WO2015192774A1 - 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用 - Google Patents

手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2015192774A1
WO2015192774A1 PCT/CN2015/081701 CN2015081701W WO2015192774A1 WO 2015192774 A1 WO2015192774 A1 WO 2015192774A1 CN 2015081701 W CN2015081701 W CN 2015081701W WO 2015192774 A1 WO2015192774 A1 WO 2015192774A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
methyl
phenyl
naphthalen
group
substituted
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/081701
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
姜标
李晓贤
李金华
邢萍
Original Assignee
中国科学院上海有机化学研究所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 filed Critical 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所
Publication of WO2015192774A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192774A1/zh

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C215/00Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/46Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/48Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups linked to the six-membered aromatic ring, or to the condensed ring system containing that ring, by carbon chains not further substituted by hydroxy groups
    • C07C215/50Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton with amino groups linked to the six-membered aromatic ring, or to the condensed ring system containing that ring, by carbon chains not further substituted by hydroxy groups with amino groups and the six-membered aromatic ring, or the condensed ring system containing that ring, bound to the same carbon atom of the carbon chain
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D265/00Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D265/041,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines
    • C07D265/121,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
    • C07D265/141,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
    • C07D265/181,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring with hetero atoms directly attached in position 2
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/18Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
    • B01J31/1805Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing nitrogen
    • B01J31/181Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine
    • B01J31/1815Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine
    • B01J31/182Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, comprising at least one complexing nitrogen atom as ring member, e.g. pyridine with more than one complexing nitrogen atom, e.g. bipyridyl, 2-aminopyridine comprising aliphatic or saturated rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2217At least one oxygen and one nitrogen atom present as complexing atoms in an at least bidentate or bridging ligand
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/16Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
    • B01J31/22Organic complexes
    • B01J31/2204Organic complexes the ligands containing oxygen or sulfur as complexing atoms
    • B01J31/2208Oxygen, e.g. acetylacetonates
    • B01J31/2226Anionic ligands, i.e. the overall ligand carries at least one formal negative charge
    • B01J31/2252Sulfonate ligands
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2231/00Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2231/30Addition reactions at carbon centres, i.e. to either C-C or C-X multiple bonds
    • B01J2231/34Other additions, e.g. Monsanto-type carbonylations, addition to 1,2-C=X or 1,2-C-X triplebonds, additions to 1,4-C=C-C=X or 1,4-C=-C-X triple bonds with X, e.g. O, S, NH/N
    • B01J2231/3411,2-additions, e.g. aldol or Knoevenagel condensations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2531/00Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
    • B01J2531/20Complexes comprising metals of Group II (IIA or IIB) as the central metal
    • B01J2531/26Zinc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the application of a chiral aminophenol ligand in the asymmetric synthesis of efavirenz, and the chiral aminophenol ligand compound is used for inducing (S)-6-chloro-4-cyclopropynyl-4- Asymmetric synthesis of trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-1,3-benzoxazin-2-one (Efavirenz).
  • the ligand is cheap and easy to obtain, safe and recyclable; used in the asymmetric synthesis of efavirenz, has the advantages of high yield, good enantioselectivity, simple operation, industrial production and good product quality.
  • AIDS is a major disease that currently plagues humans, and scientists from all over the world have conducted extensive research on the drugs used in their treatment.
  • the method and production process of the anti-HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz in the Jiangbiao group developed a one-pot asymmetric synthesis process of HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz, which is efavirenz Research and industrial production take a big step.
  • the invention relates to a chiral aminophenol ligand for asymmetric synthesis of HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor efavirenz.
  • the method has the advantages of low cost and easy availability, stable ligand, high yield, simple operation and good product quality. The advantages.
  • a method for asymmetric synthesis of efavirenz comprising:
  • chiral aminophenol ligand is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 1 , R 2 are each independently R 4 -substituted C 1 -C 15 alkyl, R 4 -substituted benzyl, R 4 -substituted 1-phenyl C 2 -C 15 alkyl;
  • R 1 , R 2 together form an unsubstituted or R 4 -substituted -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m - wherein X is CH 2 , O or S; n, m are each independently from 1 to 5 Integer
  • R 3 is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl, R 4 substituted phenyl, R 4 substituted naphthyl, R 4 substituted heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl; said R The definition of 4 is as shown above;
  • the heteroaryl group means a five- or six-membered cyclic aromatic compound containing an N, O or S hetero atom;
  • Z is a hydrogen, monosubstituted or polysubstituted electron withdrawing or electron donating group;
  • the electron withdrawing group is F, Cl, Br, NO 2 , CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O, CH 2 FO, PhC(O) or Ac;
  • the electron donating group is a C 1 -C 5 alkoxy group, NH 2 or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group;
  • R 4 is one or more substituents and is each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , i-Pr, i-Bu, t-Bu, cyclopropyl. , cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, CH 3 O, CH 3 CH 2 O, i-PrO, t-BuO, BnO, NO 2 , CO 2 Et, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F , CF 3 O, CHF 2 O or CH 2 FO.
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand is selected from the group consisting of 1-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 1-(phenyl (pyrrole) Alkyl-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl) Methyl)phenol, 1-(morpholino(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-((benzyl(methyl)amino)(p-tolyl)methyl)-4-nitrophenol , 4-methyl-2-(phenyl(piperidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 2-((4-chlorophenyl)(morpholino)methyl)phenol, 2,4-dichloro -6-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 1-((methyl(1-phenylethyl, 2-
  • the reaction is carried out in the presence or absence of an organic solvent; preferably, The organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, or a combination thereof.
  • the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, or a combination thereof.
  • the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of a Zn(II) salt, a Cu(I) salt, a Cu(II) salt, or a combination thereof; preferably, the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of Group: ZnBr 2 , ZnCl 2 , ZnF 2 , Zn(OTs) 2 , Zn(PhSO 3 ) 2 , Zn(OAc) 2 , Zn(C 11 H 23 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(C 17 H 35 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(acac) 2 , ZnSO 4 , Zn(OH) 2 , Zn(OTf) 2 , Zn(ODf) 2 , Zn(OMs) 2 , CuBr, CuCl, CuBr 2 , CuCl 2 , Cu(OTs) 2 , Cu(PhSO 3 ) 2 , Cu(OTf) 2 , Cu(ODf) 2 , Cu(OMs) 2
  • the organic base is selected from the group consisting of MeN(i-Pr) 2 , HNEt 2 , N(i-Pr) 3 , pyridine, NEt 3 , piperidine, EtN (i-Pr) 2 , N(n-Bu) 3 , or a combination thereof.
  • the method comprises steps (i) and (ii):
  • the reaction time is from 1 to 72 hours.
  • the reaction time is 4 to 48 hours.
  • the reaction temperature is from 50 ° C to the reflux temperature.
  • the acid water is an aqueous solution of a mineral acid or an organic acid.
  • the acid water is an aqueous HCl solution of 1 to 12 mol/L.
  • the method further comprises recovering the chiral aminophenol ligand from the resulting reaction mixture after the quenching reaction.
  • the recovering comprises the step of recovering the chiral aminophenol ligand with hydrochloric acid; wherein the concentration of hydrochloric acid is from 1 to 12 mol/L, preferably from 4 to 8 mol/L.
  • the recovering comprises the steps of: adding hydrochloric acid to the reaction mixture obtained after the quenching reaction, separating the aqueous phase containing the ligand hydrochloride; and then adjusting the pH of the aqueous phase to be weakly alkaline (preferably The pH is 7-12), and extraction is carried out with an organic solution to obtain an organic phase containing a ligand.
