WO2015192488A1 - 像素电路和显示装置 - Google Patents

像素电路和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015192488A1
WO2015192488A1 PCT/CN2014/086048 CN2014086048W WO2015192488A1 WO 2015192488 A1 WO2015192488 A1 WO 2015192488A1 CN 2014086048 W CN2014086048 W CN 2014086048W WO 2015192488 A1 WO2015192488 A1 WO 2015192488A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
pixel circuit
switching unit
signal line
control
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PCT/CN2014/086048
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨盛际
董学
王海生
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to US14/443,534 priority Critical patent/US20160300531A1/en
Priority to EP14861118.9A priority patent/EP3159878B1/en
Publication of WO2015192488A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015192488A1/zh

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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
    • G09G2300/0426—Layout of electrodes and connections
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
    • G09G2300/043—Compensation electrodes or other additional electrodes in matrix displays related to distortions or compensation signals, e.g. for modifying TFT threshold voltage in column driver
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0443—Pixel structures with several sub-pixels for the same colour in a pixel, not specifically used to display gradations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0465—Improved aperture ratio, e.g. by size reduction of the pixel circuit, e.g. for improving the pixel density or the maximum displayable luminance or brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0819—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels used for counteracting undesired variations, e.g. feedback or autozeroing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G09G2300/0861—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor with additional control of the display period without amending the charge stored in a pixel memory, e.g. by means of additional select electrodes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/02—Improving the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/0233—Improving the luminance or brightness uniformity across the screen
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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    • G09G2320/04—Maintaining the quality of display appearance
    • G09G2320/043—Preventing or counteracting the effects of ageing
    • G09G2320/045—Compensation of drifts in the characteristics of light emitting or modulating elements

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a pixel circuit and a display device. Background technique
  • OLEDs Organic light-emitting displays
  • LCDs liquid crystal displays
  • PDAs PDAs
  • digital cameras Pixel driver circuit design is the core technology content of OLED display, which has important research significance.
  • OLEDs are current-driven and require a constant current to control illumination.
  • the threshold voltage of the driving TFT of each pixel has unevenness, which leads to the flow
  • the current of each pixel point OLED changes so that the display brightness is uneven, thereby affecting the display effect of the entire image.
  • a pixel circuit generally corresponds to one pixel, and each pixel circuit includes at least one data voltage line, one working voltage line, and a plurality of scanning signal lines, which causes the corresponding manufacturing process to be complicated and is not conducive to Reduce the pixel pitch.
  • the present disclosure can solve the problem of display brightness unevenness of the display device, and can reduce the number of signal lines for the pixel circuit in the display device, reduce the cost of the integrated circuit, and at the same time increase the pixel density of the display device.
  • a pixel circuit including two sub-pixel circuits; each of the sub-pixel circuits includes: a first switching unit, a second switching unit, a third switching unit, a fourth switching unit, and a fifth switch a unit, a driving unit, an energy storage unit and an electroluminescent unit; and, the first end of the first switching unit is connected to the working voltage line, and the second end of the first switching unit is connected to the input end of the driving unit, for the first switch
  • the operating voltage is supplied to the driving unit under the control of the scanning signal line connected to the control end of the unit; the first end of the second switching unit is connected to the output of the driving unit a second end of the second switching unit is connected to the electroluminescent element, and is configured to introduce a driving current provided by the driving unit to the control under the control of a scanning signal line connected to a control end of the second switching unit An electroluminescent element; a first end of the third switching unit is connected to the data voltage line, and a second end
  • each of the switching units and each of the driving units are thin film field effect transistors, and the control terminals of the respective switching units are gates of the thin film field effect transistors, and the first ends of the respective switching units are the sources of the thin film field effect transistors.
  • the second end of each switching unit is a drain of a thin film field effect transistor;
  • the control end of each driving unit is a gate of a thin film field effect transistor, and the input end of each driving unit is a source of a thin film field effect transistor, and each driving unit The output is the drain of the thin film field effect transistor.
  • each of the thin film field effect transistors is of a P-channel type.
  • the energy storage unit is a capacitor.
  • the electroluminescent unit is an organic light emitting diode.
  • the present disclosure also provides a display device comprising the pixel circuit of any of the above.
