the like.
- the electrode assembly includes a C-type bicell 212 and quad cells 210, 211, and 213.
- the stack-foldable asymmetric electrode assembly arranges the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 on the long length of the separator sheet 220 and starts at one end 221 of the folding separator sheet 220. By winding sequentially.
- a quad cell which is the central unit cell 210, is positioned at the first end of the folding separator sheet 220, and the unit cells 211, 212, and 213 are continuously positioned at predetermined intervals.
- the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 should be configured such that the anode and the cathode face each other at a stacked interface when the coil is wound.
- the central unit cell 210 is a quad cell in which an upper surface electrode is an anode, and a second
- the unit cell 211 is a quad cell whose upper electrode is an anode
- the third unit cell 212 is a C type bicell whose upper electrode is a cathode
- the fourth unit cell 213 is an anode whose upper surface is an anode. It consists of quad cells.
- the cathodes of all the unit cells 210, 211, 212 and 213 are positioned on the folding separator sheet 220.
- the electrode alignment direction of the unit cells is arranged so that the cathodes of all the unit cells including one C-type bi-cell and two or more quad-cells are placed on the folding separator sheet without the need of arranging the electrodes in the alternating alignment manner. Since it can be wound up and manufactured, the manufacturing process can be simplified to greatly improve the production efficiency.
- an asymmetric separator having different properties on both surfaces instead of the folding separator sheet 220. Can be used. In the conventional case described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the asymmetric membrane structure cannot be applied because the electrodes placed on the folding separator sheet are alternately polarized. 8 to 11 illustrate examples of applying an asymmetric separator according to the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement combination of unit cells in order to explain a process of manufacturing a stack-folding electrode assembly according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 9 shows a structure of the stack-folding electrode assembly according to the present invention. It is a schematic diagram.
- the folding separator sheet 220 ′ is an asymmetric separator having different properties of both surfaces.
- the first separator 222 and the second separator 223 are stacked, and the cathodes of all the unit cells 210, 211, 212, and 213 are disposed in the first separator 222.
- the first separator 222 and the second separator 223 may be membranes having different design structures such as pore size, distribution, and thickness. This design can be modified to optimize for positive and negative electrode characteristics.
- the first separator 222 may apply a composition and / or thickness to selectively modify the contact surface between the cathode and the separator, and the second separator 223 may selectively modify the contact surface between the anode and the separator. Apply composition and / or thickness.
- a stack-folding electrode assembly as shown in FIG. 9 may be obtained.
- the cathodes of the C-type bicells 212 and the quad cells 210, 211, and 213 are disposed on the first separator 222, and the C-type bicells 212 and the quad are disposed on the second separator 223.
- the anodes of the cells 210, 211, and 213 are placed. Therefore, according to the present invention, battery performance can be improved by selectively contacting a specific surface of the asymmetric separator with the positive and negative electrodes of the unit cells.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement combination of unit cells for explaining a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly and a manufacturing process thereof according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 11 is a stack-folding asymmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention. Schematic diagram of the structure.
- the folding separator sheet 220 ′′ is changed in comparison with the example illustrated in FIGS. 8 and 9.
- the folding separator sheet 220 ′′ includes a separator fabric 227, a coating layer 226 including an inorganic material for a cathode formed on one surface of the separator fabric 227, and a binder, and an anode formed on the other surface of the separator fabric 227.
- the cathode of the C-type bicell 212 and the quad cells 210, 211, and 213 are placed on the coating layer 226 including the inorganic material and the binder for the anode as shown in FIG. 11.
- the anodes of the C-type bicells 212 and the quad cells 210, 211, and 213 are placed.
- the membrane fabric 227 is made of fibers, preferably polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyester [e.g. polyethylene terephthalate (PET)] and / or polyolefin [e.g. polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)], Fiber selected from glass fiber or ceramic fiber. Preferably it may also comprise polymer fibers having a melting temperature above 100 ° C. and a melting point above 110 ° C.
