WO2016011646A1 - 夜视装置 - Google Patents

夜视装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016011646A1
WO2016011646A1 PCT/CN2014/082945 CN2014082945W WO2016011646A1 WO 2016011646 A1 WO2016011646 A1 WO 2016011646A1 CN 2014082945 W CN2014082945 W CN 2014082945W WO 2016011646 A1 WO2016011646 A1 WO 2016011646A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
night vision
vision device
photosensitive chip
light
lens group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2014/082945
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡笑平
Original Assignee
博立多媒体控股有限公司
胡笑平
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 博立多媒体控股有限公司, 胡笑平 filed Critical 博立多媒体控股有限公司
Priority to AU2014401544A priority Critical patent/AU2014401544B2/en
Priority to CA2955858A priority patent/CA2955858C/en
Priority to DK14898195.4T priority patent/DK3174289T3/da
Priority to EP14898195.4A priority patent/EP3174289B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2014/082945 priority patent/WO2016011646A1/zh
Priority to US15/327,366 priority patent/US9888158B2/en
Priority to CN201480080521.0A priority patent/CN106471801B/zh
Priority to RU2017105508A priority patent/RU2655997C1/ru
Priority to ES14898195T priority patent/ES2848078T3/es
Priority to JP2017503874A priority patent/JP6311067B2/ja
Publication of WO2016011646A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016011646A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B15/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B15/02—Illuminating scene
    • G03B15/03—Combinations of cameras with lighting apparatus; Flash units
    • G03B15/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash apparatus; Electronic flash units
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/16—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers, or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B15/00—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification
    • G02B15/02—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by changing, adding, or subtracting a part of the objective, e.g. convertible objective
    • G02B15/10—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by changing, adding, or subtracting a part of the objective, e.g. convertible objective by adding a part, e.g. close-up attachment
    • G02B15/12—Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification by changing, adding, or subtracting a part of the objective, e.g. convertible objective by adding a part, e.g. close-up attachment by adding telescopic attachments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/28—Systems for automatic generation of focusing signals
    • G02B7/282—Autofocusing of zoom lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B13/00—Viewfinders; Focusing aids for cameras; Means for focusing for cameras; Autofocus systems for cameras
    • G03B13/32—Means for focusing
    • G03B13/34—Power focusing
    • G03B13/36—Autofocus systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/63—Control of cameras or camera modules by using electronic viewfinders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/69—Control of means for changing angle of the field of view, e.g. optical zoom objectives or electronic zooming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/30—Transforming light or analogous information into electric information
    • H04N5/33—Transforming infrared radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00—Television systems
    • H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2215/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B2215/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash units
    • G03B2215/0582—Reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B2215/00—Special procedures for taking photographs; Apparatus therefor
    • G03B2215/05—Combinations of cameras with electronic flash units
    • G03B2215/0589—Diffusors, filters or refraction means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of optical technologies, and in particular, to a night vision device.
  • Night vision devices have a wide range of applications in the fields of exploration, field exploration, and military.
  • thermographic image By a thermal imaging method was used to obtain a thermographic image by sensing the wavelength of blackbody radiation and transform it into a human-visible image through the display. Devices in this period require complex cooling methods, larger sizes, and shorter night vision distances.
  • night vision devices using infrared LEDs as auxiliary light sources have emerged. It generally adopts a telescope head, which is imaged by a photosensitive chip and displayed on a liquid crystal display (LCD).
  • the auxiliary light source generally adopts a fixed light-emitting structure. If you want to improve the image quality of night vision devices, you need to increase the resolution of the sensor chip, but this usually reduces the sensitivity, resulting in a shortened night vision distance. If the night vision distance is increased by zooming, the auxiliary light source needs to have a corresponding illumination distance, which requires an increase in the number of lamps to increase the illumination energy, but when the focal length becomes shorter, energy waste is caused.
  • a night vision device comprising: a first photosensitive chip capable of sensing at least infrared light, a first lens group for imaging onto the first photosensitive chip, for displaying the first image captured by the first photosensitive chip a display screen, and a control system for adjusting an imaging range of the first sensor chip by optical zoom and/or digital zoom, further comprising an auxiliary illumination module including an auxiliary light source and a light guiding cavity, the auxiliary light source emitting at least infrared light, The light emitted by the auxiliary light source is emitted through the light guiding cavity, and the light guiding cavity has an activity adjusting component for adjusting the irradiation range of the emitted light by a manual method or automatically controlled by the control system, and the irradiation range and the first light sensing
  • the imaging range of the chip is adapted.
  • the energy of the auxiliary light source is sufficiently and effectively
  • the use of the scene on which the image is to be imaged can improve the night vision distance and the image quality at the hardware level (the resolution of the sensor chip and the illumination capability of the auxiliary light source).
