WO2015198231A1 - Dispositif et procédé pour obtenir des émulsions d'eau dans du fioul - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé pour obtenir des émulsions d'eau dans du fioul Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015198231A1
WO2015198231A1 PCT/IB2015/054724 IB2015054724W WO2015198231A1 WO 2015198231 A1 WO2015198231 A1 WO 2015198231A1 IB 2015054724 W IB2015054724 W IB 2015054724W WO 2015198231 A1 WO2015198231 A1 WO 2015198231A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
fuel oil
heavy fuel
liquid flow
emulsion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/054724
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Enrico Fumagalli
Original Assignee
Advanced Financial Services S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Advanced Financial Services S.A. filed Critical Advanced Financial Services S.A.
Publication of WO2015198231A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015198231A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
    • F02M25/0228—Adding fuel and water emulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/41—Emulsifying
    • B01F23/414—Emulsifying characterised by the internal structure of the emulsion
    • B01F23/4145—Emulsions of oils, e.g. fuel, and water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40—Static mixers
    • B01F25/45—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads
    • B01F25/452—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces
    • B01F25/4521—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube
    • B01F25/45211—Mixers in which the materials to be mixed are pressed together through orifices or interstitial spaces, e.g. between beads characterised by elements provided with orifices or interstitial spaces the components being pressed through orifices in elements, e.g. flat plates or cylinders, which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube the elements being cylinders or cones which obstruct the whole diameter of the tube, the flow changing from axial in radial and again in axial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/45—Magnetic mixers; Mixers with magnetically driven stirrers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F33/00—Other mixers; Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/80—Mixing plants; Combinations of mixers
    • B01F33/82—Combinations of dissimilar mixers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F35/92—Heating or cooling systems for heating the outside of the receptacle, e.g. heated jackets or burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0639—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed characterised by the type of fuels
    • F02D19/0649—Liquid fuels having different boiling temperatures, volatilities, densities, viscosities, cetane or octane numbers
    • F02D19/0657—Heavy or light fuel oils; Fuels characterised by their impurities such as sulfur content or differences in grade, e.g. for ships
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
    • F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02D19/0668—Treating or cleaning means; Fuel filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
    • F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
    • F02M27/045—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism by permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0064—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel for engines being fed with multiple fuels or fuels having special properties, e.g. bio-fuels; varying the fuel composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
    • F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
    • F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/90—Heating or cooling systems
    • B01F2035/99—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
    • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
    • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
    • B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a device and a method for making emulsions of water in pure heavy fuel oil (HFO).
  • HFO pure heavy fuel oil
  • Heavy fuel oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable as an end waste product of petroleum distillation processes.
  • the intention is to identify mainly those residual products of petroleum processing which are commonly used as marine fuel or fuel for large thermoelectric power plants.
  • the heavy fuel oil is also referred to as marine sludge.
  • the heavy fuel oils for which this invention is intended are those having viscosity of between 24° Engler and 50° Engler if measured at 50°C.
  • this invention in any case applies both to these pure residual products and to their mixtures.
  • the residue available after petroleum processing depends on the technical structure of the plants of the refineries in which it is produced.
  • the residue used is that from atmospheric distillation, whilst in more complex refineries the residue may be of various types, for example, from vacuum distillation.
  • fluid heavy fuel oil may be defined as:
  • dense heavy fuel oil may be defined as:
  • HFO heavy fuel oil
  • this invention is aimed mainly at a marine fuel which is heavy fuel oil (HFO)-based.
  • this technology allows not just a reduction in polluting residues of combustion, but also an increase in fuel efficiency and therefore a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
  • the main mechanism through which the water of the burning emulsion carries out its beneficial action is practically instantaneous evaporation, manifesting as proper micro-explosions of the droplets of water in emulsion. Since the water droplets are incorporated in larger drops of hydrocarbon previously atomised in a combustion chamber, their evaporation causes further atomisation of the individual drops of hydrocarbon (secondary atomisation). Therefore, following this secondary atomisation a large number of extremely small fuel particles is obtained, with a considerable increase in the surface area in contact with the air supporting combustion.
  • HFO emulsified heavy fuel oil
  • HFO emulsified heavy fuel oil
  • HFO pure heavy fuel oil
  • any molten ashes, before striking the wall of the pipes have more time to cool to a state in which their surface is firm or in any case is no longer able to adhere to the surfaces with which it comes into contact.
  • the shorter flame reduces or eliminates the risk that the flame may make contact with the surfaces of the pipes, and consequently there is a reduction both in the formation of hard corrosive salts in the high temperature zones, and in localised overheating of the pipes.
  • the reduced presence of oxygen and the consequent reduction in SO3 causes less formation of H2SO4, and therefore a reduced corrosive effect.