  • R 1 , R 2 are the same or different groups; R 1 , R 2 are R 4 -substituted C 1 -C 15 alkyl, R 4 -substituted benzyl, R 4 -substituted 1-phenyl C 2 -C 15 alkyl; or R 1 , R 2 is -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m - and R 4 substituted -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m -, wherein X is CH 2 , O or S; n, m is an integer from 1 to 5;
  • the substituent R 4 refers to H, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , i-Pr, i-Bu, t-Bu, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl. , CH 3 O, CH 3 CH 2 O, i-PrO, t-BuO, BnO, NO 2 , CO 2 Et, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O or CH 2 FO;
  • R 3 is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl, R 4 substituted phenyl, R 4 substituted naphthyl, R 4 substituted heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl; said R The definition of 4 is as shown above;
  • the heteroaryl group means a five- or six-membered cyclic aromatic compound containing an N, O or S hetero atom;
  • Z is a hydrogen, monosubstituted or polysubstituted electron withdrawing or electron donating group;
  • the electron withdrawing group is F, Cl, Br, NO 2 , CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O, CH 2 FO, PhC(O) or Ac;
  • the electron-donating group is a C 1 -C 5 alkoxy group, a NH 2 or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group.
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand is selected from the group consisting of 1-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 1-(phenyl (pyrrole) Alkyl-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl) Methyl)phenol, 1-(morpholino(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-((benzyl(methyl)amino)(p-tolyl)methyl)-4-nitrophenol , 4-methyl-2-(phenyl(piperidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 2-((4-chlorophenyl)(morpholino)methyl)phenol, 2,4-dichloro -6-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 1-((methyl(1-phenylethyl, 2-
  • the asymmetric synthesis of efavirenz comprises the following steps:
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand, (4-chloro-2-trifluoroacetylphenyl)carbamate, cyclopropylacetylene, Lewis acid and an organic base are in - The reaction is carried out at 30 ° C to 30 ° C for 1 to 72 hours, and the reaction is quenched by adding acid water;
  • the organic phase is then allowed to continue to react at 40 ° C to reflux temperature for 4 to 48 hours to give a high enantioselective efavirenz; the chiral aminophenol ligand, (4-chloro-2-trifluoroacetyl)
  • the molar ratio of phenyl)urethane, cyclopropylacetylene, Lewis acid and organic base is 1: (0.5-3): (1-40): (0.5-2): (0.5-10).
  • the organic solvent is an alcohol solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent or a mixed solvent as described above.
  • the Lewis acid is a Zn(II) salt, a Cu(I) salt or a Cu(II) salt; preferably, the Zn(II) salt, Cu(I) salt or Cu (II) salts are specifically ZnBr 2 , ZnCl 2 , ZnF 2 , Zn(OTs) 2 , Zn(PhSO 3 ) 2 , Zn(OAc) 2 , Zn(C 11 H 23 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(C 17 H 35 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(acac) 2 , ZnSO 4 , Zn(OH) 2 , Zn(OTf) 2 , Zn(ODf) 2 , Zn(OMs) 2 , CuBr, CuCl, CuBr 2 , CuCl 2 , Cu (OTs) 2 , Cu(PhSO 3 ) 2 , Cu(OTf) 2 , Cu(ODf) 2 , or Cu(OMs) 2 ,
  • the organic base is MeN(i-Pr) 2 , HNEt 2 , N(i-Pr) 3 , pyridine, NEt 3 , piperidine, EtN(i-Pr) 2 or N ( n-Bu) 3 .
  • the acid water is an aqueous HCl solution of 1 to 12 mol/L.
  • the method further comprises the step of recovering the chiral aminophenol ligand from the aqueous solution after the quenching reaction.
  • a method for preparing a efavirenz wherein the preparation system comprises: a chiral aminophenol ligand, a Lewis acid, an organic base, (4-chloro-2-trifluoroacetyl) Phenyl) urethane and cyclopropylacetylene;
  • chiral aminophenol ligand is selected from the group consisting of:
  • R 1 , R 2 are each independently R 4 -substituted C 1 -C 15 alkyl, R 4 -substituted benzyl, R 4 -substituted 1-phenyl C 2 -C 15 alkyl;
  • R 1 , R 2 together form an unsubstituted or R 4 -substituted -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m - wherein X is CH 2 , O or S; n, m are each independently from 1 to 5 Integer
  • R 3 is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl, R 4 substituted phenyl, R 4 substituted naphthyl, R 4 substituted heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl; said R The definition of 4 is as shown above;
  • the heteroaryl group means a five- or six-membered cyclic aromatic compound containing an N, O or S hetero atom;
  • Z is a hydrogen, monosubstituted or polysubstituted electron withdrawing or electron donating group;
  • the electron withdrawing group is F, Cl, Br, NO 2 , CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O, CH 2 FO, PhC(O) or Ac;
  • the electron donating group is a C 1 -C 5 alkoxy group, NH 2 or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group;
  • R 4 is one or more substituents and is each independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , i-Pr, i-Bu, t-Bu, cyclopropyl. , cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, CH 3 O, CH 3 CH 2 O, i-PrO, t-BuO, BnO, NO 2 , CO 2 Et, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F , CF 3 O, CHF 2 O or CH 2 FO.
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand is selected from the group consisting of 1-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 1-(phenyl (pyrrole) Alkyl-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol, 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl) Methyl)phenol, 1-(morpholino(phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, 2-((benzyl(methyl)amino)(p-tolyl)methyl)-4-nitrophenol 4-methyl-2-(phenyl(piperidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 2-((4- Chlorophenyl)(morpholino)methyl)phenol, 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, 1-((methyl(1-phenyl) Ethy
  • the invention finds a kind of chiral aminophenol ligand, which is stable to strong acid and alkali, the preparation raw material is low in price, the method is simple, and the ligand can be recovered almost quantitatively, and the recovered ligand can be directly used, chiral induction. The effect is still excellent.
  • Zn(OTs) 2 represents zinc p-toluenesulfonate
  • Zn(OAc) 2 represents zinc acetate
  • Zn(acac) 2 represents zinc acetylacetonate
  • Zn(OTf) 2 represents zinc triflate
  • Zn. (ODf) 2 representative of difluoromethane sulfonate zinc
  • Zn (OMs) 2 represents a methyl sulfonate zinc
  • Cu (OTs) 2 representative of copper para-tosylate
  • Cu (OTf) 2 representative of triflate copper
  • Cu ( ODf) 2 Representing copper trifluoromethanesulfonate
  • Cu (OMs) 2 represents a methyl acid copper.
  • the present invention provides a class of chiral aminophenol ligands which can be used in the preparation of efavirenz, and analogs thereof.
  • the structural formula of the aminophenol and its analogs is as follows:
  • R 1 , R 2 are the same or different groups; R 1 , R 2 are R 4 -substituted C 1 -C 15 alkyl, R 4 -substituted benzyl, R 4 -substituted 1-phenyl C 2 -C 15 alkyl; or R 1 , R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m -, or R 4 substituted -(CH 2 ) n X(CH 2 ) m -, wherein X is CH 2 , O or S; n, m is an integer from 1 to 5;
  • the substituent R 4 refers to H, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 , CH 3 CH 2 , i-Pr, i-Bu, t-Bu, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl. , CH 3 O, CH 3 CH 2 O, i-PrO, t-BuO, BnO, NO 2 , CO 2 Et, CN, CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O or CH 2 FO;
  • R 3 is phenyl, naphthyl, heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl, R 4 substituted phenyl, R 4 substituted naphthyl, R 4 substituted heteroaryl, benzoheteroaryl; said R The definition of 4 is as shown above;
  • the heteroaryl group means a five- or six-membered cyclic aromatic compound containing an N, O or S hetero atom;
  • Z is a hydrogen, monosubstituted or polysubstituted electron withdrawing or electron donating group;
  • the electron withdrawing group is F, Cl, Br, NO 2 , CF 3 , CHF 2 , CH 2 F, CF 3 O, CHF 2 O, CH 2 FO, PhC(O) or Ac;
  • the electron-donating group is a C 1 -C 5 alkoxy group, a NH 2 or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group.