  • Embodiment 1 is a front elevational view of a night vision device of Embodiment 1;
  • Embodiment 2 is a schematic rear view of the night vision device of Embodiment 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an auxiliary lighting module in Embodiment 1;
  • Figure 5 is a front elevational view of the night vision device of the second embodiment
  • Figure 6 is a rear perspective view of the night vision device of the second embodiment
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a night vision device of the third embodiment.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 One embodiment of a night vision device in accordance with the present invention can refer to FIGS. 1 and 2, including a first sensor chip, a first lens group 101, a first display screen 102, an image processing system, a control system, and an auxiliary illumination module 103.
  • the first sensor chip, the image processing system and the control system are housed in the body 104 of the night vision device.
  • the first photosensitive chip is capable of sensing at least infrared light.
  • an ordinary high-resolution photosensitive chip that is, a photosensitive chip used in a general digital camera, can be used to sense a wide spectral range, including infrared light and visible light, and its high resolution also makes digital zoom applicable. the value of.
  • the first lens group is used for imaging onto the first photosensitive chip, and a fixed focus lens group having a fixed magnification may be used, or a zoom lens group with adjustable magnification may be employed.
  • the first lens group can also have the capability of autofocus, and the control system can automatically adjust the focal length between the first lens group and the first sensor chip according to the distance of the object and the zoom factor of the first lens group.
  • the first display screen is used to display an image captured by the first photosensitive chip.
  • the sensor chip senses the infrared light that is invisible or ambly visible to the human eye and generates image data, and then displays it in the form of a black and white image through the display screen, thereby realizing the night vision function.
  • the first display screen can adopt a two-dimensional liquid crystal display, and if only for night vision, a black and white display can be used.
  • the image processing system is configured to process the image data collected by the first photosensitive chip.
  • at least one of the image processing system and the first lens group has a zooming capability, wherein the first lens group can have an optical zoom capability, and the image processing The system can have digital zoom capabilities.
  • the image processing system can have digital zoom capabilities.
  • the control system includes a logic processing device that implements the control function and its peripheral circuits, and controls various components in the night vision device by executing instructions.
  • a logic processing device that implements the control function and its peripheral circuits, and controls various components in the night vision device by executing instructions.
  • Those skilled in the art are familiar with how to configure software and hardware to implement the general control functions required for night vision devices, such as controlling image acquisition of the sensor chip and display of the display screen, controlling the power module to power the required components, and the like.
  • the component units constituting the control system may be collectively arranged at the same physical location, or may be dispersed in different positions of the body, and all control functions may be completed by a single processor, or may be coordinated by multiple processors.
  • the control system has at least a control capability of adjusting an optical zoom factor or a digital zoom factor to adjust an imaging range of the sensor chip.
  • the first lens group needs to have a corresponding function when using the optical zoom
  • the image processing system needs to have a corresponding function when using the digital zoom.
  • the control system can also control both optical zoom and digital zoom to make larger adjustments to the imaging range of the sensor.
  • the so-called imaging range refers to the range of the scene corresponding to the effective image displayed on the display screen, and the angle of view can be used to describe the size of the range.
  • the field of view of the sensor chip is inversely related to the focal length (including optical focal length and digital focal length). The longer the focal length, the smaller the field of view.
  • the auxiliary lighting module includes an auxiliary light source capable of emitting infrared light and a light guiding cavity for guiding and emitting light emitted by the auxiliary light source.
  • the light guiding cavity according to the invention has an activity adjusting member for adjusting the irradiation range of the emitted light in a manual manner or automatically controlled by a control system, the irradiation range being adapted to the imaging range of the photosensitive chip.
  • the photosensitive chip has different imaging ranges (field of view) corresponding to different zoom magnifications. Therefore, by adjusting the illumination range of the auxiliary light source to match the imaging range, the auxiliary can be more effectively utilized. The energy of the light source.
  • the so-called illumination range is adapted to the imaging range to mean that the illumination range is consistent or nearly identical to the imaging range.
  • the zoom magnification is large, a distant object having a small angle of view is observed, and the emitted light can be appropriately focused to make the distant object better illuminated.
  • the zoom factor is small, a close-range object with a large angle of view is observed, and the developed light can be appropriately dispersed to cover the entire observation range.
  • different activity adjustment components can be designed to vary the optical configuration of the light guide cavity to adjust the illumination range of the exiting light, based on prior knowledge of the adjustment of the optical path.
  • the structural adjustment of the light guiding cavity can be realized by manually adjusting the movable adjusting component, or can be realized by the control system automatically adjusting the movable adjusting component according to the current focal length synchronization during zooming or autofocus control.
  • the auxiliary light source may employ, for example, an infrared LED, and the generated infrared light includes visible infrared light and invisible infrared light.
  • the visible infrared light generally refers to infrared light having a wavelength between 800 nm and 920 nm
  • the invisible infrared light refers to infrared light having a wavelength above 920 nm.
  • an auxiliary light source can also be used to generate visible light.
  • the auxiliary illumination module when the distance between the auxiliary illumination module and the lens in the lateral direction (ie, the direction perpendicular to the optical axis) is much smaller than the distance from the observed object, it can be approximated as the auxiliary illumination module.
