WO2015188519A1 - 像素电路和显示装置 - Google Patents

像素电路和显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015188519A1
WO2015188519A1 PCT/CN2014/087582 CN2014087582W WO2015188519A1 WO 2015188519 A1 WO2015188519 A1 WO 2015188519A1 CN 2014087582 W CN2014087582 W CN 2014087582W WO 2015188519 A1 WO2015188519 A1 WO 2015188519A1
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Prior art keywords
unit
control
signal line
pixel circuit
switching unit
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PCT/CN2014/087582
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨盛际
董学
王海生
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方光电科技有限公司
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Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方光电科技有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to EP14861138.7A priority Critical patent/EP3159879B1/en
Priority to US14/443,686 priority patent/US9437142B2/en
Publication of WO2015188519A1 publication Critical patent/WO2015188519A1/zh

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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
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    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3266—Details of drivers for scan electrodes
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
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Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a pixel circuit and a display device.
  • OLED Organic light-emitting display
  • LCD liquid crystal display
  • OLEDs are current-driven and require a constant current to control illumination.
  • the threshold voltage of the driving TFT of each pixel has unevenness, which leads to the flow of each The current of the pixel OLED changes to make the display brightness uneven, thereby affecting the display effect of the entire image.
  • a pixel circuit generally corresponds to one pixel, and each pixel circuit includes at least one data voltage line, one working voltage line and a plurality of scanning signal lines, which leads to a complicated manufacturing process and does not Conducive to reducing the pixel pitch.
  • a pixel circuit including two sub-pixel circuits, each of the sub-pixel circuits including first to fifth switching units, a driving unit, an energy storage unit, and an electroluminescent unit; a first end of the switch unit is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit, and the second end of the first switch unit is grounded, and the storage is performed under the control of the scan signal line connected to the control end of the first switch unit The first end of the energy unit is grounded; the first end of the second switch unit is connected to the data voltage line, and the second end of the second switch unit is connected to the first end of the energy storage unit for scanning at the control end The voltage in the data voltage line is written to the first end of the energy storage unit under the control of the signal line; the first end of the third switch unit is connected to the second end of the energy storage unit, and the second end of the third switch unit is grounded.
  • the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the output end of the drive unit, and the second end of the fourth switch unit is connected to the second end of the energy storage unit for connection at the control end of the fourth switch unit
  • the output end of the driving unit is connected to the control end of the driving unit under the control of the incoming scanning signal line;
  • the first end of the fifth switching unit is connected to the output end of the driving unit, and the second end of the fifth switching unit is electrically illuminated Connected to the unit, for driving the driving current provided by the driving unit to the electroluminescent unit under the control of the scanning signal line connected to the control end of the fifth switching unit;
  • the control end of the driving unit and the storage The second end of the energy unit is connected; in the two sub-pixel circuits, the control ends of the first switch unit and the fourth switch unit are both connected to the third scan signal line, and the control ends of the third switch unit are all connected to the second scan signal a control line of the
  • the switching unit and the driving unit are thin film field effect transistors, and the control ends of the respective switching units are gates of the thin film field effect transistors, and the first ends of the respective switching units are the sources of the thin film field effect transistors.
  • the second end of each switching unit is a drain of a thin film field effect transistor, the input end of the driving unit is a source of a thin film field effect transistor, and the control end of the driving unit is a gate of a thin film field effect transistor,
  • the output of the drive unit is the drain of the thin film field effect transistor.
  • each of the thin film field effect transistors is of a P-channel type.
  • the energy storage unit is a capacitor.
  • the electroluminescent unit is an organic light emitting diode.
  • a display device including the pixel circuit of any of the above, is also provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the two sub-pixel circuits of the pixel circuit are respectively located in two adjacent pixels.
  • the two adjacent pixels are respectively located on both sides of the data voltage line.
  • the two adjacent pixels are located on the same side of the data voltage line.
  • the operating current flowing through the electroluminescent unit is not affected by the threshold voltage of the corresponding driving transistor, and the threshold value of the driving transistor is completely solved.