- the separator fabric 227 and / or the coating layers 226 and 228 may preferably include Li 2 CO 3 , Li 3 N or LiAlO 3 .
- the ionic conductivity through the folding separator sheet 220 "may preferably be increased thereby.
- the inorganic material forming the coating layers 226 and 228 may include SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 or SiC.
- the folding separator sheet 220 ′′ is a separator coated with a binder and an inorganic material to improve secondary battery cell performance.
- the negative electrode of the unit cells is always placed on the coating layer 226 including the inorganic material for the negative electrode and the binder, and the inorganic material for the positive electrode. Since the anodes of the unit cells are always placed on the coating layer 228 including the binder and the binder, the asymmetric separator effect can be maximized.
- the cathodes of all the unit cells may be arranged to be placed on the coating layer 226 including the inorganic material and the binder for the negative electrode of the folding separator sheet 220 ′′, the manufacturing process may be wound. Simplification can greatly improve production efficiency.
- the stack-folding electrode assembly includes two or more quad cells of a cathode / separation membrane / cathode / separation membrane / anode / separation membrane / cathode structure as a unit cell, and a cathode / separation membrane / anode / separation membrane.
- One C-type bicell of the negative electrode structure is included.
- the cathodes of all the unit cells including one C-type bicell and two or more quad cells are arranged and wound on the folding separator sheet. Since it can manufacture, a manufacturing process can be simplified and a production efficiency can be improved significantly. In particular, it is possible to improve battery performance by selectively contacting a specific surface of the asymmetric separator with the positive and negative electrodes of the unit cells.
- FIG. 12 shows possible examples when the number of stacks in the asymmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention is 3 or more.
- the number of quad cells increases by one from (a) to (e). This is based on the result of a cell design in which the number of electrodes increases by four while adding one quad cell based on an electrode assembly including two quad cells and one C type bicell as shown in (a).
- the C-type bi-cell is shown as a case of coming directly above or below the center of the winding start of the electrode assembly, for example, C-type bi-cell can be inserted in the outermost or intermediate position of the electrode assembly.
- Table 2 shows the number of stacks and the number of electrodes in the electrode assembly of the asymmetric structure according to the present invention.
- the number of electrodes thereof can be increased by four in order of 11, 15, 19, 23, 27.
- the fine electrode number can be adjusted as compared with the increase of the number of electrodes by six.
- FIG. 13 illustrates examples of a case in which a C-type bi-cell is included as a comparative example, but the C-type bi-cell is a symmetrical electrode assembly by coming to the center of the winding start portion. Because of the symmetrical structure, the number of quadcells increases by two from (a) to (d). As a result, the number of electrodes increases by eight. Table 3 shows the number of stacks and the number of electrodes in the electrode assembly of the symmetric structure according to the comparative example.
- the present invention has an asymmetric structure, it can be seen that the fine electrode number can be adjusted even compared to the electrode assembly of the symmetrical structure.
- the present invention a design in which the number of electrodes is increased by four is possible, and thus the number of electrodes can be finely adjusted and the number of stacks that cannot be realized by the conventional method is realized, compared to the case where the number of electrodes is increased by six or eight. Is high.
- the number of stacks that can not be implemented with the existing stack-foldable electrode assembly even if they have the same number of electrodes, there is an advantage in that the number of stacks is actually smaller and the number of laminations and folding is reduced. If 4 or 7, the number of stacks in terms of the existing structure is 5 or 9, which is larger than this). Accordingly, it is possible to reduce folding dimensional tolerances and defective rates, and to reduce lamination and folding process time.
- the unit cells constituting the electrode assembly have only one C-type bicell and the rest are quadcells, the cell manufacturing efficiency is higher than that of the conventional manufacturing method considering a cell type change.
- the present invention should not be overlooked by simply configuring an electrode assembly using a combination of quad-cells and bi-cells, and increasing the cell design freedom and reducing the number of folding times through the quad-cell and bi-cell combinations.
- FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a stack-foldable symmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a plurality of unit cells 310, 311, and 312 are overlapped, and a folding separator sheet 320 is interposed at each overlapping portion.
- Folding membrane sheet 320 has a unit length to wrap the unit cells (310, 311, 312), bend inward for each unit length starting from the central unit cell 310 to the outermost unit cell 312
- the unit cells 310, 311, and 312 are successively enclosed in the overlapping portions of the unit cells 310, 311, and 312.
- the end portion of the folding separator sheet 320 is finished by heat fusion or adhesive tape 325 or the like.
- the C-type bicell 310 is positioned at the center of the winding start point of the unit cells, and all other unit cells are quad cells 311 and 312.
- the quad cells 311 and 312 positioned above and below the center C type bi-cell 310 have electrodes symmetrical with each other.
- the cathode is positioned at the outermost part of the electrode assembly.
- the folding separator sheet 320 is an asymmetric separator having different properties of both surfaces.
- the first separator 322 and the second separator 323 are laminated, and the cathodes of the C-type bicell 310 and the quad cells 311 and 312 are disposed on the first separator 322.
- the C-type bicell 310 and the anodes of the quad cells 311 and 312 are disposed on the second separator 323.
- the first separator 322 and the second separator 323 may be membranes having different design structures such as pore size, distribution, and thickness. This design can be modified to optimize for positive and negative electrode characteristics. Therefore, according to the present invention, battery performance can be improved by selectively contacting a specific surface of the asymmetric separator with the positive and negative electrodes of the unit cells.
- FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-folding symmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 14.
- the positive electrode and the negative electrode are laminated with a separator interposed therebetween, and cut into a predetermined size to manufacture a plurality of quad cells and bi-cells, and unit cells 310, 311, and 312. ).
- the unit cells 310, 311, and 312 are arranged as shown in FIG. 15.
- the folding separator sheet 320 has a width slightly larger than that of the unit cells 310, 311, and 312 while exposing the electrode tabs (not shown) of the unit cells 310, 311, and 312, and after winding the electrode assembly.
- the folding separator sheet 320 may have an extended length to wrap once, and the outermost end of the folding separator sheet 320 may be fixed by heat fusion or tape.
- the thermal separator or hot plate may be brought into contact with the folded separator sheet 320 to be finished so that the folding separator sheet 320 may be melted and fixed by heat, and may be finished by the adhesive tape 325. have.
- the stack-foldable electrode assembly may arrange unit cells 310, 311, and 312 on a long length of the separator sheet 320, and sequentially start at one end 321 of the folding separator sheet 320. It is manufactured by winding up. At this time, after winding the central unit cell 310 with the folding separator sheet 320 once, each of the unit cells (folding the folding separator sheet 320 to the outside where the adjacent unit cells 311 and 312 are located). 311 and 312 are overlapped and folded.
- the C-type bicell which is the central unit cell 310, is positioned at the first end of the folding separator sheet 320, and the unit cells 311, at predetermined intervals. 312) are positioned continuously.
- the first unit cell that is, the central unit cell 310 and the second unit cell 311 are located at a distance separated by a width interval corresponding to at least one unit cell, so that the winding of the central unit cell 310 in the winding process
- the bottom electrode (cathode) of the central unit cell 310 is in contact with the top electrode (anode) of the second unit cell 311.
- the number of unit cells wound while being positioned on the folding separator sheet 320 may be determined by various factors such as the structure of each unit cell, such as each quad cell, bicell, and a desired capacity of a final manufactured battery. For convenience of illustration, three unit cells are shown in FIG. 14, but the number of unit cells included in the stack-folding electrode assembly may be smaller or larger than that. In particular, the electrode assembly to be used for HEV uses has a stack number of 10 or more.
- the folding separator sheet 320 is an asymmetric separator having a laminated structure of the first separator 322 and the second separator 323, which have different properties on both surfaces thereof.