  • the optical axis of the light is consistent with the optical axis of the photosensitive chip. Therefore, in one embodiment, the light can be achieved by adjusting the divergence angle of the light to match the field of view of the photosensitive chip at different focal lengths.
  • the range of illumination matches the imaging range.
  • the specific structure of an auxiliary illumination module according to the present invention shown in this embodiment can be referred to FIG. 3, including an LED lamp panel 1031 and a light guiding cavity serving as an auxiliary light source.
  • a plurality of infrared LEDs 1032 are disposed on the LED panel.
  • the inner wall of the light guiding cavity has a reflective property, and the reflective property can be realized by using a reflective material to make an inner wall or a reflective coating on the inner wall.
  • the light guiding cavity includes a communicating light collecting portion 1033 and a conduit 1034.
  • the LED light panel is enclosed in the light collecting portion, and emits light outward through a duct communicating with the light collecting portion.
  • the catheter acts as an activity adjustment component that is telescopic in length.
  • the telescopic portion 1035 of the catheter can be adjusted manually.
  • the telescopic portion is coupled to the fixed portion by screw coupling, and the length can be adjusted by manual rotation; for example, the telescopic portion is sleeved in the fixed portion in a tight fit manner. Inside or outside, adjust its length by manually pulling or pressing in.
  • the telescoping portion of the catheter can also be automatically controlled by a control system.
  • a polyhedral ultrasonic motor can be employed to drive the telescoping of the catheter.
  • the ultrasonic motor used may employ the principles and structures described in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN1873455A, entitled "Integrated Optical Device Focusing/Zooming System".
  • the ultrasonic motor is used to drive the catheter, which has the advantages of high precision, low power consumption and no noise.
  • the fixed portion of the catheter can serve as the stator of the ultrasonic motor, and the telescoping portion of the catheter can act as a mover of the ultrasonic motor or be driven by a mover, and the telescopic portion of the catheter can be telescoped by means of a helical motion or a radially fixed axial motion.
  • the control system controls the elongation or shortening of the catheter by controlling the direction of rotation of the ultrasonic motor. Obviously, if the duct is elongated, the divergence angle of the emitted light is reduced, which can be used to match a smaller angle of view. If the duct is shortened, the divergence angle of the emitted light is increased, which can be used to match a larger angle of view. .
  • the autofocus of the first lens group can also be driven by a polyhedral ultrasonic motor.
  • FIG. 4 is different from the structure shown in FIG. 3, and further includes two concentrating lens groups, wherein the first concentrating light
  • the lens group 1036 is disposed in the telescopic portion of the catheter, and the second condensing lens group 1037 is fixedly disposed on the optical path before the first concentrating lens group, for example, fixedly disposed at the position of the concentrating portion communication conduit.
  • the telescoping of the catheter can also be done manually or automatically. As the catheter moves telescopically, a relative positional change occurs between the two lens groups to change the degree of convergence of the exiting light.
  • the use of two lens groups is increased, so that the ability to adjust the light exit angle is stronger, and high-performance auxiliary illumination can be realized.
  • the first display screen adopts a black and white LCD.
  • the first display screen may also adopt a color LCD, and the first photosensitive chip can also sense visible light.
  • the night vision device may further include a movable infrared filter disposed between the first photosensitive chip and the first lens group, and movable in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the first lens group, The night vision device can also be used to acquire color images in situations where the light is appropriate to extend the applicable scene.
  • the infrared filter is controlled to be placed between the photosensitive chip and the lens group, and the night vision device is in the color working mode, and the color is obtained and displayed.
  • Image while at night or when the light intensity is insufficient, the infrared filter is controlled to move away from the optical path of the first lens group, and the night vision device is in the infrared working mode to obtain and display a black and white image.
  • the night vision device can further include a storage module for storing images captured by the photosensitive chip.
  • a storage module for storing images captured by the photosensitive chip.
  • a pluggable flash memory, a hard disk memory, a magnetic memory memory, or the like can be used.
  • the night vision device may further include a wireless communication module to perform data transmission with the remote entity through various suitable wireless communication methods, such as transmitting images captured by the photosensitive chip or information related to the image.
  • the so-called wireless communication methods include, but are not limited to, standard or dedicated communication methods such as 2G/GPRS/3G/4G, WiFi, Bluetooth, 2.4G, WiMax.
  • the embodiment 1 can be regarded as a single-tube night vision device.
  • the embodiment provides a dual-tube night vision device, which specifically includes a first photosensitive chip, a second photosensitive chip, a first lens group 201, and a second lens group 205.
  • the first sensor chip, the second sensor chip, the image processing system and the control system are housed in the body 204 of the night vision device.
  • the descriptions related to the first photosensitive chip, the first lens group, the first display screen, the image processing system, and the auxiliary illumination module may refer to Embodiment 1, the second photosensitive chip, the second lens group, and the second.
  • the description related to the display screen is similar to the first sensor chip, the first lens group and the first display screen.
  • the third display screen is a stereoscopic display screen for synthesizing the images collected by the first photosensitive chip and the second photosensitive chip into a stereoscopic image for display.