  • the voltage drift causes a problem of uneven brightness.
  • a compensation circuit is used to complete the driving of two pixels, and two adjacent pixels share a plurality of signal lines, which can reduce the number of signal lines used in the pixel circuit in the display device, reduce the cost of the integrated circuit, and reduce the pixel pitch. Increase pixel density.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of key signals in a pixel circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 3(a)-(e) are schematic diagrams showing current flow directions and voltage values of pixel circuits at different timings in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship between a pixel circuit and a pixel in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a positional relationship between a pixel circuit and a pixel in a display device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • a pixel circuit is provided, as shown in FIG. 1 or FIGS. 3(a)-(e), including: two sub-pixel circuits P1 and P2, wherein each pixel sub-circuit includes: Switching units T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, a driving unit DT, an energy storage unit C, and an electroluminescent unit L (for ease of distinction, in Fig. 1 or Fig.
  • the five switch units in P2 are denoted as T1', T2', T3', T4', T5', the drive unit is denoted as DT', the energy storage unit is C', and the electroluminescent unit is L', the same below)
  • the first end of T1 is connected to the first end a1 end of C (as shown in the figure, the second end of C is b1 end; for C', the first end is a2 end, and the second end is b2
  • the second end of the T1 is grounded, and the first end a1 of the energy storage unit C is grounded under the control of the scanning signal line connected to the control end of the T1; the first end of the T2 is connected to the a1 end of the C
  • the second end of the T2 is connected to the data voltage line V data for writing the voltage in the data voltage line to the first end of the energy storage unit C under the control of the scanning signal line accessed by the control terminal of the T2;
  • the control terminal is connected to a plurality of switch units of the same scan signal line (such as four switch units T1, T1', T4, T4' connected to Scan[3], Connected to two switch units T2 and T5 of Scan[1], the two switch units T3' and T3' connected to Scan[2] should be switches of the same channel type, that is, they are either high level or The same level is turned on, so that the two switching units connected to the same scanning signal line are turned on or off in the same state.
  • switch units of the same scan signal line such as four switch units T1, T1', T4, T4' connected to Scan[3]
  • the two switch units T3' and T3' connected to Scan[2] should be switches of the same channel type, that is, they are either high level or The same level is turned on, so that the two switching units connected to the same scanning signal line are turned on or off in the same state.
  • the operating current flowing through the electroluminescent unit is not affected by the threshold voltage of the corresponding driving transistor, and the problem of uneven display brightness due to the threshold voltage drift of the driving transistor is completely solved.
  • a compensation circuit is used to drive the two pixels, compressing the number of compensated TFT devices, and reducing one data voltage line, thereby reducing the number of signal lines, which can greatly reduce the pixel pitch and reduce the IC. Cost, resulting in higher pixel density.
  • the switching unit and the driving unit are thin film field effect transistors (TFTs), the control terminals of the respective switching units are gates, the first ends of the respective switching units are sources, and the second ends of the respective switching units are drains.
  • the input end of each driving unit is the source of the thin film field effect transistor, the control end of each driving unit is the gate of the thin film field effect transistor, and the output end of each driving unit is the drain of the thin film field effect transistor.
  • the switching unit and the driving unit can also be other suitable devices or device combinations.
  • all of the thin film field effect transistors are of a P-channel type. Using the same type of transistor, the process can be unified to improve the yield of the product.
  • the types of transistors may not be exactly the same, for example, T2 and T5 may be N-channel transistors, and T2' and T5' may be P-channel transistors.
  • the technical solutions provided by the present application can be implemented as long as the on/off states of the two switching units connected to the same scanning signal line are the same, and the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. limited.
  • the energy storage unit C is a capacitor.
  • other components with energy storage functions can be used according to design requirements.
  • the electroluminescent unit L may be an organic light emitting diode (OLED).
