WO2015150971A1 - Additif émulsifiant servant à former des émulsions d'eau dans du fuel lourd (hfo) - Google Patents

Additif émulsifiant servant à former des émulsions d'eau dans du fuel lourd (hfo) Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015150971A1
WO2015150971A1 PCT/IB2015/052158 IB2015052158W WO2015150971A1 WO 2015150971 A1 WO2015150971 A1 WO 2015150971A1 IB 2015052158 W IB2015052158 W IB 2015052158W WO 2015150971 A1 WO2015150971 A1 WO 2015150971A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
fuel oil
heavy fuel
hfo
sorbitan
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2015/052158
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Enrico Fumagalli
Original Assignee
Fuber Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fuber Limited filed Critical Fuber Limited
Publication of WO2015150971A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015150971A1/fr

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/32—Liquid carbonaceous fuels consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions or oil emulsions
    • C10L1/328—Oil emulsions containing water or any other hydrophilic phase
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1275—Inorganic compounds sulfur, tellurium, selenium containing compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/185—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Aldehydes; Ketones
    • C10L1/1852—Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Orthoesters
    • C10L1/1855—Cyclic ethers, e.g. epoxides, lactides, lactones
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/19—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters
    • C10L1/191—Esters ester radical containing compounds; ester ethers; carbonic acid esters of di- or polyhydroxyalcohols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/195—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10L1/1955—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals each having one carbon bond to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehyde, ketonic, ketal, acetal radical
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/192—Macromolecular compounds
    • C10L1/198—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid
    • C10L1/1985—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds homo- or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon to carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid polyethers, e.g. di- polygylcols and derivatives; ethers - esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
    • C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
    • C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
    • C10L2200/0213—Group II metals: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Zn, Cd, Hg
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/08—Emulsion details
    • C10L2250/084—Water in oil (w/o) emulsion
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an emulsifying additive for forming emulsions of water in pure heavy fuel oil (HFO).
  • HFO pure heavy fuel oil
  • Heavy fuel oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons obtainable as an end waste product of petroleum distillation processes.
  • the intention is to identify mainly those residual products of petroleum processing which are commonly used as marine fuel or fuel for large thermoelectric power plants.
  • the heavy fuel oil is also referred to as marine sludge.
  • the heavy fuel oils for which this invention is intended are those having viscosity of between 24° Engler and 50° Engler if measured at 50°C.
  • this invention in any case applies both to these pure residual products and to any mixtures containing them.
  • the residue available after petroleum processing depends on the technical structure of the plants of the refineries in which it is produced.
  • the residue used is that from atmospheric distillation, whilst in more complex refineries the residue may be of various types, for example, from vacuum distillation.
  • fluid heavy fuel oil may be defined as:
  • dense heavy fuel oil may be defined as:
  • HFO heavy fuel oil
  • this invention is aimed mainly at a marine fuel which is heavy fuel oil (HFO) based.
  • this technology allows not just a reduction in polluting combustion residues, but also an increase in fuel efficiency and therefore a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
  • the main mechanism through which the water of the burning emulsion carries out its beneficial action is practically instantaneous evaporation, manifesting as proper micro-explosions of the droplets of water in emulsion. Since the water droplets are incorporated in larger drops of hydrocarbon previously atomised in a combustion chamber, their evaporation causes further atomisation of the individual drops of hydrocarbon (secondary atomisation). Therefore, following this secondary atomisation a large number of extremely small fuel particles is obtained, with a considerable increase in the surface area in contact with the air supporting combustion.
  • HFO emulsified heavy fuel oil
  • HFO emulsified heavy fuel oil
  • HFO pure heavy fuel oil
  • any molten ashes, before striking the wall of the pipes have more time to cool to a state in which their surface is firm or in any case is no longer able to adhere to the surfaces with which it comes into contact.
  • the shorter flame reduces or eliminates the risk that the flame may make contact with the surfaces of the pipes, and consequently there is a reduction both in the formation of hard corrosive salts in the high temperature zones, and in localised overheating of the pipes.
  • the reduced presence of oxygen and the consequent reduction in SO 3 causes less formation of H 2 SO 4 , and therefore a reduced corrosive effect.
  • an emulsion is a mixture of two immiscible fluids, in which one of the two is present in the form of more or less large drops within the other.
  • the fluid in dispersed drops is defined the dispersed phase, whilst the other is the continuous phase.
  • the emulsion substantially adopts the chemical - physical properties of the continuous phase, in the context of hydrocarbons in general and of heavy fuel oils in particular, we refer only to those emulsions in which the continuous phase is the hydrocarbon (also called the oily phase) since they have the properties of the hydrocarbon and not of the water.
  • surfactants are normally used, which are added to the water.
  • the emulsifying additive must be able to guarantee stability not just during storage of the emulsion, but up until the moment of combustion.
  • HFO heavy fuel oil
  • the technical purpose which forms the basis of this invention is to provide an emulsifying additive for forming emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil which overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages.
  • the technical purpose of this invention is to provide an emulsifying additive for forming emulsions of water in heavy fuel oil, which at the same time guarantees optimum stability of the emulsion and slashing of the pollutants produced by combustion, in particular in the case of emulsions which contain a large quantity of water.
  • the emulsifying additive comprises, as a percentage of the total weight, at least the following components within the ranges indicated (the English definition, if different, is shown in brackets):
  • Polyvinyl acetate from 2.0% to 5%;
  • Sorbitan Stearate, Sorbitan Olivate and Sorbitan Monooleate from 18% to 24%;
  • the additive may also comprise at least one out of:
  • Sorbitan Monostearate and Sorbitan Stearate are distinct components; then, in the context of the present invention, when Sorbitan Stearate is used, it must always be intended to be in addition to Sorbitan Monostearate.
  • the Ethereal Ethoxylate is obtained by making the ethylene oxide (C2H2O) react with an alcohol which may be either Coco- Glucoside or Lanolin.
  • the additive comprises the following components in the following quantities:
  • Coco-Glucoside or Lanolin based Ethereal Ethoxylate from 28.3% to 28.7%; Ethylene Oxide from 0.58% to 0.62%;
  • Sorbitan Monostearate from 34.2% to 34.6%
  • Magnesium sulphate from 1 .95% to 2.05%
  • Polyethylene glycol p-(1 ,1 ,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)-phenyl ether from 4.9 to 5.1 %.
  • the subject matter of this invention also includes an emulsion of water in heavy fuel oil (HFO) which uses the additive described above.
  • Said emulsion advantageously comprises, by weight relative to the total: from 4 to 40% water;
  • HFO heavy fuel oil
  • the additive according to this invention is used for quantities of water equal to at least 12% of the total weight of the emulsion. But advantageously it may even be used with excellent results for quantities of water much higher than 25% (even up to 30-40%).
  • This invention brings important advantages.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un additif émulsifiant servant à former des émulsions d'eau dans du fuel lourd, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend, en poids, au moins : de 25 % à 30 % éthoxylate éthérés ; de 0,1 % à 0,9 % d'oxyde d'éthylène ; de 27 % à 35 % de monostéarate de sorbitane ; de 1 % à 2,5 % de sulfate de magnésium ; de 2,0 % à 5 % de poly(acétate de vinyle) ; un parmi du stéarate de sorbitane, d'olivate de sorbitane et de monooléate de sorbitan à hauteur de 18 % à 24 %; de 0,9 % à 3,2 % de stéarate d'éthylhexyle. et éventuellement au moins l'un parmi : de l'acide dicarboxylique en C21 à hauteur de 1,1 % à 2,2 %, de polyéthylène glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tétraméthylbutyl)-phényle éther à hauteur de 1,8 à 5,8 %.
PCT/IB2015/052158 2014-04-03 2015-03-24 Additif émulsifiant servant à former des émulsions d'eau dans du fuel lourd (hfo) WO2015150971A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVR2014A000085 2014-04-03
ITVR20140085 2014-04-03