  • the control system in this embodiment is used to synchronously adjust the imaging ranges of the first sensor chip and the second sensor chip in addition to the functions described in Embodiment 1, and perform calculation and control functions related to three-dimensional (3D) imaging. .
  • the night vision device of the present embodiment can have two different usage modes, namely, a head wear mode and a hand use mode.
  • the control system turns on the first display screen and the second display screen to close the third display screen.
  • the night vision device can be worn on the user's head (the night vision device can have a similar wig)
  • the user selects the third display screen upwards, and the two eyes respectively view the first display screen and the second display screen to generate a stereoscopic image through the vision of both eyes.
  • This usage mode can be used for field or underwater activities.
  • the handheld mode the user puts down the third display, the control system turns off the first display and the second display, opens the third display, and directly displays the 3D image.
  • only two two-dimensional display screens can be provided to eliminate the stereo display screen, and the two two-dimensional display screens are respectively used to display the images collected by the first photosensitive chip and the second photosensitive chip.
  • the night vision device can also have different usage modes, namely, head-mounted use and hand-held use.
  • only one stereoscopic display screen may be provided for synthesizing the images acquired by the first photosensitive chip and the second photosensitive chip into a stereoscopic image for display.
  • the control system may further have a spatial calculation function for calculating the image point relative to the night vision device according to the relationship between the images acquired by the first photosensitive chip and the second photosensitive chip.
  • the location of the space may further comprise a satellite positioning module, such as a GPS positioning module, for acquiring position information of the night vision device itself, and the control system is further configured to use the position information of the night vision device itself and the image point relative to the night vision.
  • the spatial position of the device calculates the position information of the image point.
  • the night vision device in this embodiment may also have extended functions such as a storage module and a communication module, and details are not described herein.
  • the night vision device of the present embodiment includes a first sensor chip, a first lens group 301, a first display screen (not shown), an image processing system, a control system, an auxiliary illumination module 303, a connection sleeve 308 and a telescope head 309.
  • the first sensor chip, the image processing system and the control system are housed in the body 304 of the night vision device.
  • the connecting sleeve can be made of rubber or plastic for connecting the telescope head to the first lens group to increase the zoom factor.
  • the end of the connecting sleeve socket telescope head can be configured in different sizes to facilitate the connection of the telescope head of different specifications or different purposes to the first lens group, thereby expanding the range of use of the night vision device.
  • the telescope head used may be, for example, an ordinary telescope, or an astronomical telescope, or a rifle telescope, etc., which can be used not only to assist in nighttime aiming but also to assist in daytime aiming.
  • the first lens group preferably has a high-precision autofocus capability to meet the focus accuracy requirements after the telescope head is attached, and the autofocus driven by the polyhedral ultrasonic motor can meet this requirement.
  • the night vision device of the present embodiment further preferably includes a laser range finder, the laser emitting duct 310 of the laser range finder being disposed in the telescope head, the optical axis of the laser being parallel to the optical axis of the telescope head, the laser range finder being used for measuring the image center
  • the distance between the point and the night vision device can be disposed in the body of the night vision device, and the laser light emitted from the laser emitting catheter can identify the aiming point and is detected by the laser detector after being reflected by the target object, and the control system of the night vision device
  • the distance between the night vision device and the aiming point identified by the laser can be calculated from the time difference between laser emission and reception. In some applications, understanding the distance of the target will facilitate the calculation of the ballistics.
  • the telescope head and the laser range finder externally connected to the night vision device of the embodiment can also cooperate with the night vision device of the second embodiment, and the single-tube connecting sleeve can be replaced with the double-tube connecting sleeve.
  • the laser range finder can be set only one) to expand the zoom magnification and telephoto distance of the binocular night vision device.
  • the combination of the binocular night vision device and the laser range finder can better determine the observation point. Location and distance.
  • the above embodiments are intended to be illustrative of the principles and embodiments of the present invention. It is understood that the above embodiments are only intended to aid the understanding of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting.