  • R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , and Z are:
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 4 -
  • R 3 is phenyl
  • Z is hydrogen
  • formula I corresponds to compound 1, ie 1-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalene -2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 4 -
  • R 3 is phenyl
  • Z is hydrogen
  • formula II corresponds to compound 2, ie 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalene -1-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 4 -, R 3 is phenyl, Z is hydrogen, and formula III corresponds to compound 3, ie 2-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol ;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is a phenyl group, Z is hydrogen, and formula I corresponds to compound 4, ie, 1-(morpholino(phenyl)-methyl Naphthyl-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 5 -, R 3 is phenyl, Z is 4-methyl, and formula III corresponds to compound 6, ie 4-methyl-2-(phenyl (piperidine)- 1-yl)methyl)phenol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -
  • R 3 is p-chlorophenyl
  • Z is H
  • formula III corresponds to compound 7, ie 2-((4-chlorophenyl) (morpholino)methyl)phenol
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 4 -
  • R 3 is phenyl
  • Z is 2,4-dichloro
  • formula III corresponds to compound 8, ie 2,4-dichloro-6-(phenyl (pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol
  • R 1 is Me
  • R 2 is 1-phenylethyl
  • R 3 is phenyl
  • Z is H
  • Formula I corresponds to Compound 9, ie 1-((methyl(1-phenylethyl)amino)( Phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 5 -
  • R 3 is p-bromophenyl
  • Z is H
  • formula I corresponds to compound 10, ie 1-((4-bromophenyl)(piperidine-1) -yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is p-nitrophenyl, Z is H, and formula I corresponds to compound 11, ie 1-(morpholino (4) -nitrophenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is p-trifluoromethylphenyl, Z is 7-methoxy, and formula I corresponds to compound 12, ie 7- Methoxy-1-(morpholino(4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 5 -
  • R 3 is 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl
  • Z is 5-methoxy
  • formula II corresponds to compound 13, ie 2-((2) , 4-dimethoxyphenyl)(piperidin-1-yl)methyl)-5-methoxynaphthalen-1-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is 2-methoxyphenyl, Z is 5-methoxy, and formula II corresponds to compound 14, ie 5- Methoxy-2-((2-methoxyphenyl)(morpholinyl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is thiophen-3-yl, Z is H, and formula II corresponds to compound 15, ie 2-(morpholino) Thiophen-3-yl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol;
  • R 1 is Me
  • R 2 is 1-phenylethyl
  • R 3 is naphthalen-1-yl
  • Z is H
  • Formula I corresponds to Compound 16, ie 1-((methyl(1-phenylethyl)amino) (naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 S(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is p-tolyl, Z is H, and formula I corresponds to compound 17, ie 1-(thiomorpholino (pair) -toluyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 is Me
  • R 2 is cyclohexylmethyl
  • R 3 is phenyl
  • Z is H
  • formula I corresponds to compound 18, ie 1-(((cyclohexylmethyl)(methyl)amino)(phenyl) Methyl)naphthalen-2-ol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 N(CH 3 )(CH 2 ) 2 -, R 3 is p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl, Z is 4, and 5 is diphenol methylene. Protection, compound III corresponding to formula III, ie 6-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methyl)benzo[d][1,3] Dioxol-5-ol;
  • R 3 is a phenyl group
  • Z is a 6-benzoyl group
  • the formula I corresponds to the compound 20, that is, (5-((dimethylamino)(phenyl)methyl)-6) -hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone;
  • R 1 is Me
  • R 2 is Bn
  • R 3 is benzofuran-3-yl
  • Z is H
  • formula III corresponds to compound 21, ie 2-(benzofuran-3-yl (benzyl) Amino)methyl)phenol
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 5 -
  • R 3 is 2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl
  • Z is 2-methoxy
  • formula III corresponds to compound 22, ie 2- Methoxy-6-((2-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)(piperidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -(CH 2 ) 2 O(CH 2 ) 2 -
  • R 3 is p-benzyloxyphenyl
  • Z is 4-nitro
  • formula III corresponds to compound 23, ie 2-(( (benzyloxy)phenyl)(morpholino)methyl)-4-nitrophenol;
  • R 1 and R 2 together form -CH 2 CH(COOEt)(CH 2 ) 3 -, R 3 is 7-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl, Z is H, and formula III corresponds to compound 24, ie Ethyl 1-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(7-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)piperidine-3-carboxylate;
  • R 3 is a phenyl group
  • Z is 4-NH 2
  • formula II corresponds to compound 25, that is, 4-amino-2-((dimethylamino)(phenyl)methyl) Naphthalen-1-ol.
  • the invention also provides a preparation method of efavirenz, which comprises preparing the efavirenz using the above-mentioned chiral aminophenol as a ligand.
  • the method comprises the steps of:
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand is mixed with cyclopropylacetylene, Lewis acid and an organic base in an organic solvent or in the absence of a solvent at a certain temperature; (4-chloro-2-trifluoroethane is added to the mixture) Ethyl acetyl phenyl) urethane is reacted.
  • the reaction formula is as follows:
  • the above reaction temperature is -30 ° C to 30 ° C, more preferably room temperature.
  • a preferred reaction time is from 1 to 72 hours.
  • the Lewis acid is selected from the group consisting of Zn(II) salt, Cu(I) salt or Cu(II) salt; preferably selected from the group consisting of ZnBr 2 , ZnCl 2 , ZnF 2 , Zn(OTs) 2 , Zn(PhSO 3 ) 2 , Zn(OAc) 2 , Zn(C 11 H 23 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(C 17 H 35 CO 2 ) 2 , Zn(acac) 2 , ZnSO 4, Zn (OH) 2 , Zn (OTf) 2, Zn (ODf) 2, Zn (OMs) 2, CuBr, CuCl, CuBr 2, CuCl 2, Cu (OTs) 2, Cu (PhSO 3) 2, Cu (OTf) 2, Cu ( ODf) 2 or Cu (OMs) 2; more preferably, the Zn (II) salt is Zn (OTs) 2.
  • Zn(OTs) 2 represents zinc p-toluenesulfonate
  • Zn(OAc) 2 represents zinc acetate
  • Zn(acac) 2 represents zinc acetylacetonate
  • Zn(OTf) 2 represents zinc triflate
  • Zn(ODf) 2 represents zinc difluoromethanesulfonate
  • Zn(OMs) 2 represents zinc methanesulfonate
  • Cu(OTs) 2 represents copper p-toluenesulfonate
  • Cu(OTf) 2 represents copper triflate
  • Cu(ODf) 2 Represents copper difluoromethanesulfonate
  • Cu(OMs) 2 represents copper methanesulfonate.
  • the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alcohol solvent, a ketone solvent, an ester solvent, an ether solvent, a hydrocarbon solvent, or a combination thereof.
  • the organic solvent is selected from the group consisting of tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate, n-butyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, diethyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether, 1,4-dioxane.
  • the organic base is preferably selected from the group consisting of MeN(i-Pr) 2 , HNEt 2 , N(i-Pr) 3 , pyridine, NEt 3 , piperidine, EtN(i-Pr) 2 , N(n -Bu) 3 , or a combination thereof; more preferably, the organic base is NEt 3 .
  • the ratio of each reactant is not particularly limited and can be adjusted depending on the specific reactant type selected.
  • the molar amount of each reactant is as follows:
  • Chiral aminophenol ligand (4-chloro-2-trifluoroacetylphenyl)carbamate: cyclopropylacetylene: Lewis acid: organic base molar ratio is 1: (0.5-3): (1-40): (0.5-2): (0.5-10); especially recommended 1: (0.8-1.5): (5-20) :(0.7-1.4): (3-8).
  • the chiral aminophenol ligand was recovered with hydrochloric acid.
  • the concentration of hydrochloric acid is preferably from 1 to 12 mol/L, more preferably from 4 to 8 mol/L.
  • the recovering comprises the steps of: adding acid water (ie, an aqueous acid solution, preferably an aqueous solution of a mineral acid or an organic acid) to the reaction mixture obtained after the end of the reaction, so that the ligand is The salt is transferred to the aqueous phase, and the aqueous phase is separated to adjust the pH to slightly alkaline ( ⁇ 7, preferably pH 7-9), and then extracted with an organic solution to recover the ligand.
  • acid water ie, an aqueous acid solution, preferably an aqueous solution of a mineral acid or an organic acid
  • the method further comprises: heating the product mixture remaining after the recovery, and cyclizing to obtain the final product efavirenz.