  • two sub-pixel circuits are respectively located within two adjacent pixels.
  • the two adjacent pixels are respectively located on both sides of the data voltage line. In some embodiments, the two adjacent pixels are on the same side of the data voltage line.
  • the operating current flowing through the electroluminescent unit is not affected by the corresponding driving The influence of the threshold voltage of the transistor completely solves the problem of uneven display brightness due to the wide voltage drift of the driving transistor.
  • a compensation circuit is used to complete the driving of two pixels, and two adjacent pixels share a plurality of signal lines, which can reduce the number of signal lines for the pixel circuit in the display device, reduce the cost of the integrated circuit, and reduce Pixel spacing to increase pixel density.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of key signals in a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3( a ) - 3 ( d ) are schematic diagrams showing current flow directions and voltage values of pixel circuits at different timings in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship between a pixel circuit and a pixel in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a positional relationship between a pixel circuit and a pixel in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. detailed description
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a pixel circuit, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3( a ) - FIG. 3 ( d ), including: two sub-pixel circuits P1 and P2 having the same structure, each of the sub-pixel circuits here. Corresponds to one pixel. Since the structures of P1 and P2 are the same, the following two sub-pixel circuits will be described below only in connection with the structure of P1.
  • P1 includes: five switching units ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 5, one driving unit DT, one energy storage unit C, and one electroluminescent unit L (for convenience of distinction, in Fig. 1 or Fig. 3, P2
  • the five switch units are denoted as ⁇ , T2, ⁇ 3, ⁇ 4, ⁇ 5, the drive unit is denoted as DT, the energy storage unit is C, the organic light emitting diode is L, the same applies hereinafter.
  • control terminals of T1 and T2 are both connected to the third scan signal line Scan[3]; the first end of T1 is connected to the working voltage line Vdd, and the second end of T1 is connected to the input end of the DT for use at T1
  • the control signal connected to the control terminal is supplied with an operating voltage to the driving unit DT; the first end of T2 is connected to the output end of the DT, and the second end of T2 is connected to L for the control end of the T2.
  • the driving current supplied from the driving unit DT is controlled to the electroluminescent element L under the control of the line; the first end of T3 is connected to the data voltage line Vdata, and the second end of T3 is connected to the input end of the DT for the T3
  • the input end of the driving unit is connected to the data voltage line Vdata under the control of the scanning signal line connected to the control terminal;
  • the first end of the T4 is connected to the output end of the DT, and the second end is connected to the first end of the C end and
  • the control end of the DT (for C, the first end is a2, the second end is b2), and is used to control the output end of the driving unit DT and the driving unit DT under the control of the scanning signal line connected to the control end of the T4
  • the control terminal is turned on and charges the output terminal of the driving unit DT to the first end of the energy storage unit C;
  • the first end of T5 is connected to the al end of C, and the second end is connected to the second end
  • the two switching units whose control terminals are connected to the same scanning signal line should be the same channel type switch, that is, the same It is either high-level on or low-level on, thus ensuring that the two switch units connected to the same scan signal line are turned on or off in the same state.
  • the operating current flowing through the electroluminescent unit is not affected by the threshold voltage of the corresponding driving transistor, and the problem of uneven display brightness due to the wide voltage drift of the driving transistor is completely solved.
  • a compensation circuit is used to complete driving of two pixels, and two adjacent pixels share a plurality of signal lines, which can reduce the number of signal lines used in the pixel circuit in the display device and reduce the cost of the integrated circuit. And reduce the pixel pitch to increase the pixel density.
  • each of the switching units and each of the driving units are thin film field effect transistors, and the control terminals of the respective switching units are gates of the thin film field effect transistors, and the first ends of the respective switching units are the sources of the thin film field effect transistors.
  • the second end of each switching unit is a drain of a thin film field effect transistor;
  • the control end of each driving unit is a gate of a thin film field effect transistor, and the input end of each driving unit is a source of a thin film field effect transistor, and each driving unit The output is the drain of the thin film field effect transistor.
  • the transistor corresponding to the driving unit and the switching unit herein may be a transistor whose source and drain are interchangeable, or the first end of each switching unit and the driving unit may be the drain of the transistor according to the type of conduction, The second end is the source of the transistor, and those skilled in the art can obtain the reverse connection of the source and the drain of each transistor in the pixel circuit provided by the present disclosure without any creative labor, and can obtain the information provided by the present disclosure.