  • the night vision device according to the present invention can be configured in a variety of different forms and uses, for example, as a general night vision goggle, a rifle night vision goggle, a fire night vision goggle, a mining night vision goggle, a military night vision device, and the like. Variations to the above-described embodiments may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Cameras In General (AREA)
  • Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
  • Camera Bodies And Camera Details Or Accessories (AREA)
  • Indication In Cameras, And Counting Of Exposures (AREA)
  • Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
  • Stroboscope Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种夜视装置，包括第一感光芯片，第一镜头组（101），第一显示屏，影像处理系统，以及用于通过调整第一镜头组的光学变焦和/或影像处理系统的数码变焦倍数来调整第一感光芯片的成像范围的控制系统，还包括辅助照明模块（103），其包括辅助光源和导光腔体，辅助光源至少能够发出红外光，辅助光源发出的光线通过导光腔体发射出去，导光腔体具有活动调节部件，用于采用手动的方式或由控制系统自动控制的方式调整发射光线的照射范围，该照射范围与第一感光芯片的成像范围相适配。依据本发明的夜视装置能够在硬件水平不变的情况下，提高夜视距离和成像质量。

Description

夜视装置 技术领域
本发明涉及光学技术领域，具体涉及一种夜视装置。
 背景技术
夜视装置在探险、野外勘探、军事等领域有广泛的应用。
早期的夜视装置不具有辅助光源，采用的是热成像的方法，利用对黑体辐射的波长的感应，获得热成像图像，并通过显示器转化为人眼可见的图像。这一时期的装置需要采用复杂的冷却手段，尺寸较大，夜视距离较短。
随着感光芯片技术和发光二极管（LED）照明技术的进步，已出现采用红外LED作为辅助光源的夜视装置。其一般采用望远镜头，利用感光芯片成像并显示在液晶显示屏（LCD）上，辅助光源一般采用固定的出光结构。如果希望改善夜视装置的成像质量，需要增加感光芯片的分辨率，但这通常会降低灵敏度，导致夜视距离的缩短。如果通过变焦来增加夜视距离，则辅助光源需要具有相应的照明距离，这需要增加灯的数量，以加大照明能量，但是当焦距变短时将会导致能量的浪费。
 发明内容
依据本发明提供一种夜视装置，包括至少能够感应红外光的第一感光芯片，用于成像到第一感光芯片上的第一镜头组，用于显示第一感光芯片采集的影像的第一显示屏，以及用于通过光学变焦和/或数码变焦调整第一感光芯片的成像范围的控制系统，还包括辅助照明模块，其包括辅助光源和导光腔体，辅助光源至少能够发出红外光，辅助光源发出的光线通过导光腔体发射出去，导光腔体具有活动调节部件，用于采用手动的方式或由控制系统自动控制的方式调整发射光线的照射范围，该照射范围与第一感光芯片的成像范围相适配。
依据本发明的夜视装置，由于通过手动或自动调整导光腔体的活动调节部件，将辅助光源的照射范围调整为与感光芯片的成像范围相适配，使得辅助光源的能量被充分而有效地利用在需要成像的景物上，能够在硬件水平（感光芯片的分辨率以及辅助光源的照明能力）不变的情况下，提高夜视距离和成像质量。
以下结合附图，对依据本发明的具体示例进行详细说明。
附图说明
图1是实施例1的夜视装置的正面示意图；
图2是实施例1的夜视装置的背面示意图；
图3是实施例1中辅助照明模块的一种结构示意图；
图4是实施例1中辅助照明模块的另一种结构示意图；
图5是实施例2的夜视装置的正面示意图；
图6是实施例2的夜视装置的背面示意图；
图7是实施例3的夜视装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例1
依据本发明的夜视装置的一种实施方式可参照图1和图2，包括第一感光芯片，第一镜头组101，第一显示屏102，影像处理系统，控制系统和辅助照明模块103。其中，第一感光芯片，影像处理系统和控制系统容纳于夜视装置的机体104中。
第一感光芯片至少能够感应红外光。例如，可采用普通的高分辨率感光芯片，即一般数码相机所使用的感光芯片，这种感光芯片能够感应宽泛的光谱范围，包括红外光和可见光，同时其高分辨率也使得数码变焦具有应用的价值。
第一镜头组用于成像到第一感光芯片上，可采用具有固定放大倍数的定焦镜头组，也可采用放大倍数可调的变焦镜头组。优选地，第一镜头组还可以具有自动对焦的能力，控制系统可以根据观察物的距离以及第一镜头组的变焦倍数自动调整第一镜头组与第一感光芯片之间的焦距。
第一显示屏用于显示第一感光芯片采集的影像。感光芯片感应人眼不可见或弱视的红外光并生成图像数据，再通过显示屏以黑白图像的形式显示出来，从而实现夜视功能。本实施例中，第一显示屏可采用二维液晶显示屏，若仅用于实现夜视，可采用黑白显示屏。