  • OLED organic light emitting diode
  • the timing chart of the scanning signals in each scanning signal line can be divided into five stages, which are respectively shown in FIG. 2 as a reset stage W1, a discharge stage W2, a first pixel compensation stage W3, and a second pixel compensation stage W4.
  • stage W5 the current flow and voltage values of the pixel circuit are shown in Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b), Fig. 3 (c), Fig. 3 (d), and Fig. 3 (e), respectively.
  • each of the switching units is a P-channel type TFT.
  • Scan[2] is at a low level, and other scan signal lines are at a high level.
  • T3 and T3' are turned on, and other TFTs are turned on. Both are disconnected, the b1 end of the capacitor C and the b2 end of the capacitor C' are grounded at the same time, and the potential at two points is 0V.
  • the voltage difference between a1 and b1 is V dd - V th1
  • the voltage difference between a2 and b2 is V dd - V th2
  • V th1 and V th2 are threshold voltages of DT and DT', respectively.
  • the potential change at point a2 is the potential V 2 of V data , and the point b2 is in the floating state, so the original differential pressure between two points a2 and b2 is maintained (V dd – V th2 ), the gate (b1 point) potential of DT' will undergo an isobaric jump, and the b2 point potential will jump to V dd -V th2 +V 2 .
  • the operating current flowing through the two electroluminescent units at this time is not affected by the threshold voltage of the driving transistor, and is only related to the data voltage V data at this time.
  • the problem that the threshold voltage (V th ) of the driving TFT drifts due to the process process and long-time operation is completely solved, the influence of the current flowing through the electroluminescent unit is eliminated, and the normal operation of the electroluminescent unit is ensured.
  • two pixels share the same data voltage line, the working voltage line, and only three scanning signal lines, which greatly reduces the number of corresponding signal lines, reduces the cost of the integrated circuit, and reduces the pixel pitch. Increase pixel density.
  • a display device comprising the pixel circuit shown in any of the above.
  • two sub-pixel circuits of the pixel circuit are respectively located in two adjacent pixels. This enables the distribution of components on the corresponding substrate to be more uniform.