  • the circuit structures of the same or similar technical effects that can be achieved by the technical solutions should also fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
  • all of the thin film field effect transistors are of a P-channel type. Using the same type of transistor, the process can be unified to improve the yield of the product. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that, in practical applications, the types of the transistors may not be exactly the same, for example, T1 may be an N-channel transistor, and T2 may be a P-channel transistor, as long as the control terminal can be connected.
  • the technical solutions provided by the present application are the same as the on/off state of the two switching units of the same scanning signal line.
  • the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the disclosure.
  • the energy storage unit C is a capacitor.
  • other components with energy storage functions can be used according to design requirements.
  • the electroluminescent unit L can be an organic light emitting diode (OLED).
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • other components having electroluminescence function can also be used according to design requirements.
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of the scan signal input to each scanning signal line when the pixel circuit provided by the present disclosure is operated.
  • the figure can be divided into four stages, which are represented in FIG. 2 as a reset stage W1, a first charging stage W2, a second charging stage W3, and an illuminating stage W4, respectively.
  • the current flow and voltage values of the pixel circuit are shown in Figure 3 (a), Figure 3 (b), Figure 3 (c), and Figure 3 (d), respectively.
  • the respective switching units and driving units are P-channel type TFTs, and the second ends bl and b2 of the two capacitors are grounded for further explanation.
  • the present disclosure also provides a display device comprising the pixel circuit of any of the above.
  • the display device can be: electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, navigator, etc. Any product or component with display function.
  • two sub-pixel circuits of the pixel circuit are respectively located in two adjacent pixels. This enables the distribution of components on the corresponding substrate to be more uniform.