影像处理系统用于处理第一感光芯片采集的影像数据，本实施例中，影像处理系统与第一镜头组中的至少一者具有变焦能力，其中第一镜头组可具有光学变焦能力，影像处理系统可具有数码变焦能力。当然，如所周知，也可以同时具备两种变焦能力。
控制系统包括实现控制功能的逻辑处理器件及其周边电路，通过执行指令来控制夜视装置中的各个组件。本领域技术人员熟知如何配置软件和硬件来实现夜视装置所需要的一般控制功能，例如，控制感光芯片的图像采集以及显示屏的显示，控制电源模块对需要的部件进行供电等。构成控制系统的部件单元可以集中布置在同一物理位置，也可以分散在机体的不同位置，可以由单一的处理器完成全部控制功能，也可以由多个处理器协同完成控制功能。
本实施例中，控制系统至少具有调整光学变焦倍数或数码变焦倍数的控制能力，以调整感光芯片的成像范围。当然，在使用光学变焦时需要第一镜头组具有相应的功能，在使用数码变焦时，需要影像处理系统具有相应的功能。控制系统也可以同时控制光学变焦和数码变焦，以对感光芯片的成像范围进行更大幅度地调整。所称成像范围是指用来显示在显示屏上的有效影像所对应的景物的范围，可以用视场角来描述该范围的大小。如所周知，感光芯片的视场角与焦距（包括光学焦距和数码焦距）负相关，焦距越长，视场角就越小。
辅助照明模块包括能够发出红外光的辅助光源和用于将辅助光源发出的光线引导并发射出去的导光腔体。依据本发明的导光腔体具有活动调节部件，用于采用手动的方式或由控制系统自动控制的方式调整发射光线的照射范围，该照射范围与感光芯片的成像范围相适配。根据前述分析可知，对应于不同的变焦倍数，感光芯片具有不同的成像范围（视场角），因此，通过调整辅助光源的照射范围，使其与成像范围相适配，能更有效地利用辅助光源的能量。所称照射范围与成像范围相适配是指照射范围与成像范围一致或接近一致。例如，在变焦倍数较大时，观察的是视场角较小的远距离物体，可以适当聚焦发出的光线，使该远距离物体被更好地照明。在变焦倍数较小时，观察的是视场角较大的近距离物体，可以适当散开发出的光线，以覆盖整个观察范围。本领域技术人员容易理解，根据已有的调整光路的知识，可以设计不同的活动调节部件来变化导光腔体的光学结构以调整出射光线的照射范围。对导光腔体的结构调整可以通过手动调整活动调节部件来实现，也可以由控制系统在进行变焦或自动对焦控制时，根据当前焦距同步自动调整活动调节部件来实现。
辅助光源可采用例如红外LED，产生的红外光包括可见的红外光和不可见的红外光。所称可见的红外光通常是指波长在800nm到920nm之间的红外光，不可见的红外光是指波长在920nm以上的红外光。在某些实施例中，辅助光源也可用于产生可见光。
对于大多数实际的应用而言，当辅助照明模块与镜头的横向（即垂直于光轴的方向）距离远小于与所观测的对象之间的距离时，可以近似地认为辅助照明模块所发出的光线的光轴与感光芯片的光轴是一致的，因此，在一种实施方式中，可以通过调整光线的发散角，使之与感光芯片在不同焦距下的视场角相匹配，来实现光线的照射范围与成像范围的匹配。本实施例中示出的一种依据本发明的辅助照明模块的具体结构可参考图3，包括用作辅助光源的LED灯板1031和导光腔体。LED灯板上设置有多个红外LED1032。导光腔体内壁具有反光特性，这种反光特性可以通过采用反光材料来制作内壁或在内壁上进行反光镀膜来实现。导光腔体包括连通的集光部1033和导管1034。LED灯板封闭在集光部中，经过与集光部连通的导管向外发射光线。导管用作活动调节部件，其长度能够伸缩。导管的伸缩部分1035可以通过手动方式进行调整，例如，伸缩部分以螺纹耦合方式与固定部分配合，可以通过手动旋转来调节其长度；又如，伸缩部分以紧配合的方式套设在固定部分之内或之外，通过手动拉出或压入来调节其长度。导管的伸缩部分也可以由控制系统进行自动控制，优选地，可采用多面体超声电机来驱动导管的伸缩。所使用的超声电机可采用公开号为CN1873455A，名称为“一种一体化光学设备调焦/变焦系统”的中国专利中所描述的原理和结构。采用超声电机驱动导管，具有精度高，功耗低，无噪声等优点。导管的固定部分可充当超声电机的定子，导管的伸缩部分可充当超声电机的动子或者由动子驱动，导管的伸缩部分采用螺旋运动方式或径向固定轴向运动的方式进行伸缩。控制系统通过控制超声电机的旋转方向即可控制导管的伸长或缩短。显然，若导管伸长，则射出的光线的发散角减小，可用于匹配较小的视场角，若导管缩短，则射出的光线的发散角增大，可用于匹配较大的视场角。优选地，第一镜头组的自动对焦也可采用多面体超声电机来驱动。
本实施例中示出的另一种依据本发明的辅助照明模块的具体结构可参考图4，与图3所示的结构相比，区别在于还包括两个聚光镜头组，其中第一聚光透镜组1036设置在导管的伸缩部分内，第二聚光透镜组1037则固定设置在第一聚光透镜组之前的光路上，例如固定设置在集光部连通导管的位置处。与图3中的结构类似，导管的伸缩同样可采用手动或自动控制的方式。随着导管的伸缩运动，两个透镜组之间产生相对位置变化从而改变出射光线的会聚程度。与图3所示结构相比，由于增加使用了两个透镜组，使得调整光线出射角度的能力更强，能够实现高性能的辅助照明。
本实施例中，第一显示屏采用黑白LCD，在其他实施例中，第一显示屏也可采用彩色LCD，第一感光芯片还能够感应可见光。在这种情况下，夜视装置还可包括活动式红外滤光片，其设置于第一感光芯片与第一镜头组之间，能够在垂直于第一镜头组的光轴的方向上移动，使得在光线适合的情况下，夜视装置也可用于获取彩色影像，以扩展适用的场景。例如，在白天或光强足够时（可由控制系统通过测光元件进行判断），控制红外滤光片置于感光芯片与镜头组之间，此时夜视装置处于彩色工作模式，获得并显示彩色图像；而在晚上或光强不够时，控制红外滤光片从第一镜头组的光路上移开，此时夜视装置处于红外工作模式，获得并显示黑白图像。
在某些实施例中，夜视装置还可包括存储模块，用于储存感光芯片采集的影像。例如可采用可插拔的闪存存储器，硬盘存储器以及磁记忆体存储器等。