  • the two adjacent pixels are located on the same side of their data voltage lines, and FIG. 4 shows the case where two adjacent pixels corresponding to one pixel circuit PU are on the side of their corresponding data voltage lines V data ; Alternatively, the two adjacent pixels are respectively located on two sides of the data voltage line thereof, and FIG. 5 shows the case where two adjacent pixels corresponding to one of the pixel circuits PU are on both sides of the corresponding data voltage line V data . .
  • the display device can be any product or component having display function such as electronic paper, mobile phone, tablet computer, television, display, notebook computer, digital photo frame, navigator, and the like.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)

Abstract

一种像素电路，包括两个子像素电路（P1，P2）和第六开关单元（T6）；第六开关单元（T6）的第一端连接到工作电压线（Vdd），控制端连接到第五扫描信号线（Em）；每个子像素电路（P1，P2）包括：五个开关单元（T1，T2，T3，T4，T5）、驱动单元（DT）、储能单元（C）和电致发光单元（L）；第一子像素电路（P1）的第一开关单元（T1）、第四开关单元（T4）与第二子像素电路（P2）的第一开关单元（T1'）、第四开关单元（T4'）共用一条扫描信号线（Scan[3]），第一子像素电路（P1）的第三开关单元（T3）与第二子像素电路（P2）的第三开关单元（T3'）共用一条扫描信号线（Scan[2]）。该像素电路彻底解决了由于驱动晶体管的阈值电压漂移导致显示亮度不均的问题。同时，使用一个补偿电路来完成两个像素的驱动，相邻的两个像素共用多条信号线路，能够缩减显示装置中用于像素电路的信号线路数目，降低集成电路成本，并缩减像素间距，提高像素密度。

Description

像素电路和显示装置 技术领域
本公开涉及一种像素电路和显示装置。
背景技术
有机发光显示器(OLED)是当今平板显示器研究领域的热点之一，与液晶显示器相比，OLED具有低能耗、生产成本低、自发光、宽视角及响应速度快等优点。目前，在手机、PDA、数码相机等显示领域OLED已经开始取代传统的液晶显示屏(LCD)。像素驱动电路设计是OLED显示器核心技术内容，具有重要的研究意义。
与TFT(薄膜场效应晶体管)-LCD利用稳定的电压控制亮度不同，OLED属于电流驱动，需要稳定的电流来控制发光。
由于工艺制程和器件老化等原因，在原始的2T1C驱动电路(包括两个薄膜场效应晶体管和一个电容)中，各像素点的驱动TFT的阈值电压存在不均匀性，这样就导致了流过每个像素点OLED的电流发生变化使得显示亮度不均，从而影响整个图像的显示效果。
并且已知技术中，一个像素电路一般对应于一个像素，每个像素电路都至少包含一条数据电压线、一条工作电压线和多条扫描信号线，这样就导致相应的制作工艺较为复杂，并且不利于缩小像素间距。
发明内容
在本公开的一个实施例中提供了一种像素电路，包括两个子像素电路，每一个子像素电路包括第一至第五开关单元、驱动单元、储能单元和电致发光单元；其中，第一开关单元的第一端连接储能单元的第一端，第一开关单元的第二端接地，用于在第一开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元的第一端接地；第二开关单元的第一端连接到数据电压线，第二开关单元的第二端连接到储能单元的第一端，用于在控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将数据电压线中的电压写入到储能单元的第一端；第三开关单元的第一端连接储能单元的第二端，第三开关单元的第二端接地，用于在第三开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元的第 二端接地；第四开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出端，第四开关单元的第二端连接到储能单元的第二端，用于在第四开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下使驱动单元的输出端与驱动单元的控制端连接；第五开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出端，第五开关单元的第二端与电致发光单元相连，用于在第五开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述驱动单元提供的驱动电流导入到所述电致发光单元；驱动单元的控制端与所述储能单元的第二端相连；在两个子像素电路中，第一开关单元和第四开关单元的控制端均接入第三扫描信号线，第三开关单元的控制端均接入第二扫描信号线；第一子像素电路的第二开关单元和第五开关单元的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线，第二子像素电路的第二开关单元和第五开关单元的控制端均接入第四扫描信号线；所述像素电路还包括一个第六开关单元，所述第六开关单元的第一端连接到工作电压线，第六开关单元的第二端分别与两个子像素电路的驱动单元的输入端相连，第六开关单元的控制端连接到第五扫描信号线，用于在所述第五扫描信号线的控制下为所述驱动单元提供工作电压。