  • the two adjacent pixels are located on the same side of their data voltage lines, and FIG. 4 shows two adjacent pixels corresponding to one of the pixel circuits PU on their corresponding data voltage lines Vd ⁇ side.
  • the two adjacent pixels are respectively located on both sides of their data voltage lines, and FIG. 5 shows the case where two adjacent pixels corresponding to one pixel circuit PU are on opposite sides of their corresponding data voltage lines.

Abstract

一种像素电路，该像素电路包括两个结构相同的子像素电路（P1，P2）；每个子像素（P1，P2）电路包括五个开关单元（T1、T2、T3、T4、T5）、一个驱动单元（DT）、一个储能单元（C）和一个电致发光元件（L）；两个子像素电路（P1，P2）接入相同的工作电压线（Vdd）、数据电压线（Vdata）、第一扫描信号线（Scan[1]）、第三扫描信号线（Scan[3]）；接入不同的第二扫描信号线（Scan[2]）；使得在该像素电路中，流经电致发光元件（L）的工作电流不受对应的驱动晶体管的阈值电压的影响，解决了由于驱动晶体管阈值电压漂移导致显示亮度不均的问题；而且使用一个补偿电路来完成两个像素（P1，P2）的驱动，相邻两个像素（P1，P2）共用多条信号线路，使得显示装置中用于像素电路的信号线路数目减少，像素间距缩减并提高了像素密度。还提供了一种利用该像素电路的显示装置。

Description

像素电路和显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及一种像素电路和显示装置。 背景技术
有机发光显示器（OLED )是当今平板显示器研究领域的热点之一， 与 液晶显示器相比， OLED具有低能耗、 生产成本低、 自发光、 宽视角及响应 速度快等优点。 目前， 在手机、 PDA、 数码相机等显示领域 OLED已经开始 取代传统的液晶显示屏（LCD )。 像素驱动电路设计是 OLED显示器核心技 术内容， 具有重要的研究意义。
与 TFT(薄膜场效应晶体管）-LCD利用稳定的电压控制亮度不同， OLED 属于电流驱动， 需要稳定的电流来控制发光。
由于工艺制程和器件老化等原因， 在原始的 2T1C驱动电路（包括两个 薄膜场效应晶体管和一个电容）中， 各像素点的驱动 TFT的阔值电压存在不 均匀性， 这样就导致了流过每个像素点 OLED的电流发生变化使得显示亮度 不均， 从而影响整个图像的显示效果。
现有技术中， 一个像素电路一般对应于一个像素， 每个像素电路都至少 包含一条数据电压线、 一条工作电压线和多条扫描信号线， 这样就导致相应 的制作工艺较为复杂， 并且不利于缩小像素间距。 发明内容
本公开能够解决显示装置显示亮度不均的问题， 并能够缩减显示装置中 用于像素电路的信号线路数目， 降低集成电路成本， 同时提高显示装置的像 素密度。
按照本公开的一个方面， 提供了一种像素电路， 包括两个子像素电路； 每一个子像素电路包括： 第一开关单元、 第二开关单元、 第三开关单元、 第 四开关单元、 第五开关单元、 驱动单元、 储能单元和电致发光单元； 并且， 第一开关单元的第一端连接工作电压线， 第一开关单元的第二端连接驱动单 元的输入端， 用于在第一开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下向 所述驱动单元提供工作电压； 第二开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出 端， 第二开关单元的第二端与电致发光元件相连， 用于在第二开关单元的控 制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述驱动单元提供的驱动电流导入到所 述电致发光元件； 第三开关单元的第一端连接到数据电压线， 第三开关单元 的第二端连接到驱动单元的输入端， 用于在第三开关单元的控制端所接入的 扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元的输入端连接到数据电压线； 第四开关单元 的第一端连接驱动单元的输出端， 第四开关单元的第二端连接储能单元的第 一端以及驱动单元的控制端， 用于在第四开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信 号线的控制下将驱动单元的输出端与驱动单元的控制端导通并使驱动单元的 输出端的电压向所述储能单元的第一端充电； 第五开关单元的第一端连接到 储能单元的第一端， 第五开关单元的第二端接地， 用于在第五开关单元的控 制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元的第一端的电压置零； 且 两个子像素电路中， 第三开关单元的第一端连接到同一数据电压线， 第一开 关单元和第二开关单元的控制端均接入第三扫描信号线， 第五开关单元的控 制端均接入第四扫描信号线； 第一子像素电路的第三开关单元和第四开关单 元的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线； 第二子像素电路的第三开关单元和第四 开关单元的控制端均接入第二扫描信号线。