在某些实施例中，夜视装置还可包括无线通信模块，以通过各种适当的无线通信方式与远程实体进行数据传输，例如传输感光芯片采集的影像或者与影像有关的信息等。所称无线通信方式包括但不限于2G/GPRS/3G/4G、WiFi、蓝牙、2.4G、WiMax等标准或专用通信方式。
实施例2
依据本发明的夜视装置的另一种实施方式可参照图5和图6，与实施例1相比，主要区别在于具有两套镜头组和感光芯片。实施例1可看作一种单筒夜视装置，本实施例则提供一种双筒夜视装置，具体包括第一感光芯片，第二感光芯片，第一镜头组201，第二镜头组205，第一显示屏202，第二显示屏206，第三显示屏207，影像处理系统，控制系统和辅助照明模块203。其中，第一感光芯片，第二感光芯片，影像处理系统和控制系统容纳于夜视装置的机体204中。
本实施例中，与第一感光芯片，第一镜头组，第一显示屏，影像处理系统及辅助照明模块相关的描述可参考实施例1，与第二感光芯片，第二镜头组及第二显示屏相关的描述与第一感光芯片，第一镜头组及第一显示屏类似。第三显示屏为立体显示屏，用于将第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像合成为立体影像进行显示。本实施例中的控制系统除了执行实施例1中描述的功能以外，还用于同步调整第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片的成像范围，并执行与三维(3D)成像相关的计算和控制功能。由于具有二维和三维两套显示屏，本实施例夜视装置可具有两种不同的使用模式，即头戴使用模式和手持使用模式。在头戴使用模式下，控制系统打开第一显示屏和第二显示屏，关闭第三显示屏，这种情况下，夜视装置可以佩戴在使用者头部（夜视装置可具有类似于头套的外形），使用者将第三显示屏向上掀起，双眼分别观看第一显示屏和第二显示屏，通过双眼的视觉产生立体影像，这种使用模式可用于野外或水下活动。在手持使用模式下，使用者将第三显示屏放下，控制系统关闭第一显示屏和第二显示屏，打开第三显示屏，直接显示3D影像。
在其他实施例中，可以只设置两个二维显示屏而省去立体(stereo)显示屏，两个二维显示屏分别用于显示第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像，在此情况下，夜视装置也可具有不同的使用方式，即头戴式使用和手持式使用。在其他实施例中，也可以只设置一个立体显示屏，用于将第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像合成为立体影像进行显示。
为扩展夜视装置的使用价值，优选地，控制系统还可以具有空间计算功能，即用于根据第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像之间的关系，计算影像点相对于夜视装置的空间位置。进一步优选地，夜视装置还可包括卫星定位模块，例如GPS定位模块，用于获取夜视装置自身的位置信息，控制系统还用于根据夜视装置自身的位置信息以及影像点相对于夜视装置的空间位置，计算影像点的位置信息。通过将三维测距与卫星定位相结合，可实现通过夜视装置远程测量被观察物的位置坐标，具有广阔的应用价值，例如可用于航空拍摄，地图标示，野外营救，空降等。
本实施例中的夜视装置同样可具有存储模块及通信模块等扩展功能，不再赘述。
实施例3
依据本发明的夜视装置的另一种实施方式可参照图7，与实施例1相比，主要区别在于具有外接的望远镜头。本实施例夜视装置包括第一感光芯片，第一镜头组301，第一显示屏(未图示)，影像处理系统，控制系统，辅助照明模块303，连接套筒308和望远镜头309。其中，第一感光芯片，影像处理系统和控制系统容纳于夜视装置的机体304中。
本实施例中，与第一感光芯片，第一镜头组，第一显示屏，影像处理系统，控制系统及辅助照明模块相关的描述可参考实施例1。连接套筒可采用橡皮或塑胶制成，用于将望远镜头连接在第一镜头组上以增加变焦倍数。连接套筒套接望远镜头的一端可配置为不同的尺寸，以便于将不同规格或不同用途的望远镜头连接在第一镜头组上，从而扩展夜视装置的使用范围。所使用的望远镜头例如可以是普通望远镜，或者天文望远镜，或者枪瞄望远镜等，不仅可以用于辅助夜间的瞄准，也可用于辅助白天的瞄准。本实施例中，第一镜头组优选具有高精度的自动对焦能力，以适应套接望远镜头后的对焦精度要求，采用多面体超声电机驱动的自动对焦将能满足这一需求。
本实施例夜视装置进一步优选包括激光测距器，激光测距器的激光发射导管310设置于望远镜头中，激光的光轴与望远镜头的光轴平行，该激光测距器用于测量影像中心点与夜视装置之间的距离。激光测距器的激光检测器可设置于夜视装置的机体内，从激光发射导管发出的激光可标识出瞄准点，并经目标物体反射后被激光检测器检测到，夜视装置的控制系统可以根据激光发射和接收的时间差计算出夜视装置与激光标识出的瞄准点之间的距离。在某些应用中，了解目标的距离将有利于进行弹道的计算。
需要说明的是，本实施例夜视装置外接的望远镜头以及激光测距器也可以与实施例2中的夜视装置配合，相应地将单筒连接套筒更换为双筒连接套筒即可（激光测距器可仅设置一个），以扩展双筒夜视装置的变焦倍数和望远距离，同时，将双筒夜视装置与激光测距器相结合，可以更好地确定观测点的位置和距离。
以上应用具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，应该理解，以上实施方式只是用于帮助理解本发明，而不应理解为对本发明的限制。依据本发明的夜视装置可以被配置为各种不同的形态和用途，例如作为普通夜视镜，枪瞄夜视镜，消防用夜视镜、采矿用夜视镜，军用夜视仪等，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，可以对上述具体实施方式进行变化。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种夜视装置，其特征在于，包括，