  • the cyclization reaction temperature is preferably from 40 ° C to reflux temperature, more preferably from 50 ° C to reflux temperature.
  • (S)-(4-chloro-2-(4-cyclopropyl-) may be isolated from the product mixture remaining after recovery after the cyclization step.
  • Ethyl 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-hydroxybut-3-yn-2-yl)phenyl)carbamate was then subjected to a cyclization reaction using the purified product described above.
  • the process of the invention involves asymmetric addition of chiral aminophenol ligands.
  • the chiral aminophenol is simple in synthesis, high in resolution, and the ligand is stable to acid and alkali, and can be quantitatively recovered after use, maintaining the original chirality, directly inputting into the synthesis of the next batch, and reducing the production cost. Maximize economic and social benefits and is suitable for large-scale industrial production.
  • the ligand chiral aminophenol used in the present invention has a wider source and lower cost than the prior art method for synthesizing efavirenz, and is suitable for industrial production.
  • the toluene phase was refluxed to obtain efavirenz, and the crude product was recrystallized and purified to obtain the target compound 2.94 g, the yield was 93%, and the ee value was 99%.
  • Example 5 the aminophenol ligand used (R)-2,4-dichloro-6-(phenyl(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)phenol, and the zinc salt was Cu(PhSO 3 ) 2 NEt 3 was used as the base, n-hexane was used as the solvent, the yield was 78%, and the ee value was 87%.
  • the salt used ZnCl 2 , the base used N(i-Pr) 3 , and the solvent used was a mixed solvent of ethyl acetate and n-hexane, the yield was 75%, and the ee value was 79%.
  • the aminophenol ligand was (R)-2-(morpholino(thiophen-3-yl)methyl)naphthalen-1-ol, and the zinc salt was Zn(PhSO 3 ) 2 , base.
  • Piperidine was used, the solvent was ethanol, the yield was 80%, and the ee value was 71%.
  • the aminophenol ligand was used (R)-1-((methyl(1-phenethyl)amino)(naphthalen-1-yl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol, and the zinc salt was used.
  • Zn(PhSO 3 ) 2 piperidine was used as the base, acetone was used as the solvent, the yield was 81%, and the ee value was 85%.
  • the aminophenol ligand used (R)-1-(thiomorpholino(p-tolyl)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol the zinc salt was Zn(OTf) 2 , and the base was used.
  • Pyridine the solvent used tetrahydrofuran, the yield was 79%, and the ee value was 69%.
  • the aminophenol ligand was used (R)-6-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)(4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)methyl)benzo[ d] [1,3]dioxol-5-ol, CuBr was used as the zinc salt, N(i-Pr) 3 was used as the base, toluene was used as the solvent, the yield was 71%, and the ee value was 74%.
  • the aminophenol ligand used (R)-(5-((dimethylamino)(phenyl)methyl)-6-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)(phenyl)methanone, CuCl 2 was used for the zinc salt, MeN(i-Pr) 2 was used for the base, and a mixed solvent of toluene and tetrahydrofuran was used as the solvent, and the yield was 83%, and the ee value was 86%.
  • the solvent used toluene with a yield of 71% and an ee value of 69%.
  • Example 5 After completion of the reaction, 50 mL of a 6 M aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was added, and the ligand was salted and transferred to an aqueous phase. The aqueous phase was separated, then the pH of the aqueous phase was adjusted to be slightly basic with 101 mL of 3M aqueous sodium hydroxide. After concentration under reduced pressure, the recovered ligand was 3.62 g, and the recovery was 99.4%.

Abstract

本发明涉及一种手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用,使用手性氨基酚配体化合物,用于诱导(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成。该配体廉价易得,安全可回收;用在依法韦仑的不对称合成中,具有得率高、对映选择性好,操作简便,可工业化生产,产品质量好的优点。

Description

手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用 技术领域
本发明涉及一种手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用,将手性氨基酚配体化合物用于诱导(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成。该配体廉价易得,安全可回收;用在依法韦仑的不对称合成中,具有得率高、对映选择性好,操作简便,可工业化生产,产品质量好的优点。
背景技术
氨基酚类化合物早在上个世纪初就已经被合成,但其手性拆分及应用则比较滞后。1998年,Naso等人报道了手性氨基酚用于二乙基锌对芳香醛的不对称加成,可以获得99%的对映选择性。之后,手性氨基酚在不对称合成中的应用越来越多。纵观其在不对称合成中的应用,主要还是借助于烷基锌试剂,先进行活化后再与简单的芳香醛类底物反应,可以取得中等到良好的对映选择性。同时也有报道,将其用于BINOL的拆分,或者是将其作为手性辅基来使用。手性氨基酚的合成方法简单,且具有非常适宜的配位结构与基团,可以催化和诱导多种类型的有机反应,是一类非常有潜力和高效的手性催化剂,相信在不久的将来其定会在医药、农药、化工等领域表现出非凡的魅力。
艾滋病是目前困扰人类一大疾病,而世界各国科学家对用于其治疗的药物进行了大量的研究。姜标课题组对抗HIV逆转录酶抑制剂依法韦仑合成的方法学以及生产工艺研究,发展了HIV逆转录酶抑制剂依法韦仑类化合物的一锅法不对称合成工艺,为依法韦仑的研究和工业生产迈出一大步。
然而,本领域尚待开发成本更低,性能更稳定的手性配体,用于依法韦仑的合成。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种手性氨基酚配体用于HIV逆转录酶抑制剂依法韦仑的不对称合成,该方法具有原料价廉易得,配体稳定,得率高,操作简便,产品质量好的优点。
本发明的第一方面,提供了一种依法韦仑不对称合成方法,所述方法包括:
在手性氨基酚配体、Lewis酸及有机碱存在下、用(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯与环丙基乙炔反应,得到光学活性的依法韦仑;
其中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:
Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-000001
其中,R1,R2各自独立地为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;
或者R1,R2共同构成未取代或R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中,X为CH2、O或S;n、m各自独立地为1到5的整数;
R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基;
R4为一个或多个取代基,且各自独立地选自下组:H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO。
在另一优选例中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
在另一优选例中,所述的反应在有机溶剂或无溶剂存在下进行;优选地,所 述的有机溶剂选自下组:醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、烃类溶剂,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,所述的Lewis酸选自下组:Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐、Cu(II)盐,或其组合;优选地,所述的Lewis酸选自下组:ZnBr2、ZnCl2、ZnF2、Zn(OTs)2、Zn(PhSO3)2、Zn(OAc)2、Zn(C11H23CO2)2、Zn(C17H35CO2)2、Zn(acac)2、ZnSO4、Zn(OH)2、Zn(OTf)2、Zn(ODf)2、Zn(OMs)2、CuBr、CuCl、CuBr2、CuCl2、Cu(OTs)2、Cu(PhSO3)2、Cu(OTf)2、Cu(ODf)2、Cu(OMs)2,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,所述的有机碱选自下组:MeN(i-Pr)2、HNEt2、N(i-Pr)3、吡啶、NEt3、哌啶、EtN(i-Pr)2、N(n-Bu)3,或其组合。
在另一优选例中,所述方法包括步骤(i)和(ii):