在一些实施例中， 各个开关单元和各个驱动单元为薄膜场效应晶体管， 各个开关单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极， 各个开关单元的第一端 为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个开关单元的第二端为薄膜场效应晶体管的 漏极； 各个驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极， 各个驱动单元的 输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个驱动单元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶 体管的漏极。
在一些实施例中， 各个薄膜场效应晶体管均为 P沟道型。
在一些实施例中， 所述储能单元为电容。
在一些实施例中， 所述电致发光单元为有机发光二极管。
本公开还提供了一种显示装置， 其特征在于， 包括上述任一项所述的像 素电路。
在一些实施例中， 两个子像素电路分别位于两个相邻像素内。
在一些实施例中， 所述两个相邻像素分别位于所述数据电压线的两侧。 在一些实施例中， 所述两个相邻像素位于所述数据电压线的同一侧。 本公开提供的像素电路中， 流经电致发光单元的工作电流不受对应的驱 动晶体管的阔值电压的影响， 彻底解决了由于驱动晶体管的阔值电压漂移导 致显示亮度不均的问题。 同时本公开中， 使用一个补偿电路来完成两个像素 的驱动， 相邻的两个像素共用多条信号线路， 能够缩减显示装置中用于像素 电路的信号线路数目， 降低集成电路成本， 并缩减像素间距，提高像素密度。 附图说明
图 1为本公开实施例提供的像素电路的结构示意图；
图 2为本公开实施例提供的像素电路中关键信号的时序图；
图 3 ( a ) -图 3 ( d ) 为本公开实施例中的像素电路在不同时序下的电流 流向和电压值的示意图；
图 4为本公开实施例提供的显示装置中像素电路与像素的一种位置关系 的示意图；
图 5为本公开实施例提供的显示装置中像素电路与像素的一种位置关系 的示意图。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例， 对本公开的示例性实施方式作进一步描述。 以 下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本公开的技术方案， 而不能以此来限制本公 开的保护范围。
本公开实施例提供了一种像素电路， 如图 1或图 3 ( a ) -图 3 ( d )所示， 包括： 两个结构相同的子像素电路 P1和 P2， 这里的每一个子像素电路对应 于一个像素。 由于 P1和 P2的结构相同， 以下仅结合 P1的结构对两个子像 素电路进行说明。
这里的 P1 包括： 五个开关单元 Τ1、 Τ2、 Τ3、 Τ4、 Τ5， 一个驱动单元 DT, 一个储能单元 C， 一个电致发光单元 L (为了方便区分， 在图 1或图 3 中， P2 中的五个开关单元分别表示为 ΤΓ、 T2，、 Τ3，、 Τ4，、 Τ5，， 驱动单 元表示为 DT，， 储能单元为 C， 有机发光二极管为 L，， 下同）。 并且， T1 的和 T2的控制端均连接到第三扫描信号线 Scan[3]; T1的第一端连接到工作 电压线 Vdd， T1的第二端连接到 DT的输入端，用于在 T1的控制端所接入 的扫描信号线的控制下向驱动单元 DT提供工作电压； T2 的第一端连接到 DT的输出端， T2的第二端与 L相连， 用于在 T2的控制端所接入的扫描信 号线的控制下将驱动单元 DT提供的驱动电流导入到电致发光元件 L; T3的 第一端连接到数据电压线 Vdata， T3的第二端连接到 DT的输入端， 用于在 T3 的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元的输入端连接到数据 电压线 Vdata; T4的第一端连接到 DT的输出端， 第二端连接到 C的第一端 al端以及 DT的控制端 （对于 C， 其第一端为 a2， 第二端为 b2 )， 用于在 T4的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元 DT的输出端与驱动单 元 DT的控制端导通并使驱动单元 DT的输出端的电压向储能单元 C的第一 端充电； T5的第一端连接到 C的 al端， 第二端连接到 C的第二端 bl端， 用于在 T5的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将储能单元 C的第一端的 电压置零； 且两个子像素电路中， T3和 T3， 的第一端连接到同一数据电压 线 Vdata， 第一开关单元和第二开关单元的控制端均接入第三扫描信号线 Scan[3] , 第五开关单元的控制端均接入第四扫描信号线 Em; 第一子像素电 路的第三开关单元和第四开关单元的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线 Scan[l]; 第二子像素电路的第三开关单元和第四开关单元的控制端均接入第二扫描信 号线 Scan[2]。
可以理解的是，控制端连接到同一扫描信号线的两个开关单元（比如 T1 与 ΤΓ， T3与 T4， T3' 与 Τ4'， Τ5与 T5' )应为同一沟道类型的开关， 即 同为高电平导通或者同为低电平导通， 从而保证连接到同一扫描信号线的两 个开关单元的导通或关断状态相同。
本公开实施例提供的像素电路中， 流经电致发光单元的工作电流不受对 应的驱动晶体管的阔值电压的影响， 彻底解决了由于驱动晶体管的阔值电压 漂移导致显示亮度不均的问题。 同时本公开实施例中， 使用一个补偿电路来 完成两个像素的驱动， 相邻的两个像素共用多条信号线路， 能够缩减显示装 置中用于像素电路的信号线路数目， 降低集成电路成本， 并缩减像素间距， 提高像素密度。