    第一感光芯片，至少能够感应红外光；
    第一镜头组(101,201,301)，用于成像到第一感光芯片上；
    第一显示屏(102,202)，用于显示第一感光芯片采集的影像；
    影像处理系统，用于处理第一感光芯片采集的影像数据；所述影像处理系统具有数码变焦能力，和/或，第一镜头组具有光学变焦能力；
    控制系统，用于通过调整第一镜头组的光学变焦和/或影像处理系统的数码变焦倍数来调整第一感光芯片的成像范围；
    所述夜视装置还包括，
    辅助照明模块(103,203,303)，包括辅助光源和导光腔体，所述辅助光源至少能够发出红外光，所述辅助光源发出的光线通过所述导光腔体发射出去，所述导光腔体具有活动调节部件，用于采用手动的方式或由所述控制系统自动控制的方式调整发射光线的照射范围，所述照射范围与第一感光芯片的成像范围相适配。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    第一镜头组还具有自动对焦能力，所述控制系统还用于根据观察物的距离以及第一镜头组的变焦倍数自动调整第一镜头组与第一感光芯片之间的焦距。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    所述导光腔体内壁具有反光特性，所述导光腔体包括连通的集光部(1033)和导管(1034)，所述辅助光源封闭在所述集光部中，经过与集光部连通的导管向外发射光线，所述导管用作所述活动调节部件，其长度能够伸缩。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    所述导管的伸缩部分(1035)内还设置有第一聚光透镜组(1036)，第一聚光透镜组之前的光路上还设置有固定的第二聚光透镜组(1037)。
  5. 如权利要求2或3或4所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    所述导管的伸缩采用多面体超声电机驱动。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    还包括活动式红外滤光片，设置于第一感光芯片与第一镜头组之间，能够在垂直于第一镜头组的光轴的方向上移动；
    第一感光芯片还能够感应可见光。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，还包括，
    第二感光芯片，至少能够感应红外光；
    第二镜头组(205)，用于成像到第二感光芯片上；
    所述控制系统同步调整第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片的成像范围；
    第一显示屏为立体显示屏，用于将第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像合成为立体影像进行显示。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，还包括，
    第二感光芯片，至少能够感应红外光；
    第二镜头组(205)，用于成像到第二感光芯片上；
    所述控制系统同步调整第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片的成像范围；
    第一显示屏(202)为二维显示屏，所述夜视装置还包括第二显示屏(206)，第二显示屏为二维显示屏，用于显示第二感光芯片采集的影像。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    所述夜视装置还包括第三显示屏(207)，第三显示屏为立体显示屏，用于将第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像合成为立体影像进行显示，
    所述夜视装置具有头戴使用模式和手持使用模式，所述控制系统在头戴使用模式下，控制打开第一显示屏和第二显示屏，关闭第三显示屏，在手持使用模式下，控制关闭第一显示屏和第二显示屏，打开第三显示屏。
  10. 如权利要求7或8或9所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    所述控制系统还用于根据第一感光芯片和第二感光芯片采集的影像之间的关系，计算影像点相对于所述夜视装置的空间位置。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，
    还包括卫星定位模块，用于获取所述夜视装置自身的位置信息；
    所述控制系统还用于根据所述夜视装置自身的位置信息以及影像点相对于所述夜视装置的空间位置，计算影像点的位置信息。
  12. 如权利要求1所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，还包括连接套筒(308)和望远镜头(309)，所述连接套筒用于将望远镜头连接在镜头组上以增加变焦倍数。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的夜视装置，其特征在于，还包括激光测距器，所述激光测距器的激光发射导管(310)设置于所述望远镜头中，激光的光轴与所述望远镜头的光轴平行，所述激光测距器用于测量影像中心点与所述夜视装置之间的距离。
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