  • an emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible fluids, in which one of the two is present in the form of more or less large drops within the other.
  • the fluid in dispersed drops is defined the dispersed phase, whilst the other is the continuous phase.
  • the emulsion substantially adopts the chemical - physical properties of the continuous phase, in the context of hydrocarbons in general and of heavy fuel oils in particular, we refer only to those emulsions in which the continuous phase is the hydrocarbon (also called the oily phase) since they have the properties of the hydrocarbon and not of the water.
  • the emulsion in order to guarantee constant performance in the combustion chamber, the emulsion must uniformly involve all of the individual drops of fuel which are atomised in the combustion chamber.
  • the drops of water which are successfully incorporated in the fuel oil may be relatively too big to guarantee sufficient uniformity of combustion.
  • both drops of fuel without water which therefore have all of the problems of fuel oil which is not in an emulsion
  • drops of water without fuel oil can enter the combustion chamber.
  • the technical purpose which forms the basis of this invention is to provide a device and a method for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the technical purpose of this invention is to provide a device and a method for making emulsions of water in pure heavy fuel oil or in a mixture containing mainly fuel oil, which allow the obtainment of emulsions which are more homogeneous, with drops of water that are on average smaller, and consequently which are more stable than those obtainable with the current technologies.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic axial section of a device for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel made in accordance with this invention
  • - Figure 2 is a schematic front view from the left of the device of Figure 1 ;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first plant for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil comprising a device made in accordance with this invention and which can advantageously be used for making the emulsion not on board the ship; and
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a second plant for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil comprising a device made in accordance with this invention and which can advantageously be used for making the emulsion on board the ship.
  • the numeral 1 denotes in its entirety a device for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil according to this invention.
  • the device 1 for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil comprises first a containment body 2 inside which at least an emulsion chamber 3 is made, and which comprises an inlet 4 and an outlet 5.
  • the inlet 4 and the outlet 5 are both in fluid communication with the emulsion chamber 3.
  • the inlet 4 is fed with a pressurised liquid mixture of water and heavy fuel oil (pure or in a mixture) and the outlet 5 supplies an emulsion of water in heavy fuel oil obtained following emulsification of the liquid mixture in the emulsion chamber 3.
  • a liquid flow from the inlet 4 to the outlet 5 is created.
  • the containment body 2 comprises overall a tubular shape which is elongate along a main axis of extension.
  • the containment body 2 may also be constituted either of a single piece or of multiple parts connected to each other (three in the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1 , as described in more detail below).
  • the ends of the containment body 2 form the inlet 4 and the outlet 5.
  • the main axis of extension is horizontal.
  • the containment body 2 is in particular constituted of three parts: a tubular central part 6, a first end part 7 axially inserted in the central part 6 and forming the inlet 4, and a second end part 8 axially inserted in the central part 6 from the side opposite to the first end part 7, and forming the outlet 5.
  • the first end part 7 and the second end part 8 are screwed into the central part 6.
  • the emulsion chamber 3 comprises a central zone 9, first liquid flow breaking means 10 positioned between the inlet 4 and the central zone 9, and second liquid flow breaking means 11 positioned between the central zone 9 and the outlet 5.
  • the central zone 9, which extends from first liquid flow breaking means 10 to second liquid flow breaking means 11 is also delimited by a cylindrical wall that has a surface parallel to the main axis of extension.
  • the first liquid flow breaking means 10 comprise a pierced barrier 12 positioned transversally to the main axis of extension (with holes advantageously having a diameter of between 0.5 mm and 0.75 mm).
  • the pierced barrier 12 is constituted by a wall substantially perpendicular to the main axis of extension and relative holes extend substantially parallel to the main axis of extension and are distributed on the whole wall.
  • the second liquid flow breaking means 11 instead comprise a tubular element 13 extending along the main axis of extension inside the emulsion chamber 3, comprising a blind first end 14 facing towards the inlet 4 and an open second end 15 in fluid communication with the outlet 5, and which also comprises a plurality of through holes 16 (advantageously having a diameter of between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm), made through its lateral wall 17 (advantageously radial and distributed on it).
  • the through holes are distributed only in the upper part of the tubular element 13; in particular, in the embodiment shown in the figures the through holes 16 are distributed along three rows one of which is placed on the top of the tubular element 13 (in this case radial through holes 16 are vertical), and the other two are opposite and placed at a horizontal plane passing through the main axis of extension (in this case radial through holes 16 are horizontal).
  • the central zone 9 of the emulsion chamber 3 is formed by the central part 6
  • the first liquid flow breaking means 10 are formed by the first end part 7, whilst the second liquid flow breaking means 11 are separate and are connected to the second end part 8.