可替换地，所述开关单元和所述驱动单元为薄膜场效应晶体管，各个开关单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极，各个开关单元的第一端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极，各个开关单元的第二端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极，所述驱动单元的输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极，所述驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极，所述驱动单元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极。
可替换地，各个薄膜场效应晶体管均为P沟道型。
可替换地，所述储能单元为电容。
可替换地，所述电致发光单元为有机发光二极管。
在本公开的另一实施例中还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述任一项所述的像素电路。
可替换地，所述像素电路的两个子像素电路分别位于两个相邻像素内。
可替换地，所述两个相邻像素分别位于所述数据电压线的两侧。
可替换地，所述两个相邻像素位于所述数据电压线的同一侧。
在本公开的实施例提供的像素电路中，流经电致发光单元的工作电流不受对应的驱动晶体管的阈值电压的影响，彻底解决了由于驱动晶体管的阈值 电压漂移导致显示亮度不均的问题。同时，使用一个补偿电路来完成两个像素的驱动，相邻的两个像素共用多条信号线路，能够缩减显示装置中用于像素电路的信号线路数目，降低集成电路成本，并缩减像素间距，提高像素密度。
附图说明
图1为本公开实施例提供的像素电路的结构示意图；
图2为本公开实施例提供的像素电路中关键信号的时序图；
图3(a)-(e)为本公开实施例中的像素电路在不同时序下的电流流向和电压值的示意图；
图4为本公开实施例提供的显示装置中像素电路与像素的一种位置关系的示意图；
图5为本公开实施例提供的显示装置中像素电路与像素的一种位置关系的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本公开的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本公开的技术方案，而不能以此来限制本公开的保护范围。
在本公开的一个实施例中提供了一种像素电路，如图1或图3(a)-(e)所示，包括：两个子像素电路P1和P2，其中每个像素子电路包括：五个开关单元T1、T2、T3、T4、T5，一个驱动单元DT，一个储能单元C，一个电致发光单元L(为了便于区分，在图1或图3(a)-(e)中，P2中的五个开关单元分别表示为T1’、T2’、T3’、T4’、T5’，驱动单元表示为DT’，储能单元为C’，电致发光单元为L’，下同)，而且，T1的第一端连接到C的第一端a1端(如图中所示，C的第二端为b1端；对于C’，其第一端为a2端，第二端为b2端)，T1的第二端接地，用于在T1的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将储能单元C的第一端a1接地；T2的第一端连接到C的a1端，T2的第二端连接到数据电压线Vdata，用于在T2的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将数据电压线中的电压写入到储能单元C的第一端；T3的第一端连接b1端，T3的第二端接地,用于在T3的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元C的第二端b1接 地；T4的第一端连接到DT的输出端，T4的第二端连接到b1端,用于在T4的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元DT的输出端与驱动单元DT的控制端连接；T5的第一端连接到DT的输出端，T5的第二端与L相连,用于在T5的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述驱动单元DT提供的驱动电流导入到电致发光单元L；驱动单元DT的控制端与b1端相连；且在两个子像素电路P1和P2中，T1和T4的控制端均接入连接第三扫描信号线Scan[3]，第三开关单元T3的控制端均连接到第二扫描信号线Scan[2]；第一子像素电路P1的T2和T5的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线Scan[1]；第二子像素电路P2的T2’和T5’的控制端均接入第四扫描信号线Scan[4]；除两个子像素电路P1和P2之外，所述的像素电路还包括一个第六开关单元T6，T6的第一端连接工作电压线Vdd，T6的第二端连接两个驱动单元DT和DT’的输入端，控制端连接第五扫描信号线Em，用于在第五扫描信号线EM的控制下为所述驱动单元DT提供工作电压。