(i)在-30℃~30℃下反应后,加酸水(即任意酸的水溶液)淬灭反应,得到第一反应混合物;
(ii)在40℃~回流温度(优选为190℃)下,用所述的第一反应混合物继续反应,得到光学活性的依法韦仑。
在另一优选例中,所述的步骤(i)中,所述的反应时间为1~72小时。
在另一优选例中,所述的步骤(ii)中,所述的反应时间为4~48小时。
在另一优选例中,所述的步骤(ii)中,所述的反应温度为50℃~回流温度。
在另一优选例中,所述的酸水为无机酸或有机酸的水溶液。
在另一优选例中,所述的酸水为1~12mol/L的HCl水溶液。
在另一优选例中,所述的方法还包括:淬灭反应以后,从所得到的反应混合物中回收所述的手性氨基酚配体。
在另一优选例中,所述的回收包括步骤:用盐酸回收手性氨基酚配体;其中,盐酸的浓度为1-12mol/L,优选为4-8mol/L。
在另一优选例中,所述的回收包括步骤:在淬灭反应后得到的反应混合物中加入盐酸,分离含有配体盐酸盐的水相;然后调节水相pH值至弱碱性(优选为pH值为7-12),用有机溶液进行萃取,得到含有配体的有机相。
本发明的第二方面,提供了一种手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的用途,所述的手性氨基酚配体具有以下的结构式:
Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-000002
其中,R1,R2是相同或者不同的基团;R1,R2为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;或者R1,R2为-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-及R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中X为CH2、O或S;n,m为1到5的整数;
所述的取代基R4指H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO;
R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基。
在另一优选例中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
在另一优选例中,所述的依法韦仑不对称合成包含如下步骤:
在有机溶剂中或无溶剂时,所述的手性氨基酚配体、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯、环丙基乙炔、Lewis酸及有机碱在-30℃~30℃下,反应1~72小时,加酸水淬灭反应;
然后将有机相在40℃~回流温度下继续反应4~48小时,得到高对映选择性的依法韦仑;所述的手性氨基酚配体、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯、环丙基乙炔、Lewis酸和有机碱的摩尔比依次为1:(0.5-3):(1-40):(0.5-2):(0.5-10)。
在另一优选例中,所述的有机溶剂是醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、烃类溶剂或上述的混合溶剂。
在另一优选例中,所述的Lewis酸为Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐或Cu(II)盐;优选地,所述的Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐或Cu(II)盐具体为ZnBr2、ZnCl2、ZnF2、Zn(OTs)2、Zn(PhSO3)2、Zn(OAc)2、Zn(C11H23CO2)2、Zn(C17H35CO2)2、Zn(acac)2、ZnSO4、Zn(OH)2、Zn(OTf)2、Zn(ODf)2、Zn(OMs)2、CuBr、CuCl、CuBr2、CuCl2、Cu(OTs)2、Cu(PhSO3)2、Cu(OTf)2、Cu(ODf)2,或Cu(OMs)2
在另一优选例中,所述的有机碱为MeN(i-Pr)2、HNEt2、N(i-Pr)3、吡啶、NEt3、哌啶、EtN(i-Pr)2或N(n-Bu)3
在另一优选例中,所述的酸水为1~12mol/L的HCl水溶液。
在另一优选例中,所述方法还包括步骤:在淬灭反应后,从水溶液中回收所述的手性氨基酚配体。
本发明的第三方面,提供了一种依法韦仑制备体系,所述的制备体系包括:手性氨基酚配体、Lewis酸、有机碱存在下、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯以及环丙基乙炔;
其中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:
Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-000003
其中,R1,R2各自独立地为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;
或者R1,R2共同构成未取代或R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中,X为CH2、O或S;n、m各自独立地为1到5的整数;
R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基;
R4为一个或多个取代基,且各自独立地选自下组:H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO。
在另一优选例中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4- 氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
应理解,在本发明范围内中,本发明的上述各技术特征和在下文(如实施例)中具体描述的各技术特征之间都可以互相组合,从而构成新的或优选的技术方案。限于篇幅,在此不再一一累述。
具体实施方式
本发明摸索出一类手性氨基酚配体,对强酸强碱都很稳定,其制备原料价格低廉,方法简单,并且可以近乎定量的回收配体,回收的配体可以直接使用,手性诱导效果依然优异。
术语
在本申请中,Zn(OTs)2代表对甲苯磺酸锌,Zn(OAc)2代表乙酸锌,Zn(acac)2代表乙酰丙酮锌,Zn(OTf)2代表三氟甲磺酸锌,Zn(ODf)2代表二氟甲磺酸锌,Zn(OMs)2代表甲磺酸锌,Cu(OTs)2代表对甲苯磺酸铜,Cu(OTf)2代表三氟甲磺酸铜,Cu(ODf)2代表二氟甲磺酸铜,Cu(OMs)2代表甲磺酸铜。
手性氨基酚配体
本发明提供了一类能够用于依法韦仑制备手性氨基酚配体,及其类似物。所述的氨基酚及其类似物的结构式如下:
Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-000004
其中,R1,R2是相同或者不同的基团;R1,R2为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;或者R1,R2共同形成-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,或R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中X为CH2、O或S;n,m为1到5的整数;
所述的取代基R4指H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO;
R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基。
上述的R1、R2、R3、Z的典型的例子是:
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)4-,R3为苯基,Z为氢,式I对应化合物1,即1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)4-,R3为苯基,Z为氢,式II对应化合物2,即2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)4-,R3为苯基,Z为氢,式III对应化合物3,即2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为苯基,Z为氢,式I对应化合物4,即1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1为Bn,R2为Bn,R3为对甲苯基,Z为4-硝基,式III对应化合物5,即2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)5-,R3为苯基,Z为4-甲基,式III对应化合物6,即4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为对氯苯基,Z为H,式III对应化合物7,即2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)4-,R3为苯基,Z为2,4-二氯,式III对应化合物8,即2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚;
当R1为Me,R2为1-苯基乙基,R3为苯基,Z为H,式I对应化合物9,即 1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)5-,R3为对溴苯基,Z为H,式I对应化合物10,即1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为对硝基苯基,Z为H,式I对应化合物11,即1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为对三氟甲基苯基,Z为7-甲氧基,式I对应化合物12,即7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)5-,R3为2,4-二甲氧基苯基,Z为5-甲氧基,式II对应化合物13,即2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为2-甲氧基苯基,Z为5-甲氧基,式II对应化合物14,即5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为噻吩-3-基,Z为H,式II对应化合物15,即2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇;
当R1为Me,R2为1-苯乙基,R3为萘-1-基,Z为H,式I对应化合物16,即1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2S(CH2)2-,R3为对甲苯基,Z为H,式I对应化合物17,即1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1为Me,R2为环己基甲基,R3为苯基,Z为H,式I对应化合物18,即1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2N(CH3)(CH2)2-,R3为对三氟甲氧基苯基,Z是4,5位为二酚亚甲基保护,式III对应化合物19,即6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇;
当R1、R2均为Me,R3为苯基,Z为6-苯甲酰基,式I对应化合物20,即(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮;
当R1为Me,R2为Bn,R3为苯并呋喃-3-基,Z为H,式III对应化合物21,即2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)5-,R3为2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基,Z为2-甲氧基,式III对应化合物22,即2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-(CH2)2O(CH2)2-,R3为对苄氧基苯基,Z为4-硝基,式III对应化合物23,即2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚;
当R1、R2共同形成-CH2CH(COOEt)(CH2)3-,R3为7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基,Z为H,式III对应化合物24,即1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯;
当R1、R2均为Me,R3为苯基,Z为4-NH2,式II对应化合物25,即4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
依法韦仑的制备
本发明还提供了一种依法韦仑的制备方法,所述方法包括:采用上述的手性氨基酚作为配体,进行依法韦仑的制备。
优选地,所述的方法包括步骤:
在一定温度下,在有机溶剂中或无溶剂存在下,上述手性氨基酚配体与环丙基乙炔、Lewis酸及有机碱混合;在此混合液中加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯进行反应。所述的反应通式如下:
Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-000005