  • the device 1 comprises a plurality of magnets 18 distributed around the emulsion chamber 3 for creating a magnetic field inside the emulsion chamber 3.
  • they are permanent magnets 18, preferably constituted of lanthanum bars.
  • the magnetic field is created with an average intensity of between 600,000 kA/m and 1 ,300,000 kA/m.
  • the magnets 18 are evenly distributed around the emulsion chamber 3 as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Even more preferably, the individual magnets 18 are relatively short, and overall are divided into a plurality of groups which are distributed and spaced along the main axis of extension. As illustrated in Figure 2, which shows a single group of magnets 18, the magnets 18 of each group are also distributed around the main axis of extension.
  • the magnets 18 are arranged in such a way that they all have the same absolute orientation of the respective magnetic poles. In particular they are all positioned with a first pole facing towards the inlet 4 and a second pole facing towards the outlet 5, that is to say, with their magnetic axis parallel to the main axis of extension.
  • the magnets 18 are distributed around the main axis of extension in a single layer, as shown in Figure 2, or that they are distributed in multiple superposed and concentric layers.
  • the device 1 also comprises heating means 19 associated with the containment body 2 for in use keeping the mixture of water and heavy fuel oil at a preset temperature.
  • the heating means 19 may be constituted of electric heating elements coupled to the containment body 2, and the temperature of the heavy fuel oil may be kept at around 60°C.
  • the containment body 2 and/or the first liquid flow breaking means 10 and/or the second liquid flow breaking means 11 are made of a steel having the following magnetic properties:
  • He magnetic coercive field
  • relative magnetic permeability ( ⁇ ⁇ ) of between 1000 and 2000.
  • the containment body 2 and/or the first liquid flow breaking means 10 and/or the second liquid flow breaking means 11 are made of a steel comprising, as a percentage of the total weight, in addition to iron, at least the following components within the ranges indicated:
  • silicon from 0.50 to 1 .35 %
  • nickel from 0.80 to 1 .00 %.
  • the containment body 2 and/or the first liquid flow breaking means 10 and/or the second liquid flow breaking means 11 are subjected to an annealing thermal treatment comprising the steps of:
  • a treatment temperature of between 605°C and 830°C; preferably the treatment temperature is between 710°C and 730°C and advantageously it is equal to 720°C;
  • the thermal treatment is carried out in an inert or reducing atmosphere.
  • the heating steps and the cooling step are carried out in a radiant tube chamber, the second cooling step in an oven, the third cooling step in a water-jacketed chamber.
  • That distinctive thermal treatment allows special magnetic properties (coercive field, hysteresis curve and magnetic permeability) to be obtained which are not possessed by ferritic stainless steels annealed in "standard” conditions.
  • said thermal treatment allows the magnetic properties described above to be obtained.
  • protection may also extend to the annealing thermal treatment method in itself for some components of the device 1 described above.
  • plants 20 for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil which comprise the device 1 described above.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show two different plants 20 designed for different applications.
  • the plant 20 of Figure 3 was designed for initial production of the emulsion and so can advantageously be installed on harbour quays so that it can create the emulsion which will then be fed to the tanks of the ships.
  • the plant 20 of Figure 4 was designed to allow its installation directly on board a ship.
  • the ship engines which are structurally robust but relatively simple so as to guarantee reliability, allow part of the fuel to leak out, which comes out and falls into the collection bilges located below the engines. The fuel is then removed from the bilges by washing with water so that it can be recovered.
  • the first type of plant 20 ( Figure 3) advantageously comprises an upstream tank 21 for in use containing a heavy fuel oil to be emulsified (pure or in a mixture), and a downstream tank 22 for in use containing the emulsion of water in heavy fuel oil.
  • At least a main pipe 23 extends from the upstream tank 21 to the downstream tank 22 and along it at least one device 1 made in accordance with this invention is mounted.
  • at least a main pump 24 is mounted along the main pipe 23 upstream of the device 1 , and at least a secondary pipe 25 is connected to the main pipe 23 upstream of the main pump 24.
  • the main pump 24 can generate in the liquid flow sent towards the device 1 a pressure of at least 35 bar, advantageously of 38-40 bar.
  • the plant 20 may also comprise a filter 27 for removing impurities from the heavy fuel oil, a secondary pump 28 mounted upstream of the filter 27, and at least one water content measuring device 29 associated with the main pipe 23.
  • the plant 20 may also advantageously comprise a control unit (not illustrated) connected at least to the water feed means 26 and to the water content measuring device 29, for regulating operation of the water feed means 26 depending on how much is measured by the water content measuring device 29.
  • the water feed means 26 preferably comprise a metering pump 30 mounted along the secondary pipe 25.