- the conventional A-type and C-type bicells are wound. Compared to the manufacturing method of winding each bicell alternately after manufacturing the type, it is possible to reduce the time loss caused by the exchange of the cell type (A type bicell, C type bicell), thereby maximizing battery manufacturing efficiency. can do.
- the cathodes of all the unit cells can be arranged so as to lie on the folding separator sheet and then wound and manufactured, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process and greatly improving production efficiency. You can.
- the folding separator sheet 320 may be made of the same material as the separator constituting the unit cell.
- the C-type bicells and the quadcells as unit cells may have a structure as shown in FIG. 16.
- the folding separator sheet or separator may be a polyethylene film including fine pores, a polypropylene film, or a multilayer film prepared by a combination of these films, and polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyacrylonitrile, or polyvinylidene It may be made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of a polymer film for polymer electrolyte of fluoride hexafluoropropylene copolymer, and may be a folding separator sheet or a separator consisting of a multilayer of two or more layers manufactured using the material. have.
- the number of folding can be reduced since the unit assembly can be reduced in the same number of electrodes as conventional quad cells with more electrodes than bi-cells. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce folding dimensional tolerances and defective rates, and to reduce lamination and folding process time.
- battery performance may be improved by using an asymmetric separator.
- the first separator 322 applies a composition and / or thickness for selectively modifying the contact surface between the cathode and the separator
- the second separator 323 selectively modifies the contact surface between the anode and the separator. It is possible to improve battery performance by selectively contacting the positive and negative electrodes to the asymmetric separator surface by applying the composition and / or thickness thereof.
- the asymmetric membrane structure cannot be applied because the electrodes placed on the folding separator sheet are alternately polarized.
- FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a stack-foldable symmetric electrode assembly structure according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 18 illustrates an arrangement combination of unit cells in a manufacturing process of the stack-foldable symmetric electrode assembly of FIG. 17. It is a schematic diagram.
- the folding separator sheet 320 ′ is changed in comparison with the example illustrated in FIGS. 14 and 15.
- the folding separator sheet 320 ′ may include a separator fabric 327, a coating layer 326 including an inorganic material for a cathode formed on one surface of the separator fabric 327, and a binder, and the other of the separator fabric 327.
- a cathode of the C-type bicell 310 and the quad cells 311 and 312 is placed on the coating layer 326 including the inorganic material and the binder for the cathode, and the coating layer 328 including the inorganic material and the binder for the anode.
- the anodes of the C-type bicell 310 and the quad cells 311 and 312 are disposed.
- the membrane fabric 327 is made of fibers, preferably polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyester [e.g. polyethylene terephthalate (PET)] and / or polyolefin [e.g. polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP)], Fiber selected from glass fiber or ceramic fiber. Preferably it may also comprise polymer fibers having a melting temperature above 100 ° C. and a melting point above 310 ° C. Also, the separator fabric 327 and / or the coating layers 326 and 328 may preferably include Li 2 CO 3 , Li 3 N or LiAlO 3 . The ionic conductivity through the folding separator sheet 320 'can preferably be increased thereby.
- the inorganic material forming the coating layers 326 and 328 may include SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZrO 2, or SiC.
- the C-type bicell and the two or more quad-cells are not included, without having to arrange the electrode alignment directions of the unit cells by an alternating alignment method. Since the cathodes of all the unit cells can be arranged to be placed on the coating layer 326 including the inorganic material for the negative electrode of the folding separator sheet 320 'and the binder, and then wound, the unit cells can be manufactured to simplify the manufacturing process, thereby greatly improving production efficiency. You can.
- the folding separator sheet 320 ′ is a separator coated with a binder and an inorganic material to improve secondary battery cell performance.
- the negative electrode of the unit cells is always placed on the coating layer 326 including the inorganic material for the negative electrode and the binder, and the inorganic material for the positive electrode.