优选地,上述的反应温度为-30℃~30℃,更优选地为室温。优选的反应时间为1~72小时。
在另一优选例中,所述方法中,Lewis酸选自下组:Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐或Cu(II)盐;优选地选自下组:ZnBr2、ZnCl2、ZnF2、Zn(OTs)2、Zn(PhSO3)2、Zn(OAc)2、Zn(C11H23CO2)2、Zn(C17H35CO2)2、Zn(acac)2、ZnSO4、Zn(OH)2、Zn(OTf)2、Zn(ODf)2、Zn(OMs)2、CuBr、CuCl、CuBr2、CuCl2、Cu(OTs)2、Cu(PhSO3)2、Cu(OTf)2、Cu(ODf)2或Cu(OMs)2;更优选地,所述的Zn(II)盐为Zn(OTs)2
其中,Zn(OTs)2代表对甲苯磺酸锌,Zn(OAc)2代表乙酸锌,Zn(acac)2代表乙酰丙酮锌,Zn(OTf)2代表三氟甲磺酸锌,Zn(ODf)2代表二氟甲磺酸锌,Zn(OMs)2代表甲磺酸锌,Cu(OTs)2代表对甲苯磺酸铜,Cu(OTf)2代表三氟甲磺酸铜,Cu(ODf)2代表二氟甲磺酸铜,Cu(OMs)2代表甲磺酸铜。
所述有机溶剂选自下组:醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、烃类溶剂,或其组合。优选地,所述的有机溶剂选自下组:四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丁酯、乙酸异丙酯、乙醚、甲基叔丁基醚、1,4-二氧六环、正己烷、正庚烷、环己烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、二氯甲烷或者上述溶剂的任意组合溶剂;尤其推荐甲苯或无溶剂;
所述的有机碱优选地选自下组:MeN(i-Pr)2、HNEt2、N(i-Pr)3、吡啶、NEt3、哌啶、EtN(i-Pr)2、N(n-Bu)3,或其组合;更优选地,所述的有机碱为NEt3
各反应物的比例没有特别的限制,可以根据所选择的具体反应物种类进行调节。上述方法中,优选地,各反应物的摩尔比如下:
手性的氨基酚配体:(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯:环丙基乙炔: Lewis酸:有机碱的摩尔比为1:(0.5-3):(1-40):(0.5-2):(0.5-10);尤其推荐1:(0.8-1.5):(5-20):(0.7-1.4):(3-8)。
反应完全后,用盐酸回收手性氨基酚配体。上述方法中,盐酸的浓度优选为1-12mol/L,更优选为4-8mol/L。
在另一优选例中,所述的回收包括步骤:在反应结束后所得的反应混合物中加入酸水(即酸的水溶液,优选为无机酸或有机酸的水溶液),使所述的配体成盐并转入水相,再对水相进行分离,调节pH值至微碱性(≥7,优选pH值为7-9),再用有机溶液进行萃取从而回收所述的配体。
优选地,所述的方法还包括:对回收后剩余的产物混合物再进行加热,环合得到最终产物依法韦仑。其中,所述的环合反应温度优选为40℃到回流温度,更优选地为50℃到回流温度。
在本发明的其他实施例中,在所述的环合步骤前,可以从所述回收后剩余的产物混合物中先分离得到(S)-(4-氯-2-(4-环丙基-1,1,1-三氟-2-羟基丁-3-炔-2-基)苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯,然后用上述纯化的产物进行环合反应。当然,实际生产中,以不分离而直接用剩余的产物混合物进行环合反应为宜。
与现有技术相比,本申请的主要优点包括:
与已有的合成依法韦仑的方法相比,本发明工艺涉及手性氨基酚配体参与的不对称加成。所述的手性氨基酚合成简单,拆分高效,而且配体对酸碱稳定,使用后可以定量的回收,保持原有的手性,直接投入下一批次的合成中,降低生产成本,使经济效益和社会效益最大化,适合大规模工业化生产。
除此之外,相较于现有技术中合成依法韦仑的方法,本发明所采用的配体手性氨基酚来源更为广泛且成本低廉,适合工业化生产。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
实施例1:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
于封管中加入(R)-1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇(23mg,0.75mmol),对甲苯磺酸锌(20mg,0.5mmol),抽换气,加入环丙基乙炔(0.4mL),三乙胺(0.14mL,10mmol),搅拌反应3h,加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯(30mg,0.1 mmol),于室温搅拌反应24h。有机溶剂如乙酸乙酯(EA)转移,6M盐酸洗涤,饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。柱层析得,(S)-(4-氯-2-(4-环丙基-1,1,1-三氟-2-羟基丁-3-炔-2-基)苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯35.5mg,产率96%,ee值81%。(注:此处分离只为数据分析,实际合成时可不进行该步分离)
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3)δ8.54(s,1H),8.05(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.66(s,1H),7.32(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),4.19(q,J=7.1Hz,2H),4.04(s,1H),1.37(td,J=8.2,4.1Hz,1H),1.29(t,J=7.1Hz,3H),0.96–0.86(m,2H),0.82(dd,J=7.3,4.2Hz,2H).
19F NMR(282MHz,CDCl3):δ-80.35;
MS(EI)m/z:361[M]+(33.12).
ee采用HPLC分析方法测定【as determined by HPLC analysis】(手性柱Chiralcel AD-H,淋洗有机溶剂体积比iPrOH/hexane=7/93,流量1mL/min,254nm,tf 5.524(主峰major),6.395(次峰minor).
将上述所得(S)-(4-氯-2-(4-环丙基-1,1,1-三氟-2-羟基丁-3-炔-2-基)苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯,在5mL甲苯中回流反应4小时,得到依法韦仑31.0mg,产率定量,ee值81%。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ8.98(s,1H),7.49(s,1H),7.36(dd,J=8.5,2.2Hz,1H),6.82(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),1.45–1.35(m,1H),0.98–0.81(m,4H).
19F NMR(282MHz,CDCl3):δ-81.35.
MS(EI)m/z:315[M]+(38.38).
ee as determined by HPLC analysis(Chiralcel AD-H,iPrOH/hexane=7/93,1mL/min,254nm),tf 8.2(minor),7.5(major).
实施例2:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
于封管中加入(R)-1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇(68mg,2.25mmol),对甲苯磺酸锌(61mg,1.5mmol),抽换气,加入环丙基乙炔(0.4mL),三乙胺(0.14mL,10mmol),搅拌反应8h,加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯(30mg,0.1mmol),于室温搅拌反应24h。加水淬灭,EA萃取,6M盐酸洗涤,饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩后,加甲苯回流反应4小时,得依法韦仑31.1mg,产率98%,ee值91%。
实施例3:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑 Efavirenz)的不对称合成
于封管中加入(R)-2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇(68mg,2.25mmol),对甲苯磺酸锌(61mg,1.5mmol),抽换气,加入环丙基乙炔(0.4mL),三乙胺(0.14mL,10mmol),移入40℃油浴,搅拌反应3h,加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯(30mg,0.1mmol),于室温搅拌反应24h。加水淬灭,EA萃取,6M盐酸洗涤,饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩后,加甲苯回流反应4小时,得依法韦仑31.5mg,产率94%,ee值95%。
实施例4:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
于封管中加入(R)-2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚(57mg,2.25mmol),对甲苯磺酸锌(61mg,1.5mmol),抽换气,加入环丙基乙炔(0.4mL),三乙胺(0.14mL,10mmol),搅拌反应3h,加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯(30mg,0.1mmol),于室温搅拌反应24h。加水淬灭,EA萃取,6M盐酸洗涤,饱和氯化钠洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥。浓缩后,加甲苯回流反应4小时,得依法韦仑31.4mg,产率89%,ee值95%。
实施例5:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
于50mL蛋形瓶中加入(R)-1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇(3.64g,0.012mol),对甲苯磺酸锌(4.48g,0.011mol),抽换气,加入环丙基乙炔(3.4mL,0.04mol),三乙胺(5.58mL,0.04mol),甲苯(30g),搅拌反应24h,加入(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯(2.96g,0.01mol),于室温搅拌反应48h。用盐酸回收配体后,对甲苯相回流反应,得到依法韦仑,对粗产品重结晶纯化,可以得到目标化合物2.94g,产率93%,ee值99%。
实施例6:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用ZnBr2,碱使用MeN(i-Pr)2,溶剂使用四氢呋喃,产率为85%,ee值为91%。
实施例7:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚,锌盐使用Zn(OTf)2,碱使用吡啶,溶剂使用乙酸乙酯,产率为85%,ee值为89%。
实施例8:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚,锌盐使用Zn(ODf)2,碱使用哌啶,溶剂使用乙醚,产率为79%,ee值为88%。
实施例9:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚,锌盐使用CuBr,碱使用N(n-Bu)3,溶剂使用二氯甲烷,产率为85%,ee值为83%。
实施例10:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚,锌盐使用Cu(PhSO3)2,碱使用NEt3,溶剂使用正己烷,产率为78%,ee值为87%。
实施例11:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用1-((R)-(甲基((R)-1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用ZnCl2,碱使用N(i-Pr)3,溶剂使用乙酸乙酯和正己烷混合溶剂,产率为75%,ee值为79%。
实施例12:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑 Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用ZnBr2,碱使用MeN(i-Pr)2,溶剂使用甲苯,产率为88%,ee值为91%。
实施例13:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用ZnCl2,碱使用N(i-Pr)3,溶剂使用乙酸乙酯,产率为85%,ee值为92%。
实施例14:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用ZnCl2,碱使用HNEt2,溶剂使用正己烷,产率为86%,ee值为79%。