在一些实施例中， 各个开关单元和各个驱动单元为薄膜场效应晶体管， 各个开关单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极， 各个开关单元的第一端 为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个开关单元的第二端为薄膜场效应晶体管的 漏极； 各个驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极， 各个驱动单元的 输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个驱动单元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶 体管的漏极。 不难理解， 这里的驱动单元和开关单元对应的晶体管可以为源漏极可以 互换的晶体管， 或者根据导通类型的不同， 各个开关单元和驱动单元的第一 端可能为晶体管的漏极、 第二端为晶体管的源极， 本领域技术人员在不付出 创造性的劳动的前提下， 对本公开提供的像素电路中各个晶体管进行源漏极 的反接所得到的、 能够取得与本公开提供的技术方案所能达到的技术效果相 同或相似的电路结构同样应落入本公开的保护范围。
进一步的，本公开实施例中，所有各个薄膜场效应晶体管均为 P沟道型。 使用同一类型的晶体管，能够实现工艺流程的统一，从而提高产品的良品率。 本领域技术人员可以理解的是， 在实际应用中， 各个晶体管的类型也可以不 完全相同， 比如 T1可以为 N沟道型晶体管， 而 T2可以为 P沟道型晶体管， 只要能够使控制端连接到同一扫描信号线的两个开关单元的导通 /关断状态 相同， 即可实现本申请提供的技术方案， 本公开示例性实施方式不应理解为 对本公开保护范围的限定。
在一些实施例中， 所述储能单元 C为电容。 当然实际应用中， 根据设计 需要也可以釆用其他具有储能功能的元件。
在一些实施例中，所述电致发光单元 L可以为有机发光二极管（ OLED )。 当然实际应用中， 根据设计需要也可以釆用其他具有电致发光功能的元件。
下面结合图 2和图 3对本公开示例性实施例提供的像素电路的工作原理 进行详细说明， 如图 2所示为本公开提供的像素电路工作时输入到各个扫描 信号线中的扫描信号的时序图， 可分为四个阶段， 在图 2中分别表示为重置 阶段 Wl、 第一充电阶段 W2、 第二充电阶段 W3以及发光阶段 W4。 在各个 阶段， 像素电路的电流流向和电压值分别如图 3 ( a )、 图 3 ( b )、 图 3 ( c )、 图 3 ( d )所示。 为了方便说明， 以各个开关单元和驱动单元为 P沟道型 TFT， 两个电容的第二端 bl和 b2接地进行进一步的阐述。
在重置阶段 Wl， 如图 2所示， 扫描信号线中， 仅 Em为低电平， 其他 扫描信号线为高电平， 此时仅 T5和 T5， 导通， 其他 TFT关断， 如图 3 ( a ) 所示， 此时电容 C和 C 的两端均接地， al、 a2、 bl、 b2点的电势均为零。
在第一充电阶段 W2，如图 2所示，扫描信号线中，仅 Scan[l]为低电平， 其他扫描信号线为高电平， 数据电压 ¥^=¼， VI为有机发光二极管 L所对 应的电压， 此时仅 T3、 T4、 DT导通， 其他开关 TFT关断， 电流沿图 3 ( b ) 中的 Lb向 P1中的储能单元 C充电， 充电结束后， al点的电势为 ¼ - νΛ1 (满足 DT栅源两极之间的压差为 νω, 其中 νΛ1为 DT的阔值电压；)。
在第二充电阶段 W3，如图 2所示，扫描信号线中，仅 Scan[2]为低电平， 其他扫描信号线为高电平， 数据电压 ν^=ν2， V2为有机发光二极管 L， 所 对应的电压， 此时仅 T3' 、 T4' 、 DT' 导通， 其他开关 TFT关断， 电流沿图 3 ( c ) 中的 Lc向 P2中的储能单元 C 充电， 充电结束后， a2点的电势为 V2-Vth2 (满足 DT' 栅源两极之间的压差为 Vth2, 其中 Vth2为 DT' 的阔值电 压）。
在发光阶段 W4， 如图 2所示， 扫描信号线中， 仅 Scan[3]为低电平， 其 他扫描信号线为高电平， 此时 Τ1、 Τ2、 ΤΓ 、 Τ2， 、 DT、 DT' 导通， 其他 TFT关断， Vdd分别沿图 3 ( d ) 中的 Ldl和 Ld2对 L和 L' 供应电流， 使 L 和 L' 发光。
根据饱和电流公式可知， 此时流经 L 的电流 IL=K ( Vcs-Vthi ) 2=[Vdd -
( v广 νω ) -νΛ1]2= κ(ν - ¼)2。
同理， 1^= K(Vdd - V2)2。 由上式中可以看到此时流经两个电致发光单元 的工作电流不受驱动晶体管阔值电压的影响，只与此时的数据电压 Vd^有关。 彻底解决了驱动 TFT由于工艺制程及长时间的操作造成阔值电压 (νΛ)漂移的 问题， 消除其对流经电致发光单元的电流的影响， 保证电致发光单元的正常 工作。
基于相同的构思， 本公开还提供了一种显示装置， 包括上述任一项所述 的像素电路。 显示装置可以为： 电子纸、 手机、 平板电脑、 电视机、 显示器、 笔记本电脑、 数码相框、 导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
在一些实施例中， 该显示装置中， 像素电路的两个子像素电路分别位于 两个相邻像素内。 这样能够使得元器件在相应的基板上的分布更加均匀。