可以理解的是，在本公开的一个实施例中，控制端连接到同一扫描信号线的多个开关单元(比如连接到Scan[3]的四个开关单元T1、T1’、T4、T4’，连接到Scan[1]的两个开关单元T2、T5，连接到Scan[2]的两个开关单元T3’和T3’)应为同一沟道类型的开关，即同为高电平导通或者同为低电平导通，从而保证连接到同一扫描信号线的两个开关单元的导通或关断状态相同。
本公开实施例提供的像素电路中，流经电致发光单元的工作电流不受对应的驱动晶体管的阈值电压的影响，彻底解决了由于驱动晶体管的阈值电压漂移导致显示亮度不均的问题。同时，使用一个补偿电路来完成两个像素的驱动，压缩了补偿的TFT器件的个数，并减少了一个数据电压线，从而减少了信号线路的数目，这样可大幅缩减像素间距大小并降低IC成本，从而获得更高的像素密度。
可替换地，所述开关单元和驱动单元为薄膜场效应晶体管TFT，各个开关单元的控制端为栅极，各个开关单元的第一端为源极，各个开关单元的第二端为漏极，各个驱动单元的输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极，各个驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极，各个驱动单元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极。当然开关单元和驱动单元也可以为其他合适的器件或器件组合。
进一步地，本公开实施例中，所有各个薄膜场效应晶体管均为P沟道型。 使用同一类型的晶体管，能够实现工艺流程的统一，从而提高产品的良品率。本领域技术人员可以理解的是，在实际应用中，各个晶体管的类型也可以不完全相同，比如T2和T5可以为N沟道型晶体管，而T2’和T5’可以为P沟道型晶体管，只要能够使控制端连接到同一扫描信号线的两个开关单元的导通/关断状态相同，即可实现本申请提供的技术方案，本公开示例性实施方式不应理解为对本公开保护范围的限定。
可替换地，所述储能单元C为电容。当然实际应用中，根据设计需要也可以采用其他具有储能功能的元件。
可替换地，所述电致发光单元L可以为有机发光二极管(OLED)。当然实际应用中，根据设计需要也可以采用其他能实现电致发光的元件。
下面结合图2和图3(a)-(e)对本公开示例性实施例提供的像素电路的工作原理进行详细说明，如图2所示为本公开的实施例提供的像素电路工作时输入到各个扫描信号线中的扫描信号的时序图，可分为五个阶段，在图2中分别表示为重置阶段W1、放电阶段W2、第一像素补偿阶段W3，第二像素补偿阶段W4，发光阶段W5，在各个阶段，像素电路的电流流向和电压值分别如图3(a)、图3(b)、图3(c)、图3(d)、图3(e)所示。为了方便说明，假设各个开关单元均为P沟道型TFT。
在重置阶段W1，如图2所示，Scan[2]为低电平，其他扫描信号线为高电平，此时如图3(a)所示，T3和T3’导通，其他TFT均断开，电容C的b1端与电容C’的b2端同时接地，两点电势为0V。
在放电阶段W2，如图2所示，Em，Scan[3]为低电平，其他扫描信号线为高电平，Vdata＝V1，V1为本次发光L所对应的电压，此时，T6、T1、T1’、T4、T4’导通，其他TFT均断开，其电流流向如图3(b)中的Lb和Lb’所示，放电结束后，b1点电势为Vdd–Vth1，b2点电势为Vdd–Vth2，此放电过程，电流仍然不会通过OLED。a1与a2点接地，电势为0V。此时a1与b1之间的压差为Vdd–Vth1，a2与b2之间的压差为Vdd–Vth2，其中Vth1和Vth2分别为DT和DT’的阈值电压。
在第一像素补偿阶段W3，如图2所示，Scan[1]为低电平，其他扫描信号线为高电平，Vdata＝V1，此时T2和T5导通，其他TFT关断。如图3(c)所示，此时a1点的电势变化为Vdata的电势V1，而b1点为浮接状态，因此要维持a1、b1两点原来的压差(Vdd–Vth1)，b1点电势会发生等压跳变，b1点电势跳变为Vdd–Vth1+V1。
在第二像素补偿阶段W4，如图2所示，Scan[4]为低电平，其他扫描信号线为高电平，Vdata＝V2，V2为本次发光L’所对应的电压，此时T2’和T5’导通，其他TFT关断。如图3(d)所示，此时a2点的电势变化为Vdata的电势V2，而b2点为浮接状态，因此要维持a2、b2两点原来的压差(Vdd–Vth2)，DT’的栅极(b1点)电势会发生等压跳变，b2点电势跳变为Vdd–Vth2+V2。
在发光阶段W5，如图2所示，扫描信号线中，Em，Scan[1]和Scan[4]为低电平，其他扫描信号线为高电平，此时T6、T2、T5、T2’、T5’，DT，DT’导通，其他TFT关断，Vdd沿图3(e)中的Le对L和L’供应电流，使L和L’发光。
根据饱和电流公式可知，此时流经L的电流IL＝K(VGS–Vth1)2＝[Vdd–(Vdd–Vth1+V1)–Vth1)]2＝K*(V1)2。
同理，IL’＝K*(V2)2。
由上式中可以看到此时流经两个电致发光单元的工作电流不受驱动晶体管阈值电压的影响，只与此时的数据电压Vdata有关。彻底解决了驱动TFT由于工艺制程及长时间的操作造成阈值电压(Vth)漂移的问题，消除其对流经电致发光单元的电流的影响，保证电致发光单元的正常工作。同时本公开实施例中，两个像素共用同一条数据电压线、工作电压线、并仅使用三个扫描信号线，大大缩减了相应的信号线路的数目，降低集成电路成本，并缩减像素间距，提高像素密度。