实施例15:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇,锌盐使用Zn(OTs)2,碱使用NEt3,溶剂使用二氯甲烷和正己烷混合溶剂,产率为81%,ee值为85%。
实施例16:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇,锌盐使用Zn(OTs)2,碱使用N(n-Bu)3,溶剂使用甲醇溶剂,产率为92%,ee值为74%。
实施例17:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑 Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇,锌盐使用Zn(PhSO3)2,碱使用哌啶,溶剂使用乙醇,产率为80%,ee值为71%。
实施例18:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用Zn(PhSO3)2,碱使用哌啶,溶剂使用丙酮,产率为81%,ee值为85%。
实施例19:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用Zn(OTf)2,碱使用吡啶,溶剂使用四氢呋喃,产率为79%,ee值为69%。
实施例20:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇,锌盐使用Zn(ODf)2,碱使用吡啶,溶剂使用四氢呋喃,产率为92%,ee值为95%。
实施例21:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇,锌盐使用CuBr,碱使用N(i-Pr)3,溶剂使用甲苯,产率为71%,ee值为74%。
实施例22:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑 Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮,锌盐使用CuBr2,碱使用MeN(i-Pr)2,溶剂使用甲苯和四氢呋喃的混合溶剂,产率为83%,ee值为86%。
实施例23:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚,锌盐使用Cu(OTs)2,碱使用NEt3,溶剂使用甲苯,产率为71%,ee值为69%。
实施例24:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚,锌盐使用Cu(OTs)2,碱使用N(i-Pr)3,溶剂使用无溶剂,产率为80%,ee值为75%。
实施例25:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚,锌盐使用Cu(PhSO3)2,碱使用吡啶,溶剂使用无溶剂,产率为81%,ee值为88%。
实施例26:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯,锌盐使用Cu(OTf)2,碱使用EtN(i-Pr)2,溶剂使用甲苯,产率为75%,ee值为77%。
实施例27:
(S)-6-氯-4-环丙乙炔基-4-三氟甲基-1,4-二氢-2H-1,3-苯并恶嗪-2-酮(依法韦仑 Efavirenz)的不对称合成
参照实施例5的方法,氨基酚配体使用(R)-4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇,锌盐使用Cu(OTf)2,碱使用HNEt2,溶剂使用四氢呋喃,产率为81%,ee值为70%。
实施例28:
配体(R)-1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2–醇的回收
参照实施例5的方法,反应完成后,加入50mL 6M的盐酸水溶液,将配体成盐后转入水相。将水相分离,随后用101mL 3M的氢氧化钠水溶液将水相pH值调为微碱性后,乙酸乙酯萃取,无水硫酸钠干燥。减压浓缩后,得回收的配体3.62g,回收率99.4%。
在本发明提及的所有文献都在本申请中引用作为参考,就如同每一篇文献被单独引用作为参考那样。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明的上述讲授内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种依法韦仑不对称合成方法,其特征在于,包括:
    在手性氨基酚配体、Lewis酸及有机碱存在下、用(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯与环丙基乙炔反应,得到光学活性的依法韦仑;
    其中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:
    Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-100001
    其中,R1,R2各自独立地为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;
    或者R1,R2共同构成未取代或R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中,X为CH2、O或S;n、m各自独立地为1到5的整数;
    R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
    所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
    Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基;
    R4为一个或多个取代基,且各自独立地选自下组:H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并 [d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的反应在有机溶剂或无溶剂存在下进行;优选地,所述的有机溶剂选自下组:醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、烃类溶剂,或其组合。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的Lewis酸选自下组:Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐、Cu(II)盐,或其组合;优选地,所述的Lewis酸选自下组:ZnBr2、ZnCl2、ZnF2、Zn(OTs)2、Zn(PhSO3)2、Zn(OAc)2、Zn(C11H23CO2)2、Zn(C17H35CO2)2、Zn(acac)2、ZnSO4、Zn(OH)2、Zn(OTf)2、Zn(ODf)2、Zn(OMs)2、CuBr、CuCl、CuBr2、CuCl2、Cu(OTs)2、Cu(PhSO3)2、Cu(OTf)2、Cu(ODf)2、Cu(OMs)2,或其组合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的有机碱选自下组:MeN(i-Pr)2、HNEt2、N(i-Pr)3、吡啶、NEt3、哌啶、EtN(i-Pr)2、N(n-Bu)3,或其组合。
  6. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤(i)和(ii):
    (i)在-30℃~30℃下反应后,加酸水(即任意酸的水溶液)淬灭反应,得到第一反应混合物;
    (ii)在40℃~回流温度(优选为190℃)下,用所述的第一反应混合物继续反应,得到光学活性的依法韦仑。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的酸水为1~12mol/L的HCl水溶液。
  8. 如权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述的方法还包括:淬灭反应以后,从所得到的反应混合物中回收所述的手性氨基酚配体。
  9. 一种手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的用途,其特征在于,所述的手性氨基酚配体具有以下的结构式:
    Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-100002
    其中,R1,R2是相同或者不同的基团;R1,R2为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;或者R1,R2为-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-及R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中X为CH2、O或S;n,m为1到5的整数;
    所述的取代基R4指H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙 基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO;
    R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
    所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
    Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
  11. 如权利要求9所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的依法韦仑不对称合成包含如下步骤:
    在有机溶剂中或无溶剂时,所述的手性氨基酚配体、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯、环丙基乙炔、Lewis酸及有机碱在-30℃~30℃下,反应1~72小时,加酸水淬灭反应;
    然后将有机相在40℃~回流温度下继续反应4~48小时,得到高对映选择性的依法韦仑;所述的手性氨基酚配体、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯、环丙基乙炔、Lewis酸和有机碱的摩尔比依次为1:(0.5-3):(1-40):(0.5-2):(0.5-10)。
  12. 如权利要求11所述的用途,其特征是所述的有机溶剂是醇类溶剂、酮类溶剂、酯类溶剂、醚类溶剂、烃类溶剂或上述的混合溶剂。
  13. 如权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的Lewis酸为Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐或Cu(II)盐;优选地,所述的Zn(II)盐、Cu(I)盐或Cu(II)盐具体为ZnBr2、ZnCl2、ZnF2、Zn(OTs)2、Zn(PhSO3)2、Zn(OAc)2、Zn(C11H23CO2)2、Zn(C17H35CO2)2、Zn(acac)2、ZnSO4、Zn(OH)2、Zn(OTf)2、Zn(ODf)2、Zn(OMs)2、CuBr、CuCl、CuBr2、CuCl2、Cu(OTs)2、Cu(PhSO3)2、Cu(OTf)2、Cu(ODf)2,或Cu(OMs)2
  14. 如权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的有机碱为MeN(i-Pr)2、HNEt2、N(i-Pr)3、吡啶、NEt3、哌啶、EtN(i-Pr)2或N(n-Bu)3
  15. 如权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的酸水为1~12mol/L的HCl水溶液。
  16. 如权利要求11所述的用途,其特征在于,所述方法还包括步骤:在淬灭反应后,从水溶液中回收所述的手性氨基酚配体。
  17. 一种依法韦仑制备体系,其特征在于,所述的制备体系包括:手性氨基酚配体、Lewis酸、有机碱、(4-氯-2-三氟乙酰基苯基)氨基甲酸乙酯、以及环丙基乙炔;
    其中,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:
    Figure PCTCN2015081701-appb-100003
    其中,R1,R2各自独立地为R4取代的C1-C15烷基、R4取代的苄基、R4取代的1-苯基C2-C15烷基;
    或者R1,R2共同构成未取代或R4取代的-(CH2)nX(CH2)m-,其中,X为CH2、O或S;n、m各自独立地为1到5的整数;
    R3为苯基、萘基、杂芳基、苯并杂芳基、R4取代的苯基、R4取代的萘基、R4取代的杂芳基、苯并杂芳基;所述R4的定义如前所示;
    所述的杂芳基指五元或六元含N、O或S杂原子的环状芳香化合物;
    Z为氢、单取代或多取代的吸电子或给电子基团;所述吸电子基团是F、Cl、Br、NO2、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O、CH2FO、PhC(O)或Ac;所述给电子基团是C1-C5烷氧基、NH2或C1-C6烷基;