  • the whole plant 20 may be equipped with heating means 19 mounted for example inside a jacket 31 for containing/insulating the various parts. More particularly, it comprises heating means 19 for heating at least the upstream tank 21 , the downstream tank 22 and the main pipe 23 for in use keeping the heavy fuel oil at a preset temperature.
  • the plant 20 of Figures 4 is similar to that of Figure 3, the only difference being the absence of the secondary pipe 25, the water feed means 26, the water content measuring device 29 and the control unit connected to the water feed means 26 and to the water content measuring device 29. Moreover, in this case, in use both the fuel oil and the emulsion water are simultaneously present in the upstream tank 21 . As indicated, to conclude, the subject matter of this patent application also includes a method for making emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil which can be implemented thanks to the device 1 and the plants 20 described above.
  • the method comprises the operating steps of:
  • the magnetic field is advantageously a constant magnetic field, and the liquid mixture feeding pressure is preferably at least 35 bar. Moreover, preferably, the magnetic field is created with an average intensity of between 800,000 kA/m and 900,000 kA/m.
  • the liquid flow is broken into a plurality of micro-flows both at mixture infeed into the emulsion chamber 3, and at outfeed, and on the other hand the emulsion chamber 3 output pressure is reduced (by the second liquid flow breaking means 11 in the embodiment illustrated) to a pressure that is less than 3 bar, preferably equal to 2 bar.
  • the invention described above may be implemented without adding any emulsifying additive at least up to a water content equal, by weight, to 15% of the total. Above that threshold it is, in contrast, preferable to add an additive to the emulsion. That addition may be made by mixing with either the heavy fuel oil or with the water.
  • This invention brings important advantages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un dispositif qui permet d'obtenir des émulsions d'eau dans du fioul et qui comporte un corps de rétention (2) dans lequel est fabriquée au moins une chambre d'émulsion (3) et qui comporte une entrée (4) en communication fluidique avec la chambre d'émulsion (3) et une sortie (5), également en communication fluidique avec la chambre d'émulsion (3), l'entrée (4) fournissant, lors de l'utilisation, un mélange liquide d'eau et de fioul, et la sortie (5) fournissant une émulsion d'eau dans le fioul, créant ainsi, à l'intérieur de la chambre d'émulsion (3), un écoulement de liquide de l'entrée (4) à la sortie (5). Une pluralité d'aimants (18) sont répartis au moins autour de la chambre d'émulsion (3) pour créer un champ magnétique à l'intérieur de celle-ci (3), ladite chambre comportant également une zone centrale (9), un premier moyen de coupure d'écoulement de liquide (10) positionné entre l'entrée (4) et la zone centrale (9), et un second moyen de coupure d'écoulement de liquide (11) positionné entre la zone centrale (9) et la sortie (5). L'invention porte également sur un procédé pour obtenir les émulsions.
PCT/IB2015/054724 2014-06-25 2015-06-24 Dispositif et procédé pour obtenir des émulsions d'eau dans du fioul WO2015198231A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR2014A000172 2014-06-25
ITVR20140172 2014-06-25

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WO2015198231A1 true WO2015198231A1 (fr) 2015-12-30

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US11015126B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2021-05-25 Eme International Limited Apparatus and method for producing biomass derived liquid, bio-fuel and bio-material
US11084004B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2021-08-10 Eme International Lux S.A. Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion
WO2023115113A1 (fr) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-29 Manuel Barreiro Système de conditionnement de combustible

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JP2001248501A (ja) * 2000-03-08 2001-09-14 Seiichi Futaboshi 含水油性燃料およびその製造方法並びにその製造装置
JP2006016495A (ja) * 2004-07-01 2006-01-19 Sun Tec:Kk 乳化燃料の供給方法及び装置
JP2007277503A (ja) * 2006-04-10 2007-10-25 Shigenobu Fujimoto アルコール、植物油、動物油の燃料化方法
JP2009293819A (ja) * 2008-06-03 2009-12-17 Teruaki Kai エマルジョン燃料供給装置及びエマルジョン燃料燃焼装置
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WO2011021473A1 (fr) * 2009-08-19 2011-02-24 株式会社フォーライフ Dispositif de production d'un carburant en émulsion
WO2013124726A1 (fr) * 2012-02-24 2013-08-29 E.Fuel Sa Installation et procédé de production d'émulsion d'eau et de gazole

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11084004B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2021-08-10 Eme International Lux S.A. Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion
US11015126B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2021-05-25 Eme International Limited Apparatus and method for producing biomass derived liquid, bio-fuel and bio-material
WO2023115113A1 (fr) * 2021-12-21 2023-06-29 Manuel Barreiro Système de conditionnement de combustible

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