- the anode of the unit cells is always placed in the coating layer 328 including the binder and the binder, thereby maximizing the asymmetric separator effect.
- the stack-folding symmetric electrode assembly includes two or more quad cells of the anode / separation membrane / cathode / separation membrane / anode / separation membrane / cathode structure as a unit cell, And one C-type bicell having a cathode / separator / anode / separator / cathode structure.
- FIG. 19 shows examples of possible stack numbers of three or more in the symmetric electrode assembly according to the present invention. From (a) to (d), the number of quad cells increases by two. This is a result of a cell design in which the number of electrodes increases by 8 while adding two quad cells based on an electrode assembly including two quad cells and one C type bicell as shown in (a). Table 4 shows the number of stacks and the number of electrodes in the electrode assembly according to the present invention.
- the present invention since the number of stacks that cannot be implemented by the existing method is implemented, not only the design freedom is high, but also the number of stacks is actually reduced even though the number of electrodes is the same, thereby reducing the number of lamination and folding (the above-mentioned method).
- Table 4 if the actual number of stacks is 7, the number of stacks converted to the existing structure is greater than this 9). Accordingly, it is possible to reduce folding dimensional tolerances and defective rates, and to reduce lamination and folding process time.
- the unit cells constituting the electrode assembly have only one C-type bicell and the rest are quadcells, the cell manufacturing efficiency is higher than that of the conventional manufacturing method considering a cell type change. By applying an asymmetric separator is also excellent effect to further improve the battery characteristics.
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Abstract
Description
스택수 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 13 | … |
전극수 | 3 | 9 | 15 | 21 | 27 | 33 | 39 | … |
스택수(실시예) | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
전극수(실시예) | 11 | 15 | 19 | 23 | 27 |
기존 전극조립체로 환산한 스택수 | 3.67(*) | 5.00 | 6.33(*) | 7.67(*) | 9.00 |
스택수(실시예) | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 |
전극수(실시예) | 11 | 19 | 27 | 35 |
기존 전극조립체로 환산한 스택수 | 3.67(*) | 6.33(*) | 9.00 | 11.67(*) |
스택수(실시예) | 3 | 5 | 7 | 9 |
전극수(실시예) | 11 | 19 | 27 | 35 |
기존 전극조립체로 환산한 스택수 | 3.67(*) | 6.33(*) | 9.00 | 11.67(*) |
Claims (16)
- 다수의 적층형 단위셀들이 중첩되어 있고, 각각의 중첩부에는 연속적인 폴딩 분리막 시트가 개재되는 구조의 전극조립체로서,상기 단위셀들은 양극/분리막/음극/분리막/양극/분리막/음극 구조의 쿼드셀(quad cell) 두 개 이상과 음극/분리막/양극/분리막/음극 구조의 C 타입 바이셀 한 개의 조합이고,권취 개시점인 중앙부에 상기 쿼드셀이 위치함으로써 상기 중앙부 상하에 위치하는 단위셀들이 서로 비대칭 구조를 갖거나,권취 개시점인 중앙부에 상기 C 타입 바이셀이 위치함으로써 상기 중앙부 상하에 위치하는 단위셀들이 서로 대칭 구조를 갖는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 전극조립체는 권취 개시점인 중앙부에 상기 C 타입 바이셀이 위치함으로써 상기 중앙부 상하에 위치하는 단위셀들이 서로 대칭 구조를 가지며,상기 중앙 C 타입 바이셀을 중심으로 상하에 각각 위치하는 쿼드셀들은 그것의 전극방향이 서로 대칭을 이루고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 전극조립체 최외곽에 음극이 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는 상기 단위셀들을 감쌀 수 있는 단위길이를 가지며, 단위길이마다 내측으로 꺾여서 중앙 단위셀로부터 시작되어 최외곽의 단위셀까지 연속하여 감싸고 있는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는 양쪽 표면의 성질이 다른 비대칭 분리막인 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는분리막 원단;상기 분리막 원단의 한쪽 표면에 형성된 음극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층; 및상기 분리막 원단의 다른쪽 표면에 형성된 양극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 음극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층에 상기 C 타입 바이셀과 쿼드셀들의 음극이 놓이고, 상기 양극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층에 상기 C 타입 바이셀과 쿼드셀들의 양극이 놓이는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제5항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는제1 분리막과 제2 분리막의 적층 구조이고,상기 제1 분리막과 제2 분리막 중 어느 하나에 상기 C 타입 바이셀과 쿼드셀들의 음극이 놓이고, 상기 제1 분리막과 제2 분리막 중 다른 하나에 상기 C 타입 바이셀과 쿼드셀들의 양극이 놓이는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체.