Publications (1)

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WO2015150971A1 true WO2015150971A1 (fr) 2015-10-08

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105435841A (zh) * 2015-11-18 2016-03-30 苏同兴 一种水相变催化剂及其制备方法
US10669172B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2020-06-02 Ecolab Usa Inc. Elemental sulfur dispersant to control fouling in water systems
US11015126B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2021-05-25 Eme International Limited Apparatus and method for producing biomass derived liquid, bio-fuel and bio-material
US11084004B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2021-08-10 Eme International Lux S.A. Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56112993A (en) * 1980-02-09 1981-09-05 Tsutomu Morita Emulsifier for emulsified heavy oil
JPS5780488A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-05-20 Nikka Chem Ind Co Ltd Emulsifying agent composition
JPS60104190A (ja) * 1983-11-10 1985-06-08 Koji Shigemitsu 加水燃料油およびその製法
US5851245A (en) * 1996-05-23 1998-12-22 Kao Corporation Method for producing superheavy oil emulsion fuel and fuel produced thereby
CN103627458A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-03-12 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 一种重油水煤浆混合燃料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56112993A (en) * 1980-02-09 1981-09-05 Tsutomu Morita Emulsifier for emulsified heavy oil
JPS5780488A (en) * 1980-11-10 1982-05-20 Nikka Chem Ind Co Ltd Emulsifying agent composition
JPS60104190A (ja) * 1983-11-10 1985-06-08 Koji Shigemitsu 加水燃料油およびその製法
US5851245A (en) * 1996-05-23 1998-12-22 Kao Corporation Method for producing superheavy oil emulsion fuel and fuel produced thereby
CN103627458A (zh) * 2013-12-25 2014-03-12 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 一种重油水煤浆混合燃料及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198142, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1981-76858D, XP002728224 *
DATABASE WPI Week 198611, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1986-071415, XP002728223 *
DATABASE WPI Week 201429, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2014-H42032, XP002728225 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11084004B2 (en) 2014-11-10 2021-08-10 Eme International Lux S.A. Device for mixing water and diesel oil, apparatus and process for producing a water/diesel oil micro-emulsion
CN105435841A (zh) * 2015-11-18 2016-03-30 苏同兴 一种水相变催化剂及其制备方法
US11015126B2 (en) 2016-12-30 2021-05-25 Eme International Limited Apparatus and method for producing biomass derived liquid, bio-fuel and bio-material
US10669172B2 (en) 2017-08-23 2020-06-02 Ecolab Usa Inc. Elemental sulfur dispersant to control fouling in water systems

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