    R4为一个或多个取代基,且各自独立地选自下组:H、F、Cl、Br、CH3、CH3CH2、i-Pr、i-Bu、t-Bu、环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、CH3O、CH3CH2O、i-PrO、t-BuO、BnO、NO2、CO2Et、CN、CF3、CHF2、CH2F、CF3O、CHF2O或CH2FO。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的制备体系,其特征在于,所述的手性氨基酚配体选自下组:1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-(吗啉代(苯 基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((苄基(甲基)氨基)(对甲苯基)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、4-甲基-2-(苯基(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-((4-氯苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)苯酚、2,4-二氯-6-(苯基(吡咯烷-1-基)甲基)苯酚、1-((甲基(1-苯基乙基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-((4-溴苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(吗啉代(4-硝基苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、7-甲氧基-1-(吗啉代(4-(三氟甲基)苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、2-((2,4-二甲氧基苯基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)-5-甲氧基萘-1-醇、5-甲氧基-2-((2-甲氧基苯基)(吗啉基)甲基)萘-1-醇、2-(吗啉代基(噻吩-3-基)甲基)萘-1-醇、1-((甲基(1-苯乙基)氨基)(萘-1-基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(硫代吗啉代(对-甲苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、1-(((环己基甲基)(甲基)氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-2-醇、6-((4-甲基哌嗪-1-基)(4-(三氟甲氧基)苯基)甲基)苯并[d][1,3]二氧杂环戊烯-5-醇、(5-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)-6-羟基萘-2-基)(苯基)甲酮、2-(苯并呋喃-3-基(苄基(甲基)氨基)甲基)苯酚、2-甲氧基-6-((2-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)(哌啶-1-基)甲基)苯酚、2-(((苄氧基)苯基)(吗啉代)甲基)-4-硝基苯酚、1-((2-羟基苯基)(7-甲基-1H-吲哚-3-基)甲基)哌啶-3-甲酸乙酯、4-氨基-2-((二甲基氨基)(苯基)甲基)萘-1-醇。
PCT/CN2015/081701 2014-06-18 2015-06-17 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用 WO2015192774A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201410273032.9 2014-06-18
CN201410273032.9A CN104016936B (zh) 2014-06-18 2014-06-18 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2015192774A1 true WO2015192774A1 (zh) 2015-12-23

Family

ID=51433988

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2015/081701 WO2015192774A1 (zh) 2014-06-18 2015-06-17 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN104016936B (zh)
WO (1) WO2015192774A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104016936B (zh) * 2014-06-18 2016-08-17 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用
NL2018412B1 (en) * 2017-02-23 2018-09-17 Univ Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Method for the manufacture of efavirenz

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1245493A (zh) * 1996-12-16 2000-02-23 杜邦药品公司 苯并噁嗪酮类化合物的不对称合成
CN102584801A (zh) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-18 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 Hiv逆转录酶抑制剂依法韦伦类化合物的一锅法不对称合成工艺
CN104016936A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-03 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5633405A (en) * 1995-05-25 1997-05-27 Merck & Co., Inc. Asymmetric synthesis of (-)-6-chloro-4-cyclopropyl-ethynyl-4-trifluoromethyl-1,4-dihydro-2H-3,1-benzoxanzin-2-one
AU5521498A (en) * 1996-12-16 1998-07-15 Du Pont Pharmaceuticals Company An improved synthesis of cyclopropylacetylene

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1245493A (zh) * 1996-12-16 2000-02-23 杜邦药品公司 苯并噁嗪酮类化合物的不对称合成
CN102584801A (zh) * 2011-01-06 2012-07-18 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 Hiv逆转录酶抑制剂依法韦伦类化合物的一锅法不对称合成工艺
CN104016936A (zh) * 2014-06-18 2014-09-03 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
LIU, FENGLIANG ET AL.: "Recent Progress of Chiral Aminophenol Ligands and Their Derivatives in Asymmetric Catalysis", ORGANIC CHEMISTRY, vol. 25, no. 09, 31 December 2005 (2005-12-31), pages 1015 - 1020 *
YANG, XIAOFENG ET AL.: "Enantioselective addition of phenyl acetylene to aldehydes catalyzed by 1,3-aminophenol ligand", TETRAHEDRON : ASYMMETRY, vol. 18, no. 22, 31 December 2007 (2007-12-31), pages 2668 - 2673, XP022368373, ISSN: 0957-4166 *
ZHAN GUANGWU ET AL.: "Catalytic Enantioselective Alkynylation of Trifluoromethyl Ketones: Pronounced Metal Fluoride Effects and Implications of Zinc-to-Titanium Transmetallation", ANGEW. CHEM. INT. ED., vol. 50, 10 March 2011 (2011-03-10), pages 3538 - 3542, XP055247155 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN104016936B (zh) 2016-08-17
CN104016936A (zh) 2014-09-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU2012302599B2 (en) Process for producing N-(hetero)arylazoles
NZ256620A (en) Pyrazole derivatives; compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing them; intermediate compounds
CN111171037B (zh) 手性螺3,2’-吡咯烷氧化吲哚骨架化合物、制备方法及用途、中间体及制备方法
TW201139400A (en) Process for the synthesis of ketobenzofuran derivatives
CN106458943B (zh) 通过(2,4-二甲基苯基)(2-碘苯基)硫烷中间体合成沃替西汀
Xie et al. Copper-Catalyzed Alkynylation/Cyclization/Isomerization Cascade for Synthesis of 1, 2-Dihydrobenzofuro [3, 2-b] pyridines and Benzofuro [3, 2-b] pyridines
Mashayekhi et al. Synthesis, antimycobacterial and anticancer activity of novel indole-based thiosemicarbazones
JPH06506921A (ja) 置換α−アミノアルデヒドおよび誘導体
WO2016095581A1 (zh) 一种新型烟酰胺磷酸核糖转移酶抑制剂及其合成方法与应用
WO2021175079A1 (zh) 对苯二胺类lsd1抑制剂及其制备方法
CN109485638B (zh) 一种奥希替尼中间体的制备方法
WO2015192774A1 (zh) 手性氨基酚配体在依法韦仑不对称合成中的应用
Sheng et al. Rhodium-catalyzed reactions of 3-diazoindolin-2-imines with enamines and their extensions towards 5H-pyrazino [2, 3-b] indoles
CN108947877B (zh) 一种手性β-羟基砜及其制备方法
CN105622546B (zh) 沃替西汀的一种制备方法
CN105924431B (zh) 化合物克唑替尼的合成工艺
Rossi et al. Design, synthesis and SAR analysis of novel selective σ1 ligands (Part 2)
EP3141543B1 (en) Vortioxetine intermediate and synthesis process thereof
CN105820174A (zh) 一种多取代噻吩并吲哚衍生物的制备方法
JP2004537405A (ja) パラジウム触媒
JPH11335385A (ja) 遷移金属錯体および該錯体を用いた光学活性アルコールの製造方法
CN112174901A (zh) 1,3-苯二氮卓类化合物的合成方法及抗癌活性
JP2018517706A (ja) ベンゾ[h]キノリン配位子及びそれらの錯体
CN115928114B (zh) 一种芳烃并吡唑类化合物的合成方法
Matsuoka et al. Phosphazene base-catalyzed hydroamination of aminoalkenes for the construction of isoindoline scaffolds: Application to the total synthesis of aristocularine

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 15810484

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 15810484

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1