- 제1항에 따른 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 이차전지.
- 제1항에 따른 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체를 제조하는 방법으로서,폴딩 분리막 시트의 첫번째 단에 중앙 단위셀을 위치시키고 소정의 간격으로 단위셀들을 연속하여 위치시키는 단계; 및상기 중앙 단위셀을 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트로 1회 권취한 후, 인접하는 단위셀이 위치하는 외측으로 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트를 접어서 각각의 단위셀을 중첩하여 폴딩하는 단계;를 포함하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 전극조립체 최외곽에 음극이 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트에 상기 단위셀들의 음극을 위치시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제9항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는 양쪽 표면의 성질이 다른 비대칭 분리막인 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는분리막 원단;상기 분리막 원단의 한쪽 표면에 형성된 음극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층; 및상기 분리막 원단의 다른쪽 표면에 형성된 양극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층을 포함하고,상기 음극용 무기물과 바인더를 포함하는 코팅층에 상기 단위셀들의 음극을 위치시켜 권취하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제12항에 있어서, 상기 폴딩 분리막 시트는제1 분리막과 제2 분리막의 적층 구조이고,상기 제1 분리막과 제2 분리막 중 어느 하나에 상기 단위셀들의 음극을 위치시켜 권취하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 다수의 적층형 단위셀들이 중첩되어 있고, 각각의 중첩부에는 연속적인 폴딩 분리막 시트가 개재되는 구조의 전극조립체로서,상기 단위셀들은 양극/분리막/음극/분리막/양극/분리막/음극 구조의 쿼드셀(quad cell) 두 개 이상과 음극/분리막/양극/분리막/음극 구조의 C 타입 바이셀 한 개의 조합이고, 권취 개시점인 중앙부에 상기 쿼드셀이 위치함으로써 상기 중앙부 상하에 위치하는 단위셀들이 서로 비대칭 구조를 갖는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체를 제조하는 방법으로서,두 개의 쿼드셀과 한 개의 C 타입 바이셀을 포함하는 전극조립체를 기본으로 하여 쿼드셀을 한개씩 추가하면서 전극수가 4개씩 증가하는 셀 설계를 하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
- 제15항에 있어서, 상기 C 타입 바이셀은 상기 전극조립체의 최외곽, 권취 개시부인 중심 바로 위나 아래 또는 스택 중간 위치에 삽입하는 것을 특징으로 하는 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 제조방법.
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US14/911,207 US9614248B2 (en) | 2014-08-13 | 2015-05-13 | Stack-folding type electrode assembly and method of manufacturing the same |
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WO2016024699A1 (ko) * | 2014-08-13 | 2016-02-18 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 스택-폴딩형 전극조립체 및 그 제조방법 |
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FR3068831B1 (fr) * | 2017-07-04 | 2021-11-26 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procedes de realisation d'un faisceau electrochimique d'un accumulateur metal-ion au moyen d'une membrane a electrolyte polymere gelifie, accumulateurs associes |
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CN205028967U (zh) | 2016-02-10 |
US20160293994A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
JP2017530513A (ja) | 2017-10-12 |
JP6490190B2 (ja) | 2019-03-27 |
CN105375055B (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
CN105375055A (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
US9614248B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
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