在一些实施例中， 所述两个相邻像素位于其数据电压线的同一侧， 图 4 示出了其中一个像素电路 PU对应的两个相邻像素在其对应数据电压线 Vd^ 一侧的情况； 或者， 所述两个相邻像素分别位于其数据电压线的两侧， 图 5 示出了其中一个像素电路 PU对应的两个相邻像素在其对应数据电压线 两侧的情况。
以上所述仅是本公开的优选实施方式， 应当指出， 对于本技术领域的普 通技术人员来说， 在不脱离本公开技术原理的前提下， 还可以做出若干改进 和润饰， 这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。 本申请要求于 2014年 6月 18日递交的中国专利申请第 201410274190.6 号的优先权， 在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一 部分。

Claims

权利要求书
1、 一种像素电路， 包括两个子像素电路；
每一个子像素电路包括： 第一开关单元、 第二开关单元、 第三开关单元、 第四开关单元、 第五开关单元、 驱动单元、 储能单元和电致发光单元； 并且， 第一开关单元的第一端连接工作电压线， 第一开关单元的第二端连接驱 动单元的输入端， 用于在第一开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制 下向所述驱动单元提供工作电压；
第二开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出端， 第二开关单元的第二 端与电致发光元件相连， 用于在第二开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线 的控制下将所述驱动单元提供的驱动电流导入到所述电致发光元件；
第三开关单元的第一端连接到数据电压线， 第三开关单元的第二端连接 到驱动单元的输入端， 用于在第三开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的 控制下将驱动单元的输入端连接到数据电压线；
第四开关单元的第一端连接驱动单元的输出端， 第四开关单元的第二端 连接储能单元的第一端以及驱动单元的控制端， 用于在第四开关单元的控制 端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元的输出端与驱动单元的控制端导 通并使驱动单元的输出端的电压向所述储能单元的第一端充电；
第五开关单元的第一端连接到储能单元的第一端， 第五开关单元的第二 端接地， 用于在第五开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述 储能单元的第一端的电压置零；
且两个子像素电路中， 第三开关单元的第一端连接到同一数据电压线， 第一开关单元和第二开关单元的控制端均接入第三扫描信号线， 第五开关单 元的控制端均接入第四扫描信号线； 第一子像素电路的第三开关单元和第四 开关单元的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线； 第二子像素电路的第三开关单元 和第四开关单元的控制端均接入第二扫描信号线。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的像素电路， 其中控制端连接到同一扫描信号线的 两个开关单元为同一沟道类型的开关， 使得连接到同一扫描信号线的两个开 关单元的导通或关断状态相同。
3、 如权利要求 1或 2所述的像素电路， 其中， 各个开关单元和各个驱动 单元为薄膜场效应晶体管， 各个开关单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅 极， 各个开关单元的第一端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个开关单元的第 二端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极； 各个驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体 管的栅极， 各个驱动单元的输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极， 各个驱动单 元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极。
4、 如权利要求 3所述的像素电路， 其中， 驱动单元和开关单元对应的晶 体管为源漏极可以互换的晶体管， 或者各个开关单元的第一端为晶体管的漏 极， 第二端为晶体管的源极， 各个驱动单元的输入端为晶体管的漏极， 输出 端为晶体管的源极。
5、 如权利要求 3或 4所述的像素电路， 其中， 各个薄膜场效应晶体管均 为 P沟道型。
6、 如权利要求 1-5中任一项所述的像素电路， 其中， 所述储能单元为电 容。
7、 如权利要求 1-6中任一项所述的像素电路， 其中， 所述电致发光单元 为有机发光二极管。
8、 一种显示装置， 其中， 包括如权利要求 1-7中任一项所述的像素电路。
9、 如权利要求 8所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述像素电路的两个子像素电 路分别位于两个相邻像素内。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述两个相邻像素分别位于 所述数据电压线的两侧。
11、 如权利要求 9所述的显示装置， 其中， 所述两个相邻像素位于所述 数据电压线的同一侧。
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