基于相同的构思，在本公开的另一实施例中还提供了一种显示装置，包括上述任一项所示的像素电路。
可替换地，该显示装置中，像素电路的两个子像素电路分别位于两个相邻像素内。这样能够使得元器件在相应的基板上的分布更加均匀。
可替换地，所述两个相邻像素位于其数据电压线的同一侧，图4示出了其中一个像素电路PU对应的两个相邻像素在其对应数据电压线Vdata一侧的情况；或者，所述两个相邻像素分别位于其数据电压线的两侧，图5示出了其中一个所述像素电路PU对应的两个相邻像素在其对应数据电压线Vdata两侧的情况。
显示装置可以为：电子纸、手机、平板电脑、电视机、显示器、笔记本电脑、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件。
以上所述仅是本公开的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进 和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开的保护范围。
本申请要求于2014年6月13日递交的中国专利申请第201410265700.3号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种像素电路，包括两个子像素电路，
    每一个子像素电路包括第一至第五开关单元、驱动单元、储能单元和电致发光单元；
    其中，第一开关单元的第一端连接储能单元的第一端，第一开关单元的第二端接地，用于在第一开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元的第一端接地；
    第二开关单元的第一端连接到数据电压线，第二开关单元的第二端连接到储能单元的第一端，用于在第二开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将数据电压线中的电压写入到储能单元的第一端；
    第三开关单元的第一端连接储能单元的第二端，第三开关单元的第二端接地，用于在第三开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述储能单元的第二端接地；
    第四开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出端，第四开关单元的第二端连接到储能单元的第二端，用于在第四开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将驱动单元的输出端与驱动单元的控制端连接；
    第五开关单元的第一端连接到驱动单元的输出端，第五开关单元的第二端与电致发光单元相连，用于在第五开关单元的控制端所接入的扫描信号线的控制下将所述驱动单元提供的驱动电流导入到所述电致发光单元；
    驱动单元的控制端与所述储能单元的第二端相连；
    在两个子像素电路中，第一开关单元和第四开关单元的控制端均接入第三扫描信号线，第三开关单元的控制端均接入第二扫描信号线；第一子像素电路的第二开关单元和第五开关单元的控制端均接入第一扫描信号线，第二子像素电路的第二开关单元和第五开关单元的控制端均接入第四扫描信号线；
    所述像素电路还包括一个第六开关单元，所述第六开关单元的第一端连接到工作电压线，第六开关单元的第二端分别与两个子像素电路的驱动单元的输入端相连，第六开关单元的控制端连接到第五扫描信号线，用于在所述第五扫描信号线的控制下为所述驱动单元提供工作电压。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的像素电路，其中，所述开关单元和所述驱动单元为薄膜场效应晶体管，各个开关单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极，各个开关单元的第一端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极，各个开关单元的第二端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极，所述驱动单元的输入端为薄膜场效应晶体管的源极，所述驱动单元的控制端为薄膜场效应晶体管的栅极，所述驱动单元的输出端为薄膜场效应晶体管的漏极。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的像素电路，其中，各个薄膜场效应晶体管均为P沟道型。
  4. 如权利要求1-3中任一项所述的像素电路，其中，所述储能单元为电容。
  5. 如权利要求1-4其中任一项所述的像素电路，其中，所述电致发光单元为有机发光二极管。
  6. 一种显示装置，包括如权利要求1-5任一项所述的像素电路。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的显示装置，其中，所述像素电路的两个子像素电路分别位于两个相邻像素内。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的显示装置，其中，所述两个相邻像素分别位于所述数据电压线的两侧。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的显示装置，其中，所述两个相邻像素位于所述数据电压线的同一侧。
PCT/CN2014/087582 2014-06-13 2014-09-26 像素电路和显示装置 WO2015188519A1 (zh)

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